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+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
+      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+      
+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
+      
+      
+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
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+      <link rel="icon" href="/assets/favicon.png">
+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
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+      
+        <title>Cloud Native Camp</title>
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+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3V6m0 5h18v2H3v-2m0 5h18v2H3v-2Z"/></svg>
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+      <div class="md-header__ellipsis">
+        <div class="md-header__topic">
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+          </span>
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+        <div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
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+        </button>
+      </nav>
+      
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+    
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+        <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+  </div>
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+    CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp
+  </div>
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+    
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+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="/docker/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+  
+  
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="/singularity/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="/orchestration/k8s/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Orchestration
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
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+        Cloud Services
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="/resources/vscode/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Useful Resources
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+  
+
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+    </ul>
+  </div>
+</nav>
+    
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+</header>
+    
+    <div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
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+        <div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
+          
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+
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+  </div>
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+  </div>
+</a>
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+  
+  <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+    
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+          <a href="/.">Home</a>
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+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_2" type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
+      
+      
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+        
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+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="/singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+++ b/assets/de/icons/menuIcon.svg
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new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ba467746
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+++ b/assets/de/icons/newsIcon.svg
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+++ b/assets/de/icons/notificationIcon.svg
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diff --git a/assets/de/icons/playIcon.svg b/assets/de/icons/playIcon.svg
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+++ b/assets/de/icons/playIcon.svg
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+	 viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve">
+<style type="text/css">
+	.st0{fill:none;}
+	.st1{fill:#0971AB;}
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new file mode 100644
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+++ b/assets/de/icons/publicAppsIcon.svg
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+	 viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="enable-background:new 0 0 24 24;" xml:space="preserve">
+<style type="text/css">
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+	<path class="st0" d="M0,0h24v24H0V0z"/>
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+<style type="text/css">
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/assets/de/menu_items/appsIcon.svg b/assets/de/menu_items/appsIcon.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..129a9808
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new file mode 100644
index 00000000..829764fd
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/assets/de/menu_items/dataIcon.svg b/assets/de/menu_items/dataIcon.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..767037db
--- /dev/null
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new file mode 100644
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new file mode 100644
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e=="object"?(this.scrollLeft=e.left,this.scrollTop=e.top):(this.scrollLeft=e,this.scrollTop=t)}),Element.prototype.replaceWith||(Element.prototype.replaceWith=function(...e){let t=this.parentNode;if(t){e.length===0&&t.removeChild(this);for(let r=e.length-1;r>=0;r--){let n=e[r];typeof n=="string"?n=document.createTextNode(n):n.parentNode&&n.parentNode.removeChild(n),r?t.insertBefore(this.previousSibling,n):t.replaceChild(n,this)}}}));document.documentElement.classList.remove("no-js");document.documentElement.classList.add("js");var tt=go(),vr=ko(),gt=jo(),on=Ro(),we=qo(),gr=Kr("(min-width: 960px)"),Ki=Kr("(min-width: 1220px)"),Qi=Fo(),Yi=le(),Bi=document.forms.namedItem("search")?(__search==null?void 0:__search.index)||je(new URL("search/search_index.json",Yi.base)):Se,an=new E;wi({alert$:an});Z("navigation.instant")&&Ei({document$:tt,location$:vr,viewport$:we});var qi;((qi=Yi.version)==null?void 0:qi.provider)==="mike"&&Li({document$:tt});A(vr,gt).pipe(ke(125)).subscribe(()=>{Ke("drawer",!1),Ke("search",!1)});on.pipe(x(({mode:e})=>e==="global")).subscribe(e=>{switch(e.type){case"p":case",":let t=pe("[href][rel=prev]");typeof t!="undefined"&&t.click();break;case"n":case".":let r=pe("[href][rel=next]");typeof r!="undefined"&&r.click();break}});Vi({document$:tt,tablet$:gr});zi({document$:tt});Ni({viewport$:we,tablet$:gr});var Qe=bi(_e("header"),{viewport$:we}),br=tt.pipe(m(()=>_e("main")),S(e=>yi(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe})),X(1)),Ws=A(...te("consent").map(e=>Yo(e,{target$:gt})),...te("dialog").map(e=>hi(e,{alert$:an})),...te("header").map(e=>vi(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe,main$:br})),...te("palette").map(e=>xi(e)),...te("search").map(e=>Hi(e,{index$:Bi,keyboard$:on})),...te("source").map(e=>Fi(e))),Vs=P(()=>A(...te("announce").map(e=>Qo(e)),...te("content").map(e=>di(e,{viewport$:we,target$:gt,print$:Qi})),...te("content").map(e=>Z("search.highlight")?Pi(e,{index$:Bi,location$:vr}):R),...te("header-title").map(e=>gi(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe})),...te("sidebar").map(e=>e.getAttribute("data-md-type")==="navigation"?Qr(Ki,()=>nn(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe,main$:br})):Qr(gr,()=>nn(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe,main$:br}))),...te("tabs").map(e=>Ui(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe})),...te("toc").map(e=>Di(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe,target$:gt})),...te("top").map(e=>Wi(e,{viewport$:we,header$:Qe,main$:br,target$:gt})))),Gi=tt.pipe(S(()=>Vs),et(Ws),X(1));Gi.subscribe();window.document$=tt;window.location$=vr;window.target$=gt;window.keyboard$=on;window.viewport$=we;window.tablet$=gr;window.screen$=Ki;window.print$=Qi;window.alert$=an;window.component$=Gi;})();
+//# sourceMappingURL=bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js.map
+
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js.map b/assets/javascripts/bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34e26a3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "version": 3,
+  "sources": ["node_modules/focus-visible/dist/focus-visible.js", "node_modules/url-polyfill/url-polyfill.js", "node_modules/rxjs/node_modules/tslib/tslib.js", "node_modules/clipboard/dist/clipboard.js", "node_modules/escape-html/index.js", "node_modules/array-flat-polyfill/index.mjs", "src/assets/javascripts/bundle.ts", "node_modules/unfetch/polyfill/index.js", "node_modules/rxjs/node_modules/tslib/modules/index.js", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isFunction.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/createErrorClass.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/UnsubscriptionError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/arrRemove.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/Subscription.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/config.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/timeoutProvider.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/reportUnhandledError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/noop.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/NotificationFactories.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/errorContext.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/Subscriber.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/symbol/observable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/identity.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/pipe.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/Observable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/lift.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/OperatorSubscriber.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/animationFrameProvider.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/ObjectUnsubscribedError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/Subject.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/dateTimestampProvider.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/ReplaySubject.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/Action.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/intervalProvider.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/AsyncAction.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/Scheduler.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/AsyncScheduler.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/async.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/AnimationFrameAction.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/AnimationFrameScheduler.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduler/animationFrame.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/empty.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isScheduler.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/args.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isArrayLike.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isPromise.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isInteropObservable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isAsyncIterable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/throwUnobservableError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/symbol/iterator.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isIterable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isReadableStreamLike.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/innerFrom.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/executeSchedule.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/observeOn.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/subscribeOn.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduleObservable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/schedulePromise.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduleArray.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduleIterable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduleAsyncIterable.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduleReadableStreamLike.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/scheduled/scheduled.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/from.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/of.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/throwError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/isDate.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/map.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/mapOneOrManyArgs.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/argsArgArrayOrObject.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/createObject.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/combineLatest.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/mergeInternals.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/mergeMap.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/mergeAll.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/concatAll.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/concat.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/defer.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/fromEvent.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/fromEventPattern.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/timer.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/merge.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/never.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/util/argsOrArgArray.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/filter.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/observable/zip.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/audit.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/auditTime.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/bufferCount.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/catchError.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/scanInternals.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/combineLatest.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/combineLatestWith.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/concatMap.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/debounceTime.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/defaultIfEmpty.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/take.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/ignoreElements.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/mapTo.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/delayWhen.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/delay.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/distinctUntilChanged.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/distinctUntilKeyChanged.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/endWith.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/finalize.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/takeLast.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/merge.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/mergeWith.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/repeat.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/sample.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/scan.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/share.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/shareReplay.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/skip.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/skipUntil.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/startWith.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/switchMap.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/takeUntil.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/takeWhile.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/tap.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/throttle.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/throttleTime.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/withLatestFrom.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/zip.ts", "node_modules/rxjs/src/internal/operators/zipWith.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/document/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/focus/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/offset/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/offset/content/index.ts", "node_modules/resize-observer-polyfill/dist/ResizeObserver.es.js", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/size/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/size/content/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/element/visibility/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/toggle/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/keyboard/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/location/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/utilities/h/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/utilities/string/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/location/hash/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/media/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/request/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/script/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/viewport/offset/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/viewport/size/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/viewport/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/viewport/at/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/browser/worker/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/announce/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/consent/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/code/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/tooltip/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/annotation/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/clipboard/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/search/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/source/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/tabbed/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/table/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/templates/version/index.tsx", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/annotation/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/annotation/list/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/code/mermaid/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/details/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/table/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/tabs/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/content/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/dialog/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/header/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/header/title/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/main/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/palette/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/clipboard/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/sitemap/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/instant/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/document/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/highlighter/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/query/transform/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/worker/message/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/worker/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/version/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/query/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/result/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/share/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/suggest/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/search/highlight/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/sidebar/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/source/facts/github/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/source/facts/gitlab/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/source/facts/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/source/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/tabs/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/toc/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/components/top/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/patches/indeterminate/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/patches/scrollfix/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/patches/scrolllock/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/polyfills/index.ts"],
+  "sourceRoot": "../../../..",
+  "sourcesContent": ["(function (global, factory) {\n  typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? factory() :\n  typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(factory) :\n  (factory());\n}(this, (function () { 'use strict';\n\n  /**\n   * Applies the :focus-visible polyfill at the given scope.\n   * A scope in this case is either the top-level Document or a Shadow Root.\n   *\n   * @param {(Document|ShadowRoot)} scope\n   * @see https://github.com/WICG/focus-visible\n   */\n  function applyFocusVisiblePolyfill(scope) {\n    var hadKeyboardEvent = true;\n    var hadFocusVisibleRecently = false;\n    var hadFocusVisibleRecentlyTimeout = null;\n\n    var inputTypesAllowlist = {\n      text: true,\n      search: true,\n      url: true,\n      tel: true,\n      email: true,\n      password: true,\n      number: true,\n      date: true,\n      month: true,\n      week: true,\n      time: true,\n      datetime: true,\n      'datetime-local': true\n    };\n\n    /**\n     * Helper function for legacy browsers and iframes which sometimes focus\n     * elements like document, body, and non-interactive SVG.\n     * @param {Element} el\n     */\n    function isValidFocusTarget(el) {\n      if (\n        el &&\n        el !== document &&\n        el.nodeName !== 'HTML' &&\n        el.nodeName !== 'BODY' &&\n        'classList' in el &&\n        'contains' in el.classList\n      ) {\n        return true;\n      }\n      return false;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Computes whether the given element should automatically trigger the\n     * `focus-visible` class being added, i.e. whether it should always match\n     * `:focus-visible` when focused.\n     * @param {Element} el\n     * @return {boolean}\n     */\n    function focusTriggersKeyboardModality(el) {\n      var type = el.type;\n      var tagName = el.tagName;\n\n      if (tagName === 'INPUT' && inputTypesAllowlist[type] && !el.readOnly) {\n        return true;\n      }\n\n      if (tagName === 'TEXTAREA' && !el.readOnly) {\n        return true;\n      }\n\n      if (el.isContentEditable) {\n        return true;\n      }\n\n      return false;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Add the `focus-visible` class to the given element if it was not added by\n     * the author.\n     * @param {Element} el\n     */\n    function addFocusVisibleClass(el) {\n      if (el.classList.contains('focus-visible')) {\n        return;\n      }\n      el.classList.add('focus-visible');\n      el.setAttribute('data-focus-visible-added', '');\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Remove the `focus-visible` class from the given element if it was not\n     * originally added by the author.\n     * @param {Element} el\n     */\n    function removeFocusVisibleClass(el) {\n      if (!el.hasAttribute('data-focus-visible-added')) {\n        return;\n      }\n      el.classList.remove('focus-visible');\n      el.removeAttribute('data-focus-visible-added');\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * If the most recent user interaction was via the keyboard;\n     * and the key press did not include a meta, alt/option, or control key;\n     * then the modality is keyboard. Otherwise, the modality is not keyboard.\n     * Apply `focus-visible` to any current active element and keep track\n     * of our keyboard modality state with `hadKeyboardEvent`.\n     * @param {KeyboardEvent} e\n     */\n    function onKeyDown(e) {\n      if (e.metaKey || e.altKey || e.ctrlKey) {\n        return;\n      }\n\n      if (isValidFocusTarget(scope.activeElement)) {\n        addFocusVisibleClass(scope.activeElement);\n      }\n\n      hadKeyboardEvent = true;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * If at any point a user clicks with a pointing device, ensure that we change\n     * the modality away from keyboard.\n     * This avoids the situation where a user presses a key on an already focused\n     * element, and then clicks on a different element, focusing it with a\n     * pointing device, while we still think we're in keyboard modality.\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n    function onPointerDown(e) {\n      hadKeyboardEvent = false;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * On `focus`, add the `focus-visible` class to the target if:\n     * - the target received focus as a result of keyboard navigation, or\n     * - the event target is an element that will likely require interaction\n     *   via the keyboard (e.g. a text box)\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n    function onFocus(e) {\n      // Prevent IE from focusing the document or HTML element.\n      if (!isValidFocusTarget(e.target)) {\n        return;\n      }\n\n      if (hadKeyboardEvent || focusTriggersKeyboardModality(e.target)) {\n        addFocusVisibleClass(e.target);\n      }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * On `blur`, remove the `focus-visible` class from the target.\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n    function onBlur(e) {\n      if (!isValidFocusTarget(e.target)) {\n        return;\n      }\n\n      if (\n        e.target.classList.contains('focus-visible') ||\n        e.target.hasAttribute('data-focus-visible-added')\n      ) {\n        // To detect a tab/window switch, we look for a blur event followed\n        // rapidly by a visibility change.\n        // If we don't see a visibility change within 100ms, it's probably a\n        // regular focus change.\n        hadFocusVisibleRecently = true;\n        window.clearTimeout(hadFocusVisibleRecentlyTimeout);\n        hadFocusVisibleRecentlyTimeout = window.setTimeout(function() {\n          hadFocusVisibleRecently = false;\n        }, 100);\n        removeFocusVisibleClass(e.target);\n      }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * If the user changes tabs, keep track of whether or not the previously\n     * focused element had .focus-visible.\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n    function onVisibilityChange(e) {\n      if (document.visibilityState === 'hidden') {\n        // If the tab becomes active again, the browser will handle calling focus\n        // on the element (Safari actually calls it twice).\n        // If this tab change caused a blur on an element with focus-visible,\n        // re-apply the class when the user switches back to the tab.\n        if (hadFocusVisibleRecently) {\n          hadKeyboardEvent = true;\n        }\n        addInitialPointerMoveListeners();\n      }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Add a group of listeners to detect usage of any pointing devices.\n     * These listeners will be added when the polyfill first loads, and anytime\n     * the window is blurred, so that they are active when the window regains\n     * focus.\n     */\n    function addInitialPointerMoveListeners() {\n      document.addEventListener('mousemove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('mousedown', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('mouseup', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('pointermove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('pointerdown', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('pointerup', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('touchmove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('touchstart', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.addEventListener('touchend', onInitialPointerMove);\n    }\n\n    function removeInitialPointerMoveListeners() {\n      document.removeEventListener('mousemove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('mousedown', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('mouseup', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('pointermove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('pointerdown', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('pointerup', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('touchmove', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('touchstart', onInitialPointerMove);\n      document.removeEventListener('touchend', onInitialPointerMove);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * When the polfyill first loads, assume the user is in keyboard modality.\n     * If any event is received from a pointing device (e.g. mouse, pointer,\n     * touch), turn off keyboard modality.\n     * This accounts for situations where focus enters the page from the URL bar.\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n    function onInitialPointerMove(e) {\n      // Work around a Safari quirk that fires a mousemove on <html> whenever the\n      // window blurs, even if you're tabbing out of the page. \u00AF\\_(\u30C4)_/\u00AF\n      if (e.target.nodeName && e.target.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'html') {\n        return;\n      }\n\n      hadKeyboardEvent = false;\n      removeInitialPointerMoveListeners();\n    }\n\n    // For some kinds of state, we are interested in changes at the global scope\n    // only. For example, global pointer input, global key presses and global\n    // visibility change should affect the state at every scope:\n    document.addEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown, true);\n    document.addEventListener('mousedown', onPointerDown, true);\n    document.addEventListener('pointerdown', onPointerDown, true);\n    document.addEventListener('touchstart', onPointerDown, true);\n    document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', onVisibilityChange, true);\n\n    addInitialPointerMoveListeners();\n\n    // For focus and blur, we specifically care about state changes in the local\n    // scope. This is because focus / blur events that originate from within a\n    // shadow root are not re-dispatched from the host element if it was already\n    // the active element in its own scope:\n    scope.addEventListener('focus', onFocus, true);\n    scope.addEventListener('blur', onBlur, true);\n\n    // We detect that a node is a ShadowRoot by ensuring that it is a\n    // DocumentFragment and also has a host property. This check covers native\n    // implementation and polyfill implementation transparently. If we only cared\n    // about the native implementation, we could just check if the scope was\n    // an instance of a ShadowRoot.\n    if (scope.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE && scope.host) {\n      // Since a ShadowRoot is a special kind of DocumentFragment, it does not\n      // have a root element to add a class to. So, we add this attribute to the\n      // host element instead:\n      scope.host.setAttribute('data-js-focus-visible', '');\n    } else if (scope.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {\n      document.documentElement.classList.add('js-focus-visible');\n      document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-js-focus-visible', '');\n    }\n  }\n\n  // It is important to wrap all references to global window and document in\n  // these checks to support server-side rendering use cases\n  // @see https://github.com/WICG/focus-visible/issues/199\n  if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof document !== 'undefined') {\n    // Make the polyfill helper globally available. This can be used as a signal\n    // to interested libraries that wish to coordinate with the polyfill for e.g.,\n    // applying the polyfill to a shadow root:\n    window.applyFocusVisiblePolyfill = applyFocusVisiblePolyfill;\n\n    // Notify interested libraries of the polyfill's presence, in case the\n    // polyfill was loaded lazily:\n    var event;\n\n    try {\n      event = new CustomEvent('focus-visible-polyfill-ready');\n    } catch (error) {\n      // IE11 does not support using CustomEvent as a constructor directly:\n      event = document.createEvent('CustomEvent');\n      event.initCustomEvent('focus-visible-polyfill-ready', false, false, {});\n    }\n\n    window.dispatchEvent(event);\n  }\n\n  if (typeof document !== 'undefined') {\n    // Apply the polyfill to the global document, so that no JavaScript\n    // coordination is required to use the polyfill in the top-level document:\n    applyFocusVisiblePolyfill(document);\n  }\n\n})));\n", "(function(global) {\r\n  /**\r\n   * Polyfill URLSearchParams\r\n   *\r\n   * Inspired from : https://github.com/WebReflection/url-search-params/blob/master/src/url-search-params.js\r\n   */\r\n\r\n  var checkIfIteratorIsSupported = function() {\r\n    try {\r\n      return !!Symbol.iterator;\r\n    } catch (error) {\r\n      return false;\r\n    }\r\n  };\r\n\r\n\r\n  var iteratorSupported = checkIfIteratorIsSupported();\r\n\r\n  var createIterator = function(items) {\r\n    var iterator = {\r\n      next: function() {\r\n        var value = items.shift();\r\n        return { done: value === void 0, value: value };\r\n      }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    if (iteratorSupported) {\r\n      iterator[Symbol.iterator] = function() {\r\n        return iterator;\r\n      };\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return iterator;\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Search param name and values should be encoded according to https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlencoded-serializing\r\n   * encodeURIComponent() produces the same result except encoding spaces as `%20` instead of `+`.\r\n   */\r\n  var serializeParam = function(value) {\r\n    return encodeURIComponent(value).replace(/%20/g, '+');\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  var deserializeParam = function(value) {\r\n    return decodeURIComponent(String(value).replace(/\\+/g, ' '));\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  var polyfillURLSearchParams = function() {\r\n\r\n    var URLSearchParams = function(searchString) {\r\n      Object.defineProperty(this, '_entries', { writable: true, value: {} });\r\n      var typeofSearchString = typeof searchString;\r\n\r\n      if (typeofSearchString === 'undefined') {\r\n        // do nothing\r\n      } else if (typeofSearchString === 'string') {\r\n        if (searchString !== '') {\r\n          this._fromString(searchString);\r\n        }\r\n      } else if (searchString instanceof URLSearchParams) {\r\n        var _this = this;\r\n        searchString.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n          _this.append(name, value);\r\n        });\r\n      } else if ((searchString !== null) && (typeofSearchString === 'object')) {\r\n        if (Object.prototype.toString.call(searchString) === '[object Array]') {\r\n          for (var i = 0; i < searchString.length; i++) {\r\n            var entry = searchString[i];\r\n            if ((Object.prototype.toString.call(entry) === '[object Array]') || (entry.length !== 2)) {\r\n              this.append(entry[0], entry[1]);\r\n            } else {\r\n              throw new TypeError('Expected [string, any] as entry at index ' + i + ' of URLSearchParams\\'s input');\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n        } else {\r\n          for (var key in searchString) {\r\n            if (searchString.hasOwnProperty(key)) {\r\n              this.append(key, searchString[key]);\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n        }\r\n      } else {\r\n        throw new TypeError('Unsupported input\\'s type for URLSearchParams');\r\n      }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    var proto = URLSearchParams.prototype;\r\n\r\n    proto.append = function(name, value) {\r\n      if (name in this._entries) {\r\n        this._entries[name].push(String(value));\r\n      } else {\r\n        this._entries[name] = [String(value)];\r\n      }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.delete = function(name) {\r\n      delete this._entries[name];\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.get = function(name) {\r\n      return (name in this._entries) ? this._entries[name][0] : null;\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.getAll = function(name) {\r\n      return (name in this._entries) ? this._entries[name].slice(0) : [];\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.has = function(name) {\r\n      return (name in this._entries);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.set = function(name, value) {\r\n      this._entries[name] = [String(value)];\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.forEach = function(callback, thisArg) {\r\n      var entries;\r\n      for (var name in this._entries) {\r\n        if (this._entries.hasOwnProperty(name)) {\r\n          entries = this._entries[name];\r\n          for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {\r\n            callback.call(thisArg, entries[i], name, this);\r\n          }\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.keys = function() {\r\n      var items = [];\r\n      this.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n        items.push(name);\r\n      });\r\n      return createIterator(items);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.values = function() {\r\n      var items = [];\r\n      this.forEach(function(value) {\r\n        items.push(value);\r\n      });\r\n      return createIterator(items);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    proto.entries = function() {\r\n      var items = [];\r\n      this.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n        items.push([name, value]);\r\n      });\r\n      return createIterator(items);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    if (iteratorSupported) {\r\n      proto[Symbol.iterator] = proto.entries;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    proto.toString = function() {\r\n      var searchArray = [];\r\n      this.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n        searchArray.push(serializeParam(name) + '=' + serializeParam(value));\r\n      });\r\n      return searchArray.join('&');\r\n    };\r\n\r\n\r\n    global.URLSearchParams = URLSearchParams;\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  var checkIfURLSearchParamsSupported = function() {\r\n    try {\r\n      var URLSearchParams = global.URLSearchParams;\r\n\r\n      return (\r\n        (new URLSearchParams('?a=1').toString() === 'a=1') &&\r\n        (typeof URLSearchParams.prototype.set === 'function') &&\r\n        (typeof URLSearchParams.prototype.entries === 'function')\r\n      );\r\n    } catch (e) {\r\n      return false;\r\n    }\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  if (!checkIfURLSearchParamsSupported()) {\r\n    polyfillURLSearchParams();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  var proto = global.URLSearchParams.prototype;\r\n\r\n  if (typeof proto.sort !== 'function') {\r\n    proto.sort = function() {\r\n      var _this = this;\r\n      var items = [];\r\n      this.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n        items.push([name, value]);\r\n        if (!_this._entries) {\r\n          _this.delete(name);\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n      items.sort(function(a, b) {\r\n        if (a[0] < b[0]) {\r\n          return -1;\r\n        } else if (a[0] > b[0]) {\r\n          return +1;\r\n        } else {\r\n          return 0;\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n      if (_this._entries) { // force reset because IE keeps keys index\r\n        _this._entries = {};\r\n      }\r\n      for (var i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {\r\n        this.append(items[i][0], items[i][1]);\r\n      }\r\n    };\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if (typeof proto._fromString !== 'function') {\r\n    Object.defineProperty(proto, '_fromString', {\r\n      enumerable: false,\r\n      configurable: false,\r\n      writable: false,\r\n      value: function(searchString) {\r\n        if (this._entries) {\r\n          this._entries = {};\r\n        } else {\r\n          var keys = [];\r\n          this.forEach(function(value, name) {\r\n            keys.push(name);\r\n          });\r\n          for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {\r\n            this.delete(keys[i]);\r\n          }\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        searchString = searchString.replace(/^\\?/, '');\r\n        var attributes = searchString.split('&');\r\n        var attribute;\r\n        for (var i = 0; i < attributes.length; i++) {\r\n          attribute = attributes[i].split('=');\r\n          this.append(\r\n            deserializeParam(attribute[0]),\r\n            (attribute.length > 1) ? deserializeParam(attribute[1]) : ''\r\n          );\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    });\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  // HTMLAnchorElement\r\n\r\n})(\r\n  (typeof global !== 'undefined') ? global\r\n    : ((typeof window !== 'undefined') ? window\r\n    : ((typeof self !== 'undefined') ? self : this))\r\n);\r\n\r\n(function(global) {\r\n  /**\r\n   * Polyfill URL\r\n   *\r\n   * Inspired from : https://github.com/arv/DOM-URL-Polyfill/blob/master/src/url.js\r\n   */\r\n\r\n  var checkIfURLIsSupported = function() {\r\n    try {\r\n      var u = new global.URL('b', 'http://a');\r\n      u.pathname = 'c d';\r\n      return (u.href === 'http://a/c%20d') && u.searchParams;\r\n    } catch (e) {\r\n      return false;\r\n    }\r\n  };\r\n\r\n\r\n  var polyfillURL = function() {\r\n    var _URL = global.URL;\r\n\r\n    var URL = function(url, base) {\r\n      if (typeof url !== 'string') url = String(url);\r\n      if (base && typeof base !== 'string') base = String(base);\r\n\r\n      // Only create another document if the base is different from current location.\r\n      var doc = document, baseElement;\r\n      if (base && (global.location === void 0 || base !== global.location.href)) {\r\n        base = base.toLowerCase();\r\n        doc = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument('');\r\n        baseElement = doc.createElement('base');\r\n        baseElement.href = base;\r\n        doc.head.appendChild(baseElement);\r\n        try {\r\n          if (baseElement.href.indexOf(base) !== 0) throw new Error(baseElement.href);\r\n        } catch (err) {\r\n          throw new Error('URL unable to set base ' + base + ' due to ' + err);\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      var anchorElement = doc.createElement('a');\r\n      anchorElement.href = url;\r\n      if (baseElement) {\r\n        doc.body.appendChild(anchorElement);\r\n        anchorElement.href = anchorElement.href; // force href to refresh\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      var inputElement = doc.createElement('input');\r\n      inputElement.type = 'url';\r\n      inputElement.value = url;\r\n\r\n      if (anchorElement.protocol === ':' || !/:/.test(anchorElement.href) || (!inputElement.checkValidity() && !base)) {\r\n        throw new TypeError('Invalid URL');\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      Object.defineProperty(this, '_anchorElement', {\r\n        value: anchorElement\r\n      });\r\n\r\n\r\n      // create a linked searchParams which reflect its changes on URL\r\n      var searchParams = new global.URLSearchParams(this.search);\r\n      var enableSearchUpdate = true;\r\n      var enableSearchParamsUpdate = true;\r\n      var _this = this;\r\n      ['append', 'delete', 'set'].forEach(function(methodName) {\r\n        var method = searchParams[methodName];\r\n        searchParams[methodName] = function() {\r\n          method.apply(searchParams, arguments);\r\n          if (enableSearchUpdate) {\r\n            enableSearchParamsUpdate = false;\r\n            _this.search = searchParams.toString();\r\n            enableSearchParamsUpdate = true;\r\n          }\r\n        };\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      Object.defineProperty(this, 'searchParams', {\r\n        value: searchParams,\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      });\r\n\r\n      var search = void 0;\r\n      Object.defineProperty(this, '_updateSearchParams', {\r\n        enumerable: false,\r\n        configurable: false,\r\n        writable: false,\r\n        value: function() {\r\n          if (this.search !== search) {\r\n            search = this.search;\r\n            if (enableSearchParamsUpdate) {\r\n              enableSearchUpdate = false;\r\n              this.searchParams._fromString(this.search);\r\n              enableSearchUpdate = true;\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    var proto = URL.prototype;\r\n\r\n    var linkURLWithAnchorAttribute = function(attributeName) {\r\n      Object.defineProperty(proto, attributeName, {\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          return this._anchorElement[attributeName];\r\n        },\r\n        set: function(value) {\r\n          this._anchorElement[attributeName] = value;\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      });\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    ['hash', 'host', 'hostname', 'port', 'protocol']\r\n      .forEach(function(attributeName) {\r\n        linkURLWithAnchorAttribute(attributeName);\r\n      });\r\n\r\n    Object.defineProperty(proto, 'search', {\r\n      get: function() {\r\n        return this._anchorElement['search'];\r\n      },\r\n      set: function(value) {\r\n        this._anchorElement['search'] = value;\r\n        this._updateSearchParams();\r\n      },\r\n      enumerable: true\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    Object.defineProperties(proto, {\r\n\r\n      'toString': {\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          var _this = this;\r\n          return function() {\r\n            return _this.href;\r\n          };\r\n        }\r\n      },\r\n\r\n      'href': {\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          return this._anchorElement.href.replace(/\\?$/, '');\r\n        },\r\n        set: function(value) {\r\n          this._anchorElement.href = value;\r\n          this._updateSearchParams();\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      },\r\n\r\n      'pathname': {\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          return this._anchorElement.pathname.replace(/(^\\/?)/, '/');\r\n        },\r\n        set: function(value) {\r\n          this._anchorElement.pathname = value;\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      },\r\n\r\n      'origin': {\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          // get expected port from protocol\r\n          var expectedPort = { 'http:': 80, 'https:': 443, 'ftp:': 21 }[this._anchorElement.protocol];\r\n          // add port to origin if, expected port is different than actual port\r\n          // and it is not empty f.e http://foo:8080\r\n          // 8080 != 80 && 8080 != ''\r\n          var addPortToOrigin = this._anchorElement.port != expectedPort &&\r\n            this._anchorElement.port !== '';\r\n\r\n          return this._anchorElement.protocol +\r\n            '//' +\r\n            this._anchorElement.hostname +\r\n            (addPortToOrigin ? (':' + this._anchorElement.port) : '');\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      },\r\n\r\n      'password': { // TODO\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          return '';\r\n        },\r\n        set: function(value) {\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      },\r\n\r\n      'username': { // TODO\r\n        get: function() {\r\n          return '';\r\n        },\r\n        set: function(value) {\r\n        },\r\n        enumerable: true\r\n      },\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    URL.createObjectURL = function(blob) {\r\n      return _URL.createObjectURL.apply(_URL, arguments);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    URL.revokeObjectURL = function(url) {\r\n      return _URL.revokeObjectURL.apply(_URL, arguments);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    global.URL = URL;\r\n\r\n  };\r\n\r\n  if (!checkIfURLIsSupported()) {\r\n    polyfillURL();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if ((global.location !== void 0) && !('origin' in global.location)) {\r\n    var getOrigin = function() {\r\n      return global.location.protocol + '//' + global.location.hostname + (global.location.port ? 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Simulate it. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLInputElement/setSelectionRange\n    selectedText = fakeCopyAction(target.value, options);\n  } else {\n    selectedText = select_default()(target);\n    command('copy');\n  }\n\n  return selectedText;\n};\n\n/* harmony default export */ var actions_copy = (ClipboardActionCopy);\n;// CONCATENATED MODULE: ./src/actions/default.js\nfunction _typeof(obj) { \"@babel/helpers - typeof\"; if (typeof Symbol === \"function\" && typeof Symbol.iterator === \"symbol\") { _typeof = function _typeof(obj) { return typeof obj; }; } else { _typeof = function _typeof(obj) { return obj && typeof Symbol === \"function\" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? \"symbol\" : typeof obj; }; } return _typeof(obj); }\n\n\n\n/**\n * Inner function which performs selection from either `text` or `target`\n * properties and then executes copy or cut operations.\n * @param {Object} options\n */\n\nvar ClipboardActionDefault = function ClipboardActionDefault() {\n  var options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};\n  // Defines base properties passed from constructor.\n  var _options$action = options.action,\n      action = _options$action === void 0 ? 'copy' : _options$action,\n      container = options.container,\n      target = options.target,\n      text = options.text; // Sets the `action` to be performed which can be either 'copy' or 'cut'.\n\n  if (action !== 'copy' && action !== 'cut') {\n    throw new Error('Invalid \"action\" value, use either \"copy\" or \"cut\"');\n  } // Sets the `target` property using an element that will be have its content copied.\n\n\n  if (target !== undefined) {\n    if (target && _typeof(target) === 'object' && target.nodeType === 1) {\n      if (action === 'copy' && target.hasAttribute('disabled')) {\n        throw new Error('Invalid \"target\" attribute. Please use \"readonly\" instead of \"disabled\" attribute');\n      }\n\n      if (action === 'cut' && (target.hasAttribute('readonly') || target.hasAttribute('disabled'))) {\n        throw new Error('Invalid \"target\" attribute. You can\\'t cut text from elements with \"readonly\" or \"disabled\" attributes');\n      }\n    } else {\n      throw new Error('Invalid \"target\" value, use a valid Element');\n    }\n  } // Define selection strategy based on `text` property.\n\n\n  if (text) {\n    return actions_copy(text, {\n      container: container\n    });\n  } // Defines which selection strategy based on `target` property.\n\n\n  if (target) {\n    return action === 'cut' ? actions_cut(target) : actions_copy(target, {\n      container: container\n    });\n  }\n};\n\n/* harmony default export */ var actions_default = (ClipboardActionDefault);\n;// CONCATENATED MODULE: ./src/clipboard.js\nfunction clipboard_typeof(obj) { \"@babel/helpers - typeof\"; if (typeof Symbol === \"function\" && typeof Symbol.iterator === \"symbol\") { clipboard_typeof = function _typeof(obj) { return typeof obj; }; } else { clipboard_typeof = function _typeof(obj) { return obj && typeof Symbol === \"function\" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? \"symbol\" : typeof obj; }; } return clipboard_typeof(obj); }\n\nfunction _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError(\"Cannot call a class as a function\"); } }\n\nfunction _defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if (\"value\" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } }\n\nfunction _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }\n\nfunction _inherits(subClass, superClass) { if (typeof superClass !== \"function\" && superClass !== null) { throw new TypeError(\"Super expression must either be null or a function\"); } subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, { constructor: { value: subClass, writable: true, configurable: true } }); if (superClass) _setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass); }\n\nfunction _setPrototypeOf(o, p) { _setPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf || function _setPrototypeOf(o, p) { o.__proto__ = p; return o; }; return _setPrototypeOf(o, p); }\n\nfunction _createSuper(Derived) { var hasNativeReflectConstruct = _isNativeReflectConstruct(); return function _createSuperInternal() { var Super = _getPrototypeOf(Derived), result; if (hasNativeReflectConstruct) { var NewTarget = _getPrototypeOf(this).constructor; result = Reflect.construct(Super, arguments, NewTarget); } else { result = Super.apply(this, arguments); } return _possibleConstructorReturn(this, result); }; }\n\nfunction _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) { if (call && (clipboard_typeof(call) === \"object\" || typeof call === \"function\")) { return call; } return _assertThisInitialized(self); }\n\nfunction _assertThisInitialized(self) { if (self === void 0) { throw new ReferenceError(\"this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called\"); } return self; }\n\nfunction _isNativeReflectConstruct() { if (typeof Reflect === \"undefined\" || !Reflect.construct) return false; if (Reflect.construct.sham) return false; if (typeof Proxy === \"function\") return true; try { Date.prototype.toString.call(Reflect.construct(Date, [], function () {})); return true; } catch (e) { return false; } }\n\nfunction _getPrototypeOf(o) { _getPrototypeOf = Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.getPrototypeOf : function _getPrototypeOf(o) { return o.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(o); }; return _getPrototypeOf(o); }\n\n\n\n\n\n\n/**\n * Helper function to retrieve attribute value.\n * @param {String} suffix\n * @param {Element} element\n */\n\nfunction getAttributeValue(suffix, element) {\n  var attribute = \"data-clipboard-\".concat(suffix);\n\n  if (!element.hasAttribute(attribute)) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  return element.getAttribute(attribute);\n}\n/**\n * Base class which takes one or more elements, adds event listeners to them,\n * and instantiates a new `ClipboardAction` on each click.\n */\n\n\nvar Clipboard = /*#__PURE__*/function (_Emitter) {\n  _inherits(Clipboard, _Emitter);\n\n  var _super = _createSuper(Clipboard);\n\n  /**\n   * @param {String|HTMLElement|HTMLCollection|NodeList} trigger\n   * @param {Object} options\n   */\n  function Clipboard(trigger, options) {\n    var _this;\n\n    _classCallCheck(this, Clipboard);\n\n    _this = _super.call(this);\n\n    _this.resolveOptions(options);\n\n    _this.listenClick(trigger);\n\n    return _this;\n  }\n  /**\n   * Defines if attributes would be resolved using internal setter functions\n   * or custom functions that were passed in the constructor.\n   * @param {Object} options\n   */\n\n\n  _createClass(Clipboard, [{\n    key: \"resolveOptions\",\n    value: function resolveOptions() {\n      var options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};\n      this.action = typeof options.action === 'function' ? options.action : this.defaultAction;\n      this.target = typeof options.target === 'function' ? options.target : this.defaultTarget;\n      this.text = typeof options.text === 'function' ? options.text : this.defaultText;\n      this.container = clipboard_typeof(options.container) === 'object' ? options.container : document.body;\n    }\n    /**\n     * Adds a click event listener to the passed trigger.\n     * @param {String|HTMLElement|HTMLCollection|NodeList} trigger\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"listenClick\",\n    value: function listenClick(trigger) {\n      var _this2 = this;\n\n      this.listener = listen_default()(trigger, 'click', function (e) {\n        return _this2.onClick(e);\n      });\n    }\n    /**\n     * Defines a new `ClipboardAction` on each click event.\n     * @param {Event} e\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"onClick\",\n    value: function onClick(e) {\n      var trigger = e.delegateTarget || e.currentTarget;\n      var action = this.action(trigger) || 'copy';\n      var text = actions_default({\n        action: action,\n        container: this.container,\n        target: this.target(trigger),\n        text: this.text(trigger)\n      }); // Fires an event based on the copy operation result.\n\n      this.emit(text ? 'success' : 'error', {\n        action: action,\n        text: text,\n        trigger: trigger,\n        clearSelection: function clearSelection() {\n          if (trigger) {\n            trigger.focus();\n          }\n\n          window.getSelection().removeAllRanges();\n        }\n      });\n    }\n    /**\n     * Default `action` lookup function.\n     * @param {Element} trigger\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"defaultAction\",\n    value: function defaultAction(trigger) {\n      return getAttributeValue('action', trigger);\n    }\n    /**\n     * Default `target` lookup function.\n     * @param {Element} trigger\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"defaultTarget\",\n    value: function defaultTarget(trigger) {\n      var selector = getAttributeValue('target', trigger);\n\n      if (selector) {\n        return document.querySelector(selector);\n      }\n    }\n    /**\n     * Allow fire programmatically a copy action\n     * @param {String|HTMLElement} target\n     * @param {Object} options\n     * @returns Text copied.\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"defaultText\",\n\n    /**\n     * Default `text` lookup function.\n     * @param {Element} trigger\n     */\n    value: function defaultText(trigger) {\n      return getAttributeValue('text', trigger);\n    }\n    /**\n     * Destroy lifecycle.\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"destroy\",\n    value: function destroy() {\n      this.listener.destroy();\n    }\n  }], [{\n    key: \"copy\",\n    value: function copy(target) {\n      var options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {\n        container: document.body\n      };\n      return actions_copy(target, options);\n    }\n    /**\n     * Allow fire programmatically a cut action\n     * @param {String|HTMLElement} target\n     * @returns Text cutted.\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"cut\",\n    value: function cut(target) {\n      return actions_cut(target);\n    }\n    /**\n     * Returns the support of the given action, or all actions if no action is\n     * given.\n     * @param {String} [action]\n     */\n\n  }, {\n    key: \"isSupported\",\n    value: function isSupported() {\n      var action = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : ['copy', 'cut'];\n      var actions = typeof action === 'string' ? [action] : action;\n      var support = !!document.queryCommandSupported;\n      actions.forEach(function (action) {\n        support = support && !!document.queryCommandSupported(action);\n      });\n      return support;\n    }\n  }]);\n\n  return Clipboard;\n}((tiny_emitter_default()));\n\n/* harmony default export */ var clipboard = (Clipboard);\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 828:\n/***/ (function(module) {\n\nvar DOCUMENT_NODE_TYPE = 9;\n\n/**\n * A polyfill for Element.matches()\n */\nif (typeof Element !== 'undefined' && !Element.prototype.matches) {\n    var proto = Element.prototype;\n\n    proto.matches = proto.matchesSelector ||\n                    proto.mozMatchesSelector ||\n                    proto.msMatchesSelector ||\n                    proto.oMatchesSelector ||\n                    proto.webkitMatchesSelector;\n}\n\n/**\n * Finds the closest parent that matches a selector.\n *\n * @param {Element} element\n * @param {String} selector\n * @return {Function}\n */\nfunction closest (element, selector) {\n    while (element && element.nodeType !== DOCUMENT_NODE_TYPE) {\n        if (typeof element.matches === 'function' &&\n            element.matches(selector)) {\n          return element;\n        }\n        element = element.parentNode;\n    }\n}\n\nmodule.exports = closest;\n\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 438:\n/***/ (function(module, __unused_webpack_exports, __webpack_require__) {\n\nvar closest = __webpack_require__(828);\n\n/**\n * Delegates event to a selector.\n *\n * @param {Element} element\n * @param {String} selector\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @param {Boolean} useCapture\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction _delegate(element, selector, type, callback, useCapture) {\n    var listenerFn = listener.apply(this, arguments);\n\n    element.addEventListener(type, listenerFn, useCapture);\n\n    return {\n        destroy: function() {\n            element.removeEventListener(type, listenerFn, useCapture);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Delegates event to a selector.\n *\n * @param {Element|String|Array} [elements]\n * @param {String} selector\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @param {Boolean} useCapture\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction delegate(elements, selector, type, callback, useCapture) {\n    // Handle the regular Element usage\n    if (typeof elements.addEventListener === 'function') {\n        return _delegate.apply(null, arguments);\n    }\n\n    // Handle Element-less usage, it defaults to global delegation\n    if (typeof type === 'function') {\n        // Use `document` as the first parameter, then apply arguments\n        // This is a short way to .unshift `arguments` without running into deoptimizations\n        return _delegate.bind(null, document).apply(null, arguments);\n    }\n\n    // Handle Selector-based usage\n    if (typeof elements === 'string') {\n        elements = document.querySelectorAll(elements);\n    }\n\n    // Handle Array-like based usage\n    return Array.prototype.map.call(elements, function (element) {\n        return _delegate(element, selector, type, callback, useCapture);\n    });\n}\n\n/**\n * Finds closest match and invokes callback.\n *\n * @param {Element} element\n * @param {String} selector\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @return {Function}\n */\nfunction listener(element, selector, type, callback) {\n    return function(e) {\n        e.delegateTarget = closest(e.target, selector);\n\n        if (e.delegateTarget) {\n            callback.call(element, e);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmodule.exports = delegate;\n\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 879:\n/***/ (function(__unused_webpack_module, exports) {\n\n/**\n * Check if argument is a HTML element.\n *\n * @param {Object} value\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\nexports.node = function(value) {\n    return value !== undefined\n        && value instanceof HTMLElement\n        && value.nodeType === 1;\n};\n\n/**\n * Check if argument is a list of HTML elements.\n *\n * @param {Object} value\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\nexports.nodeList = function(value) {\n    var type = Object.prototype.toString.call(value);\n\n    return value !== undefined\n        && (type === '[object NodeList]' || type === '[object HTMLCollection]')\n        && ('length' in value)\n        && (value.length === 0 || exports.node(value[0]));\n};\n\n/**\n * Check if argument is a string.\n *\n * @param {Object} value\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\nexports.string = function(value) {\n    return typeof value === 'string'\n        || value instanceof String;\n};\n\n/**\n * Check if argument is a function.\n *\n * @param {Object} value\n * @return {Boolean}\n */\nexports.fn = function(value) {\n    var type = Object.prototype.toString.call(value);\n\n    return type === '[object Function]';\n};\n\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 370:\n/***/ (function(module, __unused_webpack_exports, __webpack_require__) {\n\nvar is = __webpack_require__(879);\nvar delegate = __webpack_require__(438);\n\n/**\n * Validates all params and calls the right\n * listener function based on its target type.\n *\n * @param {String|HTMLElement|HTMLCollection|NodeList} target\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction listen(target, type, callback) {\n    if (!target && !type && !callback) {\n        throw new Error('Missing required arguments');\n    }\n\n    if (!is.string(type)) {\n        throw new TypeError('Second argument must be a String');\n    }\n\n    if (!is.fn(callback)) {\n        throw new TypeError('Third argument must be a Function');\n    }\n\n    if (is.node(target)) {\n        return listenNode(target, type, callback);\n    }\n    else if (is.nodeList(target)) {\n        return listenNodeList(target, type, callback);\n    }\n    else if (is.string(target)) {\n        return listenSelector(target, type, callback);\n    }\n    else {\n        throw new TypeError('First argument must be a String, HTMLElement, HTMLCollection, or NodeList');\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds an event listener to a HTML element\n * and returns a remove listener function.\n *\n * @param {HTMLElement} node\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction listenNode(node, type, callback) {\n    node.addEventListener(type, callback);\n\n    return {\n        destroy: function() {\n            node.removeEventListener(type, callback);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Add an event listener to a list of HTML elements\n * and returns a remove listener function.