diff --git a/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.test.ts b/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.test.ts
index f600942aba9..81ca1aa2f48 100644
--- a/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.test.ts
@@ -173,4 +173,68 @@ describe('buffer reader', () => {
       expect(bufferReader.peekBytes(10)).toEqual(Buffer.from(ARRAY.slice(0, 10)));
     });
   });
+
+  describe('error handling', () => {
+    let smallBuffer: Buffer;
+    let smallBufferReader: BufferReader;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      smallBuffer = Buffer.from([1, 2, 3]); // 3-byte buffer
+      smallBufferReader = new BufferReader(smallBuffer);
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading number beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readNumber()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading numbers beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readNumbers(1)).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading UInt16 beyond buffer length', () => {
+      smallBufferReader.readBytes(2);
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readUInt16()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading UInt8 beyond buffer length', () => {
+      smallBufferReader.readBytes(3); // Read all bytes
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readUInt8()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading boolean beyond buffer length', () => {
+      smallBufferReader.readBytes(3); // Read all bytes
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readBoolean()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading bytes beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readBytes(4)).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading buffer beyond buffer length', () => {
+      // First, read a number (4 bytes) which is already beyond the buffer length
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readBuffer()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading vector beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readVector({ fromBuffer: () => 1 })).toThrow(
+        'Attempted to read beyond buffer length',
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading array beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() =>
+        smallBufferReader.readArray(4, { fromBuffer: (reader: BufferReader) => reader.readBytes(1) }),
+      ).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading string beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readString()).toThrow('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    });
+
+    it('should throw error when reading map beyond buffer length', () => {
+      expect(() => smallBufferReader.readMap({ fromBuffer: () => 1 })).toThrow(
+        'Attempted to read beyond buffer length',
+      );
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.ts b/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.ts
index be1bf669a82..04d57d5a2da 100644
--- a/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/foundation/src/serialize/buffer_reader.ts
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns The read 32-bit unsigned integer value.
    */
   public readNumber(): number {
+    this.#rangeCheck(4);
     this.index += 4;
     return this.buffer.readUint32BE(this.index - 4);
   }
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns The read 16 bit value.
    */
   public readUInt16(): number {
+    this.#rangeCheck(2);
     this.index += 2;
     return this.buffer.readUInt16BE(this.index - 2);
   }
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns The read 8 bit value.
    */
   public readUInt8(): number {
+    this.#rangeCheck(1);
     this.index += 1;
     return this.buffer.readUInt8(this.index - 1);
   }
@@ -99,6 +102,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns A boolean value representing the byte at the current index.
    */
   public readBoolean(): boolean {
+    this.#rangeCheck(1);
     this.index += 1;
     return Boolean(this.buffer.at(this.index - 1));
   }
@@ -112,6 +116,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns A new Buffer containing the read bytes.
    */
   public readBytes(n: number): Buffer {
+    this.#rangeCheck(n);
     this.index += n;
     return Buffer.from(this.buffer.subarray(this.index - n, this.index));
   }
@@ -215,6 +220,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
   public readBufferArray(size = -1): Buffer[] {
     const result: Buffer[] = [];
     const end = size >= 0 ? this.index + size : this.buffer.length;
+    this.#rangeCheck(end - this.index);
     while (this.index < end) {
       const item = this.readBuffer();
       result.push(item);
@@ -252,6 +258,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    * @returns A Buffer with the next n bytes or the remaining bytes if n is not provided or exceeds the buffer length.
    */
   public peekBytes(n?: number): Buffer {
+    this.#rangeCheck(n || 0);
     return this.buffer.subarray(this.index, n ? this.index + n : undefined);
   }
 
@@ -276,6 +283,7 @@ export class BufferReader {
    */
   public readBuffer(): Buffer {
     const size = this.readNumber();
+    this.#rangeCheck(size);
     return this.readBytes(size);
   }
 
@@ -311,6 +319,12 @@ export class BufferReader {
   public getLength(): number {
     return this.buffer.length;
   }
+
+  #rangeCheck(numBytes: number) {
+    if (this.index + numBytes > this.buffer.length) {
+      throw new Error('Attempted to read beyond buffer length');
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 /**