Git Basics

What is a Repository (repo)?

A git "repo" is a workspace which tracks and manages files and directories with in a git initialized project.

Basic Git Commands

To initialize a git within a project

git init

It is used to initialize a git setup within a project to track changes.
This is the first basic git command required to start git.
Can be used only once in a project at the begining.

Note: about .git directory

After executing git init, you'll probably notice there is one .git named hidden directory get automatically created by git.
This directory holds all the history of your project after installation.
It is made hidden because you can't delete that accidentally.
If deleted manually then all the history will be deleted.Then you need to do git init again.

Warning: DO NOT INITIALIZE A REPO INSIDE A REPO

Before initializing a repository must check whether that repo is already initialized or not.
you can use git status command to verify whether you're in git repo or not.

To check status
```
git status
```

It is used to check status of changes made in git repo
Either the changes will be untracked or tracked if added to staging area.

To add file to staging area
```
git add file1.txt
```
or to add everything use the given commands below
```
git add -A
git add .
```

It is used to add files to staging area.
staging area means where files are ready to be commited.

To commit the changes
```
git commit -m "commit message"
```

It is used to commit the staged changes.
commit message should represent the commit changes

To log the previous commits
```
git log
```
or to log commit messages in one line
```
git log --oneline
```

It is used to see previous commits made
one line argument is really helpful to display log messages in one line