\n *\n * @param {NodeList|HTMLCollection} nodeList\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction listenNodeList(nodeList, type, callback) {\n    Array.prototype.forEach.call(nodeList, function(node) {\n        node.addEventListener(type, callback);\n    });\n\n    return {\n        destroy: function() {\n            Array.prototype.forEach.call(nodeList, function(node) {\n                node.removeEventListener(type, callback);\n            });\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * Add an event listener to a selector\n * and returns a remove listener function.\n *\n * @param {String} selector\n * @param {String} type\n * @param {Function} callback\n * @return {Object}\n */\nfunction listenSelector(selector, type, callback) {\n    return delegate(document.body, selector, type, callback);\n}\n\nmodule.exports = listen;\n\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 817:\n/***/ (function(module) {\n\nfunction select(element) {\n    var selectedText;\n\n    if (element.nodeName === 'SELECT') {\n        element.focus();\n\n        selectedText = element.value;\n    }\n    else if (element.nodeName === 'INPUT' || element.nodeName === 'TEXTAREA') {\n        var isReadOnly = element.hasAttribute('readonly');\n\n        if (!isReadOnly) {\n            element.setAttribute('readonly', '');\n        }\n\n        element.select();\n        element.setSelectionRange(0, element.value.length);\n\n        if (!isReadOnly) {\n            element.removeAttribute('readonly');\n        }\n\n        selectedText = element.value;\n    }\n    else {\n        if (element.hasAttribute('contenteditable')) {\n            element.focus();\n        }\n\n        var selection = window.getSelection();\n        var range = document.createRange();\n\n        range.selectNodeContents(element);\n        selection.removeAllRanges();\n        selection.addRange(range);\n\n        selectedText = selection.toString();\n    }\n\n    return selectedText;\n}\n\nmodule.exports = select;\n\n\n/***/ }),\n\n/***/ 279:\n/***/ (function(module) {\n\nfunction E () {\n  // Keep this empty so it's easier to inherit from\n  // (via https://github.com/lipsmack from https://github.com/scottcorgan/tiny-emitter/issues/3)\n}\n\nE.prototype = {\n  on: function (name, callback, ctx) {\n    var e = this.e || (this.e = {});\n\n    (e[name] || (e[name] = [])).push({\n      fn: callback,\n      ctx: ctx\n    });\n\n    return this;\n  },\n\n  once: function (name, callback, ctx) {\n    var self = this;\n    function listener () {\n      self.off(name, listener);\n      callback.apply(ctx, arguments);\n    };\n\n    listener._ = callback\n    return this.on(name, listener, ctx);\n  },\n\n  emit: function (name) {\n    var data = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);\n    var evtArr = ((this.e || (this.e = {}))[name] || []).slice();\n    var i = 0;\n    var len = evtArr.length;\n\n    for (i; i < len; i++) {\n      evtArr[i].fn.apply(evtArr[i].ctx, data);\n    }\n\n    return this;\n  },\n\n  off: function (name, callback) {\n    var e = this.e || (this.e = {});\n    var evts = e[name];\n    var liveEvents = [];\n\n    if (evts && callback) {\n      for (var i = 0, len = evts.length; i < len; i++) {\n        if (evts[i].fn !== callback && evts[i].fn._ !== callback)\n          liveEvents.push(evts[i]);\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Remove event from queue to prevent memory leak\n    // Suggested by https://github.com/lazd\n    // Ref: https://github.com/scottcorgan/tiny-emitter/commit/c6ebfaa9bc973b33d110a84a307742b7cf94c953#commitcomment-5024910\n\n    (liveEvents.length)\n      ? e[name] = liveEvents\n      : delete e[name];\n\n    return this;\n  }\n};\n\nmodule.exports = E;\nmodule.exports.TinyEmitter = E;\n\n\n/***/ })\n\n/******/ \t});\n/************************************************************************/\n/******/ \t// The module cache\n/******/ \tvar __webpack_module_cache__ = {};\n/******/ \t\n/******/ \t// The require function\n/******/ \tfunction __webpack_require__(moduleId) {\n/******/ \t\t// Check if module is in cache\n/******/ \t\tif(__webpack_module_cache__[moduleId]) {\n/******/ \t\t\treturn __webpack_module_cache__[moduleId].exports;\n/******/ \t\t}\n/******/ \t\t// Create a new module (and put it into the cache)\n/******/ \t\tvar module = __webpack_module_cache__[moduleId] = {\n/******/ \t\t\t// no module.id needed\n/******/ \t\t\t// no module.loaded needed\n/******/ \t\t\texports: {}\n/******/ \t\t};\n/******/ \t\n/******/ \t\t// Execute the module function\n/******/ \t\t__webpack_modules__[moduleId](module, module.exports, __webpack_require__);\n/******/ \t\n/******/ \t\t// Return the exports of the module\n/******/ \t\treturn module.exports;\n/******/ \t}\n/******/ \t\n/************************************************************************/\n/******/ \t/* webpack/runtime/compat get default export */\n/******/ \t!function() {\n/******/ \t\t// getDefaultExport function for compatibility with non-harmony modules\n/******/ \t\t__webpack_require__.n = function(module) {\n/******/ \t\t\tvar getter = module && module.__esModule ?\n/******/ \t\t\t\tfunction() { return module['default']; } :\n/******/ \t\t\t\tfunction() { return module; };\n/******/ \t\t\t__webpack_require__.d(getter, { a: getter });\n/******/ \t\t\treturn getter;\n/******/ \t\t};\n/******/ \t}();\n/******/ \t\n/******/ \t/* webpack/runtime/define property getters */\n/******/ \t!function() {\n/******/ \t\t// define getter functions for harmony exports\n/******/ \t\t__webpack_require__.d = function(exports, definition) {\n/******/ \t\t\tfor(var key in definition) {\n/******/ \t\t\t\tif(__webpack_require__.o(definition, key) && !__webpack_require__.o(exports, key)) {\n/******/ \t\t\t\t\tObject.defineProperty(exports, key, { enumerable: true, get: definition[key] });\n/******/ \t\t\t\t}\n/******/ \t\t\t}\n/******/ \t\t};\n/******/ \t}();\n/******/ \t\n/******/ \t/* webpack/runtime/hasOwnProperty shorthand */\n/******/ \t!function() {\n/******/ \t\t__webpack_require__.o = function(obj, prop) { return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop); }\n/******/ \t}();\n/******/ \t\n/************************************************************************/\n/******/ \t// module exports must be returned from runtime so entry inlining is disabled\n/******/ \t// startup\n/******/ \t// Load entry module and return exports\n/******/ \treturn __webpack_require__(686);\n/******/ })()\n.default;\n});", "/*!\n * escape-html\n * Copyright(c) 2012-2013 TJ Holowaychuk\n * Copyright(c) 2015 Andreas Lubbe\n * Copyright(c) 2015 Tiancheng \"Timothy\" Gu\n * MIT Licensed\n */\n\n'use strict';\n\n/**\n * Module variables.\n * @private\n */\n\nvar matchHtmlRegExp = /[\"'&<>]/;\n\n/**\n * Module exports.\n * @public\n */\n\nmodule.exports = escapeHtml;\n\n/**\n * Escape special characters in the given string of html.\n *\n * @param  {string} string The string to escape for inserting into HTML\n * @return {string}\n * @public\n */\n\nfunction escapeHtml(string) {\n  var str = '' + string;\n  var match = matchHtmlRegExp.exec(str);\n\n  if (!match) {\n    return str;\n  }\n\n  var escape;\n  var html = '';\n  var index = 0;\n  var lastIndex = 0;\n\n  for (index = match.index; index < str.length; index++) {\n    switch (str.charCodeAt(index)) {\n      case 34: // \"\n        escape = '&quot;';\n        break;\n      case 38: // &\n        escape = '&amp;';\n        break;\n      case 39: // '\n        escape = '&#39;';\n        break;\n      case 60: // <\n        escape = '&lt;';\n        break;\n      case 62: // >\n        escape = '&gt;';\n        break;\n      default:\n        continue;\n    }\n\n    if (lastIndex !== index) {\n      html += str.substring(lastIndex, index);\n    }\n\n    lastIndex = index + 1;\n    html += escape;\n  }\n\n  return lastIndex !== index\n    ? html + str.substring(lastIndex, index)\n    : html;\n}\n", "Array.prototype.flat||Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype,\"flat\",{configurable:!0,value:function r(){var t=isNaN(arguments[0])?1:Number(arguments[0]);return t?Array.prototype.reduce.call(this,function(a,e){return Array.isArray(e)?a.push.apply(a,r.call(e,t-1)):a.push(e),a},[]):Array.prototype.slice.call(this)},writable:!0}),Array.prototype.flatMap||Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype,\"flatMap\",{configurable:!0,value:function(r){return Array.prototype.map.apply(this,arguments).flat()},writable:!0})\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport \"array-flat-polyfill\"\nimport \"focus-visible\"\nimport \"unfetch/polyfill\"\nimport \"url-polyfill\"\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  NEVER,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  delay,\n  filter,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  mergeWith,\n  shareReplay,\n  switchMap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration, feature } from \"./_\"\nimport {\n  at,\n  getOptionalElement,\n  requestJSON,\n  setToggle,\n  watchDocument,\n  watchKeyboard,\n  watchLocation,\n  watchLocationTarget,\n  watchMedia,\n  watchPrint,\n  watchViewport\n} from \"./browser\"\nimport {\n  getComponentElement,\n  getComponentElements,\n  mountAnnounce,\n  mountBackToTop,\n  mountConsent,\n  mountContent,\n  mountDialog,\n  mountHeader,\n  mountHeaderTitle,\n  mountPalette,\n  mountSearch,\n  mountSearchHiglight,\n  mountSidebar,\n  mountSource,\n  mountTableOfContents,\n  mountTabs,\n  watchHeader,\n  watchMain\n} from \"./components\"\nimport {\n  SearchIndex,\n  setupClipboardJS,\n  setupInstantLoading,\n  setupVersionSelector\n} from \"./integrations\"\nimport {\n  patchIndeterminate,\n  patchScrollfix,\n  patchScrolllock\n} from \"./patches\"\nimport \"./polyfills\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Application\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Yay, JavaScript is available */\ndocument.documentElement.classList.remove(\"no-js\")\ndocument.documentElement.classList.add(\"js\")\n\n/* Set up navigation observables and subjects */\nconst document$ = watchDocument()\nconst location$ = watchLocation()\nconst target$   = watchLocationTarget()\nconst keyboard$ = watchKeyboard()\n\n/* Set up media observables */\nconst viewport$ = watchViewport()\nconst tablet$   = watchMedia(\"(min-width: 960px)\")\nconst screen$   = watchMedia(\"(min-width: 1220px)\")\nconst print$    = watchPrint()\n\n/* Retrieve search index, if search is enabled */\nconst config = configuration()\nconst index$ = document.forms.namedItem(\"search\")\n  ? __search?.index || requestJSON<SearchIndex>(\n    new URL(\"search/search_index.json\", config.base)\n  )\n  : NEVER\n\n/* Set up Clipboard.js integration */\nconst alert$ = new Subject<string>()\nsetupClipboardJS({ alert$ })\n\n/* Set up instant loading, if enabled */\nif (feature(\"navigation.instant\"))\n  setupInstantLoading({ document$, location$, viewport$ })\n\n/* Set up version selector */\nif (config.version?.provider === \"mike\")\n  setupVersionSelector({ document$ })\n\n/* Always close drawer and search on navigation */\nmerge(location$, target$)\n  .pipe(\n    delay(125)\n  )\n    .subscribe(() => {\n      setToggle(\"drawer\", false)\n      setToggle(\"search\", false)\n    })\n\n/* Set up global keyboard handlers */\nkeyboard$\n  .pipe(\n    filter(({ mode }) => mode === \"global\")\n  )\n    .subscribe(key => {\n      switch (key.type) {\n\n        /* Go to previous page */\n        case \"p\":\n        case \",\":\n          const prev = getOptionalElement(\"[href][rel=prev]\")\n          if (typeof prev !== \"undefined\")\n            prev.click()\n          break\n\n        /* Go to next page */\n        case \"n\":\n        case \".\":\n          const next = getOptionalElement(\"[href][rel=next]\")\n          if (typeof next !== \"undefined\")\n            next.click()\n          break\n      }\n    })\n\n/* Set up patches */\npatchIndeterminate({ document$, tablet$ })\npatchScrollfix({ document$ })\npatchScrolllock({ viewport$, tablet$ })\n\n/* Set up header and main area observable */\nconst header$ = watchHeader(getComponentElement(\"header\"), { viewport$ })\nconst main$ = document$\n  .pipe(\n    map(() => getComponentElement(\"main\")),\n    switchMap(el => watchMain(el, { viewport$, header$ })),\n    shareReplay(1)\n  )\n\n/* Set up control component observables */\nconst control$ = merge(\n\n  /* Consent */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"consent\")\n    .map(el => mountConsent(el, { target$ })),\n\n  /* Dialog */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"dialog\")\n    .map(el => mountDialog(el, { alert$ })),\n\n  /* Header */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"header\")\n    .map(el => mountHeader(el, { viewport$, header$, main$ })),\n\n  /* Color palette */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"palette\")\n    .map(el => mountPalette(el)),\n\n  /* Search */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"search\")\n    .map(el => mountSearch(el, { index$, keyboard$ })),\n\n  /* Repository information */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"source\")\n    .map(el => mountSource(el))\n)\n\n/* Set up content component observables */\nconst content$ = defer(() => merge(\n\n  /* Announcement bar */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"announce\")\n    .map(el => mountAnnounce(el)),\n\n  /* Content */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"content\")\n    .map(el => mountContent(el, { viewport$, target$, print$ })),\n\n  /* Search highlighting */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"content\")\n    .map(el => feature(\"search.highlight\")\n      ? mountSearchHiglight(el, { index$, location$ })\n      : EMPTY\n    ),\n\n  /* Header title */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"header-title\")\n    .map(el => mountHeaderTitle(el, { viewport$, header$ })),\n\n  /* Sidebar */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"sidebar\")\n    .map(el => el.getAttribute(\"data-md-type\") === \"navigation\"\n      ? at(screen$, () => mountSidebar(el, { viewport$, header$, main$ }))\n      : at(tablet$, () => mountSidebar(el, { viewport$, header$, main$ }))\n    ),\n\n  /* Navigation tabs */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"tabs\")\n    .map(el => mountTabs(el, { viewport$, header$ })),\n\n  /* Table of contents */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"toc\")\n    .map(el => mountTableOfContents(el, { viewport$, header$, target$ })),\n\n  /* Back-to-top button */\n  ...getComponentElements(\"top\")\n    .map(el => mountBackToTop(el, { viewport$, header$, main$, target$ }))\n))\n\n/* Set up component observables */\nconst component$ = document$\n  .pipe(\n    switchMap(() => content$),\n    mergeWith(control$),\n    shareReplay(1)\n  )\n\n/* Subscribe to all components */\ncomponent$.subscribe()\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Exports\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\nwindow.document$  = document$          /* Document observable */\nwindow.location$  = location$          /* Location subject */\nwindow.target$    = target$            /* Location target observable */\nwindow.keyboard$  = keyboard$          /* Keyboard observable */\nwindow.viewport$  = viewport$          /* Viewport observable */\nwindow.tablet$    = tablet$            /* Media tablet observable */\nwindow.screen$    = screen$            /* Media screen observable */\nwindow.print$     = print$             /* Media print observable */\nwindow.alert$     = alert$             /* Alert subject */\nwindow.component$ = component$         /* Component observable */\n", "self.fetch||(self.fetch=function(e,n){return n=n||{},new Promise(function(t,s){var r=new XMLHttpRequest,o=[],u=[],i={},a=function(){return{ok:2==(r.status/100|0),statusText:r.statusText,status:r.status,url:r.responseURL,text:function(){return Promise.resolve(r.responseText)},json:function(){return Promise.resolve(r.responseText).then(JSON.parse)},blob:function(){return Promise.resolve(new Blob([r.response]))},clone:a,headers:{keys:function(){return o},entries:function(){return u},get:function(e){return i[e.toLowerCase()]},has:function(e){return e.toLowerCase()in i}}}};for(var c in r.open(n.method||\"get\",e,!0),r.onload=function(){r.getAllResponseHeaders().replace(/^(.*?):[^\\S\\n]*([\\s\\S]*?)$/gm,function(e,n,t){o.push(n=n.toLowerCase()),u.push([n,t]),i[n]=i[n]?i[n]+\",\"+t:t}),t(a())},r.onerror=s,r.withCredentials=\"include\"==n.credentials,n.headers)r.setRequestHeader(c,n.headers[c]);r.send(n.body||null)})});\n", "import tslib from '../tslib.js';\r\nconst {\r\n    __extends,\r\n    __assign,\r\n    __rest,\r\n    __decorate,\r\n    __param,\r\n    __metadata,\r\n    __awaiter,\r\n    __generator,\r\n    __exportStar,\r\n    __createBinding,\r\n    __values,\r\n    __read,\r\n    __spread,\r\n    __spreadArrays,\r\n    __spreadArray,\r\n    __await,\r\n    __asyncGenerator,\r\n    __asyncDelegator,\r\n    __asyncValues,\r\n    __makeTemplateObject,\r\n    __importStar,\r\n    __importDefault,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldGet,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldSet,\r\n} = tslib;\r\nexport {\r\n    __extends,\r\n    __assign,\r\n    __rest,\r\n    __decorate,\r\n    __param,\r\n    __metadata,\r\n    __awaiter,\r\n    __generator,\r\n    __exportStar,\r\n    __createBinding,\r\n    __values,\r\n    __read,\r\n    __spread,\r\n    __spreadArrays,\r\n    __spreadArray,\r\n    __await,\r\n    __asyncGenerator,\r\n    __asyncDelegator,\r\n    __asyncValues,\r\n    __makeTemplateObject,\r\n    __importStar,\r\n    __importDefault,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldGet,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldSet,\r\n};\r\n", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  ReplaySubject,\n  Subject,\n  fromEvent\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch document\n *\n * Documents are implemented as subjects, so all downstream observables are\n * automatically updated when a new document is emitted.\n *\n * @returns Document subject\n */\nexport function watchDocument(): Subject<Document> {\n  const document$ = new ReplaySubject<Document>(1)\n  fromEvent(document, \"DOMContentLoaded\", { once: true })\n    .subscribe(() => document$.next(document))\n\n  /* Return document */\n  return document$\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve all elements matching the query selector\n *\n * @template T - Element type\n *\n * @param selector - Query selector\n * @param node - Node of reference\n *\n * @returns Elements\n */\nexport function getElements<T extends keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap>(\n  selector: T, node?: ParentNode\n): HTMLElementTagNameMap[T][]\n\nexport function getElements<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node?: ParentNode\n): T[]\n\nexport function getElements<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node: ParentNode = document\n): T[] {\n  return Array.from(node.querySelectorAll<T>(selector))\n}\n\n/**\n * Retrieve an element matching a query selector or throw a reference error\n *\n * Note that this function assumes that the element is present. If unsure if an\n * element is existent, use the `getOptionalElement` function instead.\n *\n * @template T - Element type\n *\n * @param selector - Query selector\n * @param node - Node of reference\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function getElement<T extends keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap>(\n  selector: T, node?: ParentNode\n): HTMLElementTagNameMap[T]\n\nexport function getElement<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node?: ParentNode\n): T\n\nexport function getElement<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node: ParentNode = document\n): T {\n  const el = getOptionalElement<T>(selector, node)\n  if (typeof el === \"undefined\")\n    throw new ReferenceError(\n      `Missing element: expected \"${selector}\" to be present`\n    )\n\n  /* Return element */\n  return el\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve an optional element matching the query selector\n *\n * @template T - Element type\n *\n * @param selector - Query selector\n * @param node - Node of reference\n *\n * @returns Element or nothing\n */\nexport function getOptionalElement<T extends keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap>(\n  selector: T, node?: ParentNode\n): HTMLElementTagNameMap[T] | undefined\n\nexport function getOptionalElement<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node?: ParentNode\n): T | undefined\n\nexport function getOptionalElement<T extends HTMLElement>(\n  selector: string, node: ParentNode = document\n): T | undefined {\n  return node.querySelector<T>(selector) || undefined\n}\n\n/**\n * Retrieve the currently active element\n *\n * @returns Element or nothing\n */\nexport function getActiveElement(): HTMLElement | undefined {\n  return document.activeElement instanceof HTMLElement\n    ? document.activeElement || undefined\n    : undefined\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  debounceTime,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getActiveElement } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch element focus\n *\n * Previously, this function used `focus` and `blur` events to determine whether\n * an element is focused, but this doesn't work if there are focusable elements\n * within the elements itself. A better solutions are `focusin` and `focusout`\n * events, which bubble up the tree and allow for more fine-grained control.\n *\n * `debounceTime` is necessary, because when a focus change happens inside an\n * element, the observable would first emit `false` and then `true` again.\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element focus observable\n */\nexport function watchElementFocus(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<boolean> {\n  return merge(\n    fromEvent(document.body, \"focusin\"),\n    fromEvent(document.body, \"focusout\")\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      debounceTime(1),\n      map(() => {\n        const active = getActiveElement()\n        return typeof active !== \"undefined\"\n          ? el.contains(active)\n          : false\n      }),\n      startWith(el === getActiveElement()),\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  animationFrameScheduler,\n  auditTime,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Element offset\n */\nexport interface ElementOffset {\n  x: number                            /* Horizontal offset */\n  y: number                            /* Vertical offset */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve element offset\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element offset\n */\nexport function getElementOffset(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): ElementOffset {\n  return {\n    x: el.offsetLeft,\n    y: el.offsetTop\n  }\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch element offset\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element offset observable\n */\nexport function watchElementOffset(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<ElementOffset> {\n  return merge(\n    fromEvent(window, \"load\"),\n    fromEvent(window, \"resize\")\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      auditTime(0, animationFrameScheduler),\n      map(() => getElementOffset(el)),\n      startWith(getElementOffset(el))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  animationFrameScheduler,\n  auditTime,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { ElementOffset } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve element content offset (= scroll offset)\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element content offset\n */\nexport function getElementContentOffset(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): ElementOffset {\n  return {\n    x: el.scrollLeft,\n    y: el.scrollTop\n  }\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch element content offset\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element content offset observable\n */\nexport function watchElementContentOffset(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<ElementOffset> {\n  return merge(\n    fromEvent(el, \"scroll\"),\n    fromEvent(window, \"resize\")\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      auditTime(0, animationFrameScheduler),\n      map(() => getElementContentOffset(el)),\n      startWith(getElementContentOffset(el))\n    )\n}\n", "/**\r\n * A collection of shims that provide minimal functionality of the ES6 collections.\r\n *\r\n * These implementations are not meant to be used outside of the ResizeObserver\r\n * modules as they cover only a limited range of use cases.\r\n */\r\n/* eslint-disable require-jsdoc, valid-jsdoc */\r\nvar MapShim = (function () {\r\n    if (typeof Map !== 'undefined') {\r\n        return Map;\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Returns index in provided array that matches the specified key.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {Array<Array>} arr\r\n     * @param {*} key\r\n     * @returns {number}\r\n     */\r\n    function getIndex(arr, key) {\r\n        var result = -1;\r\n        arr.some(function (entry, index) {\r\n            if (entry[0] === key) {\r\n                result = index;\r\n                return true;\r\n            }\r\n            return false;\r\n        });\r\n        return result;\r\n    }\r\n    return /** @class */ (function () {\r\n        function class_1() {\r\n            this.__entries__ = [];\r\n        }\r\n        Object.defineProperty(class_1.prototype, \"size\", {\r\n            /**\r\n             * @returns {boolean}\r\n             */\r\n            get: function () {\r\n                return this.__entries__.length;\r\n            },\r\n            enumerable: true,\r\n            configurable: true\r\n        });\r\n        /**\r\n         * @param {*} key\r\n         * @returns {*}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.get = function (key) {\r\n            var index = getIndex(this.__entries__, key);\r\n            var entry = this.__entries__[index];\r\n            return entry && entry[1];\r\n        };\r\n        /**\r\n         * @param {*} key\r\n         * @param {*} value\r\n         * @returns {void}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.set = function (key, value) {\r\n            var index = getIndex(this.__entries__, key);\r\n            if (~index) {\r\n                this.__entries__[index][1] = value;\r\n            }\r\n            else {\r\n                this.__entries__.push([key, value]);\r\n            }\r\n        };\r\n        /**\r\n         * @param {*} key\r\n         * @returns {void}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.delete = function (key) {\r\n            var entries = this.__entries__;\r\n            var index = getIndex(entries, key);\r\n            if (~index) {\r\n                entries.splice(index, 1);\r\n            }\r\n        };\r\n        /**\r\n         * @param {*} key\r\n         * @returns {void}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.has = function (key) {\r\n            return !!~getIndex(this.__entries__, key);\r\n        };\r\n        /**\r\n         * @returns {void}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.clear = function () {\r\n            this.__entries__.splice(0);\r\n        };\r\n        /**\r\n         * @param {Function} callback\r\n         * @param {*} [ctx=null]\r\n         * @returns {void}\r\n         */\r\n        class_1.prototype.forEach = function (callback, ctx) {\r\n            if (ctx === void 0) { ctx = null; }\r\n            for (var _i = 0, _a = this.__entries__; _i < _a.length; _i++) {\r\n                var entry = _a[_i];\r\n                callback.call(ctx, entry[1], entry[0]);\r\n            }\r\n        };\r\n        return class_1;\r\n    }());\r\n})();\n\n/**\r\n * Detects whether window and document objects are available in current environment.\r\n */\r\nvar isBrowser = typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof document !== 'undefined' && window.document === document;\n\n// Returns global object of a current environment.\r\nvar global$1 = (function () {\r\n    if (typeof global !== 'undefined' && global.Math === Math) {\r\n        return global;\r\n    }\r\n    if (typeof self !== 'undefined' && self.Math === Math) {\r\n        return self;\r\n    }\r\n    if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.Math === Math) {\r\n        return window;\r\n    }\r\n    // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func\r\n    return Function('return this')();\r\n})();\n\n/**\r\n * A shim for the requestAnimationFrame which falls back to the setTimeout if\r\n * first one is not supported.\r\n *\r\n * @returns {number} Requests' identifier.\r\n */\r\nvar requestAnimationFrame$1 = (function () {\r\n    if (typeof requestAnimationFrame === 'function') {\r\n        // It's required to use a bounded function because IE sometimes throws\r\n        // an \"Invalid calling object\" error if rAF is invoked without the global\r\n        // object on the left hand side.\r\n        return requestAnimationFrame.bind(global$1);\r\n    }\r\n    return function (callback) { return setTimeout(function () { return callback(Date.now()); }, 1000 / 60); };\r\n})();\n\n// Defines minimum timeout before adding a trailing call.\r\nvar trailingTimeout = 2;\r\n/**\r\n * Creates a wrapper function which ensures that provided callback will be\r\n * invoked only once during the specified delay period.\r\n *\r\n * @param {Function} callback - Function to be invoked after the delay period.\r\n * @param {number} delay - Delay after which to invoke callback.\r\n * @returns {Function}\r\n */\r\nfunction throttle (callback, delay) {\r\n    var leadingCall = false, trailingCall = false, lastCallTime = 0;\r\n    /**\r\n     * Invokes the original callback function and schedules new invocation if\r\n     * the \"proxy\" was called during current request.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    function resolvePending() {\r\n        if (leadingCall) {\r\n            leadingCall = false;\r\n            callback();\r\n        }\r\n        if (trailingCall) {\r\n            proxy();\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Callback invoked after the specified delay. It will further postpone\r\n     * invocation of the original function delegating it to the\r\n     * requestAnimationFrame.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    function timeoutCallback() {\r\n        requestAnimationFrame$1(resolvePending);\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Schedules invocation of the original function.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    function proxy() {\r\n        var timeStamp = Date.now();\r\n        if (leadingCall) {\r\n            // Reject immediately following calls.\r\n            if (timeStamp - lastCallTime < trailingTimeout) {\r\n                return;\r\n            }\r\n            // Schedule new call to be in invoked when the pending one is resolved.\r\n            // This is important for \"transitions\" which never actually start\r\n            // immediately so there is a chance that we might miss one if change\r\n            // happens amids the pending invocation.\r\n            trailingCall = true;\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            leadingCall = true;\r\n            trailingCall = false;\r\n            setTimeout(timeoutCallback, delay);\r\n        }\r\n        lastCallTime = timeStamp;\r\n    }\r\n    return proxy;\r\n}\n\n// Minimum delay before invoking the update of observers.\r\nvar REFRESH_DELAY = 20;\r\n// A list of substrings of CSS properties used to find transition events that\r\n// might affect dimensions of observed elements.\r\nvar transitionKeys = ['top', 'right', 'bottom', 'left', 'width', 'height', 'size', 'weight'];\r\n// Check if MutationObserver is available.\r\nvar mutationObserverSupported = typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined';\r\n/**\r\n * Singleton controller class which handles updates of ResizeObserver instances.\r\n */\r\nvar ResizeObserverController = /** @class */ (function () {\r\n    /**\r\n     * Creates a new instance of ResizeObserverController.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private\r\n     */\r\n    function ResizeObserverController() {\r\n        /**\r\n         * Indicates whether DOM listeners have been added.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {boolean}\r\n         */\r\n        this.connected_ = false;\r\n        /**\r\n         * Tells that controller has subscribed for Mutation Events.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {boolean}\r\n         */\r\n        this.mutationEventsAdded_ = false;\r\n        /**\r\n         * Keeps reference to the instance of MutationObserver.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {MutationObserver}\r\n         */\r\n        this.mutationsObserver_ = null;\r\n        /**\r\n         * A list of connected observers.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {Array<ResizeObserverSPI>}\r\n         */\r\n        this.observers_ = [];\r\n        this.onTransitionEnd_ = this.onTransitionEnd_.bind(this);\r\n        this.refresh = throttle(this.refresh.bind(this), REFRESH_DELAY);\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Adds observer to observers list.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserverSPI} observer - Observer to be added.\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.addObserver = function (observer) {\r\n        if (!~this.observers_.indexOf(observer)) {\r\n            this.observers_.push(observer);\r\n        }\r\n        // Add listeners if they haven't been added yet.\r\n        if (!this.connected_) {\r\n            this.connect_();\r\n        }\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Removes observer from observers list.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserverSPI} observer - Observer to be removed.\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.removeObserver = function (observer) {\r\n        var observers = this.observers_;\r\n        var index = observers.indexOf(observer);\r\n        // Remove observer if it's present in registry.\r\n        if (~index) {\r\n            observers.splice(index, 1);\r\n        }\r\n        // Remove listeners if controller has no connected observers.\r\n        if (!observers.length && this.connected_) {\r\n            this.disconnect_();\r\n        }\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Invokes the update of observers. It will continue running updates insofar\r\n     * it detects changes.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.refresh = function () {\r\n        var changesDetected = this.updateObservers_();\r\n        // Continue running updates if changes have been detected as there might\r\n        // be future ones caused by CSS transitions.\r\n        if (changesDetected) {\r\n            this.refresh();\r\n        }\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Updates every observer from observers list and notifies them of queued\r\n     * entries.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private\r\n     * @returns {boolean} Returns \"true\" if any observer has detected changes in\r\n     *      dimensions of it's elements.\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.updateObservers_ = function () {\r\n        // Collect observers that have active observations.\r\n        var activeObservers = this.observers_.filter(function (observer) {\r\n            return observer.gatherActive(), observer.hasActive();\r\n        });\r\n        // Deliver notifications in a separate cycle in order to avoid any\r\n        // collisions between observers, e.g. when multiple instances of\r\n        // ResizeObserver are tracking the same element and the callback of one\r\n        // of them changes content dimensions of the observed target. Sometimes\r\n        // this may result in notifications being blocked for the rest of observers.\r\n        activeObservers.forEach(function (observer) { return observer.broadcastActive(); });\r\n        return activeObservers.length > 0;\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Initializes DOM listeners.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.connect_ = function () {\r\n        // Do nothing if running in a non-browser environment or if listeners\r\n        // have been already added.\r\n        if (!isBrowser || this.connected_) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        // Subscription to the \"Transitionend\" event is used as a workaround for\r\n        // delayed transitions. This way it's possible to capture at least the\r\n        // final state of an element.\r\n        document.addEventListener('transitionend', this.onTransitionEnd_);\r\n        window.addEventListener('resize', this.refresh);\r\n        if (mutationObserverSupported) {\r\n            this.mutationsObserver_ = new MutationObserver(this.refresh);\r\n            this.mutationsObserver_.observe(document, {\r\n                attributes: true,\r\n                childList: true,\r\n                characterData: true,\r\n                subtree: true\r\n            });\r\n        }\r\n        else {\r\n            document.addEventListener('DOMSubtreeModified', this.refresh);\r\n            this.mutationEventsAdded_ = true;\r\n        }\r\n        this.connected_ = true;\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Removes DOM listeners.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.disconnect_ = function () {\r\n        // Do nothing if running in a non-browser environment or if listeners\r\n        // have been already removed.\r\n        if (!isBrowser || !this.connected_) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        document.removeEventListener('transitionend', this.onTransitionEnd_);\r\n        window.removeEventListener('resize', this.refresh);\r\n        if (this.mutationsObserver_) {\r\n            this.mutationsObserver_.disconnect();\r\n        }\r\n        if (this.mutationEventsAdded_) {\r\n            document.removeEventListener('DOMSubtreeModified', this.refresh);\r\n        }\r\n        this.mutationsObserver_ = null;\r\n        this.mutationEventsAdded_ = false;\r\n        this.connected_ = false;\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * \"Transitionend\" event handler.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private\r\n     * @param {TransitionEvent} event\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.prototype.onTransitionEnd_ = function (_a) {\r\n        var _b = _a.propertyName, propertyName = _b === void 0 ? '' : _b;\r\n        // Detect whether transition may affect dimensions of an element.\r\n        var isReflowProperty = transitionKeys.some(function (key) {\r\n            return !!~propertyName.indexOf(key);\r\n        });\r\n        if (isReflowProperty) {\r\n            this.refresh();\r\n        }\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Returns instance of the ResizeObserverController.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {ResizeObserverController}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.getInstance = function () {\r\n        if (!this.instance_) {\r\n            this.instance_ = new ResizeObserverController();\r\n        }\r\n        return this.instance_;\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Holds reference to the controller's instance.\r\n     *\r\n     * @private {ResizeObserverController}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverController.instance_ = null;\r\n    return ResizeObserverController;\r\n}());\n\n/**\r\n * Defines non-writable/enumerable properties of the provided target object.\r\n *\r\n * @param {Object} target - Object for which to define properties.\r\n * @param {Object} props - Properties to be defined.\r\n * @returns {Object} Target object.\r\n */\r\nvar defineConfigurable = (function (target, props) {\r\n    for (var _i = 0, _a = Object.keys(props); _i < _a.length; _i++) {\r\n        var key = _a[_i];\r\n        Object.defineProperty(target, key, {\r\n            value: props[key],\r\n            enumerable: false,\r\n            writable: false,\r\n            configurable: true\r\n        });\r\n    }\r\n    return target;\r\n});\n\n/**\r\n * Returns the global object associated with provided element.\r\n *\r\n * @param {Object} target\r\n * @returns {Object}\r\n */\r\nvar getWindowOf = (function (target) {\r\n    // Assume that the element is an instance of Node, which means that it\r\n    // has the \"ownerDocument\" property from which we can retrieve a\r\n    // corresponding global object.\r\n    var ownerGlobal = target && target.ownerDocument && target.ownerDocument.defaultView;\r\n    // Return the local global object if it's not possible extract one from\r\n    // provided element.\r\n    return ownerGlobal || global$1;\r\n});\n\n// Placeholder of an empty content rectangle.\r\nvar emptyRect = createRectInit(0, 0, 0, 0);\r\n/**\r\n * Converts provided string to a number.\r\n *\r\n * @param {number|string} value\r\n * @returns {number}\r\n */\r\nfunction toFloat(value) {\r\n    return parseFloat(value) || 0;\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Extracts borders size from provided styles.\r\n *\r\n * @param {CSSStyleDeclaration} styles\r\n * @param {...string} positions - Borders positions (top, right, ...)\r\n * @returns {number}\r\n */\r\nfunction getBordersSize(styles) {\r\n    var positions = [];\r\n    for (var _i = 1; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {\r\n        positions[_i - 1] = arguments[_i];\r\n    }\r\n    return positions.reduce(function (size, position) {\r\n        var value = styles['border-' + position + '-width'];\r\n        return size + toFloat(value);\r\n    }, 0);\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Extracts paddings sizes from provided styles.\r\n *\r\n * @param {CSSStyleDeclaration} styles\r\n * @returns {Object} Paddings box.\r\n */\r\nfunction getPaddings(styles) {\r\n    var positions = ['top', 'right', 'bottom', 'left'];\r\n    var paddings = {};\r\n    for (var _i = 0, positions_1 = positions; _i < positions_1.length; _i++) {\r\n        var position = positions_1[_i];\r\n        var value = styles['padding-' + position];\r\n        paddings[position] = toFloat(value);\r\n    }\r\n    return paddings;\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Calculates content rectangle of provided SVG element.\r\n *\r\n * @param {SVGGraphicsElement} target - Element content rectangle of which needs\r\n *      to be calculated.\r\n * @returns {DOMRectInit}\r\n */\r\nfunction getSVGContentRect(target) {\r\n    var bbox = target.getBBox();\r\n    return createRectInit(0, 0, bbox.width, bbox.height);\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Calculates content rectangle of provided HTMLElement.\r\n *\r\n * @param {HTMLElement} target - Element for which to calculate the content rectangle.\r\n * @returns {DOMRectInit}\r\n */\r\nfunction getHTMLElementContentRect(target) {\r\n    // Client width & height properties can't be\r\n    // used exclusively as they provide rounded values.\r\n    var clientWidth = target.clientWidth, clientHeight = target.clientHeight;\r\n    // By this condition we can catch all non-replaced inline, hidden and\r\n    // detached elements. Though elements with width & height properties less\r\n    // than 0.5 will be discarded as well.\r\n    //\r\n    // Without it we would need to implement separate methods for each of\r\n    // those cases and it's not possible to perform a precise and performance\r\n    // effective test for hidden elements. E.g. even jQuery's ':visible' filter\r\n    // gives wrong results for elements with width & height less than 0.5.\r\n    if (!clientWidth && !clientHeight) {\r\n        return emptyRect;\r\n    }\r\n    var styles = getWindowOf(target).getComputedStyle(target);\r\n    var paddings = getPaddings(styles);\r\n    var horizPad = paddings.left + paddings.right;\r\n    var vertPad = paddings.top + paddings.bottom;\r\n    // Computed styles of width & height are being used because they are the\r\n    // only dimensions available to JS that contain non-rounded values. It could\r\n    // be possible to utilize the getBoundingClientRect if only it's data wasn't\r\n    // affected by CSS transformations let alone paddings, borders and scroll bars.\r\n    var width = toFloat(styles.width), height = toFloat(styles.height);\r\n    // Width & height include paddings and borders when the 'border-box' box\r\n    // model is applied (except for IE).\r\n    if (styles.boxSizing === 'border-box') {\r\n        // Following conditions are required to handle Internet Explorer which\r\n        // doesn't include paddings and borders to computed CSS dimensions.\r\n        //\r\n        // We can say that if CSS dimensions + paddings are equal to the \"client\"\r\n        // properties then it's either IE, and thus we don't need to subtract\r\n        // anything, or an element merely doesn't have paddings/borders styles.\r\n        if (Math.round(width + horizPad) !== clientWidth) {\r\n            width -= getBordersSize(styles, 'left', 'right') + horizPad;\r\n        }\r\n        if (Math.round(height + vertPad) !== clientHeight) {\r\n            height -= getBordersSize(styles, 'top', 'bottom') + vertPad;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    // Following steps can't be applied to the document's root element as its\r\n    // client[Width/Height] properties represent viewport area of the window.\r\n    // Besides, it's as well not necessary as the <html> itself neither has\r\n    // rendered scroll bars nor it can be clipped.\r\n    if (!isDocumentElement(target)) {\r\n        // In some browsers (only in Firefox, actually) CSS width & height\r\n        // include scroll bars size which can be removed at this step as scroll\r\n        // bars are the only difference between rounded dimensions + paddings\r\n        // and \"client\" properties, though that is not always true in Chrome.\r\n        var vertScrollbar = Math.round(width + horizPad) - clientWidth;\r\n        var horizScrollbar = Math.round(height + vertPad) - clientHeight;\r\n        // Chrome has a rather weird rounding of \"client\" properties.\r\n        // E.g. for an element with content width of 314.2px it sometimes gives\r\n        // the client width of 315px and for the width of 314.7px it may give\r\n        // 314px. And it doesn't happen all the time. So just ignore this delta\r\n        // as a non-relevant.\r\n        if (Math.abs(vertScrollbar) !== 1) {\r\n            width -= vertScrollbar;\r\n        }\r\n        if (Math.abs(horizScrollbar) !== 1) {\r\n            height -= horizScrollbar;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n    return createRectInit(paddings.left, paddings.top, width, height);\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Checks whether provided element is an instance of the SVGGraphicsElement.\r\n *\r\n * @param {Element} target - Element to be checked.\r\n * @returns {boolean}\r\n */\r\nvar isSVGGraphicsElement = (function () {\r\n    // Some browsers, namely IE and Edge, don't have the SVGGraphicsElement\r\n    // interface.\r\n    if (typeof SVGGraphicsElement !== 'undefined') {\r\n        return function (target) { return target instanceof getWindowOf(target).SVGGraphicsElement; };\r\n    }\r\n    // If it's so, then check that element is at least an instance of the\r\n    // SVGElement and that it has the \"getBBox\" method.\r\n    // eslint-disable-next-line no-extra-parens\r\n    return function (target) { return (target instanceof getWindowOf(target).SVGElement &&\r\n        typeof target.getBBox === 'function'); };\r\n})();\r\n/**\r\n * Checks whether provided element is a document element (<html>).\r\n *\r\n * @param {Element} target - Element to be checked.\r\n * @returns {boolean}\r\n */\r\nfunction isDocumentElement(target) {\r\n    return target === getWindowOf(target).document.documentElement;\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Calculates an appropriate content rectangle for provided html or svg element.\r\n *\r\n * @param {Element} target - Element content rectangle of which needs to be calculated.\r\n * @returns {DOMRectInit}\r\n */\r\nfunction getContentRect(target) {\r\n    if (!isBrowser) {\r\n        return emptyRect;\r\n    }\r\n    if (isSVGGraphicsElement(target)) {\r\n        return getSVGContentRect(target);\r\n    }\r\n    return getHTMLElementContentRect(target);\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Creates rectangle with an interface of the DOMRectReadOnly.\r\n * Spec: https://drafts.fxtf.org/geometry/#domrectreadonly\r\n *\r\n * @param {DOMRectInit} rectInit - Object with rectangle's x/y coordinates and dimensions.\r\n * @returns {DOMRectReadOnly}\r\n */\r\nfunction createReadOnlyRect(_a) {\r\n    var x = _a.x, y = _a.y, width = _a.width, height = _a.height;\r\n    // If DOMRectReadOnly is available use it as a prototype for the rectangle.\r\n    var Constr = typeof DOMRectReadOnly !== 'undefined' ? DOMRectReadOnly : Object;\r\n    var rect = Object.create(Constr.prototype);\r\n    // Rectangle's properties are not writable and non-enumerable.\r\n    defineConfigurable(rect, {\r\n        x: x, y: y, width: width, height: height,\r\n        top: y,\r\n        right: x + width,\r\n        bottom: height + y,\r\n        left: x\r\n    });\r\n    return rect;\r\n}\r\n/**\r\n * Creates DOMRectInit object based on the provided dimensions and the x/y coordinates.\r\n * Spec: https://drafts.fxtf.org/geometry/#dictdef-domrectinit\r\n *\r\n * @param {number} x - X coordinate.\r\n * @param {number} y - Y coordinate.\r\n * @param {number} width - Rectangle's width.\r\n * @param {number} height - Rectangle's height.\r\n * @returns {DOMRectInit}\r\n */\r\nfunction createRectInit(x, y, width, height) {\r\n    return { x: x, y: y, width: width, height: height };\r\n}\n\n/**\r\n * Class that is responsible for computations of the content rectangle of\r\n * provided DOM element and for keeping track of it's changes.\r\n */\r\nvar ResizeObservation = /** @class */ (function () {\r\n    /**\r\n     * Creates an instance of ResizeObservation.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {Element} target - Element to be observed.\r\n     */\r\n    function ResizeObservation(target) {\r\n        /**\r\n         * Broadcasted width of content rectangle.\r\n         *\r\n         * @type {number}\r\n         */\r\n        this.broadcastWidth = 0;\r\n        /**\r\n         * Broadcasted height of content rectangle.\r\n         *\r\n         * @type {number}\r\n         */\r\n        this.broadcastHeight = 0;\r\n        /**\r\n         * Reference to the last observed content rectangle.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {DOMRectInit}\r\n         */\r\n        this.contentRect_ = createRectInit(0, 0, 0, 0);\r\n        this.target = target;\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Updates content rectangle and tells whether it's width or height properties\r\n     * have changed since the last broadcast.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {boolean}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObservation.prototype.isActive = function () {\r\n        var rect = getContentRect(this.target);\r\n        this.contentRect_ = rect;\r\n        return (rect.width !== this.broadcastWidth ||\r\n            rect.height !== this.broadcastHeight);\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Updates 'broadcastWidth' and 'broadcastHeight' properties with a data\r\n     * from the corresponding properties of the last observed content rectangle.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {DOMRectInit} Last observed content rectangle.\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObservation.prototype.broadcastRect = function () {\r\n        var rect = this.contentRect_;\r\n        this.broadcastWidth = rect.width;\r\n        this.broadcastHeight = rect.height;\r\n        return rect;\r\n    };\r\n    return ResizeObservation;\r\n}());\n\nvar ResizeObserverEntry = /** @class */ (function () {\r\n    /**\r\n     * Creates an instance of ResizeObserverEntry.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {Element} target - Element that is being observed.\r\n     * @param {DOMRectInit} rectInit - Data of the element's content rectangle.\r\n     */\r\n    function ResizeObserverEntry(target, rectInit) {\r\n        var contentRect = createReadOnlyRect(rectInit);\r\n        // According to the specification following properties are not writable\r\n        // and are also not enumerable in the native implementation.\r\n        //\r\n        // Property accessors are not being used as they'd require to define a\r\n        // private WeakMap storage which may cause memory leaks in browsers that\r\n        // don't support this type of collections.\r\n        defineConfigurable(this, { target: target, contentRect: contentRect });\r\n    }\r\n    return ResizeObserverEntry;\r\n}());\n\nvar ResizeObserverSPI = /** @class */ (function () {\r\n    /**\r\n     * Creates a new instance of ResizeObserver.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserverCallback} callback - Callback function that is invoked\r\n     *      when one of the observed elements changes it's content dimensions.\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserverController} controller - Controller instance which\r\n     *      is responsible for the updates of observer.\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserver} callbackCtx - Reference to the public\r\n     *      ResizeObserver instance which will be passed to callback function.\r\n     */\r\n    function ResizeObserverSPI(callback, controller, callbackCtx) {\r\n        /**\r\n         * Collection of resize observations that have detected changes in dimensions\r\n         * of elements.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {Array<ResizeObservation>}\r\n         */\r\n        this.activeObservations_ = [];\r\n        /**\r\n         * Registry of the ResizeObservation instances.\r\n         *\r\n         * @private {Map<Element, ResizeObservation>}\r\n         */\r\n        this.observations_ = new MapShim();\r\n        if (typeof callback !== 'function') {\r\n            throw new TypeError('The callback provided as parameter 1 is not a function.');\r\n        }\r\n        this.callback_ = callback;\r\n        this.controller_ = controller;\r\n        this.callbackCtx_ = callbackCtx;\r\n    }\r\n    /**\r\n     * Starts observing provided element.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {Element} target - Element to be observed.\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.observe = function (target) {\r\n        if (!arguments.length) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('1 argument required, but only 0 present.');\r\n        }\r\n        // Do nothing if current environment doesn't have the Element interface.\r\n        if (typeof Element === 'undefined' || !(Element instanceof Object)) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        if (!(target instanceof getWindowOf(target).Element)) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('parameter 1 is not of type \"Element\".');\r\n        }\r\n        var observations = this.observations_;\r\n        // Do nothing if element is already being observed.\r\n        if (observations.has(target)) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        observations.set(target, new ResizeObservation(target));\r\n        this.controller_.addObserver(this);\r\n        // Force the update of observations.\r\n        this.controller_.refresh();\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Stops observing provided element.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {Element} target - Element to stop observing.\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.unobserve = function (target) {\r\n        if (!arguments.length) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('1 argument required, but only 0 present.');\r\n        }\r\n        // Do nothing if current environment doesn't have the Element interface.\r\n        if (typeof Element === 'undefined' || !(Element instanceof Object)) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        if (!(target instanceof getWindowOf(target).Element)) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('parameter 1 is not of type \"Element\".');\r\n        }\r\n        var observations = this.observations_;\r\n        // Do nothing if element is not being observed.\r\n        if (!observations.has(target)) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        observations.delete(target);\r\n        if (!observations.size) {\r\n            this.controller_.removeObserver(this);\r\n        }\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Stops observing all elements.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.disconnect = function () {\r\n        this.clearActive();\r\n        this.observations_.clear();\r\n        this.controller_.removeObserver(this);\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Collects observation instances the associated element of which has changed\r\n     * it's content rectangle.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.gatherActive = function () {\r\n        var _this = this;\r\n        this.clearActive();\r\n        this.observations_.forEach(function (observation) {\r\n            if (observation.isActive()) {\r\n                _this.activeObservations_.push(observation);\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Invokes initial callback function with a list of ResizeObserverEntry\r\n     * instances collected from active resize observations.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.broadcastActive = function () {\r\n        // Do nothing if observer doesn't have active observations.\r\n        if (!this.hasActive()) {\r\n            return;\r\n        }\r\n        var ctx = this.callbackCtx_;\r\n        // Create ResizeObserverEntry instance for every active observation.\r\n        var entries = this.activeObservations_.map(function (observation) {\r\n            return new ResizeObserverEntry(observation.target, observation.broadcastRect());\r\n        });\r\n        this.callback_.call(ctx, entries, ctx);\r\n        this.clearActive();\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Clears the collection of active observations.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {void}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.clearActive = function () {\r\n        this.activeObservations_.splice(0);\r\n    };\r\n    /**\r\n     * Tells whether observer has active observations.\r\n     *\r\n     * @returns {boolean}\r\n     */\r\n    ResizeObserverSPI.prototype.hasActive = function () {\r\n        return this.activeObservations_.length > 0;\r\n    };\r\n    return ResizeObserverSPI;\r\n}());\n\n// Registry of internal observers. If WeakMap is not available use current shim\r\n// for the Map collection as it has all required methods and because WeakMap\r\n// can't be fully polyfilled anyway.\r\nvar observers = typeof WeakMap !== 'undefined' ? new WeakMap() : new MapShim();\r\n/**\r\n * ResizeObserver API. Encapsulates the ResizeObserver SPI implementation\r\n * exposing only those methods and properties that are defined in the spec.\r\n */\r\nvar ResizeObserver = /** @class */ (function () {\r\n    /**\r\n     * Creates a new instance of ResizeObserver.\r\n     *\r\n     * @param {ResizeObserverCallback} callback - Callback that is invoked when\r\n     *      dimensions of the observed elements change.\r\n     */\r\n    function ResizeObserver(callback) {\r\n        if (!(this instanceof ResizeObserver)) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('Cannot call a class as a function.');\r\n        }\r\n        if (!arguments.length) {\r\n            throw new TypeError('1 argument required, but only 0 present.');\r\n        }\r\n        var controller = ResizeObserverController.getInstance();\r\n        var observer = new ResizeObserverSPI(callback, controller, this);\r\n        observers.set(this, observer);\r\n    }\r\n    return ResizeObserver;\r\n}());\r\n// Expose public methods of ResizeObserver.\r\n[\r\n    'observe',\r\n    'unobserve',\r\n    'disconnect'\r\n].forEach(function (method) {\r\n    ResizeObserver.prototype[method] = function () {\r\n        var _a;\r\n        return (_a = observers.get(this))[method].apply(_a, arguments);\r\n    };\r\n});\n\nvar index = (function () {\r\n    // Export existing implementation if available.\r\n    if (typeof global$1.ResizeObserver !== 'undefined') {\r\n        return global$1.ResizeObserver;\r\n    }\r\n    return ResizeObserver;\r\n})();\n\nexport default index;\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport ResizeObserver from \"resize-observer-polyfill\"\nimport {\n  NEVER,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  startWith,\n  switchMap,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Element offset\n */\nexport interface ElementSize {\n  width: number                        /* Element width */\n  height: number                       /* Element height */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Resize observer entry subject\n */\nconst entry$ = new Subject<ResizeObserverEntry>()\n\n/**\n * Resize observer observable\n *\n * This observable will create a `ResizeObserver` on the first subscription\n * and will automatically terminate it when there are no more subscribers.\n * It's quite important to centralize observation in a single `ResizeObserver`,\n * as the performance difference can be quite dramatic, as the link shows.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/3iIYfEm - Google Groups on performance\n */\nconst observer$ = defer(() => of(\n  new ResizeObserver(entries => {\n    for (const entry of entries)\n      entry$.next(entry)\n  })\n))\n  .pipe(\n    switchMap(observer => merge(NEVER, of(observer))\n      .pipe(\n        finalize(() => observer.disconnect())\n      )\n    ),\n    shareReplay(1)\n  )\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve element size\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element size\n */\nexport function getElementSize(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): ElementSize {\n  return {\n    width:  el.offsetWidth,\n    height: el.offsetHeight\n  }\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch element size\n *\n * This function returns an observable that subscribes to a single internal\n * instance of `ResizeObserver` upon subscription, and emit resize events until\n * termination. Note that this function should not be called with the same\n * element twice, as the first unsubscription will terminate observation.\n *\n * Sadly, we can't use the `DOMRect` objects returned by the observer, because\n * we need the emitted values to be consistent with `getElementSize`, which will\n * return the used values (rounded) and not actual values (unrounded). Thus, we\n * use the `offset*` properties. See the linked GitHub issue.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/3m0k3he - GitHub issue\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element size observable\n */\nexport function watchElementSize(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<ElementSize> {\n  return observer$\n    .pipe(\n      tap(observer => observer.observe(el)),\n      switchMap(observer => entry$\n        .pipe(\n          filter(({ target }) => target === el),\n          finalize(() => observer.unobserve(el)),\n          map(() => getElementSize(el))\n        )\n      ),\n      startWith(getElementSize(el))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { ElementSize } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve element content size (= scroll width and height)\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element content size\n */\nexport function getElementContentSize(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): ElementSize {\n  return {\n    width:  el.scrollWidth,\n    height: el.scrollHeight\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Retrieve the overflowing container of an element, if any\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Overflowing container or nothing\n */\nexport function getElementContainer(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): HTMLElement | undefined {\n  let parent = el.parentElement\n  while (parent)\n    if (\n      el.scrollWidth <= parent.scrollWidth &&\n      el.scrollHeight <= parent.scrollHeight\n    )\n      parent = (el = parent).parentElement\n    else\n      break\n\n  /* Return overflowing container */\n  return parent ? el : undefined\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  NEVER,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  switchMap,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  getElementContentSize,\n  getElementSize,\n  watchElementContentOffset\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Intersection observer entry subject\n */\nconst entry$ = new Subject<IntersectionObserverEntry>()\n\n/**\n * Intersection observer observable\n *\n * This observable will create an `IntersectionObserver` on first subscription\n * and will automatically terminate it when there are no more subscribers.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/3iIYfEm - Google Groups on performance\n */\nconst observer$ = defer(() => of(\n  new IntersectionObserver(entries => {\n    for (const entry of entries)\n      entry$.next(entry)\n  }, {\n    threshold: 0\n  })\n))\n  .pipe(\n    switchMap(observer => merge(NEVER, of(observer))\n      .pipe(\n        finalize(() => observer.disconnect())\n      )\n    ),\n    shareReplay(1)\n  )\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch element visibility\n *\n * @param el - Element\n *\n * @returns Element visibility observable\n */\nexport function watchElementVisibility(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<boolean> {\n  return observer$\n    .pipe(\n      tap(observer => observer.observe(el)),\n      switchMap(observer => entry$\n        .pipe(\n          filter(({ target }) => target === el),\n          finalize(() => observer.unobserve(el)),\n          map(({ isIntersecting }) => isIntersecting)\n        )\n      )\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Watch element boundary\n *\n * This function returns an observable which emits whether the bottom content\n * boundary (= scroll offset) of an element is within a certain threshold.\n *\n * @param el - Element\n * @param threshold - Threshold\n *\n * @returns Element boundary observable\n */\nexport function watchElementBoundary(\n  el: HTMLElement, threshold = 16\n): Observable<boolean> {\n  return watchElementContentOffset(el)\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ y }) => {\n        const visible = getElementSize(el)\n        const content = getElementContentSize(el)\n        return y >= (\n          content.height - visible.height - threshold\n        )\n      }),\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElement } from \"../element\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Toggle\n */\nexport type Toggle =\n  | \"drawer\"                           /* Toggle for drawer */\n  | \"search\"                           /* Toggle for search */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Toggle map\n */\nconst toggles: Record<Toggle, HTMLInputElement> = {\n  drawer: getElement(\"[data-md-toggle=drawer]\"),\n  search: getElement(\"[data-md-toggle=search]\")\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve the value of a toggle\n *\n * @param name - Toggle\n *\n * @returns Toggle value\n */\nexport function getToggle(name: Toggle): boolean {\n  return toggles[name].checked\n}\n\n/**\n * Set toggle\n *\n * Simulating a click event seems to be the most cross-browser compatible way\n * of changing the value while also emitting a `change` event. Before, Material\n * used `CustomEvent` to programmatically change the value of a toggle, but this\n * is a much simpler and cleaner solution which doesn't require a polyfill.\n *\n * @param name - Toggle\n * @param value - Toggle value\n */\nexport function setToggle(name: Toggle, value: boolean): void {\n  if (toggles[name].checked !== value)\n    toggles[name].click()\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch toggle\n *\n * @param name - Toggle\n *\n * @returns Toggle value observable\n */\nexport function watchToggle(name: Toggle): Observable<boolean> {\n  const el = toggles[name]\n  return fromEvent(el, \"change\")\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => el.checked),\n      startWith(el.checked)\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  filter,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  share\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getActiveElement } from \"../element\"\nimport { getToggle } from \"../toggle\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Keyboard mode\n */\nexport type KeyboardMode =\n  | \"global\"                           /* Global */\n  | \"search\"                           /* Search is open */\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Keyboard\n */\nexport interface Keyboard {\n  mode: KeyboardMode                   /* Keyboard mode */\n  type: string                         /* Key type */\n  claim(): void                        /* Key claim */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Check whether an element may receive keyboard input\n *\n * @param el - Element\n * @param type - Key type\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nfunction isSusceptibleToKeyboard(\n  el: HTMLElement, type: string\n): boolean {\n  switch (el.constructor) {\n\n    /* Input elements */\n    case HTMLInputElement:\n      /* @ts-expect-error - omit unnecessary type cast */\n      if (el.type === \"radio\")\n        return /^Arrow/.test(type)\n      else\n        return true\n\n    /* Select element and textarea */\n    case HTMLSelectElement:\n    case HTMLTextAreaElement:\n      return true\n\n    /* Everything else */\n    default:\n      return el.isContentEditable\n  }\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch keyboard\n *\n * @returns Keyboard observable\n */\nexport function watchKeyboard(): Observable<Keyboard> {\n  return fromEvent<KeyboardEvent>(window, \"keydown\")\n    .pipe(\n      filter(ev => !(ev.metaKey || ev.ctrlKey)),\n      map(ev => ({\n        mode: getToggle(\"search\") ? \"search\" : \"global\",\n        type: ev.key,\n        claim() {\n          ev.preventDefault()\n          ev.stopPropagation()\n        }\n      } as Keyboard)),\n      filter(({ mode, type }) => {\n        if (mode === \"global\") {\n          const active = getActiveElement()\n          if (typeof active !== \"undefined\")\n            return !isSusceptibleToKeyboard(active, type)\n        }\n        return true\n      }),\n      share()\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { Subject } from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve location\n *\n * This function returns a `URL` object (and not `Location`) to normalize the\n * typings across the application. Furthermore, locations need to be tracked\n * without setting them and `Location` is a singleton which represents the\n * current location.\n *\n * @returns URL\n */\nexport function getLocation(): URL {\n  return new URL(location.href)\n}\n\n/**\n * Set location\n *\n * @param url - URL to change to\n */\nexport function setLocation(url: URL): void {\n  location.href = url.href\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch location\n *\n * @returns Location subject\n */\nexport function watchLocation(): Subject<URL> {\n  return new Subject<URL>()\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { JSX as JSXInternal } from \"preact\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * HTML attributes\n */\ntype Attributes =\n  & JSXInternal.HTMLAttributes\n  & JSXInternal.SVGAttributes\n  & Record<string, any>\n\n/**\n * Child element\n */\ntype Child =\n  | HTMLElement\n  | Text\n  | string\n  | number\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Append a child node to an element\n *\n * @param el - Element\n * @param child - Child node(s)\n */\nfunction appendChild(el: HTMLElement, child: Child | Child[]): void {\n\n  /* Handle primitive types (including raw HTML) */\n  if (typeof child === \"string\" || typeof child === \"number\") {\n    el.innerHTML += child.toString()\n\n  /* Handle nodes */\n  } else if (child instanceof Node) {\n    el.appendChild(child)\n\n  /* Handle nested children */\n  } else if (Array.isArray(child)) {\n    for (const node of child)\n      appendChild(el, node)\n  }\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * JSX factory\n *\n * @template T - Element type\n *\n * @param tag - HTML tag\n * @param attributes - HTML attributes\n * @param children - Child elements\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function h<T extends keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap>(\n  tag: T, attributes?: Attributes | null, ...children: Child[]\n): HTMLElementTagNameMap[T]\n\nexport function h<T extends h.JSX.Element>(\n  tag: string, attributes?: Attributes | null, ...children: Child[]\n): T\n\nexport function h<T extends h.JSX.Element>(\n  tag: string, attributes?: Attributes | null, ...children: Child[]\n): T {\n  const el = document.createElement(tag)\n\n  /* Set attributes, if any */\n  if (attributes)\n    for (const attr of Object.keys(attributes)) {\n      if (typeof attributes[attr] === \"undefined\")\n        continue\n\n      /* Set default attribute or boolean */\n      if (typeof attributes[attr] !== \"boolean\")\n        el.setAttribute(attr, attributes[attr])\n      else\n        el.setAttribute(attr, \"\")\n    }\n\n  /* Append child nodes */\n  for (const child of children)\n    appendChild(el, child)\n\n  /* Return element */\n  return el as T\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Namespace\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\nexport declare namespace h {\n  namespace JSX {\n    type Element = HTMLElement\n    type IntrinsicElements = JSXInternal.IntrinsicElements\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Truncate a string after the given number of characters\n *\n * This is not a very reasonable approach, since the summaries kind of suck.\n * It would be better to create something more intelligent, highlighting the\n * search occurrences and making a better summary out of it, but this note was\n * written three years ago, so who knows if we'll ever fix it.\n *\n * @param value - Value to be truncated\n * @param n - Number of characters\n *\n * @returns Truncated value\n */\nexport function truncate(value: string, n: number): string {\n  let i = n\n  if (value.length > i) {\n    while (value[i] !== \" \" && --i > 0) { /* keep eating */ }\n    return `${value.substring(0, i)}...`\n  }\n  return value\n}\n\n/**\n * Round a number for display with repository facts\n *\n * This is a reverse-engineered version of GitHub's weird rounding algorithm\n * for stars, forks and all other numbers. While all numbers below `1,000` are\n * returned as-is, bigger numbers are converted to fixed numbers:\n *\n * - `1,049` => `1k`\n * - `1,050` => `1.1k`\n * - `1,949` => `1.9k`\n * - `1,950` => `2k`\n *\n * @param value - Original value\n *\n * @returns Rounded value\n */\nexport function round(value: number): string {\n  if (value > 999) {\n    const digits = +((value - 950) % 1000 > 99)\n    return `${((value + 0.000001) / 1000).toFixed(digits)}k`\n  } else {\n    return value.toString()\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  filter,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  shareReplay,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getOptionalElement } from \"~/browser\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve location hash\n *\n * @returns Location hash\n */\nexport function getLocationHash(): string {\n  return location.hash.substring(1)\n}\n\n/**\n * Set location hash\n *\n * Setting a new fragment identifier via `location.hash` will have no effect\n * if the value doesn't change. When a new fragment identifier is set, we want\n * the browser to target the respective element at all times, which is why we\n * use this dirty little trick.\n *\n * @param hash - Location hash\n */\nexport function setLocationHash(hash: string): void {\n  const el = h(\"a\", { href: hash })\n  el.addEventListener(\"click\", ev => ev.stopPropagation())\n  el.click()\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch location hash\n *\n * @returns Location hash observable\n */\nexport function watchLocationHash(): Observable<string> {\n  return fromEvent<HashChangeEvent>(window, \"hashchange\")\n    .pipe(\n      map(getLocationHash),\n      startWith(getLocationHash()),\n      filter(hash => hash.length > 0),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Watch location target\n *\n * @returns Location target observable\n */\nexport function watchLocationTarget(): Observable<HTMLElement> {\n  return watchLocationHash()\n    .pipe(\n      map(id => getOptionalElement(`[id=\"${id}\"]`)!),\n      filter(el => typeof el !== \"undefined\")\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  fromEvent,\n  fromEventPattern,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  startWith,\n  switchMap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch media query\n *\n * Note that although `MediaQueryList.addListener` is deprecated we have to\n * use it, because it's the only way to ensure proper downward compatibility.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/3dUBH2m - GitHub issue\n *\n * @param query - Media query\n *\n * @returns Media observable\n */\nexport function watchMedia(query: string): Observable<boolean> {\n  const media = matchMedia(query)\n  return fromEventPattern<boolean>(next => (\n    media.addListener(() => next(media.matches))\n  ))\n    .pipe(\n      startWith(media.matches)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Watch print mode\n *\n * @returns Print observable\n */\nexport function watchPrint(): Observable<boolean> {\n  const media = matchMedia(\"print\")\n  return merge(\n    fromEvent(window, \"beforeprint\").pipe(map(() => true)),\n    fromEvent(window, \"afterprint\").pipe(map(() => false))\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      startWith(media.matches)\n    )\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Toggle an observable with a media observable\n *\n * @template T - Data type\n *\n * @param query$ - Media observable\n * @param factory - Observable factory\n *\n * @returns Toggled observable\n */\nexport function at<T>(\n  query$: Observable<boolean>, factory: () => Observable<T>\n): Observable<T> {\n  return query$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(active => active ? factory() : EMPTY)\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  catchError,\n  from,\n  map,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  switchMap,\n  throwError\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch the given URL\n *\n * If the request fails (e.g. when dispatched from `file://` locations), the\n * observable will complete without emitting a value.\n *\n * @param url - Request URL\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Response observable\n */\nexport function request(\n  url: URL | string, options: RequestInit = { credentials: \"same-origin\" }\n): Observable<Response> {\n  return from(fetch(`${url}`, options))\n    .pipe(\n      catchError(() => EMPTY),\n      switchMap(res => res.status !== 200\n        ? throwError(() => new Error(res.statusText))\n        : of(res)\n      )\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Fetch JSON from the given URL\n *\n * @template T - Data type\n *\n * @param url - Request URL\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Data observable\n */\nexport function requestJSON<T>(\n  url: URL | string, options?: RequestInit\n): Observable<T> {\n  return request(url, options)\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(res => res.json()),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Fetch XML from the given URL\n *\n * @param url - Request URL\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Data observable\n */\nexport function requestXML(\n  url: URL | string, options?: RequestInit\n): Observable<Document> {\n  const dom = new DOMParser()\n  return request(url, options)\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(res => res.text()),\n      map(res => dom.parseFromString(res, \"text/xml\")),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  defer,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  switchMap,\n  take,\n  throwError\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Create and load a `script` element\n *\n * This function returns an observable that will emit when the script was\n * successfully loaded, or throw an error if it didn't.\n *\n * @param src - Script URL\n *\n * @returns Script observable\n */\nexport function watchScript(src: string): Observable<void> {\n  const script = h(\"script\", { src })\n  return defer(() => {\n    document.head.appendChild(script)\n    return merge(\n      fromEvent(script, \"load\"),\n      fromEvent(script, \"error\")\n        .pipe(\n          switchMap(() => (\n            throwError(() => new ReferenceError(`Invalid script: ${src}`))\n          ))\n        )\n    )\n      .pipe(\n        map(() => undefined),\n        finalize(() => document.head.removeChild(script)),\n        take(1)\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Viewport offset\n */\nexport interface ViewportOffset {\n  x: number                            /* Horizontal offset */\n  y: number                            /* Vertical offset */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve viewport offset\n *\n * On iOS Safari, viewport offset can be negative due to overflow scrolling.\n * As this may induce strange behaviors downstream, we'll just limit it to 0.\n *\n * @returns Viewport offset\n */\nexport function getViewportOffset(): ViewportOffset {\n  return {\n    x: Math.max(0, scrollX),\n    y: Math.max(0, scrollY)\n  }\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch viewport offset\n *\n * @returns Viewport offset observable\n */\nexport function watchViewportOffset(): Observable<ViewportOffset> {\n  return merge(\n    fromEvent(window, \"scroll\", { passive: true }),\n    fromEvent(window, \"resize\", { passive: true })\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      map(getViewportOffset),\n      startWith(getViewportOffset())\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Viewport size\n */\nexport interface ViewportSize {\n  width: number                        /* Viewport width */\n  height: number                       /* Viewport height */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve viewport size\n *\n * @returns Viewport size\n */\nexport function getViewportSize(): ViewportSize {\n  return {\n    width:  innerWidth,\n    height: innerHeight\n  }\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch viewport size\n *\n * @returns Viewport size observable\n */\nexport function watchViewportSize(): Observable<ViewportSize> {\n  return fromEvent(window, \"resize\", { passive: true })\n    .pipe(\n      map(getViewportSize),\n      startWith(getViewportSize())\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  combineLatest,\n  map,\n  shareReplay\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  ViewportOffset,\n  watchViewportOffset\n} from \"../offset\"\nimport {\n  ViewportSize,\n  watchViewportSize\n} from \"../size\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Viewport\n */\nexport interface Viewport {\n  offset: ViewportOffset               /* Viewport offset */\n  size: ViewportSize                   /* Viewport size */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch viewport\n *\n * @returns Viewport observable\n */\nexport function watchViewport(): Observable<Viewport> {\n  return combineLatest([\n    watchViewportOffset(),\n    watchViewportSize()\n  ])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([offset, size]) => ({ offset, size })),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  combineLatest,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  map\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Header } from \"~/components\"\n\nimport { getElementOffset } from \"../../element\"\nimport { Viewport } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch viewport relative to element\n *\n * @param el - Element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Viewport observable\n */\nexport function watchViewportAt(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Viewport> {\n  const size$ = viewport$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"size\")\n    )\n\n  /* Compute element offset */\n  const offset$ = combineLatest([size$, header$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => getElementOffset(el))\n    )\n\n  /* Compute relative viewport, return hot observable */\n  return combineLatest([header$, viewport$, offset$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([{ height }, { offset, size }, { x, y }]) => ({\n        offset: {\n          x: offset.x - x,\n          y: offset.y - y + height\n        },\n        size\n      }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  share,\n  switchMap,\n  tap,\n  throttle\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Worker message\n */\nexport interface WorkerMessage {\n  type: unknown                        /* Message type */\n  data?: unknown                       /* Message data */\n}\n\n/**\n * Worker handler\n *\n * @template T - Message type\n */\nexport interface WorkerHandler<\n  T extends WorkerMessage\n> {\n  tx$: Subject<T>                      /* Message transmission subject */\n  rx$: Observable<T>                   /* Message receive observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n *\n * @template T - Worker message type\n */\ninterface WatchOptions<T extends WorkerMessage> {\n  tx$: Observable<T>                   /* Message transmission observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch a web worker\n *\n * This function returns an observable that sends all values emitted by the\n * message observable to the web worker. Web worker communication is expected\n * to be bidirectional (request-response) and synchronous. Messages that are\n * emitted during a pending request are throttled, the last one is emitted.\n *\n * @param worker - Web worker\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Worker message observable\n */\nexport function watchWorker<T extends WorkerMessage>(\n  worker: Worker, { tx$ }: WatchOptions<T>\n): Observable<T> {\n\n  /* Intercept messages from worker-like objects */\n  const rx$ = fromEvent<MessageEvent>(worker, \"message\")\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ data }) => data as T)\n    )\n\n  /* Send and receive messages, return hot observable */\n  return tx$\n    .pipe(\n      throttle(() => rx$, { leading: true, trailing: true }),\n      tap(message => worker.postMessage(message)),\n      switchMap(() => rx$),\n      share()\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { getElement, getLocation } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Feature flag\n */\nexport type Flag =\n  | \"announce.dismiss\"                 /* Dismissable announcement bar */\n  | \"content.code.annotate\"            /* Code annotations */\n  | \"content.lazy\"                     /* Lazy content elements */\n  | \"content.tabs.link\"                /* Link content tabs */\n  | \"header.autohide\"                  /* Hide header */\n  | \"navigation.expand\"                /* Automatic expansion */\n  | \"navigation.indexes\"               /* Section pages */\n  | \"navigation.instant\"               /* Instant loading */\n  | \"navigation.sections\"              /* Section navigation */\n  | \"navigation.tabs\"                  /* Tabs navigation */\n  | \"navigation.tabs.sticky\"           /* Tabs navigation (sticky) */\n  | \"navigation.top\"                   /* Back-to-top button */\n  | \"navigation.tracking\"              /* Anchor tracking */\n  | \"search.highlight\"                 /* Search highlighting */\n  | \"search.share\"                     /* Search sharing */\n  | \"search.suggest\"                   /* Search suggestions */\n  | \"toc.follow\"                       /* Following table of contents */\n  | \"toc.integrate\"                    /* Integrated table of contents */\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Translation\n */\nexport type Translation =\n  | \"clipboard.copy\"                   /* Copy to clipboard */\n  | \"clipboard.copied\"                 /* Copied to clipboard */\n  | \"search.config.lang\"               /* Search language */\n  | \"search.config.pipeline\"           /* Search pipeline */\n  | \"search.config.separator\"          /* Search separator */\n  | \"search.placeholder\"               /* Search */\n  | \"search.result.placeholder\"        /* Type to start searching */\n  | \"search.result.none\"               /* No matching documents */\n  | \"search.result.one\"                /* 1 matching document */\n  | \"search.result.other\"              /* # matching documents */\n  | \"search.result.more.one\"           /* 1 more on this page */\n  | \"search.result.more.other\"         /* # more on this page */\n  | \"search.result.term.missing\"       /* Missing */\n  | \"select.version.title\"             /* Version selector */\n\n/**\n * Translations\n */\nexport type Translations = Record<Translation, string>\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Versioning\n */\nexport interface Versioning {\n  provider: \"mike\"                     /* Version provider */\n  default?: string                     /* Default version */\n}\n\n/**\n * Configuration\n */\nexport interface Config {\n  base: string                         /* Base URL */\n  features: Flag[]                     /* Feature flags */\n  translations: Translations           /* Translations */\n  search: string                       /* Search worker URL */\n  tags?: Record<string, string>        /* Tags mapping */\n  version?: Versioning                 /* Versioning */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve global configuration and make base URL absolute\n */\nconst script = getElement(\"#__config\")\nconst config: Config = JSON.parse(script.textContent!)\nconfig.base = `${new URL(config.base, getLocation())}`\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve global configuration\n *\n * @returns Global configuration\n */\nexport function configuration(): Config {\n  return config\n}\n\n/**\n * Check whether a feature flag is enabled\n *\n * @param flag - Feature flag\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nexport function feature(flag: Flag): boolean {\n  return config.features.includes(flag)\n}\n\n/**\n * Retrieve the translation for the given key\n *\n * @param key - Key to be translated\n * @param value - Positional value, if any\n *\n * @returns Translation\n */\nexport function translation(\n  key: Translation, value?: string | number\n): string {\n  return typeof value !== \"undefined\"\n    ? config.translations[key].replace(\"#\", value.toString())\n    : config.translations[key]\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { getElement, getElements } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Component type\n */\nexport type ComponentType =\n  | \"announce\"                         /* Announcement bar */\n  | \"container\"                        /* Container */\n  | \"consent\"                          /* Consent */\n  | \"content\"                          /* Content */\n  | \"dialog\"                           /* Dialog */\n  | \"header\"                           /* Header */\n  | \"header-title\"                     /* Header title */\n  | \"header-topic\"                     /* Header topic */\n  | \"main\"                             /* Main area */\n  | \"outdated\"                         /* Version warning */\n  | \"palette\"                          /* Color palette */\n  | \"search\"                           /* Search */\n  | \"search-query\"                     /* Search input */\n  | \"search-result\"                    /* Search results */\n  | \"search-share\"                     /* Search sharing */\n  | \"search-suggest\"                   /* Search suggestions */\n  | \"sidebar\"                          /* Sidebar */\n  | \"skip\"                             /* Skip link */\n  | \"source\"                           /* Repository information */\n  | \"tabs\"                             /* Navigation tabs */\n  | \"toc\"                              /* Table of contents */\n  | \"top\"                              /* Back-to-top button */\n\n/**\n * Component\n *\n * @template T - Component type\n * @template U - Reference type\n */\nexport type Component<\n  T extends {} = {},\n  U extends HTMLElement = HTMLElement\n> =\n  T & {\n    ref: U                             /* Component reference */\n  }\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Component type map\n */\ninterface ComponentTypeMap {\n  \"announce\": HTMLElement              /* Announcement bar */\n  \"container\": HTMLElement             /* Container */\n  \"consent\": HTMLElement               /* Consent */\n  \"content\": HTMLElement               /* Content */\n  \"dialog\": HTMLElement                /* Dialog */\n  \"header\": HTMLElement                /* Header */\n  \"header-title\": HTMLElement          /* Header title */\n  \"header-topic\": HTMLElement          /* Header topic */\n  \"main\": HTMLElement                  /* Main area */\n  \"outdated\": HTMLElement              /* Version warning */\n  \"palette\": HTMLElement               /* Color palette */\n  \"search\": HTMLElement                /* Search */\n  \"search-query\": HTMLInputElement     /* Search input */\n  \"search-result\": HTMLElement         /* Search results */\n  \"search-share\": HTMLAnchorElement    /* Search sharing */\n  \"search-suggest\": HTMLElement        /* Search suggestions */\n  \"sidebar\": HTMLElement               /* Sidebar */\n  \"skip\": HTMLAnchorElement            /* Skip link */\n  \"source\": HTMLAnchorElement          /* Repository information */\n  \"tabs\": HTMLElement                  /* Navigation tabs */\n  \"toc\": HTMLElement                   /* Table of contents */\n  \"top\": HTMLAnchorElement             /* Back-to-top button */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Retrieve the element for a given component or throw a reference error\n *\n * @template T - Component type\n *\n * @param type - Component type\n * @param node - Node of reference\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function getComponentElement<T extends ComponentType>(\n  type: T, node: ParentNode = document\n): ComponentTypeMap[T] {\n  return getElement(`[data-md-component=${type}]`, node)\n}\n\n/**\n * Retrieve all elements for a given component\n *\n * @template T - Component type\n *\n * @param type - Component type\n * @param node - Node of reference\n *\n * @returns Elements\n */\nexport function getComponentElements<T extends ComponentType>(\n  type: T, node: ParentNode = document\n): ComponentTypeMap[T][] {\n  return getElements(`[data-md-component=${type}]`, node)\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  startWith,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport { getElement } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Announcement bar\n */\nexport interface Announce {\n  hash: number                        /* Content hash */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch announcement bar\n *\n * @param el - Announcement bar element\n *\n * @returns Announcement bar observable\n */\nexport function watchAnnounce(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Announce> {\n  const button = getElement(\".md-typeset > :first-child\", el)\n  return fromEvent(button, \"click\", { once: true })\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => getElement(\".md-typeset\", el)),\n      map(content => ({ hash: __md_hash(content.innerHTML) }))\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount announcement bar\n *\n * @param el - Announcement bar element\n *\n * @returns Announcement bar component observable\n */\nexport function mountAnnounce(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Component<Announce>> {\n  if (!feature(\"announce.dismiss\") || !el.childElementCount)\n    return EMPTY\n\n  /* Mount component on subscription */\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Announce>()\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        startWith({ hash: __md_get<number>(\"__announce\") })\n      )\n        .subscribe(({ hash }) => {\n          if (hash && hash === (__md_get<number>(\"__announce\") ?? hash)) {\n            el.hidden = true\n\n            /* Persist preference in local storage */\n            __md_set<number>(\"__announce\", hash)\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchAnnounce(el)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Consent\n */\nexport interface Consent {\n  hidden: boolean                      /* Consent is hidden */\n}\n\n/**\n * Consent defaults\n */\nexport interface ConsentDefaults {\n  analytics?: boolean                  /* Consent for Analytics */\n  github?: boolean                     /* Consent for GitHub */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Target observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Target observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch consent\n *\n * @param el - Consent element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Consent observable\n */\nexport function watchConsent(\n  el: HTMLElement, { target$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Consent> {\n  return target$\n    .pipe(\n      map(target => ({ hidden: target !== el }))\n    )\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount consent\n *\n * @param el - Consent element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Consent component observable\n */\nexport function mountConsent(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Consent>> {\n  const internal$ = new Subject<Consent>()\n  internal$.subscribe(({ hidden }) => {\n    el.hidden = hidden\n  })\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return watchConsent(el, options)\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => internal$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => internal$.complete()),\n      map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport ClipboardJS from \"clipboard\"\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  mergeWith,\n  switchMap,\n  take,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  getElementContentSize,\n  watchElementSize,\n  watchElementVisibility\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport { renderClipboardButton } from \"~/templates\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../../_\"\nimport {\n  Annotation,\n  mountAnnotationList\n} from \"../../annotation\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Code block\n */\nexport interface CodeBlock {\n  scrollable: boolean                  /* Code block overflows */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n  print$: Observable<boolean>          /* Media print observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Global sequence number for code blocks\n */\nlet sequence = 0\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Find candidate list element directly following a code block\n *\n * @param el - Code block element\n *\n * @returns List element or nothing\n */\nfunction findCandidateList(el: HTMLElement): HTMLElement | undefined {\n  if (el.nextElementSibling) {\n    const sibling = el.nextElementSibling as HTMLElement\n    if (sibling.tagName === \"OL\")\n      return sibling\n\n    /* Skip empty paragraphs - see https://bit.ly/3r4ZJ2O */\n    else if (sibling.tagName === \"P\" && !sibling.children.length)\n      return findCandidateList(sibling)\n  }\n\n  /* Everything else */\n  return undefined\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch code block\n *\n * This function monitors size changes of the viewport, as well as switches of\n * content tabs with embedded code blocks, as both may trigger overflow.\n *\n * @param el - Code block element\n *\n * @returns Code block observable\n */\nexport function watchCodeBlock(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<CodeBlock> {\n  return watchElementSize(el)\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ width }) => {\n        const content = getElementContentSize(el)\n        return {\n          scrollable: content.width > width\n        }\n      }),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"scrollable\")\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount code block\n *\n * This function ensures that an overflowing code block is focusable through\n * keyboard, so it can be scrolled without a mouse to improve on accessibility.\n * Furthermore, if code annotations are enabled, they are mounted if and only\n * if the code block is currently visible, e.g., not in a hidden content tab.\n *\n * Note that code blocks may be mounted eagerly or lazily. If they're mounted\n * lazily (on first visibility), code annotation anchor links will not work,\n * as they are evaluated on initial page load, and code annotations in general\n * might feel a little bumpier.\n *\n * @param el - Code block element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Code block and annotation component observable\n */\nexport function mountCodeBlock(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<CodeBlock | Annotation>> {\n  const { matches: hover } = matchMedia(\"(hover)\")\n\n  /* Defer mounting of code block - see https://bit.ly/3vHVoVD */\n  const factory$ = defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<CodeBlock>()\n    push$.subscribe(({ scrollable }) => {\n      if (scrollable && hover)\n        el.setAttribute(\"tabindex\", \"0\")\n      else\n        el.removeAttribute(\"tabindex\")\n    })\n\n    /* Render button for Clipboard.js integration */\n    if (ClipboardJS.isSupported()) {\n      const parent = el.closest(\"pre\")!\n      parent.id = `__code_${++sequence}`\n      parent.insertBefore(\n        renderClipboardButton(parent.id),\n        el\n      )\n    }\n\n    /* Handle code annotations */\n    const container = el.closest(\".highlight\")\n    if (container instanceof HTMLElement) {\n      const list = findCandidateList(container)\n\n      /* Mount code annotations, if enabled */\n      if (typeof list !== \"undefined\" && (\n        container.classList.contains(\"annotate\") ||\n        feature(\"content.code.annotate\")\n      )) {\n        const annotations$ = mountAnnotationList(list, el, options)\n\n        /* Create and return component */\n        return watchCodeBlock(el)\n          .pipe(\n            tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n            finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n            map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state })),\n            mergeWith(\n              watchElementSize(container)\n                .pipe(\n                  map(({ width, height }) => width && height),\n                  distinctUntilChanged(),\n                  switchMap(active => active ? annotations$ : EMPTY)\n                )\n            )\n          )\n      }\n    }\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchCodeBlock(el)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n\n  /* Mount code block lazily */\n  if (feature(\"content.lazy\"))\n    return watchElementVisibility(el)\n      .pipe(\n        filter(visible => visible),\n        take(1),\n        switchMap(() => factory$)\n      )\n\n  /* Mount code block */\n  return factory$\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2021 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a tooltip\n *\n * @param id - Tooltip identifier\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderTooltip(id?: string): HTMLElement {\n  return (\n    <div class=\"md-tooltip\" id={id}>\n      <div class=\"md-tooltip__inner md-typeset\"></div>\n    </div>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { renderTooltip } from \"../tooltip\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render an annotation\n *\n * @param id - Annotation identifier\n * @param prefix - Tooltip identifier prefix\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderAnnotation(\n  id: string | number, prefix?: string\n): HTMLElement {\n  prefix = prefix ? `${prefix}_annotation_${id}` : undefined\n\n  /* Render tooltip with anchor, if given */\n  if (prefix) {\n    const anchor = prefix ? `#${prefix}` : undefined\n    return (\n      <aside class=\"md-annotation\" tabIndex={0}>\n        {renderTooltip(prefix)}\n        <a href={anchor} class=\"md-annotation__index\" tabIndex={-1}>\n          <span data-md-annotation-id={id}></span>\n        </a>\n      </aside>\n    )\n  } else {\n    return (\n      <aside class=\"md-annotation\" tabIndex={0}>\n        {renderTooltip(prefix)}\n        <span class=\"md-annotation__index\" tabIndex={-1}>\n          <span data-md-annotation-id={id}></span>\n        </span>\n      </aside>\n    )\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a 'copy-to-clipboard' button\n *\n * @param id - Unique identifier\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderClipboardButton(id: string): HTMLElement {\n  return (\n    <button\n      class=\"md-clipboard md-icon\"\n      title={translation(\"clipboard.copy\")}\n      data-clipboard-target={`#${id} > code`}\n    ></button>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { ComponentChild } from \"preact\"\n\nimport { configuration, feature, translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  SearchDocument,\n  SearchMetadata,\n  SearchResultItem\n} from \"~/integrations/search\"\nimport { h, truncate } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render flag\n */\nconst enum Flag {\n  TEASER = 1,                          /* Render teaser */\n  PARENT = 2                           /* Render as parent */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper function\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a search document\n *\n * @param document - Search document\n * @param flag - Render flags\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nfunction renderSearchDocument(\n  document: SearchDocument & SearchMetadata, flag: Flag\n): HTMLElement {\n  const parent = flag & Flag.PARENT\n  const teaser = flag & Flag.TEASER\n\n  /* Render missing query terms */\n  const missing = Object.keys(document.terms)\n    .filter(key => !document.terms[key])\n    .reduce<ComponentChild[]>((list, key) => [\n      ...list, <del>{key}</del>, \" \"\n    ], [])\n    .slice(0, -1)\n\n  /* Assemble query string for highlighting */\n  const url = new URL(document.location)\n  if (feature(\"search.highlight\"))\n    url.searchParams.set(\"h\", Object.entries(document.terms)\n      .filter(([, match]) => match)\n      .reduce((highlight, [value]) => `${highlight} ${value}`.trim(), \"\")\n    )\n\n  /* Render article or section, depending on flags */\n  const { tags } = configuration()\n  return (\n    <a href={`${url}`} class=\"md-search-result__link\" tabIndex={-1}>\n      <article\n        class={[\"md-search-result__article\", ...parent\n          ? [\"md-search-result__article--document\"]\n          : []\n        ].join(\" \")}\n        data-md-score={document.score.toFixed(2)}\n      >\n        {parent > 0 && <div class=\"md-search-result__icon md-icon\"></div>}\n        <h1 class=\"md-search-result__title\">{document.title}</h1>\n        {teaser > 0 && document.text.length > 0 &&\n          <p class=\"md-search-result__teaser\">\n            {truncate(document.text, 320)}\n          </p>\n        }\n        {document.tags && (\n          <div class=\"md-typeset\">\n            {document.tags.map(tag => {\n              const id = tag.replace(/<[^>]+>/g, \"\")\n              const type = tags\n                ? id in tags\n                  ? `md-tag-icon md-tag-icon--${tags[id]}`\n                  : \"md-tag-icon\"\n                : \"\"\n              return (\n                <span class={`md-tag ${type}`}>{tag}</span>\n              )\n            })}\n          </div>\n        )}\n        {teaser > 0 && missing.length > 0 &&\n          <p class=\"md-search-result__terms\">\n            {translation(\"search.result.term.missing\")}: {...missing}\n          </p>\n        }\n      </article>\n    </a>\n  )\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a search result\n *\n * @param result - Search result\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderSearchResultItem(\n  result: SearchResultItem\n): HTMLElement {\n  const threshold = result[0].score\n  const docs = [...result]\n\n  /* Find and extract parent article */\n  const parent = docs.findIndex(doc => !doc.location.includes(\"#\"))\n  const [article] = docs.splice(parent, 1)\n\n  /* Determine last index above threshold */\n  let index = docs.findIndex(doc => doc.score < threshold)\n  if (index === -1)\n    index = docs.length\n\n  /* Partition sections */\n  const best = docs.slice(0, index)\n  const more = docs.slice(index)\n\n  /* Render children */\n  const children = [\n    renderSearchDocument(article, Flag.PARENT | +(!parent && index === 0)),\n    ...best.map(section => renderSearchDocument(section, Flag.TEASER)),\n    ...more.length ? [\n      <details class=\"md-search-result__more\">\n        <summary tabIndex={-1}>\n          {more.length > 0 && more.length === 1\n            ? translation(\"search.result.more.one\")\n            : translation(\"search.result.more.other\", more.length)\n          }\n        </summary>\n        {...more.map(section => renderSearchDocument(section, Flag.TEASER))}\n      </details>\n    ] : []\n  ]\n\n  /* Render search result */\n  return (\n    <li class=\"md-search-result__item\">\n      {children}\n    </li>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { SourceFacts } from \"~/components\"\nimport { h, round } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render repository facts\n *\n * @param facts - Repository facts\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderSourceFacts(facts: SourceFacts): HTMLElement {\n  return (\n    <ul class=\"md-source__facts\">\n      {Object.entries(facts).map(([key, value]) => (\n        <li class={`md-source__fact md-source__fact--${key}`}>\n          {typeof value === \"number\" ? round(value) : value}\n        </li>\n      ))}\n    </ul>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Tabbed control type\n */\ntype TabbedControlType =\n  | \"prev\"\n  | \"next\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render control for content tabs\n *\n * @param type - Control type\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderTabbedControl(\n  type: TabbedControlType\n): HTMLElement {\n  const classes = `tabbed-control tabbed-control--${type}`\n  return (\n    <div class={classes} hidden>\n      <button class=\"tabbed-button\" tabIndex={-1}></button>\n    </div>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a table inside a wrapper to improve scrolling on mobile\n *\n * @param table - Table element\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderTable(table: HTMLElement): HTMLElement {\n  return (\n    <div class=\"md-typeset__scrollwrap\">\n      <div class=\"md-typeset__table\">\n        {table}\n      </div>\n    </div>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { configuration, translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Version\n */\nexport interface Version {\n  version: string                      /* Version identifier */\n  title: string                        /* Version title */\n  aliases: string[]                    /* Version aliases */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a version\n *\n * @param version - Version\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nfunction renderVersion(version: Version): HTMLElement {\n  const config = configuration()\n\n  /* Ensure trailing slash - see https://bit.ly/3rL5u3f */\n  const url = new URL(`../${version.version}/`, config.base)\n  return (\n    <li class=\"md-version__item\">\n      <a href={`${url}`} class=\"md-version__link\">\n        {version.title}\n      </a>\n    </li>\n  )\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Render a version selector\n *\n * @param versions - Versions\n * @param active - Active version\n *\n * @returns Element\n */\nexport function renderVersionSelector(\n  versions: Version[], active: Version\n): HTMLElement {\n  return (\n    <div class=\"md-version\">\n      <button\n        class=\"md-version__current\"\n        aria-label={translation(\"select.version.title\")}\n      >\n        {active.title}\n      </button>\n      <ul class=\"md-version__list\">\n        {versions.map(renderVersion)}\n      </ul>\n    </div>\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  animationFrameScheduler,\n  auditTime,\n  combineLatest,\n  debounceTime,\n  defer,\n  delay,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  switchMap,\n  take,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap,\n  throttleTime,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  ElementOffset,\n  getActiveElement,\n  getElementSize,\n  watchElementContentOffset,\n  watchElementFocus,\n  watchElementOffset,\n  watchElementVisibility\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Annotation\n */\nexport interface Annotation {\n  active: boolean                      /* Annotation is active */\n  offset: ElementOffset                /* Annotation offset */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch annotation\n *\n * @param el - Annotation element\n * @param container - Containing element\n *\n * @returns Annotation observable\n */\nexport function watchAnnotation(\n  el: HTMLElement, container: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Annotation> {\n  const offset$ = defer(() => combineLatest([\n    watchElementOffset(el),\n    watchElementContentOffset(container)\n  ]))\n    .pipe(\n      map(([{ x, y }, scroll]): ElementOffset => {\n        const { width, height } = getElementSize(el)\n        return ({\n          x: x - scroll.x + width / 2,\n          y: y - scroll.y + height / 2\n        })\n      })\n    )\n\n  /* Actively watch annotation on focus */\n  return watchElementFocus(el)\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(active => offset$\n        .pipe(\n          map(offset => ({ active, offset })),\n          take(+!active || Infinity)\n        )\n      )\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount annotation\n *\n * @param el - Annotation element\n * @param container - Containing element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Annotation component observable\n */\nexport function mountAnnotation(\n  el: HTMLElement, container: HTMLElement, { target$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Annotation>> {\n  const [tooltip, index] = Array.from(el.children)\n\n  /* Mount component on subscription */\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Annotation>()\n    const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n    push$.subscribe({\n\n      /* Handle emission */\n      next({ offset }) {\n        el.style.setProperty(\"--md-tooltip-x\", `${offset.x}px`)\n        el.style.setProperty(\"--md-tooltip-y\", `${offset.y}px`)\n      },\n\n      /* Handle complete */\n      complete() {\n        el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-tooltip-x\")\n        el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-tooltip-y\")\n      }\n    })\n\n    /* Start animation only when annotation is visible */\n    watchElementVisibility(el)\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(visible => {\n          el.toggleAttribute(\"data-md-visible\", visible)\n        })\n\n    /* Toggle tooltip presence to mitigate empty lines when copying */\n    merge(\n      push$.pipe(filter(({ active }) => active)),\n      push$.pipe(debounceTime(250), filter(({ active }) => !active))\n    )\n      .subscribe({\n\n        /* Handle emission */\n        next({ active }) {\n          if (active)\n            el.prepend(tooltip)\n          else\n            tooltip.remove()\n        },\n\n        /* Handle complete */\n        complete() {\n          el.prepend(tooltip)\n        }\n      })\n\n    /* Toggle tooltip visibility */\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        auditTime(16, animationFrameScheduler)\n      )\n        .subscribe(({ active }) => {\n          tooltip.classList.toggle(\"md-tooltip--active\", active)\n        })\n\n    /* Track relative origin of tooltip */\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        throttleTime(125, animationFrameScheduler),\n        filter(() => !!el.offsetParent),\n        map(() => el.offsetParent!.getBoundingClientRect()),\n        map(({ x }) => x)\n      )\n        .subscribe({\n\n          /* Handle emission */\n          next(origin) {\n            if (origin)\n              el.style.setProperty(\"--md-tooltip-0\", `${-origin}px`)\n            else\n              el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-tooltip-0\")\n          },\n\n          /* Handle complete */\n          complete() {\n            el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-tooltip-0\")\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Allow to copy link without scrolling to anchor */\n    fromEvent<MouseEvent>(index, \"click\")\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$),\n        filter(ev => !(ev.metaKey || ev.ctrlKey))\n      )\n        .subscribe(ev => ev.preventDefault())\n\n    /* Allow to open link in new tab or blur on close */\n    fromEvent<MouseEvent>(index, \"mousedown\")\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$),\n        withLatestFrom(push$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(([ev, { active }]) => {\n\n          /* Open in new tab */\n          if (ev.button !== 0 || ev.metaKey || ev.ctrlKey) {\n            ev.preventDefault()\n\n          /* Close annotation */\n          } else if (active) {\n            ev.preventDefault()\n\n            /* Focus parent annotation, if any */\n            const parent = el.parentElement!.closest(\".md-annotation\")\n            if (parent instanceof HTMLElement)\n              parent.focus()\n            else\n              getActiveElement()?.blur()\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Open and focus annotation on location target */\n    target$\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$),\n        filter(target => target === tooltip),\n        delay(125)\n      )\n        .subscribe(() => el.focus())\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchAnnotation(el, container)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  finalize,\n  merge,\n  share,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  getElement,\n  getElements,\n  getOptionalElement\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport { renderAnnotation } from \"~/templates\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../../_\"\nimport {\n  Annotation,\n  mountAnnotation\n} from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n  print$: Observable<boolean>          /* Media print observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Find all annotation markers in the given code block\n *\n * @param container - Containing element\n *\n * @returns Annotation markers\n */\nfunction findAnnotationMarkers(container: HTMLElement): Text[] {\n  const markers: Text[] = []\n  for (const el of getElements(\".c, .c1, .cm\", container)) {\n    const nodes: Text[] = []\n\n    /* Find all text nodes in current element */\n    const it = document.createNodeIterator(el, NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT)\n    for (let node = it.nextNode(); node; node = it.nextNode())\n      nodes.push(node as Text)\n\n    /* Find all markers in each text node */\n    for (let text of nodes) {\n      let match: RegExpExecArray | null\n\n      /* Split text at marker and add to list */\n      while ((match = /(\\(\\d+\\))(!)?/.exec(text.textContent!))) {\n        const [, id, force] = match\n        if (typeof force === \"undefined\") {\n          const marker = text.splitText(match.index)\n          text = marker.splitText(id.length)\n          markers.push(marker)\n\n        /* Replace entire text with marker */\n        } else {\n          text.textContent = id\n          markers.push(text)\n          break\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  return markers\n}\n\n/**\n * Swap the child nodes of two elements\n *\n * @param source - Source element\n * @param target - Target element\n */\nfunction swap(source: HTMLElement, target: HTMLElement): void {\n  target.append(...Array.from(source.childNodes))\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount annotation list\n *\n * This function analyzes the containing code block and checks for markers\n * referring to elements in the given annotation list. If no markers are found,\n * the list is left untouched. Otherwise, list elements are rendered as\n * annotations inside the code block.\n *\n * @param el - Annotation list element\n * @param container - Containing element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Annotation component observable\n */\nexport function mountAnnotationList(\n  el: HTMLElement, container: HTMLElement, { target$, print$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Annotation>> {\n\n  /* Compute prefix for tooltip anchors */\n  const parent = container.closest(\"[id]\")\n  const prefix = parent?.id\n\n  /* Find and replace all markers with empty annotations */\n  const annotations = new Map<string, HTMLElement>()\n  for (const marker of findAnnotationMarkers(container)) {\n    const [, id] = marker.textContent!.match(/\\((\\d+)\\)/)!\n    if (getOptionalElement(`li:nth-child(${id})`, el)) {\n      annotations.set(id, renderAnnotation(id, prefix))\n      marker.replaceWith(annotations.get(id)!)\n    }\n  }\n\n  /* Keep list if there are no annotations to render */\n  if (annotations.size === 0)\n    return EMPTY\n\n  /* Mount component on subscription */\n  return defer(() => {\n    const done$ = new Subject()\n\n    /* Retrieve container pairs for swapping */\n    const pairs: [HTMLElement, HTMLElement][] = []\n    for (const [id, annotation] of annotations)\n      pairs.push([\n        getElement(\".md-typeset\", annotation),\n        getElement(`li:nth-child(${id})`, el)\n      ])\n\n    /* Handle print mode - see https://bit.ly/3rgPdpt */\n    print$\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$.pipe(takeLast(1)))\n      )\n        .subscribe(active => {\n          el.hidden = !active\n\n          /* Show annotations in code block or list (print) */\n          for (const [inner, child] of pairs)\n            if (!active)\n              swap(child, inner)\n            else\n              swap(inner, child)\n        })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return merge(...[...annotations]\n      .map(([, annotation]) => (\n        mountAnnotation(annotation, container, { target$ })\n      ))\n    )\n      .pipe(\n        finalize(() => done$.complete()),\n        share()\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  map,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { watchScript } from \"~/browser\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../../_\"\n\nimport themeCSS from \"./index.css\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mermaid diagram\n */\nexport interface Mermaid {}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mermaid instance observable\n */\nlet mermaid$: Observable<void>\n\n/**\n * Global sequence number for diagrams\n */\nlet sequence = 0\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch Mermaid script\n *\n * @returns Mermaid scripts observable\n */\nfunction fetchScripts(): Observable<void> {\n  return typeof mermaid === \"undefined\" || mermaid instanceof Element\n    ? watchScript(\"https://unpkg.com/mermaid@9.1.7/dist/mermaid.min.js\")\n    : of(undefined)\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount Mermaid diagram\n *\n * @param el - Code block element\n *\n * @returns Mermaid diagram component observable\n */\nexport function mountMermaid(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Component<Mermaid>> {\n  el.classList.remove(\"mermaid\") // Hack: mitigate https://bit.ly/3CiN6Du\n  mermaid$ ||= fetchScripts()\n    .pipe(\n      tap(() => mermaid.initialize({\n        startOnLoad: false,\n        themeCSS,\n        sequence: {\n          actorFontSize: \"16px\", // Hack: mitigate https://bit.ly/3y0NEi3\n          messageFontSize: \"16px\",\n          noteFontSize: \"16px\"\n        }\n      })),\n      map(() => undefined),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n\n  /* Render diagram */\n  mermaid$.subscribe(() => {\n    el.classList.add(\"mermaid\") // Hack: mitigate https://bit.ly/3CiN6Du\n    const id = `__mermaid_${sequence++}`\n    const host = h(\"div\", { class: \"mermaid\" })\n    mermaid.mermaidAPI.render(id, el.textContent, (svg: string) => {\n\n      /* Create a shadow root and inject diagram */\n      const shadow = host.attachShadow({ mode: \"closed\" })\n      shadow.innerHTML = svg\n\n      /* Replace code block with diagram */\n      el.replaceWith(host)\n    })\n  })\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return mermaid$\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => ({ ref: el }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Details\n */\nexport interface Details {\n  action: \"open\" | \"close\"             /* Details state */\n  reveal?: boolean                     /* Details is revealed */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n  print$: Observable<boolean>          /* Media print observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n  print$: Observable<boolean>          /* Media print observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch details\n *\n * @param el - Details element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Details observable\n */\nexport function watchDetails(\n  el: HTMLDetailsElement, { target$, print$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Details> {\n  let open = true\n  return merge(\n\n    /* Open and focus details on location target */\n    target$\n      .pipe(\n        map(target => target.closest(\"details:not([open])\")!),\n        filter(details => el === details),\n        map(() => ({\n          action: \"open\", reveal: true\n        }) as Details)\n      ),\n\n    /* Open details on print and close afterwards */\n    print$\n      .pipe(\n        filter(active => active || !open),\n        tap(() => open = el.open),\n        map(active => ({\n          action: active ? \"open\" : \"close\"\n        }) as Details)\n      )\n  )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount details\n *\n * This function ensures that `details` tags are opened on anchor jumps and\n * prior to printing, so the whole content of the page is visible.\n *\n * @param el - Details element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Details component observable\n */\nexport function mountDetails(\n  el: HTMLDetailsElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Details>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Details>()\n    push$.subscribe(({ action, reveal }) => {\n      el.toggleAttribute(\"open\", action === \"open\")\n      if (reveal)\n        el.scrollIntoView()\n    })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchDetails(el, options)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { Observable, of } from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { renderTable } from \"~/templates\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Data table\n */\nexport interface DataTable {}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Sentinel for replacement\n */\nconst sentinel = h(\"table\")\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount data table\n *\n * This function wraps a data table in another scrollable container, so it can\n * be smoothly scrolled on smaller screen sizes and won't break the layout.\n *\n * @param el - Data table element\n *\n * @returns Data table component observable\n */\nexport function mountDataTable(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Component<DataTable>> {\n  el.replaceWith(sentinel)\n  sentinel.replaceWith(renderTable(el))\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return of({ ref: el })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  animationFrameScheduler,\n  asyncScheduler,\n  auditTime,\n  combineLatest,\n  defer,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  skip,\n  startWith,\n  subscribeOn,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  getElement,\n  getElementContentOffset,\n  getElementContentSize,\n  getElementOffset,\n  getElementSize,\n  getElements,\n  watchElementContentOffset,\n  watchElementSize\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport { renderTabbedControl } from \"~/templates\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Content tabs\n */\nexport interface ContentTabs {\n  active: HTMLLabelElement             /* Active tab label */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch content tabs\n *\n * @param el - Content tabs element\n *\n * @returns Content tabs observable\n */\nexport function watchContentTabs(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<ContentTabs> {\n  const inputs = getElements<HTMLInputElement>(\":scope > input\", el)\n  const initial = inputs.find(input => input.checked) || inputs[0]\n  return merge(...inputs.map(input => fromEvent(input, \"change\")\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => getElement<HTMLLabelElement>(`label[for=\"${input.id}\"]`))\n    )\n  ))\n    .pipe(\n      startWith(getElement<HTMLLabelElement>(`label[for=\"${initial.id}\"]`)),\n      map(active => ({ active }))\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount content tabs\n *\n * This function scrolls the active tab into view. While this functionality is\n * provided by browsers as part of `scrollInfoView`, browsers will always also\n * scroll the vertical axis, which we do not want. Thus, we decided to provide\n * this functionality ourselves.\n *\n * @param el - Content tabs element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Content tabs component observable\n */\nexport function mountContentTabs(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<ContentTabs>> {\n\n  /* Render content tab previous button for pagination */\n  const prev = renderTabbedControl(\"prev\")\n  el.append(prev)\n\n  /* Render content tab next button for pagination */\n  const next = renderTabbedControl(\"next\")\n  el.append(next)\n\n  /* Mount component on subscription */\n  const container = getElement(\".tabbed-labels\", el)\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<ContentTabs>()\n    const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n    combineLatest([push$, watchElementSize(el)])\n      .pipe(\n        auditTime(1, animationFrameScheduler),\n        takeUntil(done$)\n      )\n        .subscribe({\n\n          /* Handle emission */\n          next([{ active }, size]) {\n            const offset = getElementOffset(active)\n            const { width } = getElementSize(active)\n\n            /* Set tab indicator offset and width */\n            el.style.setProperty(\"--md-indicator-x\", `${offset.x}px`)\n            el.style.setProperty(\"--md-indicator-width\", `${width}px`)\n\n            /* Scroll container to active content tab */\n            const content = getElementContentOffset(container)\n            if (\n              offset.x         < content.x              ||\n              offset.x + width > content.x + size.width\n            )\n              container.scrollTo({\n                left: Math.max(0, offset.x - 16),\n                behavior: \"smooth\"\n              })\n          },\n\n          /* Handle complete */\n          complete() {\n            el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-indicator-x\")\n            el.style.removeProperty(\"--md-indicator-width\")\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Hide content tab buttons on borders */\n    combineLatest([\n      watchElementContentOffset(container),\n      watchElementSize(container)\n    ])\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(([offset, size]) => {\n          const content = getElementContentSize(container)\n          prev.hidden = offset.x < 16\n          next.hidden = offset.x > content.width - size.width - 16\n        })\n\n    /* Paginate content tab container on click */\n    merge(\n      fromEvent(prev, \"click\").pipe(map(() => -1)),\n      fromEvent(next, \"click\").pipe(map(() => +1))\n    )\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(direction => {\n          const { width } = getElementSize(container)\n          container.scrollBy({\n            left: width * direction,\n            behavior: \"smooth\"\n          })\n        })\n\n    /* Set up linking of content tabs, if enabled */\n    if (feature(\"content.tabs.link\"))\n      push$.pipe(\n        skip(1),\n        withLatestFrom(viewport$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(([{ active }, { offset }]) => {\n          const tab = active.innerText.trim()\n          if (active.hasAttribute(\"data-md-switching\")) {\n            active.removeAttribute(\"data-md-switching\")\n\n          /* Determine viewport offset of active tab */\n          } else {\n            const y = el.offsetTop - offset.y\n\n            /* Passively activate other tabs */\n            for (const set of getElements(\"[data-tabs]\"))\n              for (const input of getElements<HTMLInputElement>(\n                \":scope > input\", set\n              )) {\n                const label = getElement(`label[for=\"${input.id}\"]`)\n                if (\n                  label !== active &&\n                  label.innerText.trim() === tab\n                ) {\n                  label.setAttribute(\"data-md-switching\", \"\")\n                  input.click()\n                  break\n                }\n              }\n\n            /* Bring active tab into view */\n            window.scrollTo({\n              top: el.offsetTop - y\n            })\n\n            /* Persist active tabs in local storage */\n            const tabs = __md_get<string[]>(\"__tabs\") || []\n            __md_set(\"__tabs\", [...new Set([tab, ...tabs])])\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchContentTabs(el)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n    .pipe(\n      subscribeOn(asyncScheduler)\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { Observable, merge } from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Viewport, getElements } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\nimport { Annotation } from \"../annotation\"\nimport {\n  CodeBlock,\n  Mermaid,\n  mountCodeBlock,\n  mountMermaid\n} from \"../code\"\nimport {\n  Details,\n  mountDetails\n} from \"../details\"\nimport {\n  DataTable,\n  mountDataTable\n} from \"../table\"\nimport {\n  ContentTabs,\n  mountContentTabs\n} from \"../tabs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Content\n */\nexport type Content =\n  | Annotation\n  | ContentTabs\n  | CodeBlock\n  | Mermaid\n  | DataTable\n  | Details\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n  print$: Observable<boolean>          /* Media print observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount content\n *\n * This function mounts all components that are found in the content of the\n * actual article, including code blocks, data tables and details.\n *\n * @param el - Content element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Content component observable\n */\nexport function mountContent(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, target$, print$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Content>> {\n  return merge(\n\n    /* Code blocks */\n    ...getElements(\"pre:not(.mermaid) > code\", el)\n      .map(child => mountCodeBlock(child, { target$, print$ })),\n\n    /* Mermaid diagrams */\n    ...getElements(\"pre.mermaid\", el)\n      .map(child => mountMermaid(child)),\n\n    /* Data tables */\n    ...getElements(\"table:not([class])\", el)\n      .map(child => mountDataTable(child)),\n\n    /* Details */\n    ...getElements(\"details\", el)\n      .map(child => mountDetails(child, { target$, print$ })),\n\n    /* Content tabs */\n    ...getElements(\"[data-tabs]\", el)\n      .map(child => mountContentTabs(child, { viewport$ }))\n  )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  delay,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  switchMap,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElement } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Dialog\n */\nexport interface Dialog {\n  message: string                      /* Dialog message */\n  active: boolean                      /* Dialog is active */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  alert$: Subject<string>              /* Alert subject */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  alert$: Subject<string>              /* Alert subject */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch dialog\n *\n * @param _el - Dialog element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Dialog observable\n */\nexport function watchDialog(\n  _el: HTMLElement, { alert$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Dialog> {\n  return alert$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(message => merge(\n        of(true),\n        of(false).pipe(delay(2000))\n      )\n        .pipe(\n          map(active => ({ message, active }))\n        )\n      )\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount dialog\n *\n * This function reveals the dialog in the right corner when a new alert is\n * emitted through the subject that is passed as part of the options.\n *\n * @param el - Dialog element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Dialog component observable\n */\nexport function mountDialog(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Dialog>> {\n  const inner = getElement(\".md-typeset\", el)\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Dialog>()\n    push$.subscribe(({ message, active }) => {\n      el.classList.toggle(\"md-dialog--active\", active)\n      inner.textContent = message\n    })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchDialog(el, options)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  bufferCount,\n  combineLatest,\n  combineLatestWith,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  filter,\n  map,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  startWith,\n  switchMap,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  watchElementSize,\n  watchToggle\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\nimport { Main } from \"../../main\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Header\n */\nexport interface Header {\n  height: number                       /* Header visible height */\n  hidden: boolean                      /* Header is hidden */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n  main$: Observable<Main>              /* Main area observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Compute whether the header is hidden\n *\n * If the user scrolls past a certain threshold, the header can be hidden when\n * scrolling down, and shown when scrolling up.\n *\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Toggle observable\n */\nfunction isHidden({ viewport$ }: WatchOptions): Observable<boolean> {\n  if (!feature(\"header.autohide\"))\n    return of(false)\n\n  /* Compute direction and turning point */\n  const direction$ = viewport$\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ offset: { y } }) => y),\n      bufferCount(2, 1),\n      map(([a, b]) => [a < b, b] as const),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(0)\n    )\n\n  /* Compute whether header should be hidden */\n  const hidden$ = combineLatest([viewport$, direction$])\n    .pipe(\n      filter(([{ offset }, [, y]]) => Math.abs(y - offset.y) > 100),\n      map(([, [direction]]) => direction),\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n\n  /* Compute threshold for hiding */\n  const search$ = watchToggle(\"search\")\n  return combineLatest([viewport$, search$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([{ offset }, search]) => offset.y > 400 && !search),\n      distinctUntilChanged(),\n      switchMap(active => active ? hidden$ : of(false)),\n      startWith(false)\n    )\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch header\n *\n * @param el - Header element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Header observable\n */\nexport function watchHeader(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Header> {\n  return defer(() => combineLatest([\n    watchElementSize(el),\n    isHidden(options)\n  ]))\n    .pipe(\n      map(([{ height }, hidden]) => ({\n        height,\n        hidden\n      })),\n      distinctUntilChanged((a, b) => (\n        a.height === b.height &&\n        a.hidden === b.hidden\n      )),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount header\n *\n * This function manages the different states of the header, i.e. whether it's\n * hidden or rendered with a shadow. This depends heavily on the main area.\n *\n * @param el - Header element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Header component observable\n */\nexport function mountHeader(\n  el: HTMLElement, { header$, main$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Header>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Main>()\n    const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"active\"),\n        combineLatestWith(header$)\n      )\n        .subscribe(([{ active }, { hidden }]) => {\n          el.classList.toggle(\"md-header--shadow\", active && !hidden)\n          el.hidden = hidden\n        })\n\n    /* Link to main area */\n    main$.subscribe(push$)\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return header$\n      .pipe(\n        takeUntil(done$),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  getElementSize,\n  getOptionalElement,\n  watchViewportAt\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\nimport { Header } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Header\n */\nexport interface HeaderTitle {\n  active: boolean                      /* Header title is active */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch header title\n *\n * @param el - Heading element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Header title observable\n */\nexport function watchHeaderTitle(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<HeaderTitle> {\n  return watchViewportAt(el, { viewport$, header$ })\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ offset: { y } }) => {\n        const { height } = getElementSize(el)\n        return {\n          active: y >= height\n        }\n      }),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"active\")\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount header title\n *\n * This function swaps the header title from the site title to the title of the\n * current page when the user scrolls past the first headline.\n *\n * @param el - Header title element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Header title component observable\n */\nexport function mountHeaderTitle(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<HeaderTitle>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<HeaderTitle>()\n    push$.subscribe(({ active }) => {\n      el.classList.toggle(\"md-header__title--active\", active)\n    })\n\n    /* Obtain headline, if any */\n    const heading = getOptionalElement(\"article h1\")\n    if (typeof heading === \"undefined\")\n      return EMPTY\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchHeaderTitle(heading, options)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  combineLatest,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  map,\n  switchMap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  watchElementSize\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Header } from \"../header\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Main area\n */\nexport interface Main {\n  offset: number                       /* Main area top offset */\n  height: number                       /* Main area visible height */\n  active: boolean                      /* Main area is active */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch main area\n *\n * This function returns an observable that computes the visual parameters of\n * the main area which depends on the viewport vertical offset and height, as\n * well as the height of the header element, if the header is fixed.\n *\n * @param el - Main area element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Main area observable\n */\nexport function watchMain(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Main> {\n\n  /* Compute necessary adjustment for header */\n  const adjust$ = header$\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ height }) => height),\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n\n  /* Compute the main area's top and bottom borders */\n  const border$ = adjust$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(() => watchElementSize(el)\n        .pipe(\n          map(({ height }) => ({\n            top:    el.offsetTop,\n            bottom: el.offsetTop + height\n          })),\n          distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"bottom\")\n        )\n      )\n    )\n\n  /* Compute the main area's offset, visible height and if we scrolled past */\n  return combineLatest([adjust$, border$, viewport$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([header, { top, bottom }, { offset: { y }, size: { height } }]) => {\n        height = Math.max(0, height\n          - Math.max(0, top    - y,  header)\n          - Math.max(0, height + y - bottom)\n        )\n        return {\n          offset: top - header,\n          height,\n          active: top - header <= y\n        }\n      }),\n      distinctUntilChanged((a, b) => (\n        a.offset === b.offset &&\n        a.height === b.height &&\n        a.active === b.active\n      ))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  asyncScheduler,\n  defer,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  mergeMap,\n  observeOn,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  startWith,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElements } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Palette colors\n */\nexport interface PaletteColor {\n  scheme?: string                      /* Color scheme */\n  primary?: string                     /* Primary color */\n  accent?: string                      /* Accent color */\n}\n\n/**\n * Palette\n */\nexport interface Palette {\n  index: number                        /* Palette index */\n  color: PaletteColor                  /* Palette colors */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch color palette\n *\n * @param inputs - Color palette element\n *\n * @returns Color palette observable\n */\nexport function watchPalette(\n  inputs: HTMLInputElement[]\n): Observable<Palette> {\n  const current = __md_get<Palette>(\"__palette\") || {\n    index: inputs.findIndex(input => matchMedia(\n      input.getAttribute(\"data-md-color-media\")!\n    ).matches)\n  }\n\n  /* Emit changes in color palette */\n  return of(...inputs)\n    .pipe(\n      mergeMap(input => fromEvent(input, \"change\")\n        .pipe(\n          map(() => input)\n        )\n      ),\n      startWith(inputs[Math.max(0, current.index)]),\n      map(input => ({\n        index: inputs.indexOf(input),\n        color: {\n          scheme:  input.getAttribute(\"data-md-color-scheme\"),\n          primary: input.getAttribute(\"data-md-color-primary\"),\n          accent:  input.getAttribute(\"data-md-color-accent\")\n        }\n      } as Palette)),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount color palette\n *\n * @param el - Color palette element\n *\n * @returns Color palette component observable\n */\nexport function mountPalette(\n  el: HTMLElement\n): Observable<Component<Palette>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Palette>()\n    push$.subscribe(palette => {\n      document.body.setAttribute(\"data-md-color-switching\", \"\")\n\n      /* Set color palette */\n      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(palette.color))\n        document.body.setAttribute(`data-md-color-${key}`, value)\n\n      /* Toggle visibility */\n      for (let index = 0; index < inputs.length; index++) {\n        const label = inputs[index].nextElementSibling\n        if (label instanceof HTMLElement)\n          label.hidden = palette.index !== index\n      }\n\n      /* Persist preference in local storage */\n      __md_set(\"__palette\", palette)\n    })\n\n    /* Revert transition durations after color switch */\n    push$.pipe(observeOn(asyncScheduler))\n      .subscribe(() => {\n        document.body.removeAttribute(\"data-md-color-switching\")\n      })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    const inputs = getElements<HTMLInputElement>(\"input\", el)\n    return watchPalette(inputs)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport ClipboardJS from \"clipboard\"\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  map,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport { getElement } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Setup options\n */\ninterface SetupOptions {\n  alert$: Subject<string>              /* Alert subject */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Extract text to copy\n *\n * @param el - HTML element\n *\n * @returns Extracted text\n */\nfunction extract(el: HTMLElement): string {\n  el.setAttribute(\"data-md-copying\", \"\")\n  const text = el.innerText\n  el.removeAttribute(\"data-md-copying\")\n  return text\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Set up Clipboard.js integration\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function setupClipboardJS(\n  { alert$ }: SetupOptions\n): void {\n  if (ClipboardJS.isSupported()) {\n    new Observable<ClipboardJS.Event>(subscriber => {\n      new ClipboardJS(\"[data-clipboard-target], [data-clipboard-text]\", {\n        text: el => (\n          el.getAttribute(\"data-clipboard-text\")! ||\n          extract(getElement(\n            el.getAttribute(\"data-clipboard-target\")!\n          ))\n        )\n      })\n        .on(\"success\", ev => subscriber.next(ev))\n    })\n      .pipe(\n        tap(ev => {\n          const trigger = ev.trigger as HTMLElement\n          trigger.focus()\n        }),\n        map(() => translation(\"clipboard.copied\"))\n      )\n        .subscribe(alert$)\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  catchError,\n  defaultIfEmpty,\n  map,\n  of,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration } from \"~/_\"\nimport { getElements, requestXML } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Sitemap, i.e. a list of URLs\n */\nexport type Sitemap = string[]\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Preprocess a list of URLs\n *\n * This function replaces the `site_url` in the sitemap with the actual base\n * URL, to allow instant loading to work in occasions like Netlify previews.\n *\n * @param urls - URLs\n *\n * @returns URL path parts\n */\nfunction preprocess(urls: Sitemap): Sitemap {\n  if (urls.length < 2)\n    return [\"\"]\n\n  /* Take the first two URLs and remove everything after the last slash */\n  const [root, next] = [...urls]\n    .sort((a, b) => a.length - b.length)\n    .map(url => url.replace(/[^/]+$/, \"\"))\n\n  /* Compute common prefix */\n  let index = 0\n  if (root === next)\n    index = root.length\n  else\n    while (root.charCodeAt(index) === next.charCodeAt(index))\n      index++\n\n  /* Remove common prefix and return in original order */\n  return urls.map(url => url.replace(root.slice(0, index), \"\"))\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch the sitemap for the given base URL\n *\n * @param base - Base URL\n *\n * @returns Sitemap observable\n */\nexport function fetchSitemap(base?: URL): Observable<Sitemap> {\n  const cached = __md_get<Sitemap>(\"__sitemap\", sessionStorage, base)\n  if (cached) {\n    return of(cached)\n  } else {\n    const config = configuration()\n    return requestXML(new URL(\"sitemap.xml\", base || config.base))\n      .pipe(\n        map(sitemap => preprocess(getElements(\"loc\", sitemap)\n          .map(node => node.textContent!)\n        )),\n        catchError(() => EMPTY), // @todo refactor instant loading\n        defaultIfEmpty([]),\n        tap(sitemap => __md_set(\"__sitemap\", sitemap, sessionStorage, base))\n      )\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  NEVER,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  bufferCount,\n  catchError,\n  concatMap,\n  debounceTime,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  filter,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  sample,\n  share,\n  skip,\n  skipUntil,\n  switchMap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration, feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  ViewportOffset,\n  getElements,\n  getOptionalElement,\n  request,\n  setLocation,\n  setLocationHash\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport { getComponentElement } from \"~/components\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { fetchSitemap } from \"../sitemap\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * History state\n */\nexport interface HistoryState {\n  url: URL                             /* State URL */\n  offset?: ViewportOffset              /* State viewport offset */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Setup options\n */\ninterface SetupOptions {\n  document$: Subject<Document>         /* Document subject */\n  location$: Subject<URL>              /* Location subject */\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Set up instant loading\n *\n * When fetching, theoretically, we could use `responseType: \"document\"`, but\n * since all MkDocs links are relative, we need to make sure that the current\n * location matches the document we just loaded. Otherwise any relative links\n * in the document could use the old location.\n *\n * This is the reason why we need to synchronize history events and the process\n * of fetching the document for navigation changes (except `popstate` events):\n *\n * 1. Fetch document via `XMLHTTPRequest`\n * 2. Set new location via `history.pushState`\n * 3. Parse and emit fetched document\n *\n * For `popstate` events, we must not use `history.pushState`, or the forward\n * history will be irreversibly overwritten. In case the request fails, the\n * location change is dispatched regularly.\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function setupInstantLoading(\n  { document$, location$, viewport$ }: SetupOptions\n): void {\n  const config = configuration()\n  if (location.protocol === \"file:\")\n    return\n\n  /* Disable automatic scroll restoration */\n  if (\"scrollRestoration\" in history) {\n    history.scrollRestoration = \"manual\"\n\n    /* Hack: ensure that reloads restore viewport offset */\n    fromEvent(window, \"beforeunload\")\n      .subscribe(() => {\n        history.scrollRestoration = \"auto\"\n      })\n  }\n\n  /* Hack: ensure absolute favicon link to omit 404s when switching */\n  const favicon = getOptionalElement<HTMLLinkElement>(\"link[rel=icon]\")\n  if (typeof favicon !== \"undefined\")\n    favicon.href = favicon.href\n\n  /* Intercept internal navigation */\n  const push$ = fetchSitemap()\n    .pipe(\n      map(paths => paths.map(path => `${new URL(path, config.base)}`)),\n      switchMap(urls => fromEvent<MouseEvent>(document.body, \"click\")\n        .pipe(\n          filter(ev => !ev.metaKey && !ev.ctrlKey),\n          switchMap(ev => {\n            if (ev.target instanceof Element) {\n              const el = ev.target.closest(\"a\")\n              if (el && !el.target) {\n                const url = new URL(el.href)\n\n                /* Canonicalize URL */\n                url.search = \"\"\n                url.hash = \"\"\n\n                /* Check if URL should be intercepted */\n                if (\n                  url.pathname !== location.pathname &&\n                  urls.includes(url.toString())\n                ) {\n                  ev.preventDefault()\n                  return of({\n                    url: new URL(el.href)\n                  })\n                }\n              }\n            }\n            return NEVER\n          })\n        )\n      ),\n      share<HistoryState>()\n    )\n\n  /* Intercept history back and forward */\n  const pop$ = fromEvent<PopStateEvent>(window, \"popstate\")\n    .pipe(\n      filter(ev => ev.state !== null),\n      map(ev => ({\n        url: new URL(location.href),\n        offset: ev.state\n      })),\n      share<HistoryState>()\n    )\n\n  /* Emit location change */\n  merge(push$, pop$)\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilChanged((a, b) => a.url.href === b.url.href),\n      map(({ url }) => url)\n    )\n      .subscribe(location$)\n\n  /* Fetch document via `XMLHTTPRequest` */\n  const response$ = location$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"pathname\"),\n      switchMap(url => request(url.href)\n        .pipe(\n          catchError(() => {\n            setLocation(url)\n            return NEVER\n          })\n        )\n      ),\n      share()\n    )\n\n  /* Set new location via `history.pushState` */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      sample(response$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ url }) => {\n        history.pushState({}, \"\", `${url}`)\n      })\n\n  /* Parse and emit fetched document */\n  const dom = new DOMParser()\n  response$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(res => res.text()),\n      map(res => dom.parseFromString(res, \"text/html\"))\n    )\n      .subscribe(document$)\n\n  /* Replace meta tags and components */\n  document$\n    .pipe(\n      skip(1)\n    )\n      .subscribe(replacement => {\n        for (const selector of [\n\n          /* Meta tags */\n          \"title\",\n          \"link[rel=canonical]\",\n          \"meta[name=author]\",\n          \"meta[name=description]\",\n\n          /* Components */\n          \"[data-md-component=announce]\",\n          \"[data-md-component=container]\",\n          \"[data-md-component=header-topic]\",\n          \"[data-md-component=outdated]\",\n          \"[data-md-component=logo]\",\n          \"[data-md-component=skip]\",\n          ...feature(\"navigation.tabs.sticky\")\n            ? [\"[data-md-component=tabs]\"]\n            : []\n        ]) {\n          const source = getOptionalElement(selector)\n          const target = getOptionalElement(selector, replacement)\n          if (\n            typeof source !== \"undefined\" &&\n            typeof target !== \"undefined\"\n          ) {\n            source.replaceWith(target)\n          }\n        }\n      })\n\n  /* Re-evaluate scripts */\n  document$\n    .pipe(\n      skip(1),\n      map(() => getComponentElement(\"container\")),\n      switchMap(el => getElements(\"script\", el)),\n      concatMap(el => {\n        const script = h(\"script\")\n        if (el.src) {\n          for (const name of el.getAttributeNames())\n            script.setAttribute(name, el.getAttribute(name)!)\n          el.replaceWith(script)\n\n          /* Complete when script is loaded */\n          return new Observable(observer => {\n            script.onload = () => observer.complete()\n          })\n\n        /* Complete immediately */\n        } else {\n          script.textContent = el.textContent\n          el.replaceWith(script)\n          return EMPTY\n        }\n      })\n    )\n      .subscribe()\n\n  /* Emit history state change */\n  merge(push$, pop$)\n    .pipe(\n      sample(document$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ url, offset }) => {\n        if (url.hash && !offset) {\n          setLocationHash(url.hash)\n        } else {\n          window.scrollTo(0, offset?.y || 0)\n        }\n      })\n\n  /* Debounce update of viewport offset */\n  viewport$\n    .pipe(\n      skipUntil(push$),\n      debounceTime(250),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"offset\")\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ offset }) => {\n        history.replaceState(offset, \"\")\n      })\n\n  /* Set viewport offset from history */\n  merge(push$, pop$)\n    .pipe(\n      bufferCount(2, 1),\n      filter(([a, b]) => a.url.pathname === b.url.pathname),\n      map(([, state]) => state)\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ offset }) => {\n        window.scrollTo(0, offset?.y || 0)\n      })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport escapeHTML from \"escape-html\"\n\nimport { SearchIndexDocument } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search document\n */\nexport interface SearchDocument extends SearchIndexDocument {\n  parent?: SearchIndexDocument         /* Parent article */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search document mapping\n */\nexport type SearchDocumentMap = Map<string, SearchDocument>\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Create a search document mapping\n *\n * @param docs - Search index documents\n *\n * @returns Search document map\n */\nexport function setupSearchDocumentMap(\n  docs: SearchIndexDocument[]\n): SearchDocumentMap {\n  const documents = new Map<string, SearchDocument>()\n  const parents   = new Set<SearchDocument>()\n  for (const doc of docs) {\n    const [path, hash] = doc.location.split(\"#\")\n\n    /* Extract location, title and tags */\n    const location = doc.location\n    const title    = doc.title\n    const tags     = doc.tags\n\n    /* Escape and cleanup text */\n    const text = escapeHTML(doc.text)\n      .replace(/\\s+(?=[,.:;!?])/g, \"\")\n      .replace(/\\s+/g, \" \")\n\n    /* Handle section */\n    if (hash) {\n      const parent = documents.get(path)!\n\n      /* Ignore first section, override article */\n      if (!parents.has(parent)) {\n        parent.title = doc.title\n        parent.text  = text\n\n        /* Remember that we processed the article */\n        parents.add(parent)\n\n      /* Add subsequent section */\n      } else {\n        documents.set(location, {\n          location,\n          title,\n          text,\n          parent\n        })\n      }\n\n    /* Add article */\n    } else {\n      documents.set(location, {\n        location,\n        title,\n        text,\n        ...tags && { tags }\n      })\n    }\n  }\n  return documents\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport escapeHTML from \"escape-html\"\n\nimport { SearchIndexConfig } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search highlight function\n *\n * @param value - Value\n *\n * @returns Highlighted value\n */\nexport type SearchHighlightFn = (value: string) => string\n\n/**\n * Search highlight factory function\n *\n * @param query - Query value\n *\n * @returns Search highlight function\n */\nexport type SearchHighlightFactoryFn = (query: string) => SearchHighlightFn\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Create a search highlighter\n *\n * @param config - Search index configuration\n * @param escape - Whether to escape HTML\n *\n * @returns Search highlight factory function\n */\nexport function setupSearchHighlighter(\n  config: SearchIndexConfig, escape: boolean\n): SearchHighlightFactoryFn {\n  const separator = new RegExp(config.separator, \"img\")\n  const highlight = (_: unknown, data: string, term: string) => {\n    return `${data}<mark data-md-highlight>${term}</mark>`\n  }\n\n  /* Return factory function */\n  return (query: string) => {\n    query = query\n      .replace(/[\\s*+\\-:~^]+/g, \" \")\n      .trim()\n\n    /* Create search term match expression */\n    const match = new RegExp(`(^|${config.separator})(${\n      query\n        .replace(/[|\\\\{}()[\\]^$+*?.-]/g, \"\\\\$&\")\n        .replace(separator, \"|\")\n    })`, \"img\")\n\n    /* Highlight string value */\n    return value => (\n      escape\n        ? escapeHTML(value)\n        : value\n      )\n        .replace(match, highlight)\n        .replace(/<\\/mark>(\\s+)<mark[^>]*>/img, \"$1\")\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search transformation function\n *\n * @param value - Query value\n *\n * @returns Transformed query value\n */\nexport type SearchTransformFn = (value: string) => string\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Default transformation function\n *\n * 1. Search for terms in quotation marks and prepend a `+` modifier to denote\n *    that the resulting document must contain all terms, converting the query\n *    to an `AND` query (as opposed to the default `OR` behavior). While users\n *    may expect terms enclosed in quotation marks to map to span queries, i.e.\n *    for which order is important, Lunr.js doesn't support them, so the best\n *    we can do is to convert the terms to an `AND` query.\n *\n * 2. Replace control characters which are not located at the beginning of the\n *    query or preceded by white space, or are not followed by a non-whitespace\n *    character or are at the end of the query string. Furthermore, filter\n *    unmatched quotation marks.\n *\n * 3. Trim excess whitespace from left and right.\n *\n * @param query - Query value\n *\n * @returns Transformed query value\n */\nexport function defaultTransform(query: string): string {\n  return query\n    .split(/\"([^\"]+)\"/g)                            /* => 1 */\n      .map((terms, index) => index & 1\n        ? terms.replace(/^\\b|^(?![^\\x00-\\x7F]|$)|\\s+/g, \" +\")\n        : terms\n      )\n      .join(\"\")\n    .replace(/\"|(?:^|\\s+)[*+\\-:^~]+(?=\\s+|$)/g, \"\") /* => 2 */\n    .trim()                                         /* => 3 */\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A RTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { SearchIndex, SearchResult } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search message type\n */\nexport const enum SearchMessageType {\n  SETUP,                               /* Search index setup */\n  READY,                               /* Search index ready */\n  QUERY,                               /* Search query */\n  RESULT                               /* Search results */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Message containing the data necessary to setup the search index\n */\nexport interface SearchSetupMessage {\n  type: SearchMessageType.SETUP        /* Message type */\n  data: SearchIndex                    /* Message data */\n}\n\n/**\n * Message indicating the search index is ready\n */\nexport interface SearchReadyMessage {\n  type: SearchMessageType.READY        /* Message type */\n}\n\n/**\n * Message containing a search query\n */\nexport interface SearchQueryMessage {\n  type: SearchMessageType.QUERY        /* Message type */\n  data: string                         /* Message data */\n}\n\n/**\n * Message containing results for a search query\n */\nexport interface SearchResultMessage {\n  type: SearchMessageType.RESULT       /* Message type */\n  data: SearchResult                   /* Message data */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Message exchanged with the search worker\n */\nexport type SearchMessage =\n  | SearchSetupMessage\n  | SearchReadyMessage\n  | SearchQueryMessage\n  | SearchResultMessage\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Type guard for search setup messages\n *\n * @param message - Search worker message\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nexport function isSearchSetupMessage(\n  message: SearchMessage\n): message is SearchSetupMessage {\n  return message.type === SearchMessageType.SETUP\n}\n\n/**\n * Type guard for search ready messages\n *\n * @param message - Search worker message\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nexport function isSearchReadyMessage(\n  message: SearchMessage\n): message is SearchReadyMessage {\n  return message.type === SearchMessageType.READY\n}\n\n/**\n * Type guard for search query messages\n *\n * @param message - Search worker message\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nexport function isSearchQueryMessage(\n  message: SearchMessage\n): message is SearchQueryMessage {\n  return message.type === SearchMessageType.QUERY\n}\n\n/**\n * Type guard for search result messages\n *\n * @param message - Search worker message\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nexport function isSearchResultMessage(\n  message: SearchMessage\n): message is SearchResultMessage {\n  return message.type === SearchMessageType.RESULT\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A RTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  ObservableInput,\n  Subject,\n  from,\n  map,\n  share\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration, feature, translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport { WorkerHandler, watchWorker } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { SearchIndex } from \"../../_\"\nimport {\n  SearchOptions,\n  SearchPipeline\n} from \"../../options\"\nimport {\n  SearchMessage,\n  SearchMessageType,\n  SearchSetupMessage,\n  isSearchResultMessage\n} from \"../message\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search worker\n */\nexport type SearchWorker = WorkerHandler<SearchMessage>\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Set up search index\n *\n * @param data - Search index\n *\n * @returns Search index\n */\nfunction setupSearchIndex({ config, docs }: SearchIndex): SearchIndex {\n\n  /* Override default language with value from translation */\n  if (config.lang.length === 1 && config.lang[0] === \"en\")\n    config.lang = [\n      translation(\"search.config.lang\")\n    ]\n\n  /* Override default separator with value from translation */\n  if (config.separator === \"[\\\\s\\\\-]+\")\n    config.separator = translation(\"search.config.separator\")\n\n  /* Set pipeline from translation */\n  const pipeline = translation(\"search.config.pipeline\")\n    .split(/\\s*,\\s*/)\n    .filter(Boolean) as SearchPipeline\n\n  /* Determine search options */\n  const options: SearchOptions = {\n    pipeline,\n    suggestions: feature(\"search.suggest\")\n  }\n\n  /* Return search index after defaulting */\n  return { config, docs, options }\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Set up search worker\n *\n * This function creates a web worker to set up and query the search index,\n * which is done using Lunr.js. The index must be passed as an observable to\n * enable hacks like _localsearch_ via search index embedding as JSON.\n *\n * @param url - Worker URL\n * @param index - Search index observable input\n *\n * @returns Search worker\n */\nexport function setupSearchWorker(\n  url: string, index: ObservableInput<SearchIndex>\n): SearchWorker {\n  const config = configuration()\n  const worker = new Worker(url)\n\n  /* Create communication channels and resolve relative links */\n  const tx$ = new Subject<SearchMessage>()\n  const rx$ = watchWorker(worker, { tx$ })\n    .pipe(\n      map(message => {\n        if (isSearchResultMessage(message)) {\n          for (const result of message.data.items)\n            for (const document of result)\n              document.location = `${new URL(document.location, config.base)}`\n        }\n        return message\n      }),\n      share()\n    )\n\n  /* Set up search index */\n  from(index)\n    .pipe(\n      map(data => ({\n        type: SearchMessageType.SETUP,\n        data: setupSearchIndex(data)\n      } as SearchSetupMessage))\n    )\n      .subscribe(tx$.next.bind(tx$))\n\n  /* Return search worker */\n  return { tx$, rx$ }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Subject,\n  catchError,\n  combineLatest,\n  filter,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  of,\n  switchMap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  getElement,\n  getLocation,\n  requestJSON,\n  setLocation\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport { getComponentElements } from \"~/components\"\nimport {\n  Version,\n  renderVersionSelector\n} from \"~/templates\"\n\nimport { fetchSitemap } from \"../sitemap\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Setup options\n */\ninterface SetupOptions {\n  document$: Subject<Document>         /* Document subject */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Set up version selector\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function setupVersionSelector(\n  { document$ }: SetupOptions\n): void {\n  const config = configuration()\n  const versions$ = requestJSON<Version[]>(\n    new URL(\"../versions.json\", config.base)\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      catchError(() => EMPTY) // @todo refactor instant loading\n    )\n\n  /* Determine current version */\n  const current$ = versions$\n    .pipe(\n      map(versions => {\n        const [, current] = config.base.match(/([^/]+)\\/?$/)!\n        return versions.find(({ version, aliases }) => (\n          version === current || aliases.includes(current)\n        )) || versions[0]\n      })\n    )\n\n  /* Intercept inter-version navigation */\n  versions$\n    .pipe(\n      map(versions => new Map(versions.map(version => [\n        `${new URL(`../${version.version}/`, config.base)}`,\n        version\n      ]))),\n      switchMap(urls => fromEvent<MouseEvent>(document.body, \"click\")\n        .pipe(\n          filter(ev => !ev.metaKey && !ev.ctrlKey),\n          withLatestFrom(current$),\n          switchMap(([ev, current]) => {\n            if (ev.target instanceof Element) {\n              const el = ev.target.closest(\"a\")\n              if (el && !el.target && urls.has(el.href)) {\n                const url = el.href\n                // This is a temporary hack to detect if a version inside the\n                // version selector or on another part of the site was clicked.\n                // If we're inside the version selector, we definitely want to\n                // find the same page, as we might have different deployments\n                // due to aliases. However, if we're outside the version\n                // selector, we must abort here, because we might otherwise\n                // interfere with instant loading. We need to refactor this\n                // at some point together with instant loading.\n                //\n                // See https://github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material/issues/4012\n                if (!ev.target.closest(\".md-version\")) {\n                  const version = urls.get(url)!\n                  if (version === current)\n                    return EMPTY\n                }\n                ev.preventDefault()\n                return of(url)\n              }\n            }\n            return EMPTY\n          }),\n          switchMap(url => {\n            const { version } = urls.get(url)!\n            return fetchSitemap(new URL(url))\n              .pipe(\n                map(sitemap => {\n                  const location = getLocation()\n                  const path = location.href.replace(config.base, \"\")\n                  return sitemap.includes(path.split(\"#\")[0])\n                    ? new URL(`../${version}/${path}`, config.base)\n                    : new URL(url)\n                })\n              )\n          })\n        )\n      )\n    )\n      .subscribe(url => setLocation(url))\n\n  /* Render version selector and warning */\n  combineLatest([versions$, current$])\n    .subscribe(([versions, current]) => {\n      const topic = getElement(\".md-header__topic\")\n      topic.appendChild(renderVersionSelector(versions, current))\n    })\n\n  /* Integrate outdated version banner with instant loading */\n  document$.pipe(switchMap(() => current$))\n    .subscribe(current => {\n\n      /* Check if version state was already determined */\n      let outdated = __md_get(\"__outdated\", sessionStorage)\n      if (outdated === null) {\n        const latest = config.version?.default || \"latest\"\n        outdated = !current.aliases.includes(latest)\n\n        /* Persist version state in session storage */\n        __md_set(\"__outdated\", outdated, sessionStorage)\n      }\n\n      /* Unhide outdated version banner */\n      if (outdated)\n        for (const warning of getComponentElements(\"outdated\"))\n          warning.hidden = false\n    })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  combineLatest,\n  delay,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  share,\n  shareReplay,\n  startWith,\n  take,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  getLocation,\n  setToggle,\n  watchElementFocus,\n  watchToggle\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport {\n  SearchMessageType,\n  SearchQueryMessage,\n  SearchWorker,\n  defaultTransform,\n  isSearchReadyMessage\n} from \"~/integrations\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search query\n */\nexport interface SearchQuery {\n  value: string                        /* Query value */\n  focus: boolean                       /* Query focus */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch search query\n *\n * Note that the focus event which triggers re-reading the current query value\n * is delayed by `1ms` so the input's empty state is allowed to propagate.\n *\n * @param el - Search query element\n * @param worker - Search worker\n *\n * @returns Search query observable\n */\nexport function watchSearchQuery(\n  el: HTMLInputElement, { rx$ }: SearchWorker\n): Observable<SearchQuery> {\n  const fn = __search?.transform || defaultTransform\n\n  /* Immediately show search dialog */\n  const { searchParams } = getLocation()\n  if (searchParams.has(\"q\"))\n    setToggle(\"search\", true)\n\n  /* Intercept query parameter (deep link) */\n  const param$ = rx$\n    .pipe(\n      filter(isSearchReadyMessage),\n      take(1),\n      map(() => searchParams.get(\"q\") || \"\")\n    )\n\n  /* Remove query parameter when search is closed */\n  watchToggle(\"search\")\n    .pipe(\n      filter(active => !active),\n      take(1)\n    )\n      .subscribe(() => {\n        const url = new URL(location.href)\n        url.searchParams.delete(\"q\")\n        history.replaceState({}, \"\", `${url}`)\n      })\n\n  /* Set query from parameter */\n  param$.subscribe(value => { // TODO: not ideal - find a better way\n    if (value) {\n      el.value = value\n      el.focus()\n    }\n  })\n\n  /* Intercept focus and input events */\n  const focus$ = watchElementFocus(el)\n  const value$ = merge(\n    fromEvent(el, \"keyup\"),\n    fromEvent(el, \"focus\").pipe(delay(1)),\n    param$\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      map(() => fn(el.value)),\n      startWith(\"\"),\n      distinctUntilChanged(),\n    )\n\n  /* Combine into single observable */\n  return combineLatest([value$, focus$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([value, focus]) => ({ value, focus })),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount search query\n *\n * @param el - Search query element\n * @param worker - Search worker\n *\n * @returns Search query component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearchQuery(\n  el: HTMLInputElement, { tx$, rx$ }: SearchWorker\n): Observable<Component<SearchQuery, HTMLInputElement>> {\n  const push$ = new Subject<SearchQuery>()\n  const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n\n  /* Handle value changes */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"value\"),\n      map(({ value }): SearchQueryMessage => ({\n        type: SearchMessageType.QUERY,\n        data: value\n      }))\n    )\n      .subscribe(tx$.next.bind(tx$))\n\n  /* Handle focus changes */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"focus\")\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ focus }) => {\n        if (focus) {\n          setToggle(\"search\", focus)\n          el.placeholder = \"\"\n        } else {\n          el.placeholder = translation(\"search.placeholder\")\n        }\n      })\n\n  /* Handle reset */\n  fromEvent(el.form!, \"reset\")\n    .pipe(\n      takeUntil(done$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(() => el.focus())\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return watchSearchQuery(el, { tx$, rx$ })\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n      map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state })),\n      share()\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  bufferCount,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  skipUntil,\n  switchMap,\n  take,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom,\n  zipWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { translation } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  getElement,\n  watchElementBoundary\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport {\n  SearchResult,\n  SearchWorker,\n  isSearchReadyMessage,\n  isSearchResultMessage\n} from \"~/integrations\"\nimport { renderSearchResultItem } from \"~/templates\"\nimport { round } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\nimport { SearchQuery } from \"../query\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  query$: Observable<SearchQuery>      /* Search query observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount search result list\n *\n * This function performs a lazy rendering of the search results, depending on\n * the vertical offset of the search result container.\n *\n * @param el - Search result list element\n * @param worker - Search worker\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search result list component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearchResult(\n  el: HTMLElement, { rx$ }: SearchWorker, { query$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<SearchResult>> {\n  const push$ = new Subject<SearchResult>()\n  const boundary$ = watchElementBoundary(el.parentElement!)\n    .pipe(\n      filter(Boolean)\n    )\n\n  /* Retrieve nested components */\n  const meta = getElement(\":scope > :first-child\", el)\n  const list = getElement(\":scope > :last-child\", el)\n\n  /* Wait until search is ready */\n  const ready$ = rx$\n    .pipe(\n      filter(isSearchReadyMessage),\n      take(1)\n    )\n\n  /* Update search result metadata */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      withLatestFrom(query$),\n      skipUntil(ready$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(([{ items }, { value }]) => {\n        if (value) {\n          switch (items.length) {\n\n            /* No results */\n            case 0:\n              meta.textContent = translation(\"search.result.none\")\n              break\n\n            /* One result */\n            case 1:\n              meta.textContent = translation(\"search.result.one\")\n              break\n\n            /* Multiple result */\n            default:\n              meta.textContent = translation(\n                \"search.result.other\",\n                round(items.length)\n              )\n          }\n        } else {\n          meta.textContent = translation(\"search.result.placeholder\")\n        }\n      })\n\n  /* Update search result list */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      tap(() => list.innerHTML = \"\"),\n      switchMap(({ items }) => merge(\n        of(...items.slice(0, 10)),\n        of(...items.slice(10))\n          .pipe(\n            bufferCount(4),\n            zipWith(boundary$),\n            switchMap(([chunk]) => chunk)\n          )\n      ))\n    )\n      .subscribe(result => list.appendChild(\n        renderSearchResultItem(result)\n      ))\n\n  /* Filter search result message */\n  const result$ = rx$\n    .pipe(\n      filter(isSearchResultMessage),\n      map(({ data }) => data)\n    )\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return result$\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n      map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getLocation } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\nimport { SearchQuery } from \"../query\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search sharing\n */\nexport interface SearchShare {\n  url: URL                             /* Deep link for sharing */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  query$: Observable<SearchQuery>      /* Search query observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  query$: Observable<SearchQuery>      /* Search query observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount search sharing\n *\n * @param _el - Search sharing element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search sharing observable\n */\nexport function watchSearchShare(\n  _el: HTMLElement, { query$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<SearchShare> {\n  return query$\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ value }) => {\n        const url = getLocation()\n        url.hash = \"\"\n        url.searchParams.delete(\"h\")\n        url.searchParams.set(\"q\", value)\n        return { url }\n      })\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount search sharing\n *\n * @param el - Search sharing element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search sharing component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearchShare(\n  el: HTMLAnchorElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<SearchShare>> {\n  const push$ = new Subject<SearchShare>()\n  push$.subscribe(({ url }) => {\n    el.setAttribute(\"data-clipboard-text\", el.href)\n    el.href = `${url}`\n  })\n\n  /* Prevent following of link */\n  fromEvent(el, \"click\")\n    .subscribe(ev => ev.preventDefault())\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return watchSearchShare(el, options)\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n      map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  asyncScheduler,\n  combineLatestWith,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  observeOn,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Keyboard } from \"~/browser\"\nimport {\n  SearchResult,\n  SearchWorker,\n  isSearchResultMessage\n} from \"~/integrations\"\n\nimport { Component, getComponentElement } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search suggestions\n */\nexport interface SearchSuggest {}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  keyboard$: Observable<Keyboard>      /* Keyboard observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount search suggestions\n *\n * This function will perform a lazy rendering of the search results, depending\n * on the vertical offset of the search result container.\n *\n * @param el - Search result list element\n * @param worker - Search worker\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search result list component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearchSuggest(\n  el: HTMLElement, { rx$ }: SearchWorker, { keyboard$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<SearchSuggest>> {\n  const push$ = new Subject<SearchResult>()\n\n  /* Retrieve query component and track all changes */\n  const query  = getComponentElement(\"search-query\")\n  const query$ = merge(\n    fromEvent(query, \"keydown\"),\n    fromEvent(query, \"focus\")\n  )\n    .pipe(\n      observeOn(asyncScheduler),\n      map(() => query.value),\n      distinctUntilChanged(),\n    )\n\n  /* Update search suggestions */\n  push$\n    .pipe(\n      combineLatestWith(query$),\n      map(([{ suggestions }, value]) => {\n        const words = value.split(/([\\s-]+)/)\n        if (suggestions?.length && words[words.length - 1]) {\n          const last = suggestions[suggestions.length - 1]\n          if (last.startsWith(words[words.length - 1]))\n            words[words.length - 1] = last\n        } else {\n          words.length = 0\n        }\n        return words\n      })\n    )\n      .subscribe(words => el.innerHTML = words\n        .join(\"\")\n        .replace(/\\s/g, \"&nbsp;\")\n      )\n\n  /* Set up search keyboard handlers */\n  keyboard$\n    .pipe(\n      filter(({ mode }) => mode === \"search\")\n    )\n      .subscribe(key => {\n        switch (key.type) {\n\n          /* Right arrow: accept current suggestion */\n          case \"ArrowRight\":\n            if (\n              el.innerText.length &&\n              query.selectionStart === query.value.length\n            )\n              query.value = el.innerText\n            break\n        }\n      })\n\n  /* Filter search result message */\n  const result$ = rx$\n    .pipe(\n      filter(isSearchResultMessage),\n      map(({ data }) => data)\n    )\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return result$\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n      map(() => ({ ref: el }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  NEVER,\n  Observable,\n  ObservableInput,\n  filter,\n  merge,\n  mergeWith,\n  sample,\n  take\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { configuration } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Keyboard,\n  getActiveElement,\n  getElements,\n  setToggle\n} from \"~/browser\"\nimport {\n  SearchIndex,\n  SearchResult,\n  isSearchQueryMessage,\n  isSearchReadyMessage,\n  setupSearchWorker\n} from \"~/integrations\"\n\nimport {\n  Component,\n  getComponentElement,\n  getComponentElements\n} from \"../../_\"\nimport {\n  SearchQuery,\n  mountSearchQuery\n} from \"../query\"\nimport { mountSearchResult } from \"../result\"\nimport {\n  SearchShare,\n  mountSearchShare\n} from \"../share\"\nimport {\n  SearchSuggest,\n  mountSearchSuggest\n} from \"../suggest\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search\n */\nexport type Search =\n  | SearchQuery\n  | SearchResult\n  | SearchShare\n  | SearchSuggest\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  index$: ObservableInput<SearchIndex> /* Search index observable */\n  keyboard$: Observable<Keyboard>      /* Keyboard observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount search\n *\n * This function sets up the search functionality, including the underlying\n * web worker and all keyboard bindings.\n *\n * @param el - Search element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearch(\n  el: HTMLElement, { index$, keyboard$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Search>> {\n  const config = configuration()\n  try {\n    const url = __search?.worker || config.search\n    const worker = setupSearchWorker(url, index$)\n\n    /* Retrieve query and result components */\n    const query  = getComponentElement(\"search-query\", el)\n    const result = getComponentElement(\"search-result\", el)\n\n    /* Re-emit query when search is ready */\n    const { tx$, rx$ } = worker\n    tx$\n      .pipe(\n        filter(isSearchQueryMessage),\n        sample(rx$.pipe(filter(isSearchReadyMessage))),\n        take(1)\n      )\n        .subscribe(tx$.next.bind(tx$))\n\n    /* Set up search keyboard handlers */\n    keyboard$\n      .pipe(\n        filter(({ mode }) => mode === \"search\")\n      )\n        .subscribe(key => {\n          const active = getActiveElement()\n          switch (key.type) {\n\n            /* Enter: go to first (best) result */\n            case \"Enter\":\n              if (active === query) {\n                const anchors = new Map<HTMLAnchorElement, number>()\n                for (const anchor of getElements<HTMLAnchorElement>(\n                  \":first-child [href]\", result\n                )) {\n                  const article = anchor.firstElementChild!\n                  anchors.set(anchor, parseFloat(\n                    article.getAttribute(\"data-md-score\")!\n                  ))\n                }\n\n                /* Go to result with highest score, if any */\n                if (anchors.size) {\n                  const [[best]] = [...anchors].sort(([, a], [, b]) => b - a)\n                  best.click()\n                }\n\n                /* Otherwise omit form submission */\n                key.claim()\n              }\n              break\n\n            /* Escape or Tab: close search */\n            case \"Escape\":\n            case \"Tab\":\n              setToggle(\"search\", false)\n              query.blur()\n              break\n\n            /* Vertical arrows: select previous or next search result */\n            case \"ArrowUp\":\n            case \"ArrowDown\":\n              if (typeof active === \"undefined\") {\n                query.focus()\n              } else {\n                const els = [query, ...getElements(\n                  \":not(details) > [href], summary, details[open] [href]\",\n                  result\n                )]\n                const i = Math.max(0, (\n                  Math.max(0, els.indexOf(active)) + els.length + (\n                    key.type === \"ArrowUp\" ? -1 : +1\n                  )\n                ) % els.length)\n                els[i].focus()\n              }\n\n              /* Prevent scrolling of page */\n              key.claim()\n              break\n\n            /* All other keys: hand to search query */\n            default:\n              if (query !== getActiveElement())\n                query.focus()\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Set up global keyboard handlers */\n    keyboard$\n      .pipe(\n        filter(({ mode }) => mode === \"global\"),\n      )\n        .subscribe(key => {\n          switch (key.type) {\n\n            /* Open search and select query */\n            case \"f\":\n            case \"s\":\n            case \"/\":\n              query.focus()\n              query.select()\n\n              /* Prevent scrolling of page */\n              key.claim()\n              break\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    const query$  = mountSearchQuery(query, worker)\n    const result$ = mountSearchResult(result, worker, { query$ })\n    return merge(query$, result$)\n      .pipe(\n        mergeWith(\n\n          /* Search sharing */\n          ...getComponentElements(\"search-share\", el)\n            .map(child => mountSearchShare(child, { query$ })),\n\n          /* Search suggestions */\n          ...getComponentElements(\"search-suggest\", el)\n            .map(child => mountSearchSuggest(child, worker, { keyboard$ }))\n        )\n      )\n\n  /* Gracefully handle broken search */\n  } catch (err) {\n    el.hidden = true\n    return NEVER\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  ObservableInput,\n  combineLatest,\n  filter,\n  map,\n  startWith\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getLocation } from \"~/browser\"\nimport {\n  SearchIndex,\n  setupSearchHighlighter\n} from \"~/integrations\"\nimport { h } from \"~/utilities\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search highlighting\n */\nexport interface SearchHighlight {\n  nodes: Map<ChildNode, string>        /* Map of replacements */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  index$: ObservableInput<SearchIndex> /* Search index observable */\n  location$: Observable<URL>           /* Location observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount search highlighting\n *\n * @param el - Content element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Search highlighting component observable\n */\nexport function mountSearchHiglight(\n  el: HTMLElement, { index$, location$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<SearchHighlight>> {\n  return combineLatest([\n    index$,\n    location$\n      .pipe(\n        startWith(getLocation()),\n        filter(url => !!url.searchParams.get(\"h\"))\n      )\n  ])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([index, url]) => setupSearchHighlighter(index.config, true)(\n        url.searchParams.get(\"h\")!\n      )),\n      map(fn => {\n        const nodes = new Map<ChildNode, string>()\n\n        /* Traverse text nodes and collect matches */\n        const it = document.createNodeIterator(el, NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT)\n        for (let node = it.nextNode(); node; node = it.nextNode()) {\n          if (node.parentElement?.offsetHeight) {\n            const original = node.textContent!\n            const replaced = fn(original)\n            if (replaced.length > original.length)\n              nodes.set(node as ChildNode, replaced)\n          }\n        }\n\n        /* Replace original nodes with matches */\n        for (const [node, text] of nodes) {\n          const { childNodes } = h(\"span\", null, text)\n          node.replaceWith(...Array.from(childNodes))\n        }\n\n        /* Return component */\n        return { ref: el, nodes }\n      })\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  animationFrameScheduler,\n  auditTime,\n  combineLatest,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  observeOn,\n  take,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  getElement,\n  getElementContainer,\n  getElementOffset,\n  getElementSize,\n  getElements\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\nimport { Header } from \"../header\"\nimport { Main } from \"../main\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Sidebar\n */\nexport interface Sidebar {\n  height: number                       /* Sidebar height */\n  locked: boolean                      /* Sidebar is locked */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  main$: Observable<Main>              /* Main area observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n  main$: Observable<Main>              /* Main area observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch sidebar\n *\n * This function returns an observable that computes the visual parameters of\n * the sidebar which depends on the vertical viewport offset, as well as the\n * height of the main area. When the page is scrolled beyond the header, the\n * sidebar is locked and fills the remaining space.\n *\n * @param el - Sidebar element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Sidebar observable\n */\nexport function watchSidebar(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, main$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Sidebar> {\n  const parent = el.parentElement!\n  const adjust =\n    parent.offsetTop -\n    parent.parentElement!.offsetTop\n\n  /* Compute the sidebar's available height and if it should be locked */\n  return combineLatest([main$, viewport$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([{ offset, height }, { offset: { y } }]) => {\n        height = height\n          + Math.min(adjust, Math.max(0, y - offset))\n          - adjust\n        return {\n          height,\n          locked: y >= offset + adjust\n        }\n      }),\n      distinctUntilChanged((a, b) => (\n        a.height === b.height &&\n        a.locked === b.locked\n      ))\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount sidebar\n *\n * This function doesn't set the height of the actual sidebar, but of its first\n * child \u2013 the `.md-sidebar__scrollwrap` element in order to mitigiate jittery\n * sidebars when the footer is scrolled into view. At some point we switched\n * from `absolute` / `fixed` positioning to `sticky` positioning, significantly\n * reducing jitter in some browsers (respectively Firefox and Safari) when\n * scrolling from the top. However, top-aligned sticky positioning means that\n * the sidebar snaps to the bottom when the end of the container is reached.\n * This is what leads to the mentioned jitter, as the sidebar's height may be\n * updated too slowly.\n *\n * This behaviour can be mitigiated by setting the height of the sidebar to `0`\n * while preserving the padding, and the height on its first element.\n *\n * @param el - Sidebar element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Sidebar component observable\n */\nexport function mountSidebar(\n  el: HTMLElement, { header$, ...options }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Sidebar>> {\n  const inner = getElement(\".md-sidebar__scrollwrap\", el)\n  const { y } = getElementOffset(inner)\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Sidebar>()\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        auditTime(0, animationFrameScheduler),\n        withLatestFrom(header$)\n      )\n        .subscribe({\n\n          /* Handle emission */\n          next([{ height }, { height: offset }]) {\n            inner.style.height = `${height - 2 * y}px`\n            el.style.top       = `${offset}px`\n          },\n\n          /* Handle complete */\n          complete() {\n            inner.style.height = \"\"\n            el.style.top       = \"\"\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Bring active item into view on initial load */\n    push$\n      .pipe(\n        observeOn(animationFrameScheduler),\n        take(1)\n      )\n        .subscribe(() => {\n          for (const item of getElements(\".md-nav__link--active[href]\", el)) {\n            const container = getElementContainer(item)\n            if (typeof container !== \"undefined\") {\n              const offset = item.offsetTop - container.offsetTop\n              const { height } = getElementSize(container)\n              container.scrollTo({\n                top: offset - height / 2\n              })\n            }\n          }\n        })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchSidebar(el, options)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { Repo, User } from \"github-types\"\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  catchError,\n  defaultIfEmpty,\n  map,\n  zip\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { requestJSON } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { SourceFacts } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * GitHub release (partial)\n */\ninterface Release {\n  tag_name: string                     /* Tag name */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch GitHub repository facts\n *\n * @param user - GitHub user or organization\n * @param repo - GitHub repository\n *\n * @returns Repository facts observable\n */\nexport function fetchSourceFactsFromGitHub(\n  user: string, repo?: string\n): Observable<SourceFacts> {\n  if (typeof repo !== \"undefined\") {\n    const url = `https://api.github.com/repos/${user}/${repo}`\n    return zip(\n\n      /* Fetch version */\n      requestJSON<Release>(`${url}/releases/latest`)\n        .pipe(\n          catchError(() => EMPTY), // @todo refactor instant loading\n          map(release => ({\n            version: release.tag_name\n          })),\n          defaultIfEmpty({})\n        ),\n\n      /* Fetch stars and forks */\n      requestJSON<Repo>(url)\n        .pipe(\n          catchError(() => EMPTY), // @todo refactor instant loading\n          map(info => ({\n            stars: info.stargazers_count,\n            forks: info.forks_count\n          })),\n          defaultIfEmpty({})\n        )\n    )\n      .pipe(\n        map(([release, info]) => ({ ...release, ...info }))\n      )\n\n  /* User or organization */\n  } else {\n    const url = `https://api.github.com/users/${user}`\n    return requestJSON<User>(url)\n      .pipe(\n        map(info => ({\n          repositories: info.public_repos\n        })),\n        defaultIfEmpty({})\n      )\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { ProjectSchema } from \"gitlab\"\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  catchError,\n  defaultIfEmpty,\n  map\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { requestJSON } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { SourceFacts } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch GitLab repository facts\n *\n * @param base - GitLab base\n * @param project - GitLab project\n *\n * @returns Repository facts observable\n */\nexport function fetchSourceFactsFromGitLab(\n  base: string, project: string\n): Observable<SourceFacts> {\n  const url = `https://${base}/api/v4/projects/${encodeURIComponent(project)}`\n  return requestJSON<ProjectSchema>(url)\n    .pipe(\n      catchError(() => EMPTY), // @todo refactor instant loading\n      map(({ star_count, forks_count }) => ({\n        stars: star_count,\n        forks: forks_count\n      })),\n      defaultIfEmpty({})\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport { EMPTY, Observable } from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { fetchSourceFactsFromGitHub } from \"../github\"\nimport { fetchSourceFactsFromGitLab } from \"../gitlab\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Repository facts for repositories\n */\nexport interface RepositoryFacts {\n  stars?: number                       /* Number of stars */\n  forks?: number                       /* Number of forks */\n  version?: string                     /* Latest version */\n}\n\n/**\n * Repository facts for organizations\n */\nexport interface OrganizationFacts {\n  repositories?: number                /* Number of repositories */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Repository facts\n */\nexport type SourceFacts =\n  | RepositoryFacts\n  | OrganizationFacts\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch repository facts\n *\n * @param url - Repository URL\n *\n * @returns Repository facts observable\n */\nexport function fetchSourceFacts(\n  url: string\n): Observable<SourceFacts> {\n\n  /* Try to match GitHub repository */\n  let match = url.match(/^.+github\\.com\\/([^/]+)\\/?([^/]+)?/i)\n  if (match) {\n    const [, user, repo] = match\n    return fetchSourceFactsFromGitHub(user, repo)\n  }\n\n  /* Try to match GitLab repository */\n  match = url.match(/^.+?([^/]*gitlab[^/]+)\\/(.+?)\\/?$/i)\n  if (match) {\n    const [, base, slug] = match\n    return fetchSourceFactsFromGitLab(base, slug)\n  }\n\n  /* Fallback */\n  return EMPTY\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  EMPTY,\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  catchError,\n  defer,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  of,\n  shareReplay,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElement } from \"~/browser\"\nimport { ConsentDefaults } from \"~/components/consent\"\nimport { renderSourceFacts } from \"~/templates\"\n\nimport {\n  Component,\n  getComponentElements\n} from \"../../_\"\nimport {\n  SourceFacts,\n  fetchSourceFacts\n} from \"../facts\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Repository information\n */\nexport interface Source {\n  facts: SourceFacts                   /* Repository facts */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Repository information observable\n */\nlet fetch$: Observable<Source>\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch repository information\n *\n * This function tries to read the repository facts from session storage, and\n * if unsuccessful, fetches them from the underlying provider.\n *\n * @param el - Repository information element\n *\n * @returns Repository information observable\n */\nexport function watchSource(\n  el: HTMLAnchorElement\n): Observable<Source> {\n  return fetch$ ||= defer(() => {\n    const cached = __md_get<SourceFacts>(\"__source\", sessionStorage)\n    if (cached) {\n      return of(cached)\n    } else {\n\n      /* Check if consent is configured and was given */\n      const els = getComponentElements(\"consent\")\n      if (els.length) {\n        const consent = __md_get<ConsentDefaults>(\"__consent\")\n        if (!(consent && consent.github))\n          return EMPTY\n      }\n\n      /* Fetch repository facts */\n      return fetchSourceFacts(el.href)\n        .pipe(\n          tap(facts => __md_set(\"__source\", facts, sessionStorage))\n        )\n    }\n  })\n    .pipe(\n      catchError(() => EMPTY),\n      filter(facts => Object.keys(facts).length > 0),\n      map(facts => ({ facts })),\n      shareReplay(1)\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount repository information\n *\n * @param el - Repository information element\n *\n * @returns Repository information component observable\n */\nexport function mountSource(\n  el: HTMLAnchorElement\n): Observable<Component<Source>> {\n  const inner = getElement(\":scope > :last-child\", el)\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Source>()\n    push$.subscribe(({ facts }) => {\n      inner.appendChild(renderSourceFacts(facts))\n      inner.classList.add(\"md-source__repository--active\")\n    })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchSource(el)\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  of,\n  switchMap,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  watchElementSize,\n  watchViewportAt\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\nimport { Header } from \"../header\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Navigation tabs\n */\nexport interface Tabs {\n  hidden: boolean                      /* Navigation tabs are hidden */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch navigation tabs\n *\n * @param el - Navigation tabs element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Navigation tabs observable\n */\nexport function watchTabs(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<Tabs> {\n  return watchElementSize(document.body)\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(() => watchViewportAt(el, { header$, viewport$ })),\n      map(({ offset: { y } }) => {\n        return {\n          hidden: y >= 10\n        }\n      }),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"hidden\")\n    )\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount navigation tabs\n *\n * This function hides the navigation tabs when scrolling past the threshold\n * and makes them reappear in a nice CSS animation when scrolling back up.\n *\n * @param el - Navigation tabs element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Navigation tabs component observable\n */\nexport function mountTabs(\n  el: HTMLElement, options: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<Tabs>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<Tabs>()\n    push$.subscribe({\n\n      /* Handle emission */\n      next({ hidden }) {\n        el.hidden = hidden\n      },\n\n      /* Handle complete */\n      complete() {\n        el.hidden = false\n      }\n    })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return (\n      feature(\"navigation.tabs.sticky\")\n        ? of({ hidden: false })\n        : watchTabs(el, options)\n    )\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  bufferCount,\n  combineLatestWith,\n  debounceTime,\n  defer,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  merge,\n  of,\n  repeat,\n  scan,\n  share,\n  skip,\n  startWith,\n  switchMap,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { feature } from \"~/_\"\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  getElement,\n  getElementContainer,\n  getElementSize,\n  getElements,\n  getLocation,\n  getOptionalElement,\n  watchElementSize\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport {\n  Component,\n  getComponentElement\n} from \"../_\"\nimport { Header } from \"../header\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Table of contents\n */\nexport interface TableOfContents {\n  prev: HTMLAnchorElement[][]          /* Anchors (previous) */\n  next: HTMLAnchorElement[][]          /* Anchors (next) */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch table of contents\n *\n * This is effectively a scroll spy implementation which will account for the\n * fixed header and automatically re-calculate anchor offsets when the viewport\n * is resized. The returned observable will only emit if the table of contents\n * needs to be repainted.\n *\n * This implementation tracks an anchor element's entire path starting from its\n * level up to the top-most anchor element, e.g. `[h3, h2, h1]`. Although the\n * Material theme currently doesn't make use of this information, it enables\n * the styling of the entire hierarchy through customization.\n *\n * Note that the current anchor is the last item of the `prev` anchor list.\n *\n * @param el - Table of contents element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Table of contents observable\n */\nexport function watchTableOfContents(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<TableOfContents> {\n  const table = new Map<HTMLAnchorElement, HTMLElement>()\n\n  /* Compute anchor-to-target mapping */\n  const anchors = getElements<HTMLAnchorElement>(\"[href^=\\\\#]\", el)\n  for (const anchor of anchors) {\n    const id = decodeURIComponent(anchor.hash.substring(1))\n    const target = getOptionalElement(`[id=\"${id}\"]`)\n    if (typeof target !== \"undefined\")\n      table.set(anchor, target)\n  }\n\n  /* Compute necessary adjustment for header */\n  const adjust$ = header$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"height\"),\n      map(({ height }) => {\n        const main = getComponentElement(\"main\")\n        const grid = getElement(\":scope > :first-child\", main)\n        return height + 0.8 * (\n          grid.offsetTop -\n          main.offsetTop\n        )\n      }),\n      share()\n    )\n\n  /* Compute partition of previous and next anchors */\n  const partition$ = watchElementSize(document.body)\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"height\"),\n\n      /* Build index to map anchor paths to vertical offsets */\n      switchMap(body => defer(() => {\n        let path: HTMLAnchorElement[] = []\n        return of([...table].reduce((index, [anchor, target]) => {\n          while (path.length) {\n            const last = table.get(path[path.length - 1])!\n            if (last.tagName >= target.tagName) {\n              path.pop()\n            } else {\n              break\n            }\n          }\n\n          /* If the current anchor is hidden, continue with its parent */\n          let offset = target.offsetTop\n          while (!offset && target.parentElement) {\n            target = target.parentElement\n            offset = target.offsetTop\n          }\n\n          /* Map reversed anchor path to vertical offset */\n          return index.set(\n            [...path = [...path, anchor]].reverse(),\n            offset\n          )\n        }, new Map<HTMLAnchorElement[], number>()))\n      })\n        .pipe(\n\n          /* Sort index by vertical offset (see https://bit.ly/30z6QSO) */\n          map(index => new Map([...index].sort(([, a], [, b]) => a - b))),\n          combineLatestWith(adjust$),\n\n          /* Re-compute partition when viewport offset changes */\n          switchMap(([index, adjust]) => viewport$\n            .pipe(\n              scan(([prev, next], { offset: { y }, size }) => {\n                const last = y + size.height >= Math.floor(body.height)\n\n                /* Look forward */\n                while (next.length) {\n                  const [, offset] = next[0]\n                  if (offset - adjust < y || last) {\n                    prev = [...prev, next.shift()!]\n                  } else {\n                    break\n                  }\n                }\n\n                /* Look backward */\n                while (prev.length) {\n                  const [, offset] = prev[prev.length - 1]\n                  if (offset - adjust >= y && !last) {\n                    next = [prev.pop()!, ...next]\n                  } else {\n                    break\n                  }\n                }\n\n                /* Return partition */\n                return [prev, next]\n              }, [[], [...index]]),\n              distinctUntilChanged((a, b) => (\n                a[0] === b[0] &&\n                a[1] === b[1]\n              ))\n            )\n          )\n        )\n      )\n    )\n\n  /* Compute and return anchor list migrations */\n  return partition$\n    .pipe(\n      map(([prev, next]) => ({\n        prev: prev.map(([path]) => path),\n        next: next.map(([path]) => path)\n      })),\n\n      /* Extract anchor list migrations */\n      startWith({ prev: [], next: [] }),\n      bufferCount(2, 1),\n      map(([a, b]) => {\n\n        /* Moving down */\n        if (a.prev.length < b.prev.length) {\n          return {\n            prev: b.prev.slice(Math.max(0, a.prev.length - 1), b.prev.length),\n            next: []\n          }\n\n        /* Moving up */\n        } else {\n          return {\n            prev: b.prev.slice(-1),\n            next: b.next.slice(0, b.next.length - a.next.length)\n          }\n        }\n      })\n    )\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount table of contents\n *\n * @param el - Table of contents element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Table of contents component observable\n */\nexport function mountTableOfContents(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$, target$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<TableOfContents>> {\n  return defer(() => {\n    const push$ = new Subject<TableOfContents>()\n    const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n    push$.subscribe(({ prev, next }) => {\n\n      /* Look forward */\n      for (const [anchor] of next) {\n        anchor.classList.remove(\"md-nav__link--passed\")\n        anchor.classList.remove(\"md-nav__link--active\")\n      }\n\n      /* Look backward */\n      for (const [index, [anchor]] of prev.entries()) {\n        anchor.classList.add(\"md-nav__link--passed\")\n        anchor.classList.toggle(\n          \"md-nav__link--active\",\n          index === prev.length - 1\n        )\n      }\n    })\n\n    /* Set up following, if enabled */\n    if (feature(\"toc.follow\")) {\n\n      /* Toggle smooth scrolling only for anchor clicks */\n      const smooth$ = merge(\n        viewport$.pipe(debounceTime(1), map(() => undefined)),\n        viewport$.pipe(debounceTime(250), map(() => \"smooth\" as const))\n      )\n\n      /* Bring active anchor into view */\n      push$\n        .pipe(\n          filter(({ prev }) => prev.length > 0),\n          withLatestFrom(smooth$)\n        )\n          .subscribe(([{ prev }, behavior]) => {\n            const [anchor] = prev[prev.length - 1]\n            if (anchor.offsetHeight) {\n\n              /* Retrieve overflowing container and scroll */\n              const container = getElementContainer(anchor)\n              if (typeof container !== \"undefined\") {\n                const offset = anchor.offsetTop - container.offsetTop\n                const { height } = getElementSize(container)\n                container.scrollTo({\n                  top: offset - height / 2,\n                  behavior\n                })\n              }\n            }\n          })\n    }\n\n    /* Set up anchor tracking, if enabled */\n    if (feature(\"navigation.tracking\"))\n      viewport$\n        .pipe(\n          takeUntil(done$),\n          distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"offset\"),\n          debounceTime(250),\n          skip(1),\n          takeUntil(target$.pipe(skip(1))),\n          repeat({ delay: 250 }),\n          withLatestFrom(push$)\n        )\n          .subscribe(([, { prev }]) => {\n            const url = getLocation()\n\n            /* Set hash fragment to active anchor */\n            const anchor = prev[prev.length - 1]\n            if (anchor && anchor.length) {\n              const [active] = anchor\n              const { hash } = new URL(active.href)\n              if (url.hash !== hash) {\n                url.hash = hash\n                history.replaceState({}, \"\", `${url}`)\n              }\n\n            /* Reset anchor when at the top */\n            } else {\n              url.hash = \"\"\n              history.replaceState({}, \"\", `${url}`)\n            }\n          })\n\n    /* Create and return component */\n    return watchTableOfContents(el, { viewport$, header$ })\n      .pipe(\n        tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n        finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n        map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n      )\n  })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  Subject,\n  bufferCount,\n  combineLatest,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  distinctUntilKeyChanged,\n  endWith,\n  finalize,\n  map,\n  repeat,\n  skip,\n  takeLast,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { Viewport } from \"~/browser\"\n\nimport { Component } from \"../_\"\nimport { Header } from \"../header\"\nimport { Main } from \"../main\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Back-to-top button\n */\nexport interface BackToTop {\n  hidden: boolean                      /* Back-to-top button is hidden */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch options\n */\ninterface WatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  main$: Observable<Main>              /* Main area observable */\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n}\n\n/**\n * Mount options\n */\ninterface MountOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  header$: Observable<Header>          /* Header observable */\n  main$: Observable<Main>              /* Main area observable */\n  target$: Observable<HTMLElement>     /* Location target observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Watch back-to-top\n *\n * @param _el - Back-to-top element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Back-to-top observable\n */\nexport function watchBackToTop(\n  _el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, main$, target$ }: WatchOptions\n): Observable<BackToTop> {\n\n  /* Compute direction */\n  const direction$ = viewport$\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ offset: { y } }) => y),\n      bufferCount(2, 1),\n      map(([a, b]) => a > b && b > 0),\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n\n  /* Compute whether main area is active */\n  const active$ = main$\n    .pipe(\n      map(({ active }) => active)\n    )\n\n  /* Compute threshold for hiding */\n  return combineLatest([active$, direction$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([active, direction]) => !(active && direction)),\n      distinctUntilChanged(),\n      takeUntil(target$.pipe(skip(1))),\n      endWith(true),\n      repeat({ delay: 250 }),\n      map(hidden => ({ hidden }))\n    )\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Mount back-to-top\n *\n * @param el - Back-to-top element\n * @param options - Options\n *\n * @returns Back-to-top component observable\n */\nexport function mountBackToTop(\n  el: HTMLElement, { viewport$, header$, main$, target$ }: MountOptions\n): Observable<Component<BackToTop>> {\n  const push$ = new Subject<BackToTop>()\n  const done$ = push$.pipe(takeLast(1))\n  push$.subscribe({\n\n    /* Handle emission */\n    next({ hidden }) {\n      el.hidden = hidden\n      if (hidden) {\n        el.setAttribute(\"tabindex\", \"-1\")\n        el.blur()\n      } else {\n        el.removeAttribute(\"tabindex\")\n      }\n    },\n\n    /* Handle complete */\n    complete() {\n      el.style.top = \"\"\n      el.hidden = true\n      el.removeAttribute(\"tabindex\")\n    }\n  })\n\n  /* Watch header height */\n  header$\n    .pipe(\n      takeUntil(done$),\n      distinctUntilKeyChanged(\"height\")\n    )\n      .subscribe(({ height }) => {\n        el.style.top = `${height + 16}px`\n      })\n\n  /* Create and return component */\n  return watchBackToTop(el, { viewport$, main$, target$ })\n    .pipe(\n      tap(state => push$.next(state)),\n      finalize(() => push$.complete()),\n      map(state => ({ ref: el, ...state }))\n    )\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  mergeMap,\n  switchMap,\n  takeWhile,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElements } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch options\n */\ninterface PatchOptions {\n  document$: Observable<Document>      /* Document observable */\n  tablet$: Observable<boolean>         /* Media tablet observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch indeterminate checkboxes\n *\n * This function replaces the indeterminate \"pseudo state\" with the actual\n * indeterminate state, which is used to keep navigation always expanded.\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function patchIndeterminate(\n  { document$, tablet$ }: PatchOptions\n): void {\n  document$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(() => getElements<HTMLInputElement>(\n        // @todo `data-md-state` is deprecated and removed in v9\n        \".md-toggle--indeterminate, [data-md-state=indeterminate]\"\n      )),\n      tap(el => {\n        el.indeterminate = true\n        el.checked = false\n      }),\n      mergeMap(el => fromEvent(el, \"change\")\n        .pipe(\n          takeWhile(() => el.classList.contains(\"md-toggle--indeterminate\")),\n          map(() => el)\n        )\n      ),\n      withLatestFrom(tablet$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(([el, tablet]) => {\n        el.classList.remove(\"md-toggle--indeterminate\")\n        if (tablet)\n          el.checked = false\n      })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  filter,\n  fromEvent,\n  map,\n  mergeMap,\n  switchMap,\n  tap\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport { getElements } from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch options\n */\ninterface PatchOptions {\n  document$: Observable<Document>      /* Document observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Check whether the given device is an Apple device\n *\n * @returns Test result\n */\nfunction isAppleDevice(): boolean {\n  return /(iPad|iPhone|iPod)/.test(navigator.userAgent)\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch all elements with `data-md-scrollfix` attributes\n *\n * This is a year-old patch which ensures that overflow scrolling works at the\n * top and bottom of containers on iOS by ensuring a `1px` scroll offset upon\n * the start of a touch event.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/2SCtAOO - Original source\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function patchScrollfix(\n  { document$ }: PatchOptions\n): void {\n  document$\n    .pipe(\n      switchMap(() => getElements(\"[data-md-scrollfix]\")),\n      tap(el => el.removeAttribute(\"data-md-scrollfix\")),\n      filter(isAppleDevice),\n      mergeMap(el => fromEvent(el, \"touchstart\")\n        .pipe(\n          map(() => el)\n        )\n      )\n    )\n      .subscribe(el => {\n        const top = el.scrollTop\n\n        /* We're at the top of the container */\n        if (top === 0) {\n          el.scrollTop = 1\n\n        /* We're at the bottom of the container */\n        } else if (top + el.offsetHeight === el.scrollHeight) {\n          el.scrollTop = top - 1\n        }\n      })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  Observable,\n  combineLatest,\n  delay,\n  map,\n  of,\n  switchMap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\nimport {\n  Viewport,\n  watchToggle\n} from \"~/browser\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch options\n */\ninterface PatchOptions {\n  viewport$: Observable<Viewport>      /* Viewport observable */\n  tablet$: Observable<boolean>         /* Media tablet observable */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Patch the document body to lock when search is open\n *\n * For mobile and tablet viewports, the search is rendered full screen, which\n * leads to scroll leaking when at the top or bottom of the search result. This\n * function locks the body when the search is in full screen mode, and restores\n * the scroll position when leaving.\n *\n * @param options - Options\n */\nexport function patchScrolllock(\n  { viewport$, tablet$ }: PatchOptions\n): void {\n  combineLatest([watchToggle(\"search\"), tablet$])\n    .pipe(\n      map(([active, tablet]) => active && !tablet),\n      switchMap(active => of(active)\n        .pipe(\n          delay(active ? 400 : 100)\n        )\n      ),\n      withLatestFrom(viewport$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(([active, { offset: { y }}]) => {\n        if (active) {\n          document.body.setAttribute(\"data-md-scrolllock\", \"\")\n          document.body.style.top = `-${y}px`\n        } else {\n          const value = -1 * parseInt(document.body.style.top, 10)\n          document.body.removeAttribute(\"data-md-scrolllock\")\n          document.body.style.top = \"\"\n          if (value)\n            window.scrollTo(0, value)\n        }\n      })\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Polyfills\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Polyfill `Object.entries` */\nif (!Object.entries)\n  Object.entries = function (obj: object) {\n    const data: [string, string][] = []\n    for (const key of Object.keys(obj))\n      // @ts-expect-error - ignore property access warning\n      data.push([key, obj[key]])\n\n    /* Return entries */\n    return data\n  }\n\n/* Polyfill `Object.values` */\nif (!Object.values)\n  Object.values = function (obj: object) {\n    const data: string[] = []\n    for (const key of Object.keys(obj))\n      // @ts-expect-error - ignore property access warning\n      data.push(obj[key])\n\n    /* Return values */\n    return data\n  }\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Polyfills for `Element` */\nif (typeof Element !== \"undefined\") {\n\n  /* Polyfill `Element.scrollTo` */\n  if (!Element.prototype.scrollTo)\n    Element.prototype.scrollTo = function (\n      x?: ScrollToOptions | number, y?: number\n    ): void {\n      if (typeof x === \"object\") {\n        this.scrollLeft = x.left!\n        this.scrollTop = x.top!\n      } else {\n        this.scrollLeft = x!\n        this.scrollTop = y!\n      }\n    }\n\n  /* Polyfill `Element.replaceWith` */\n  if (!Element.prototype.replaceWith)\n    Element.prototype.replaceWith = function (\n      ...nodes: Array<string | Node>\n    ): void {\n      const parent = this.parentNode\n      if (parent) {\n        if (nodes.length === 0)\n          parent.removeChild(this)\n\n        /* Replace children and create text nodes */\n        for (let i = nodes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n          let node = nodes[i]\n          if (typeof node === \"string\")\n            node = document.createTextNode(node)\n          else if (node.parentNode)\n            node.parentNode.removeChild(node)\n\n          /* Replace child or insert before previous sibling */\n          if (!i)\n            parent.replaceChild(node, this)\n          else\n            parent.insertBefore(this.previousSibling!, node)\n        }\n      }\n    }\n}\n"],
+  "mappings": 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new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48b752cd
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new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24f36746
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+  "sourcesContent": ["/*! *****************************************************************************\r\nCopyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.\r\n\r\nPermission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any\r\npurpose with or without fee is hereby granted.\r\n\r\nTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH\r\nREGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY\r\nAND FITNESS. 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(this.v = v, this) : new __await(v);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __asyncGenerator = function (thisArg, _arguments, generator) {\r\n        if (!Symbol.asyncIterator) throw new TypeError(\"Symbol.asyncIterator is not defined.\");\r\n        var g = generator.apply(thisArg, _arguments || []), i, q = [];\r\n        return i = {}, verb(\"next\"), verb(\"throw\"), verb(\"return\"), i[Symbol.asyncIterator] = function () { return this; }, i;\r\n        function verb(n) { if (g[n]) i[n] = function (v) { return new Promise(function (a, b) { q.push([n, v, a, b]) > 1 || resume(n, v); }); }; }\r\n        function resume(n, v) { try { step(g[n](v)); } catch (e) { settle(q[0][3], e); } }\r\n        function step(r) { r.value instanceof __await ? Promise.resolve(r.value.v).then(fulfill, reject) : settle(q[0][2], r);  }\r\n        function fulfill(value) { resume(\"next\", value); }\r\n        function reject(value) { resume(\"throw\", value); }\r\n        function settle(f, v) { if (f(v), q.shift(), q.length) resume(q[0][0], q[0][1]); }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __asyncDelegator = function (o) {\r\n        var i, p;\r\n        return i = {}, verb(\"next\"), verb(\"throw\", function (e) { throw e; }), verb(\"return\"), i[Symbol.iterator] = function () { return this; }, i;\r\n        function verb(n, f) { i[n] = o[n] ? function (v) { return (p = !p) ? { value: __await(o[n](v)), done: n === \"return\" } : f ? f(v) : v; } : f; }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __asyncValues = function (o) {\r\n        if (!Symbol.asyncIterator) throw new TypeError(\"Symbol.asyncIterator is not defined.\");\r\n        var m = o[Symbol.asyncIterator], i;\r\n        return m ? m.call(o) : (o = typeof __values === \"function\" ? __values(o) : o[Symbol.iterator](), i = {}, verb(\"next\"), verb(\"throw\"), verb(\"return\"), i[Symbol.asyncIterator] = function () { return this; }, i);\r\n        function verb(n) { i[n] = o[n] && function (v) { return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) { v = o[n](v), settle(resolve, reject, v.done, v.value); }); }; }\r\n        function settle(resolve, reject, d, v) { Promise.resolve(v).then(function(v) { resolve({ value: v, done: d }); }, reject); }\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __makeTemplateObject = function (cooked, raw) {\r\n        if (Object.defineProperty) { Object.defineProperty(cooked, \"raw\", { value: raw }); } else { cooked.raw = raw; }\r\n        return cooked;\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    var __setModuleDefault = Object.create ? (function(o, v) {\r\n        Object.defineProperty(o, \"default\", { enumerable: true, value: v });\r\n    }) : function(o, v) {\r\n        o[\"default\"] = v;\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __importStar = function (mod) {\r\n        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;\r\n        var result = {};\r\n        if (mod != null) for (var k in mod) if (k !== \"default\" && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(mod, k)) __createBinding(result, mod, k);\r\n        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);\r\n        return result;\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __importDefault = function (mod) {\r\n        return (mod && mod.__esModule) ? mod : { \"default\": mod };\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __classPrivateFieldGet = function (receiver, state, kind, f) {\r\n        if (kind === \"a\" && !f) throw new TypeError(\"Private accessor was defined without a getter\");\r\n        if (typeof state === \"function\" ? receiver !== state || !f : !state.has(receiver)) throw new TypeError(\"Cannot read private member from an object whose class did not declare it\");\r\n        return kind === \"m\" ? f : kind === \"a\" ? f.call(receiver) : f ? f.value : state.get(receiver);\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    __classPrivateFieldSet = function (receiver, state, value, kind, f) {\r\n        if (kind === \"m\") throw new TypeError(\"Private method is not writable\");\r\n        if (kind === \"a\" && !f) throw new TypeError(\"Private accessor was defined without a setter\");\r\n        if (typeof state === \"function\" ? receiver !== state || !f : !state.has(receiver)) throw new TypeError(\"Cannot write private member to an object whose class did not declare it\");\r\n        return (kind === \"a\" ? f.call(receiver, value) : f ? f.value = value : state.set(receiver, value)), value;\r\n    };\r\n\r\n    exporter(\"__extends\", __extends);\r\n    exporter(\"__assign\", __assign);\r\n    exporter(\"__rest\", __rest);\r\n    exporter(\"__decorate\", __decorate);\r\n    exporter(\"__param\", __param);\r\n    exporter(\"__metadata\", __metadata);\r\n    exporter(\"__awaiter\", __awaiter);\r\n    exporter(\"__generator\", __generator);\r\n    exporter(\"__exportStar\", __exportStar);\r\n    exporter(\"__createBinding\", __createBinding);\r\n    exporter(\"__values\", __values);\r\n    exporter(\"__read\", __read);\r\n    exporter(\"__spread\", __spread);\r\n    exporter(\"__spreadArrays\", __spreadArrays);\r\n    exporter(\"__spreadArray\", __spreadArray);\r\n    exporter(\"__await\", __await);\r\n    exporter(\"__asyncGenerator\", __asyncGenerator);\r\n    exporter(\"__asyncDelegator\", __asyncDelegator);\r\n    exporter(\"__asyncValues\", __asyncValues);\r\n    exporter(\"__makeTemplateObject\", __makeTemplateObject);\r\n    exporter(\"__importStar\", __importStar);\r\n    exporter(\"__importDefault\", __importDefault);\r\n    exporter(\"__classPrivateFieldGet\", __classPrivateFieldGet);\r\n    exporter(\"__classPrivateFieldSet\", __classPrivateFieldSet);\r\n});\r\n", "import tslib from '../tslib.js';\r\nconst {\r\n    __extends,\r\n    __assign,\r\n    __rest,\r\n    __decorate,\r\n    __param,\r\n    __metadata,\r\n    __awaiter,\r\n    __generator,\r\n    __exportStar,\r\n    __createBinding,\r\n    __values,\r\n    __read,\r\n    __spread,\r\n    __spreadArrays,\r\n    __spreadArray,\r\n    __await,\r\n    __asyncGenerator,\r\n    __asyncDelegator,\r\n    __asyncValues,\r\n    __makeTemplateObject,\r\n    __importStar,\r\n    __importDefault,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldGet,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldSet,\r\n} = tslib;\r\nexport {\r\n    __extends,\r\n    __assign,\r\n    __rest,\r\n    __decorate,\r\n    __param,\r\n    __metadata,\r\n    __awaiter,\r\n    __generator,\r\n    __exportStar,\r\n    __createBinding,\r\n    __values,\r\n    __read,\r\n    __spread,\r\n    __spreadArrays,\r\n    __spreadArray,\r\n    __await,\r\n    __asyncGenerator,\r\n    __asyncDelegator,\r\n    __asyncValues,\r\n    __makeTemplateObject,\r\n    __importStar,\r\n    __importDefault,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldGet,\r\n    __classPrivateFieldSet,\r\n};\r\n", null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  NEVER,\n  ReplaySubject,\n  delay,\n  distinctUntilChanged,\n  filter,\n  finalize,\n  fromEvent,\n  interval,\n  merge,\n  mergeMap,\n  of,\n  repeat,\n  switchMap,\n  take,\n  takeUntil,\n  tap,\n  withLatestFrom\n} from \"rxjs\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Script\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Append container for instances */\nconst container = document.createElement(\"div\")\ndocument.body.appendChild(container)\n\n/* Append button next to palette toggle */\nconst header = document.querySelector(\".md-header__option\")\nif (header) {\n  const button = document.createElement(\"button\")\n  button.className = \"md-header__button md-icon \u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092__button\"\n  if (header.parentElement)\n    header.parentElement.insertBefore(button, header)\n\n  /* Toggle animation */\n  const on$ = new ReplaySubject<boolean>(1)\n  on$\n    .pipe(\n      distinctUntilChanged()\n    )\n      .subscribe(on => {\n        sessionStorage.setItem(\"\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\", `${on}`)\n        button.hidden = !on\n      })\n\n  /* Load state from session storage */\n  on$.next(JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(\"\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\") || \"true\"))\n  fromEvent(button, \"click\")\n    .pipe(\n      withLatestFrom(on$)\n    )\n      .subscribe(([, on]) => on$.next(!on))\n\n  /* Generate instances */\n  interval(250)\n    .pipe(\n      takeUntil(on$.pipe(filter(on => !on))),\n      take(75),\n      repeat({ delay: () => on$.pipe(filter(on => on)) }),\n      mergeMap(() => {\n        const instance = document.createElement(\"div\")\n        instance.className = \"\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\"\n        instance.ariaHidden = \"true\"\n        container.appendChild(instance)\n        return merge(NEVER, of(instance))\n          .pipe(\n            finalize(() => instance.remove()),\n            takeUntil(on$.pipe(filter(on => !on))),\n            switchMap(el => fromEvent(el, \"click\")\n              .pipe(\n                tap(() => el.classList.add(\"\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092--\u1D4D\u2092\u1D57\uA700\u1D34\u2090\")),\n                delay(1000),\n                tap(() => el.classList.remove(\"\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092\u1D34\u2092--\u1D4D\u2092\u1D57\uA700\u1D34\u2090\"))\n              )\n            )\n          )\n      })\n    )\n      .subscribe()\n}\n"],
+  "mappings": 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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9b06c26c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ar.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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n=r[t].pt[l].c.split(","),o=!1;if(n.forEach(function(c){e.word[r[t].pt[l].l]==c&&(o=!0)}),!o){c=!1;break}}if(1==c){if(r[t].mPt){for(var p=[],m=0;m<r[t].mPt.length;m++)null!=r[t].mPt[m].m?p[r[t].mPt[m].l]=e.word[r[t].mPt[m].m]:p[r[t].mPt[m].l]=r[t].mPt[m].c;e.word=p.join("")}e.result=!0;break}}},e.removePre1=function(){var r=e.word;if(0==e.preRemoved&&e.word.length>3){var t=new RegExp("^("+e.pre.pre1.split(" ").join("|")+")");e.word=e.word.replace(t,"")}return r!=e.word&&(e.preRemoved=!0),!1},e.removeSuf1=function(){var r=e.word;if(0==e.sufRemoved&&e.word.length>3){var t=new RegExp("("+e.suf.suf1.split(" ").join("|")+")$");e.word=e.word.replace(t,"")}return r!=e.word&&(e.sufRemoved=!0),!1},e.removeSuf432=function(){var r=e.word;if(e.word.length>=6){var t=new RegExp("("+e.suf.suf4.split(" ").join("|")+")$");e.word=e.word.replace(t,"")}if(e.word==r&&e.word.length>=5){var c=new RegExp("("+e.suf.suf3.split(" ").join("|")+")$");e.word=e.word.replace(c,"")}if(e.word==r&&e.word.length>=4){var l=new RegExp("("+e.suf.suf2.split(" ").join("|")+")$");e.word=e.word.replace(l,"")}return r!=e.word&&(e.sufRemoved=!0),!1},e.wordCheck=function(){for(var r=(e.word,[e.removeSuf432,e.removeSuf1,e.removePre1]),t=0,c=!1;e.word.length>=7&&!e.result&&t<r.length;)7!=e.word.length||c?(r[t](),t++,c=!1):(e.checkPattern73(),c=!0);var l=[e.checkPattern63,e.removeSuf432,e.removeSuf1,e.removePre1,e.checkPattern64];for(t=0;6==e.word.length&&!e.result&&t<l.length;)l[t](),t++;var n=[e.checkPattern53,e.removeSuf432,e.removeSuf1,e.removePre1,e.checkPattern54];for(t=0;5==e.word.length&&!e.result&&t<n.length;)n[t](),t++;var o=[e.checkPattern43,e.removeSuf1,e.removePre1,e.removeSuf432];for(t=0;4==e.word.length&&!e.result&&t<o.length;)o[t](),t++;return!0},e.checkPattern43=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt43)},e.checkPattern53=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt53)},e.checkPattern54=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt54)},e.checkPattern63=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt63)},e.checkPattern64=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt64)},e.checkPattern73=function(){e.patternCheck(e.patterns.pt73)},function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return e.setCurrent(r),e.stem(),e.getCurrent()}):(e.setCurrent(r),e.stem(),e.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ar.stemmer,"stemmer-ar"),e.ar.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("، اض امين اه اها اي ا اب اجل اجمع اخ اخذ اصبح اضحى اقبل اقل اكثر الا ام اما امامك امامك امسى اما ان انا انت انتم انتما انتن انت انشا انى او اوشك اولئك اولئكم اولاء اولالك اوه اي ايا اين اينما اي ان اي اف اذ اذا اذا اذما اذن الى اليكم اليكما اليكن اليك اليك الا اما ان انما اي اياك اياكم اياكما اياكن ايانا اياه اياها اياهم اياهما اياهن اياي ايه ان ا ابتدا اثر اجل احد اخرى اخلولق اذا اربعة ارتد استحال اطار اعادة اعلنت اف اكثر اكد الالاء الالى الا الاخيرة الان الاول الاولى التى التي الثاني الثانية الذاتي الذى الذي الذين السابق الف اللائي اللاتي اللتان اللتيا اللتين اللذان اللذين اللواتي الماضي المقبل الوقت الى اليوم اما امام امس ان انبرى انقلب انه انها او اول اي ايار ايام ايضا ب بات باسم بان بخ برس بسبب بس بشكل بضع بطان بعد بعض بك بكم بكما بكن بل بلى بما بماذا بمن بن بنا به بها بي بيد بين بس بله بئس تان تانك تبدل تجاه تحول تلقاء تلك تلكم تلكما تم تينك تين ته تي ثلاثة ثم ثم ثمة ثم جعل جلل جميع جير حار حاشا حاليا حاي حتى حرى حسب حم حوالى حول حيث حيثما حين حي حبذا حتى حذار خلا خلال دون دونك ذا ذات ذاك ذانك ذان ذلك ذلكم ذلكما ذلكن ذو ذوا ذواتا ذواتي ذيت ذينك ذين ذه ذي راح رجع رويدك ريث رب زيارة سبحان سرعان سنة سنوات سوف سوى ساء ساءما شبه شخصا شرع شتان صار صباح صفر صه صه ضد ضمن طاق طالما طفق طق ظل عاد عام عاما عامة عدا عدة عدد عدم عسى عشر عشرة علق على عليك عليه عليها عل عن عند عندما عوض عين عدس عما غدا غير  ف فان فلان فو فى في فيم فيما فيه فيها قال قام قبل قد قط قلما قوة كانما كاين كاي كاين كاد كان كانت كذا كذلك كرب كل كلا كلاهما كلتا كلم كليكما كليهما كلما كلا كم كما كي كيت كيف كيفما كان كخ لئن لا لات لاسيما لدن لدى لعمر لقاء لك لكم لكما لكن لكنما لكي لكيلا للامم لم لما لما لن لنا له لها لو لوكالة لولا لوما لي لست لست لستم لستما لستن لست لسن لعل لكن ليت ليس ليسا ليستا ليست ليسوا لسنا ما ماانفك مابرح مادام ماذا مازال مافتئ مايو متى مثل مذ مساء مع معاذ مقابل مكانكم مكانكما مكانكن مكانك مليار مليون مما ممن من منذ منها مه مهما من من نحن نحو نعم نفس نفسه نهاية نخ نعما نعم ها هاؤم هاك هاهنا هب هذا هذه هكذا هل هلم هلا هم هما هن هنا هناك هنالك هو هي هيا هيت هيا هؤلاء هاتان هاتين هاته هاتي هج هذا هذان هذين هذه هذي هيهات وا واحد واضاف واضافت واكد وان واها واوضح وراءك وفي وقال وقالت وقد وقف وكان وكانت ولا ولم ومن وهو وهي ويكان وي وشكان يكون يمكن يوم ايان".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ar.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ar")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.da.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.da.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b9d85098
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.da.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Danish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.da=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.da.trimmer,e.da.stopWordFilter,e.da.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.da.stemmer))},e.da.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.da.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.da.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.trimmer,"trimmer-da"),e.da.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,i=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){var e,r=f.cursor+3;if(d=f.limit,0<=r&&r<=f.limit){for(a=r;;){if(e=f.cursor,f.in_grouping(w,97,248)){f.cursor=e;break}if(f.cursor=e,e>=f.limit)return;f.cursor++}for(;!f.out_grouping(w,97,248);){if(f.cursor>=f.limit)return;f.cursor++}d=f.cursor,d<a&&(d=a)}}function n(){var e,r;if(f.cursor>=d&&(r=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,e=f.find_among_b(c,32),f.limit_backward=r,e))switch(f.bra=f.cursor,e){case 1:f.slice_del();break;case 2:f.in_grouping_b(p,97,229)&&f.slice_del()}}function t(){var e,r=f.limit-f.cursor;f.cursor>=d&&(e=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,f.find_among_b(l,4)?(f.bra=f.cursor,f.limit_backward=e,f.cursor=f.limit-r,f.cursor>f.limit_backward&&(f.cursor--,f.bra=f.cursor,f.slice_del())):f.limit_backward=e)}function s(){var e,r,i,n=f.limit-f.cursor;if(f.ket=f.cursor,f.eq_s_b(2,"st")&&(f.bra=f.cursor,f.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&f.slice_del()),f.cursor=f.limit-n,f.cursor>=d&&(r=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,e=f.find_among_b(m,5),f.limit_backward=r,e))switch(f.bra=f.cursor,e){case 1:f.slice_del(),i=f.limit-f.cursor,t(),f.cursor=f.limit-i;break;case 2:f.slice_from("løs")}}function o(){var e;f.cursor>=d&&(e=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,f.out_grouping_b(w,97,248)?(f.bra=f.cursor,u=f.slice_to(u),f.limit_backward=e,f.eq_v_b(u)&&f.slice_del()):f.limit_backward=e)}var a,d,u,c=[new r("hed",-1,1),new r("ethed",0,1),new r("ered",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("erede",3,1),new r("ende",3,1),new r("erende",5,1),new r("ene",3,1),new r("erne",3,1),new r("ere",3,1),new r("en",-1,1),new r("heden",10,1),new r("eren",10,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heder",13,1),new r("erer",13,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("heds",16,1),new r("es",16,1),new r("endes",18,1),new r("erendes",19,1),new r("enes",18,1),new r("ernes",18,1),new r("eres",18,1),new r("ens",16,1),new r("hedens",24,1),new r("erens",24,1),new r("ers",16,1),new r("ets",16,1),new r("erets",28,1),new r("et",-1,1),new r("eret",30,1)],l=[new r("gd",-1,-1),new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("gt",-1,-1),new r("kt",-1,-1)],m=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("elig",1,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("løst",-1,2)],w=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],p=[239,254,42,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,16],f=new i;this.setCurrent=function(e){f.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return f.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=f.cursor;return e(),f.limit_backward=r,f.cursor=f.limit,n(),f.cursor=f.limit,t(),f.cursor=f.limit,s(),f.cursor=f.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.stemmer,"stemmer-da"),e.da.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("ad af alle alt anden at blev blive bliver da de dem den denne der deres det dette dig din disse dog du efter eller en end er et for fra ham han hans har havde have hende hendes her hos hun hvad hvis hvor i ikke ind jeg jer jo kunne man mange med meget men mig min mine mit mod ned noget nogle nu når og også om op os over på selv sig sin sine sit skal skulle som sådan thi til ud under var vi vil ville vor være været".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-da")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3b5c108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.de.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `German` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.de=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.de.trimmer,e.de.stopWordFilter,e.de.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.de.stemmer))},e.de.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.de.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.de.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.trimmer,"trimmer-de"),e.de.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(e,r,n){return!(!v.eq_s(1,e)||(v.ket=v.cursor,!v.in_grouping(p,97,252)))&&(v.slice_from(r),v.cursor=n,!0)}function i(){for(var r,n,i,s,t=v.cursor;;)if(r=v.cursor,v.bra=r,v.eq_s(1,"ß"))v.ket=v.cursor,v.slice_from("ss");else{if(r>=v.limit)break;v.cursor=r+1}for(v.cursor=t;;)for(n=v.cursor;;){if(i=v.cursor,v.in_grouping(p,97,252)){if(s=v.cursor,v.bra=s,e("u","U",i))break;if(v.cursor=s,e("y","Y",i))break}if(i>=v.limit)return void(v.cursor=n);v.cursor=i+1}}function s(){for(;!v.in_grouping(p,97,252);){if(v.cursor>=v.limit)return!0;v.cursor++}for(;!v.out_grouping(p,97,252);){if(v.cursor>=v.limit)return!0;v.cursor++}return!1}function t(){m=v.limit,l=m;var e=v.cursor+3;0<=e&&e<=v.limit&&(d=e,s()||(m=v.cursor,m<d&&(m=d),s()||(l=v.cursor)))}function o(){for(var e,r;;){if(r=v.cursor,v.bra=r,!(e=v.find_among(h,6)))return;switch(v.ket=v.cursor,e){case 1:v.slice_from("y");break;case 2:case 5:v.slice_from("u");break;case 3:v.slice_from("a");break;case 4:v.slice_from("o");break;case 6:if(v.cursor>=v.limit)return;v.cursor++}}}function c(){return m<=v.cursor}function u(){return l<=v.cursor}function a(){var e,r,n,i,s=v.limit-v.cursor;if(v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(w,7))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,c()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del();break;case 2:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"s")&&(v.bra=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(3,"nis")&&v.slice_del());break;case 3:v.in_grouping_b(g,98,116)&&v.slice_del()}if(v.cursor=v.limit-s,v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(f,4))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,c()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del();break;case 2:if(v.in_grouping_b(k,98,116)){var t=v.cursor-3;v.limit_backward<=t&&t<=v.limit&&(v.cursor=t,v.slice_del())}}if(v.cursor=v.limit-s,v.ket=v.cursor,(e=v.find_among_b(_,8))&&(v.bra=v.cursor,u()))switch(e){case 1:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(v.bra=v.cursor,r=v.limit-v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(v.cursor=v.limit-r,u()&&v.slice_del()));break;case 2:n=v.limit-v.cursor,v.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(v.cursor=v.limit-n,v.slice_del());break;case 3:if(v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,i=v.limit-v.cursor,!v.eq_s_b(2,"er")&&(v.cursor=v.limit-i,!v.eq_s_b(2,"en")))break;v.bra=v.cursor,c()&&v.slice_del();break;case 4:v.slice_del(),v.ket=v.cursor,e=v.find_among_b(b,2),e&&(v.bra=v.cursor,u()&&1==e&&v.slice_del())}}var d,l,m,h=[new r("",-1,6),new r("U",0,2),new r("Y",0,1),new r("ä",0,3),new r("ö",0,4),new r("ü",0,5)],w=[new r("e",-1,2),new r("em",-1,1),new r("en",-1,2),new r("ern",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("s",-1,3),new r("es",5,2)],f=[new r("en",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("st",-1,2),new r("est",2,1)],b=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lich",-1,1)],_=[new r("end",-1,1),new r("ig",-1,2),new r("ung",-1,1),new r("lich",-1,3),new r("isch",-1,2),new r("ik",-1,2),new r("heit",-1,3),new r("keit",-1,4)],p=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,0,32,8],g=[117,30,5],k=[117,30,4],v=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){v.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return v.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=v.cursor;return i(),v.cursor=e,t(),v.limit_backward=e,v.cursor=v.limit,a(),v.cursor=v.limit_backward,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.stemmer,"stemmer-de"),e.de.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("aber alle allem allen aller alles als also am an ander andere anderem anderen anderer anderes anderm andern anderr anders auch auf aus bei bin bis bist da damit dann das dasselbe dazu daß dein deine deinem deinen deiner deines dem demselben den denn denselben der derer derselbe derselben des desselben dessen dich die dies diese dieselbe dieselben diesem diesen dieser dieses dir doch dort du durch ein eine einem einen einer eines einig einige einigem einigen einiger einiges einmal er es etwas euch euer eure eurem euren eurer eures für gegen gewesen hab habe haben hat hatte hatten hier hin hinter ich ihm ihn ihnen ihr ihre ihrem ihren ihrer ihres im in indem ins ist jede jedem jeden jeder jedes jene jenem jenen jener jenes jetzt kann kein keine keinem keinen keiner keines können könnte machen man manche manchem manchen mancher manches mein meine meinem meinen meiner meines mich mir mit muss musste nach nicht nichts noch nun nur ob oder ohne sehr sein seine seinem seinen seiner seines selbst sich sie sind so solche solchem solchen solcher solches soll sollte sondern sonst um und uns unse unsem unsen unser unses unter viel vom von vor war waren warst was weg weil weiter welche welchem welchen welcher welches wenn werde werden wie wieder will wir wird wirst wo wollen wollte während würde würden zu zum zur zwar zwischen über".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.de.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-de")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..49a0f3f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.du.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Dutch` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");console.warn('[Lunr Languages] Please use the "nl" instead of the "du". The "nl" code is the standard code for Dutch language, and "du" will be removed in the next major versions.'),e.du=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.du.trimmer,e.du.stopWordFilter,e.du.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.du.stemmer))},e.du.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.du.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.du.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.trimmer,"trimmer-du"),e.du.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,i=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){for(var e,r,i,o=C.cursor;;){if(C.bra=C.cursor,e=C.find_among(b,11))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,e){case 1:C.slice_from("a");continue;case 2:C.slice_from("e");continue;case 3:C.slice_from("i");continue;case 4:C.slice_from("o");continue;case 5:C.slice_from("u");continue;case 6:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)break;C.cursor++;continue}break}for(C.cursor=o,C.bra=o,C.eq_s(1,"y")?(C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y")):C.cursor=o;;)if(r=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)){if(i=C.cursor,C.bra=i,C.eq_s(1,"i"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)&&(C.slice_from("I"),C.cursor=r);else if(C.cursor=i,C.eq_s(1,"y"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y"),C.cursor=r;else if(n(r))break}else if(n(r))break}function n(e){return C.cursor=e,e>=C.limit||(C.cursor++,!1)}function o(){_=C.limit,f=_,t()||(_=C.cursor,_<3&&(_=3),t()||(f=C.cursor))}function t(){for(;!C.in_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}for(;!C.out_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}return!1}function s(){for(var e;;)if(C.bra=C.cursor,e=C.find_among(p,3))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,e){case 1:C.slice_from("y");break;case 2:C.slice_from("i");break;case 3:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return;C.cursor++}}function u(){return _<=C.cursor}function c(){return f<=C.cursor}function a(){var e=C.limit-C.cursor;C.find_among_b(g,3)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del()))}function l(){var e;w=!1,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,u()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),w=!0,a())))}function m(){var e;u()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.eq_s_b(3,"gem")||(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),a())))}function d(){var e,r,i,n,o,t,s=C.limit-C.cursor;if(C.ket=C.cursor,e=C.find_among_b(h,5))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,e){case 1:u()&&C.slice_from("heid");break;case 2:m();break;case 3:u()&&C.out_grouping_b(z,97,232)&&C.slice_del()}if(C.cursor=C.limit-s,l(),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(4,"heid")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"c")||(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"en")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,m())))),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,e=C.find_among_b(k,6))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,e){case 1:if(c()){if(C.slice_del(),i=C.limit-C.cursor,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(n=C.limit-C.cursor,!C.eq_s_b(1,"e")))){C.cursor=C.limit-n,C.slice_del();break}C.cursor=C.limit-i,a()}break;case 2:c()&&(o=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(C.cursor=C.limit-o,C.slice_del()));break;case 3:c()&&(C.slice_del(),l());break;case 4:c()&&C.slice_del();break;case 5:c()&&w&&C.slice_del()}C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.out_grouping_b(j,73,232)&&(t=C.limit-C.cursor,C.find_among_b(v,4)&&C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-t,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del())))}var f,_,w,b=[new r("",-1,6),new r("á",0,1),new r("ä",0,1),new r("é",0,2),new r("ë",0,2),new r("í",0,3),new r("ï",0,3),new r("ó",0,4),new r("ö",0,4),new r("ú",0,5),new r("ü",0,5)],p=[new r("",-1,3),new r("I",0,2),new r("Y",0,1)],g=[new r("dd",-1,-1),new r("kk",-1,-1),new r("tt",-1,-1)],h=[new r("ene",-1,2),new r("se",-1,3),new r("en",-1,2),new r("heden",2,1),new r("s",-1,3)],k=[new r("end",-1,1),new r("ig",-1,2),new r("ing",-1,1),new r("lijk",-1,3),new r("baar",-1,4),new r("bar",-1,5)],v=[new r("aa",-1,-1),new r("ee",-1,-1),new r("oo",-1,-1),new r("uu",-1,-1)],q=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],j=[1,0,0,17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],z=[17,67,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],C=new i;this.setCurrent=function(e){C.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return C.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=C.cursor;return e(),C.cursor=r,o(),C.limit_backward=r,C.cursor=C.limit,d(),C.cursor=C.limit_backward,s(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.stemmer,"stemmer-du"),e.du.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter(" aan al alles als altijd andere ben bij daar dan dat de der deze die dit doch doen door dus een eens en er ge geen geweest haar had heb hebben heeft hem het hier hij hoe hun iemand iets ik in is ja je kan kon kunnen maar me meer men met mij mijn moet na naar niet niets nog nu of om omdat onder ons ook op over reeds te tegen toch toen tot u uit uw van veel voor want waren was wat werd wezen wie wil worden wordt zal ze zelf zich zij zijn zo zonder zou".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.du.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-du")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2989d342
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.es.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Spanish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,s){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(s):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=s():s()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.es=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.es.trimmer,e.es.stopWordFilter,e.es.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.es.stemmer))},e.es.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.es.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.es.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.es.trimmer,"trimmer-es"),e.es.stemmer=function(){var s=e.stemmerSupport.Among,r=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){if(A.out_grouping(x,97,252)){for(;!A.in_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!0;A.cursor++}return!1}return!0}function n(){if(A.in_grouping(x,97,252)){var s=A.cursor;if(e()){if(A.cursor=s,!A.in_grouping(x,97,252))return!0;for(;!A.out_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!0;A.cursor++}}return!1}return!0}function i(){var s,r=A.cursor;if(n()){if(A.cursor=r,!A.out_grouping(x,97,252))return;if(s=A.cursor,e()){if(A.cursor=s,!A.in_grouping(x,97,252)||A.cursor>=A.limit)return;A.cursor++}}g=A.cursor}function a(){for(;!A.in_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!1;A.cursor++}for(;!A.out_grouping(x,97,252);){if(A.cursor>=A.limit)return!1;A.cursor++}return!0}function t(){var e=A.cursor;g=A.limit,p=g,v=g,i(),A.cursor=e,a()&&(p=A.cursor,a()&&(v=A.cursor))}function o(){for(var e;;){if(A.bra=A.cursor,e=A.find_among(k,6))switch(A.ket=A.cursor,e){case 1:A.slice_from("a");continue;case 2:A.slice_from("e");continue;case 3:A.slice_from("i");continue;case 4:A.slice_from("o");continue;case 5:A.slice_from("u");continue;case 6:if(A.cursor>=A.limit)break;A.cursor++;continue}break}}function u(){return g<=A.cursor}function w(){return p<=A.cursor}function c(){return v<=A.cursor}function m(){var e;if(A.ket=A.cursor,A.find_among_b(y,13)&&(A.bra=A.cursor,(e=A.find_among_b(q,11))&&u()))switch(e){case 1:A.bra=A.cursor,A.slice_from("iendo");break;case 2:A.bra=A.cursor,A.slice_from("ando");break;case 3:A.bra=A.cursor,A.slice_from("ar");break;case 4:A.bra=A.cursor,A.slice_from("er");break;case 5:A.bra=A.cursor,A.slice_from("ir");break;case 6:A.slice_del();break;case 7:A.eq_s_b(1,"u")&&A.slice_del()}}function l(e,s){if(!c())return!0;A.slice_del(),A.ket=A.cursor;var r=A.find_among_b(e,s);return r&&(A.bra=A.cursor,1==r&&c()&&A.slice_del()),!1}function d(e){return!c()||(A.slice_del(),A.ket=A.cursor,A.eq_s_b(2,e)&&(A.bra=A.cursor,c()&&A.slice_del()),!1)}function b(){var e;if(A.ket=A.cursor,e=A.find_among_b(S,46)){switch(A.bra=A.cursor,e){case 1:if(!c())return!1;A.slice_del();break;case 2:if(d("ic"))return!1;break;case 3:if(!c())return!1;A.slice_from("log");break;case 4:if(!c())return!1;A.slice_from("u");break;case 5:if(!c())return!1;A.slice_from("ente");break;case 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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29f5dfce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Finnish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
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meille meillä meiltä meissä meistä meitä mihin miksi mikä mille millä miltä minkä minkä minua minulla minulle minulta minun minussa minusta minut minuun minä minä missä mistä mitkä mitä mukaan mutta ne niiden niihin niiksi niille niillä niiltä niin niin niinä niissä niistä niitä noiden noihin noiksi noilla noille noilta noin noina noissa noista noita nuo nyt näiden näihin näiksi näille näillä näiltä näinä näissä näistä näitä nämä ole olemme olen olet olette oli olimme olin olisi olisimme olisin olisit olisitte olisivat olit olitte olivat olla olleet ollut on ovat poikki se sekä sen siihen siinä siitä siksi sille sillä sillä siltä sinua sinulla sinulle sinulta sinun sinussa sinusta sinut sinuun sinä sinä sitä tai te teidän teidät teihin teille teillä teiltä teissä teistä teitä tuo tuohon tuoksi tuolla tuolle tuolta tuon tuona tuossa tuosta tuota tähän täksi tälle tällä tältä tämä tämän tänä tässä tästä tätä vaan vai vaikka yli".split(" ")),i.Pipeline.registerFunction(i.fi.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-fi")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..68cd0094
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.fr.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `French` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.fr=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.fr.trimmer,e.fr.stopWordFilter,e.fr.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.fr.stemmer))},e.fr.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.fr.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.fr.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.fr.trimmer,"trimmer-fr"),e.fr.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,s=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(e,r,s){return!(!W.eq_s(1,e)||(W.ket=W.cursor,!W.in_grouping(F,97,251)))&&(W.slice_from(r),W.cursor=s,!0)}function i(e,r,s){return!!W.eq_s(1,e)&&(W.ket=W.cursor,W.slice_from(r),W.cursor=s,!0)}function n(){for(var r,s;;){if(r=W.cursor,W.in_grouping(F,97,251)){if(W.bra=W.cursor,s=W.cursor,e("u","U",r))continue;if(W.cursor=s,e("i","I",r))continue;if(W.cursor=s,i("y","Y",r))continue}if(W.cursor=r,W.bra=r,!e("y","Y",r)){if(W.cursor=r,W.eq_s(1,"q")&&(W.bra=W.cursor,i("u","U",r)))continue;if(W.cursor=r,r>=W.limit)return;W.cursor++}}}function t(){for(;!W.in_grouping(F,97,251);){if(W.cursor>=W.limit)return!0;W.cursor++}for(;!W.out_grouping(F,97,251);){if(W.cursor>=W.limit)return!0;W.cursor++}return!1}function u(){var e=W.cursor;if(q=W.limit,g=q,p=q,W.in_grouping(F,97,251)&&W.in_grouping(F,97,251)&&W.cursor<W.limit)W.cursor++;else if(W.cursor=e,!W.find_among(v,3)){W.cursor=e;do{if(W.cursor>=W.limit){W.cursor=q;break}W.cursor++}while(!W.in_grouping(F,97,251))}q=W.cursor,W.cursor=e,t()||(g=W.cursor,t()||(p=W.cursor))}function o(){for(var e,r;;){if(r=W.cursor,W.bra=r,!(e=W.find_among(h,4)))break;switch(W.ket=W.cursor,e){case 1:W.slice_from("i");break;case 2:W.slice_from("u");break;case 3:W.slice_from("y");break;case 4:if(W.cursor>=W.limit)return;W.cursor++}}}function c(){return q<=W.cursor}function a(){return g<=W.cursor}function l(){return p<=W.cursor}function w(){var e,r;if(W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.find_among_b(C,43)){switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:if(!l())return!1;W.slice_del();break;case 2:if(!l())return!1;W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(2,"ic")&&(W.bra=W.cursor,l()?W.slice_del():W.slice_from("iqU"));break;case 3:if(!l())return!1;W.slice_from("log");break;case 4:if(!l())return!1;W.slice_from("u");break;case 5:if(!l())return!1;W.slice_from("ent");break;case 6:if(!c())return!1;if(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.find_among_b(z,6))switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:l()&&(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(W.bra=W.cursor,l()&&W.slice_del()));break;case 2:l()?W.slice_del():a()&&W.slice_from("eux");break;case 3:l()&&W.slice_del();break;case 4:c()&&W.slice_from("i")}break;case 7:if(!l())return!1;if(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.find_among_b(y,3))switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:l()?W.slice_del():W.slice_from("abl");break;case 2:l()?W.slice_del():W.slice_from("iqU");break;case 3:l()&&W.slice_del()}break;case 8:if(!l())return!1;if(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(W.bra=W.cursor,l()&&(W.slice_del(),W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(2,"ic")))){W.bra=W.cursor,l()?W.slice_del():W.slice_from("iqU");break}break;case 9:W.slice_from("eau");break;case 10:if(!a())return!1;W.slice_from("al");break;case 11:if(l())W.slice_del();else{if(!a())return!1;W.slice_from("eux")}break;case 12:if(!a()||!W.out_grouping_b(F,97,251))return!1;W.slice_del();break;case 13:return c()&&W.slice_from("ant"),!1;case 14:return c()&&W.slice_from("ent"),!1;case 15:return r=W.limit-W.cursor,W.in_grouping_b(F,97,251)&&c()&&(W.cursor=W.limit-r,W.slice_del()),!1}return!0}return!1}function f(){var e,r;if(W.cursor<q)return!1;if(r=W.limit_backward,W.limit_backward=q,W.ket=W.cursor,!(e=W.find_among_b(x,35)))return W.limit_backward=r,!1;if(W.bra=W.cursor,1==e){if(!W.out_grouping_b(F,97,251))return W.limit_backward=r,!1;W.slice_del()}return W.limit_backward=r,!0}function m(){var e,r,s;if(W.cursor<q)return!1;if(r=W.limit_backward,W.limit_backward=q,W.ket=W.cursor,!(e=W.find_among_b(I,38)))return W.limit_backward=r,!1;switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:if(!l())return W.limit_backward=r,!1;W.slice_del();break;case 2:W.slice_del();break;case 3:W.slice_del(),s=W.limit-W.cursor,W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(1,"e")?(W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_del()):W.cursor=W.limit-s}return W.limit_backward=r,!0}function _(){var e,r,s,i,n=W.limit-W.cursor;if(W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(1,"s")?(W.bra=W.cursor,r=W.limit-W.cursor,W.out_grouping_b(S,97,232)?(W.cursor=W.limit-r,W.slice_del()):W.cursor=W.limit-n):W.cursor=W.limit-n,W.cursor>=q){if(s=W.limit_backward,W.limit_backward=q,W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.find_among_b(P,7))switch(W.bra=W.cursor,e){case 1:if(l()){if(i=W.limit-W.cursor,!W.eq_s_b(1,"s")&&(W.cursor=W.limit-i,!W.eq_s_b(1,"t")))break;W.slice_del()}break;case 2:W.slice_from("i");break;case 3:W.slice_del();break;case 4:W.eq_s_b(2,"gu")&&W.slice_del()}W.limit_backward=s}}function b(){var e=W.limit-W.cursor;W.find_among_b(U,5)&&(W.cursor=W.limit-e,W.ket=W.cursor,W.cursor>W.limit_backward&&(W.cursor--,W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_del()))}function d(){for(var e,r=1;W.out_grouping_b(F,97,251);)r--;if(r<=0){if(W.ket=W.cursor,e=W.limit-W.cursor,!W.eq_s_b(1,"é")&&(W.cursor=W.limit-e,!W.eq_s_b(1,"è")))return;W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_from("e")}}function k(){if(!w()&&(W.cursor=W.limit,!f()&&(W.cursor=W.limit,!m())))return W.cursor=W.limit,void _();W.cursor=W.limit,W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(1,"Y")?(W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_from("i")):(W.cursor=W.limit,W.eq_s_b(1,"ç")&&(W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_from("c")))}var p,g,q,v=[new r("col",-1,-1),new r("par",-1,-1),new r("tap",-1,-1)],h=[new r("",-1,4),new r("I",0,1),new r("U",0,2),new r("Y",0,3)],z=[new r("iqU",-1,3),new r("abl",-1,3),new r("Ièr",-1,4),new r("ièr",-1,4),new r("eus",-1,2),new r("iv",-1,1)],y=[new r("ic",-1,2),new r("abil",-1,1),new r("iv",-1,3)],C=[new r("iqUe",-1,1),new r("atrice",-1,2),new r("ance",-1,1),new r("ence",-1,5),new r("logie",-1,3),new r("able",-1,1),new r("isme",-1,1),new r("euse",-1,11),new r("iste",-1,1),new r("ive",-1,8),new r("if",-1,8),new r("usion",-1,4),new r("ation",-1,2),new r("ution",-1,4),new r("ateur",-1,2),new r("iqUes",-1,1),new r("atrices",-1,2),new r("ances",-1,1),new r("ences",-1,5),new r("logies",-1,3),new r("ables",-1,1),new r("ismes",-1,1),new r("euses",-1,11),new r("istes",-1,1),new r("ives",-1,8),new r("ifs",-1,8),new r("usions",-1,4),new r("ations",-1,2),new r("utions",-1,4),new r("ateurs",-1,2),new r("ments",-1,15),new r("ements",30,6),new r("issements",31,12),new r("ités",-1,7),new r("ment",-1,15),new r("ement",34,6),new r("issement",35,12),new r("amment",34,13),new r("emment",34,14),new r("aux",-1,10),new r("eaux",39,9),new r("eux",-1,1),new r("ité",-1,7)],x=[new r("ira",-1,1),new r("ie",-1,1),new r("isse",-1,1),new r("issante",-1,1),new r("i",-1,1),new r("irai",4,1),new r("ir",-1,1),new r("iras",-1,1),new r("ies",-1,1),new r("îmes",-1,1),new r("isses",-1,1),new r("issantes",-1,1),new r("îtes",-1,1),new r("is",-1,1),new r("irais",13,1),new r("issais",13,1),new r("irions",-1,1),new r("issions",-1,1),new r("irons",-1,1),new r("issons",-1,1),new r("issants",-1,1),new r("it",-1,1),new r("irait",21,1),new r("issait",21,1),new r("issant",-1,1),new r("iraIent",-1,1),new r("issaIent",-1,1),new r("irent",-1,1),new r("issent",-1,1),new r("iront",-1,1),new r("ît",-1,1),new r("iriez",-1,1),new r("issiez",-1,1),new r("irez",-1,1),new r("issez",-1,1)],I=[new r("a",-1,3),new r("era",0,2),new r("asse",-1,3),new r("ante",-1,3),new r("ée",-1,2),new r("ai",-1,3),new r("erai",5,2),new r("er",-1,2),new r("as",-1,3),new r("eras",8,2),new r("âmes",-1,3),new r("asses",-1,3),new r("antes",-1,3),new r("âtes",-1,3),new r("ées",-1,2),new r("ais",-1,3),new r("erais",15,2),new r("ions",-1,1),new r("erions",17,2),new r("assions",17,3),new r("erons",-1,2),new r("ants",-1,3),new r("és",-1,2),new r("ait",-1,3),new r("erait",23,2),new r("ant",-1,3),new r("aIent",-1,3),new r("eraIent",26,2),new r("èrent",-1,2),new r("assent",-1,3),new r("eront",-1,2),new r("ât",-1,3),new r("ez",-1,2),new r("iez",32,2),new r("eriez",33,2),new r("assiez",33,3),new r("erez",32,2),new r("é",-1,2)],P=[new r("e",-1,3),new r("Ière",0,2),new r("ière",0,2),new r("ion",-1,1),new r("Ier",-1,2),new r("ier",-1,2),new r("ë",-1,4)],U=[new r("ell",-1,-1),new r("eill",-1,-1),new r("enn",-1,-1),new r("onn",-1,-1),new r("ett",-1,-1)],F=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128,130,103,8,5],S=[1,65,20,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],W=new s;this.setCurrent=function(e){W.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return W.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=W.cursor;return n(),W.cursor=e,u(),W.limit_backward=e,W.cursor=W.limit,k(),W.cursor=W.limit,b(),W.cursor=W.limit,d(),W.cursor=W.limit_backward,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.fr.stemmer,"stemmer-fr"),e.fr.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("ai aie aient aies ait as au aura aurai auraient aurais aurait auras aurez auriez aurions aurons auront aux avaient avais avait avec avez aviez avions avons ayant ayez ayons c ce ceci celà ces cet cette d dans de des du elle en es est et eu eue eues eurent eus eusse eussent eusses eussiez eussions eut eux eûmes eût eûtes furent fus fusse fussent fusses fussiez fussions fut fûmes fût fûtes ici il ils j je l la le les leur leurs lui m ma mais me mes moi mon même n ne nos notre nous on ont ou par pas pour qu que quel quelle quelles quels qui s sa sans se sera serai seraient serais serait seras serez seriez serions serons seront ses soi soient sois soit sommes son sont soyez soyons suis sur t ta te tes toi ton tu un une vos votre vous y à étaient étais était étant étiez étions été étée étées étés êtes".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.fr.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-fr")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7dbc4140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hi.trimmer,e.hi.stopWordFilter,e.hi.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.hi.stemmer))},e.hi.wordCharacters="ऀ-ःऄ-एऐ-टठ-यर-िी-ॏॐ-य़ॠ-९॰-ॿa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.hi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.trimmer,"trimmer-hi"),e.hi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("अत अपना अपनी अपने अभी अंदर आदि आप इत्यादि इन इनका इन्हीं इन्हें इन्हों इस इसका इसकी इसके इसमें इसी इसे उन उनका उनकी उनके उनको उन्हीं उन्हें उन्हों उस उसके उसी उसे एक एवं एस ऐसे और कई कर करता करते करना करने करें कहते कहा का काफ़ी कि कितना किन्हें किन्हों किया किर किस किसी किसे की कुछ कुल के को कोई कौन कौनसा गया घर जब जहाँ जा जितना जिन जिन्हें जिन्हों जिस जिसे जीधर जैसा जैसे जो तक तब तरह तिन तिन्हें तिन्हों तिस तिसे तो था थी थे दबारा दिया दुसरा दूसरे दो द्वारा न नके नहीं ना निहायत नीचे ने पर पहले पूरा पे फिर बनी बही बहुत बाद बाला बिलकुल भी भीतर मगर मानो मे में यदि यह यहाँ यही या यिह ये रखें रहा रहे ऱ्वासा लिए लिये लेकिन व वग़ैरह वर्ग वह वहाँ वहीं वाले वुह वे वो सकता सकते सबसे सभी साथ साबुत साभ सारा से सो संग ही हुआ हुई हुए है हैं हो होता होती होते होना होने".split(" ")),e.hi.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var r=e.wordcut;r.init(),e.hi.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(r){return isLunr2?new e.Token(r.toLowerCase()):r.toLowerCase()});var t=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return r.cut(t).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stemmer,"stemmer-hi"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hi")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed9d909f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hu.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Hungarian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,n){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=n():n()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hu=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hu.trimmer,e.hu.stopWordFilter,e.hu.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.hu.stemmer))},e.hu.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.hu.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hu.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.trimmer,"trimmer-hu"),e.hu.stemmer=function(){var n=e.stemmerSupport.Among,r=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(){var e,n=L.cursor;if(d=L.limit,L.in_grouping(W,97,252))for(;;){if(e=L.cursor,L.out_grouping(W,97,252))return L.cursor=e,L.find_among(g,8)||(L.cursor=e,e<L.limit&&L.cursor++),void(d=L.cursor);if(L.cursor=e,e>=L.limit)return void(d=e);L.cursor++}if(L.cursor=n,L.out_grouping(W,97,252)){for(;!L.in_grouping(W,97,252);){if(L.cursor>=L.limit)return;L.cursor++}d=L.cursor}}function i(){return d<=L.cursor}function a(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(h,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("a");break;case 2:L.slice_from("e")}}function t(){var e=L.limit-L.cursor;return!!L.find_among_b(p,23)&&(L.cursor=L.limit-e,!0)}function s(){if(L.cursor>L.limit_backward){L.cursor--,L.ket=L.cursor;var e=L.cursor-1;L.limit_backward<=e&&e<=L.limit&&(L.cursor=e,L.bra=e,L.slice_del())}}function c(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(_,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i())){if((1==e||2==e)&&!t())return;L.slice_del(),s()}}function o(){L.ket=L.cursor,L.find_among_b(v,44)&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()&&(L.slice_del(),a()))}function w(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(z,3))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("e");break;case 2:case 3:L.slice_from("a")}}function l(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(y,6))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 2:L.slice_del();break;case 3:L.slice_from("a");break;case 4:L.slice_from("e")}}function u(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(j,2))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i())){if((1==e||2==e)&&!t())return;L.slice_del(),s()}}function m(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(C,7))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:L.slice_from("a");break;case 2:L.slice_from("e");break;case 3:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 7:L.slice_del()}}function k(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(P,12))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 7:case 9:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 5:case 8:L.slice_from("e");break;case 3:case 6:L.slice_from("a")}}function f(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(F,31))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 7:case 8:case 9:case 12:case 13:case 16:case 17:case 18:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 5:case 10:case 14:case 19:L.slice_from("a");break;case 3:case 6:case 11:case 15:case 20:L.slice_from("e")}}function b(){var e;if(L.ket=L.cursor,(e=L.find_among_b(S,42))&&(L.bra=L.cursor,i()))switch(e){case 1:case 4:case 5:case 6:case 9:case 10:case 11:case 14:case 15:case 16:case 17:case 20:case 21:case 24:case 25:case 26:case 29:L.slice_del();break;case 2:case 7:case 12:case 18:case 22:case 27:L.slice_from("a");break;case 3:case 8:case 13:case 19:case 23:case 28:L.slice_from("e")}}var d,g=[new n("cs",-1,-1),new n("dzs",-1,-1),new n("gy",-1,-1),new n("ly",-1,-1),new n("ny",-1,-1),new n("sz",-1,-1),new n("ty",-1,-1),new n("zs",-1,-1)],h=[new n("á",-1,1),new n("é",-1,2)],p=[new n("bb",-1,-1),new n("cc",-1,-1),new n("dd",-1,-1),new n("ff",-1,-1),new n("gg",-1,-1),new n("jj",-1,-1),new n("kk",-1,-1),new n("ll",-1,-1),new n("mm",-1,-1),new n("nn",-1,-1),new n("pp",-1,-1),new n("rr",-1,-1),new n("ccs",-1,-1),new n("ss",-1,-1),new n("zzs",-1,-1),new n("tt",-1,-1),new n("vv",-1,-1),new n("ggy",-1,-1),new n("lly",-1,-1),new n("nny",-1,-1),new n("tty",-1,-1),new n("ssz",-1,-1),new n("zz",-1,-1)],_=[new n("al",-1,1),new n("el",-1,2)],v=[new n("ba",-1,-1),new n("ra",-1,-1),new n("be",-1,-1),new n("re",-1,-1),new n("ig",-1,-1),new n("nak",-1,-1),new n("nek",-1,-1),new n("val",-1,-1),new n("vel",-1,-1),new n("ul",-1,-1),new n("nál",-1,-1),new n("nél",-1,-1),new n("ból",-1,-1),new n("ról",-1,-1),new n("tól",-1,-1),new n("bõl",-1,-1),new n("rõl",-1,-1),new n("tõl",-1,-1),new n("ül",-1,-1),new n("n",-1,-1),new n("an",19,-1),new n("ban",20,-1),new n("en",19,-1),new n("ben",22,-1),new n("képpen",22,-1),new n("on",19,-1),new n("ön",19,-1),new n("képp",-1,-1),new n("kor",-1,-1),new n("t",-1,-1),new n("at",29,-1),new n("et",29,-1),new n("ként",29,-1),new n("anként",32,-1),new n("enként",32,-1),new n("onként",32,-1),new n("ot",29,-1),new n("ért",29,-1),new n("öt",29,-1),new n("hez",-1,-1),new n("hoz",-1,-1),new n("höz",-1,-1),new n("vá",-1,-1),new n("vé",-1,-1)],z=[new n("án",-1,2),new n("én",-1,1),new n("ánként",-1,3)],y=[new n("stul",-1,2),new n("astul",0,1),new n("ástul",0,3),new n("stül",-1,2),new n("estül",3,1),new n("éstül",3,4)],j=[new n("á",-1,1),new n("é",-1,2)],C=[new n("k",-1,7),new n("ak",0,4),new n("ek",0,6),new n("ok",0,5),new n("ák",0,1),new n("ék",0,2),new n("ök",0,3)],P=[new n("éi",-1,7),new n("áéi",0,6),new n("ééi",0,5),new n("é",-1,9),new n("ké",3,4),new n("aké",4,1),new n("eké",4,1),new n("oké",4,1),new n("áké",4,3),new n("éké",4,2),new n("öké",4,1),new n("éé",3,8)],F=[new n("a",-1,18),new n("ja",0,17),new n("d",-1,16),new n("ad",2,13),new n("ed",2,13),new n("od",2,13),new n("ád",2,14),new n("éd",2,15),new n("öd",2,13),new n("e",-1,18),new n("je",9,17),new n("nk",-1,4),new n("unk",11,1),new n("ánk",11,2),new n("énk",11,3),new n("ünk",11,1),new n("uk",-1,8),new n("juk",16,7),new n("ájuk",17,5),new n("ük",-1,8),new n("jük",19,7),new n("éjük",20,6),new n("m",-1,12),new n("am",22,9),new n("em",22,9),new n("om",22,9),new n("ám",22,10),new n("ém",22,11),new n("o",-1,18),new n("á",-1,19),new n("é",-1,20)],S=[new n("id",-1,10),new n("aid",0,9),new n("jaid",1,6),new n("eid",0,9),new n("jeid",3,6),new n("áid",0,7),new n("éid",0,8),new n("i",-1,15),new n("ai",7,14),new n("jai",8,11),new n("ei",7,14),new n("jei",10,11),new n("ái",7,12),new n("éi",7,13),new n("itek",-1,24),new n("eitek",14,21),new n("jeitek",15,20),new n("éitek",14,23),new n("ik",-1,29),new n("aik",18,26),new n("jaik",19,25),new n("eik",18,26),new n("jeik",21,25),new n("áik",18,27),new n("éik",18,28),new n("ink",-1,20),new n("aink",25,17),new n("jaink",26,16),new n("eink",25,17),new n("jeink",28,16),new n("áink",25,18),new n("éink",25,19),new n("aitok",-1,21),new n("jaitok",32,20),new n("áitok",-1,22),new n("im",-1,5),new n("aim",35,4),new n("jaim",36,1),new n("eim",35,4),new n("jeim",38,1),new n("áim",35,2),new n("éim",35,3)],W=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,17,52,14],L=new r;this.setCurrent=function(e){L.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return L.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var n=L.cursor;return e(),L.limit_backward=n,L.cursor=L.limit,c(),L.cursor=L.limit,o(),L.cursor=L.limit,w(),L.cursor=L.limit,l(),L.cursor=L.limit,u(),L.cursor=L.limit,k(),L.cursor=L.limit,f(),L.cursor=L.limit,b(),L.cursor=L.limit,m(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.stemmer,"stemmer-hu"),e.hu.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("a abban ahhoz ahogy ahol aki akik akkor alatt amely amelyek amelyekben amelyeket amelyet amelynek ami amikor amit amolyan amíg annak arra arról az azok azon azonban azt aztán azután azzal azért be belül benne bár cikk cikkek cikkeket csak de e ebben eddig egy egyes egyetlen egyik egyre egyéb egész ehhez ekkor el ellen elsõ elég elõ elõször elõtt emilyen ennek erre ez ezek ezen ezt ezzel ezért fel felé hanem hiszen hogy hogyan igen ill ill. illetve ilyen ilyenkor ismét ison itt jobban jó jól kell kellett keressünk keresztül ki kívül között közül legalább legyen lehet lehetett lenne lenni lesz lett maga magát majd majd meg mellett mely melyek mert mi mikor milyen minden mindenki mindent mindig mint mintha mit mivel miért most már más másik még míg nagy nagyobb nagyon ne nekem neki nem nincs néha néhány nélkül olyan ott pedig persze rá s saját sem semmi sok sokat sokkal szemben szerint szinte számára talán tehát teljes tovább továbbá több ugyanis utolsó után utána vagy vagyis vagyok valaki valami valamint való van vannak vele vissza viszont volna volt voltak voltam voltunk által általában át én éppen és így õ õk õket össze úgy új újabb újra".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hu.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hu")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..344b6a3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.it.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Italian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.it=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.it.trimmer,e.it.stopWordFilter,e.it.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.it.stemmer))},e.it.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.it.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.it.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.trimmer,"trimmer-it"),e.it.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(e,r,n){return!(!x.eq_s(1,e)||(x.ket=x.cursor,!x.in_grouping(L,97,249)))&&(x.slice_from(r),x.cursor=n,!0)}function i(){for(var r,n,i,o,t=x.cursor;;){if(x.bra=x.cursor,r=x.find_among(h,7))switch(x.ket=x.cursor,r){case 1:x.slice_from("à");continue;case 2:x.slice_from("è");continue;case 3:x.slice_from("ì");continue;case 4:x.slice_from("ò");continue;case 5:x.slice_from("ù");continue;case 6:x.slice_from("qU");continue;case 7:if(x.cursor>=x.limit)break;x.cursor++;continue}break}for(x.cursor=t;;)for(n=x.cursor;;){if(i=x.cursor,x.in_grouping(L,97,249)){if(x.bra=x.cursor,o=x.cursor,e("u","U",i))break;if(x.cursor=o,e("i","I",i))break}if(x.cursor=i,x.cursor>=x.limit)return void(x.cursor=n);x.cursor++}}function o(e){if(x.cursor=e,!x.in_grouping(L,97,249))return!1;for(;!x.out_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}return!0}function t(){if(x.in_grouping(L,97,249)){var e=x.cursor;if(x.out_grouping(L,97,249)){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return o(e);x.cursor++}return!0}return o(e)}return!1}function s(){var e,r=x.cursor;if(!t()){if(x.cursor=r,!x.out_grouping(L,97,249))return;if(e=x.cursor,x.out_grouping(L,97,249)){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return x.cursor=e,void(x.in_grouping(L,97,249)&&x.cursor<x.limit&&x.cursor++);x.cursor++}return void(k=x.cursor)}if(x.cursor=e,!x.in_grouping(L,97,249)||x.cursor>=x.limit)return;x.cursor++}k=x.cursor}function a(){for(;!x.in_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}for(;!x.out_grouping(L,97,249);){if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return!1;x.cursor++}return!0}function u(){var e=x.cursor;k=x.limit,p=k,g=k,s(),x.cursor=e,a()&&(p=x.cursor,a()&&(g=x.cursor))}function c(){for(var e;;){if(x.bra=x.cursor,!(e=x.find_among(q,3)))break;switch(x.ket=x.cursor,e){case 1:x.slice_from("i");break;case 2:x.slice_from("u");break;case 3:if(x.cursor>=x.limit)return;x.cursor++}}}function w(){return k<=x.cursor}function l(){return p<=x.cursor}function m(){return g<=x.cursor}function f(){var e;if(x.ket=x.cursor,x.find_among_b(C,37)&&(x.bra=x.cursor,(e=x.find_among_b(z,5))&&w()))switch(e){case 1:x.slice_del();break;case 2:x.slice_from("e")}}function v(){var e;if(x.ket=x.cursor,!(e=x.find_among_b(S,51)))return!1;switch(x.bra=x.cursor,e){case 1:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del();break;case 2:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"ic")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del());break;case 3:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("log");break;case 4:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("u");break;case 5:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_from("ente");break;case 6:if(!w())return!1;x.slice_del();break;case 7:if(!l())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(P,4),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&(x.slice_del(),1==e&&(x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del()))));break;case 8:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(F,3),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,1==e&&m()&&x.slice_del());break;case 9:if(!m())return!1;x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"at")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&(x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(2,"ic")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,m()&&x.slice_del())))}return!0}function b(){var e,r;x.cursor>=k&&(r=x.limit_backward,x.limit_backward=k,x.ket=x.cursor,e=x.find_among_b(W,87),e&&(x.bra=x.cursor,1==e&&x.slice_del()),x.limit_backward=r)}function d(){var e=x.limit-x.cursor;if(x.ket=x.cursor,x.in_grouping_b(y,97,242)&&(x.bra=x.cursor,w()&&(x.slice_del(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(1,"i")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,w()))))return void x.slice_del();x.cursor=x.limit-e}function _(){d(),x.ket=x.cursor,x.eq_s_b(1,"h")&&(x.bra=x.cursor,x.in_grouping_b(U,99,103)&&w()&&x.slice_del())}var g,p,k,h=[new r("",-1,7),new r("qu",0,6),new r("á",0,1),new r("é",0,2),new r("í",0,3),new r("ó",0,4),new r("ú",0,5)],q=[new r("",-1,3),new r("I",0,1),new r("U",0,2)],C=[new r("la",-1,-1),new r("cela",0,-1),new r("gliela",0,-1),new r("mela",0,-1),new r("tela",0,-1),new r("vela",0,-1),new r("le",-1,-1),new r("cele",6,-1),new r("gliele",6,-1),new r("mele",6,-1),new r("tele",6,-1),new r("vele",6,-1),new r("ne",-1,-1),new r("cene",12,-1),new r("gliene",12,-1),new r("mene",12,-1),new r("sene",12,-1),new r("tene",12,-1),new r("vene",12,-1),new r("ci",-1,-1),new r("li",-1,-1),new r("celi",20,-1),new r("glieli",20,-1),new r("meli",20,-1),new r("teli",20,-1),new r("veli",20,-1),new r("gli",20,-1),new r("mi",-1,-1),new r("si",-1,-1),new r("ti",-1,-1),new r("vi",-1,-1),new r("lo",-1,-1),new r("celo",31,-1),new r("glielo",31,-1),new r("melo",31,-1),new r("telo",31,-1),new r("velo",31,-1)],z=[new r("ando",-1,1),new r("endo",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,2),new r("er",-1,2),new r("ir",-1,2)],P=[new r("ic",-1,-1),new r("abil",-1,-1),new r("os",-1,-1),new r("iv",-1,1)],F=[new r("ic",-1,1),new r("abil",-1,1),new r("iv",-1,1)],S=[new r("ica",-1,1),new r("logia",-1,3),new r("osa",-1,1),new r("ista",-1,1),new r("iva",-1,9),new r("anza",-1,1),new r("enza",-1,5),new r("ice",-1,1),new r("atrice",7,1),new r("iche",-1,1),new r("logie",-1,3),new r("abile",-1,1),new r("ibile",-1,1),new r("usione",-1,4),new r("azione",-1,2),new r("uzione",-1,4),new r("atore",-1,2),new r("ose",-1,1),new r("ante",-1,1),new r("mente",-1,1),new r("amente",19,7),new r("iste",-1,1),new r("ive",-1,9),new r("anze",-1,1),new r("enze",-1,5),new r("ici",-1,1),new r("atrici",25,1),new r("ichi",-1,1),new r("abili",-1,1),new r("ibili",-1,1),new r("ismi",-1,1),new r("usioni",-1,4),new r("azioni",-1,2),new r("uzioni",-1,4),new r("atori",-1,2),new r("osi",-1,1),new r("anti",-1,1),new r("amenti",-1,6),new r("imenti",-1,6),new r("isti",-1,1),new r("ivi",-1,9),new r("ico",-1,1),new r("ismo",-1,1),new r("oso",-1,1),new r("amento",-1,6),new r("imento",-1,6),new r("ivo",-1,9),new r("ità",-1,8),new r("istà",-1,1),new r("istè",-1,1),new r("istì",-1,1)],W=[new r("isca",-1,1),new r("enda",-1,1),new r("ata",-1,1),new r("ita",-1,1),new r("uta",-1,1),new r("ava",-1,1),new r("eva",-1,1),new r("iva",-1,1),new r("erebbe",-1,1),new r("irebbe",-1,1),new r("isce",-1,1),new r("ende",-1,1),new r("are",-1,1),new r("ere",-1,1),new r("ire",-1,1),new r("asse",-1,1),new r("ate",-1,1),new r("avate",16,1),new r("evate",16,1),new r("ivate",16,1),new r("ete",-1,1),new r("erete",20,1),new r("irete",20,1),new r("ite",-1,1),new r("ereste",-1,1),new r("ireste",-1,1),new r("ute",-1,1),new r("erai",-1,1),new r("irai",-1,1),new r("isci",-1,1),new r("endi",-1,1),new r("erei",-1,1),new r("irei",-1,1),new r("assi",-1,1),new r("ati",-1,1),new r("iti",-1,1),new r("eresti",-1,1),new r("iresti",-1,1),new r("uti",-1,1),new r("avi",-1,1),new r("evi",-1,1),new r("ivi",-1,1),new r("isco",-1,1),new r("ando",-1,1),new r("endo",-1,1),new r("Yamo",-1,1),new r("iamo",-1,1),new r("avamo",-1,1),new r("evamo",-1,1),new r("ivamo",-1,1),new r("eremo",-1,1),new r("iremo",-1,1),new r("assimo",-1,1),new r("ammo",-1,1),new r("emmo",-1,1),new r("eremmo",54,1),new r("iremmo",54,1),new r("immo",-1,1),new r("ano",-1,1),new r("iscano",58,1),new r("avano",58,1),new r("evano",58,1),new r("ivano",58,1),new r("eranno",-1,1),new r("iranno",-1,1),new r("ono",-1,1),new r("iscono",65,1),new r("arono",65,1),new r("erono",65,1),new r("irono",65,1),new r("erebbero",-1,1),new r("irebbero",-1,1),new r("assero",-1,1),new r("essero",-1,1),new r("issero",-1,1),new r("ato",-1,1),new r("ito",-1,1),new r("uto",-1,1),new r("avo",-1,1),new r("evo",-1,1),new r("ivo",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("ir",-1,1),new r("erà",-1,1),new r("irà",-1,1),new r("erò",-1,1),new r("irò",-1,1)],L=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128,128,8,2,1],y=[17,65,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128,128,8,2],U=[17],x=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){x.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return x.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=x.cursor;return i(),x.cursor=e,u(),x.limit_backward=e,x.cursor=x.limit,f(),x.cursor=x.limit,v()||(x.cursor=x.limit,b()),x.cursor=x.limit,_(),x.cursor=x.limit_backward,c(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.stemmer,"stemmer-it"),e.it.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("a abbia abbiamo abbiano abbiate ad agl agli ai al all alla alle allo anche avemmo avendo avesse avessero avessi avessimo aveste avesti avete aveva avevamo avevano avevate avevi avevo avrai avranno avrebbe avrebbero avrei avremmo avremo avreste avresti avrete avrà avrò avuta avute avuti avuto c che chi ci coi col come con contro cui da dagl dagli dai dal dall dalla dalle dallo degl degli dei del dell della delle dello di dov dove e ebbe ebbero ebbi ed era erano eravamo eravate eri ero essendo faccia facciamo facciano facciate faccio facemmo facendo facesse facessero facessi facessimo faceste facesti faceva facevamo facevano facevate facevi facevo fai fanno farai faranno farebbe farebbero farei faremmo faremo fareste faresti farete farà farò fece fecero feci fosse fossero fossi fossimo foste fosti fu fui fummo furono gli ha hai hanno ho i il in io l la le lei li lo loro lui ma mi mia mie miei mio ne negl negli nei nel nell nella nelle nello noi non nostra nostre nostri nostro o per perché più quale quanta quante quanti quanto quella quelle quelli quello questa queste questi questo sarai saranno sarebbe sarebbero sarei saremmo saremo sareste saresti sarete sarà sarò se sei si sia siamo siano siate siete sono sta stai stando stanno starai staranno starebbe starebbero starei staremmo staremo stareste staresti starete starà starò stava stavamo stavano stavate stavi stavo stemmo stesse stessero stessi stessimo steste stesti stette stettero stetti stia stiamo stiano stiate sto su sua sue sugl sugli sui sul sull sulla sulle sullo suo suoi ti tra tu tua tue tuo tuoi tutti tutto un una uno vi voi vostra vostre vostri vostro è".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.it.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-it")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5f254ebe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.ja=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ja.trimmer,e.ja.stopWordFilter,e.ja.stemmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.ja.tokenizer))};var t=new e.TinySegmenter;e.ja.tokenizer=function(i){var n,o,s,p,a,u,m,l,c,f;if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});for(o=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,""),n=o.length-1;n>=0;n--)if(/\S/.test(o.charAt(n))){o=o.substring(0,n+1);break}for(a=[],s=o.length,c=0,l=0;c<=s;c++)if(u=o.charAt(c),m=c-l,u.match(/\s/)||c==s){if(m>0)for(p=t.segment(o.slice(l,c)).filter(function(e){return!!e}),f=l,n=0;n<p.length;n++)r?a.push(new e.Token(p[n],{position:[f,p[n].length],index:a.length})):a.push(p[n]),f+=p[n].length;l=c+1}return a},e.ja.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return e}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.stemmer,"stemmer-ja"),e.ja.wordCharacters="一二三四五六七八九十百千万億兆一-龠々〆ヵヶぁ-んァ-ヴーｱ-ﾝﾞa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.ja.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ja.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.trimmer,"trimmer-ja"),e.ja.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("これ それ あれ この その あの ここ そこ あそこ こちら どこ だれ なに なん 何 私 貴方 貴方方 我々 私達 あの人 あのかた 彼女 彼 です あります おります います は が の に を で え から まで より も どの と し それで しかし".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ja"),e.jp=e.ja,e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.stemmer,"stemmer-jp"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.trimmer,"trimmer-jp"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-jp")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.jp.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.jp.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c055ebaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.jp.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports=require("./lunr.ja");
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ko.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ko.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..749abfe0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ko.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.ko=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ko.trimmer,e.ko.stopWordFilter)},e.ko.wordCharacters="[A-Za-z가-힯a]",e.ko.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ko.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ko.trimmer,"trimmer-ko"),e.ko.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("아 휴 아이구 아이쿠 아이고 어 나 우리 저희 따라 의해 을 를 에 의 가 으로 로 에게 뿐이다 의거하여 근거하여 입각하여 기준으로 예하면 예를 들면 예를 들자면 저 소인 소생 저희 지말고 하지마 하지마라 다른 물론 또한 그리고 비길수 없다 해서는 안된다 뿐만 아니라 만이 아니다 만은 아니다 막론하고 관계없이 그치지 않다 그러나 그런데 하지만 든간에 논하지 않다 따지지 않다 설사 비록 더라도 아니면 만 못하다 하는 편이 낫다 불문하고 향하여 향해서 향하다 쪽으로 틈타 이용하여 타다 오르다 제외하고 이 외에 이 밖에 하여야 비로소 한다면 몰라도 외에도 이곳 여기 부터 기점으로 따라서 할 생각이다 하려고하다 이리하여 그리하여 그렇게 함으로써 하지만 일때 할때 앞에서 중에서 보는데서 으로써 로써 까지 해야한다 일것이다 반드시 할줄알다 할수있다 할수있어 임에 틀림없다 한다면 등 등등 제 겨우 단지 다만 할뿐 딩동 댕그 대해서 대하여 대하면 훨씬 얼마나 얼마만큼 얼마큼 남짓 여 얼마간 약간 다소 좀 조금 다수 몇 얼마 지만 하물며 또한 그러나 그렇지만 하지만 이외에도 대해 말하자면 뿐이다 다음에 반대로 반대로 말하자면 이와 반대로 바꾸어서 말하면 바꾸어서 한다면 만약 그렇지않으면 까악 툭 딱 삐걱거리다 보드득 비걱거리다 꽈당 응당 해야한다 에 가서 각 각각 여러분 각종 각자 제각기 하도록하다 와 과 그러므로 그래서 고로 한 까닭에 하기 때문에 거니와 이지만 대하여 관하여 관한 과연 실로 아니나다를가 생각한대로 진짜로 한적이있다 하곤하였다 하 하하 허허 아하 거바 와 오 왜 어째서 무엇때문에 어찌 하겠는가 무슨 어디 어느곳 더군다나 하물며 더욱이는 어느때 언제 야 이봐 어이 여보시오 흐흐 흥 휴 헉헉 헐떡헐떡 영차 여차 어기여차 끙끙 아야 앗 아야 콸콸 졸졸 좍좍 뚝뚝 주룩주룩 솨 우르르 그래도 또 그리고 바꾸어말하면 바꾸어말하자면 혹은 혹시 답다 및 그에 따르는 때가 되어 즉 지든지 설령 가령 하더라도 할지라도 일지라도 지든지 몇 거의 하마터면 인젠 이젠 된바에야 된이상 만큼\t어찌됏든 그위에 게다가 점에서 보아 비추어 보아 고려하면 하게될것이다 일것이다 비교적 좀 보다더 비하면 시키다 하게하다 할만하다 의해서 연이서 이어서 잇따라 뒤따라 뒤이어 결국 의지하여 기대여 통하여 자마자 더욱더 불구하고 얼마든지 마음대로 주저하지 않고 곧 즉시 바로 당장 하자마자 밖에 안된다 하면된다 그래 그렇지 요컨대 다시 말하자면 바꿔 말하면 즉 구체적으로 말하자면 시작하여 시초에 이상 허 헉 허걱 바와같이 해도좋다 해도된다 게다가 더구나 하물며 와르르 팍 퍽 펄렁 동안 이래 하고있었다 이었다 에서 로부터 까지 예하면 했어요 해요 함께 같이 더불어 마저 마저도 양자 모두 습니다 가까스로 하려고하다 즈음하여 다른 다른 방면으로 해봐요 습니까 했어요 말할것도 없고 무릎쓰고 개의치않고 하는것만 못하다 하는것이 낫다 매 매번 들 모 어느것 어느 로써 갖고말하자면 어디 어느쪽 어느것 어느해 어느 년도 라 해도 언젠가 어떤것 어느것 저기 저쪽 저것 그때 그럼 그러면 요만한걸 그래 그때 저것만큼 그저 이르기까지 할 줄 안다 할 힘이 있다 너 너희 당신 어찌 설마 차라리 할지언정 할지라도 할망정 할지언정 구토하다 게우다 토하다 메쓰겁다 옆사람 퉤 쳇 의거하여 근거하여 의해 따라 힘입어 그 다음 버금 두번째로 기타 첫번째로 나머지는 그중에서 견지에서 형식으로 쓰여 입장에서 위해서 단지 의해되다 하도록시키다 뿐만아니라 반대로 전후 전자 앞의것 잠시 잠깐 하면서 그렇지만 다음에 그러한즉 그런즉 남들 아무거나 어찌하든지 같다 비슷하다 예컨대 이럴정도로 어떻게 만약 만일 위에서 서술한바와같이 인 듯하다 하지 않는다면 만약에 무엇 무슨 어느 어떤 아래윗 조차 한데 그럼에도 불구하고 여전히 심지어 까지도 조차도 하지 않도록 않기 위하여 때 시각 무렵 시간 동안 어때 어떠한 하여금 네 예 우선 누구 누가 알겠는가 아무도 줄은모른다 줄은 몰랏다 하는 김에 겸사겸사 하는바 그런 까닭에 한 이유는 그러니 그러니까 때문에 그 너희 그들 너희들 타인 것 것들 너 위하여 공동으로 동시에 하기 위하여 어찌하여 무엇때문에 붕붕 윙윙 나 우리 엉엉 휘익 윙윙 오호 아하 어쨋든 만 못하다\t하기보다는 차라리 하는 편이 낫다 흐흐 놀라다 상대적으로 말하자면 마치 아니라면 쉿 그렇지 않으면 그렇지 않다면 안 그러면 아니었다면 하든지 아니면 이라면 좋아 알았어 하는것도 그만이다 어쩔수 없다 하나 일 일반적으로 일단 한켠으로는 오자마자 이렇게되면 이와같다면 전부 한마디 한항목 근거로 하기에 아울러 하지 않도록 않기 위해서 이르기까지 이 되다 로 인하여 까닭으로 이유만으로 이로 인하여 그래서 이 때문에 그러므로 그런 까닭에 알 수 있다 결론을 낼 수 있다 으로 인하여 있다 어떤것 관계가 있다 관련이 있다 연관되다 어떤것들 에 대해 이리하여 그리하여 여부 하기보다는 하느니 하면 할수록 운운 이러이러하다 하구나 하도다 다시말하면 다음으로 에 있다 에 달려 있다 우리 우리들 오히려 하기는한데 어떻게 어떻해 어찌됏어 어때 어째서 본대로 자 이 이쪽 여기 이것 이번 이렇게말하자면 이런 이러한 이와 같은 요만큼 요만한 것 얼마 안 되는 것 이만큼 이 정도의 이렇게 많은 것 이와 같다 이때 이렇구나 것과 같이 끼익 삐걱 따위 와 같은 사람들 부류의 사람들 왜냐하면 중의하나 오직 오로지 에 한하다 하기만 하면 도착하다 까지 미치다 도달하다 정도에 이르다 할 지경이다 결과에 이르다 관해서는 여러분 하고 있다 한 후 혼자 자기 자기집 자신 우에 종합한것과같이 총적으로 보면 총적으로 말하면 총적으로 대로 하다 으로서 참 그만이다 할 따름이다 쿵 탕탕 쾅쾅 둥둥 봐 봐라 아이야 아니 와아 응 아이 참나 년 월 일 령 영 일 이 삼 사 오 육 륙 칠 팔 구 이천육 이천칠 이천팔 이천구 하나 둘 셋 넷 다섯 여섯 일곱 여덟 아홉 령 영".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ko.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ko"),e.ko.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ko.stemmer,"stemmer-ko")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.multi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.multi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7debad09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.multi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){e.multiLanguage=function(){for(var t=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),i=t.join("-"),r="",n=[],s=[],p=0;p<t.length;++p)"en"==t[p]?(r+="\\w",n.unshift(e.stopWordFilter),n.push(e.stemmer),s.push(e.stemmer)):(r+=e[t[p]].wordCharacters,e[t[p]].stopWordFilter&&n.unshift(e[t[p]].stopWordFilter),e[t[p]].stemmer&&(n.push(e[t[p]].stemmer),s.push(e[t[p]].stemmer)));var o=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r);return e.Pipeline.registerFunction(o,"lunr-multi-trimmer-"+i),n.unshift(o),function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add.apply(this.pipeline,n),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add.apply(this.searchPipeline,s))}}}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.nl.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.nl.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c4a25359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.nl.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Dutch` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(r,e){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=e():e()(r.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(r){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");r.nl=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(r.nl.trimmer,r.nl.stopWordFilter,r.nl.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(r.nl.stemmer))},r.nl.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",r.nl.trimmer=r.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r.nl.wordCharacters),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.nl.trimmer,"trimmer-nl"),r.nl.stemmer=function(){var e=r.stemmerSupport.Among,i=r.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function r(){for(var r,e,i,o=C.cursor;;){if(C.bra=C.cursor,r=C.find_among(b,11))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,r){case 1:C.slice_from("a");continue;case 2:C.slice_from("e");continue;case 3:C.slice_from("i");continue;case 4:C.slice_from("o");continue;case 5:C.slice_from("u");continue;case 6:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)break;C.cursor++;continue}break}for(C.cursor=o,C.bra=o,C.eq_s(1,"y")?(C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y")):C.cursor=o;;)if(e=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)){if(i=C.cursor,C.bra=i,C.eq_s(1,"i"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.in_grouping(q,97,232)&&(C.slice_from("I"),C.cursor=e);else if(C.cursor=i,C.eq_s(1,"y"))C.ket=C.cursor,C.slice_from("Y"),C.cursor=e;else if(n(e))break}else if(n(e))break}function n(r){return C.cursor=r,r>=C.limit||(C.cursor++,!1)}function o(){_=C.limit,d=_,t()||(_=C.cursor,_<3&&(_=3),t()||(d=C.cursor))}function t(){for(;!C.in_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}for(;!C.out_grouping(q,97,232);){if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return!0;C.cursor++}return!1}function s(){for(var r;;)if(C.bra=C.cursor,r=C.find_among(p,3))switch(C.ket=C.cursor,r){case 1:C.slice_from("y");break;case 2:C.slice_from("i");break;case 3:if(C.cursor>=C.limit)return;C.cursor++}}function u(){return _<=C.cursor}function c(){return d<=C.cursor}function a(){var r=C.limit-C.cursor;C.find_among_b(g,3)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del()))}function l(){var r;w=!1,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,u()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),w=!0,a())))}function m(){var r;u()&&(r=C.limit-C.cursor,C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.eq_s_b(3,"gem")||(C.cursor=C.limit-r,C.slice_del(),a())))}function f(){var r,e,i,n,o,t,s=C.limit-C.cursor;if(C.ket=C.cursor,r=C.find_among_b(h,5))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,r){case 1:u()&&C.slice_from("heid");break;case 2:m();break;case 3:u()&&C.out_grouping_b(j,97,232)&&C.slice_del()}if(C.cursor=C.limit-s,l(),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(4,"heid")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(e=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"c")||(C.cursor=C.limit-e,C.slice_del(),C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"en")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,m())))),C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.ket=C.cursor,r=C.find_among_b(k,6))switch(C.bra=C.cursor,r){case 1:if(c()){if(C.slice_del(),i=C.limit-C.cursor,C.ket=C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&(C.bra=C.cursor,c()&&(n=C.limit-C.cursor,!C.eq_s_b(1,"e")))){C.cursor=C.limit-n,C.slice_del();break}C.cursor=C.limit-i,a()}break;case 2:c()&&(o=C.limit-C.cursor,C.eq_s_b(1,"e")||(C.cursor=C.limit-o,C.slice_del()));break;case 3:c()&&(C.slice_del(),l());break;case 4:c()&&C.slice_del();break;case 5:c()&&w&&C.slice_del()}C.cursor=C.limit-s,C.out_grouping_b(z,73,232)&&(t=C.limit-C.cursor,C.find_among_b(v,4)&&C.out_grouping_b(q,97,232)&&(C.cursor=C.limit-t,C.ket=C.cursor,C.cursor>C.limit_backward&&(C.cursor--,C.bra=C.cursor,C.slice_del())))}var d,_,w,b=[new e("",-1,6),new e("á",0,1),new e("ä",0,1),new e("é",0,2),new e("ë",0,2),new e("í",0,3),new e("ï",0,3),new e("ó",0,4),new e("ö",0,4),new e("ú",0,5),new e("ü",0,5)],p=[new e("",-1,3),new e("I",0,2),new e("Y",0,1)],g=[new e("dd",-1,-1),new e("kk",-1,-1),new e("tt",-1,-1)],h=[new e("ene",-1,2),new e("se",-1,3),new e("en",-1,2),new e("heden",2,1),new e("s",-1,3)],k=[new e("end",-1,1),new e("ig",-1,2),new e("ing",-1,1),new e("lijk",-1,3),new e("baar",-1,4),new e("bar",-1,5)],v=[new e("aa",-1,-1),new e("ee",-1,-1),new e("oo",-1,-1),new e("uu",-1,-1)],q=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],z=[1,0,0,17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],j=[17,67,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,128],C=new i;this.setCurrent=function(r){C.setCurrent(r)},this.getCurrent=function(){return C.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var e=C.cursor;return r(),C.cursor=e,o(),C.limit_backward=e,C.cursor=C.limit,f(),C.cursor=C.limit_backward,s(),!0}};return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.nl.stemmer,"stemmer-nl"),r.nl.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter(" aan al alles als altijd andere ben bij daar dan dat de der deze die dit doch doen door dus een eens en er ge geen geweest haar had heb hebben heeft hem het hier hij hoe hun iemand iets ik in is ja je kan kon kunnen maar me meer men met mij mijn moet na naar niet niets nog nu of om omdat onder ons ook op over reeds te tegen toch toen tot u uit uw van veel voor want waren was wat werd wezen wie wil worden wordt zal ze zelf zich zij zijn zo zonder zou".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.nl.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-nl")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..92bc7e4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Norwegian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.no=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.no.trimmer,e.no.stopWordFilter,e.no.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.no.stemmer))},e.no.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.no.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.no.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.trimmer,"trimmer-no"),e.no.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(a=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(s=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(d,97,248)){w.cursor=e;break}if(e>=w.limit)return;w.cursor=e+1}for(;!w.out_grouping(d,97,248);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}a=w.cursor,a<s&&(a=s)}}function i(){var e,r,n;if(w.cursor>=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,29),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:n=w.limit-w.cursor,w.in_grouping_b(c,98,122)?w.slice_del():(w.cursor=w.limit-n,w.eq_s_b(1,"k")&&w.out_grouping_b(d,97,248)&&w.slice_del());break;case 3:w.slice_from("er")}}function t(){var e,r=w.limit-w.cursor;w.cursor>=a&&(e=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,w.find_among_b(u,2)?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=e,w.cursor=w.limit-r,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.cursor--,w.bra=w.cursor,w.slice_del())):w.limit_backward=e)}function o(){var e,r;w.cursor>=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(l,11),e?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=r,1==e&&w.slice_del()):w.limit_backward=r)}var s,a,m=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ede",1,1),new r("ande",1,1),new r("ende",1,1),new r("ane",1,1),new r("ene",1,1),new r("hetene",6,1),new r("erte",1,3),new r("en",-1,1),new r("heten",9,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",12,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",14,1),new r("es",14,1),new r("edes",16,1),new r("endes",16,1),new r("enes",16,1),new r("hetenes",19,1),new r("ens",14,1),new r("hetens",21,1),new r("ers",14,1),new r("ets",14,1),new r("et",-1,1),new r("het",25,1),new r("ert",-1,3),new r("ast",-1,1)],u=[new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("vt",-1,-1)],l=[new r("leg",-1,1),new r("eleg",0,1),new r("ig",-1,1),new r("eig",2,1),new r("lig",2,1),new r("elig",4,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("lov",-1,1),new r("elov",7,1),new r("slov",7,1),new r("hetslov",9,1)],d=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],c=[119,125,149,1],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stemmer,"stemmer-no"),e.no.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alle at av bare begge ble blei bli blir blitt både båe da de deg dei deim deira deires dem den denne der dere deres det dette di din disse ditt du dykk dykkar då eg ein eit eitt eller elles en enn er et ett etter for fordi fra før ha hadde han hans har hennar henne hennes her hjå ho hoe honom hoss hossen hun hva hvem hver hvilke hvilken hvis hvor hvordan hvorfor i ikke ikkje ikkje ingen ingi inkje inn inni ja jeg kan kom korleis korso kun kunne kva kvar kvarhelst kven kvi kvifor man mange me med medan meg meget mellom men mi min mine mitt mot mykje ned no noe noen noka noko nokon nokor nokre nå når og også om opp oss over på samme seg selv si si sia sidan siden sin sine sitt sjøl skal skulle slik so som som somme somt så sånn til um upp ut uten var vart varte ved vere verte vi vil ville vore vors vort vår være være vært å".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-no")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6c16996d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.pt.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Portuguese` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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pelas pelo pelos por qual quando que quem se seja sejam sejamos sem serei seremos seria seriam será serão seríamos seu seus somos sou sua suas são só também te tem temos tenha tenham tenhamos tenho terei teremos teria teriam terá terão teríamos teu teus teve tinha tinham tive tivemos tiver tivera tiveram tiverem tivermos tivesse tivessem tivéramos tivéssemos tu tua tuas tém tínhamos um uma você vocês vos à às éramos".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.pt.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-pt")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..72771401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ro.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Romanian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,i){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(i):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=i():i()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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dă ea ei el ele eram este eu eşti face fata fi fie fiecare fii fim fiu fiţi frumos fără graţie halbă iar ieri la le li lor lui lângă lîngă mai mea mei mele mereu meu mi mie mine mult multă mulţi mulţumesc mâine mîine mă ne nevoie nici nicăieri nimeni nimeri nimic nişte noastre noastră noi noroc nostru nouă noştri nu opt ori oricare orice oricine oricum oricând oricât oricînd oricît oriunde patra patru patrulea pe pentru peste pic poate pot prea prima primul prin puţin puţina puţină până pînă rog sa sale sau se spate spre sub sunt suntem sunteţi sută sînt sîntem sînteţi să săi său ta tale te timp tine toate toată tot totuşi toţi trei treia treilea tu tăi tău un una unde undeva unei uneia unele uneori unii unor unora unu unui unuia unul vi voastre voastră voi vostru vouă voştri vreme vreo vreun vă zece zero zi zice îi îl îmi împotriva în  înainte înaintea încotro încât încît între întrucât întrucît îţi ăla ălea ăsta ăstea ăştia şapte şase şi ştiu ţi ţie".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ro.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ro")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..186cc485
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ru.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Russian` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,n){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=n():n()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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n("ыло",24,2),new n("но",-1,1),new n("ено",27,2),new n("нно",27,1),new n("ет",-1,1),new n("ует",30,2),new n("ит",-1,2),new n("ыт",-1,2),new n("ют",-1,1),new n("уют",34,2),new n("ят",-1,2),new n("ны",-1,1),new n("ены",37,2),new n("ть",-1,1),new n("ить",39,2),new n("ыть",39,2),new n("ешь",-1,1),new n("ишь",-1,2),new n("ю",-1,2),new n("ую",44,2)],v=[new n("а",-1,1),new n("ев",-1,1),new n("ов",-1,1),new n("е",-1,1),new n("ие",3,1),new n("ье",3,1),new n("и",-1,1),new n("еи",6,1),new n("ии",6,1),new n("ами",6,1),new n("ями",6,1),new n("иями",10,1),new n("й",-1,1),new n("ей",12,1),new n("ией",13,1),new n("ий",12,1),new n("ой",12,1),new n("ам",-1,1),new n("ем",-1,1),new n("ием",18,1),new n("ом",-1,1),new n("ям",-1,1),new n("иям",21,1),new n("о",-1,1),new n("у",-1,1),new n("ах",-1,1),new n("ях",-1,1),new n("иях",26,1),new n("ы",-1,1),new n("ь",-1,1),new n("ю",-1,1),new n("ию",30,1),new n("ью",30,1),new n("я",-1,1),new n("ия",33,1),new n("ья",33,1)],F=[new n("ост",-1,1),new n("ость",-1,1)],q=[new n("ейше",-1,1),new n("н",-1,2),new n("ейш",-1,1),new n("ь",-1,3)],S=[33,65,8,232],W=new r;this.setCurrent=function(e){W.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return W.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){return w(),W.cursor=W.limit,!(W.cursor<b)&&(W.limit_backward=b,o()||(W.cursor=W.limit,f()||(W.cursor=W.limit),m()||(W.cursor=W.limit,l()||(W.cursor=W.limit,a()))),W.cursor=W.limit,W.ket=W.cursor,W.eq_s_b(1,"и")?(W.bra=W.cursor,W.slice_del()):W.cursor=W.limit,p(),W.cursor=W.limit,d(),!0)}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent()}):(t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ru.stemmer,"stemmer-ru"),e.ru.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("алло без близко более больше будем будет будете будешь будто буду будут будь бы бывает бывь был была были было быть в важная важное важные важный вам вами вас ваш ваша ваше ваши вверх вдали вдруг ведь везде весь вниз внизу во вокруг вон восемнадцатый восемнадцать восемь восьмой вот впрочем времени время все всегда всего всем всеми всему всех всею всю всюду вся всё второй вы г где говорил говорит год года году да давно даже далеко дальше даром два двадцатый двадцать две двенадцатый двенадцать двух девятнадцатый девятнадцать девятый девять действительно дел день десятый десять для до довольно долго должно другая другие других друго другое другой е его ее ей ему если есть еще ещё ею её ж же жизнь за занят занята занято заняты затем зато зачем здесь значит и из или им именно иметь ими имя иногда их к каждая каждое каждые каждый кажется как какая какой кем когда кого ком кому конечно которая которого которой которые который которых кроме кругом кто куда лет ли лишь лучше люди м мало между меля менее меньше меня миллионов мимо мира мне много многочисленная многочисленное многочисленные многочисленный мной мною мог могут мож может можно можхо мои мой мор мочь моя моё мы на наверху над надо назад наиболее наконец нам нами нас начала наш наша наше наши не него недавно недалеко нее ней нельзя нем немного нему непрерывно нередко несколько нет нею неё ни нибудь ниже низко никогда никуда ними них ничего но ну нужно нх о об оба обычно один одиннадцатый одиннадцать однажды однако одного одной около он она они оно опять особенно от отовсюду отсюда очень первый перед по под пожалуйста позже пока пор пора после посреди потом потому почему почти прекрасно при про просто против процентов пятнадцатый пятнадцать пятый пять раз разве рано раньше рядом с сам сама сами самим самими самих само самого самой самом самому саму свое своего своей свои своих свою сеаой себе себя сегодня седьмой сейчас семнадцатый семнадцать семь сих сказал сказала сказать сколько слишком сначала снова со собой собою совсем спасибо стал суть т та так такая также такие такое такой там твой твоя твоё те тебе тебя тем теми теперь тех то тобой тобою тогда того тоже только том тому тот тою третий три тринадцатый тринадцать ту туда тут ты тысяч у уж уже уметь хорошо хотеть хоть хотя хочешь часто чаще чего человек чем чему через четвертый четыре четырнадцатый четырнадцать что чтоб чтобы чуть шестнадцатый шестнадцать шестой шесть эта эти этим этими этих это этого этой этом этому этот эту я \ufeffа".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ru.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ru")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..abd4475b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(r,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(r.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(r){r.stemmerSupport={Among:function(r,t,i,s){if(this.toCharArray=function(r){for(var t=r.length,i=new Array(t),s=0;s<t;s++)i[s]=r.charCodeAt(s);return i},!r&&""!=r||!t&&0!=t||!i)throw"Bad Among initialisation: s:"+r+", substring_i: "+t+", result: "+i;this.s_size=r.length,this.s=this.toCharArray(r),this.substring_i=t,this.result=i,this.method=s},SnowballProgram:function(){var r;return{bra:0,ket:0,limit:0,cursor:0,limit_backward:0,setCurrent:function(t){r=t,this.cursor=0,this.limit=t.length,this.limit_backward=0,this.bra=this.cursor,this.ket=this.limit},getCurrent:function(){var t=r;return r=null,t},in_grouping:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor<this.limit){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor);if(e<=s&&e>=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},in_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e<=s&&e>=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},out_grouping:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor<this.limit){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor);if(e>s||e<i)return this.cursor++,!0;if(e-=i,!(t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},out_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e>s||e<i)return this.cursor--,!0;if(e-=i,!(t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},eq_s:function(t,i){if(this.limit-this.cursor<t)return!1;for(var s=0;s<t;s++)if(r.charCodeAt(this.cursor+s)!=i.charCodeAt(s))return!1;return this.cursor+=t,!0},eq_s_b:function(t,i){if(this.cursor-this.limit_backward<t)return!1;for(var s=0;s<t;s++)if(r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-t+s)!=i.charCodeAt(s))return!1;return this.cursor-=t,!0},find_among:function(t,i){for(var s=0,e=i,n=this.cursor,u=this.limit,o=0,h=0,c=!1;;){for(var a=s+(e-s>>1),f=0,l=o<h?o:h,_=t[a],m=l;m<_.s_size;m++){if(n+l==u){f=-1;break}if(f=r.charCodeAt(n+l)-_.s[m])break;l++}if(f<0?(e=a,h=l):(s=a,o=l),e-s<=1){if(s>0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},find_among_b:function(t,i){for(var s=0,e=i,n=this.cursor,u=this.limit_backward,o=0,h=0,c=!1;;){for(var a=s+(e-s>>1),f=0,l=o<h?o:h,_=t[a],m=_.s_size-1-l;m>=0;m--){if(n-l==u){f=-1;break}if(f=r.charCodeAt(n-1-l)-_.s[m])break;l++}if(f<0?(e=a,h=l):(s=a,o=l),e-s<=1){if(s>0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},replace_s:function(t,i,s){var e=s.length-(i-t),n=r.substring(0,t),u=r.substring(i);return r=n+s+u,this.limit+=e,this.cursor>=i?this.cursor+=e:this.cursor>t&&(this.cursor=t),e},slice_check:function(){if(this.bra<0||this.bra>this.ket||this.ket>this.limit||this.limit>r.length)throw"faulty slice operation"},slice_from:function(r){this.slice_check(),this.replace_s(this.bra,this.ket,r)},slice_del:function(){this.slice_from("")},insert:function(r,t,i){var s=this.replace_s(r,t,i);r<=this.bra&&(this.bra+=s),r<=this.ket&&(this.ket+=s)},slice_to:function(){return this.slice_check(),r.substring(this.bra,this.ket)},eq_v_b:function(r){return this.eq_s_b(r.length,r)}}}},r.trimmerSupport={generateTrimmer:function(r){var t=new RegExp("^[^"+r+"]+"),i=new RegExp("[^"+r+"]+$");return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}):r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}}}}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e5eb640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Swedish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.sv=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.sv.trimmer,e.sv.stopWordFilter,e.sv.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.sv.stemmer))},e.sv.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤﬀ-ﬆＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.sv.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.sv.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.trimmer,"trimmer-sv"),e.sv.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,t=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(o=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(a=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(l,97,246)){w.cursor=e;break}if(w.cursor=e,w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}for(;!w.out_grouping(l,97,246);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}o=w.cursor,o<a&&(o=a)}}function t(){var e,r=w.limit_backward;if(w.cursor>=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(u,37),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.in_grouping_b(d,98,121)&&w.slice_del()}}function i(){var e=w.limit_backward;w.cursor>=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.find_among_b(c,7)&&(w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.bra=--w.cursor,w.slice_del())),w.limit_backward=e)}function s(){var e,r;if(w.cursor>=o){if(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,5))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.slice_from("lös");break;case 3:w.slice_from("full")}w.limit_backward=r}}var a,o,u=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("arna",0,1),new r("erna",0,1),new r("heterna",2,1),new r("orna",0,1),new r("ad",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ade",6,1),new r("ande",6,1),new r("arne",6,1),new r("are",6,1),new r("aste",6,1),new r("en",-1,1),new r("anden",12,1),new r("aren",12,1),new r("heten",12,1),new r("ern",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",18,1),new r("or",-1,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",21,1),new r("arnas",22,1),new r("ernas",22,1),new r("ornas",22,1),new r("es",21,1),new r("ades",26,1),new r("andes",26,1),new r("ens",21,1),new r("arens",29,1),new r("hetens",29,1),new r("erns",21,1),new r("at",-1,1),new r("andet",-1,1),new r("het",-1,1),new r("ast",-1,1)],c=[new r("dd",-1,-1),new r("gd",-1,-1),new r("nn",-1,-1),new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("gt",-1,-1),new r("kt",-1,-1),new r("tt",-1,-1)],m=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("fullt",-1,3),new r("löst",-1,2)],l=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,24,0,32],d=[119,127,149],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,s(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent()}):(t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stemmer,"stemmer-sv"),e.sv.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alla allt att av blev bli blir blivit de dem den denna deras dess dessa det detta dig din dina ditt du där då efter ej eller en er era ert ett från för ha hade han hans har henne hennes hon honom hur här i icke ingen inom inte jag ju kan kunde man med mellan men mig min mina mitt mot mycket ni nu när någon något några och om oss på samma sedan sig sin sina sitta själv skulle som så sådan sådana sådant till under upp ut utan vad var vara varför varit varje vars vart vem vi vid vilka vilkas vilken vilket vår våra vårt än är åt över".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-sv")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a644bed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.ta=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ta.trimmer,e.ta.stopWordFilter,e.ta.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.ta.stemmer))},e.ta.wordCharacters="஀-உஊ-ஏஐ-ஙச-ட஠-னப-யர-ஹ஺-ிீ-௉ொ-௏ௐ-௙௚-௟௠-௩௪-௯௰-௹௺-௿a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.ta.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ta.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.trimmer,"trimmer-ta"),e.ta.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("அங்கு அங்கே அது அதை அந்த அவர் அவர்கள் அவள் அவன் அவை ஆக ஆகவே ஆகையால் ஆதலால் ஆதலினால் ஆனாலும் ஆனால் இங்கு இங்கே இது இதை இந்த இப்படி இவர் இவர்கள் இவள் இவன் இவை இவ்வளவு உனக்கு உனது உன் உன்னால் எங்கு எங்கே எது எதை எந்த எப்படி எவர் எவர்கள் எவள் எவன் எவை எவ்வளவு எனக்கு எனது எனவே என் என்ன என்னால் ஏது ஏன் தனது தன்னால் தானே தான் நாங்கள் நாம் நான் நீ நீங்கள்".split(" ")),e.ta.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.ta.tokenizer=function(r){if(!arguments.length||null==r||void 0==r)return[];if(Array.isArray(r))return r.map(function(t){return isLunr2?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});var i=r.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(i).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stemmer,"stemmer-ta"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ta")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dee3aac6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.th=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.th.trimmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.th.tokenizer))},e.th.wordCharacters="[฀-๿]",e.th.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.th.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.th.trimmer,"trimmer-th");var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.th.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t):t});var n=i.toString().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(n).split("|")}}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..563f6ec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.tr.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*!
+ * Lunr languages, `Turkish` language
+ * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
+ *
+ * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+/*!
+ * based on
+ * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
+ * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
+ * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
+ * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
+ */
+
+!function(r,i){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(i):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=i():i()(r.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(r){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. 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Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!(!Dr.eq_s_b(1,"ü")||!r(Zr,246,252))&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!0)}function t(r,i){var e,n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return r()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,Dr.cursor>Dr.limit_backward&&(Dr.cursor--,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,i()))?(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!0):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,r()?(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!1):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!(Dr.cursor<=Dr.limit_backward)&&(Dr.cursor--,!!i()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!0))))}function u(r){return t(r,function(){return Dr.in_grouping_b(Wr,97,305)})}function o(){return u(function(){return Dr.eq_s_b(1,"n")})}function s(){return u(function(){return Dr.eq_s_b(1,"s")})}function c(){return u(function(){return Dr.eq_s_b(1,"y")})}function l(){return t(function(){return Dr.in_grouping_b(Lr,105,305)},function(){return Dr.out_grouping_b(Wr,97,305)})}function a(){return Dr.find_among_b(ur,10)&&l()}function m(){return n()&&Dr.in_grouping_b(Lr,105,305)&&s()}function d(){return Dr.find_among_b(or,2)}function f(){return n()&&Dr.in_grouping_b(Lr,105,305)&&c()}function 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Dr.find_among_b(Pr,8)&&c()}function T(){return n()&&Dr.find_among_b(Fr,4)&&c()}function Z(){return Dr.eq_s_b(3,"ken")&&c()}function B(){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!(T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,E()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,j()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Z()))))}function D(){if(A()){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,C()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r))))),T())return!1}return!0}function G(){if(W()){Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,x()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,E()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,j()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r)))),nr=!1,!1}return!0}function H(){if(!L())return!0;var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!E()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!j())}function I(){var r,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!(S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,C()))))||(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r),!1)}function J(){var r,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,nr=!0,B()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,D()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,G()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,H()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,I()))))){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!x())return;Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,S()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,C()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,P()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,F()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r))))),T()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r)}Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del()}function K(){var r,i,e,n;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,h()){if(r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,p())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()?(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,a()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()))),!0;if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,w()){if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else{if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!a()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!m()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!K())))return!0;Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K())}return!0}if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,g()){if(n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,m())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K());else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!K())return!1;return!0}}return!1}function M(r){if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!g()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!k()))return!1;var i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,m())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K());else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!K())return!1;return!0}function N(r){if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!z()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!b()))return!1;var i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return!(!m()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!d()))&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()),!0)}function O(){var r,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;return Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!(!w()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,!v()))&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!(!W()||(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),!K()))||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!(a()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,m()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,K())))||(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()),!0)))}function Q(){var r,i,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!p()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!f()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!_())))return!1;if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,a())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i);else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!W())return!0;return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,K(),!0}function R(){var r,i,e=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),void K();if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,q())if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,d())Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del();else{if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!a()&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,!m())){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,!W())return;if(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),!K())return}Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K())}else if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!M(e)&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!N(e))){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,y())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,i=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor,void(a()?(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K())):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,W()?(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()):(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-i,K())));if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,!O()){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,d())return Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,void Dr.slice_del();Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,K()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Q()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,(a()||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-e,m()))&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,W()&&(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,Dr.slice_del(),K()))))}}}function U(){var r;if(Dr.ket=Dr.cursor,r=Dr.find_among_b(Sr,4))switch(Dr.bra=Dr.cursor,r){case 1:Dr.slice_from("p");break;case 2:Dr.slice_from("ç");break;case 3:Dr.slice_from("t");break;case 4:Dr.slice_from("k")}}function V(){for(;;){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(Dr.in_grouping_b(Wr,97,305)){Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r;break}if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.cursor<=Dr.limit_backward)return!1;Dr.cursor--}return!0}function X(r,i,e){if(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,V()){var n=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;if(!Dr.eq_s_b(1,i)&&(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-n,!Dr.eq_s_b(1,e)))return!0;Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r;var t=Dr.cursor;return Dr.insert(Dr.cursor,Dr.cursor,e),Dr.cursor=t,!1}return!0}function Y(){var r=Dr.limit-Dr.cursor;(Dr.eq_s_b(1,"d")||(Dr.cursor=Dr.limit-r,Dr.eq_s_b(1,"g")))&&X(r,"a","ı")&&X(r,"e","i")&&X(r,"o","u")&&X(r,"ö","ü")}function $(){for(var r,i=Dr.cursor,e=2;;){for(r=Dr.cursor;!Dr.in_grouping(Wr,97,305);){if(Dr.cursor>=Dr.limit)return Dr.cursor=r,!(e>0)&&(Dr.cursor=i,!0);Dr.cursor++}e--}}function rr(r,i,e){for(;!Dr.eq_s(i,e);){if(Dr.cursor>=Dr.limit)return!0;Dr.cursor++}return(tr=i)!=Dr.limit||(Dr.cursor=r,!1)}function ir(){var r=Dr.cursor;return!rr(r,2,"ad")||(Dr.cursor=r,!rr(r,5,"soyad"))}function er(){var r=Dr.cursor;return!ir()&&(Dr.limit_backward=r,Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,Y(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,U(),!0)}var nr,tr,ur=[new i("m",-1,-1),new i("n",-1,-1),new i("miz",-1,-1),new i("niz",-1,-1),new i("muz",-1,-1),new i("nuz",-1,-1),new i("müz",-1,-1),new i("nüz",-1,-1),new i("mız",-1,-1),new i("nız",-1,-1)],or=[new i("leri",-1,-1),new i("ları",-1,-1)],sr=[new i("ni",-1,-1),new i("nu",-1,-1),new i("nü",-1,-1),new i("nı",-1,-1)],cr=[new i("in",-1,-1),new i("un",-1,-1),new i("ün",-1,-1),new i("ın",-1,-1)],lr=[new i("a",-1,-1),new i("e",-1,-1)],ar=[new i("na",-1,-1),new i("ne",-1,-1)],mr=[new i("da",-1,-1),new i("ta",-1,-1),new i("de",-1,-1),new i("te",-1,-1)],dr=[new i("nda",-1,-1),new i("nde",-1,-1)],fr=[new i("dan",-1,-1),new i("tan",-1,-1),new i("den",-1,-1),new i("ten",-1,-1)],br=[new i("ndan",-1,-1),new i("nden",-1,-1)],wr=[new i("la",-1,-1),new i("le",-1,-1)],_r=[new i("ca",-1,-1),new i("ce",-1,-1)],kr=[new i("im",-1,-1),new i("um",-1,-1),new i("üm",-1,-1),new i("ım",-1,-1)],pr=[new 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i("dün",-1,-1),new i("tün",-1,-1),new i("dın",-1,-1),new i("tın",-1,-1),new i("du",-1,-1),new i("tu",-1,-1),new i("dü",-1,-1),new i("tü",-1,-1),new i("dı",-1,-1),new i("tı",-1,-1)],Pr=[new i("sa",-1,-1),new i("se",-1,-1),new i("sak",-1,-1),new i("sek",-1,-1),new i("sam",-1,-1),new i("sem",-1,-1),new i("san",-1,-1),new i("sen",-1,-1)],Fr=[new i("miş",-1,-1),new i("muş",-1,-1),new i("müş",-1,-1),new i("mış",-1,-1)],Sr=[new i("b",-1,1),new i("c",-1,2),new i("d",-1,3),new i("ğ",-1,4)],Wr=[17,65,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,32,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],Lr=[1,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],xr=[1,64,16,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],Ar=[17,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,130],Er=[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1],jr=[17],Tr=[65],Zr=[65],Br=[["a",xr,97,305],["e",Ar,101,252],["ı",Er,97,305],["i",jr,101,105],["o",Tr,111,117],["ö",Zr,246,252],["u",Tr,111,117]],Dr=new e;this.setCurrent=function(r){Dr.setCurrent(r)},this.getCurrent=function(){return Dr.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){return!!($()&&(Dr.limit_backward=Dr.cursor,Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,J(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit,nr&&(R(),Dr.cursor=Dr.limit_backward,er())))}};return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(r),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.tr.stemmer,"stemmer-tr"),r.tr.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter("acaba altmış altı ama ancak arada aslında ayrıca bana bazı belki ben benden beni benim beri beş bile bin bir biri birkaç birkez birçok birşey birşeyi biz bizden bize bizi bizim bu buna bunda bundan bunlar bunları bunların bunu bunun burada böyle böylece da daha dahi de defa değil diye diğer doksan dokuz dolayı dolayısıyla dört edecek eden ederek edilecek ediliyor edilmesi ediyor elli en etmesi etti ettiği ettiğini eğer gibi göre halen hangi hatta hem henüz hep hepsi her herhangi herkesin hiç hiçbir iki ile ilgili ise itibaren itibariyle için işte kadar karşın katrilyon kendi kendilerine kendini kendisi kendisine kendisini kez ki kim kimden kime kimi kimse kırk milyar milyon mu mü mı nasıl ne neden nedenle nerde nerede nereye niye niçin o olan olarak oldu olduklarını olduğu olduğunu olmadı olmadığı olmak olması olmayan olmaz olsa olsun olup olur olursa oluyor on ona ondan onlar onlardan onları onların onu onun otuz oysa pek rağmen sadece sanki sekiz seksen sen senden seni senin siz sizden sizi sizin tarafından trilyon tüm var vardı ve veya ya yani yapacak yapmak yaptı yaptıkları yaptığı yaptığını yapılan yapılması yapıyor yedi yerine yetmiş yine yirmi yoksa yüz zaten çok çünkü öyle üzere üç şey şeyden şeyi şeyler şu şuna şunda şundan şunları şunu şöyle".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.tr.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-tr")}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..22aed28c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.vi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.vi.stopWordFilter,e.vi.trimmer)},e.vi.wordCharacters="[A-Za-ẓ̀͐́͑̉̃̓ÂâÊêÔôĂ-ăĐ-đƠ-ơƯ-ư]",e.vi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.vi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.vi.trimmer,"trimmer-vi"),e.vi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("là cái nhưng mà".split(" "))}});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9838ef96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r(require("@node-rs/jieba")):r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(e){return function(r,t){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var i="2"==r.version[0];r.zh=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(r.zh.trimmer,r.zh.stopWordFilter,r.zh.stemmer),i?this.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer:(r.tokenizer&&(r.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=r.zh.tokenizer))},r.zh.tokenizer=function(n){if(!arguments.length||null==n||void 0==n)return[];if(Array.isArray(n))return n.map(function(e){return i?new r.Token(e.toLowerCase()):e.toLowerCase()});t&&e.load(t);var o=n.toString().trim().toLowerCase(),s=[];e.cut(o,!0).forEach(function(e){s=s.concat(e.split(" "))}),s=s.filter(function(e){return!!e});var u=0;return s.map(function(e,t){if(i){var n=o.indexOf(e,u),s={};return s.position=[n,e.length],s.index=t,u=n,new r.Token(e,s)}return e})},r.zh.wordCharacters="\\w一-龥",r.zh.trimmer=r.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r.zh.wordCharacters),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.trimmer,"trimmer-zh"),r.zh.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return e}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stemmer,"stemmer-zh"),r.zh.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter("的 一 不 在 人 有 是 为 以 于 上 他 而 后 之 来 及 了 因 下 可 到 由 这 与 也 此 但 并 个 其 已 无 小 我 们 起 最 再 今 去 好 只 又 或 很 亦 某 把 那 你 乃 它 吧 被 比 别 趁 当 从 到 得 打 凡 儿 尔 该 各 给 跟 和 何 还 即 几 既 看 据 距 靠 啦 了 另 么 每 们 嘛 拿 哪 那 您 凭 且 却 让 仍 啥 如 若 使 谁 虽 随 同 所 她 哇 嗡 往 哪 些 向 沿 哟 用 于 咱 则 怎 曾 至 致 着 诸 自".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-zh")}});
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diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..167fa6dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/**
+ * export the module via AMD, CommonJS or as a browser global
+ * Export code from https://github.com/umdjs/umd/blob/master/returnExports.js
+ */
+;(function (root, factory) {
+    if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
+        // AMD. Register as an anonymous module.
+        define(factory)
+    } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
+        /**
+         * Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but
+         * only CommonJS-like environments that support module.exports,
+         * like Node.
+         */
+        module.exports = factory()
+    } else {
+        // Browser globals (root is window)
+        factory()(root.lunr);
+    }
+}(this, function () {
+    /**
+     * Just return a value to define the module export.
+     * This example returns an object, but the module
+     * can return a function as the exported value.
+     */
+
+    return function(lunr) {
+        // TinySegmenter 0.1 -- Super compact Japanese tokenizer in Javascript
+        // (c) 2008 Taku Kudo <taku@chasen.org>
+        // TinySegmenter is freely distributable under the terms of a new BSD licence.
+        // For details, see http://chasen.org/~taku/software/TinySegmenter/LICENCE.txt
+
+        function TinySegmenter() {
+          var patterns = {
+            "[一二三四五六七八九十百千万億兆]":"M",
+            "[一-龠々〆ヵヶ]":"H",
+            "[ぁ-ん]":"I",
+            "[ァ-ヴーｱ-ﾝﾞｰ]":"K",
+            "[a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ]":"A",
+            "[0-9０-９]":"N"
+          }
+          this.chartype_ = [];
+          for (var i in patterns) {
+            var regexp = new RegExp(i);
+            this.chartype_.push([regexp, patterns[i]]);
+          }
+
+          this.BIAS__ = -332
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+          this.UW4__ = {",":3930,".":3508,"―":-4841,"、":3930,"。":3508,"〇":4999,"「":1895,"」":3798,"〓":-5156,"あ":4752,"い":-3435,"う":-640,"え":-2514,"お":2405,"か":530,"が":6006,"き":-4482,"ぎ":-3821,"く":-3788,"け":-4376,"げ":-4734,"こ":2255,"ご":1979,"さ":2864,"し":-843,"じ":-2506,"す":-731,"ず":1251,"せ":181,"そ":4091,"た":5034,"だ":5408,"ち":-3654,"っ":-5882,"つ":-1659,"て":3994,"で":7410,"と":4547,"な":5433,"に":6499,"ぬ":1853,"ね":1413,"の":7396,"は":8578,"ば":1940,"ひ":4249,"び":-4134,"ふ":1345,"へ":6665,"べ":-744,"ほ":1464,"ま":1051,"み":-2082,"む":-882,"め":-5046,"も":4169,"ゃ":-2666,"や":2795,"ょ":-1544,"よ":3351,"ら":-2922,"り":-9726,"る":-14896,"れ":-2613,"ろ":-4570,"わ":-1783,"を":13150,"ん":-2352,"カ":2145,"コ":1789,"セ":1287,"ッ":-724,"ト":-403,"メ":-1635,"ラ":-881,"リ":-541,"ル":-856,"ン":-3637,"・":-4371,"ー":-11870,"一":-2069,"中":2210,"予":782,"事":-190,"井":-1768,"人":1036,"以":544,"会":950,"体":-1286,"作":530,"側":4292,"先":601,"党":-2006,"共":-1212,"内":584,"円":788,"初":1347,"前":1623,"副":3879,"力":-302,"動":-740,"務":-2715,"化":776,"区":4517,"協":1013,"参":1555,"合":-1834,"和":-681,"員":-910,"器":-851,"回":1500,"国":-619,"園":-1200,"地":866,"場":-1410,"塁":-2094,"士":-1413,"多":1067,"大":571,"子":-4802,"学":-1397,"定":-1057,"寺":-809,"小":1910,"屋":-1328,"山":-1500,"島":-2056,"川":-2667,"市":2771,"年":374,"庁":-4556,"後":456,"性":553,"感":916,"所":-1566,"支":856,"改":787,"政":2182,"教":704,"文":522,"方":-856,"日":1798,"時":1829,"最":845,"月":-9066,"木":-485,"来":-442,"校":-360,"業":-1043,"氏":5388,"民":-2716,"気":-910,"沢":-939,"済":-543,"物":-735,"率":672,"球":-1267,"生":-1286,"産":-1101,"田":-2900,"町":1826,"的":2586,"目":922,"省":-3485,"県":2997,"空":-867,"立":-2112,"第":788,"米":2937,"系":786,"約":2171,"経":1146,"統":-1169,"総":940,"線":-994,"署":749,"者":2145,"能":-730,"般":-852,"行":-792,"規":792,"警":-1184,"議":-244,"谷":-1000,"賞":730,"車":-1481,"軍":1158,"輪":-1433,"込":-3370,"近":929,"道":-1291,"選":2596,"郎":-4866,"都":1192,"野":-1100,"銀":-2213,"長":357,"間":-2344,"院":-2297,"際":-2604,"電":-878,"領":-1659,"題":-792,"館":-1984,"首":1749,"高":2120,"｢":1895,"｣":3798,"･":-4371,"ｯ":-724,"ｰ":-11870,"ｶ":2145,"ｺ":1789,"ｾ":1287,"ﾄ":-403,"ﾒ":-1635,"ﾗ":-881,"ﾘ":-541,"ﾙ":-856,"ﾝ":-3637};
+          this.UW5__ = {",":465,".":-299,"1":-514,"E2":-32768,"]":-2762,"、":465,"。":-299,"「":363,"あ":1655,"い":331,"う":-503,"え":1199,"お":527,"か":647,"が":-421,"き":1624,"ぎ":1971,"く":312,"げ":-983,"さ":-1537,"し":-1371,"す":-852,"だ":-1186,"ち":1093,"っ":52,"つ":921,"て":-18,"で":-850,"と":-127,"ど":1682,"な":-787,"に":-1224,"の":-635,"は":-578,"べ":1001,"み":502,"め":865,"ゃ":3350,"ょ":854,"り":-208,"る":429,"れ":504,"わ":419,"を":-1264,"ん":327,"イ":241,"ル":451,"ン":-343,"中":-871,"京":722,"会":-1153,"党":-654,"務":3519,"区":-901,"告":848,"員":2104,"大":-1296,"学":-548,"定":1785,"嵐":-1304,"市":-2991,"席":921,"年":1763,"思":872,"所":-814,"挙":1618,"新":-1682,"日":218,"月":-4353,"査":932,"格":1356,"機":-1508,"氏":-1347,"田":240,"町":-3912,"的":-3149,"相":1319,"省":-1052,"県":-4003,"研":-997,"社":-278,"空":-813,"統":1955,"者":-2233,"表":663,"語":-1073,"議":1219,"選":-1018,"郎":-368,"長":786,"間":1191,"題":2368,"館":-689,"１":-514,"Ｅ２":-32768,"｢":363,"ｲ":241,"ﾙ":451,"ﾝ":-343};
+          this.UW6__ = {",":227,".":808,"1":-270,"E1":306,"、":227,"。":808,"あ":-307,"う":189,"か":241,"が":-73,"く":-121,"こ":-200,"じ":1782,"す":383,"た":-428,"っ":573,"て":-1014,"で":101,"と":-105,"な":-253,"に":-149,"の":-417,"は":-236,"も":-206,"り":187,"る":-135,"を":195,"ル":-673,"ン":-496,"一":-277,"中":201,"件":-800,"会":624,"前":302,"区":1792,"員":-1212,"委":798,"学":-960,"市":887,"広":-695,"後":535,"業":-697,"相":753,"社":-507,"福":974,"空":-822,"者":1811,"連":463,"郎":1082,"１":-270,"Ｅ１":306,"ﾙ":-673,"ﾝ":-496};
+          
+          return this;
+        }
+        TinySegmenter.prototype.ctype_ = function(str) {
+          for (var i in this.chartype_) {
+            if (str.match(this.chartype_[i][0])) {
+              return this.chartype_[i][1];
+            }
+          }
+          return "O";
+        }
+
+        TinySegmenter.prototype.ts_ = function(v) {
+          if (v) { return v; }
+          return 0;
+        }
+
+        TinySegmenter.prototype.segment = function(input) {
+          if (input == null || input == undefined || input == "") {
+            return [];
+          }
+          var result = [];
+          var seg = ["B3","B2","B1"];
+          var ctype = ["O","O","O"];
+          var o = input.split("");
+          for (i = 0; i < o.length; ++i) {
+            seg.push(o[i]);
+            ctype.push(this.ctype_(o[i]))
+          }
+          seg.push("E1");
+          seg.push("E2");
+          seg.push("E3");
+          ctype.push("O");
+          ctype.push("O");
+          ctype.push("O");
+          var word = seg[3];
+          var p1 = "U";
+          var p2 = "U";
+          var p3 = "U";
+          for (var i = 4; i < seg.length - 3; ++i) {
+            var score = this.BIAS__;
+            var w1 = seg[i-3];
+            var w2 = seg[i-2];
+            var w3 = seg[i-1];
+            var w4 = seg[i];
+            var w5 = seg[i+1];
+            var w6 = seg[i+2];
+            var c1 = ctype[i-3];
+            var c2 = ctype[i-2];
+            var c3 = ctype[i-1];
+            var c4 = ctype[i];
+            var c5 = ctype[i+1];
+            var c6 = ctype[i+2];
+            score += this.ts_(this.UP1__[p1]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UP2__[p2]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UP3__[p3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BP1__[p1 + p2]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BP2__[p2 + p3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW1__[w1]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW2__[w2]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW3__[w3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW4__[w4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW5__[w5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UW6__[w6]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BW1__[w2 + w3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BW2__[w3 + w4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BW3__[w4 + w5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TW1__[w1 + w2 + w3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TW2__[w2 + w3 + w4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TW3__[w3 + w4 + w5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TW4__[w4 + w5 + w6]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC1__[c1]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC2__[c2]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC3__[c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC4__[c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC5__[c5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UC6__[c6]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BC1__[c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BC2__[c3 + c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BC3__[c4 + c5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TC1__[c1 + c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TC2__[c2 + c3 + c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TC3__[c3 + c4 + c5]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TC4__[c4 + c5 + c6]);
+        //  score += this.ts_(this.TC5__[c4 + c5 + c6]);    
+            score += this.ts_(this.UQ1__[p1 + c1]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UQ2__[p2 + c2]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.UQ3__[p3 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BQ1__[p2 + c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BQ2__[p2 + c3 + c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BQ3__[p3 + c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.BQ4__[p3 + c3 + c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TQ1__[p2 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TQ2__[p2 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TQ3__[p3 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
+            score += this.ts_(this.TQ4__[p3 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
+            var p = "O";
+            if (score > 0) {
+              result.push(word);
+              word = "";
+              p = "B";
+            }
+            p1 = p2;
+            p2 = p3;
+            p3 = p;
+            word += seg[i];
+          }
+          result.push(word);
+
+          return result;
+        }
+
+        lunr.TinySegmenter = TinySegmenter;
+    };
+
+}));
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js b/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..146f4b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/lunr/wordcut.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6708 @@
+(function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}(g.lunr || (g.lunr = {})).wordcut = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require=="function"&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error("Cannot find module '"+o+"'");throw f.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require=="function"&&require;for(var o=0;o<r.length;o++)s(r[o]);return s})({1:[function(require,module,exports){
+var _ = require("underscore");
+
+var Acceptors = {
+  creators: null,
+  current: null,
+  tag: null,
+
+  init: function() {
+    this.creators = [];
+    this.current = [];
+    this.tag = {};
+  },
+
+  reset: function() {
+    this.current = [];
+    this.tag = {}
+  },
+
+  transit: function(ch) {
+    var self = this;
+
+    self.creators.forEach(function(creator) {
+      var acceptor = creator.createAcceptor(self.tag);
+      if (acceptor) 
+        self.current.push(acceptor);
+    });
+    
+    var _current = [];
+    self.tag = {};
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < self.current.length; i++) {
+      var _acceptor = self.current[i]
+        , acceptor = _acceptor.transit(ch);
+      
+      if (!acceptor.isError) {
+        _current.push(acceptor);
+        self.tag[acceptor.tag] = acceptor;
+      }
+    }
+    self.current = _current;
+
+  },
+
+  getFinalAcceptors: function() {    
+    return this.current.filter(function(acceptor) {
+      return acceptor.isFinal;
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+module.exports = function() {
+  var acceptors = _.clone(Acceptors);
+  acceptors.init();
+  return acceptors;
+};
+
+},{"underscore":25}],2:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (__dirname){
+
+var LEFT = 0;
+var RIGHT = 1;
+var path = require("path");
+var glob = require("glob");
+
+var WordcutDict = {
+
+
+  init: function (dictPathFile, withDefault, words) {
+    withDefault = withDefault || false
+    defaultDict = path.normalize(__dirname + "/..") + "/data/tdict-*.txt";
+    this.dict=[]
+    var dictPathIsDefined = dictPathFile !== undefined
+    var dictPath = (withDefault || !dictPathIsDefined) ? [defaultDict]: [];
+    var dictPathFile = dictPathFile || defaultDict
+
+    if(dictPathIsDefined){
+      if (Array.isArray(dictPathFile)) {
+        dictPath.concat.apply(dictPath, dictPathFile);
+      } else {
+        dictPath.push(dictPathFile)
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.addFiles(dictPath, false)
+
+    if(words!==undefined){
+      this.addWords(words, false)
+    }
+    this.finalizeDict();
+  },
+
+  addWords: function(words, finalize){
+    finalize = finalize===undefined || finalize;
+    this.dict.push.apply(this.dict, words)
+    if(finalize){
+      this.finalizeDict();
+    }
+  },
+
+  finalizeDict: function(){
+    this.dict = this.sortuniq(this.dict);
+  },
+
+  addFiles: function(files, finalize){
+    finalize = finalize===undefined || finalize;
+    
+    for (var i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
+      words = "ก.ก.\nก.ก.น.\nก.ข.ค.\nก.ค.\nก.จ.\nก.ช.น.\nก.ฌ.\nก.ต.\nก.ต.ง.\nก.ต.ช.\nก.ตร.\nก.ท.\nก.น.ช.\nก.บช.\nก.บถ.\nก.ป.ส.\nก.พ.\nก.ม.\nก.ย.\nก.ร.\nก.ล.ต.\nก.ว.\nก.ศ.ว.\nก.ส.ท.\nก.ส.ธ.\nก.ส.อ.\nก.อ.\nกก.ตชด.\nกก.ตร.น.\nกก.ภ.จว.\nกก.รสช.\nกกบ.ขส.ทบ.\nกกล.รพน.\nกง.กห.\nกง.ทบ.\nกง.ทร.\nกซข.ป.\nกซม.ป.\nกทม.กรุงเทพมหานคร\nกบ.ทบ.\nกป.สป.\nกพ.ทบ.\nกพ.ทร.\nกพ.ทหาร\nกร.ทบ.\nกรป.กลาง\nกรอ.พอ.\nกศ.ด.\nกศ.บ.\nกศ.บป.\nกศ.ม.\nกษ.ด.\nกษ.บ.\nกษ.ม.\nกส.ด.\nกส.ทบ.\nกส.บ.\nกส.ม.\nกอ.ปค.\nกอ.รพน.\nกอ.รมน.\nกอ.รสต.\nข.ต.ว.\nขว.ทบ.\nขว.ทร.\nขว.ทหาร\nขส.ทบ.\nขส.ทร.\nขส.ทอ.\nค.ด.\nค.บ.\nค.พ.ศ.\nค.ม.\nค.ร.น.\nค.ร.ฟ.\nค.ร.ม.\nค.ศ.\nค.อ.ด.\nค.อ.บ.\nค.อ.ม.\nคศ.ด.\nคศ.บ.\nคศ.ม.\nง.ด.\nจ.จ.\nจ.จ.จ.\nจ.ช.\nจ.ต.\nจ.ท.\nจ.ป.ร.\nจ.ม.\nจ.ศ.\nจ.ส.ต.\nจ.ส.ท.\nจ.ส.อ.\nจ.อ.\nจ.อ.ร.\nจ.๑๘\nจก.ธน.\nจก.สน.\nช.ค.\nช.ค.บ.\nช.พ.ค.\nช.ส.\nช.ส.ค.\nฌ.ป.ค.\nฌ.ศ.ร.\nฌ.ส.อ.\nฐท.สห.\nด.ช.\nด.ญ.\nด.ต.\nด.ศ.ค.\nด.ศ.ร.\nดย.ทร.\nต.ก.\nต.ค.\nต.จ.\nต.จ.ว.\nต.ช.\nต.ต.\nต.บ.\nต.ม.\nต.ร.\nต.ศ.ร.\nต.ห.\nต.อ.\nต.อ.จ.\nตร.กม.\nตร.ซม.\nตร.ต.\nตร.ทล.\nตร.น.\nตร.ปม.\nตร.ภ.\nตร.ม.\nตร.รฟ.\nตร.ว.\nตร.ส.\nตร.สข.\nท.จ.\nท.จ.ว.\nท.ช.\nท.ญ.\nท.ด.\nท.ท.ท.\nท.ทบ.\nท.บ.\nท.พ.\nท.ม.\nท.ศ.\nทก.ด.\nทก.บ.\nทก.ม.\nทส.ปช.\nทส.รมว.กห.\nทุ.ส.นิ.ม.\nธ.ก.ส.\nธ.ค.\nธ.ญ\nธ.บ.\nน.ช.\nน.ญ.\nน.ด.\nน.ต.\nน.ท.\nน.น.\nน.บ.\nน.บ.ท.\nน.ป.ท.\nน.พ.\nน.ม.\nน.ร.\nน.ว.\nน.ศ.\nน.ส.\nน.ส.พ.\nน.ส.๓\nน.สพ.\nน.อ.\nนปพ.ภ.\nนศ.ด.\nนศ.บ.\nนศ.ม.\nบ.ก.\nบ.ข.ส.\nบ.ช.\nบ.ด.ท.\nบ.ตร.\nบ.ภ.\nบ.ม.\nบก.จร.\nบก.ตชด.\nบก.ตม.\nบก.ทล.\nบก.น.\nบก.ป.\nบก.ปค.\nบก.ปม.\nบก.ภ.เขต\nบก.รน.\nบก.รฟ.\nบก.ร้อย.ตชด.\nบก.ส.\nบกข.ป.\nบจพ.ป.\nบช.ก.\nบช.ด.\nบช.ตชด.\nบช.น.\nบช.บ.\nบช.ปส.\nบช.ภ.\nบช.ม.\nบชท.ป.\nบชน.ป.\nบชส.ป.\nบธ.ด.\nบธ.บ.\nบธ.ม.\nบนท.ป.\nบนอ.ป.\nบปช.ป.\nป.กท.\nป.กศ.\nป.กศ.สูง\nป.จ.\nป.จ.ว.\nป.ช.\nป.ธ.\nป.ป.\nป.ป.ก.\nป.ป.ช.\nป.ป.ป.\nป.ป.ร.\nป.ป.ส.\nป.พ.\nป.พ.พ.\nป.พย.\nป.ม.\nป.ม.ก.\nป.ม.ช.\nป.ม.ธ.\nป.ม.ศ.\nป.ม.อ.\nป.ร.ร.๔\nป.ร.ร.๕\nป.ร.ร.๖\nป.ล.\nป.ว.พ.\nป.วิ.อ.\nป.ส.ส.\nป.อ.\nป.อ.ร.ส.\nป.๑\nปม.วส.\nปอ.พ.\nผกก.ภ.\nผช.ผอ.\nผต.มท.\nผบ.ตร.\nผบ.ทบ.\nผบ.ทร.\nผบ.ทสส.\nผบ.ทอ.\nผบก.น.\nผบก.ป.\nผบก.ปค.\nผบก.ปม.\nผบก.ภ.\nผบช.ก.\nผบช.ตชด.\nผบช.น.\nผบช.ภ.\nผว.กทม.\nผอ.ปจ.\nพ.ก.ง.\nพ.กศ.\nพ.ข.ต.\nพ.ค.\nพ.ค.ช.\nพ.ค.ว.\nพ.ค.ศ.\nพ.จ.ต.\nพ.จ.ท.\nพ.จ.อ.\nพ.ช.\nพ.ช.ค.\nพ.ด.\nพ.ต.\nพ.ต.ต.\nพ.ต.ท.\nพ.ต.อ.\nพ.ต.อ.พิเศษ\nพ.ท.\nพ.บ.\nพ.ป.\nพ.ภ.ม.\nพ.ม.\nพ.ม.ช.\nพ.ย.\nพ.ร.ก.\nพ.ร.ฎ.\nพ.ร.ต.\nพ.ร.ธ.\nพ.ร.บ.\nพ.ศ.\nพ.ศ.บ.\nพ.ส.ร.\nพ.ส.ล.\nพ.อ.\nพ.อ.ต.\nพ.อ.ท.\nพ.อ.พิเศษ\nพ.อ.อ.\nพณ.ด.\nพณ.บ.\nพณ.ม.\nพธ.ด.\nพธ.บ.\nพธ.ม.\nพบ.ด.\nพบ.บ.\nพบ.ม.\nพย.ด.\nพย.บ.\nพย.ม.\nพล.จ.\nพล.ต.\nพล.ต.จ.\nพล.ต.ต.\nพล.ต.ท.\nพล.ต.อ.\nพล.ท.\nพล.ปตอ.\nพล.ม.\nพล.ม.๒\nพล.ร.จ.\nพล.ร.ต.\nพล.ร.ท.\nพล.ร.อ.\nพล.อ.\nพล.อ.จ.\nพล.อ.ต.\nพล.อ.ท.\nพล.อ.อ.\nพลา.ทร.\nพศ.ด.\nพศ.บ.\nพศ.ม.\nพอ.สว.\nภ.ง.ด.\nภ.ง.ด.๙\nภ.ด.\nภ.บ.\nภ.บ.ท.๕\nภ.ป.ร.\nภ.พ.\nภ.ม.\nภ.สถ.บ.\nม.ค.\nม.จ.\nม.ป.ท.\nม.ป.ป.\nม.ป.พ.\nม.ร.ว.\nม.ศ.\nม.อ.\nม.อ.ปัตตานี\nมิ.ย.\nมี.ค.\nยศ.ทบ.\nยศ.ทร.\nยศ.ทอ.\nร.ง.\nร.ด.\nร.ต.\nร.ต.ต.\nร.ต.ท.\nร.ต.อ.\nร.ท.\nร.น.\nร.บ.\nร.พ.\nร.ฟ.ล.\nร.ย.ล.\nร.ย.ส.ท.\nร.ล.\nร.ศ.\nร.ส.พ.\nร.อ.\nรป.ม.\nรร.จปร.\nรร.จอ.\nรร.ชท.\nรร.ตท.\nรร.นร.\nรร.นรต.\nรร.นอ.\nล.ญ.\nล.ว.\nลส.ชบ.\nว.ค.\nว.ฉ.\nว.ช.\nว.ด.ป.\nว.ป.ถ.\nวท.บ.\nศ.บ.\nศ.ป.ก.\nศ.ศ.ป.\nศฝร.ภ.\nศศ.บ.\nศษ.บ.\nศส.บ.\nส.ก.\nส.ก.ศ.ท.\nส.ค.\nส.ค.1\nส.ค.ร.\nส.ค.ส.\nส.ต.\nส.ต.ต.\nส.ต.ท.\nส.ต.อ.\nส.ท.\nส.ทร.\nส.ป.ช.\nส.ป.ส.ท.\nส.ป.อ.\nส.ร.\nส.ล.น.\nส.ว.\nส.ว.ท.\nส.ว.ส.ท.\nส.ส.\nส.ส.ท.\nส.ส.ร.\nส.ห.\nส.อ.\nสถ.บ.\nสนง.สสอ.\nสพ.ญ.\nสพ.บ.\nสว.จร.\nสว.ธร.\nสว.ส.\nสว.สป.\nสว.สส.\nสว.อก.\nสส.บ.\nสุ.จิ.ปุ.ลิ.\nห.ร.ม.\nอ.ก.ค.\nอ.ก.จ.\nอ.จ.\nอ.ช.พ.\nอ.ตร.\nอ.บ.\nอ.ส.ท.\nอ.ส.ม.ท.\nอ.ส.ย.\nอ.อ.ป.\nอส.รด.\nอุ.อา.ก.ส.\nฮ.จ.\nฮ.ท.\nฮ.ฝ.\nฮ.ล.\nฮ.ศ.\nเม.ย.\n\nกรีนิช\nกลันตัน\nกัลกัตตา\nกัวลาลัมเปอร์\nกัศมีร์\nกาฐมาณฑุ\nโกลกาตา\nควิเบก\nคอนเนตทิคัต\nคาบูล\nคุชราต\nคุนหมิง\nเคนตักกี\nเคนทักกี\nเคมบริดจ์\nแคชเมียร์\nแคนซัส\nแคนเบอร์รา\nแคโรไลนา\nแคลิฟอร์เนีย\nโคเปนเฮเกน\nโคลัมโบ\nโคโลราโด\nไครสต์เชิร์ช\nไคโร\nจาการ์ตา\nจำปาศักดิ์\nเจนไน\nเจนีวา\nเจ้อเจียง\nฉงชิ่ง\nเฉิงตู\nชานตง\nชิคาโก\nเชนไน\nเชอร์โนบิล\nซัปโปโร\nซานมารีโน\nซาบาห์\nซาราเยโว\nซาราวัก\nซิดนีย์\nซีอาน\nซีแอตเทิล\nซูริก\nซูริค\nเซเชลส์\nเซนได\nเซี่ยงไฮ้\nโซเฟีย\nโซล\nโซโลมอน\nไซ่ง่อน\nไซบีเรีย\nดัลลัส\nดาโคตา\nดานัง\nดีทรอยต์\nดูไบ\nเดนเวอร์\nเดลาแวร์\nเดียนเบียนฟู\nโดเวอร์\nโดฮา\nไดฟุกุ\nไดฟูกุ\nตรังกานู\nตริโปลี\nตูวาลู\nเตหะราน\nโตเกียว\nโตรอนโต\nทมิฬนาฑู\nทริโปลี\nทิเบต\nเทกซัส\nเท็กซัส\nเทนเนสซี\nเทลอาวีฟ\nแทสเมเนีย\nโทรอนโต\nไทเป\nธากา\nนางาซากิ\nนาริตะ\nนิวเจอร์ซีย์\nนิวเดลี\nนิวยอร์ก\nนิวยอร์ค\nนิวแฮมป์เชียร์\nเนบราสกา\nเนแบรสกา\nเนวาดา\nบรัสเซลส์\nบราซิเลีย\nบอมเบย์\nบอสตัน\nบังกาลอร์\nบังคาลอร์\nบูคาเรสต์\nบูดาเปสต์\nเบงกาซี\nเบนกาซี\nเบรุต\nเบลเกรด\nเบอร์ลิน\nแบกแดด\nปอยเปต\nปะลิส\nปะหัง\nปักกิ่ง\nปัญจาบ\nปัฏนา\nปารีส\nปีนัง\nเประ\nเปียงยาง\nพนมเปญ\nพระตะบอง\nพะโค\nพะสิม\nพาราณสี\nพิหารี\nเพนซิลวาเนีย\nเพนซิลเวเนีย\nฟรานซ์\nฟลอริดา\nฟิลาเดลเฟีย\nฟุกุชิมะ\nฟุกุชิมา\nฟุกุโอกะ\nฟูกูโอกะ\nแฟรงก์เฟิร์ต\nมอสโก\nมะนิลา\nมะละแหม่ง\nมัณฑะเลย์\nมัทราส\nมาดริด\nมิชิแกน\nมินนิโซตา\nมิยางิ\nมิลาน\nมิวนิก\nมิสซูรี\nมุมไบ\nเมน\nเมลเบิร์น\nเมาะตะมะ\nเมาะลำเลิง\nแมนจูเรีย\nแมนเชสเตอร์\nแมนฮัตตัน\nแมริแลนด์\nแมรีแลนด์\nแมสซาชูเซตส์\nยะไข่\nย่างกุ้ง\nยูทาห์\nยูนนาน\nเยรูซาเล็ม\nโยโกฮามา\nริยาด\nรีโอเดจาเนโร\nโรดไอแลนด์\nลอนดอน\nลอสแองเจลิส\nลาปาซ\nลาสเวกัส\nลิสบอน\nลุยเซียนา\nโลซาน\nโลซานน์\nวอชิงตัน\nวอร์ซอ\nวิสคอนซิน\nเวนิส\nเวลส์\nเวอร์จิเนีย\nเวอร์มอนต์\nเวียงจันทน์\nเวียนนา\nแวนคูเวอร์\nไวโอมิง\nสกอตแลนด์\nสก็อตแลนด์\nสตอกโฮล์ม\nสลังงอร์\nเสฉวน\nเสียมราฐ\nเสียมเรียบ\nหงสา\nหงสาวดี\nหนานไห่\nหลวงพระบาง\nหูเป่ย\nหูเป่ย์\nหูหนาน\nเหอเป่ย\nเหอเป่ย์\nเหอหนาน\nอชันตา\nอลาสกา\nอวันตี\nออริกอน\nออสโล\nอะแลสกา\nอัตตะปือ\nอัมมาน\nอัมสเตอร์ดัม\nอัสสัม\nอาบูดาบี\nอาร์คันซอ\nอินเดียนา\nอิบารากิ\nอิลลินอยส์\nอิสตันบูล\nอิสลามาบัด\nอุรุมชี\nอูลานบาตอร์\nเอดินบะระ\nเอเธนส์\nแอตแลนตา\nแอริโซนา\nแอลเจียร์\nโอคลาโฮมา\nโอค็อตสค์\nโอกินาวา\nโอซากา\nโอริสสา\nโอเรกอน\nโอไฮโอ\nไอดาโฮ\nไอโอวา\nฮอนโนลูลู\nฮานอย\nฮาเนดะ\nฮาราเร\nฮาวาย\nฮิโรชิมา\nฮุสตัน\nเฮลซิงกิ\n\nมกรา\nกุมภา\nมีนา\nเมษา\nพฤษภา\nมิถุนา\nกรกฎา\nสิงหา\nกันยา\nตุลา\nพฤศจิกา\nธันวา\nเอ\nบี\nซี\nดี\nอี\nเอฟ\nจี\nเอช\nไอ\nเจ\nเค\nแอล\nเอ็ม\nเอ็น\nโอ\nพี\nคิว\nอาร์\nเอส\nที\nยู\nวี\nดับเบิล\nดับบลิว\nเอ็กซ์\nเอ๊กซ์\nวาย\nแซด\nแอลฟา\nแอลฟ่า\nเบตา\nเบต้า\nแกมมา\nแกมม่า\nเดลตา\nเดลต้า\nโอเมกา\nโอเมก้า\nเมกะ\nกิกะ\nนาโน\nไมโคร\n\nกรรมาชน\nกรอบรูป\nกระดี๊กระด๊า\nกระบับ\nกราวนด์\nกรีน\nกรุ๊ป\nกฤษณ์\nกลาส\nก๊วน\nกษัตริยา\nกษัตริยาธิราช\nก่อนหน้า\nกะบับ\nกับดัก\nกัมมันตะ\nก๊าก\nก๋ากั่น\nกาญจน์\nกาญจนาภิเษก\nกามิกาเซ่\nการันตี\nกาหลิบ\nกิฟท์\nกิมจิ\nกีวี\nกึ๊ก\nกึ๋ย\nกุนซือ\nกุมภาพันธ์\nกู๋\nเกจิ\nเกมส์\nเกย์\nเกรด\nเกรย์\nเกสต์เฮาส์\nเก๊ะ\nเก๋ากี้\nเกิร์ล\nแกงค์\nแกรนด์\nแกสโซฮอล์\nแก๊สโซฮอล์\nโกเต็กซ์\nโกลด์\nโกะ\nโก๊ะ\nไกด์\nขั้นตอน\nเขวี้ยง\nคณาญาติ\nครัวซอง\nครัวซองต์\nคร่ำครวญ\nครีเอทีฟ\nครูเสด\nคลับ\nคลาสสิก\nคลิตอริส\nคลิป\nความหมาย\nควิก\nควีน\nคองเกรส\nคอนซูเมอร์\nคอนเซปต์\nคอนเซ็ปต์\nคอนโด\nคอนโดมิเนียม\nคอนเทนเนอร์\nคอนแทค\nคอนแท็ค\nคอนโทรล\nคอนเฟิร์ม\nคอปเตอร์\nคอมพ์\nคอมเพล็กซ์\nคอมมอนส์\nคอมเมนท์\nคอมเมนต์\nคอร์ป\nคอร์ปอเรชั่น\nคอร์รัปชัน\nคอร์รัปชั่น\nคอรัปชัน\nคอรัปชั่น\nคอร์ส\nคอลเล็กชั่น\nคอลัมน์\nคอลัมนิสต์\nคัตเอาต์\nคันคาก\nคันถธุระ\nคันธาระ\nคันยิ\nคัสตาร์ด\nคาราโอเกะ\nคีตกวี\nคีตปฏิภาณ\nคีตราชัน\nคาปูชิโน\nคามิคาเซ่\nคาเฟ่\nคาร์\nคาร์โก้\nคาราเมล\nคาแรกเตอร์\nคาแร็กเตอร์\nคาแรคเตอร์\nคาแร็คเตอร์\nคาวบอย\nคาสิโน\nคิกขุ\nคิวบิก\nคูลเลอร์\nเคบับ\nเครป\nเคลม\nเคลียร์\nเคลื่อนย้าย\nเคส\nเคอร์ฟิว\nแคชเชียร์\nแคทวอล์ค\nแคนดิเดต\nแคนตาลูป\nแคนยอน\nแคนู\nแคป\nแคมป์\nแคมปัส\nแคมเปญ\nแคร์\nแครกเกอร์\nแคร็กเกอร์\nแครอท\nแคสต์\nแคสติง\nแคสติ้ง\nโค้ก\nโค้ช\nโคโยตี\nโคโยตี้\nโครนา\nโคอะล่า\nโคอาลา\nโคอาล่า\nไคลแมกซ์\nไคลแม็กซ์\nงั้น\nง่าว\nงี้\nเง็ง\nโง่เขลา\nไง\nจตุคาม\nจ๊อกกี้\nจอหงวน\nจังโก้\nจัมโบ้\nจ๊าบ\nจารกรรม\nจารชน\nจิ๊ก\nจิ๊กโก๋\nจิ๊กซอว์\nจิตพิสัย\nจิตเภท\nจีดีพี\nจึ๊ก\nจุ๊ย\nจูน\nจูเนียร์\nเจ๊\nเจได\nเจ็ต\nเจล\nเจ๊าะแจ๊ะ\nเจี๊ยว\nแจ็กเก็ต\nแจ๊กเก็ต\nแจ็กพอต\nแจ็กพ็อต\nแจ๊กพอต\nแจ๊กพ็อต\nแจม\nแจ๊ส\nโจ๋\nฉลุย\nเฉิ่ม\nชนะเลิศ\nช็อค\nช็อต\nช็อป\nช็อปปิ้ง\nช็อปเปอร์\nชะโนด\nชัตเตอร์\nชัวร์\nชาร์จ\nชาร์ต\nชาร์ป\nชินบัญชร\nชิฟฟอน\nชีส\nชีอะห์\nเช็ก\nเช็งเม้ง\nเชฟ\nเชลียร์\nเชอร์รี่\nแชเชือน\nแช่แข็ง\nแชมป์\nแชมปิยอง\nแชมเปญ\nแชมเปี้ยน\nแชมพู\nโชว์รูม\nโชห่วย\nใช้งาน\nไชน่า\nซ้อ\nซอมบี้\nซะ\nซังเต\nซันตาคลอส\nซัพพลาย\nซัพพลายเออร์\nซัมเมอร์\nซากุระ\nซาดิสต์\nซาดิสม์\nซาตาน\nซานตาคลอส\nซาฟารี\nซาบะ\nซามูไร\nซาร์\nซาร์ดีน\nซาเล้ง\nซิง\nซิ่ง\nซิงเกิล\nซิตี\nซิตี้\nซินโดรม\nซิม\nซิ้ม\nซิมโฟนี\nซิมโฟนี่\nซิลเวอร์\nซี้\nซี้ซั้ว\nซีดาน\nซีน\nซีนีเพล็กซ์\nซีเนียร์\nซีร็อกซ์\nซีรีส์\nซีเรียส\nซีอีโอ\nซื่อบื้อ\nซุนหนี่\nซุปเปอร์\nซูชิ\nซูเปอร์\nซูม\nซูโม่\nซูเอี๋ย\nซูฮก\nเซ็กซ์\nเซ็กซี่\nเซ็กส์\nเซนเซอร์\nเซ็นเซอร์\nเซนเตอร์\nเซ็นเตอร์\nเซ็นทรัล\nเซนส์\nเซ่นไหว้\nเซฟตี้\nเซรามิก\nเซลส์\nเซลส์แมน\nเซอร์\nเซอร์ไพรส์\nเซอร์วิส\nเซาท์\nเซี้ยว\nแซ็ก\nแซกโซโฟน\nแซ็กโซโฟน\nแซนด์วิช\nแซมบ้า\nแซลมอน\nแซว\nโซเชียล\nโซน\nโซนี่\nโซลาร์\nโซโล\nโซโล่\nญาณทัสสนะ\nดยุก\nดยุค\nดร็อป\nดรัมเมเยอร์\nดรามา\nดราม่า\nดอกเตอร์\nด็อกเตอร์\nดัมพ์\nดั๊มพ์\nดาวน์\nดิกชันนารี\nดิสเครดิต\nดีกรี\nดีเจ\nดีไซน์\nดีไซน์เนอร์\nดีไซเนอร์\nดีเบต\nดีพาร์ตเมนต์\nดีพาร์ตเมนท์\nดีพาร์ทเมนต์\nดีพาร์ทเมนท์\nดีมานด์\nดีล\nดีลเลอร์\nดีเลย์\nเดชานุภาพ\nเดบิต\nเดโม\nเดย์\nเด้อ\nเดอะ\nเด๊ะ\nเดี้ยง\nเดี๊ยะ\nแดนซ์\nแดนเซอร์\nแดรี่\nโดนัท\nโดมิโน\nโดรายากิ\nไดเอ็ต\nตถตา\nตนเอง\nตรวจทาน\nตรวจสอบ\nตอกย้ำ\nต๊อง\nต่อยอด\nต่อรอง\nตะหงิด\nตังค์\nตันเถียน\nตัวตน\nตัวเอง\nตาปรือ\nต้าอ่วย\nติงต๊อง\nติ๋ม\nติ่มซำ\nติว\nติวเตอร์\nตี๋\nตื้บ\nตุ๊ก\nตุ๊กตุ๊ก\nตุ๊ด\nตุ๋ย\nตู้เซฟ\nเต๊ะ\nเตี๊ยม\nแตงกวา\nแตงโม\nแต๋ว\nโต๋เต๋\nโต๊ะจีน\nไตรมาส\nถ่ายทำ\nถูกต้อง\nทงคัตสึ\nทริป\nทรู\nทอม\nท็อป\nทอร์นาโด\nทอล์ค\nทักซิโด\nทันตกรรม\nทันตแพทยศาสตร์\nทับซ้อน\nทัวร์\nทัวร์นาเมนต์\nทัวร์นาเมนท์\nทัวริสต์\nทาเลนต์\nทาวน์\nทาวน์เฮาส์\nทำงาน\nทิป\nทิพยสมบัติ\nทิวลิป\nทีรามิสุ\nทีวี\nทูน่า\nเท็กซ์\nเทค\nเทคโน\nเทคโนแครต\nเทควันโด\nเทป\nเทรด\nเทรนด์\nเทรนเนอร์\nเทรลเลอร์\nเทรลเล่อร์\nเทเลกราฟ\nเทวบัญชา\nเทวบุตร\nเทวา\nเทวาธิราช\nเทโวโรหนะ\nเทอร์โบ\nเที่ยงคืน\nเที่ยงวัน\nเทียมทาน\nแทกติค\nแทคติค\nแทงกั๊ก\nแทงโก้\nโทมาฮอก\nโทมาฮอว์ก\nโทมาฮอว์ค\nโทร\nโทรโข่ง\nไทม์\nไทยแลนด์\nไทเฮา\nธรรมา\nธรรมาภิบาล\nธัมโม\nธีม\nธุรกรรม\nธุหร่ำ\nเธค\nนพมาศ\nนรีแพทย์\nน็อก\nน็อค\nน้องใหม่\nนอมินี\nนอร์ท\nน่ะ\nนางแบบ\nนาฏยศาลา\nนายแบบ\nนายพราน\nนินจา\nนิรันดร์\nนิว\nนิวส์\nนู้ด\nเนอะ\nเนิร์สเซอรี\nเนิร์สเซอรี่\nเนี้ยบ\nโนติส\nไนท์\nไนน์\nบรรพชน\nบร็อกโคลี\nบร็อคโคลี\nบรา\nบริกร\nบริวเวอรี่ส์\nบลอนด์\nบลูเบอร์รี\nบลูเบอร์รี่\nบ๊วย\nบอกซ์\nบ็อกซ์\nบ๊อกซ์\nบอดี้\nบอนด์\nบ๊อบ\nบอมบ์\nบ๋อย\nบอยคอต\nบอยคอตต์\nบอร์ด\nบังเกอร์\nบัตเตอร์\nบัลลาสต์\nบัส\nบาบูน\nบาร์บีคิว\nบาร์บี้\nบาลานซ์\nบิ๊ก\nบิล\nบึม\nบึ้ม\nบุญคุณ\nบุ๋น\nบุปผา\nบู๊\nบูชิโด\nบูติก\nบูติค\nบูม\nเบเกอรี่\nเบญจมบพิตร\nเบตาดีน\nเบนโตะ\nเบนโล\nเบบี้\nเบลอ\nเบอร์เกอร์\nเบอร์รี\nเบิร์ด\nเบิร์น\nแบ็กโฮ\nแบคโฮ\nแบด\nแบต\nแบนเนอร์\nแบรนด์\nแบล็ก\nแบล็ค\nไบโอ\nโบกี้\nโบตั๋น\nโบ้ย\nโบรกเกอร์\nโบรชัวร์\nโบว์\nโบว์ลิ่ง\nไบเบิล\nปฏิสัมพันธ์\nป๊อก\nปอดแหก\nป๊อป\nป๋อหลอ\nปักขคณนา\nปัจเจกชน\nปัจฉิมนิเทศ\nป๊า\nป๋า\nป่าไม้\nปาร์ตี้\nปาสกาล\nปาสคาล\nปาสเตอร์\nปิกอัพ\nปิ๊ง\nปิโตรเคมี\nปิยมิตร\nปึ้ก\nปูอัด\nเปโซ\nเป็นไง\nเปปเปอร์มินต์\nเปเปอร์\nเปราะบาง\nเป๊ะ\nเป่ายิงฉุบ\nเป่ายิ้งฉุบ\nเปียโน\nแป้ก\nแป๋ว\nแป๊ะเจี๊ยะ\nโปร\nโปรเจกต์\nโปรเจ็กต์\nโปรเจกเตอร์\nโปรเจ็กเตอร์\nโปรเจคท์\nโปรเจ็คท์\nโปรดักชั่น\nโปรดิวเซอร์\nโปรโมชั่น\nโปรโมต\nโปรโมเตอร์\nโปรโมท\nโปลิศ\nโปสเตอร์\nผลไม้\nผลักดัน\nผ้าห่ม\nผิดพลาด\nผู้นำ\nแผดเผา\nเฝอ\nพงษ์\nพริตตี้\nพรีเซนต์\nพรีเซ็นเตอร์\nพรีเมียม\nพรีเมียร์\nพฤหัส\nพล็อต\nพลาซ่า\nพลานุภาพ\nพ่อค้า\nพอเพียง\nพะเรอ\nพันธกิจ\nพันธุวิศวกรรม\nพาร์\nพาร์ตเนอร์\nพาร์ทเนอร์\nพาวเวอร์\nพาสเจอร์ไรส์\nพาสตา\nพาสต้า\nพาสปอร์ต\nพาเหรด\nพิซซ่า\nพีเรียด\nพุดดิ้ง\nพุทธภูมิ\nพุทธศตวรรษ\nพุทโธ\nพูล\nเพทนาการ\nเพนกวิน\nเพนตากอน\nเพรส\nเพรียวบาง\nเพลซ\nเพลท\nเพลย์บอย\nเพียบแปร้\nเพียว\nเพาเวอร์\nแพกเกจ\nแพ็ค\nแพตเทิร์น\nแพทเทิร์น\nแพทยสภา\nแพนงเชิญ\nแพนดา\nแพนด้า\nแพลน\nโพลล์\nโพลารอยด์\nโพสต์\nไพลิน\nฟยอร์ด\nฟรังก์\nฟรุต\nฟลอร์\nฟลุก\nฟลุค\nฟลุต\nฟลุท\nฟอยล์\nฟอร์ม\nฟันด์\nฟาวล์\nฟาสต์ฟู้ด\nฟินิกซ์\nฟิวเจอร์\nฟีด\nฟีเวอร์\nฟุตบาท\nเฟรช\nเฟรชชี่\nเฟรม\nเฟมินิสต์\nเฟส\nเฟอร์นิเจอร์\nเฟอร์รี่\nเฟิร์ม\nเฟี้ยวฟ้าว\nแฟกซ์\nแฟ็กซ์\nแฟนซี\nแฟนตาซี\nแฟ้บ\nแฟร์\nแฟรนไชส์\nแฟรี\nแฟรี่\nแฟลช\nแฟล็ต\nโฟน\nโฟม\nโฟล์ค\nไฟต์\nไฟแนนซ์\nไฟลต์\nไฟลท์\nภควัทคีตา\nภควัมบดี\nภควัมปติ\nภคันทลาพาธ\nภววิสัย\nภารตะ\nภูมิทัศน์\nม้ง\nมวลชน\nมยุราภิรมย์\nมลภาวะ\nมหภาค\nมหาอุปราชา\nมอคคา\nมอคค่า\nมอนสเตอร์\nม็อบ\nมอบตัว\nมอยส์เจอไรเซอร์\nมอลล์\nมะกัน\nมั้ง\nมัฟฟิน\nมั้ย\nม้านั่ง\nมาเฟีย\nมาม่า\nมายองเนส\nมายาคติ\nมาร์ก\nมาร์เก็ต\nมาร์เก็ตติ้ง\nมาร์ค\nมาร์จิน\nมาร์ช\nมาร์ต\nมาร์ท\nมาราธอน\nม้าหินอ่อน\nมินต์\nมินท์\nมินิ\nมิลค์\nมิวสิค\nมิสซัง\nมิสไซล์\nมิสเตอร์\nมือถือ\nมุมมอง\nเมคอัพ\nเมจิก\nเมจิค\nเมทัล\nเมเปิล\nเมาท์\nเมี่ยงคำ\nแมกกาซีน\nแม็กกาซีน\nแมคเคอเรล\nแม่ค้า\nแมชชีน\nแมชีน\nแมนชั่น\nแมมบ้า\nแมมโบ้\nโมจิ\nโมเดล\nโมเดิร์น\nโมเต็ล\nโมโนเรล\nโมหจริต\nไมค์\nไมเกรน\nยนตรกรรม\nยอมรับ\nยะเยือก\nยังไง\nยากูซ่า\nยาวี\nยิม\nยิว\nยุวทูต\nยูโทเปีย\nยูโร\nยูวี\nเยน\nเยลลี่\nเย้ว\nเยอบีรา\nเยอบีร่า\nเยอร์บีรา\nเยอร์บีร่า\nแยมโรล\nโยเกิร์ต\nโยโย่\nรวมมิตร\nร็อค\nร็อคเก็ต\nรองรับ\nรอมฎอน\nรอยัลตี้\nระโงก\nรันเวย์\nรัม\nรากหญ้า\nราชบัณฑิตยสถาน\nราชานุญาต\nราชานุสาวรีย์\nรามเทพ\nรามาธิบดี\nรามายณะ\nราเม็ง\nราเมน\nรายชื่อ\nราสเบอร์รี\nริกเตอร์\nริคเตอร์\nรีไซเคิล\nรีดไถ\nรีทัช\nรีเทิร์น\nรีไทร์\nรีแบรนด์\nรีพอร์ท\nรีโมต\nรีโมท\nรีวิว\nรีสอร์ต\nรีสอร์ท\nรีเสิร์ช\nรุมบ้า\nรุสโซ\nรูบิก\nรูบิค\nเรซิน\nเรซิ่น\nเรดิโอ\nเรต\nเรตติ้ง\nแรงใจ\nแรงดูด\nแรงผลัก\nแรลลี\nแรลลี่\nโรดแมป\nโรเนียว\nโรแมนติก\nโรแมนติค\nโรล\nโรลออน\nไรเฟิล\nล็อกเกอร์\nลอจิสติกส์\nล็อต\nล็อบบี้\nลอร์ด\nล้มเหลว\nละติน\nละอ่อน\nลาซานญ่า\nลาติน\nลาเต้\nลานีญา\nลามะ\nลิมิต\nลิมูซีน\nลิสต์\nลีก\nลีด\nลีดเดอร์\nลีเมอร์\nลีลาวดี\nลุค\nลูกชาย\nลูกสาว\nเลกเชอร์\nเลคเชอร์\nเลดี้\nเลสเบี้ยน\nเลิฟ\nแลนด์\nแล็บ\nโลโก้\nโลชั่น\nไลท์\nไลน์\nไลฟ์\nวนาราม\nวราราม\nวโรกาส\nว้อดก้า\nวอเตอร์\nวอฟเฟิล\nว้อย\nวอร์ม\nวอร์มอัพ\nวอร์รูม\nวอล์ก\nวอล์ค\nวอลซ์\nวอลนัต\nวอลนัท\nวอลล์\nว่ะ\nวันเวย์\nวัสสา\nวาซาบิ\nวาทกรรม\nวาทะ\nวานิลลา\nวานิลา\nวาฟเฟิล\nวาริชศาสตร์\nว้าว\nวัคค์\nวัจนะ\nวาไรตี้\nวิก\nวิดีโอ\nวิทย์\nวิน\nวิป\nวิปปิ้ง\nวิภัชภาค\nวิว\nวิลล์\nวิลเลจ\nวีเจ\nวีซ่า\nวีดิทัศน์\nวีน\nวีไอพี\nวืด\nเวณิกา\nเวเฟอร์\nเวสต์\nเวอร์\nเวิร์ก\nเวิร์กช็อป\nเวิร์ค\nเวิร์ลด์\nเวิลด์\nแวมไพร์\nไวกิ้ง\nไวเบรเตอร์\nไวอะกร้า\nไวอากร้า\nศากยบุตร\nศิรินทร์\nศิลปวัฒนธรรม\nศิลปากร\nศิวิไลซ์\nศึกษาศาสตร์\nสกรัม\nสกาย\nสกู๊ป\nสเกตช์\nสเก็ตช์\nสคริปต์\nสแควร์\nสงบสุข\nสจ๊วต\nสตรอเบอร์รี\nสตรอเบอรี\nสตรอว์เบอร์รี\nสตริง\nสต็อก\nสต๊อก\nสต็อค\nสต๊อค\nสตอรี\nสตาร์\nสตาร์ท\nสติกเกอร์\nสติ๊กเกอร์\nสตีล\nสตูดิโอ\nสเตชัน\nสเตชั่น\nสเตเดียม\nสเตนเลส\nสเต็ป\nสเตย์\nสเตริโอ\nสเตอริโอ\nสแตนดาร์ด\nสแตนเลส\nสโตน\nสโตร์\nสไตรค์\nสไตล์\nสถาปัตย์\nสไนเปอร์\nสปอต\nสป็อต\nสปอนเซอร์\nสปอร์ต\nสปา\nสปาย\nสปิริต\nสเปก\nสเปค\nสไปเดอร์\nสมณพราหมณ์\nสมาพันธ์\nสมิติเวช\nสโรชา\nสลัม\nสแล็ก\nสโลแกน\nสโลว์\nสไลด์\nสวีท\nสหรัฐ\nสหัชญาณ\nสหัสวรรษ\nสะกอม\nสะเด่า\nสะบึม\nสะบึมส์\nสะออน\nสังโฆ\nสะโหลสะเหล\nสันทนาการ\nสัมนา\nสามช่า\nสามแยก\nสารขัณฑ์\nสี่แยก\nสึนามิ\nสุนทรีย์\nสุริยยาตร\nสุริยยาตร์\nสุหนี่\nเสกสรรค์\nเสพติด\nเสือโคร่ง\nหงวน\nหน่อมแน้ม\nหมวย\nหมั่นโถว\nหม่านโถว\nหมายปอง\nหมิง\nหยวน\nหลวงตา\nหลวงปู่\nหลวงพี่\nหล่อฮังก้วย\nหลินจือ\nห่วย\nเห็นด้วย\nเหมย\nเห่ย\nเหี่ยวย่น\nแหม็บ\nแหวว\nโหงว\nโหงวเฮ้ง\nโหลน\nโหลยโท่ย\nไหง\nไหร่\nอพาร์ตเมนต์\nอพาร์ตเมนท์\nอพาร์ทเมนต์\nอพาร์ทเมนท์\nอมาตยาธิปไตย\nอยุติธรรม\nอริยสงฆ์\nอ่วม\nอวอร์ด\nออกแบบ\nออดิชั่น\nออดิทอเรียม\nออเดอร์\nออโต้\nออทิสติก\nอ่อนด้อย\nออฟ\nออยล์\nออร์แกน\nออร์แกนิก\nออร์แกนิค\nออร์เดอร์\nออรัล\nออสซี่\nอะ\nอัตลักษณ์\nอัตวิสัย\nอันเดอร์\nอันตรกิริยา\nอัลตรา\nอัลไซเมอร์\nอัลบัม\nอัลบั้ม\nอัลมอนด์\nอาข่า\nอาโนเนะ\nอาฟเตอร์\nอาร์ติสต์\nอาร์พีจี\nอาว์\nอาสวะ\nอิกัวนา\nอินดอร์\nอินดัสตรีส์\nอินเตอร์\nอิ่มแปร้\nอิมพีเรียล\nอิเล็กทริก\nอิเล็กทริค\nอิเลียด\nอิสรชน\nอิเหนา\nอิออน\nอีแต๋น\nอีโรติก\nอีเวนท์\nอีสต์\nอีสเตอร์\nอึ๊บ\nอึ้ม\nอึ๋ม\nอึมครึม\nอุด้ง\nอุตสาหการ\nอุเทน\nอุปการคุณ\nอุปทาน\nอุปนายก\nอุปนายิกา\nอุปสงค์\nอุปัทวเหตุ\nอุรังคธาตุ\nอูคูเลเล่\nอู้ฟู่\nเอ๋\nเอ็กซ์โป\nเอ็กซ์เพรส\nเอ็กโซเซต์\nเอ็กโซเซ่ต์\nเอเซีย\nเอ็นจีโอ\nเอ็นเตอร์เทน\nเอนทรานซ์\nเอ็นทรานซ์\nเอฟเฟ็กต์\nเอเยนต์\nเอลนีโญ\nเอสเปรสโซ\nเอสเพรสโซ\nเอ๋อ\nเอาต์\nเอาท์\nเอาท์ดอร์\nเอ๊าะ\nแอ็กชั่น\nแอ็คชั่น\nแอคทีฟ\nแอดมิชชั่น\nแอดมิสชัน\nแอนด์\nแอ๊บแบ๊ว\nแอปเปิล\nแอปเปิ้ล\nแอปพริคอท\nแอพพริคอท\nแอพริคอต\nแอร์\nแอโรบิก\nแอโรบิค\nแอลมอนด์\nแอสเตอร์\nโอเค\nโอเปอเรเตอร์\nโอเปร่า\nโอเพ่น\nโอ้ย\nโอยัวะ\nโอรสาธิราช\nโอเลี้ยง\nโอวัลติน\nโอเวอร์\nไอซ์\nไอซียู\nไอดอล\nไอเดีย\nไอติม\nฮวงจุ้ย\nฮ่องเต้\nฮองเฮา\nฮอต\nฮ็อต\nฮอตดอก\nฮ็อตด็อก\nฮันนีมูน\nฮัม\nฮัลโลวีน\nฮัลโหล\nฮากกา\nฮาร์ด\nฮาราคีรี\nฮาลาล\nฮาโลวีน\nฮิ\nฮิต\nฮิบรู\nฮิปโป\nฮิปฮอป\nฮีโร่\nฮูลาฮูป\nฮูล่าฮูป\nเฮฟวี\nเฮฟวี่\nเฮอร์ริเคน\nเฮีย\nแฮนด์\nแฮปปี้\nแฮมเบอร์เกอร์\nโฮป\nโฮม\nโฮลดิงส์\nโฮลวีต\nโฮสเตส\nไฮกุ\nไฮแจ็ค\nไฮโซ\nไฮเทค\nไฮบริด\nไฮเปอร์\nไฮไลต์\nไฮไลท์\nไฮเวย์\nไฮสคูล\nไฮเอนด์\n\nกรีซ\nกัมพูชา\nกัวเตมาลา\nกาตาร์\nกานา\nกาบอง\nกายอานา\nกินี\nเกรนาดีนส์\nเกรเนดา\nเกาหลี\nแกมเบีย\nโกตดิวัวร์\nคองโก\nคอโมโรส\nคอสตาริกา\nคาซัคสถาน\nคิตส์\nคิริบาตี\nคิริบาส\nคิวบา\nคีร์กีซสถาน\nคูเวต\nเคนยา\nเคปเวิร์ด\nเคย์แมน\nแคนาดา\nแคเมอรูน\nโครเอเชีย\nโคลอมเบีย\nจอร์เจีย\nจอร์แดน\nจาเมกา\nจิบูตี\nจีน\nชาด\nชิลี\nเช็ก\nซามัว\nซาอุ\nซิมบับเว\nซีเรีย\nซูดาน\nซูรินาเม\nเซนต์\nเซเนกัล\nเซอร์เบีย\nเซาตูเม\nเซียร์รา\nแซมเบีย\nโซมาเลีย\nโซเวียต\nไซปรัส\nญี่ปุ่น\nดารุสซาลาม\nเดนมาร์ก\nโดมินิกัน\nโดมินิกา\nตรินิแดด\nตองกา\nติมอร์\nตุรกี\nตูนิเซีย\nเติร์กเมนิสถาน\nโตโก\nโตเบโก\nไต้หวัน\nทาจิกิสถาน\nแทนซาเนีย\nนอร์เวย์\nนามิเบีย\nนาอูรู\nนิการากัว\nนิวซีแลนด์\nเนเธอร์แลนด์\nเนปาล\nเนวิส\nไนจีเรีย\nไนเจอร์\nบราซิล\nบริติช\nบริเตน\nบรูไน\nบอตสวานา\nบอสเนีย\nบังกลาเทศ\nบังคลาเทศ\nบัลแกเรีย\nบาร์บูดา\nบาร์เบโดส\nบาห์เรน\nบาฮามาส\nบิสเซา\nบุรุนดี\nบูร์กินาฟาโซ\nเบนิน\nเบลเยียม\nเบลารุส\nเบลีซ\nเบอร์มิวดา\nโบลิเวีย\nปรินซิปี\nปากีสถาน\nปานามา\nปาปัวนิวกินี\nปารากวัย\nปาเลสไตน์\nปาเลา\nเปรู\nเปอร์เซีย\nเปอร์โตริโก\nโปรตุเกส\nโปแลนด์\nฝรั่งเศส\nพม่า\nฟิจิ\nฟินแลนด์\nฟิลิปปินส์\nเฟรนช์\nภูฏาน\nภูฐาน\nมองโกเลีย\nมอนเตเนโกร\nมอนแทนา\nมอริเชียส\nมอริเตเนีย\nมอลโดวา\nมอลตา\nมัลดีฟส์\nมาเก๊า\nมาซิโดเนีย\nมาดากัสการ์\nมาร์แชลล์\nมาลาวี\nมาลี\nมาเลเซีย\nเม็กซิโก\nเมียนมาร์\nโมซัมบิก\nโมนาโก\nโมนาโค\nโมร็อกโก\nไมโครนีเซีย\nยูกันดา\nยูโกสลาเวีย\nยูเครน\nเยเมน\nเยอรมนี\nรวันดา\nรัสเซีย\nโรมาเนีย\nลักเซมเบิร์ก\nลัตเวีย\nลาว\nลิกเตนสไตน์\nลิทัวเนีย\nลิเบีย\nลีโอน\nลูเซีย\nเลโซโท\nเลบานอน\nเลสเต\nไลบีเรีย\nวาติกัน\nวานูอาตู\nวินเซนต์\nเวเนซุเอลา\nเวียดนาม\nศรีลังกา\nสเปน\nสโลวะเกีย\nสโลวัก\nสโลวีเนีย\nสวาซิแลนด์\nสวิตเซอร์แลนด์\nสวีเดน\nสหรัฐ\nสหราชอาณาจักร\nสิกขิม\nสิงคโปร์\nอเมริกา\nออสเตรเลีย\nออสเตรีย\nอันดอร์รา\nอัฟกานิสถาน\nอาเซอร์ไบจาน\nอาร์เจนตินา\nอาร์เมเนีย\nอาระเบีย\nอิเควทอเรียล\nอิตาลี\nอินเดีย\nอินโดนีเซีย\nอิรัก\nอิสราเอล\nอิหร่าน\nอียิปต์\nอุซเบกิสถาน\nอุรุกวัย\nเอกวาดอร์\nเอธิโอเปีย\nเอมิเรตส์\nเอริเทรีย\nเอลซัลวาดอร์\nเอสโตเนีย\nแองโกลา\nแอนติกา\nแอลจีเรีย\nแอลเบเนีย\nโอมาน\nไอซ์แลนด์\nไอร์แลนด์\nฮ่องกง\nฮอนดูรัส\nฮังการี\nเฮติ\nเฮอร์เซโกวีนา\n\nกระบี่\nกรุงเทพ\nกาญจนบุรี\nกาฬสินธุ์\nกำแพงเพชร\nขอนแก่น\nจันทบุรี\nฉะเชิงเทรา\nชลบุรี\nชัยนาท\nชัยภูมิ\nชุมพร\nเชียงราย\nเชียงใหม่\nตรัง\nตราด\nตาก\nนครนายก\nนครปฐม\nนครพนม\nนครราชสีมา\nนครศรีธรรมราช\nนครสวรรค์\nนนทบุรี\nนราธิวาส\nน่าน\nบึงกาฬ\nบุรีรัมย์\nปทุมธานี\nประจวบคีรีขันธ์\nปราจีนบุรี\nปัตตานี\nพะเยา\nพังงา\nพัทลุง\nพิจิตร\nพิษณุโลก\nเพชรบุรี\nเพชรบูรณ์\nแพร่\nภูเก็ต\nมหาสารคาม\nมุกดาหาร\nแม่ฮ่องสอน\nยโสธร\nยะลา\nร้อยเอ็ด\nระนอง\nระยอง\nราชบุรี\nลพบุรี\nลำปาง\nลำพูน\nเลย\nศรีสะเกษ\nสกลนคร\nสงขลา\nสตูล\nสมุทรปราการ\nสมุทรสงคราม\nสมุทรสาคร\nสระแก้ว\nสระบุรี\nสิงห์บุรี\nสุโขทัย\nสุพรรณบุรี\nสุราษฎร์\nสุราษฎร์ธานี\nสุรินทร์\nหนองคาย\nหนองบัวลำภู\nอยุธยา\nอ่างทอง\nอำนาจเจริญ\nอุดรธานี\nอุตรดิตถ์\nอุทัยธานี\nอุบลราชธานี\nกันทรลักษ์\nจตุจักร\nไชยา\nซีคอน\nดอนเมือง\nถลาง\nไทรโยค\nธนบุรี\nธัญบุรี\nบางกอก\nบางปะกง\nบางระจัน\nปะทิว\nปาย\nพญาไท\nพัฒน์พงษ์\nพัทยา\nพารากอน\nภูมิซรอล\nรัตนาธิเบศร์\nรังสิต\nลันตา\nลาดพร้าว\nวโรรส\nวิภาวดี\nสตึก\nสมุย\nสัตหีบ\nสิมิลัน\nสุขุมวิท\nสุไหง\nเสลภูมิ\nอังรีดูนังต์\nอ่างขาง\nอินทนนท์\nเอ็มโพเรียม\n\nคิวชู\nแคริบเบียน\nแคสเปียน\nดานูบ\nตะนาวศรี\nนอร์วีเจียน\nนิโคบาร์\nเนรัญชรา\nไนล์\nบอร์เนียว\nบอลติก\nเบงกอล\nปิง\nแปซิฟิก\nมะละกา\nมินดาเนา\nมิสซิสซิปปี\nเมดิเตอร์เรเนียน\nเมโสโปเตเมีย\nยมุนา\nยุโรป\nยูเรเชีย\nยูเรเซีย\nแยงซี\nแยงซีเกียง\nสแกนดิเนเวีย\nสะโตง\nสาละวิน\nสุมาตรา\nสุเอซ\nอะเมซอน\nอันดามัน\nอัลไต\nอาร์กติก\nอาหรับ\nอินโดจีน\nอิรวดี\nอิระวดี\nอีเจียน\nอุษาคเณย์\nอูราล\nเอเชีย\nเอเดรียติก\nเอเวอเรสต์\nแอตแลนติก\nแอนตาร์กติก\nแอนตาร์กติกา\nแอฟริกา\nโอลิมปัส\nไอโอเนียน\nฮวงโห\nฮอกไกโด\nฮอนชู\n\nกบิลพัสดุ์\nกุสินารา\nโกลิยะ\nโกสัมพี\nโคตรบอง\nโคตรบูรณ์\nตองอู\nทรอย\nทวารวดี\nทวาราวดี\nเทวทหะ\nไทรบุรี\nนาลันทา\nไบแซนไทน์\nปรัสเซีย\nปัลลวะ\nปาฏลีบุตร\nพุทธคยา\nมถุรา\nมายัน\nมิถิลา\nราชคฤห์\nล้านช้าง\nล้านนา\nลุมพินี\nวัชชี\nเวสาลี\nสารนาถ\nสาวัตถี\nหริภุญชัย\nอโยธยา\nออตโตมัน\nอังวะ\nอินทปัตถ์\nอุชเชนี\n\nกราฟิก\nกราฟิกส์\nกราฟิค\nกริด\nกิกะไบต์\nกูเกิล\nกูเกิ้ล\nเกตเวย์\nโกลบอล\nคลัสเตอร์\nคลาส\nคลิก\nคลิปอาร์ต\nคอนโซล\nคอนเทนต์\nคอมพิวติ้ง\nคอมไพล์\nคอมไพเลอร์\nคอมมูนิเคชั่น\nคอร์\nคีย์\nคีย์บอร์ด\nเครือข่าย\nเคอร์เซอร์\nเคอร์เนล\nแคช\nแคมฟรอก\nแคมฟร็อก\nแคร็ก\nโค้ด\nจาวา\nจีพีเอส\nชิป\nชิพ\nเชลล์\nแช็ต\nแชนเนล\nแชนแนล\nซ็อกเก็ต\nซอฟต์แวร์\nซอฟท์แวร์\nซอร์ส\nซัพพอร์ต\nซัพพอร์ท\nซีดี\nซีดีรอม\nซีเนอร์\nเซิร์ฟเวอร์\nโซลูชัน\nโซลูชั่น\nไซต์\nไซเบอร์\nทรานแซกชัน\nทรานแซกชั่น\nทรานแซ็กชัน\nทรานแซ็กชั่น\nทรานแซคชัน\nทรานแซคชั่น\nทรานแซ็คชัน\nทรานแซ็คชั่น\nทวิตเตอร์\nทวีต\nทัชแพด\nเทมเพลต\nเทอร์มินัล\nแท็ก\nแท็บ\nแทบเล็ต\nโทรจัน\nเน็ต\nเน็ตบุ๊ก\nเน็ตบุค\nเน็ตบุ๊ค\nเน็ตเวิร์ก\nเน็ตเวิร์ค\nโน้ตบุ๊ก\nโน้ตบุค\nโน้ตบุ๊ค\nดอส\nดาวน์เกรด\nดาวน์โหลด\nดิจิตอล\nดิจิทัล\nดีบั๊ก\nดีวีดี\nดีไวซ์\nเดเบียน\nเดลไฟ\nเดสก์ท็อป\nโดเมน\nไดรว์\nไดรเวอร์\nไดเรกทอรี\nไดโอด\nเทเลคอม\nบล็อกเกอร์\nบรอดแบนด์\nบราวเซอร์\nบลูทูท\nบลูทูธ\nบลูเรย์\nบั๊ก\nบัฟเฟอร์\nบิต\nบิท\nบูต\nเบราว์เซอร์\nแบนด์วิดท์\nไบต์\nไบนารี\nโปรแกรมเมอร์\nโปรเซส\nโปรเซสเซอร์\nโปรโตคอล\nพร็อกซี\nพอร์ต\nพอร์ท\nพาเนล\nพาร์ทิชัน\nพารามิเตอร์\nพาสเวิร์ด\nพิกเซล\nเพจ\nเพจเจอร์\nแพกเก็ต\nแพตช์\nแพลตฟอร์ม\nโพรเซส\nโพรเซสเซอร์\nโพรโทคอล\nไพธอน\nฟล็อปส์\nฟอนต์\nฟอร์แมต\nฟอร์เวิร์ด\nฟอรัม\nฟีเจอร์\nเฟซบุ๊ก\nเฟิร์มแวร์\nแฟล็ก\nโฟลเดอร์\nไฟร์ฟอกซ์\nไฟร์วอลล์\nไฟล์\nมอดูล\nมอนิเตอร์\nมัลติ\nมัลติทัช\nมัลติเพล็กซ์\nมัลแวร์\nมาสเตอร์\nมีเดีย\nเมนู\nเมมโมรี\nเมล\nเมาส์\nแมค\nโมดูล\nโมเด็ม\nโมบาย\nโมบายล์\nโมไบล์\nไมโครซอฟท์\nยูนิกซ์\nยูนิโคด\nยูนิโค้ด\nริงโทน\nรีเฟรช\nรีเลย์\nเราเตอร์\nเรียลไทม์\nลิงก์\nลินุกซ์\nลีนุกซ์\nลูป\nเลเยอร์\nแล็ปท็อป\nไลเซนส์\nไลบรารี\nวิกิ\nวิกิพีเดีย\nวินโดวส์\nวินโดว์ส\nเว็บ\nเวอร์ชวล\nเวอร์ชัน\nเวอร์ชั่น\nเวิร์กสเตชัน\nเวิร์กสเตชั่น\nเวิร์คสเตชัน\nเวิร์คสเตชั่น\nเวิร์ด\nเวิร์ม\nไวแมกซ์\nสกรีน\nสแกน\nสแกนเนอร์\nสแต็ก\nสนิฟเฟอร์\nสปายแวร์\nสเปซ\nสแปม\nสมาร์ท\nสล็อต\nเสิร์ช\nโหลด\nออนไลน์\nออปติก\nออปติคอล\nออปติคัล\nออฟไลน์\nออราเคิล\nอัพเกรด\nอัพเดต\nอัพโหลด\nอัปเกรด\nอัปเดต\nอัปโหลด\nอัลกอริทึม\nอาร์กิวเมนต์\nอินเตอร์เน็ต\nอินทิเกรเตอร์\nอินเทอร์เน็ต\nอินเทอร์เฟซ\nอินเทล\nอินพุต\nอินพุท\nอีเมล\nอีเมล์\nอูบุนตู\nอูบันตู\nเอนจิน\nเอ็นจิน\nเอาต์พุต\nเอาต์พุท\nเอาท์พุต\nเอาท์พุท\nแอนะล็อก\nแอนิเมชัน\nแอนิเมชั่น\nแอปพลิเคชัน\nแอปพลิเคชั่น\nแอพพลิเคชัน\nแอพพลิเคชั่น\nแอสเซมบลี\nแอสเซมเบลอร์\nโอเพน\nไอคอน\nไอซี\nไอพอด\nไอพ็อด\nไอแพด\nไอโฟน\nฮับ\nฮาร์ดดิสก์\nฮาร์ดแวร์\nแฮกเกอร์\nแฮ็กเกอร์\nแฮนด์เฮลด์\nโฮสต์\n\nกรีก\nกัณณาฑ\nกัศมีรี\nคันจิ\nคาตาคานะ\nคุชราตี\nคุรุมุขี\nซีริลลิก\nซูลู\nเซลติก\nเซิร์บ\nตากาล็อก\nเตลุคู\nเติร์ก\nทราวิฑ\nเบงกาลี\nปัญจาบี\nพินอิน\nมลยาฬัม\nมองโกล\nมาราฐี\nมาเลย์\nเม็กซิกัน\nแมนจู\nแมนดาริน\nไมถิลี\nเยอรมัน\nรัสเซียน\nสวาฮิลี\nสวิส\nสินธี\nอูรดู\nอัสสมี\nอารบิก\nอิตาเลียน\nอุยกูร์\nแอฟริกัน\nโอริยา\nไอริช\nฮันกึล\nฮินดี\nฮิรางานะ\nฮีบรู\n\nกรีนพีซ\nกรือเซะ\nกวนอิม\nกวนอู\nกัดดาฟี\nกัลยาณวัตร\nกัสสปะ\nกาลิเลโอ\nกินเนส\nกุมภกรรณ\nกูเตนเบิร์ก\nเกตส์\nเกษมณี\nโกณฑัญญะ\nขงเบ้ง\nคริสโตเฟอร์\nคองคอร์ด\nคอลเกต\nคานธี\nคาเบรียล\nคาร์ฟูร์\nคาร์สัน\nคาราบาว\nคาสิโอ\nคิริน\nคุนลุ้น\nคูโบต้า\nเครมลิน\nแคทรีนา\nโคตมะ\nโคตมี\nโคลัมบัส\nไคฟง\nไครสเลอร์\nง้อไบ๊\nจตุพร\nจ็อบส์\nจอห์น\nจิ้น\nจิม\nจิ๋ม\nจิว\nจุฬาภรณ์\nจุฬาลงกรณ์\nเจมส์\nแจ็กสัน\nโจเซฟ\nโจว\nชมัยมรุเชฐ\nชมัยมรุเชษฐ์\nชเวดากอง\nชาร์ลส์\nชินราช\nชินวัตร\nชุนชิว\nเช็ง\nเชตวัน\nเชฟรอน\nเชฟโรเลต\nเชลซี\nไชยานุชิต\nซ่ง\nซังฮี้\nซัดดัม\nซันซิล\nซัมซุง\nซัวเจ๋ง\nซินหัว\nซีซาร์\nซีแพค\nซูซาน\nซูซูกิ\nซูบารุ\nเซ็นทารา\nเซเวน\nเซเว่น\nโซฟิเทล\nโซยุซ\nโซยูซ\nณัฐวุฒิ\nดาร์ลี่\nดาวโจนส์\nดิสนีย์\nดีแทค\nดูปองท์\nเดโมแครต\nเดลล์\nเดลินิวส์\nเดวิด\nแดวู\nโดนัลด์\nโดราเอมอน\nโดเรมอน\nต๋อง\nตั๊กม้อ\nตากสิน\nตาเมือน\nตาลีบัน\nตูน\nเตมีย์\nโต๋\nโตชิบา\nโตโยต้า\nถังซัมจั๋ง\nถังซำจั๋ง\nทรพา\nทราเวล\nทรูมูฟ\nทีปังกร\nเทปโก\nเทพรัตน\nเทวทัต\nเทสโก้\nโทมัส\nไททานิก\nไททานิค\nไทยรัฐ\nธีออส\nนครินทรา\nนโปเลียน\nนพดล\nนราดูร\nนเรนทร\nนอสตราดามุส\nนาซา\nนาซ่า\nนาซี\nนาโต\nนาโต้\nนาลแก\nนิคอน\nนิโคลัส\nนิด้า\nนินเทนโด\nนิปปอน\nนิวตัน\nนิสสัน\nเนคเทค\nเนชั่น\nเนชันแนล\nเนชั่นแนล\nเนวิน\nเนสเล่\nเนสาด\nแนท\nแนสแดค\nโนเกีย\nโนเบล\nโนเวลล์\nโนโวเทล\nไนเม็กซ์\nบรอดเวย์\nบรัดเลย์\nบรู๊ซ\nบัลเมอร์\nบารัก\nบารัค\nบู๊ตึ๊ง\nเบญกาย\nเบนซ์\nเบ็นซ์\nเบนจามิน\nโบตัน\nไบโอเทค\nประชาธิปัตย์\nปวีณา\nปอเต็กตึ๊ง\nปอเต๊กตึ๊ง\nป่อเต็กตึ๊ง\nปัตตะโชติ\nปารุสก์\nปีเตอร์\nปูติน\nเป๊ปซี่\nเป้ย\nเปอร์โยต์\nเปาบุ้นจิ้น\nโปเกมอน\nโป๊ยก่าย\nพรหมทัต\nพลาโต\nพอลล่า\nพานาโซนิค\nพานาโซนิก\nพิทยานุกูล\nพิมพิสาร\nเพนแทกซ์\nเพลโต\nไพโอเนียร์\nฟรอยด์\nฟรังซิส\nฟรานซิส\nฟลอเรนซ์\nฟอร์ด\nฟิลิปส์\nฟูจิ\nแฟซ่า\nโฟร์โมสต์\nภูมิพล\nภูริทัต\nมงฟอร์ต\nมณโฑ\nมติชน\nมหิตลาธิเบศร\nมโหสถ\nมัจฉานุ\nมาร์กาเร็ต\nมาร์ติน\nมาสด้า\nมิตซูบิชิ\nมิราเคิล\nมุสโสลินี\nเม้ง\nเมจิ\nเมอร์ซีเดส\nเมอร์เซเดส\nแมกซ์เวลล์\nแมกไซไซ\nแมคอินทอช\nแมชีนเนอรี่\nโมคคัลลานะ\nโมโตโรลา\nโมโตโรล่า\nโมเนีย\nไมเคิล\nไมยราพณ์\nยโสธรา\nยะโฮวา\nยะโฮวาห์\nยามาฮ่า\nยาเวห์\nยาฮู\nยูนิเซฟ\nยูเนสโก\nยูไล\nเยโฮวาห์\nรอยเตอร์\nรอยัล\nรัชดา\nรัสปูติน\nราฟาเอล\nรามาวตาร\nราเมศวร\nราหุล\nริชาร์ด\nรีพับลิกัน\nรูนีย์\nเรนโบว์\nแรมโบ้\nโรตารี\nโรนัลโด\nโรนัลโด้\nโรบินสัน\nโรเบิร์ต\nล็อกซเล่ย์\nลิงคอล์น\nลิจฉวี\nลิไท\nลิไทย\nลินคอล์น\nลิเวอร์พูล\nเลโนโว\nเลียดก๊ก\nโลตัส\nวชิราลงกรณ์\nวลาดิเมียร์\nวอลล์สตรีท\nวาเลนไทน์\nวิกตอเรีย\nวิทยานุสรณ์\nวิทยายน\nวิมเบิลดัน\nวิลเลียม\nวีระ\nวุฒิชัย\nเวียดกง\nไวตามิลค์\nศกุนตลา\nศรีวิชัย\nศิริพงษ์\nศิริราช\nศุภชลาศัย\nสดกก๊อกธม\nสดายุ\nสตาลิน\nสตีฟ\nสแตนฟอร์ด\nสวรินทิรา\nสังกัจจายน์\nสาทิตย์\nสารีบุตร\nสิริกิติ์\nสิรินธร\nสิหิงค์\nสีวลี\nสีหนุ\nสีหมุนี\nสีหโมนี\nสุครีพ\nสุทโธทนะ\nสุเทพ\nสุนทราภรณ์\nสุนีย์\nสุรนารี\nสุรยุทธ์\nสุริยาสน์\nเส้าหลิน\nโสกราตีส\nโสภิต\nหนุมาน\nหลินฮุ่ย\nหลุยส์\nเห้งเจีย\nไหหม่า\nองคต\nองคุลิมาล\nอชาตศัตรู\nอดุลยเดช\nอพอลโล\nอริสโตเติล\nอริสมันต์\nอลิซาเบธ\nอ๋อม\nออร์คิด\nออสการ์\nอะพอลโล\nอับราฮัม\nอั้ม\nอัลกออิดะห์\nอัลคาเทล\nอัลจาซีราห์\nอัลเฟรด\nอัลเลาะห์\nอัสซุส\nอัสสชิ\nอัสสัมชัญ\nอาเซม\nอาเซ็ม\nอาเซียน\nอาฟต้า\nอาร์เซนอล\nอินทรชิต\nอินทราทิตย์\nอีซูซุ\nอีเลฟเวน\nอีเลฟเว่น\nอุณรุท\nอุบลรัตน์\nอุบาลี\nอุ๋ย\nเอกทัศน์\nเอเซอร์\nเอ็ดเวิร์ด\nเอดิสัน\nเอแบค\nเอลิซาเบธ\nเอสพลานาด\nเอสพลานาร์ด\nแอคคอร์\nแอคคอร์ด\nแองเจลิน่า\nแอตแลนติส\nแอน\nแอ๋ม\nแอมบาสซาเดอร์\nแอมบาสเดอร์\nแอมเวย์\nแอ๋ว\nโอดีสซีย์\nโอเดียน\nโอบามา\nโอรสาราม\nโอลิมเปีย\nโออิชิ\nไอน์สไตน์\nฮอนด้า\nฮอปกินส์\nฮอลลีวูด\nฮอลลีวู้ด\nฮานามิ\nฮามาส\nฮิตเลอร์\nฮิตาชิ\nฮุนเซน\nฮุนเซ็น\nฮุนได\nฮุสเซ็น\nเฮนรี\nเฮนรี่\nเฮเลน\nโฮจิมินห์\nโฮปเวลล์\nโฮเมอร์\n\nกลีเซอรีน\nกำทอน\nแกนีมีด\nครอส\nคริสตัล\nคลอโรพลาสต์\nคลอไรด์\nควอนตัม\nคอนดักเตอร์\nคอปเปอร์\nคอลลาเจน\nคอเลสเตอรอล\nคอสมิก\nคูลอมบ์\nเคอราติน\nแคโรทีน\nแคสสินี\nโครมาโทกราฟี\nไคโตซาน\nจีโนม\nจุลชีววิทยา\nชิคุนกุนยา\nซัลฟิวริก\nซัลเฟต\nซัลไฟด์\nซิงค์\nซิริอุส\nซิลิกา\nซิลิเกต\nซิลิโคน\nซีเทน\nซีเวิร์ต\nเซ็กเตอร์\nเซ็กเมนต์\nเซมิ\nโซนาร์\nไซบอร์ก\nดอปเปลอร์\nดอปเพลอร์\nไดนามิก\nไดนามิกส์\nไดนามิค\nไดนามิคส์\nไดออกไซด์\nทรานส์\nทามิฟลู\nเทฟลอน\nเทสโทสเตอโรน\nเทอร์โม\nแทนนิน\nไททัน\nไทฟอยด์\nไทรอยด์\nธาลัสซีเมีย\nเนกาตีฟ\nโนวา\nบอแรกซ์\nโบทอกซ์\nโบท็อกซ์\nไบโอติน\nปฏิยานุพันธ์\nโปรเจสเตอโรน\nพอลิเมอร์\nพันธุศาสตร์\nพัลซาร์\nพาร์กินสัน\nพาราเซตามอล\nพาราโบลา\nเพอร์ออกไซด์\nโพรเจสเทอโรน\nโพลาไรซ์\nโพลิเมอร์\nโพลีเอทิลีน\nไพรเมต\nฟลาโวนอยด์\nฟลูออเรสเซนซ์\nฟลูออไรด์\nฟอสซิล\nฟิชชัน\nฟิวชัน\nฟีโรโมน\nไฟเบอร์\nมอนอกไซด์\nมิราจ\nเมตริกซ์\nเมทริกซ์\nเมลานิน\nเมลามีน\nโมเมนตัม\nไมโตคอนเดรีย\nไมโทคอนเดรีย\nยีสต์\nยูริก\nยูเรีย\nรูมาตอยด์\nวีก้า\nเวกเตอร์\nเวก้า\nเวสิเคิล\nโวลต์\nสเกล\nสเกลาร์\nสเต็ม\nสเตียรอยด์\nสปีชีส์\nสเปิร์ม\nสัมพัทธภาพ\nสุริยจักรวาล\nออกเทน\nออโรรา\nออโรร่า\nอะคริลิก\nอะครีลิก\nอะซีติก\nอะซีโตน\nอะมิโน\nอะลูมินา\nอันโดรเมดา\nอัลคาไลน์\nอัลตราซาวด์\nอัลตราซาวนด์\nอัลลอยด์\nอินทิกรัล\nอินทิเกรต\nอีโบลา\nอีโบล่า\nเอ็กซ์โพเนนเชียล\nเอทานอล\nเอทิลีน\nเอนโทรปี\nเอสเตอร์\nเอสโตรเจน\nเอสโทรเจน\nแอนดรอยด์\nแอนแทร็กซ์\nแอมพลิจูด\nแอมโมเนียม\nแอลกอฮอลิซึม\nแอสพาร์แตม\nโอเซลทามิเวียร์\nฮับเบิล\nฮิวมัส\nไฮดรอกไซด์\nไฮดรอลิก\nไฮโดรลิก\nไฮเพอร์โบลา\n\nกงเต็ก\nกฎุมพี\nกฏ\nกฏหมาย\nกบฎ\nกราไฟต์\nก๊อปปี้\nกะทะ\nกังวาล\nกุฎฐัง\nกุฏุมพี\nฃวด\nคฑา\nคลินิค\nคลีนิก\nคลีนิค\nคาทอลิค\nคึ่นฉ่าย\nแคตตาล็อก\nโควต้า\nฅน\nจุมพฎ\nช็อคโกแลต\nแซ่ด\nดัทช์\nทนง\nทรมาณ\nทราก\nทะแยง\nทิฏฐิ\nบล็อค\nบ๊องแบ๊ว\nบัลเล่ต์\nเบรค\nแบงค์\nปรากฎ\nปัคคหะ\nปาฏิโมกข์\nปิติ\nปิรามิด\nโปรเตสแตนท์\nพนิช\nพยักเพยิด\nพริ้ว\nพลูโตเนียม\nพากษ์\nเฟิร์น\nยากี้\nเยภุยยสิกา\nรุสเซีย\nฤาษี\nล็อค\nล็อคเกอร์\nวันทยาหัตถ์\nวานิช\nวิญญาน\nวิศิษฐ์\nศรีษะ\nสเปกโทรสโคป\nสฤษฎ์\nสลิ่ม\nสัตตสดก\nสาราณียากร\nสุกี้\nสุกี้ยากี้\nสูญญากาศ\nหยอมแหยม\nหยอย\nหล่ะ\nอะดรีนาลีน\nอะหลั่ย\nอัตคัต\nอัฟริกา\nอานิสงค์\nอาฟริกา\nอิริยาบท\nอิเลคโทรนิคส์\nอีรุงตุงนัง\nอุตรายัน\nอุลตรา\nอุลตร้า\nโอกาศ\n\nกกหู\nกงการ\nกงจักร\nกฎเกณฑ์\nกฎบัตร\nกฎหมาย\nกฎหมู่\nกดขี่\nกดดัน\nก้นกบ\nก้นบึ้ง\nก้นปล่อง\nกนิษฐภคินี\nกนิษฐภาดา\nกรงเล็บ\nกรมการ\nกรมท่า\nกรมธรรม์\nกรมนา\nกรมวัง\nกรรมกร\nกรรมการ\nกรรมฐาน\nกรรมบถ\nกรรมพันธุ์\nกรรมวิธี\nกรรมสิทธิ์\nกระจกเงา\nกระจกตา\nกระจกนูน\nกระจกเว้า\nกระจอกชวา\nกระจอกเทศ\nกระจ้อยร่อย\nกระจับบก\nกระจับปิ้ง\nกระจับปี่\nกระโชกโฮกฮาก\nกระดานดำ\nกระดานหก\nกระดาษแก้ว\nกระดาษไข\nกระดาษทราย\nกระดาษสา\nกระดูกงู\nกระทาชาย\nกระเท่เร่\nกระบวนการ\nกระบองเพชร\nกระผีกริ้น\nกระยาทิพย์\nกระยาสารท\nกระยาหาร\nกระสอบทราย\nกระสุนปืน\nกระแสจิต\nกระแสน้ำ\nกระแสลม\nกรับคู่\nกรับพวง\nกรับเสภา\nกราดเกรี้ยว\nกราวรูด\nกริ่งเกรง\nกรีฑาสถาน\nกรีดกราย\nกรี๊ดกร๊าด\nกลไก\nกลบท\nกลเม็ด\nกลยุทธ์\nกลวิธี\nกลศาสตร์\nกลอักษร\nกลบเกลื่อน\nกลมกล่อม\nกลมกลืน\nกลมเกลียว\nกล้วยแขก\nกล้วยไม้\nกล่องเสียง\nกล่อมเกลา\nกล่อมเกลี้ยง\nกลัดกลุ้ม\nกลัดมัน\nกลั่นกรอง\nกลั่นแกล้ง\nกลับกลอก\nกลางคน\nกลางคัน\nกลางค่ำ\nกลางคืน\nกลางแจ้ง\nกลางแปลง\nกลางวัน\nกลาดเกลื่อน\nกล่าวขวัญ\nกล่าวโทษ\nกล่าวหา\nกล้ำกราย\nกล้ำกลืน\nกลิ้งกลอก\nกลิ้งเกลือก\nกลิ่นอาย\nกลียุค\nกวดขัน\nกวัดแกว่ง\nกวัดไกว\nกวีนิพนธ์\nก่อกวน\nก่อการ\nก่อตั้ง\nก่อสร้าง\nก่อหวอด\nก้อร่อก้อติก\nกองกลาง\nกองเกิน\nกองโจร\nกองทัพ\nกองทุน\nกองพล\nกองพัน\nกองฟอน\nกองร้อย\nกองหนุน\nกอบโกย\nกะเกณฑ์\nกะบังลม\nกักกัน\nกักขัง\nกักตัว\nกักตุน\nกัณฑ์เทศน์\nกัดฟัน\nกันชน\nกันท่า\nกันสาด\nกันเอง\nกับแกล้ม\nกับข้าว\nกับระเบิด\nกากเพชร\nกากหมู\nกาชาด\nกาญจนาภิเษก\nก้านคอ\nกาฝาก\nก้ามกราม\nกามกิจ\nกามคุณ\nกามเทพ\nกามโรค\nก้ามปู\nกายกรรม\nกายบริหาร\nกายภาพ\nกายวิภาค\nกายสิทธิ์\nก่ายกอง\nการคลัง\nการเงิน\nการบ้าน\nการเปรียญ\nการเมือง\nการเรือน\nการละเล่น\nกาลกิริยา\nกาลเทศะ\nก้าวก่าย\nก้าวร้าว\nก้าวหน้า\nกาสาวพัสตร์\nกาฬพฤกษ์\nกาฬโรค\nกำปั้น\nกำมือ\nกำแพงขาว\nกำลังใจ\nกำลังม้า\nกี่งอำเภอ\nกิจกรรม\nกิจการ\nกิจวัตร\nกิจจะลักษณะ\nกิตติคุณ\nกิตติศัพท์\nกินขาด\nกินใจ\nกินดอง\nกินโต๊ะ\nกินแบ่ง\nกินเปล่า\nกินเลี้ยง\nกินเส้น\nกินแหนง\nกิโลกรัม\nกิโลเมตร\nกิโลลิตร\nกิโลเฮิรตซ์\nกีดกัน\nกีดกั้น\nกีดขวาง\nกึกก้อง\nกึกกัก\nกึกกือ\nกึ่งกลาง\nกุกกัก\nกุ๊กกิ๊ก\nกุ้งฝอย\nกุ้งมังกร\nกุ้งแห้ง\nกุ้งเต้น\nกุ้งยิง\nกุญแจผี\nกุญแจมือ\nกุญแจเลื่อน\nกุญแจเสียง\nกุลธิดา\nกุลบุตร\nกุลสตรี\nกู้ยืม\nเก้งก้าง\nเก็บกวาด\nเก็บเกี่ยว\nเก็บงำ\nเก็บตก\nเกรงกลัว\nเกรงใจ\nเกรงขาม\nเกรียงไกร\nเกรียมกรม\nเกรี้ยวกราด\nเกล็ดเลือด\nเกลี้ยกล่อม\nเกลี้ยงเกลา\nเกลือกกลั้ว\nเกลือกกลิ้ง\nเกลื่อนกล่น\nเกลื่อนกลาด\nเกศธาตุ\nเกษตรกร\nเกษตรกรรม\nเกษตรศาสตร์\nเกษมสันต์\nเกษียรสมุทร\nเก้อเขิน\nเกาะแกะ\nเกี่ยงงอน\nเกียจคร้าน\nเกียรติคุณ\nเกียรตินิยม\nเกียรติประวัติ\nเกียรติภูมิ\nเกียรติยศ\nเกียรติศักดิ์\nเกียรติมุข\nเกี่ยวข้อง\nเกี่ยวดอง\nเกี่ยวพัน\nเกี่ยวโยง\nเกี้ยวพาน\nเกี้ยวพาราสี\nแก่แดด\nแก้ขัด\nแก้ไข\nแก้ตัว\nแก้เผ็ด\nแก้ลำ\nแกงคั่ว\nแกงจืด\nแกงบวด\nแกงป่า\nแกงเผ็ด\nแกงส้ม\nแก่งแย่ง\nแก่นแก้ว\nแก่นสาร\nแก้วตา\nแก้วหู\nแกว่งกวัด\nแกว่งไกว\nแกะรอย\nโก้เก๋\nโกรธเกรี้ยว\nโกรธขึ้ง\nไก่เขี่ย\nไก่ชน\nไก่บ้าน\nไก่ป่า\nไก่ฟ้า\nไกล่เกลี่ย\nขจัดขจาย\nขนเพชร\nขนสัตว์\nขนหนู\nขนส่ง\nขนมจีน\nขบขัน\nขบวนการ\nข่มขี่\nข่มขู่\nข่มขืน\nข่มเหง\nขมหิน\nขมิ้นชัน\nขมุบขมิบ\nขยะแขยง\nขยักขย่อน\nขยักขย้อน\nขยับขยาย\nขยับเขยื้อน\nขวดโหล\nขวยเขิน\nขวัญใจ\nขวัญตา\nขวัญอ่อน\nขวากหนาม\nขวางโลก\nของ้าว\nขอสับ\nขอขมา\nขอทาน\nขอโทษ\nขอร้อง\nขออภัย\nข้อเขียน\nข้อความ\nข้อเท็จจริง\nของกลาง\nของขวัญ\nของแข็ง\nของชำ\nของลับ\nของเล่น\nของว่าง\nของเหลว\nของไหล\nของไหว้\nข้องใจ\nข้องแวะ\nขอบข่าย\nขอบเขต\nขอบคุณ\nขอบใจ\nขอบพระคุณ\nข้อมูล\nข้อแม้\nข้อหา\nข้อสังเกต\nขัดข้อง\nขัดขืน\nขัดเขิน\nขัดจังหวะ\nขัดดอก\nขัดแตะ\nขัดยอก\nขัดแย้ง\nขัดสมาธิ\nขันหมาก\nขันอาสา\nขับขี่\nขับเคี่ยว\nขั้วโลก\nขาจร\nขาประจำ\nข้าราชการ\nข้าศึก\nข้าหลวง\nขาดแคลน\nขาดใจ\nขาดตอน\nขาดตัว\nขาดทุน\nขาดเหลือ\nขายหน้า\nข่าวกรอง\nข่าวคราว\nข่าวล่า\nข่าวลือ\nข่าวสาร\nข้าวเกรียบ\nข้าวแกง\nข้าวของ\nข้าวจี่\nข้าวเจ้า\nข้าวซอย\nข้าวต้ม\nข้าวตอก\nข้าวตัง\nข้าวแตน\nข้าวทิพย์\nข้าวบิณฑ์\nข้าวเปลือก\nข้าวโพด\nข้าวฟ่าง\nข้าวเม่า\nข้าวสวย\nข้าวสาร\nข้าวเหนียว\nข้าวหมาก\nข้าวหลาม\nขี้เกียจ\nขี้ข้า\nขี้ครอก\nขี้คร้าน\nขี้คุก\nขี้ไคล\nขี้เซา\nขีดขั้น\nขีดคร่อม\nขีดคั่น\nขีดฆ่า\nขี้ตา\nขี้ตืด\nขี้เถ้า\nขี้ทูด\nขี้ปะติ๋ว\nขี้ผึ้ง\nขี้มูก\nขี้ยา\nขี้แย\nขี้ริ้ว\nขี้เรื้อน\nขี้เล็บ\nขี้หู\nขี้หน้า\nขี้เหนียว\nขี้เหล็ก\nขี้เหร่\nขึงขัง\nขึงพืด\nขึ้งโกรธ\nขึ้นใจ\nขึ้นชื่อ\nขึ้นมือ\nขืนใจ\nขื่นขม\nขุดคุ้ย\nขุนทอง\nขุนนาง\nขุนพล\nขุนศึก\nขุนหลวง\nขูดรีด\nเข็มกลัด\nเข็มขัด\nเข้มข้น\nเข้มแข็ง\nเข้มงวด\nเข็มทิศ\nเข็มหมุด\nเข้าขา\nเข้าเค้า\nเข้าใจ\nเข้าชื่อ\nเข้าตัว\nเข้าถึง\nเข้าทรง\nเข้าท่า\nเข้าที\nเข้าเนื้อ\nเข้าเล่ม\nเขียวเสวย\nเขียวหวาน\nแขกเต้า\nแข็งกร้าว\nแข็งกล้า\nแข็งแกร่ง\nแข็งข้อ\nแข็งขัน\nแข่งขัน\nแข็งใจ\nแข็งตัว\nแข็งเมือง\nแข็งแรง\nแขวนลอย\nโขกสับ\nโขยกเขยก\nไขข้อ\nไขควง\nไขมัน\nไข่มุก\nไขว่ห้าง\nไขสันหลัง\nไขสือ\nไข่เค็ม\nไข่เยี่ยวม้า\nไข่หงส์\nไข่เหี้ย\nคงกระพัน\nคงตัว\nคงทน\nคงที่\nคชลักษณ์\nคชสาร\nคชสีห์\nคชราช\nคณิตศาสตร์\nคดเคี้ยว\nคติธรรม\nคติพจน์\nคนกลาง\nคนไข้\nคนใช้\nคนทรง\nคบไฟ\nคบเพลิง\nคบค้า\nคบคิด\nคบหา\nคมคาย\nครบครัน\nครบถ้วน\nครอบครอง\nครอบคลุม\nครอบครัว\nครอบงำ\nครอบจักรวาล\nคริสตกาล\nคริสตจักร\nคริสต์มาส\nคริสต์ศตวรรษ\nคริสต์ศักราช\nคริสตัง\nคริสเตียน\nครุกรรม\nครุภัณฑ์\nครุศาสตร์\nครุฑพ่าห์\nครุ่นคิด\nคลอเคลีย\nคล่องแคล่ว\nคล่องตัว\nคล่องมือ\nคลั่งไคล้\nคลาคล่ำ\nคลาไคล\nคลาดเคลื่อน\nคลาดแคล้ว\nคลี่คลาย\nคลึงเคล้น\nคลึงเคล้า\nคลื่นไส้\nคลื่นเหียน\nคลุกคลี\nคลุกคลาน\nคลุมเครือ\nคลุมโปง\nคลุ้มคลั่ง\nควงสว่าน\nควบคุม\nควบคู่\nควบแน่น\nควันหลง\nความคิด\nความหลัง\nความเห็น\nคอหอย\nคอห่าน\nคอแห้ง\nค่อนขอด\nค่อนแคะ\nค้อนควัก\nคั่งค้าง\nคั่งแค้น\nคัดค้าน\nคัดง้าง\nคัดท้าย\nคัดเลือก\nคันจาม\nคันฉ่อง\nคันฉาย\nคันชัก\nคันชั่ง\nคันไถ\nคันนา\nคันเร่ง\nคับขัน\nคับคั่ง\nคับแค้น\nคับแคบ\nคางทูม\nคางหมู\nค้างคืน\nค้างปี\nคาดคั้น\nคาดเชือก\nคาดโทษ\nคาดหมาย\nคานหาม\nคาบเกี่ยว\nคาบศิลา\nคาบสมุทร\nคำขาด\nคำนำ\nคิดค้น\nคืนดี\nคืนตัว\nคุกเข่า\nคุณค่า\nคุณชาย\nคุณธรรม\nคุณนาย\nคุณภาพ\nคุณลักษณะ\nคุณวุฒิ\nคุณศัพท์\nคุณสมบัติ\nคุณหญิง\nคุณากร\nคุณูปการ\nคุโณปการ\nคุมเชิง\nคุ้มกัน\nคุยเขื่อง\nคุยโต\nคุ้ยเขี่ย\nคุ้มครอง\nคู่กรณี\nคู่กัด\nคู่ขา\nคู่แข่ง\nคู่ครอง\nคู่ควร\nคู่คิด\nคู่คี่\nคู่ใจ\nคู่ชีพ\nคู่ชีวิต\nคู่บารมี\nคู่บุญ\nคู่ปรปักษ์\nคู่ปรับ\nคู่ผสม\nคู่มือ\nคู่รัก\nคู่ลำดับ\nคู่สาย\nคู่หมั้น\nคู่หู\nคู่อริ\nคู่อาฆาต\nเคมีภัณฑ์\nเคยตัว\nเคร่งขรึม\nเคร่งครัด\nเคร่งเครียด\nเครดิตฟองซิเอร์\nเครื่องกล\nเครื่องกัณฑ์\nเครื่องแกง\nเครื่องเขิน\nเครื่องครัว\nเครื่องเคียง\nเครื่องเงิน\nเครื่องจักร\nเครื่องเซ่น\nเครื่องดนตรี\nเครื่องต้น\nเครื่องทุ่นแรง\nเครื่องเทศ\nเครื่องใน\nเครื่องบิน\nเครื่องบูชา\nเครื่องแบบ\nเครื่องประดับ\nเครื่องปรุง\nเครื่องปรุงรส\nเครื่องมือ\nเครื่องยนต์\nเครื่องร่อน\nเครื่องราง\nเครื่องเรือน\nเครื่องล่าง\nเครื่องเล่น\nเครื่องสาย\nเครื่องสำอาง\nเครื่องสุกำศพ\nเครื่องหมาย\nเครือรัฐ\nเคลียคลอ\nเคลื่อนที่\nเคลื่อนไหว\nเคลือบแคลง\nเคลือบแฝง\nเคลือบฟัน\nเคว้งคว้าง\nเคหสถาน\nเค้าโครง\nเคียดแค้น\nเคี่ยวเข็ญ\nเคี้ยวเอื้อง\nเคืองขุ่น\nโคนม\nโคบาล\nโคมูตร\nโคมลอย\nโครงการ\nโครงเรื่อง\nโครงงาน\nโครงสร้าง\nโครมคราม\nโคลงเคลง\nฆ้องกระแต\nฆ้องชัย\nฆ้องวง\nฆ้องหุ่ย\nฆ้องเหม่ง\nฆ้องโหม่ง\nฆาตกร\nฆาตกรรม\nฆานประสาท\nงงงวย\nงงงัน\nงดเว้น\nงบดุล\nงบประมาณ\nงมโข่ง\nงมงาย\nง่วงงุน\nง่วงเหงา\nงอหาย\nง้องอน\nงอนง้อ\nงอมแงม\nงาช้าง\nง่าเงย\nงานการ\nง่ายดาย\nงึมงำ\nเงินเดือน\nเงินตรา\nเงินยวง\nเงียบกริบ\nเงียบเชียบ\nเงียบเหงา\nเงื่องหงอย\nเงื่อนไข\nเงื่อนงำ\nเงื่อนเวลา\nเงื้อมมือ\nแง่งอน\nจงใจ\nจงรัก\nจดจ่อ\nจดจำ\nจดหมาย\nจดหมายเหตุ\nจรจัด\nจรรยาบรรณ\nจริงจัง\nจริงใจ\nจอมขวัญ\nจอมใจ\nจอมทัพ\nจอมปลวก\nจอมพล\nจ๊ะเอ๋\nจักสาน\nจักรพรรดิ\nจักรภพ\nจักรยาน\nจักรยานยนต์\nจักรราศี\nจักรวรรดิ\nจักรวรรดินิยม\nจักรวาล\nจังหนับ\nจัดการ\nจัดจ้าน\nจัดเจน\nจัดแจง\nจัดตั้ง\nจัดสรร\nจับกุม\nจับจด\nจับเจ่า\nจ่าหน้า\nจาตุทสี\nจาตุมหาราช\nจาตุมหาราชิก\nจาตุมหาราชิกา\nจาตุรงคสันนิบาต\nจาตุรราชการ\nจานเชิง\nจานบิน\nจานผี\nจานเสียง\nจาบจ้วง\nจำเป็น\nจำพรรษา\nจำวัด\nจ้ำจี้จ้ำไช\nจำเลาะตา\nจิงโจ้น้ำ\nจิตใจ\nจิตตภาวนา\nจิตตัง\nจิตตานุปัสสนา\nจิตนิยม\nจิตบำบัด\nจิตแพทย์\nจิตวิสัย\nจิตรกร\nจิตรกรรม\nจิตรลดา\nจิตวิทยา\nจิตเวช\nจิตเวชศาสตร์\nจินตกวี\nจินตนา\nจินตนาการ\nจินตภาพ\nจุฑามณี\nจุฑามาศ\nจุฑารัตน์\nจุนเจือ\nจุ้นจ้าน\nจุลชีพ\nจุลชีวัน\nจุลชีวิน\nจุลทรรศน์\nจุลภาค\nจุลวรรค\nจุลศักราช\nจุลสาร\nจุลินทรีย์\nจุฬามณี\nจุฬาลักษณ์\nเจตคติ\nเจตจำนง\nเจตนารมณ์\nเจตภูต\nเจริญพร\nเจ้ากรม\nเจ้ากรรม\nเจ้าของ\nเจ้าขา\nเจ้าข้า\nเจ้าคณะ\nเจ้าค่ะ\nเจ้าจอม\nเจ้าชู้\nเจ้าตัว\nเจ้าถิ่น\nเจ้าท่า\nเจ้าที่\nเจ้าทุกข์\nเจ้านาย\nเจ้าเนื้อ\nเจ้าบ้าน\nเจ้าบ่าว\nเจ้าประคุณ\nเจ้าประคู้น\nเจ้าพนักงาน\nเจ้าพระคุณ\nเจ้าพระยา\nเจ้าพ่อ\nเจ้าพายุ\nเจ้าฟ้า\nเจ้าภาพ\nเจ้ามือ\nเจ้าแม่\nเจ้าเรือน\nเจ้าสังกัด\nเจ้าสัว\nเจ้าสาว\nเจ้าหน้าที่\nเจ้าหนี้\nเจ้าอาวาส\nเจาะจง\nเจือจาง\nเจือจาน\nเจือปน\nเจื้อยแจ้ว\nแจกจ่าย\nแจ่มแจ้ง\nแจ่มใส\nโจงกระเบน\nโจมตี\nโจรกรรม\nโจรสลัด\nใจความ\nใจคอ\nฉกฉวย\nฉกชิง\nฉลองได\nฉ้อฉล\nฉัตรมงคล\nฉันทลักษณ์\nฉายาลักษณ์\nฉิบหาย\nฉุกเฉิน\nฉุกละหุก\nฉุนเฉียว\nฉุปศาสตร์\nเฉไฉ\nเฉยเมย\nเฉาโฉด\nเฉิดฉัน\nเฉิดฉาย\nเฉิดฉิน\nเฉียบขาด\nเฉียบพลัน\nเฉียบแหลม\nเฉื่อยชา\nแฉะแบะ\nโฉดเฉา\nโฉมงาม\nโฉมฉาย\nโฉมเฉลา\nโฉมตรู\nโฉมยง\nโฉมศรี\nโฉมหน้า\nชดช้อย\nชดเชย\nชดใช้\nชนบท\nชนินทร์\nชนกกรรม\nชนมพรรษา\nชนมายุ\nชมเชย\nชมพูทวีป\nชมพูนท\nชมพูนุท\nชราธรรม\nชราภาพ\nชลจร\nชลธาร\nชลธี\nชลนัยน์\nชลนา\nชลเนตร\nชลประทาน\nชลมารค\nชลาธาร\nชลาลัย\nชลาศัย\nชลาสินธุ์\nชโลทร\nช่วงชิง\nช่วงใช้\nชวนชม\nชวนหัว\nช่วยเหลือ\nช่อฟ้า\nช่อม่วง\nชอกช้ำ\nช่องเขา\nช่องแคบ\nช่องไฟ\nช่องว่าง\nช้องนาง\nชอบกล\nชอบใจ\nชอบธรรม\nชอบพอ\nชักโครก\nชักเงา\nชักจูง\nชักชวน\nชักนำ\nชักเนื้อ\nชักพระ\nชักเย่อ\nชักใย\nชั่งใจ\nชังฆวิหาร\nชัดเจน\nชั้นเชิง\nชั่วคน\nชั่วคราว\nชั่วช้า\nชั่วโมง\nชั่วแล่น\nชาเย็น\nช้านาน\nช่างเครื่อง\nช่างฝีมือ\nช่างฟิต\nช่างไฟ\nช้างน้ำ\nช้างเผือก\nช้างพลาย\nช้างพัง\nช้างสาร\nช้างสีดอ\nชาติธรรม\nชาตินิยม\nชาติพันธุ์\nชาติพันธุ์วิทยา\nชาติภูมิ\nชานชาลา\nชายชาตรี\nชายคา\nชายฝั่ง\nชายทะเล\nชาวเล\nชาววัง\nช้ำใจ\nช้ำชอก\nชิงชัง\nชิงพลบ\nชินชา\nชินบุตร\nชิ้นเอก\nชิมลาง\nชีเปลือย\nชี้ขาด\nชี้แจง\nชี้นำ\nชี้แนะ\nชี้ฟ้า\nชีพจร\nชีพิตักษัย\nชื่นชม\nชื่นบาน\nชื่นมื่น\nชื่อย่อ\nชื่อรอง\nชื่อเล่น\nชื่อเสียง\nชุกชุม\nชุติมา\nชุบตัว\nชุบเลี้ยง\nชุมชน\nชุมทาง\nชุมสาย\nชุ่มใจ\nชุ่มชื่น\nชุ่มชื้น\nชุมนุมชน\nชูชีพ\nชูโรง\nชู้สาว\nเชยชม\nเชลยศักดิ์\nเชลยศึก\nเช่าซื้อ\nเช้าตรู่\nเช้ามืด\nเชิงกราน\nเชิงกล\nเชิงชั้น\nเชิงชาย\nเชิงซ้อน\nเชิงเดียว\nเชิงเดี่ยว\nเชิงตะกอน\nเชิงเทิน\nเชิงมุม\nเชิดชู\nเชิงอรรถ\nเชี่ยนหมาก\nเชี่ยวชาญ\nเชื่องช้า\nเชื่อใจ\nเชื่อถือ\nเชื่อฟัง\nเชื่อมือ\nเชื้อชาติ\nเชื้อเพลิง\nเชื้อไฟ\nเชื้อโรค\nเชื้อสาย\nเชื้อเชิญ\nเชื่องช้า\nเชือนแช\nเชื่อวัน\nแช่เย็น\nแช่อิ่ม\nแช่มช้อย\nแช่มชื่น\nโชกโชน\nโชติช่วง\nโชติรส\nใช้สอย\nซบเซา\nซมซาน\nซวนเซ\nซอกซอน\nซอกแซก\nซ่องสุม\nซ่องเสพ\nซ่องแซ่ง\nซ่อนรูป\nซ่อนเร้น\nซ่อนหา\nซ่อนกลิ่น\nซ่อนทราย\nซ่อมแซม\nซักค้าน\nซักซ้อม\nซักไซ้\nซักฟอก\nซักแห้ง\nซังกะตาย\nซังตาย\nซัดเซ\nซัดทอด\nซับซ้อน\nซับใน\nซับพระพักตร์\nซากศพ\nซ่านเซ็น\nซ้ำซ้อน\nซ้ำซาก\nซ้ำเติม\nซ้ำร้าย\nซี่โครง\nซีดเซียว\nซึมกะทือ\nซึมซาบ\nซึมเซา\nซึมทราบ\nซึมเศร้า\nซื่อตรง\nซื่อสัตย์\nซื้อขาย\nซุกซน\nซุกซ่อน\nซุบซิบ\nซู่ซ่า\nเซซัง\nเซ่อซ่า\nแซ่ซ้อง\nโซดาไฟ\nญาณทัสนะ\nญาณวิทยา\nญาณศาสตร์\nญาติกา\nฐานราก\nดกดื่น\nดงดิบ\nดลใจ\nดลบันดาล\nดวงแก้ว\nดวงใจ\nดวงเดือน\nดวงตรา\nดวงตา\nดวงสมร\nดอกจัน\nดอกจิก\nดอกบัว\nดอกเบี้ย\nดอกฟ้า\nดอกไม้\nดอกยาง\nดอกเล็บ\nดอกทอง\nดอกสร้อย\nดองยา\nดักคอ\nดักฟัง\nดังนั้น\nดังนี้\nดังหนึ่ง\nดั้งเดิม\nดัดจริต\nดัดแปลง\nดันทุรัง\nดับขันธ์\nดับจิต\nดับชีพ\nด่าทอ\nด่างทับทิม\nด่างพร้อย\nดาดฟ้า\nดาราศาสตร์\nดาลเดือด\nดาวกระจาย\nดาวเคราะห์\nดาวตก\nดาวเทียม\nดาวรุ่ง\nดาวเรือง\nดาวฤกษ์\nดาวหาง\nดาวเหนือ\nดาษดื่น\nดินขาว\nดินดาน\nดินดำ\nดินประสิว\nดินปืน\nดินระเบิด\nดินสอ\nดินสอพอง\nดิ้นรน\nดิบดี\nดีเกลือ\nดีใจ\nดีซ่าน\nดีดัก\nดีเดือด\nดีฝ่อ\nดีดดิ้น\nดึกดำบรรพ์\nดึกดื่น\nดึงดัน\nดึงดูด\nดื่มด่ำ\nดื้อด้าน\nดื้อดึง\nดื้อแพ่ง\nดื้อยา\nดื้อรั้น\nดุดัน\nดุเดือด\nดุร้าย\nดุลการค้า\nดุลพินิจ\nดุลภาค\nดุลยพินิจ\nดุลยภาพ\nดุษฎีนิพนธ์\nดุษฎีบัณฑิต\nดุษณีภาพ\nดูแคลน\nดูถูก\nดูดาย\nดูเบา\nดูแล\nดูหมิ่น\nดูเหมือน\nดูดดื่ม\nเด็ดขาด\nเด็ดดวง\nเด็ดเดี่ยว\nเดนตาย\nเดาสวด\nเดาสุ่ม\nเดินทาง\nเดินสะพัด\nเดินสาย\nเดินเหิน\nเดิมพัน\nเดียงสา\nเดียดฉันท์\nเดียวกัน\nเดียวดาย\nเดี๋ยวเดียว\nเดี๋ยวนี้\nเดือดดาล\nเดือดร้อน\nเดือนมืด\nเดือนหงาย\nแดดาล\nแดดิ้น\nแดกดัน\nโด่เด่\nโด่งดัง\nโดดเดี่ยว\nโดยสาร\nได้การ\nได้แก่\nได้ใจ\nได้ที\nได้ยิน\nได้เสีย\nตกเขียว\nตกค้าง\nตกใจ\nตกต่ำ\nตกแต่ง\nตกทอด\nตกฟาก\nตกมัน\nตกยาก\nตกลง\nตกหล่น\nต้นขั้ว\nต้นคิด\nต้นฉบับ\nต้นตอ\nต้นตำรับ\nต้นทุน\nต้นแบบ\nต้นเพลิง\nต้นมือ\nต้นไม้\nต้นร่าง\nต้นเรื่อง\nต้นสังกัด\nต้นหน\nต้นเหตุ\nตบตา\nตบแต่ง\nตบแผละ\nตบมือ\nต้มข่า\nต้มโคล้ง\nต้มยำ\nต้มส้ม\nตรมตรอม\nตรรกวิทยา\nตรรกศาสตร์\nตรวจการ\nตรวจการณ์\nตรวจตรา\nตระบัดสัตย์\nตรัสรู้\nตราตั้ง\nตราบาป\nตรายาง\nตราสาร\nตริตรอง\nตรีกฏุก\nตรีกาย\nตรีโกณ\nตรีโกณมิติ\nตรีคูณ\nตรีทูต\nตรีปิฎก\nตรีภพ\nตรีมูรติ\nตรึกตรอง\nตรึงตรา\nตรุษจีน\nตฤณชาติ\nตฤณมัย\nตลกบาตร\nตลบตะแลง\nตลบหลัง\nตลาดนัด\nตลาดน้ำ\nตลาดมืด\nตลาดสด\nต่อตี\nต่อเติม\nต่อว่า\nต่อสู้\nต่อกร\nต่อต้าน\nต่อแย้ง\nต้องการ\nต้องโทษ\nต้องหา\nต้อนรับ\nตอบโต้\nตอบแทน\nต่อยหอย\nตะพาบน้ำ\nตักตวง\nตักบาตร\nตั้งเข็ม\nตั้งไข่\nตั้งเค้า\nตั้งแง่\nตั้งใจ\nตั้งต้น\nตั้งแต่\nตั้งท้อง\nตัดขาด\nตัดใจ\nตัดเชือก\nตัดตอน\nตัดทอน\nตัดบท\nตัดพ้อ\nตัดรอน\nตัดสิน\nตับเต่า\nตับแลบ\nตับอ่อน\nตัวกลาง\nตัวการ\nตัวเก็ง\nตัวดี\nตัวตั้ง\nตัวเต็ง\nตัวถัง\nตัวแทน\nตัวประกอบ\nตัวประกัน\nตัวแปร\nตัวผู้\nตัวพิมพ์\nตัวเมีย\nตัวยืน\nตัวเลข\nตัวอย่าง\nตั๋วเงิน\nตั๋วแลกเงิน\nตากล้อง\nตาไก่\nตาข่าย\nตาชั่ง\nตาตุ่ม\nตาทวด\nตาปลา\nตาราง\nต่างหาก\nต้านทาน\nตามใจ\nตายใจ\nตายซาก\nตายด้าน\nตายตัว\nตายทั้งกลม\nตายห่า\nตายโหง\nตาลปัตร\nต่ำช้า\nต่ำต้อย\nตำส้ม\nติเตียน\nติณชาติ\nติดขัด\nติดใจ\nติดต่อ\nติดตั้ง\nติดตาม\nติดตื้น\nติดพัน\nติดลม\nติดอ่าง\nตีเกลียว\nตีขลุม\nตีความ\nตีคู่\nตีจาก\nตีตื้น\nตีแผ่\nตีรวน\nตีลังกา\nตีวง\nตีเสมอ\nตีนกา\nตีนคู้\nตีนจก\nตีนตะขาบ\nตีนผี\nตีนเหยียด\nตึกแถว\nตึกระฟ้า\nตึงเครียด\nตึงตัง\nตื้นตัน\nตื่นตัว\nตื่นตูม\nตื่นเต้น\nตุ๊ต๊ะ\nตุ้บตั้บ\nตุ้มหู\nตุลาการ\nตุลาคม\nตู้นิรภัย\nตูมตาม\nตู้เสบียง\nเตโชธาตุ\nเตร็ดเตร่\nเต้นรำ\nเตาแก๊ส\nเตาผิง\nเตาฟู่\nเตาไฟ\nเตารีด\nเตาสูบ\nเต่าทอง\nเต้ารับ\nเต้าส่วน\nเต้าเสียบ\nเต้าหู้ยี้\nแต่ละ\nแตกคอ\nแตกคอก\nแตกฉาน\nแตกดับ\nแตกตื่น\nแตกพาน\nแตกแยก\nแตกร้าว\nแตกหัก\nแต่งงาน\nแต่งตั้ง\nแต้มคู\nแต้มต่อ\nแตรงอน\nแตรเดี่ยว\nแตรฝรั่ง\nแตรฟันฟาร์\nแตรวง\nโต้ตอบ\nโต้เถียง\nโต้แย้ง\nโต๊ะหมู่\nโต๊ะอิหม่าม\nใต้ถุน\nไต้ก๋ง\nไต่คู้\nไต่เต้า\nไต่ถาม\nไต้ฝุ่น\nไตรจักร\nไตรจีวร\nไตรตรึงษ์\nไตรทวาร\nไตรปิฎก\nไตรเพท\nไตรภพ\nไตรภูมิ\nไตรภาคี\nไตรยางศ์\nไตรรงค์\nไตรรัตน์\nไตรลักษณ์\nไตรโลก\nไตรสรณคมน์\nไตรสิกขา\nไต่สวน\nถกเถียง\nถดถอย\nถนัดถนี่\nถนิมสร้อย\nถมถืด\nถมเถ\nถมไป\nถลากไถล\nถ้วนถี่\nถ้วยฟู\nถ่องแท้\nถอดถอน\nถ้อยคำ\nถ้อยแถลง\nถากถาง\nถ่านไฟฉาย\nถ่านหิน\nถามไถ่\nถ่ายทอด\nถ่ายทุกข์\nถ่ายเท\nถาวรวัตถุ\nถ้ำมอง\nถี่ถ้วน\nถึงใจ\nถูกใจ\nถูกชะตา\nเถรวาท\nเถ้าแก่\nเถ้าแก่เนี้ย\nแถมพก\nแถลงการณ์\nไถ่ถอน\nไถ่ถาม\nทดแทน\nทดรอง\nทดลอง\nทดสอบ\nทนทาน\nทนายความ\nทบทวน\nทแยงมุม\nทรงกลด\nทรงเครื่อง\nทรงเจ้า\nทรัพย์สิน\nทรามชม\nทรามเชย\nทรามวัย\nทรามสงวน\nทรามสวาท\nทรุดโทรม\nทฤษฎีบท\nท้วงติง\nท่วมท้น\nทวาทศ\nทวาทศมาส\nทวาบรยุค\nทวารบาล\nทวิบถ\nทวิบท\nทวิบาท\nทวิภาค\nทวิภาคี\nทวีคูณ\nทศกัณฐ์\nทศชาติ\nทศทิศ\nทศนิยม\nทศพร\nทศพล\nทศพิธราชธรรม\nทศมาส\nทศวรรษ\nท่อไอเสีย\nท้อถอย\nท้อแท้\nทองขาว\nทองคำ\nทองคำขาว\nทองคำเปลว\nทองเค\nทองแดง\nทองบรอนซ์\nทองม้วน\nทองย้อย\nทองสัมฤทธิ์\nทองหยอด\nทองหยิบ\nทองเหลือง\nทองเอก\nท่องเที่ยว\nท้องตรา\nท้องถิ่น\nท้องที่\nท้องน้อย\nท้องร่อง\nท้องเรื่อง\nทอดมัน\nทอดทิ้ง\nทอดน่อง\nทอดยอด\nทอดหุ่ย\nทอยกอง\nทะเบียนบ้าน\nทะเลทราย\nทะเลสาบ\nทะเลหลวง\nทักขิณาวัฏ\nทักท้วง\nทักทาย\nทักษิณาวรรต\nทักษิณาทาน\nทักษิณานุประทาน\nทั้งกลม\nทั้งคน\nทั้งดุ้น\nทั้งที\nทั้งนั้น\nทั้งนี้\nทั้งปวง\nทั้งผอง\nทั้งเพ\nทั้งมวล\nทั้งสิ้น\nทั้งหมด\nทั้งหลาย\nทัณฑ์บน\nทัดทาน\nทัดเทียม\nทันควัน\nทันใจ\nทันใด\nทันตา\nทันสมัย\nทันที\nทับถม\nทับทรวง\nทับศัพท์\nทั่วถึง\nทั่วไป\nท่าทาง\nท่าที\nท้าทาย\nทางการ\nทางข้าม\nทางด่วน\nทางเท้า\nทางโท\nทางใน\nทางผ่าน\nทางม้าลาย\nทางหลวง\nทางออก\nทางเอก\nทานกัณฑ์\nทานตะวัน\nท่านชาย\nทานบารมี\nท่านผู้หญิง\nท่านหญิง\nทาบทาม\nท้ายทอย\nทารุณกรรม\nทำคลอด\nทำใจ\nทำซ้ำ\nทำท่า\nทำที\nทำแท้ง\nทำโทษ\nทำบาป\nทำบุญ\nทำพิษ\nทำฟัน\nทำร้าย\nทำวัตร\nทำสาว\nทำเสน่ห์\nทำหมัน\nทำให้\nทิ้งขว้าง\nทิ้งทวน\nทิ้งท้าย\nทินกร\nทิพจักขุ\nทิพโสต\nทิพยจักษุ\nทิพยญาณ\nทิพยเนตร\nทิพยรส\nทิพากร\nทิ่มตำ\nทิ่มแทง\nทิวากร\nทิวากาล\nทิศทาง\nทีเด็ด\nทีท่า\nทีนี้\nทีหลัง\nทีฆนิกาย\nทีฆสระ\nที่ดิน\nที่นอน\nที่นั่ง\nที่ปรึกษา\nที่พึ่ง\nที่มั่น\nที่ราบ\nที่ว่าการ\nที่สุด\nที่หมาย\nที่ไหน\nทุกที\nทุกเมื่อ\nทุกข์สุข\nทุนทรัพย์\nทุนนิยม\nทุนรอน\nทุนสำรอง\nทุ่มเถียง\nทุ่มเท\nทูนหัว\nทูลกระหม่อม\nเทกระจาด\nเทครัว\nเทพเจ้า\nเทพดา\nเทพธิดา\nเทพนม\nเทพนิยม\nเทพนิยาย\nเทพบุตร\nเทพสังหรณ์\nเทศกาล\nเทศนาโวหาร\nเทศบัญญัติ\nเทศบาล\nเทศมนตรี\nเทห์ฟากฟ้า\nเท่ากับ\nเท่าใด\nเท่าตัว\nเท่าทัน\nเท่าทุน\nเท่าเทียม\nเท่านั้น\nเท่าไร\nเท้าช้าง\nเทิดทูน\nเที่ยงตรง\nเที่ยงแท้\nเที่ยงธรรม\nเทียนชนวน\nเทียนพรรษา\nเทียบเคียง\nเทียบเท่า\nเทือกเขา\nเทือกเถา\nแท็งก์น้ำ\nแท่นพิมพ์\nแท่นมณฑล\nแท่นหมึก\nแทรกซอน\nแทรกซ้อน\nแทรกซึม\nแทรกแซง\nแทะโลม\nไทยดำ\nไทยทาน\nไทยธรรม\nไทยน้อย\nไทยใหญ่\nธงชัย\nธงชาติ\nธงทิว\nธรณีวิทยา\nธรณีสงฆ์\nธรรมกาย\nธรรมการ\nธรรมเกษตร\nธรรมขันธ์\nธรรมคุณ\nธรรมจรรยา\nธรรมจริยา\nธรรมจักร\nธรรมจักษุ\nธรรมจาคะ\nธรรมจารี\nธรรมชาติ\nธรรมดา\nธรรมเนียม\nธรรมราชา\nธรรมศาสตร์\nธรรมสภา\nธรรมสังเวช\nธัญพืช\nธารพระกร\nธีรภาพ\nธีรราช\nนกเขา\nนกต่อ\nนกยูง\nนกรู้\nนกหวีด\nนครบาล\nนครรัฐ\nนงคราญ\nนงนุช\nนงพะงา\nนงเยาว์\nนงราม\nนงลักษณ์\nนบนอบ\nนพเก้า\nนพคุณ\nนพเคราะห์\nนพปฎล\nนพพล\nนพรัตน์\nนพศก\nนพศูล\nนมข้น\nนมผง\nนมไม้\nนมนาน\nนมหนู\nนมแมว\nนรีเวช\nนรีเวชวิทยา\nนวดฟั้น\nนวยนาด\nนวลระหง\nนวลลออ\nนวลละออง\nนวลจันทร์\nนอกครู\nนอกคอก\nนอกจาก\nนอกใจ\nนอกชาน\nนอกรีต\nนอกเหนือ\nนองเนือง\nนองเลือด\nนอนก้น\nนอนใจ\nนอบนบ\nนอนเล่น\nนอบน้อม\nน้อมนำ\nน้อยใจ\nน้อยหน้า\nนักการ\nนักการเมือง\nนักกีฬา\nนักข่าว\nนักท่องเที่ยว\nนักเทศน์\nนักโทษ\nนักธรรม\nนักบวช\nนักบิน\nนักบุญ\nนักปราชญ์\nนักพรต\nนักรบ\nนักเรียน\nนักเลง\nนักวิชาการ\nนักศึกษา\nนักสิทธิ์\nนักสืบ\nนักหนา\nนั่งเทียน\nนั่งร้าน\nนัดแนะ\nนัดหมาย\nนั่นแหละ\nนั่นเอง\nนับถือ\nนับประสา\nนัยน์ตา\nนาดำ\nนาปรัง\nนาปี\nนาสวน\nนาหว่าน\nนาคบาศ\nนาคปรก\nนาคราช\nนางกวัก\nนางกำนัล\nนางงาม\nนางใน\nนางบำเรอ\nนางแบบ\nนางพญา\nนางฟ้า\nนางไม้\nนางโลม\nนางสาว\nนางห้าม\nนางเอก\nนาฏกรรม\nนาฏดนตรี\nนาฏศิลป์\nนานนม\nน่านน้ำ\nน่านฟ้า\nนามกร\nนามธรรม\nนามไธย\nนามบัตร\nนามปากกา\nนามแฝง\nนามสกุล\nนามสงเคราะห์\nนามสมญา\nนายทะเบียน\nนายท่า\nนายท้าย\nนายทุน\nนายประกัน\nนายหน้า\nนายอำเภอ\nนารายณ์หัตถ์\nนารีผล\nนาวิกโยธิน\nนำจับ\nนำพา\nนำทาง\nนำร่อง\nนำสืบ\nนำแสดง\nน้ำกรด\nน้ำกาม\nน้ำเกลือ\nน้ำข้าว\nน้ำแข็ง\nน้ำแข็งไส\nน้ำแข็งแห้ง\nน้ำครำ\nน้ำคร่ำ\nน้ำค้าง\nน้ำค้างแข็ง\nน้ำคาวปลา\nน้ำคำ\nน้ำเค็ม\nน้ำเคย\nน้ำเงิน\nน้ำเงี้ยว\nน้ำจัณฑ์\nน้ำจิ้ม\nน้ำใจ\nน้ำเชื้อ\nน้ำเชื่อม\nน้ำซาวข้าว\nน้ำดอกไม้\nน้ำดี\nน้ำตก\nน้ำตา\nน้ำตาล\nน้ำท่า\nน้ำนม\nน้ำนวล\nน้ำบาดาล\nน้ำประสานทอง\nน้ำประปา\nน้ำปลา\nน้ำป่า\nน้ำผึ้ง\nน้ำพริก\nน้ำพริกเผา\nน้ำพี้\nน้ำพุ\nน้ำมนต์\nน้ำมนตร์\nน้ำมัน\nน้ำมือ\nน้ำมูก\nน้ำเมา\nน้ำย่อย\nน้ำยา\nน้ำรัก\nน้ำแร่\nน้ำลาย\nน้ำเลี้ยง\nน้ำสต๊อก\nน้ำส้ม\nน้ำส้มสายชู\nน้ำสังข์\nน้ำสาบาน\nน้ำเสียง\nน้ำหนวก\nน้ำหนอง\nน้ำหนัก\nน้ำหน้า\nน้ำหนึ่ง\nน้ำหมึก\nน้ำหอม\nน้ำเหลือง\nน้ำอบ\nน้ำอ้อย\nน้ำอัดลม\nนิ่งเฉย\nนิจศีล\nนิดเดียว\nนิดหน่อย\nนิติกร\nนิติกรรม\nนิติธรรม\nนิตินัย\nนิติบัญญัติ\nนิติบุคคล\nนิติภาวะ\nนิติวิทยาศาสตร์\nนิติเวช\nนิติเวชศาสตร์\nนิติศาสตร์\nนิเทศศาสตร์\nนิ่มนวล\nนิรุกติศาสตร์\nนิเวศวิทยา\nนิศากร\nนิศากาล\nนิศาชล\nนิศารัตน์\nนี่แน่ะ\nนี่แหละ\nนี่เอง\nนึกคิด\nนุงถุง\nนุ่งห่ม\nนุ่มนวล\nนุ่มนิ่ม\nเนตรนารี\nเนติบัณฑิต\nเนยเทียม\nเนยใส\nเนิ่นนาน\nเนิบนาบ\nเนื้อความ\nเนื้อคู่\nเนื้อเค็ม\nเนื้องอก\nเนื้อตัว\nเนื้อตาย\nเนื้อที่\nเนื้อแท้\nเนื้อเปื่อย\nเนื้อผ้า\nเนื้อเพลง\nเนื้อไม้\nเนื้อเยื่อ\nเนื้อร้อง\nเนื้อร้าย\nเนื้อเรื่อง\nเนื้อหา\nเนืองนอง\nเนืองนิตย์\nเนืองแน่น\nแน่ใจ\nแน่ชัด\nแน่แท้\nแน่นอน\nแน่นิ่ง\nแน่แน่ว\nแน่นแฟ้น\nแน่นหนา\nแนบเนียน\nแนบแน่น\nแนวคิด\nแนวทาง\nแนวโน้ม\nแนวป่า\nแนวรบ\nแนวร่วม\nแนวหน้า\nแนวหลัง\nแน่วแน่\nแนะนำ\nแนะแนว\nโน้มน้าว\nในหลวง\nบกพร่อง\nบงกช\nบงการ\nบดบัง\nบทกลอน\nบทกวี\nบทความ\nบทคัดย่อ\nบทเฉพาะกาล\nบทนำ\nบทบัญญัติ\nบทบาท\nบทประพันธ์\nบทเพลง\nบทร้อง\nบทเรียน\nบทลงโทษ\nบทสนทนา\nบทอัศจรรย์\nบทจร\nบทบงสุ์\nบทมาลย์\nบทรัช\nบทเรศ\nบทวลัญช์\nบนบาน\nบรมครู\nบรมธาตุ\nบรมบพิตร\nบรมวงศานุวงศ์\nบรมอัฐิ\nบรรณพิภพ\nบรรณศาลา\nบรรณาการ\nบรรณาธิการ\nบรรณานุกรม\nบรรณารักษ์\nบรรณารักษศาสตร์\nบรรดามี\nบรรดาศักดิ์\nบรรทัดฐาน\nบรรพบุรุษ\nบรรลัยกัลป์\nบรรลัยจักร\nบริคณห์สนธิ\nบวงสรวง\nบ่วงบาศ\nบ้วนพระโอษฐ์\nบ่อเกิด\nบอกกล่าว\nบอกบท\nบอกบุญ\nบอกใบ้\nบอกปัด\nบ้องกัญชา\nบ้องตื้น\nบ้องไฟ\nบ้องหู\nบอดสี\nบ่อนทำลาย\nบอบช้ำ\nบอบบาง\nบอบแบบ\nบังโกลน\nบังโคลน\nบังใบ\nบั้งไฟ\nบังคับการ\nบังคับบัญชา\nบัญชาการ\nบัณฑุกัมพล\nบัดดล\nบัดเดี๋ยว\nบัดนั้น\nบัดนี้\nบัดสีบัดเถลิง\nบัตรเครดิต\nบัตรพลี\nบัตรสนเท่ห์\nบัตรสินเชื่อ\nบั่นทอน\nบั้นท้าย\nบั้นปลาย\nบั้นพระองค์\nบั้นเอว\nบันไดลิง\nบันไดเลื่อน\nบันเทิงคดี\nบัวลอย\nบัวบก\nบ้าจี้\nบ้าดีเดือด\nบ้าน้ำลาย\nบ้าบิ่น\nบ้าระห่ำ\nบ้าเลือด\nบ้าหอบฟาง\nบากบั่น\nบากหน้า\nบางตา\nบางเบา\nบางที\nบาดเจ็บ\nบาดแผล\nบาดหมาง\nบาตรใหญ่\nบาทบงกช\nบาทบงสุ์\nบาทบริจาริกา\nบาทวิถี\nบานเกล็ด\nบานตะเกียง\nบานตะไท\nบานเบอะ\nบานปลาย\nบานแผละ\nบานพับ\nบ้านจัดสรร\nบ้านช่อง\nบ้านนอก\nบ้านพัก\nบ้านเมือง\nบ้านรับรอง\nบ้านเรือน\nบาปกรรม\nบายศรี\nบ่ายเบี่ยง\nบ่ายหน้า\nบ่าวไพร่\nบิดเบี้ยว\nบิดเบือน\nบิดพลิ้ว\nบี้แบน\nบีบคั้น\nบีบรัด\nบึ้งตึง\nบึ้งบูด\nบุกบั่น\nบุกเบิก\nบุกรุก\nบุคลิกภาพ\nบุคลิกลักษณะ\nบุญธรรม\nบุญนิธิ\nบุญฤทธิ์\nบุบสลาย\nบุ้ยใบ้\nบุรุษเพศ\nบุหงารำไป\nบู้บี้\nบูชายัญ\nบูดบึ้ง\nบูดเบี้ยว\nเบาความ\nเบาใจ\nเบาบาง\nเบาปัญญา\nเบามือ\nเบาแรง\nเบาสมอง\nเบาหวาน\nเบาโหวง\nเบ้าตา\nเบาะแส\nเบิกความ\nเบิกบาน\nเบี้ยล่าง\nเบี้ยเลี้ยง\nเบี้ยหวัด\nเบี่ยงบ่าย\nเบียดบัง\nเบียดเบียน\nเบียดเสียด\nเบื้องต้น\nเบื้องบน\nเบื้องหน้า\nเบื้องหลัง\nแบกะดิน\nแบเบาะ\nแบ่งเบา\nแบ่งปัน\nแบ่งแยก\nแบบฉบับ\nแบบแปลน\nแบบแผน\nแบบฝึกหัด\nแบบพิมพ์\nแบบสอบถาม\nแบบอย่าง\nแบะแฉะ\nแบะท่า\nโบแดง\nโบราณคดี\nโบราณวัตถุ\nโบราณสถาน\nใบขับขี่\nใบจอง\nใบตอง\nใบแทรก\nใบบอก\nใบบุญ\nใบเบิกทาง\nใบปลิว\nใบพัด\nใบโพ\nใบไม้\nใบระกา\nใบรับรอง\nใบลา\nใบเลี้ยง\nใบสั่ง\nใบสำคัญ\nใบสุทธิ\nใบเสร็จ\nใบหน้า\nใบอนุญาต\nใบระกา\nปกครอง\nปกคลุม\nปกป้อง\nปกปิด\nปฏิบัติการ\nปฏิบัติบูชา\nปฐพีวิทยา\nปฐมฌาน\nปฐมทัศน์\nปฐมเทศนา\nปฐมนิเทศ\nปฐมพยาบาล\nปฐมยาม\nปฐมฤกษ์\nปฐมวัย\nปฐมสมโพธิ\nปนเป\nป่นปี้\nปมเขื่อง\nปมเด่น\nปมด้อย\nปรนเปรอ\nปรบไก่\nปรบมือ\nปรสิตวิทยา\nประโปรย\nประพรม\nประกันชีวิต\nประกันภัย\nประจักษ์พยาน\nประจัญบาน\nประจันหน้า\nประจำการ\nประจำเดือน\nประจำเมือง\nประจำยาม\nประชดประชัน\nประชากร\nประชากรศาสตร์\nประชาคม\nประชาชน\nประชาราษฎร์\nประชาชาติ\nประชาชี\nประชาทัณฑ์\nประชาบาล\nประชาพิจารณ์\nประชาภิบาล\nประชามติ\nประชาสงเคราะห์\nประชาสัมพันธ์\nประดับประดา\nประดามี\nประดาน้ำ\nประเดี๋ยวเดียว\nประเดี๋ยวนี้\nประทับใจ\nประทุษร้าย\nประเทศราช\nประพาสต้น\nประเพณีนิยม\nประลัยกัลป์\nประวัติการณ์\nประวัติศาสตร์\nประสบการณ์\nประสบการณ์นิยม\nประสาทการ\nประสูติการ\nประสูติกาล\nประเส\nปรับทุกข์\nปรับโทษ\nปรับปรุง\nปรากฏการณ์\nปราดเปรียว\nปราดเปรื่อง\nปราบปราม\nปริญญาบัตร\nปรัยัติธรรม\nปรุโปร่ง\nปลงใจ\nปลงตก\nปลดทุกข์\nปลดปลง\nปลดปล่อย\nปลดเปลื้อง\nปลดระวาง\nปลดแอก\nปล้นสะดม\nปลอกกระสุน\nปลอกคอ\nปลอดโปร่ง\nปลอดภัย\nปลอมปน\nปลอมแปลง\nปลอบโยน\nปล่อยใจ\nปล่อยตัว\nปล่อยปละ\nปลั๊กไฟ\nปลากริม\nปลาเค็ม\nปลาจ่อม\nปลาเจ่า\nปลาแดก\nปลาตู้\nปลาทอง\nปลาร้า\nปลาส้ม\nปลาดาว\nปลาบิน\nปลาฝา\nปลาวาฬ\nปลาหมึก\nปลาบปลื้ม\nปลายข้าว\nปลายแถว\nปลายทาง\nปลิ้นปลอก\nปลิ้นปล้อน\nปลีกตัว\nปลีกย่อย\nปลุกใจ\nปลุกปล้ำ\nปลุกปั่น\nปลุกระดม\nปลุกเสก\nปลูกฝัง\nปลูกสร้าง\nปวดถ่วง\nปวดมวน\nปวดร้าว\nป่วนปั่น\nป่วยการ\nปอกลอก\nป้องกัน\nปักใจ\nปักดำ\nปักหลัก\nปัจเจกบุคคล\nปัจเจกพุทธะ\nปัจเจกโพธิ\nปัจฉิมชน\nปัจฉิมทิศ\nปัจฉิมภาค\nปัจฉิมยาม\nปัจฉิมลิขิต\nปัจฉิมวัย\nปัจฉิมวาจา\nปัญญาชน\nปัญญาวิมุติ\nปัญญาอ่อน\nปัดเป่า\nปันส่วน\nปั่นป่วน\nปั่นแปะ\nปั่นหัว\nปั้นจิ้ม\nปั้นเจ๋อ\nปั้นปึ่ง\nปั้นสิบ\nปั๊มน้ำมัน\nป่าช้า\nป่าชายเลน\nป่าดง\nป่าดงดิบ\nป่าดิบ\nป่าเถื่อน\nป่าเบญจพรรณ\nป่าละเมาะ\nปากกา\nปากขอ\nปากแข็ง\nปากคอ\nปากคำ\nปากคีบ\nปากจัด\nปากน้ำ\nปากเปล่า\nปากเสียง\nปานกลาง\nป่านนี้\nป้านลม\nป้ายสี\nป่าวร้อง\nปิดฉาก\nปิดบัง\nปิตุฆาต\nปิตุภูมิ\nปีมะโว้\nปีแสง\nปี่กลาง\nปี่ไฉน\nปี่ชวา\nปี่นอก\nปี่ใน\nปี่พาทย์\nปี่อ้อ\nปีกกา\nปีนเกลียว\nปีนป่าย\nปึกแผ่น\nปึงปัง\nปืนกล\nปืนครก\nปืนพก\nปืนยา\nปืนยาว\nปืนลม\nปืนเล็ก\nปืนเล็กยาว\nปืนสั้น\nปืนใหญ่\nปุบปับ\nปุ๊บปั๊บ\nปุ่มเปือก\nปุยฝ้าย\nปุ๋ยคอก\nปุ๋ยเคมี\nปุ๋ยวิทยาศาสตร์\nปุ๋ยหมัก\nปุ๋ยอินทรีย์\nปูจ๋า\nปูเสฉวน\nปู่เจ้า\nปู่ทวด\nปูนขาว\nปูนซีเมนต์\nปูนดิบ\nปูนแดง\nปูนปลาสเตอร์\nปูนปั้น\nเป็ดเทศ\nเป็ดน้ำ\nเป็นกลาง\nเป็นใจ\nเป็นต้น\nเป็นต่อ\nเป็นรอง\nเป็นไร\nเป็นลม\nเป็นห่วง\nเป็นอยู่\nเปรมปรีดิ์\nเปรอะเปื้อน\nเปรียบเทียบ\nเปรียบเปรย\nเปรี้ยวปาก\nเปรี้ยวหวาน\nเปรื่องปราด\nเปลญวน\nเปล่งปลั่ง\nเปล่าดาย\nเปล่าเปลี่ยว\nเปลี่ยนใจ\nเปลี่ยนตัว\nเปลี่ยนแปลง\nเปลี่ยนมือ\nเปลี่ยนหน้า\nเป๋อเหลอ\nเปะปะ\nเป่ากบ\nเป้านิ่ง\nเป้าหมาย\nเปิดฉาก\nเปิดเปิง\nเปิดโปง\nเปิดผนึก\nเปิดเผย\nเปียกปูน\nแป้งสาลี\nแป้งนวล\nแป้งเปียก\nแป้งมัน\nแป้งฝุ่น\nแป้งร่ำ\nแป้งสิงคโปร์\nแป้งหมี่\nแปดปน\nแปดเปื้อน\nแปรปรวน\nแปรผัน\nแปรพักตร์\nแปรรูป\nแปรอักษร\nแปลกปลอม\nแปะโป้ง\nโป้ปด\nโปร่งแสง\nโปร่งใส\nโปรดปราน\nโปรยทาน\nโปรยปราย\nโปโลน้ำ\nผกผัน\nผกากรอง\nผงขาว\nผงชูรส\nผงซักฟอก\nผงฟู\nผดุงครรภ์\nผมไฟ\nผลพลอยได้\nผลลัพธ์\nผลัดเปลี่ยน\nผลิตผล\nผลิตภัณฑ์\nผลุบโผล่\nผสมเทียม\nผสมผสาน\nผสมผเส\nผสมพันธุ์\nผสมโรง\nผสมเสร็จ\nผ่องแผ้ว\nผ่องใส\nผ่อนคลาย\nผ่อนชำระ\nผ่อนปรน\nผ่อนผัน\nผ่อนส่ง\nผอมโซ\nผอมแห้ง\nผักชี\nผักตบชวา\nผักบุ้ง\nผังเมือง\nผัดผ่อน\nผันแปร\nผันผวน\nผ่าตัด\nผ่าเผย\nผ่าหมาก\nผ่าเหล่า\nผ้าขนหนู\nผ้าขาวม้า\nผ้าขี้ริ้ว\nผ้าเช็ดตัว\nผ้าเช็ดปาก\nผ้าเช็ดมือ\nผ้าเช็ดหน้า\nผ้าดิบ\nผ้าต่วน\nผ้าไตร\nผ้าถุง\nผ้าแถบ\nผ้านวม\nผ้านุ่ง\nผ้าใบ\nผ้าป่า\nผ้าป่าน\nผ้าผ่อน\nผ้าพันคอ\nผ้าพันแผล\nผ้าแพร\nผ้าโพกหัว\nผ้ามัดหมี่\nผ้ายาง\nผ้าลูกไม้\nผ้าเหลือง\nผ้าอนามัย\nผ้าอ้อม\nผาดโผน\nผาติกรรม\nผิดหวัง\nผิวเผิน\nผิวพรรณ\nผิวหนัง\nผีกระสือ\nผีกระหัง\nผีกองกอย\nผีโขมด\nผีดิบ\nผีตองเหลือง\nผีถ้วยแก้ว\nผีแถน\nผีทะเล\nผีบุญ\nผีปอบ\nผีพุ่งไต้\nผีฟ้า\nผีเรือน\nผีสาง\nผีเสื้อ\nผีห่า\nผึ่งผาย\nผุดผ่อง\nผุดผาด\nผู้คน\nผู้คุม\nผู้จัดการ\nผู้ชาย\nผู้เชี่ยวชาญ\nผู้ดี\nผู้โดยสาร\nผู้ต้องขัง\nผู้ต้องหา\nผู้แทน\nผู้น้อย\nผู้บริโภค\nผู้บังคับบัญชา\nผู้ปกครอง\nผู้ประกอบการ\nผู้ป่วย\nผู้พิพากษา\nผู้เยาว์\nผู้ร้าย\nผู้วิเศษ\nผู้สื่อข่าว\nผู้เสียหาย\nผู้หญิง\nผู้ใหญ่\nผู้ใหญ่บ้าน\nผูกขวัญ\nผูกขาด\nผูกพัน\nผูกมัด\nเผชิญหน้า\nเผด็จการ\nเผด็จศึก\nเผยแผ่\nเผยแพร่\nเผละผละ\nเผ่าพันธุ์\nเผื่อแผ่\nแผงลอย\nแผนการ\nแผนงาน\nแผนที่\nแผนผัง\nแผนภาพ\nแผนภูมิ\nแผ่นดิน\nแผ่นเสียง\nแผ้วพาน\nโผงผาง\nฝนทอง\nฝอยทอง\nฝักแค\nฝักบัว\nฝักฝ่าย\nฝักใฝ่\nฝังใจ\nฝังหัว\nฝาชี\nฝาแฝด\nฝาละมี\nฝ่าพระบาท\nฝ่าฝืน\nฝ่าฟัน\nฝ้าฟาง\nฝากตัว\nฝากฝัง\nฝีดาษ\nฝีมะม่วง\nฝีจักร\nฝีเท้า\nฝีปาก\nฝีพาย\nฝีมือ\nฝีเย็บ\nฝึกงาน\nฝึกปรือ\nฝึกฝน\nฝึกสอน\nฝึกหัด\nฝืดเคือง\nใฝ่ฝัน\nพงพี\nพงศ์พันธุ์\nพญาโศก\nพญาไฟ\nพบปะ\nพบพาน\nพรสวรรค์\nพรมคด\nพรมแดน\nพรมมิ\nพรรคพวก\nพรรณราย\nพรวดพราด\nพรหมชาติ\nพรหมลิขิต\nพรหมโลก\nพรหมวิหาร\nพร้อมใจ\nพร้อมพรั่ง\nพร้อมเพรียง\nพร้อมมูล\nพร้อมสรรพ\nพร้อมหน้า\nพระครู\nพระคุณ\nพระเคราะห์\nพระเครื่อง\nพระเจ้า\nพระเจ้าอยู่หัว\nพระชายา\nพระทัย\nพระนาง\nพระนางเจ้า\nพระเป็นเจ้า\nพระผู้เป็นเจ้า\nพระพิมพ์\nพระพุทธเจ้า\nพระพุทธองค์\nพระภูมิ\nพระยา\nพระรอง\nพระสนม\nพระสนมเอก\nพระองค์\nพระองค์เจ้า\nพระเอก\nพรั่งพร้อม\nพรั่งพรู\nพรั่นพรึง\nพร่างพราว\nพรายน้ำ\nพรายแพรว\nพราวแพรว\nพร่ำพลอด\nพร่ำเพรื่อ\nพร่ำเพ้อ\nพริกไทย\nพริ้งพราย\nพริ้งเพรา\nพริ้งเพริศ\nพริบตา\nพริ้มพราย\nพริ้มเพรา\nพรุ่งนี้\nพฤติกรรม\nพฤติการณ์\nพฤตินัย\nพลการ\nพลขับ\nพลความ\nพลเมือง\nพลรบ\nพลร่ม\nพลเรือน\nพลโลก\nพลศึกษา\nพลบค่ำ\nพลอดรัก\nพลังงาน\nพลังเงียบ\nพลังจิต\nพลั้งปาก\nพลั้งเผลอ\nพลั้งพลาด\nพลัดถิ่น\nพลัดพราก\nพลาดท่า\nพลาดพลั้ง\nพลิกแพลง\nพลีกรรม\nพลุ่งพล่าน\nพวกพ้อง\nพวงมาลัย\nพวงมาลา\nพวงหรีด\nพวงคราม\nพวงชมพู\nพวงแสด\nพ่วงพี\nพวยน้ำ\nพวยพุ่ง\nพสกนิกร\nพหุคูณ\nพหุภาคี\nพหูพจน์\nพหูสูต\nพอควร\nพอใจ\nพอใช้\nพอใช้ได้\nพอดี\nพอตัว\nพอทำเนา\nพอประมาณ\nพอเพียง\nพอแรง\nพอสมควร\nพอเหมาะ\nพ่อขุน\nพ่อครัว\nพ่อตา\nพ่อบ้าน\nพ่อพันธุ์\nพ่อม่าย\nพ่อเมือง\nพ่อเลี้ยง\nพ่อสื่อ\nพอกพูน\nพ้องพาน\nพักผ่อน\nพักพิง\nพักฟื้น\nพักร้อน\nพักแรม\nพัดยศ\nพัดลม\nพันพัว\nพับฐาน\nพับเพียบ\nพัวพัน\nพาซื่อ\nพาดพิง\nพิณพาทย์\nพิธีกร\nพิธีกรรม\nพิธีการ\nพิธีรีตอง\nพิธีสาร\nพินัยกรรม\nพิมพ์เขียว\nพิมพ์ใจ\nพิมพ์ดีด\nพิษสง\nพี่น้อง\nพี่เบิ้ม\nพี่เลี้ยง\nพึงใจ\nพึงพอใจ\nพึ่งพา\nพึ่งพิง\nพืชพันธุ์\nพืชมงคล\nพื้นฐาน\nพื้นที่\nพื้นบ้าน\nพื้นเพ\nพื้นเมือง\nพื้นเสีย\nพุพอง\nพุทธกาล\nพุทธคุณ\nพุทธจักร\nพุทธเจดีย์\nพุทธฎีกา\nพุทธปฏิมา\nพุทธปฏิมากร\nพุทธมามกะ\nพุทธศักราช\nพุทธศาสนิกชน\nพุทธองค์\nพุทธชาด\nพุทธรักษา\nพุ่มพวง\nพุ่มไม้\nพู่กัน\nพูดจา\nเพ่งเล็ง\nเพดานบิน\nเพดานปาก\nเพริศพราย\nเพริศพริ้ง\nเพริศแพร้ว\nเพรียกพร้อง\nเพรียวลม\nเพลงเชิด\nเพลงยาว\nเพลิงกัลป์\nเพลินใจ\nเพลินตา\nเพลี่ยงพล้ำ\nเพ้อฝัน\nเพาะกาย\nเพาะชำ\nเพาะปลูก\nเพิกถอน\nเพิกเฉย\nเพิ่มเติม\nเพิ่มพูน\nเพียงตา\nเพียงพอ\nเพียบแประ\nเพียบพร้อม\nเพื่อนเกลอ\nเพื่อนตาย\nเพื่อนบ้าน\nเพื่อนฝูง\nเพื่อนยาก\nแพ้ท้อง\nแพร่หลาย\nแพร่งพราย\nแพรวพราว\nโพธิญาณ\nโพธิบัลลังก์\nโพธิสมภาร\nโพธิสัตว์\nโพ้นทะเล\nโพยภัย\nไพ่ตาย\nไพ่ป๊อก\nไพรวัน\nไพรสณฑ์\nไพรสัณฑ์\nไพร่พล\nไพร่ฟ้า\nไพร่สม\nไพร่ส่วย\nไพร่หลวง\nฟกช้ำ\nฟองเต้าหู้\nฟองน้ำ\nฟองมัน\nฟ้องกลับ\nฟ้องร้อง\nฟอนเฟะ\nฟักทอง\nฟัดเฟียด\nฟันดาบ\nฟันฝ่า\nฟันแท้\nฟันน้ำนม\nฟันปลา\nฟันฟาง\nฟันเฟือง\nฟันม้า\nฟันเลื่อย\nฟันหนู\nฟั่นเฝือ\nฟั่นเฟือน\nฟื้นตัว\nฟื้นฝอย\nฟื้นฟู\nฟุ้งซ่าน\nฟุ้งเฟ้อ\nฟุ้งเฟื่อง\nฟุตบอล\nฟูฟ่อง\nฟูเฟื่อง\nฟูมฟัก\nฟูมฟาย\nเฟะฟะ\nเฟื่องฟ้า\nเฟื่องฟุ้ง\nเฟื่องฟู\nไฟฉาย\nไฟแช็ก\nไฟธาตุ\nไฟฟ้า\nภัตกิจ\nภาคทัณฑ์\nภาคพื้น\nภาคเรียน\nภาคภูมิ\nภาพถ่าย\nภาพนิ่ง\nภาพประกอบ\nภาพพจน์\nภาพยนตร์\nภาพลวงตา\nภาพลักษณ์\nภายนอก\nภายใน\nภายหน้า\nภายหลัง\nภารกิจ\nภารธุระ\nภารโรง\nภารตวิทยา\nภาษาศาสตร์\nภาสกร\nภิญโญภาพ\nภินชาติ\nภูธร\nภูธเรศ\nภูบาล\nภูเบศ\nภูเบศวร์\nภูเขา\nภูเขาไฟ\nภูผา\nภูตคาม\nภูตบดี\nภูตรูป\nภูเตศวร\nภูมินทร์\nภูมิบาล\nภูมิประเทศ\nภูมิภาค\nภูมิรัฐศาสตร์\nภูมิลำเนา\nภูมิศาสตร์\nภูมิอากาศ\nภูมิธรรม\nภูมิปัญญา\nภูมิรู้\nภูมิใจ\nภูมิฐาน\nภูมิคุ้มกัน\nภูมิแพ้\nภูษาโยง\nเภทภัย\nเภสัชกร\nเภสัชกรรม\nเภสัชวิทยา\nเภสัชศาสตร์\nโภคทรัพย์\nโภคภัณฑ์\nโภชนากร\nโภชนาการ\nมกุฎราชกุมาร\nมงคลแฝด\nมงคลสูตร\nมงคลหัตถี\nมณเฑียรบาล\nมดดำ\nมดแดง\nมดเท็จ\nมดยอบ\nมดลูก\nมธุปายาส\nมธุรส\nมนเทียรบาล\nมนุษย์กบ\nมโนกรรม\nมโนคติ\nมโนทุจริต\nมโนธรรม\nมโนภาพ\nมโนมัย\nมโนรถ\nมโนรมย์\nมโนสุจริต\nมรรคนายก\nมรรคผล\nมฤคชาติ\nมฤคทายวัน\nมฤคราช\nมลทิน\nมลพิษ\nมลสาร\nมวกเหล็ก\nม้วนหน้า\nมวยไทย\nมวยปล้ำ\nมวยล้ม\nมวยวัด\nมวยสากล\nมวยหมู่\nมวลสาร\nมอคราม\nมอซอ\nมอหมึก\nมองเมียง\nมอบตัว\nมอบหมาย\nมอมเมา\nมะขามเทศ\nมะขามป้อม\nมะขามเปียก\nมะเขือเทศ\nมะเขือพวง\nมะพร้าวแก้ว\nมักคุ้น\nมักจี่\nมักง่าย\nมักน้อย\nมักมาก\nมักใหญ่\nมั่งคั่ง\nมั่งมี\nมัจจุราช\nมัชฌิมนิกาย\nมัชฌิมประเทศ\nมัชฌิมยาม\nมัชฌิมวัย\nมัดจำ\nมัดหมี่\nมัธยมกาล\nมัธยมศึกษา\nมันแกว\nมันเทศ\nมันฝรั่ง\nมันเปลว\nมันสมอง\nมั่นคง\nมั่นใจ\nมั่นหมาย\nมั่นเหมาะ\nมัวเมา\nมัวหมอง\nมั่วสุม\nม้าเทศ\nม้าน้ำ\nม้ามืด\nม้าเร็ว\nม้าล่อ\nม้าลาย\nมากมาย\nมาตรการ\nมาตรฐาน\nมาตราส่วน\nมาตุคาม\nมาตุฆาต\nมาตุภูมิ\nม่านตา\nม่านบังตา\nมายากร\nมายากล\nมายาการ\nมายาวี\nมารผจญ\nมารวิชัย\nมารสังคม\nมารหัวขน\nมาลาการ\nมิ่งขวัญ\nมิ่งมิตร\nมิจฉาจาร\nมิจฉาชีพ\nมิดชิด\nมิดเมี้ยน\nมิดหมี\nมิตรจิต\nมิตรภาพ\nมิตรสหาย\nมิน่า\nมีหน้า\nมีดโกน\nมีดดาบ\nมีดโต้\nมีดพก\nมีดพับ\nมีดสั้น\nมึนงง\nมึนชา\nมึนตึง\nมึนเมา\nมืดครึ้ม\nมืดมน\nมืดมัว\nมือจับ\nมือดี\nมือเติบ\nมือปืน\nมือเปล่า\nมือมืด\nมือสอง\nมือเสือ\nมือหนึ่ง\nมือใหม่\nมุกตลก\nมุขปาฐะ\nมุขมนตรี\nมุ่งมั่น\nมุ่งมาด\nมุ่งหน้า\nมุ่งหมาย\nมุ่งหวัง\nมุ้งลวด\nมุ้งสายบัว\nมุมก้ม\nมุมกลับ\nมุมเงย\nมุมฉาก\nมุมตรง\nมุมป้าน\nมุมมืด\nมุมแย้ง\nมุมสะท้อน\nมุมหักเห\nมุมแหลม\nมุสาวาท\nมูกเลือด\nมูกมัน\nมูกหลวง\nมูนดิน\nมูลฐาน\nมูลนาย\nมูลนิธิ\nมูลเหตุ\nมูลค่า\nมูลฝอย\nเม็ดเงิน\nเม็ดเลือด\nเม็ดโลหิต\nเม่นทะเล\nเมรุมาศ\nเมรุราช\nเมล์อากาศ\nเมาดิบ\nเมามัน\nเมามัว\nเมามาย\nเมินเฉย\nเมียน้อย\nเมียหลวง\nเมียงมอง\nเมี่ยงลาว\nเมี่ยงส้ม\nเมื่อกี้\nเมื่อตะกี้\nเมื่อใด\nเมื่อไร\nเมื่อไหร่\nเมื่อนั้น\nเมืองขึ้น\nเมืองท่า\nเมืองนอก\nเมืองหลวง\nเมื่อยขบ\nเมื่อยล้า\nแม่กอง\nแม่กุญแจ\nแม่คุณ\nแม่งาน\nแม่เจ้า\nแม่ชี\nแม่ทัพ\nแม่นม\nแม่น้ำ\nแม่บท\nแม่บ้าน\nแม่เบี้ย\nแม่พระ\nแม่พิมพ์\nแม่เพลง\nแม่มด\nแม่ม่าย\nแม่ไม้\nแม่ยก\nแม่ยาย\nแม่ร้าง\nแม่เรือน\nแม่แรง\nแม่เล้า\nแม่เลี้ยง\nแม่สี\nแม่สื่อ\nแม่เหล็ก\nแมงมุม\nแม่นยำ\nแมลงช้าง\nแมลงวัน\nแมลงปอ\nแมลงภู่\nแมลงเม่า\nแมวเซา\nแมวน้ำ\nแมวป่า\nแมวมอง\nไม้กลัด\nไม้กวาด\nไม้กางเขน\nไม้เกาหลัง\nไม้ขีดไฟ\nไม้จิ้มฟัน\nไม้เด็ด\nไม้ตาย\nไม้ตีพริก\nไม้ที\nไม้เท้า\nไม้บรรทัด\nไม้เมตร\nไม้ระแนง\nไม้เรียว\nไม้หมอน\nไม้อัด\nไม้จัตวา\nไม้ตรี\nไม้ไต่คู้\nไม้โท\nไม้ผัด\nไม้มลาย\nไม้ม้วน\nไม้ยมก\nไม้หน้า\nไม้หันอากาศ\nไม้เอก\nยกกลีบ\nยกครู\nยกเครื่อง\nยกเค้า\nยกทรง\nยกฟ้อง\nยกเมฆ\nยกยอ\nยกย่อง\nยกเลิก\nยกเว้น\nย่นย่อ\nยมทูต\nยมบาล\nยมราช\nยมโลก\nยวดยิ่ง\nยวดยาน\nยวนยี\nยวบยาบ\nย่อท้อ\nย่อส่วน\nย่อหน้า\nย่อหย่อน\nยอกย้อน\nยองใย\nย่องเบา\nย่องแย่ง\nยอดเยี่ยม\nยอดอก\nย้อนยอก\nย้อนรอย\nย้อนศร\nย้อนแสง\nย้อนหลัง\nยอบแยบ\nยอมความ\nย่อมเยา\nย่อยยับ\nยักยอก\nยักย้าย\nยักเยื้อง\nยัญกรรม\nยัญพิธี\nยัดเยียด\nยับเยิน\nยับยั้ง\nยั่วยวน\nยั่วยุ\nยั่วเย้า\nยากวาด\nยากันยุง\nยาเขียว\nยาใจ\nยาฉุน\nยาชา\nยาซัด\nยาดอง\nยาแดง\nยาถ่าย\nยาธาตุ\nยานัตถุ์\nยาเบื่อ\nยาโป๊\nยาแฝด\nยาพิษ\nยาระบาย\nยาสลบ\nยาสั่ง\nยาสีฟัน\nยาสูบ\nยาเส้น\nยาเสพติด\nยาหม่อง\nยาเหลือง\nย่าทวด\nย่านาง\nยากแค้น\nยากจน\nยากเย็น\nยากไร้\nยางนอก\nยางใน\nยางมะตอย\nยางมะตูม\nยางลบ\nยางสน\nยางอาย\nย่างกราย\nย่างเยื้อง\nย่างสด\nย่างสามขุม\nย่างเหยียบ\nยานเกราะ\nยานพาหนะ\nยานอวกาศ\nยานคาง\nยายทวด\nยาวเฟื้อย\nยาวยืด\nยาวเหยียด\nยำทวาย\nยำใหญ่\nยำเกรง\nยำเยง\nย่ำต๊อก\nย่ำยี\nย่ำแย่\nยิงเป้า\nยิ่งนัก\nยิ่งยวด\nยิ่งใหญ่\nยินดี\nยินยอม\nยินร้าย\nยิ้มกริ่ม\nยิ้มแฉ่ง\nยิ้มแต้\nยิ้มแป้น\nยิ้มเผล่\nยิ้มเยาะ\nยิ้มแย้ม\nยียวน\nยึดครอง\nยึดถือ\nยึดมั่น\nยึดเหนี่ยว\nยืดยาด\nยืดยาว\nยืดเยื้อ\nยืดหยุ่น\nยืดอก\nยืนกราน\nยืนต้น\nยืนพื้น\nยืนยง\nยืนยัน\nยืนหยัด\nยื้อยุด\nยุยง\nยุแยง\nยุแหย่\nยุคลบาท\nยุคเข็ญ\nยุคทอง\nยุคมืด\nยุ่งขิง\nยุ่งยาก\nยุ่งเหยิง\nยุติธรรม\nยุทธการ\nยุทธนาวี\nยุทธปัจจัย\nยุทธภัณฑ์\nยุทธภูมิ\nยุทธวิธี\nยุทธศาสตร์\nยุทธหัตถี\nยุทธนาการ\nยุทธนาธิการ\nยุบยับ\nยุบยิบ\nยุพราช\nยู่ยี่\nเย็นเจี๊ยบ\nเย็นใจ\nเย็นฉ่ำ\nเย็นเฉียบ\nเย็นชา\nเย็นชืด\nเย็นตา\nเย็นเยียบ\nเย็นเยือก\nเย็นวาบ\nเย็นวูบ\nเย็บกี่\nเย็บจักร\nเย็บด้าย\nเย้ยหยัน\nเย้าหยอก\nเยาะเย้ย\nเยี่ยมกราย\nเยี่ยมเยียน\nเยี่ยมเยือน\nเยี่ยมยอด\nเยื่อเคย\nเยื่อใย\nเยือกเย็น\nเยื้องกราย\nเยื้องยัก\nเยื้องย่าง\nแยกย้าย\nแยกแยะ\nแย่งชิง\nแยบคาย\nแยบยล\nแย้มพราย\nแย้มยิ้ม\nแย้มสรวล\nโยเย\nโย้เย้\nโยกโคลง\nโยกย้าย\nโยกโย้\nโยนกลอง\nใยหิน\nรกชัฏ\nรกร้าง\nรกเรี้ยว\nรกเรื้อ\nรกราก\nรงควัตถุ\nรชนีกร\nรถกระบะ\nรถเก๋ง\nรถเข็น\nรถแข่ง\nรถจักร\nรถจี๊ป\nรถตู้\nรถทัวร์\nรถบรรทุก\nรถพ่วง\nรถพยาบาล\nรถไฟ\nรถไฟฟ้า\nรถม้า\nรถเมล์\nรถยนต์\nรถราง\nรถลาก\nรถสปอร์ต\nรถสิบล้อ\nรบกวน\nรบรา\nรบเร้า\nรมดำ\nร่มเกล้า\nร่มชูชีพ\nร่มเย็น\nร่มรื่น\nร่วงโรย\nรวงผึ้ง\nรวงรัง\nรวดเร็ว\nรวนเร\nรวบยอด\nรวบรวม\nรวบรัด\nรวมพล\nรวมหัว\nร่วมใจ\nร่วมเพศ\nร่วมมือ\nร่วมรัก\nร่วมสมัย\nรวยริน\nรวยรื่น\nรสชาติ\nรสนิยม\nรองท้อง\nรองเท้า\nรองพื้น\nร่องน้ำ\nร่องรอย\nร้องขอ\nร้องทุกข์\nร้องเรียน\nร้องห่ม\nร้องไห้\nรองช้ำ\nรองทรง\nรอดชีวิต\nรอดตัว\nรอดตาย\nรอนแรม\nร่อนเร่\nร้อนใจ\nร้อนตัว\nร้อนรน\nร้อนรุ่ม\nร้อนวิชา\nร้อนอาสน์\nรอบจัด\nรอบเดือน\nรอบรู้\nรอยร้าว\nร่อยหรอ\nร้อยละ\nร้อยกรอง\nร้อยแก้ว\nร้อยหวาย\nระนาดทุ้ม\nระนาดเอก\nระเบิดขวด\nระเบิดมือ\nระเบียบการ\nรักใคร่\nรักษาการ\nรักษาการณ์\nรังไข่\nรังแตน\nรังนก\nรังผึ้ง\nรังเพลิง\nรังมด\nรังสรรค์\nรังสฤษฏ์\nรั้งรอ\nรังสีแพทย์\nรังสีวิทยา\nรัชกาล\nรัชทายาท\nรัชนีกร\nรัฐธรรมนูญ\nรัฐบาล\nรัฐบุรุษ\nรัฐประศาสน์\nรัฐประหาร\nรัฐพิธี\nรัฐมนตรี\nรัฐวิสาหกิจ\nรัฐศาสตร์\nรัฐสภา\nรัดกุม\nรัดเกล้า\nรัดตัว\nรัดประคด\nรัดรึง\nรัดรูป\nรัตติกาล\nรับขวัญ\nรับจ้าง\nรับช่วง\nรับใช้\nรับซื้อ\nรับทราบ\nรับประกัน\nรับประทาน\nรับปาก\nรับผิด\nรับผิดชอบ\nรับฟ้อง\nรับฟัง\nรับมือ\nรับรอง\nรับรู้\nรับสมัคร\nรับสั่ง\nรับหน้า\nรับเหมา\nรั่วไหล\nรามือ\nร่าเริง\nรากแก้ว\nรากขวัญ\nรากฐาน\nรากฟัน\nรากศัพท์\nรากเหง้า\nร่างกาย\nร่างแห\nร้างรา\nราชกรณียกิจ\nราชการ\nราชกิจ\nราชครู\nราชฐาน\nราชทัณฑ์\nราชทินนาม\nราชทูต\nราชธานี\nราชนาวี\nราชบัณฑิต\nราชบัลลังก์\nราชบาตร\nราชบุตร\nราชปะแตน\nราชภัฏ\nราชมัล\nราชยาน\nราชรถ\nราชลัญจกร\nราชเลขาธิการ\nราชเลขานุการ\nราชวงศ์\nราชวัติ\nราชสกุล\nราชสมบัติ\nราชสาส์น\nราชหัตถเลขา\nราชองครักษ์\nราชโองการ\nราชาคณะ\nราชาศัพท์\nราชินีนาถ\nร้านชำ\nร้านรวง\nราบคาบ\nราบรื่น\nราบเรียบ\nรายการ\nรายงาน\nรายจ่าย\nรายได้\nรายทาง\nรายรับ\nรายล้อม\nรายละเอียด\nรายวิชา\nร่ายยาว\nร่ายรำ\nร้ายกาจ\nร้ายแรง\nราวนม\nราวป่า\nร้าวฉาน\nร้าวราน\nรำพัด\nรำแพน\nรำวง\nร่ำไป\nร่ำร้อง\nร่ำเรียน\nร่ำไร\nร่ำลา\nร่ำไห้\nริเริ่ม\nริอ่าน\nริมฝีปาก\nริ้วรอย\nรีบร้อน\nรีบรุด\nรีบเร่ง\nรื่นรมย์\nรื่นเริง\nรื้อถอน\nรื้อฟื้น\nรุกฆาต\nรุกราน\nรุกล้ำ\nรุกไล่\nรุ่งขึ้น\nรุ่งแจ้ง\nรุ่งเช้า\nรุ่งเรือง\nรุ่งโรจน์\nรุ่งสว่าง\nรุ่งสาง\nรุ่งอรุณ\nรุจิเรข\nรุดหน้า\nรุนแรง\nรุมเร้า\nรุมล้อม\nรุ่มรวย\nรุ่มร้อน\nรุ่ยร่าย\nรู้แกว\nรู้ความ\nรู้คุณ\nรู้งาน\nรู้จัก\nรู้แจ้ง\nรู้ใจ\nรู้เชิง\nรู้ตัว\nรู้ทัน\nรู้เท่า\nรู้เรื่อง\nรู้สำนึก\nรู้สึก\nรู้เห็น\nรูปการณ์\nรูปโฉม\nรูปฌาน\nรูปถ่าย\nรูปทรง\nรูปธรรม\nรูปแบบ\nรูปพรรณ\nรูปพรหม\nรูปภพ\nรูปภาพ\nรูปร่าง\nรูปสมบัติ\nเร่ร่อน\nเร่งด่วน\nเร่งมือ\nเร่งรัด\nเร่งรีบ\nเร่งเร้า\nเร้นลับ\nเร่อร่า\nเร่าร้อน\nเราะราย\nเราะร้าย\nเริงใจ\nเริงรมย์\nเริดร้าง\nเริ่มต้น\nเริ่มแรก\nเรี่ยราด\nเรี่ยไร\nเรียกคืน\nเรียกตัว\nเรียกร้อง\nเรียกหา\nเรียบร้อย\nเรียงความ\nเรียงตัว\nเรียงเบอร์\nเรียงพิมพ์\nเรียงเม็ด\nเรียงราย\nเรียนรู้\nเรียบร้อย\nเรียบเรียง\nเรียบวุธ\nเรี่ยมเร้\nเรี่ยวแรง\nเรือกลไฟ\nเรือกอและ\nเรือกำปั่น\nเรือจ้าง\nเรือดำน้ำ\nเรือโดยสาร\nเรือตรวจการณ์\nเรือตังเก\nเรือธง\nเรือนำร่อง\nเรือบด\nเรือบิน\nเรือใบ\nเรือประมง\nเรือพ่วง\nเรือพิฆาต\nเรือยนต์\nเรือยาว\nเรือโยง\nเรือรบ\nเรือลากจูง\nเรือสำปั้น\nเรือสำเภา\nเรือหลวง\nเรือหางยาว\nเรืออีโปง\nเรือเอี้ยมจุ๊น\nเรื้อรัง\nเรือกสวน\nเรืองนาม\nเรืองรอง\nเรืองแสง\nเรื่องราว\nเรื่องสั้น\nเรือนแก้ว\nเรือนจำ\nเรือนเบี้ย\nเรือนแพ\nเรือนหอ\nเรื่อยเจื้อย\nเรื่อยเฉื่อย\nเรื่อยเปื่อย\nแรเงา\nแรกนา\nแรกนาขวัญ\nแรงงาน\nแรงดึงดูด\nแรงเทียน\nแรงม้า\nแรงเหวี่ยง\nแรมรอน\nแรมรา\nแรมโรย\nโรคจิต\nโรงครัว\nโรงงาน\nโรงเจ\nโรงเตี๊ยม\nโรงทาน\nโรงนา\nโรงพยาบาล\nโรงพัก\nโรงพิมพ์\nโรงเรียน\nโรงเรือน\nโรงแรม\nโรงเลี้ยง\nโรงเลื่อย\nโรงสี\nโรงสีข้าว\nโรงอาหาร\nโรมรัน\nโรยรา\nฤชากร\nฤดูกาล\nลงขัน\nลงแขก\nลงคอ\nลงตัว\nลงท้าย\nลงทุน\nลงโทษ\nลงพุง\nลงมือ\nลงรัก\nลงรอย\nลงแรง\nลงโรง\nลงเอย\nลดตัว\nลดละ\nลดเลี้ยว\nลดหย่อน\nลดหลั่น\nลนลาน\nล้นพ้น\nล้นหลาม\nล้นเหลือ\nลบล้าง\nลบเลือน\nลบหลู่\nลมกรด\nลมค้า\nลมงวง\nลมแดด\nลมทะเล\nลมบก\nลมบน\nลมบ้าหมู\nลมปราณ\nลมปาก\nลมพิษ\nลมว่าว\nลมเสีย\nลมหนาว\nลมหายใจ\nล่มจม\nล่มสลาย\nล้มละลาย\nล้มลุก\nล้มเลิก\nล่วงเกิน\nล่วงรู้\nล่วงละเมิด\nล่วงลับ\nล่วงล้ำ\nล่วงเลย\nล่วงหน้า\nลวดลาย\nลวดสปริง\nลวดหนาม\nล้วนแล้ว\nลหุโทษ\nล่อลวง\nล่อหลอก\nล่อแหลม\nล้อต๊อก\nล้อเลื่อน\nล้อเล่น\nล้อเลียน\nล้อหลอก\nลองเชิง\nลองดี\nลองภูมิ\nล่องหน\nลอดช่อง\nล่อนจ้อน\nลอบกัด\nล้อมวง\nลอยแก้ว\nลอยชาย\nลอยตัว\nลอยนวล\nลอยแพ\nลอยลำ\nละทิ้ง\nละเลย\nละเว้น\nละครนอก\nละครใน\nละครเพลง\nละครร้อง\nละครรำ\nละครลิง\nละครสัตว์\nละเอียดอ่อน\nลักไก่\nลักพา\nลักเพศ\nลักยิ้ม\nลักลอบ\nลักลั่น\nลักหลับ\nลัดเลาะ\nลับตา\nลับแล\nลับหลัง\nลาออก\nล่าช้า\nล่าทัพ\nล้าสมัย\nล้าหลัง\nลากข้าง\nล้างบาง\nล้างผลาญ\nลาดเขา\nลาดตระเวน\nลาดเท\nลาดยาง\nลานบิน\nลาภปาก\nลาภลอย\nลามปาม\nลามเลีย\nลายคราม\nลายเซ็น\nลายแทง\nลายน้ำ\nลายพร้อย\nลายมือ\nลายลักษณ์\nลายเส้น\nลำกล้อง\nลำแข้ง\nลำธาร\nลำแสง\nลำไส้\nลำตัด\nลำนำ\nล่ำสัน\nล้ำยุค\nล้ำสมัย\nล้ำลึก\nล้ำเลิศ\nล้ำเส้น\nล้ำหน้า\nลิงจุ่น\nลิงลม\nลิงโลด\nลิดรอน\nลิ้นไก่\nลิ้นชัก\nลิ้นปี่\nลิ้นควาย\nลิ้นงูเห่า\nลิ้นหมา\nลิบลับ\nลิบลิ่ว\nลิ่มเลือด\nลี้ภัย\nลี้ลับ\nลึกซึ้ง\nลึกลับ\nลึกล้ำ\nลืมตน\nลืมต้น\nลืมตัว\nลืมตา\nลืมเลือน\nลือชา\nลือชื่อ\nลือลั่น\nลุล่วง\nลุกลน\nลุกลาม\nลุกลี้ลุกลน\nลุกฮือ\nลุ่มน้ำ\nลุ่มลึก\nลุ่มหลง\nลุ่ทาง\nลูกกรง\nลูกกรอก\nลูกกรุง\nลูกกลอน\nลูกกลิ้ง\nลูกกวาด\nลูกกะจ๊อก\nลูกกุญแจ\nลูกเกด\nลูกแก้ว\nลูกขนไก่\nลูกข่าง\nลูกขุน\nลูกเขย\nลูกครึ่ง\nลูกคลื่น\nลูกความ\nลูกคอ\nลูกค้า\nลูกคิด\nลูกคู่\nลูกจ้าง\nลูกช้าง\nลูกชิด\nลูกชิ้น\nลูกชุบ\nลูกซอง\nลูกโซ่\nลูกดอก\nลูกดิ่ง\nลูกตะกั่ว\nลูกตุ้ม\nลูกเต้า\nลูกเต๋า\nลูกถ้วย\nลูกทุ่ง\nลูกเธอ\nลูกน้อง\nลูกน้ำ\nลูกนิมิต\nลูกบอล\nลูกบ้าน\nลูกบาศก์\nลูกบิด\nลูกเบี้ยว\nลูกประคบ\nลูกประคำ\nลูกปัด\nลูกปืน\nลูกโป่ง\nลูกผสม\nลูกผู้ชาย\nลูกผู้หญิง\nลูกพรรค\nลูกพี่\nลูกฟูก\nลูกไฟ\nลูกมือ\nลูกโม่\nลูกไม้\nลูกยาเธอ\nลูกรอก\nลูกรัง\nลูกเรือ\nลูกล้อ\nลูกลอย\nลูกเล่น\nลูกเลี้ยง\nลูกโลก\nลูกวัด\nลูกศร\nลูกศิษย์\nลูกสมุน\nลูกสะใภ้\nลูกสูบ\nลูกเสือ\nลูกหนัง\nลูกหนี้\nลูกหนู\nลูกหมาก\nลูกหลง\nลูกหลาน\nลูกหาบ\nลูกหิน\nลูกเห็บ\nลูกเหม็น\nลูกแหง่\nลูกอม\nลูกหม้อ\nลูบคม\nลูบคลำ\nลูบไล้\nเล็กน้อย\nเลขคณิต\nเลขผา\nเลขหมาย\nเล็ดลอด\nเล่นงาน\nเล่นแง่\nเล่นชู้\nเล่นตัว\nเล่นลิ้น\nเล่นหัว\nเลนส์นูน\nเลนส์เว้า\nเล็บครุฑ\nเลยเถิด\nเลศนัย\nเล่ห์กล\nเล่ห์เหลี่ยม\nเลอโฉม\nเลอมาน\nเลอเลิศ\nเลอสรวง\nเล่อล่า\nเลอะเลือน\nเล่าเรียน\nเล่าลือ\nเลาะลัด\nเลิกรา\nเลิกร้าง\nเลิกล้ม\nเลิศเลอ\nเลี้ยงชีพ\nเลี้ยงดู\nเลี้ยงต้อย\nเลียบเคียง\nเลี้ยวลด\nเลือกตั้ง\nเลือกเฟ้น\nเลือกสรร\nเลื่องลือ\nเลือดกำเดา\nเลือดเนื้อ\nเลือดฝาด\nเลือดเย็น\nเลือดร้อน\nเลือดหมู\nเลือดอุ่น\nเลือนราง\nเลื่อนเปื้อน\nเลื่อนลอย\nเลื่อมพราย\nเลื่อมใส\nเลื่อยฉลุ\nเลื่อยลันดา\nเลื่อยวงเดือน\nเลื้อยคลาน\nแลเหลียว\nแลกเปลี่ยน\nแล้วกัน\nและเล็ม\nโล่งใจ\nโล่งโถง\nโล่งอก\nโลดเต้น\nโลดโผน\nโลดลิ่ว\nโลดแล่น\nไล่ที่\nไล่เบี้ย\nไล่เลี่ย\nไล่เลียง\nไล่หลัง\nไล่ออก\nวกวน\nวงกบ\nวงกลม\nวงการ\nวงแขน\nวงเงิน\nวงจร\nวงนอก\nวงใน\nวงรี\nวงเล็บ\nวงเวียน\nวงแหวน\nวงศ์วาน\nวจีกรรม\nวจีเภท\nวจีภาค\nวนเวียน\nวอดวาย\nว็อบแว็บ\nวังวน\nวังหน้า\nวังหลวง\nวังหลัง\nวัดราษฎร์\nวัดวา\nวัดหลวง\nวัดผล\nวัดพื้น\nวัตถุนิยม\nวัตถุประสงค์\nวัตรปฏิบัติ\nวันโกน\nวันพระ\nวันเพ็ญ\nวัยรุ่น\nวัยวุฒิ\nว่ากล่าว\nว่าจ้าง\nว่าด้วย\nว่าที่\nวางก้าม\nวางใจ\nวางตัว\nวางตา\nวางโต\nวางท่า\nวางมวย\nวางมาด\nวางมือ\nวางวาย\nว่างเปล่า\nว่างเว้น\nวาดเขียน\nว่านเครือ\nวาบหวาม\nวายชนม์\nวายปราณ\nวายวาง\nวายวอด\nวายร้าย\nวายุภักษ์\nวาววับ\nวาววาม\nวาวแวว\nวาวแสง\nวิกฤตการณ์\nวิกฤติการณ์\nวิกฤตกาล\nวิกฤติกาล\nวิกลจริต\nวิงเวียน\nวิ่งเต้น\nวิ่งผลัด\nวิ่งรอก\nวิ่งราว\nวิจิตรศิลป์\nวิชาการ\nวิชาชีพ\nวิชาธร\nวิญญูชน\nวิดพื้น\nวิตกจริต\nวิถีทาง\nวิทยากร\nวิทยากล\nวิทยาการ\nวิทยาเขต\nวิทยาทาน\nวิทยาธร\nวิทยานิพนธ์\nวิทยาศาสตร์\nวิเทศสัมพันธ์\nวิธีการ\nวินัยธร\nวินัยปิฎก\nวินาศกรรม\nวินาศภัย\nวินาศสันตะโร\nวิภัชพยากรณ์\nวิภัชวาที\nวิไลวรรณ\nวิสัญญีแพทย์\nวิสัญญีภาพ\nวิสัญญีวิทยา\nวุฒิบัตร\nวุฒิสภา\nวุฒิสมาชิก\nวุ่นวาย\nวุ้นเส้น\nวูบวาบ\nเวจกุฎี\nเวจมรรค\nเวชกรรม\nเวชภัณฑ์\nเวชศาสตร์\nเวทมนตร์\nเวนคืน\nเวรกรรม\nเวฬุการ\nเวฬุวัน\nเว้าวอน\nเวิ้งว้าง\nเวียงวัง\nเวียนเทียน\nแว้งกัด\nแวดล้อม\nแวดวง\nแว่นขยาย\nแว่นแคว้น\nแว่นตา\nแวบวับ\nแววตา\nแวววาม\nแวววาว\nแวะเวียน\nโวยวาย\nไวไฟ\nไว้ใจ\nไว้ชื่อ\nไว้ตัว\nไว้ทุกข์\nไว้ลาย\nไว้หน้า\nไว้อาลัย\nศนิวาร\nศอกกลับ\nศอกกำ\nศอกกำมา\nศักดิ์ศรี\nศักดิ์สิทธิ์\nศารทวิษุวัติ\nศาลแขวง\nศาลจังหวัด\nศาลชั้นต้น\nศาลฎีกา\nศาลเตี้ย\nศาลทหาร\nศาลปกครอง\nศาลพระภูมิ\nศาลเพียงตา\nศาลแพ่ง\nศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ\nศาลแรงงาน\nศาลล้มละลาย\nศาลโลก\nศาลสูง\nศาลสูงสุด\nศาลอาญา\nศาลอุทธรณ์\nศาลากลาง\nศาลาดิน\nศาลาราย\nศาลาวัด\nศิลาฤกษ์\nศิลาแลง\nศิษย์เก่า\nศิษย์เอก\nศีลจุ่ม\nศีลธรรม\nศีลวัต\nศีลอด\nศูนย์กลาง\nศูนย์การค้า\nศูนย์ถ่วง\nศูนย์สูตร\nศูนย์หน้า\nเศร้าใจ\nเศร้าโศก\nเศร้าสร้อย\nเศร้าสลด\nเศร้าหมอง\nเศวตฉัตร\nเศษเกิน\nเศษซ้อน\nเศษวรรค\nเศษส่วน\nเศษเหล็ก\nโศกนาฏกรรม\nโศกศัลย์\nโศกเศร้า\nโศกสลด\nสกลโลก\nส่งเดช\nส่งท้าย\nส่งเสริม\nส่งเสีย\nส่งเสียง\nสงบเงียบ\nสงบเสงี่ยม\nสง่างาม\nสง่าราศี\nสดชื่น\nสดใส\nสตรีเพศ\nสติปัญญา\nสถลมารค\nสถานกงสุล\nสถานที่\nสถานทูต\nสถานการณ์\nสถานภาพ\nสถิติศาสตร์\nสนตะพาย\nสนใจ\nส้นตีน\nสนธิสัญญา\nสนนราคา\nสนับแข้ง\nสนับเพลา\nสนับมือ\nสนามบิน\nสนามเพลาะ\nสนิทสนม\nสนิมขุม\nสนิมสร้อย\nสนุกสนาน\nสบประมาท\nสบายใจ\nสภาพธรรม\nสมควร\nสมจริง\nสมใจ\nสมนัย\nสมน้ำหน้า\nสมประกอบ\nสมส่วน\nสมหวัง\nสมคบ\nสมทบ\nสมยอม\nสมรัก\nสมรู้\nสมสู่\nส้มฉุน\nส้มตำ\nส้มลิ้ม\nส้มกุ้ง\nส้มเช้า\nสมญานาม\nสมมติฐาน\nสมมุติฐาน\nสมมติเทพ\nสมรภูมิ\nสมัครใจ\nสมัยนิยม\nสมุทรศาสตร์\nสมุทรเสนา\nสยดสยอง\nสยองขวัญ\nสยามรัฐ\nสรรหา\nสรวมชีพ\nสรวลเส\nสร้อยเศร้า\nสร้างสรรค์\nสร้างเสริม\nสลดใจ\nสลบไสล\nสละสลวย\nสลาเหิน\nสลากภัต\nสวนครัว\nสวนป่า\nสวนสนุก\nสวนหย่อม\nส่วนกลาง\nส่วนเกิน\nส่วนตัว\nส่วนบุญ\nส่วนแบ่ง\nส่วนประกอบ\nส่วนพระองค์\nส่วนผสม\nส่วนรวม\nส่วนร่วม\nส่วนลด\nส่วนสัด\nสวมกอด\nสวมเขา\nสวมรอย\nสวยมภู\nสว่างไสว\nสวามิภักดิ์\nสวิงสวาย\nสสารนิยม\nส่อเสียด\nสอดคล้อง\nสอดแทรก\nสอดแนม\nสอบถาม\nสอบทาน\nสอบไล่\nสอบสวน\nส้อมเสียง\nสะสวย\nสะแกวัลย์\nสะแกแสง\nสะใจ\nสะเด็ดยาด\nสะเทือนใจ\nสะบัดช่อ\nสั่งสม\nสั่งสอน\nสั่งเสีย\nสังเกตการณ์\nสังคมนิยม\nสังคมวิทยา\nสังคมศาสตร์\nสังคมศึกษา\nสังคมสงเคราะห์\nสัญญาบัตร\nสัดส่วน\nสัตการ\nสัตบุรุษ\nสัตบริภัณฑ์\nสัตภัณฑ์\nสัตมหาสถาน\nสัตโลหะ\nสันเขา\nสันดอน\nสันหลัง\nสั่นเทา\nสั่นเทิ้ม\nสันติบาล\nสันติภาพ\nสันติวิธี\nสันติสุข\nสับเปลี่ยน\nสับสน\nสับหลีก\nสับหว่าง\nสัมมาคารวะ\nสัมมาชีพ\nส่าเหล้า\nสากกะเบือ\nสาทิสลักษณ์\nสาธุการ\nสาธุชน\nสาบเสือ\nสาปสรร\nสาปแช่ง\nสาปส่ง\nสามง่าม\nสามล้อ\nสามเหลี่ยม\nสามเวท\nสามัญชน\nสามัญสำนึก\nสายดิ่ง\nสายดิน\nสายตรวจ\nสายน้ำ\nสายบัว\nสายพาน\nสายฟ้า\nสายยาง\nสายยู\nสายใย\nสายรก\nสายรุ้ง\nสายล่อฟ้า\nสายลับ\nสายเลือด\nสายโลหิต\nสายวัด\nสายส่ง\nสายสวาท\nสายสะดือ\nสายสะพาย\nสายสัมพันธ์\nสายสิญจน์\nสายสืบ\nสายไหม\nสายอากาศ\nสายตา\nสายหยุด\nสารตรา\nสารประกอบ\nสารละลาย\nสารส้ม\nสารหนู\nสารทฤดู\nสาวใช้\nสาวน้อย\nสาวใหญ่\nสำนักงาน\nสำนักพิมพ์\nสำนักสงฆ์\nสำมะโนครัว\nสำเร็จรูป\nสิกขาบท\nสิงสถิต\nสิงสู่\nสิ่งก่อสร้าง\nสิ่งของ\nสิ่งปฏิกูล\nสิ่งพิมพ์\nสิ่งแวดล้อม\nสิ่งศักดิ์สิทธิ์\nสิทธิกร\nสิทธิ์ขาด\nสิทธิชัย\nสิทธิโชค\nสิทธิบัตร\nสินค้า\nสินจ้าง\nสินเชื่อ\nสินไถ่\nสินทรัพย์\nสินน้ำใจ\nสินบน\nสินแร่\nสินสมรส\nสินสอด\nสินไหม\nสิ้นเชิง\nสิ้นสุด\nสีผึ้ง\nสีลม\nสีชอล์ก\nสีถ่าน\nสีเทียน\nสีน้ำ\nสีน้ำมัน\nสีโปสเตอร์\nสีฝุ่น\nสี่เหลี่ยม\nสีหน้า\nสึกหรอ\nสืบทอด\nสืบค้น\nสืบสวน\nสืบสาว\nสืบเสาะ\nสื่อผสม\nสื่อมวลชน\nสื่อสาร\nสุกงอม\nสุกดิบ\nสุกปลั่ง\nสุกใส\nสุขนาฏกรรม\nสุขภัณฑ์\nสุขภาพ\nสุขลักษณะ\nสุขวิทยา\nสุขศาลา\nสุขศึกษา\nสุดท้าย\nสุตกวี\nสุนทรพจน์\nสุภาพชน\nสู่ขอ\nสู่รู้\nสู่สม\nสูงส่ง\nสูญเปล่า\nสูญสิ้น\nสูญเสีย\nสูญหาย\nเสสรวล\nเสแสร้ง\nเสกสรร\nเสถียรภาพ\nเส้นชัย\nเส้นตรง\nเส้นตาย\nเส้นทาง\nเส้นใย\nเส้นรุ้ง\nเส้นเลือด\nเส้นแวง\nเส้นสาย\nเส้นเสียง\nเส้นหมี่\nเส้นเอ็น\nเสบียงกรัง\nเสมอภาค\nเสมอหน้า\nเสมอเหมือน\nเสมียนตรา\nเสร็จสรรพ\nเสร็จสิ้น\nเสริมส่ง\nเสริมสร้าง\nเสริมสวย\nเสรีไทย\nเสรีธรรม\nเสรีนิยม\nเสรีภาพ\nเสาเข็ม\nเสาธง\nเสียใจ\nเสียเชิง\nเสียดาย\nเสียที\nเสียเที่ยว\nเสียเปรียบ\nเสียเปล่า\nเสียรู้\nเสียแรง\nเสียสละ\nเสียหลัก\nเสียหาย\nเสี่ยงทาย\nเสียดแทง\nเสียดแทรก\nเสียดสี\nเสี้ยนศึก\nเสี้ยนหนาม\nเสี้ยมสอน\nเสียวซ่าน\nเสียวไส้\nเสือดาว\nเสือดำ\nเสือปลา\nเสือป่า\nเสือไฟ\nเสื่อกก\nเสื่อกระจูด\nเสื่อน้ำมัน\nเสื่อลำแพน\nเสื้อกล้าม\nเสื้อกั๊ก\nเสื้อเกราะ\nเสื้อครุย\nเสื้อแสง\nเสื้อเมือง\nเสือกคลาน\nเสือกสน\nเสือกไส\nเสื่อมคลาย\nเสื่อมถอย\nเสื่อมทราม\nเสื่อมโทรม\nเสื่อมสลาย\nเสื่อมสูญ\nเสื่อมเสีย\nเสือหมอบ\nแสกหน้า\nแสดงออก\nแสเถา\nแสนกล\nแสนรู้\nแสร้งว่า\nใส่ความ\nใส่ไคล้\nใส่ใจ\nใส่ไฟ\nไส้กรอก\nไส้ไก่\nไส้ติ่ง\nไส้ศึก\nไส้อั่ว\nไส้เดือน\nไส้ตัน\nไสยเวท\nไสยศาสตร์\nหกล้ม\nหงส์หยก\nหงอนไก่\nหงอยก๋อย\nหงอยเหงา\nหงายท้อง\nหงายหลัง\nหงำเหงอะ\nหงำเหงือก\nหดหาย\nหดหู่\nหนทาง\nหนวกหู\nหน่วงเหนี่ยว\nหน่วยก้าน\nหน่อไม้\nหนองใน\nหนองแซง\nหนักข้อ\nหนักใจ\nหนักแน่น\nหนักหน่วง\nหนักหนา\nหนังกลับ\nหนังตะลุง\nหนังเรียด\nหนังสด\nหนังใหญ่\nหนังสือพิมพ์\nหนาแน่น\nหน้ากระดาน\nหน้ากาก\nหน้ากาฬ\nหน้าแข้ง\nหน้าจั่ว\nหน้าฉาน\nหน้าตัก\nหน้าตา\nหน้าต่าง\nหน้าท้อง\nหน้าทับ\nหน้าที่\nหน้าที่นั่ง\nหน้าบัน\nหน้าปัด\nหน้าผา\nหน้าผาก\nหน้าม้า\nหน้ามุข\nหน้าไม้\nหน้าเลือด\nหน้าอก\nหนามเตย\nหน่ายหนี\nหน่ายแหนง\nหนาวเหน็บ\nหนำใจ\nหนี้สิน\nหนี้ส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น\nกณิกนันต์\nกณิการ์\nกด\nกตเวทิตา\nกตเวที\nกตัญชลี\nกตัญญุตา\nกตัญญู\nกตาธิการ\nกตาภินิหาร\nกติกา\nกถา\nกถิกาจารย์\nกทลี\nกน\nก่น\nก้น\nกนก\nกนิษฐ์\nกนิษฐา\nกบ\nกบฏ\nกบดาน\nกบทู\nกบาล\nกบินทร์\nกบิล\nกบี่\nกบูร\nกเบนทร์\nกม\nก้ม\nกมณฑลาภิเษก\nกมณฑโลทก\nกมล\nกมลา\nกมลาศ\nกมลาสน์\nกมเลศ\nกมัณฑลุ\nกมุท\nกร\nกรกฎ\nกรกฎาคม\nกรกฏ\nกรง\nกรชกาย\nกรณฑ์\nกรณิการ์\nกรณี\nกรณีย์\nกรณียกิจ\nกรณียะ\nกรด\nกรน\nกรบ\nกรบูร\nกรพินธุ์\nกรม\nกรรกฎ\nกรรกศ\nกรรเกด\nกรรไกร\nกรรเจียก\nกรรชิง\nกรรเชียง\nกรรโชก\nกรรฐ์\nกรรฐา\nกรรณ\nกรรณา\nกรรณิกา\nกรรณิการ์\nกรรดิ\nกรรดิก\nกรรดึก\nกรรตุ\nกรรไตร\nกรรทบ\nกรรแทก\nกรรบิด\nกรรบูร\nกรรภิรมย์\nกรรม\nกรรม์\nกรรม์ภิรมย์\nกรรมชวาต\nกรรมัชวาต\nกรรมาชีพ\nกรรมาธิการ\nกรรมาร\nกรรษก\nกรรสะ\nกรรแสง\nกรวด\nกรวบ\nกรวม\nกร้วม\nกรวย\nกรวิก\nกรสาปน์\nกรสุทธิ์\nกรอ\nกร้อ\nกรอก\nกร็อกกร๋อย\nกรอกแกรก\nกรอง\nกรองกรอย\nกรอด\nกร่อน\nกรอบ\nกรอม\nกร่อย\nกระ\nกระกร\nกระกรุ่น\nกระกลับกลอก\nกระกี้\nกระเกรอก\nกระเกริก\nกระเกริ่น\nกระคน\nกระคาย\nกระงกกระเงิ่น\nกระง่องกระแง่ง\nกระง่อนกระแง่น\nกระเง้ากระงอด\nกระโงก\nกระจก\nกระจง\nกระจร\nกระจอก\nกระจองหง่อง\nกระจ๋องหง่อง\nกระจองอแง\nกระจ้อน\nกระจอนหู\nกระจ้อย\nกระจ๋อหวอ\nกระจะ\nกระจัก\nกระจัง\nกระจัด\nกระจับ\nกระจ่า\nกระจ่าง\nกระจาด\nกระจาน\nกระจาบ\nกระจาม\nกระจาย\nกระจาว\nกระจิก\nกระจิ๋ง\nกระจิด\nกระจิบ\nกระจิ๋ม\nกระจิริด\nกระจิ๋ว\nกระจี้\nกระจี๋\nกระจุก\nกระจุ๋งกระจิ๋ง\nกระจุบ\nกระจุ๊บ\nกระจุ๋มกระจิ๋ม\nกระจุย\nกระจู้\nกระจู๋กระจี๋\nกระจูด\nกระเจอะกระเจิง\nกระเจา\nกระเจ่า\nกระเจ้า\nกระเจาะ\nกระเจิง\nกระเจิดกระเจิง\nกระเจี้ยง\nกระเจี๊ยบ\nกระเจียว\nกระเจี๊ยว\nกระแจะ\nกระโจน\nกระโจม\nกระฉอก\nกระฉ่อน\nกระฉับกระเฉง\nกระฉิ่ง\nกระฉีก\nกระฉูด\nกระเฉก\nกระเฉด\nกระแฉก\nกระโฉกกระเฉก\nกระโฉม\nกระชดกระช้อย\nกระชอน\nกระชอมดอก\nกระช้อย\nกระชัง\nกระชั้น\nกระชับ\nกระชาก\nกระชาย\nกระชิง\nกระชิด\nกระชุ\nกระชุก\nกระชุ่มกระชวย\nกระเชอ\nกระเชา\nกระเช้า\nกระเชียง\nกระแชง\nกระแชะ\nกระโชก\nกระซ่องกระแซ่ง\nกระซับ\nกระซาบ\nกระซิก\nกระซิบ\nกระซี้\nกระซุง\nกระซุบกระซิบ\nกระซุ้ม\nกระซู่\nกระเซ็น\nกระเซอ\nกระเซอะกระเซอ\nกระเซอะกระเซิง\nกระเซ้า\nกระเซิง\nกระแซ\nกระแซะ\nกระโซกระเซ\nกระฎี\nกระฎุมพี\nกระดก\nกระด้ง\nกระดนโด่\nกระดวง\nกระดวน\nกระด้วมกระเดี้ยม\nกระดอ\nกระดอง\nกระดองหาย\nกระดอน\nกระดอม\nกระดักกระเดี้ย\nกระดังงัว\nกระดังงา\nกระดาก\nกระด้าง\nกระดางลาง\nกระดาด\nกระดาดขาว\nกระดาน\nกระดานพน\nกระดาษ\nกระดำกระด่าง\nกระดิก\nกระดิ่ง\nกระดิ้ง\nกระดิบ\nกระดี่\nกระดี้กระเดียม\nกระดึง\nกระดืบ\nกระดุ\nกระดุกกระดิก\nกระดุ้งกระดิ้ง\nกระดุบ\nกระดุบกระดิบ\nกระดุม\nกระดูก\nกระเดก\nกระเด้ง\nกระเด็น\nกระเด้า\nกระเดาะ\nกระเดิด\nกระเดี้ย\nกระเดียด\nกระเดือก\nกระเดื่อง\nกระแด็ก\nกระแด้ง\nกระแด้แร่\nกระแด่ว\nกระแดะ\nกระโดก\nกระโดง\nกระโดด\nกระโดน\nกระได\nกระตรับ\nกระตราก\nกระตรุด\nกระตรุม\nกระต้วมกระเตี้ยม\nกระต้อ\nกระต่องกระแต่ง\nกระต๊อบ\nกระต้อยตีวิด\nกระตัก\nกระตั้ว\nกระต่าย\nกระติก\nกระติ๊ด\nกระติบ\nกระตือรือร้น\nกระตุก\nกระตุ้งกระติ้ง\nกระตุ่น\nกระตุ้น\nกระตูบ\nกระเตง\nกระเต็น\nกระเตอะ\nกระเตาะ\nกระเตาะกระแตะ\nกระเตื้อง\nกระแต\nกระแตแต้แว้ด\nกระโตกกระตาก\nกระโตน\nกระถด\nกระถอบ\nกระถั่ว\nกระถาง\nกระถิก\nกระถิน\nกระเถิบ\nกระโถน\nกระทก\nกระทง\nกระทบ\nกระทรวง\nกระทอก\nกระท้อน\nกระท่อนกระแท่น\nกระท่อม\nกระท้อมกระแท้ม\nกระทะ\nกระทั่ง\nกระทั้น\nกระทา\nกระทาย\nกระทาสี\nกระทาหอง\nกระทำ\nกระทิกกระทวย\nกระทิง\nกระทึง\nกระทืบ\nกระทุ\nกระทุง\nกระทุ้ง\nกระทุ่ม\nกระทู้\nกระเท่\nกระเทียบ\nกระเทียม\nกระเทือน\nกระเทื้อม\nกระแทก\nกระแท่น\nกระแทะ\nกระไทชาย\nกระน่อง\nกระนั้น\nกระนี้\nกระแนะกระแหน\nกระโน้น\nกระไน\nกระบก\nกระบม\nกระบวน\nกระบวย\nกระบวร\nกระบอก\nกระบอง\nกระบะ\nกระบัด\nกระบั้วกระเบี้ย\nกระบ่า\nกระบ้า\nกระบาก\nกระบาย\nกระบาล\nกระบิ\nกระบิ้ง\nกระบิด\nกระบิล\nกระบี่\nกระบือ\nกระบุง\nกระบุ่มกระบ่าม\nกระบู้กระบี้\nกระบูน\nกระบูร\nกระเบง\nกระเบญ\nกระเบ็ดกระบวน\nกระเบน\nกระเบา\nกระเบิก\nกระเบียด\nกระเบียน\nกระเบื้อง\nกระแบก\nกระแบะ\nกระโบม\nกระปมกระปำ\nกระปมกระเปา\nกระปรอก\nกระปรอกว่าว\nกระปรี้กระเปร่า\nกระปอก\nกระป้อกระแป้\nกระป่อง\nกระป๋อง\nกระปอดกระแปด\nกระป๋อหลอ\nกระปั้วกระเปี้ย\nกระป่ำ\nกระปุก\nกระปุ๊กลุก\nกระปุ่ม\nกระปุ่มกระป่ำ\nกระปุ่มกระปิ่ม\nกระเป๋า\nกระเปาะ\nกระโปก\nกระโปรง\nกระผม\nกระผลีกระผลาม\nกระผาน\nกระผีก\nกระพรวน\nกระพริ้ม\nกระพอก\nกระพอง\nกระพ้อม\nกระพัก\nกระพัง\nกระพังเหิร\nกระพังโหม\nกระพัด\nกระพัตร\nกระพัน\nกระพั่น\nกระพา\nกระพาก\nกระพี้\nกระพือ\nกระพุ้ง\nกระพุ่ม\nกระเพาะ\nกระเพิง\nกระเพื่อม\nกระแพ้ง\nกระฟัดกระเฟียด\nกระฟูมกระฟาย\nกระมล\nกระมอบ\nกระมอมกระแมม\nกระมัง\nกระมัน\nกระมิดกระเมี้ยน\nกระมุท\nกระเมาะ\nกระย่อง\nกระย่องกระแย่ง\nกระย่อน\nกระย่อม\nกระยา\nกระยาง\nกระยาจก\nกระยาหงัน\nกระยิก\nกระยิ้มกระย่อง\nกระยึกกระยือ\nกระยืดกระยาด\nกระเย้อกระแหย่ง\nกระรอก\nกระเรียน\nกระโรกน้ำข้าว\nกระโรกใหญ่\nกระไร\nกระลด\nกระลบ\nกระลอก\nกระลอม\nกระละหล่ำ\nกระลัด\nกระลับ\nกระลัมพร\nกระลา\nกระลำ\nกระลำพัก\nกระลำพุก\nกระลิง\nกระลี\nกระลุมพาง\nกระลุมพุก\nกระลุมพู\nกระลูน\nกระลู่น์\nกระเล็น\nกระเลียด\nกระเลือก\nกระโลง\nกระวน\nกระวัด\nกระวาด\nกระวาน\nกระวาย\nกระวิน\nกระวี\nกระวีกระวาด\nกระวูดกระวาด\nกระเวน\nกระเวยกระวาย\nกระแวน\nกระโวยกระวาย\nกระษัย\nกระษาปณ์\nกระสง\nกระสบ\nกระสม\nกระสรวล\nกระสร้อย\nกระสวน\nกระสวย\nกระสอบ\nกระสะ\nกระสัง\nกระสัน\nกระสับกระส่าย\nกระสา\nกระสานติ์\nกระสาบ\nกระสาย\nกระสือ\nกระสุงกระสิง\nกระส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ทิง\nกากะเยีย\nกากี\nกาง\nก้าง\nกางเกง\nกางเขน\nก๊าซ\nกาซะลอง\nกาญจนา\nกาฐ\nกาด\nก๊าด\nกาน\nก่าน\nก้าน\nก๊าน\nกานดา\nกานต์\nกานน\nก้านพร้าว\nกานพลู\nกาน้า\nกาบ\nก้าบ\nกาบู\nกาพย์\nกาเฟอีน\nกาแฟ\nกาม\nก้าม\nกามารมณ์\nกามินี\nกาเมสุมิจฉาจาร\nกาย\nก่าย\nกาเยน\nการ\nการณ์\nการ์ด\nการ์ตูน\nการบูร\nการย์\nการวิก\nการเวก\nการะเกด\nการะบุหนิง\nการัณย์\nการันต์\nการางหัวขวาน\nการิตการก\nการิตวาจก\nการุญ\nการุณย์\nกาเรการ่อน\nกาล\nกาลกรรณี\nกาลกิณี\nกาลจักร\nกาลัญญุตา\nกาลัญญู\nกาลัด\nกาลานุกาล\nกาลิก\nกาลี\nกาแล\nกาแล็กซี\nกาแล็กโทส\nกาว\nก้าว\nกาววาว\nกาวาง\nกาแวน\nกาศิก\nกาษฐะ\nกาษา\nกาสร\nกาสะ\nกาสา\nกาสาร\nกาสาวะ\nกาสิโน\nกาหล\nกาหลง\nกาหลา\nกาเหว่า\nกาไหล่\nกาฬ\nกาฬาวก\nกาฮัง\nกำ\nก่ำ\nกำกวม\nกำกัด\nกำกับ\nก้ำกึ่ง\nกำกูน\nก้ำเกิน\nกำเกียง\nกำคูน\nกำจร\nกำจัด\nกำจาย\nกำชับ\nกำชำ\nกำซาบ\nกำซำ\nกำด้น\nกำดัด\nกำดาล\nกำเดา\nกำธร\nกำนล\nกำนัน\nกำนัล\nกำเนิด\nกำบัง\nก่ำบึ้ง\nกำเบ้อ\nกำปอ\nกำปั่น\nกำผลา\nกำพง\nกำพด\nกำพต\nกำพร้า\nกำพราก\nกำพวด\nกำพอง\nกำพืด\nกำพุด\nกำพู\nกำเพลิง\nกำแพง\nกำภู\nกำมลาศน์\nกำมเลศ\nกำมะถัน\nกำมะลอ\nกำมะหยี่\nกำมะหริด\nกำมังละการ\nกำมังวิลิต\nกำมัชพล\nกำยาน\nกำยำ\nกำรอ\nกำราบ\nกำราล\nกำเริบ\nกำไร\nกำลัง\nกำลุง\nกำเลา\nกำไล\nกำสรด\nกำสรวล\nกำหนด\nกำหนัด\nกำเหน็จ\nกำแหง\nกิก\nกิ๊ก\nกิ่ง\nกิ้งก่า\nกิ้งกือ\nกิ้งโครง\nกิจ\nกิจจะ\nกิจจา\nกิดาการ\nกิดาหยัน\nกิตติ\nกิตติมศักดิ์\nกิน\nกินนร\nกินปลี\nกินเปี้ยว\nกินริน\nกินรี\nกิ๊บ\nกิมตึ๋ง\nกิมิชาติ\nกิมิวิทยา\nกิโมโน\nกิโยตีน\nกิระ\nกิริณี\nกิรินท\nกิริเนศวร\nกิริยา\nกิเลน\nกิเลส\nกิโล\nกิโลมกะ\nกิ่ว\nกิ๋ว\nกี\nกี่\nกี้\nกี๊\nกี๋\nกีฏวิทยา\nกีด\nกีตาร์\nกีบ\nกีรติ\nกีฬา\nกึก\nกึง\nกึ่ง\nกึ๋น\nกุ\nกุก\nกุ๊ก\nกุกกุฏ\nกุกกุร\nกุกรรม\nกุ้ง\nกุงอน\nกุงาน\nกุโงก\nกุจี\nกุญแจ\nกุญชร\nกุฎ\nกุฎา\nกุฎี\nกุฎุมพี\nกุฏฐัง\nกุฏิ\nกุณฑ์\nกุณฑล\nกุณฑี\nกุณโฑ\nกุณาล\nกุณี\nกุด\nกุดัง\nกุดั่น\nกุดา\nกุทัณฑ์\nกุน\nกุ๊น\nกุนเชียง\nกุนที\nกุโนกามอ\nกุบ\nกุบกับ\nกุม\nกุ่ม\nกุมฝอย\nกุมภ์\nกุมภนิยา\nกุมภัณฑ์\nกุมภา\nกุมภิล\nกุมภีล์\nกุมเหง\nกุมาร\nกุมารา\nกุมารี\nกุมุท\nกุย\nกุ๊ย\nกุ๋ย\nกุยช่าย\nกุยเฮง\nกุรระ\nกุรุพินท์\nกุเรา\nกุล\nกุลา\nกุลาหล\nกุลี\nกุลีกุจอ\nกุเลา\nกุแล\nกุเวร\nกุศราช\nกุศล\nกุศโลบาย\nกุสุม\nกุสุมภ์\nกุสุมา\nกุสุมาลย์\nกุสุมิตลดาเวลลิตา\nกุหนี\nกุหนุง\nกุหร่า\nกุหล่า\nกุหลาบ\nกุแหละ\nกู\nกู่\nกู้\nกู๊ก\nกูฏ\nกูฏา\nกูณฑ์\nกูด\nกูบ\nกูปรี\nกูรมะ\nกูรมาวตาร\nเก\nเก้\nเก๊\nเก๋\nเกก\nเก๊ก\nเกกมะเหรก\nเก๊กฮวย\nเก้กัง\nเก็ง\nเก่ง\nเก้ง\nเก๋ง\nเกงกอย\nเก่งกาจ\nเกงเขง\nเก๋งเคง\nเก็จ\nเกจิอาจารย์\nเกชา\nเกณฑ์\nเกด\nเก็ด\nเกตุ\nเกน\nเก็บ\nเกม\nเกย\nเกยูร\nเกรง\nเกร็ง\nเกร็ด\nเกรน\nเกร่อ\nเกรอะ\nเกราะ\nเกริก\nเกริน\nเกริ่น\nเกรียก\nเกรียง\nเกรียด\nเกรียน\nเกรียบ\nเกรียม\nเกรียว\nเกรี้ยว\nเกเร\nเกล็ด\nเกลศ\nเกลอ\nเกลา\nเกล้า\nเกลาะ\nเกลี่ย\nเกลี้ย\nเกลียง\nเกลี้ยง\nเกลียด\nเกลียว\nเกลือ\nเกลื้อ\nเกลือก\nเกลื่อน\nเกลื้อน\nเกวัฏ\nเกวียน\nเกศ\nเกศว\nเกศวะ\nเกศา\nเกศินี\nเกศี\nเกษตร\nเกษม\nเกษียณ\nเกษียน\nเกษียร\nเกส\nเกสร\nเกสรี\nเกสา\nเกสี\nเก้อ\nเกอิชา\nเกะ\nเกะกะ\nเกา\nเก่า\nเก้า\nเก๋า\nเกาต์\nเกาทัณฑ์\nเกาบิล\nเกาลัด\nเกาลิน\nเกาไศย\nเกาหลี\nเกาเหลา\nเกาเหลียง\nเก้าอี้\nเกาะ\nเกิ้ง\nเกิด\nเกิน\nเกิบ\nเกีย\nเกียกกาย\nเกียง\nเกี่ยง\nเกี๋ยง\nเกียจ\nเกียด\nเกียน\nเกี้ยมไฉ่\nเกี้ยมอี๋\nเกียร์\nเกียรติ\nเกียรติ์\nเกี่ยว\nเกี้ยว\nเกี๊ยว\nเกี๊ยะ\nเกื้อ\nเกือก\nเกื้อกูล\nเกือบ\nแก\nแก่\nแก้\nแกง\nแก่ง\nแก้ง\nแก๊ง\nแกงได\nแกงแนง\nแกโดลิเนียม\nแกน\nแก่น\nแก๊ป\nแกม\nแก้ม\nแกมมา\nแกรก\nแกร่ง\nแกร็น\nแกรนิต\nแกรไฟต์\nแกร่ว\nแกระ\nแกล\nแกล้ง\nแกลน\nแกลบ\nแกล้ม\nแกลลอน\nแกลเลียม\nแกล้ว\nแกละ\nแกแล\nแกว\nแก้ว\nแกว่ง\nแก๊ส\nแกะ\nโก\nโก่\nโก้\nโก๋\nโกก\nโกกนุท\nโกกิลา\nโกโก้\nโกง\nโก่ง\nโกงกาง\nโก้งเก้ง\nโกงโก้\nโก้งโค้ง\nโกเชาว์\nโกญจนาท\nโกญจา\nโกฏิ\nโกฐ\nโกฐาส\nโกณะ\nโกดัง\nโกทัณฑ์\nโกน\nโก่น\nโก๋น\nโกมล\nโกมุท\nโกเมน\nโกเมศ\nโกย\nโกรก\nโกรกกราก\nโกรง\nโกร่ง\nโกร่งกร่าง\nโกรงเกรง\nโกร๋งเกร๋ง\nโกรญจ\nโกรต๋น\nโกรธ\nโกรธา\nโกร๋น\nโกรม\nโกรย\nโกรศ\nโกโรโกเต\nโกโรโกโรก\nโกโรโกโส\nโกลน\nโกลาหล\nโกไล\nโกวิท\nโกศ\nโกศล\nโกษม\nโกสน\nโกสัช\nโกสินทร์\nโกสีย์\nโกสุม\nโกไสย\nโกหก\nใกล้\nไก\nไก่\nไก๊\nไก๋\nไก่กอม\nไกพัล\nไกร\nไกรพ\nไกรลาส\nไกรศร\nไกรศรี\nไกรสร\nไกรสรี\nไกรสิทธิ\nไกล\nไกล่\nไกลาส\nไกว\nไกวัล\nขงจื๊อ\nขจร\nขจรจบ\nขจัด\nขจ่าง\nขจาย\nขจาว\nขจิต\nขจี\nขจุย\nขเจา\nขณะ\nขด\nขน\nข้น\nขนง\nขนด\nขนบ\nขนม\nขนอง\nขนอน\nขนอบ\nขนัด\nขนัน\nขนาก\nขนาง\nขนาด\nขนาน\nขนาบ\nขนาย\nขนำ\nขนิษฐ\nขนิษฐา\nขนุน\nขนุนนก\nขบ\nขบถ\nขบวน\nขบวร\nขม\nข่ม\nขมงโกรย\nขมวด\nขมวน\nขมอง\nขม่อม\nขมัง\nขมับ\nขมา\nขม้ำ\nขมิ้น\nขมิบ\nขมีขมัน\nขมึง\nขมึงทึง\nขมุ\nขมุกขมัว\nขมุบ\nขโมย\nขยด\nขยม\nขย่ม\nขยอก\nขยอง\nขย่อน\nขย้อน\nขยะ\nขยัก\nขยัน\nขยั้น\nขยับ\nขยาด\nขยาย\nขยำ\nขย้ำ\nขยิก\nขยิบ\nขยิ่ม\nขยี้\nขยุกขยิก\nขยุกขยุย\nขยุบ\nขยุบขยิบ\nขยุม\nขยุ้ม\nขยุย\nขรม\nขรรค์\nขรัว\nขริบ\nขรี\nขรึม\nขรุขระ\nขลบ\nขล้อ\nขลัง\nขลับ\nขลาด\nขลาย\nขลิบ\nขลุก\nขลุกขลัก\nขลุกขลิก\nขลุบ\nขลุม\nขลุ่ย\nขลู\nขลู่\nขวง\nข่วง\nขวด\nข่วน\nขวนขวาย\nขวบ\nขวย\nขวักไขว่\nขวัญ\nขวั้น\nขวับ\nขวับเขวียว\nขวา\nขวาก\nขวาง\nขว้าง\nขวาด\nขวาน\nขวายขวน\nขวาว\nขว้าว\nขวิด\nขอ\nข่อ\nข้อ\nของ\nข้อง\nขอด\nขอน\nข้อน\nขอบ\nขอม\nข่อย\nข้อย\nข่อยหยอง\nขะแจะ\nขะเน็ด\nขะมอมขะแมม\nขะมักเขม้น\nขะมุกขะมอม\nขะยิก\nขะยุก\nขะเย้อแขย่ง\nขัค\nขัง\nขังขอก\nขัช\nขัณฑสกร\nขัณฑสีมา\nขัด\nขัดมอน\nขัตติยมานะ\nขัน\nขั้น\nขันติ\nขันตี\nขันโตก\nขันที\nขันธ์\nขันธาวาร\nขับ\nขัว\nขั้ว\nขา\nข่า\nข้า\nขาก\nขาก๊วย\nขาง\nข่าง\nข้าง\nขาณุ\nขาด\nขาทนียะ\nขาน\nขาบ\nข้าพเจ้า\nขาม\nข่าม\nข้าม\nขาย\nข่าย\nขาล\nขาว\nข่าว\nข้าว\nข้าวอังกุลี\nขำ\nขิก\nขิง\nขิงแกลง\nขิงแครง\nขิด\nขิปสัทโท\nขิม\nขี่\nขี้\nขี้เข็บ\nขีณาสพ\nขีด\nขี้ตังนี\nขีปนาวุธ\nขี้ยอก\nขีระ\nขึง\nขึ้ง\nขึ้น\nขึ้นฉ่าย\nขืน\nขื่น\nขื่อ\nขุก\nขุด\nขุน\nขุ่น\nขุนเพ็ด\nขุม\nขุย\nขู่\nขูด\nเข\nเข้\nเขก\nเข็ง\nเข่ง\nเขจร\nเข็ญ\nเข็ด\nเขดา\nเขต\nเขน\nเข็น\nเข่น\nเขนง\nเขน็ด\nเขนย\nเขบ็จขบวน\nเขบ็ต\nเขม\nเข็ม\nเข้ม\nเข้มขาบ\nเขม็ง\nเขม็ดแขม่\nเขม่น\nเขม้น\nเขม้นขะมัก\nเขมร\nเขมา\nเขม่า\nเขมือบ\nเขย\nเขยก\nเขย่ง\nเขย้อแขย่ง\nเขย่า\nเขยิน\nเขยิบ\nเขยื้อน\nเขรอะ\nเขลง\nเขลอะ\nเขละ\nเขลา\nเขลาะ\nเขว\nเขษม\nเขฬะ\nเขะขะ\nเขา\nเข่า\nเข้า\nเขิง\nเขิน\nเขิบ\nเขี่ย\nเขียง\nเขียด\nเขียดตะปาด\nเขียน\nเขี่ยน\nเขียม\nเขียว\nเขี้ยว\nเขียะ\nเขือ\nเขือง\nเขื่อง\nเขื่อน\nเขือม\nแข\nแข้\nแขก\nแข็ง\nแข่ง\nแข้ง\nแขน\nแข่น\nแข้น\nแขนง\nแขม\nแขม็บ\nแขม่ว\nแขยง\nแขย่ง\nแขวก\nแขวง\nแขวน\nแขวะ\nโข\nโขก\nโขง\nโข่ง\nโขด\nโขดง\nโขน\nโขนง\nโขม\nโขมง\nโขมด\nโขยก\nโขยง\nโขย่ง\nโขยด\nโขลก\nโขลง\nโขลน\nโขษม\nไข\nไข่\nไข้\nไขว่\nไขว้\nคคนะ\nคคนัมพร\nคคนางค์\nคคนานต์\nคง\nคงคา\nคงไคย\nคช\nคชาชาติ\nคชาชีพ\nคชาธาร\nคชาภรณ์\nคณนา\nคณบดี\nคณะ\nคณาจารย์\nคณาธิการ\nคณาธิปไตย\nคณานับ\nคณิกา\nคณิต\nคเณศ\nคด\nคดี\nคติ\nคทา\nคน\nค้น\nคนทา\nคนทิสอ\nคนที\nคนโท\nคนธ์\nคันธ์\nคนธรรพ์\nคเนจร\nคบ\nคม\nคมน์\nคมนาการ\nคมนาคม\nคมิกภัต\nครก\nครบ\nครรชิต\nครรภ\nครรภ์\nครรลอง\nครรโลง\nครรไล\nครวญ\nครวี\nครหา\nครอก\nครอง\nครองแครง\nคร่อเงาะ\nคร่อเทียน\nครอบ\nคร่อม\nคระเมิม\nคระแลง\nคระไล\nคระแวง\nคระหน\nคระหวน\nคระหาย\nคระโหย\nครั่ง\nครั้ง\nครัดเคร่ง\nครัน\nครั่น\nครั้น\nครับ\nครัว\nครา\nคร่า\nคราก\nคราง\nคราญ\nคราด\nคร้าน\nคราบ\nคราม\nคร้าม\nครามครัน\nคราว\nคร่าว\nคราส\nครำ\nคร่ำ\nคร่ำเคร่ง\nคริปทอน\nคริสต์\nครีบ\nครีม\nครีษมายัน\nครึ\nครึกครื้น\nครึกโครม\nครึ่ง\nครึ่ด\nครึน\nครึ้ม\nครืด\nครืน\nครื้น\nครืนครั่น\nครื้นครั่น\nครื้นครึก\nครื้นเครง\nครือ\nครุ\nครุคระ\nครุฑ\nครุ่น\nครุมเครือ\nครุย\nครุวนา\nครู\nครู่\nครูด\nคฤโฆษ\nคฤนถ์\nคฤหบดี\nคฤหัสถ์\nคฤหาสน์\nคลวง\nคลอ\nคล้อ\nคลอก\nคลอง\nคล่อง\nคล้อง\nคลอด\nคลอน\nคล้อย\nคลอรีน\nคลอโรฟอร์ม\nคลอโรฟีลล์\nคละ\nคละคลุ้ง\nคลัก\nคลั่ก\nคลัง\nคลั่ง\nคลัตช์\nคลับคล้าย\nคลับคลา\nคลา\nคล้า\nคลางแคลง\nคลาด\nคลาน\nคลาย\nคล้าย\nคล้ายคลึง\nคล่าว\nคลำ\nคล่ำ\nคล้ำ\nคลิ้งโคลง\nคลิด\nคลินิก\nคลี\nคลี่\nคลึง\nคลื่น\nคลุก\nคลุ้ง\nคลุบ\nคลุม\nคลุ่ม\nคลุ้ม\nควง\nควณ\nควน\nควบ\nควย\nควร\nควัก\nควั่ก\nควั่งคว้าง\nควัน\nควั่น\nคว้า\nควาก\nคว้าง\nควาญ\nควาน\nคว้าน\nความ\nควาย\nคว่าว\nคว่ำ\nควินิน\nควิวคว่าง\nคหกรรม\nคหกรรมศาสตร์\nคหบดี\nคหัฐ\nคอ\nค้อ\nคอก\nค็อกคัส\nค็อกเทล\nคอเคซอยด์\nค่องอ้อย\nคอด\nคอแดง\nคอน\nค่อน\nค้อน\nคอนกรีต\nคอนเดนเซอร์\nคอนแวนต์\nคอนเสิร์ต\nคอม\nค่อม\nค้อม\nคอมพิวเตอร์\nคอมมานโด\nคอมมิวนิสต์\nคอย\nค่อย\nค้อย\nคอยล์\nคอร์ด\nคอแลน\nคอสติกโซดา\nคะ\nค่ะ\nคะไขว่\nคะค้อย\nคะคาน\nคะนน\nคะนอง\nคะน้า\nคะนึง\nคะเน\nคะเนงร้าย\nคะเน็ด\nคะแนน\nคะมำ\nคะยั้นคะยอ\nคะเยอ\nคัก\nคั่ก\nคัคนะ\nคัคนัมพร\nคัคนางค์\nคัคนานต์\nคั่ง\nคังไคย\nคัจฉ\nคัณฑมาลา\nคัณฑสูตร\nคัด\nคัดเค้า\nคัดมอน\nคัดเม็ง\nคัทลียา\nคัน\nคั่น\nคั้น\nคันถรจนาจารย์\nคันธกุฎี\nคันธมาทน์\nคันธารราษฎร์\nคับ\nคับค้อน\nคับคา\nคับแค\nคัพภ์\nคัมภีร์\nคัมภีรภาพ\nคัล\nคั่ว\nคา\nค่า\nค้า\nค่าคบ\nคาง\nค่าง\nค้าง\nคางคก\nค้างคาว\nคาด\nคาถา\nคาทอลิก\nคาน\nค้าน\nคาบ\nคาพยุต\nคาม\nคามวาสี\nคามณีย์\nคามภีร์\nคาย\nค่าย\nคาร์บอน\nคาร์บอเนต\nคาร์บอลิก\nคาร์บูเรเตอร์\nคาร์โบรันดัม\nคาร์โบไฮเดรต\nคารม\nคารวะ\nคาราเต้\nคาราวาน\nคาว\nค่าว\nค้าว\nคาวตอง\nคาวี\nคาวุต\nคาส\nคำ\nค่ำ\nค้ำ\nคำนวณ\nคำนวร\nคำนับ\nคำนัล\nคำนึง\nคำนูณ\nคำฝอย\nคำเพลิง\nคำรน\nคำรบ\nคำราม\nคำแสด\nคำแหง\nคำโอง\nคิก\nคิง\nคิด\nคิมหันต์\nคิรี\nคิลาน\nคิลานะ\nคิว\nคิ้ว\nคี่\nคีต\nคีบ\nคีม\nคีรี\nคีรีบูน\nคึก\nคึ่ก\nคึกคัก\nคืน\nคืบ\nคือ\nคุ\nคุก\nคุกกี้\nคุกคาม\nคุกพาทย์\nคุ้ง\nคุณ\nคุด\nคุดทะราด\nคุต\nคุตติ\nคุ่น\nคุ้น\nคุป\nคุปต์\nคุปติ\nคุม\nคุ่ม\nคุ้ม\nคุย\nคุ้ย\nคุยหฐาน\nคุยหประเทศ\nคุรุ\nคุลา\nคุลิก่า\nคุลีการ\nคุหา\nคู\nคู่\nคู้\nคูณ\nคูถ\nคูน\nคูปอง\nคูเรียม\nคูหา\nเค้ก\nเค้เก้\nเค้ง\nเคณฑะ\nเคด\nเค็ด\nเคน\nเค้น\nเคเบิล\nเค็ม\nเคมี\nเคย\nเครง\nเคร่ง\nเครงครา\nเครงครำ\nเครดิต\nเครน\nเครา\nเคร่า\nเคราหณี\nเคราะห์\nเครียด\nเครียว\nเครือ\nเครื่อง\nเคล้ง\nเคล็ด\nเคล้น\nเคล้า\nเคล่าคล่อง\nเคลิบเคลิ้ม\nเคลิ้ม\nเคลีย\nเคลื่อน\nเคลือบ\nเคว้ง\nเคหะ\nเคหา\nเคอะ\nเค้า\nเคาน์เตอร์\nเคารพ\nเคาะ\nเคาะแคะ\nเคียง\nเคียด\nเคียน\nเคียม\nเคี่ยม\nเคียร\nเคียว\nเคี่ยว\nเคี้ยว\nเคือง\nแค\nแค่\nแค้\nแคแล\nแคดเมียม\nแค็ตตาล็อก\nแคแตร\nแคโทด\nแคน\nแค่น\nแค้น\nแคบ\nแคบหมู\nแคปซูล\nแคม\nแคร่\nแครก\nแครง\nแคระ\nแคลคูลัส\nแคลง\nแคลเซียม\nแคลน\nแคล้ว\nแคล่วคล่อง\nแคลอรี\nแคลิฟอร์เนียม\nแคว\nแควก\nแคว้น\nแคแสด\nแคะ\nโค\nโคก\nโคเคน\nโค่ง\nโค้ง\nโคจร\nโคเซแคนต์\nโคไซน์\nโคตร\nโคแทนเจนต์\nโคธา\nโคน\nโค่น\nโคบอลต์\nโคปผกะ\nโคม\nโคม่า\nโครก\nโครกคราก\nโครง\nโคร่ง\nโคร่งคร่าง\nโครม\nโครเมียม\nโครโมโซม\nโคราช\nโครำ\nโคล\nโคลง\nโคลน\nโควตา\nโคออร์ดิเนต\nใคร\nใคร่\nใคร่ครวญ\nไค\nไค้\nไคร้\nไคร้เครือ\nไคล\nไคล้\nฆนะ\nฆราวาส\nฆ้อง\nฆ่า\nฆาต\nฆาน\nฆานินทรีย์\nเฆี่ยน\nโฆรวิส\nโฆษก\nโฆษณา\nโฆษะ\nโฆษ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nเฉ่ง\nเฉด\nเฉท\nเฉนียน\nเฉพาะ\nเฉย\nเฉลย\nเฉลว\nเฉลา\nเฉลิม\nเฉลี่ย\nเฉลียง\nเฉลี่ยง\nเฉลียบ\nเฉลียว\nเฉวียง\nเฉวียน\nเฉอะแฉะ\nเฉา\nเฉาก๊วย\nเฉาฮื้อ\nเฉาะ\nเฉิด\nเฉิบ\nเฉียง\nเฉียงพร้านางแอ\nเฉียด\nเฉียบ\nเฉียว\nเฉี่ยว\nเฉือน\nเฉื่อย\nแฉ\nแฉ่\nแฉก\nแฉง\nแฉ่ง\nแฉลบ\nแฉล้ม\nแฉะ\nโฉ\nโฉ่\nโฉเก\nโฉ่งฉ่าง\nโฉงเฉง\nโฉด\nโฉนด\nโฉบ\nโฉเบ๊\nโฉม\nโฉลก\nไฉน\nไฉไล\nชก\nชคัตตรัย\nชง\nชงโค\nชงฆ์\nชงฆา\nชงโลง\nชฎา\nชฎามังษี\nชฎามังสี\nชฎิล\nชด\nชน\nชนก\nชนนี\nชนม์\nชนวน\nชนะ\nชนัก\nชนา\nชนาง\nชนิด\nชเนตตี\nชบา\nชม\nชมดชม้อย\nชมนาด\nชมพู\nชมพู่\nชมรม\nชม้อย\nชม้าย\nชไม\nชยา\nชโย\nชรทึง\nชรริน\nชรอุ่ม\nชระล้ำ\nชระลุ\nชระอาบ\nชระเอม\nชรัด\nชรา\nชล\nชโลง\nชโลม\nช่วง\nชวด\nชวน\nชวย\nช่วย\nชวร\nชวลิต\nชวา\nชวาล\nชวาลา\nช่อ\nชอก\nช็อก\nช็อกโกเลต\nช็อกโกแลต\nชอง\nช่อง\nช้อง\nชองระอา\nชอน\nช่อน\nช้อน\nชอบ\nชอม\nช้อย\nชอล์ก\nชอ่ำ\nชอุ่ม\nชะ\nชะคราม\nชะงอก\nชะง่อน\nชะงัก\nชะงัด\nชะง้ำ\nชะงุ้ม\nชะเง้อ\nชะเงื้อม\nชะแง้\nชะโงก\nชะฉ่า\nชะช่อง\nชะชะ\nชะช้า\nชะโด\nชะตา\nชะต้า\nชะนี\nชะเนาะ\nชะเนียง\nชะพลู\nชะเพลิง\nชะมด\nชะมบ\nชะมวง\nชะมัง\nชะมัด\nชะแม่\nชะรอย\nชะลอ\nชะลอม\nชะล่า\nชะลาน\nชะลิน\nชะลูด\nชะเลง\nชะเลย\nชะแล็ก\nชะแลง\nชะวาก\nชะวาด\nชะเวิกชะวาก\nชะแวง\nชะอม\nชะอ้อน\nชะเอม\nชะโอน\nชัก\nชักคราม\nชักช้า\nชัง\nชั่ง\nชังคา\nชังฆ\nชัชวาล\nชัฏ\nชัด\nชัดช้า\nชัน\nชั้น\nชันกาด\nชันชี\nชันตุ\nชันนะตุ\nชันนุ\nชันโรง\nชันษา\nชันสูตร\nชัปนะ\nชัพ\nชัมพูนท\nชัย\nชัยพฤกษ์\nชัยภูมิ\nชัลลุกา\nชั่ว\nชั้ว\nชัวชม\nชา\nช้า\nชาคระ\nชาคริต\nชาคริยานุโยค\nช่าง\nช้าง\nช้าช่อน\nชาญ\nชาด\nชาดก\nชาต\nชาตบุษย์\nชาตรี\nชาตะ\nชาตา\nชาติ\nชาน\nชานุ\nช้าปี่\nชาปีไหน\nช้าแป้น\nช้าพลู\nชาม\nชามพูนท\nชามาดร\nชามาดา\nชามาตุ\nชาย\nชายา\nชาล\nชาลา\nชาลินี\nช้าเลือด\nชาว\nชาวี\nชำ\nช่ำ\nช้ำ\nชำงัด\nชำงาย\nช่ำชอง\nชำนะ\nชำนัญ\nชำนัน\nชำนาญ\nชำนิ\nชำเนียร\nชำมะนาด\nชำมะเลียง\nชำร่วย\nชำระ\nช้ำรั่ว\nชำรุด\nชำเรา\nชำเราะ\nชำแรก\nชำแระ\nชำเลือง\nชำแหละ\nชิ\nชิง\nชิ่ง\nชิงชัน\nชิงช้า\nชิงช้าชาลี\nชิงชี่\nชิงฮื้อ\nชิชะ\nชิชิ\nชิณณะ\nชิด\nชิเดนทรีย์\nชิต\nชิตินทรีย์\nชิน\nชิ้น\nชินโต\nชิโนรส\nชิม\nชิมแปนซี\nชิยา\nชิรณะ\nชิระ\nชิวหา\nชิสา\nชี\nชี่\nชี้\nชีปะขาว\nชีผะขาว\nชีผ้าขาว\nชีพ\nชีฟอง\nชีรณ\nชีระ\nชีวเคมี\nชีวประวัติ\nชีวภาพ\nชีววิทยา\nชีวะ\nชีวัน\nชีวา\nชีวาตม์\nชีวาลัย\nชีวิต\nชีวิตักษัย\nชีวิน\nชีวี\nชืด\nชื่น\nชื้น\nชื่อ\nชุก\nชุกชี\nชุ้ง\nชุณห\nชุด\nชุติ\nชุน\nชุบ\nชุม\nชุ่ม\nชุมนุม\nชุมพร\nชุมพา\nชุมแพรก\nชุมรุม\nชุมแสง\nชุมเห็ด\nชุ่ย\nชุลมุน\nชุลี\nชุษณะ\nชู\nชู้\nเช็ค\nเช้ง\nเช้งวับ\nเชงเลง\nเช็ด\nเชน\nเช่น\nเชย\nเชลง\nเชลย\nเชลแล็ก\nเชลียง\nเชวง\nเชษฐะ\nเชษฐา\nเชอ\nเช่า\nเช้า\nเชาว์\nเชาวน์\nเชิง\nเชิญ\nเชิด\nเชิ้ต\nเชียง\nเชี่ยน\nเชียบ\nเชี่ยม\nเชียร\nเชียร์\nเชียว\nเชี่ยว\nเชื่อ\nเชื้อ\nเชือก\nเชื่อง\nเชือด\nเชือน\nเชื่อม\nแช\nแช่\nแช่ง\nแชงมา\nแชบ๊วย\nแช่ม\nแชร์\nแชล่ม\nแชสซี\nแชะ\nโชก\nโชค\nโชงโลง\nโชดก\nโชดึก\nโชต\nโชตก\nโชติ\nโชติก\nโชน\nโชมโรม\nโชย\nโชยงการ\nโชยชาย\nโชยติส\nโชว์\nใช่\nใช้\nไช\nไชนะ\nไชย\nไชโย\nซก\nซ่ก\nซงดำ\nซ่งฮื้อ\nซด\nซน\nซ้น\nซบ\nซม\nซวดเซ\nซวน\nซวย\nซอ\nซอก\nซอง\nซ่อง\nซ้อง\nซองแมว\nซ้องแมว\nซอน\nซ่อน\nซ้อน\nซอม\nซ่อม\nซ้อม\nซอมซ่อ\nซอย\nซอส\nซัก\nซักส้าว\nซัง\nซั้ง\nซัด\nซับ\nซัลฟา\nซั้ว\nซา\nซ่า\nซาก\nซาง\nซ่าง\nซาด\nซาน\nซ่าน\nซาบซ่าน\nซาบซึ้ง\nซ่าโบะ\nซาแมเรียม\nซ้าย\nซาลาเปา\nซาว\nซ่าหริ่ม\nซำ\nซ้ำ\nซิ\nซี\nซิก\nซิกข์\nซิกซี้\nซิกแซ็ก\nซิการ์\nซิงโคนา\nซิ่น\nซินนามิก\nซินแส\nซิบ\nซิป\nซิฟิลิส\nซิลิคอน\nซิว\nซี่\nซีก\nซีเซียม\nซีด\nซี้ด\nซีนอน\nซีป่าย\nซีเมนต์\nซีเรียม\nซีลีเนียม\nซีอิ๊ว\nซึก\nซึง\nซึ่ง\nซึ้ง\nซึม\nซื่อ\nซื้อ\nซุก\nซุง\nซุน\nซุบ\nซุป\nซุ่ม\nซุ้ม\nซุ่มซ่าม\nซุย\nซู่\nซูโครส\nซูด\nซู้ด\nซูดซาด\nซูบ\nเซ\nเซ็ก\nเซแคนต์\nเซ็ง\nเซ่ง\nเซ้ง\nเซ็งแซ่\nเซต\nเซน\nเซ็น\nเซ่น\nเซนติกรัม\nเซนติเกรด\nเซนติเมตร\nเซนติลิตร\nเซปักตะกร้อ\nเซราะ\nเซรุ่ม\nเซลเซียส\nเซลล์\nเซลลูลอยด์\nเซลลูโลส\nเซ่อ\nเซอร์โคเนียม\nเซอะ\nเซา\nเซ้าซี้\nเซาะ\nเซิง\nเซิ้ง\nเซียน\nเซียบ\nเซียมซี\nเซียว\nเซี่ยว\nเซี่ยวกาง\nเซื่อง\nแซ\nแซ่\nแซ็กคาริน\nแซง\nแซงแซว\nแซด\nแซบ\nแซม\nแซยิด\nแซ่ว\nแซะ\nโซ\nโซ่\nโซก\nโซ่ง\nโซงโขดง\nโซเซ\nโซดา\nโซเดียม\nโซม\nโซรม\nโซลา\nไซ\nไซ้\nไซเกิล\nไซโคลน\nไซน์\nไซยาไนด์\nไซร้\nไซเรน\nไซโล\nฌาน\nฌาปน\nฌาปนกิจ\nฌาปนสถาน\nเฌอ\nเฌอเอม\nญวน\nญัตติ\nญาณ\nญาติ\nญานาซะฮ์\nญิบ\nญี่ปุ่น\nเญยธรรม\nไญยธรรม\nฎีกา\nฐกัด\nฐากูร\nฐาน\nฐานะ\nฐานันดร\nฐานานุกรม\nฐานานุรูป\nฐานานุศักดิ์\nฐานียะ\nฐาปน\nฐาปนา\nฐายี\nฐิต\nฐิติ\nฑาหก\nฑาหะ\nเฒ่า\nณรงค์\nเณร\nดก\nดง\nด้ง\nด้น\nดนโด่\nดนตรี\nดนัย\nดนุ\nดนู\nดบัสวิน\nดบัสวี\nดม\nดรงค์\nดรณี\nดรรชนี\nดราฟต์\nดรุณ\nดรุณี\nดล\nดวง\nด้วง\nดวด\nด่วน\nด้วน\nด้วย\nดอก\nดอง\nด่อง\nด้อง\nดองฉาย\nดองดึง\nดอด\nดอน\nด่อน\nดอม\nด้อม\nดอย\nด้อย\nดอลลาร์\nดะ\nดะโต๊ะ\nดะหมัง\nดัก\nดักดาน\nดักแด้\nดัง\nดั่ง\nดั้ง\nดัชนี\nดัด\nดัตช์\nดัน\nดั้น\nดับ\nดัมพ์\nดั้วเดี้ย\nดัสกร\nดา\nด่า\nดาก\nด่าง\nด้าง\nดาด\nดาน\nด่าน\nด้าน\nดาบ\nดาบส\nดาม\nด้าม\nด้ามจิ้ว\nดามพ์\nดาย\nด้าย\nดารกะ\nดารณี\nดารดาษ\nดาระ\nดารา\nดาล\nดาลัด\nดาว\nด่าว\nด้าว\nดาวดึงส์\nดาวบส\nดาษ\nดาษดา\nดำ\nด่ำ\nด้ำ\nดำกล\nดำเกิง\nดำแคง\nดำดง\nดำนาณ\nดำเนิน\nดำบล\nดำรง\nดำรวจ\nดำรัส\nดำริ\nดำรี\nดำรู\nดำฤษณา\nดำเลิง\nดิก\nดิ่ง\nดิฉัน\nดิฐ\nดิตถ์\nดิถี\nดิน\nดิ้น\nดิบ\nดิรัจฉาน\nดิลก\nดิ่ว\nดิ้ว\nดิ้วเดี้ยว\nดิษฐ์\nดิสโพรเซียม\nดี\nดีเซล\nดีด\nดีดีที\nดีบุก\nดีปลี\nดีเปรสชัน\nดีหมี\nดีหลี\nดึก\nดึง\nดึ่ง\nดึ่ม\nดื่น\nดื่ม\nดือ\nดื้อ\nดุ\nดุก\nดุกดิก\nดุกทะเล\nดุ้ง\nดุ้งดิ้ง\nดุจ\nดุด\nดุน\nดุ้น\nดุบ\nดุม\nดุ่ม\nดุ่ย\nดุรงค์\nดุริยะ\nดุริยางค์\nดุริยางคศาสตร์\nดุริยางคศิลป์\nดุล\nดุษฎี\nดุษณี\nดุษณีภาพ\nดุษิต\nดุสิต\nดุเหว่า\nดู\nดูกค่าง\nดูกร\nดูด\nดูรา\nดูแล\nเด\nเด่\nเดก\nเด็ก\nเดกซ์โทรส\nเดคากรัม\nเดคาเมตร\nเดคาลิตร\nเด้ง\nเด็จ\nเดช\nเดชน์\nเดชนะ\nเดชะ\nเดโช\nเดซิกรัม\nเดซิเมตร\nเดซิลิตร\nเด็ด\nเดน\nเด่น\nเดนมาร์ก\nเดรัจฉาน\nเด๋อ\nเด๋อด๋า\nเดา\nเด้า\nเดาะ\nเดิน\nเดิ่น\nเดิม\nเดียง\nเดียด\nเดียรดาษ\nเดียรถีย์\nเดียรัจฉาน\nเดียว\nเดี่ยว\nเดี๋ยว\nเดียะ\nเดื่อ\nเดือก\nเดื่อง\nเดือด\nเดือน\nเดือย\nแด\nแด่\nแดก\nแด็ก\nแดกงา\nแดกแด้\nแดง\nแดด\nแดน\nแด่น\nแด่ว\nแดะ\nแดะแด๋\nโด\nโด่\nโดกเดก\nโด่ง\nโดด\nโดน\nโดม\nโดมร\nโดย\nโดรณ\nใด\nได\nได้\nไดแซ็กคาไรด์\nไดนาโม\nไดนาไมต์\nไดโนเสาร์\nไดเรกตริกซ์\nตก\nต๊กโต\nตง\nต๋ง\nตงฉิน\nตงิด\nตงุ่น\nตด\nตติย\nตถาคต\nตน\nต้น\nตนัย\nตนุ\nตบ\nตบะ\nตปนียะ\nตม\nต้ม\nตมูก\nตยาคี\nตรง\nตรณี\nตรม\nตรรก\nตรรกะ\nตรลบ\nตรลอด\nตรลาด\nตรวจ\nตรวน\nตรอก\nตรอง\nตรอมใจ\nตรอมตรม\nตระ\nตระกล\nตระกวน\nตระกอง\nตระการ\nตระกูล\nตระคัร\nตระเตรียม\nตระนาว\nตระบก\nตระบอก\nตระบอง\nตระบัด\nตระบัน\nตระเบ็ง\nตระแบก\nตระแบง\nตระโบม\nตระพอง\nตระพัง\nตระลาการ\nตระวัน\nตระเว็ด\nตระเวน\nตระสัก\nตระหง่าน\nตระหนก\nตระหนัก\nตระหน่ำ\nตระหนี่\nตรัง\nตรังค์\nตรับ\nตรับฟัง\nตรัย\nตรัยตรึงศ์\nตรัส\nตรัสสา\nตรา\nตรากตรำ\nตราชู\nตราบ\nตราสัง\nตรำ\nตริ\nตริว\nตรี\nตรีปวาย\nตรีพิธพรรณ\nตรียัมปวาย\nตรึก\nตรึง\nตรุ\nตรุณ\nตรุณะ\nตรุษ\nตรู\nตรู่\nตฤณ\nตฤตีย\nตฤษณา\nตลก\nตลบ\nตลอด\nตลับ\nตลาด\nตลิ่ง\nตลึง\nตวง\nต่วน\nต้วมเตี้ยม\nตวัก\nตวัด\nตวาด\nตอ\nตอม่อ\nต่อ\nต้อ\nตอก\nต๊อก\nต๊อกต๋อย\nตอง\nต้อง\nตองกราย\nต้องเต\nตองแตก\nต่องแต่ง\nตองเหลือง\nตอด\nตอน\nต้อน\nตอบ\nตอเบา\nตอม\nต่อม\nต๋อม\nต่อย\nต้อย\nต้อยตริ่ง\nต้อยติ่ง\nต้อยตีวิด\nตอแย\nตอร์ปิโด\nต่อไส้\nตอแหล\nตะ\nตะกรน\nตะกร้อ\nตะกรัน\nตะกรับ\nตะกร้า\nตะกราม\nตะกรุด\nตะกรุม\nตะกรุมตะกราม\nตะกละ\nตะกลาม\nตะกวด\nตะกอ\nตะกอน\nตะกัง\nตะกั่ว\nตะกาง\nตะกาด\nตะกาย\nตะกาว\nตะกุกตะกัก\nตะกุย\nตะกู\nตะกูด\nตะเกียกตะกาย\nตะเกียง\nตะเกียบ\nตะแก\nตะแก่\nตะแกรง\nตะโก\nตะโก้\nตะโกก\nตะโกน\nตะโกรง\nตะโกรม\nตะไกร\nตะขบ\nตะขอ\nตะขาบ\nตะขิดตะขวง\nตะเข้\nตะเข็บ\nตะโขง\nตะคร้อ\nตะครอง\nตะครั่นตะครอ\nตะคร้ำ\nตะคริว\nตะคิว\nตะครุบ\nตะคอก\nตะคัน\nตะค้า\nตะคาก\nตะค้าน\nตะคุ่ม\nตะเครียว\nตะเคียว\nตะเคียน\nตะแคง\nตะไคร่\nตะไคร้\nตะเฆ่\nตะนอย\nตะนาว\nตะบม\nตะบอง\nตะบอย\nตะบัน\nตะบิ้ง\nตะบิด\nตะบิดตะบอย\nตะบี้ตะบัน\nตะบึง\nตะบูน\nตะเบ็ง\nตะเบ็งมาน\nตะเบ๊ะ\nตะแบก\nตะแบง\nตะโบม\nตะไบ\nตะปบ\nตะปลิง\nตะปิ้ง\nตะปุ่มตะป่ำ\nตะปู\nตะพง\nตะพด\nตะพอง\nตะพัก\nตะพัง\nตะพัด\nตะพั้น\nตะพาก\nตะพาน\nตะพาบ\nตะพาย\nตะพึด\nตะพึดตะพือ\nตะพุ่น\nตะเพรา\nตะเพิง\nตะเพิด\nตะเพียน\nตะโพก\nตะโพง\nตะโพน\nตะเภา\nตะใภ้\nตะม่อ\nตะมอย\nตะรังกะนู\nตะรังตังกวาง\nตะรังตังช้าง\nตะราง\nตะลอง\nตะลอน\nตะล่อม\nตะละ\nตะลาน\nตะลิงปลิง\nตะลิบ\nตะลีตะลาน\nตะลึง\nตะลึงพรึงเพริด\nตะลุง\nตะลุ่ม\nตะลุ่มนก\nตะลุมบอน\nตะลุ่มโปง\nตะลุมพอ\nตะลุมพุก\nตะลุย\nตะเลง\nตะแลงแกง\nตะไล\nตะวัน\nตะเวน\nตะหลิว\nตะหลุก\nตะหลุง\nตะแหง่ว\nตะแหมะแขะ\nตะโหงก\nตัก\nตักกะ\nตักเตือน\nตั๊กแตน\nตักษัย\nตัง\nตั่ง\nตั้ง\nตังเก\nตังฉ่าย\nตังเม\nตังวาย\nตังโอ๋\nตัจฉก\nตัจฉนี\nตัณฑุล\nตัณหา\nตัด\nตัน\nตันตระ\nตันติ\nตันหยง\nตับ\nตับปิ้ง\nตัว\nตั๋ว\nตัวจี๊ด\nตัวตืด\nตั้วโผ\nตั้วเหี่ย\nตา\nตาก\nตากวาง\nต่าง\nตาด\nตาน\nต่าน\nต้าน\nตานนกกด\nตานี\nตาบ\nตาม\nตามะแน\nตามิน\nตาย\nตาราไต\nตาล\nตาลุ\nต๋าว\nตาเสือ\nตาหนู\nตาฬ\nตำ\nต่ำ\nตำนาน\nตำบล\nตำแบ\nตำแย\nตำรวจ\nตำรับ\nตำรา\nตำรุ\nตำลึง\nตำเสา\nตำหนัก\nตำหนิ\nตำแหน่ง\nติ\nติก\nติ๊ก\nติกะ\nติกาหรัง\nติง\nติ่ง\nติ๋ง\nติ่งตั่ง\nติ๋งต่าง\nติงส\nติงสติ\nติณ\nติด\nติตติกะ\nติตติร\nติตถ\nติตถะ\nติถี\nติมิงคละ\nติรัจฉาน\nติลก\nติละ\nติ้ว\nตี\nตี่\nตีน\nตีบ\nตีรถะ\nตีระ\nตึ\nตึก\nตึ้ก\nตึ้กตั้ก\nตึง\nตึดตื๋อ\nตึ๊ดตื๋อ\nตืด\nตื่น\nตื้น\nตื้อ\nตื๊อ\nตื๋อ\nตุ\nตุ๊\nตุ๊กแก\nตุ๊กตา\nตุ๊กต่ำ\nตุกติก\nตุ๊กติ๊ก\nตุ๊กตุ่น\nตุ๊กตุ๋ย\nตุง\nตุ้งก่า\nตุ้งติ้ง\nตุ๊ดตู่\nตุน\nตุ่น\nตุ๋น\nตุนาหงัน\nตุบ\nตุ้บ\nตุ๊บป่อง\nตุปัดตุป่อง\nตุปัดตุเป๋\nตุ่ม\nตุ้ม\nตุ๋ม\nตุ้มกว้าว\nตุมกา\nตุ้มแซะ\nตุมตัง\nตุ้มเต๋น\nตุ้มปี่\nตุมพะ\nตุ่ย\nตุ้ย\nตุ๊ย\nตุ๋ยตุ่ย\nตุรคะ\nตุรงค์\nตุล\nตุลา\nตุหรัดตุเหร่\nตู\nตู่\nตู้\nตูก\nตูด\nตูบ\nตูม\nเต๊ก\nเต็ง\nเต่ง\nเตช\nเตโช\nเต้น\nเต็นท์\nเต็ม\nเตย\nเตร่\nเตร็ด\nเตรตา\nเตรียม\nเตรียมตรม\nเตละ\nเตลิด\nเตว็ด\nเต่อ\nเตอะ\nเตะ\nเตา\nเต่า\nเต้า\nเต๋า\nเต่าเกียด\nเต้าเจี้ยว\nเต้าทึง\nเต้าหู้\nเต้าฮวย\nเต๊าะ\nเตาะแตะ\nเติ่ง\nเติบ\nเติม\nเตี้ย\nเตียง\nเตียน\nเตียบ\nเตี๋ยม\nเตียรถ์\nเตียว\nเตี่ยว\nเตือน\nแต่\nแต้\nแตก\nแตง\nแต่ง\nแตงเม\nแต้จิ๋ว\nแตด\nแต๊ดแต๋\nแตน\nแต้ม\nแตร\nแตระ\nแต้ว\nแต้วแร้ว\nแต้วแล้ว\nแต่ว่า\nแต้แว้ด\nแตะ\nโต\nโต้\nโตก\nโต่ง\nโต้ง\nโตงเตง\nโตฎก\nโต๊ด\nโตน\nโตนด\nโต้โผ\nโตมร\nโตย\nโตรก\nโต๊ะ\nใต้\nไต\nไต่\nไต้\nไต๋\nไตร\nไตรกิศยา\nไตรดายุค\nไตร่ตรอง\nไตรย\nไต้หวัน\nถก\nถกล\nถงาด\nถด\nถนน\nถนอม\nถนัด\nถนัน\nถนำ\nถนิม\nถม\nถ่ม\nถมอ\nถมึงทึง\nถลก\nถลกบาตร\nถลน\nถล่ม\nถลอก\nถลัน\nถลา\nถลาก\nถลาย\nถลำ\nถลึงตา\nถลุง\nถ่วง\nถ้วน\nถ้วย\nถวัล\nถวัลย์\nถวาย\nถวิน\nถวิล\nถ่อ\nถ้อ\nถอก\nถอง\nถ่อง\nถ้อง\nถอด\nถอน\nถอบ\nถอบแถบ\nถ่อม\nถอย\nถ่อย\nถ้อย\nถะ\nถะถั่น\nถะมัดถะแมง\nถัก\nถัง\nถั่ง\nถัด\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นยา\nบิลเลียด\nบิวเรตต์\nบิสมัท\nบี้\nบีฑา\nบีตา\nบีบ\nบีเยศ\nบึก\nบึกบึน\nบึง\nบึ่ง\nบึ้ง\nบุ\nบุก\nบุคคล\nบุคลากร\nบุคลาธิษฐาน\nบุคลิก\nบุง\nบุ่ง\nบุ้ง\nบุ้งกี๋\nบุญ\nบุญญาธิการ\nบุญญานุภาพ\nบุญญาภินิหาร\nบุญญาภิสังขาร\nบุณฑริก\nบุณมี\nบุณย์\nบุตร\nบุตรี\nบุถุชน\nบุทคล\nบุนนาค\nบุบ\nบุบบิบ\nบุปผชาติ\nบุพกรรม\nบุพการี\nบุพกิจ\nบุพชาติ\nบุพทักษิณ\nบุพนิมิต\nบุพบท\nบุพพาจารย์\nบุพเพสันนิวาส\nบุพโพ\nบุ๋ม\nบุ่มบ่าม\nบุ้ย\nบุรณะ\nบุรพทิศ\nบุรพบท\nบุรพาจารย์\nบูรพาจารย์\nบุระ\nบุราณ\nบุรินทร์\nบุริมทิศ\nบุริมพรรษา\nบุริมสิทธิ\nบุรี\nบุรุษ\nบุโรทั่ง\nบุษกร\nบุษบก\nบุษบง\nบุษบัน\nบุษบา\nบุษบามินตรา\nบุษปราค\nบุษปะ\nบุษย์\nบุษย์น้ำทอง\nบุษยมาส\nบุษยะ\nบุษราคัม\nบุหงัน\nบุหงา\nบุหรง\nบุหรี่\nบุหลัน\nบู่\nบู้\nบูชนียสถาน\nบูชา\nบูชิต\nบูด\nบูดู\nบูร\nบูรณ์\nบูรณภาพ\nบูรณมี\nบูรณะ\nบูรณาการ\nบูรพ์\nบูรพะ\nบูรพา\nเบ้\nเบ่ง\nเบ๊จี๋\nเบญกานี\nเบญจกัลยาณี\nเบญจกามคุณ\nเบญจขันธ์\nเบญจดุริยางค์\nเบญจธรรม\nเบญจบรรพต\nเบญจพรรณ\nเบญจเพส\nเบญจมาศ\nเบญจรงค์\nเบญจศก\nเบญจศีล\nเบญจะ\nเบญจา\nเบญจางค์\nเบญจางคประดิษฐ์\nเบญญา\nเบญพาด\nเบ็ด\nเบ็ดเตล็ด\nเบ็ดเสร็จ\nเบน\nเบนซิน\nเบรก\nเบริลเลียม\nเบส\nเบ้อ\nเบอร์\nเบอร์คีเลียม\nเบ้อเร่อ\nเบ้อเร่อเท่อ\nเบ้อเริ่ม\nเบ้อเริ่มเทิ่ม\nเบอะ\nเบอะบะ\nเบะ\nเบา\nเบ้า\nเบาราณ\nเบาะ\nเบิก\nเบิ่ง\nเบี้ย\nเบี่ยง\nเบียด\nเบียน\nเบียร์\nเบี้ยว\nเบือ\nเบื่อ\nเบื้อ\nเบื้อง\nเบือน\nแบ\nแบ้\nแบก\nแบคทีเรีย\nแบ่ง\nแบงก์\nแบดมินตัน\nแบตเตอรี่\nแบน\nแบนโจ\nแบบ\nแบ็บ\nแบเรียม\nแบหลา\nแบะ\nโบ\nโบ้\nโบ๋\nโบก\nโบกขรณี\nโบกขรพรรษ\nโบชุก\nโบต\nโบนัส\nโบ๊เบ๊\nโบย\nโบรมีน\nโบรอน\nโบราณ\nโบสถ์\nใบ\nใบ้\nไบ่\nปก\nปกติ\nปกรณ์\nปกรณัม\nปกิณกะ\nปกีรณัม\nปโกฏิ\nปง\nป่ง\nปงช้าง\nปฎล\nปฏัก\nปฏิกรณ์\nปฏิกรรม\nปฏิการะ\nปฏิกิริยา\nปฏิกูล\nปฏิคม\nปฏิคหิต\nปฏิคาหก\nปฏิฆะ\nปฏิชีวนะ\nปฏิญญา\nปฏิญาณ\nปฏิทิน\nปฏิบถ\nปฏิบัติ\nปฏิปทา\nปฏิปักษ์\nปฏิปัน\nปฏิปุจฉาพยากรณ์\nปฏิปุจฉาวาที\nปฏิพัทธ์\nปฏิพากย์\nปฏิภาค\nปฏิภาณ\nปฏิมา\nปฏิมากร\nปฏิยุทธ์\nปฏิรพ\nปฏิรูป\nปฏิโลม\nปฏิวัติ\nปฏิวาต\nปฏิวาท\nปฏิเวธ\nปฏิสนธิ\nปฏิสวะ\nปฏิสังขรณ์\nปฏิสันถาร\nปฏิสัมภิทา\nปฏิเสธ\nปฐพี\nปฐม\nปฐวี\nปณต\nปณาม\nปณิธาน\nปณิธิ\nปณีต\nปด\nปดิวรัดา\nปติ\nปถพี\nปถมัง\nปถวี\nปทัฏฐาน\nปทัสถาน\nปทานุกรม\nปทีป\nปทุม\nปน\nป่น\nปนัดดา\nปปัญจะ\nปม\nปรนัย\nปรปักษ์\nปรโลก\nปรวาที\nปรก\nปรกติ\nปรง\nปรตยักษ์\nปรน\nปรนนิบัติ\nปรนิมมิตวสวัตดี\nปรบ\nปรปักษ์\nปรมัตถ์\nปรมาจารย์\nปรมาณู\nปรมาภิไธย\nปรมาภิเษก\nปรมินทร์\nบรเมนทร์\nปรเมศวร์\nปรเมษฐ์\nปรวด\nปรวนแปร\nปรศุ\nปรสิต\nปร๋อ\nปรองดอง\nปรอด\nปรอท\nปรอย\nประ\nประกบ\nประกฤต\nประกฤติ\nประกล\nประกวด\nประกวดประขัน\nประกอบ\nประกัน\nประกับ\nประกาย\nประกายพรึก\nประการ\nประกาศ\nประกาศนียบัตร\nประกาศิต\nประกำ\nประกิด\nประกิต\nประคด\nประคนธรรพ\nประคนธรรพ์\nประคบ\nประคบประหงม\nประคอง\nประคับประคอง\nประคัลภ์\nประคำ\nประคิ่น\nประคุณ\nประเคน\nประเคราะห์\nประโคน\nประโคนธรรพ\nประโคนธรรพ์\nประโคม\nประจง\nประจญ\nประจบ\nประจบประแจง\nประจวบ\nประจ๋อประแจ๋\nประจักษ์\nประจักษนิยม\nประจัญ\nประจัน\nประจาก\nประจาค\nประจาน\nประจำ\nประจิม\nประจิ้มประเจ๋อ\nประจุ\nประจุคมน์\nประจุบัน\nประเจก\nประเจิด\nประเจิดประเจ้อ\nประเจียด\nประแจ\nประชด\nประชน\nประชวม\nประชวร\nประชัน\nประชา\nประชาธิปไตย\nประชิด\nประชี\nประชุม\nประเชิญ\nประณต\nประณม\nประณาม\nประณิธาน\nประณิธิ\nประณีต\nประณุท\nประดง\nประดน\nประดวน\nประดอน\nประดอย\nประดัก\nประดักประเดิด\nประดัง\nประดับ\nประดา\nประดาก\nประดาป\nประดาษ\nประดิชญา\nประดิดประดอย\nประดิทิน\nประดิษฐ์\nประดิษฐกรรม\nประดิษฐาน\nประดุง\nประดุจ\nประดู่\nประเด\nประเด็น\nประเดิม\nประเดียง\nประเดี๋ยว\nประเดี๋ยวประด๋าว\nประแดง\nประแดะ\nประโดง\nประโดย\nประตง\nประตัก\nประตาป\nประติชญา\nประติญาณ\nประติทิน\nประติมากร\nประติมากรรม\nประติรพ\nประตู\nประถม\nประถมจินดา\nประทม\nประท้วง\nประทวน\nประทักษ์\nประทักษิณ\nประทัง\nประทัด\nประทับ\nประทาน\nประทาย\nประทาศี\nประทิน\nประทิ่น\nประทีป\nประทุฐ\nประทุน\nประทุษ\nประทุษฐ์\nประเทศ\nประเทา\nประเทียด\nประเทียบ\nประเทือง\nประธาน\nประธานาธิบดี\nประนม\nประนอ\nประนอม\nประนัง\nประนัปดา\nประนีประนอม\nประปราน\nประปราย\nประปา\nประเปรี้ยง\nประเปรียว\nประพจน์\nประพนธ์\nประพรม\nประพฤติ\nประพฤทธิ์\nประพัด\nประพัทธ์\nประพันธ์\nประพาต\nประพาส\nประพาสมหรณพ\nประพาฬ\nประพิณ\nประพิมพ์ประพาย\nประพุทธ์\nประเพณี\nประโพธ\nประไพ\nประไพร\nประภพ\nประภัสสร\nประภา\nประภาคาร\nประภาพ\nประภาษ\nประภาส\nประเภท\nประมง\nประมวล\nประมาณ\nประมาท\nประมุข\nประมุท\nประมูล\nประเมิน\nประโมง\nประโมทย์\nประยงค์\nประยุกต์\nประยุทธ์\nประยุร\nประยูร\nประโยค\nประโยชน์\nประโรหิต\nประลมพ์\nประลอง\nประลัย\nประลาต\nประลาย\nประลุ\nประเล่ห์\nประเล้าประโลม\nประโลม\nประวรรต\nประวรรตน์\nประวัติ\nประวาล\nประวาลปัทม์\nประวาส\nประวิง\nประวิช\nประวิตร\nประวิน\nประวีณ\nประเวณี\nประเวศ\nประเวศน์\nประศม\nประศาสน์\nประศุ\nประสก\nประสงค์\nประสบ\nประสพ\nประสม\nประสะ\nประสัก\nประสันนาการ\nประสัยห์\nประสา\nประสาท\nประสาธน์\nประสาน\nประสาร\nประสิทธิ์\nประสิทธิผล\nประสิทธิภาพ\nประสีประสา\nประสูต\nประสูติ\nประเสบัน\nประเสบันอากง\nประเสริฐ\nประหนึ่ง\nประหม่า\nประหยัด\nประหลาด\nประหล่ำ\nประหวัด\nประหวั่น\nประหัตประหาร\nประหาณ\nประหาร\nประเหล\nประเหส\nประไหมสุหรี\nประอบ\nประอร\nปรัก\nปรักปรำ\nปรักมะ\nปรัง\nปรัชญา\nปรัตถจริยา\nปรัตยุบัน\nปรัน\nปรับ\nปรัมปรา\nปรัศจิม\nปรัศนา\nปรัศนี\nปรัศว์\nปรัสสบท\nปร่า\nปรากฏ\nปรากรม\nปรากฤต\nปราการ\nปราง\nปรางค์\nปราจีน\nปราชญ์\nปราชญา\nปราชัย\nปราณ\nปราณี\nปราด\nปราน\nปรานี\nปราบ\nปราบดาภิเษก\nปราปต์\nปราม\nปรามาส\nปราโมช\nปราโมทย์\nปราย\nปรารถนา\nปรารภ\nปรารมภ์\nปราศ\nปราศจาก\nปราศรัย\nปราษณี\nปราษาณ\nปราสัย\nปราสาท\nปรำ\nปริ\nปริก\nปริกขาร\nปริกรรม\nปริกัป\nปริคณห์\nปริจาค\nปริจาริกา\nปริเฉท\nปริชน\nปริซึม\nปริญญา\nปริณาม\nปริณายก\nปริต\nปริตตะ\nปริตโตทก\nปริตร\nปริทรรศน์\nปริทัยหัคคี\nปริทัศน์\nปริเทพ\nปริเทวะ\nปรินิพพาน\nปริบ\nปริบท\nปริปันถ์\nปริพนธ์\nปริพัตร\nปริพันธ์\nปริพาชก\nปริภัณฑ์\nปริภาษ\nปริภูมิ\nปริโภค\nปริ่ม\nปริมณฑล\nปริมาณ\nปริมาตร\nปริยัติ\nปริยานุช\nปริยาย\nปริเยศ\nปริโยสาน\nปริวรรต\nปริวัตร\nปริวาร\nปริวาส\nปริวิตก\nปริเวณ\nปริศนา\nปริษัท\nปริสัญญู\nปริสุทธิ\nปริหาน\nปริหาร\nปรี่\nปรีชญา\nปรีชา\nปรี๊ด\nปรีดา\nปรีดิ\nปรีดิ์\nปรีดี\nปรีติ\nปรียะ\nปรียา\nปรึก\nปรึกษา\nปรึง\nปรือ\nปรื๋อ\nปรุ\nปรุง\nปรู\nปรู๋\nปรูด\nปรู๊ด\nปรู๊ดปร๊าด\nปรู๊ฟ\nปฤงคพ\nปฤจฉา\nปฤษฎางค์\nปฤษฐ\nปลก\nปลกเปลี้ย\nปลง\nปล่ง\nปลด\nปล้น\nปลวก\nปลอก\nปล่อง\nปล้อง\nปลอด\nปล้อน\nปลอบ\nปลอม\nปล่อย\nปละ\nปลัก\nปลั๊ก\nปลัง\nปลั่ง\nปลัด\nปลัดขิก\nปลา\nปลาต\nปลาบ\nปลาย\nปลาสเตอร์\nปลาสนาการ\nปล้ำ\nปลิง\nปลิด\nปลิ้น\nปลิโพธ\nปลิม\nปลิ่ม\nปลิว\nปลี\nปลีก\nปลื้ม\nปลุก\nปลูก\nปวกเปียก\nปวง\nป่วง\nปวด\nป่วน\nป้วน\nป้วนเปี้ยน\nป่วย\nปวัตน์\nปวารณา\nปวาล\nปวาส\nปวาฬ\nปวิช\nปวิตร\nปวิธ\nปวิเวก\nปวีณ\nปวุติ\nปเวณี\nปเวส\nปเวสน์\nปศุ\nปสันนะ\nปสันนาการ\nปสาท\nปสาน\nปสาสน์\nปสุ\nปสุต\nปสูติ\nปหังสนะ\nปหาน\nปหาร\nปหาส\nปอ\nป้อ\nป๋อ\nปอก\nปอง\nป่อง\nป้อง\nปอด\nปอน\nป้อน\nปอนด์\nปอเนาะ\nปอบ\nป้อแป้\nปอม\nป้อม\nป๋อม\nปอย\nป้อย\nป้อยอ\nปะ\nปะกน\nปะกัง\nปะการัง\nปะกำ\nปะขาว\nปะงาบ\nปะตาปา\nปะตาระกาหลา\nปะติดปะต่อ\nปะติยาน\nปะทะ\nปะทะปะทัง\nปะทุ\nปะทุน\nปะปน\nปะมง\nปะราลี\nปะรำ\nปะไร\nปะลอม\nปะเลง\nปะแล่ม\nปะโลง\nปะวะหล่ำ\nปะหงับ\nปะหนัน\nปะหัง\nปะเหลาะ\nปัก\nปักข์\nปักเป้า\nปักษ์\nปักษา\nปักษิน\nปักษี\nปัง\nปั๋ง\nปังสุ์\nปังสุกุล\nปัจจัตตะ\nปัจจันต์\nปัจจันตคาม\nปัจจันตชนบท\nปัจจันตประเทศ\nปัจจัย\nปัจจามิตร\nปัจจุคมน์\nปัจจุทธรณ์\nปัจจุบัน\nปัจจุสมัย\nปัจเจก\nปัจโจปการกิจ\nปัจฉา\nปัจฉิม\nปัจถรณ์\nปัจนึก\nปัจยาการ\nปัจเวกขณ์\nปัชชุน\nปัญจนที\nปัญจวัคคีย์\nปัญจก\nปัญจกะ\nปัญจมี\nปัญจวีสติ\nปัญญัติ\nปัญญา\nปัญหา\nปัฏ\nปัฏนะ\nปัฐยาวัต\nปัณฑรหัตถี\nปัณณะ\nปัณณาส\nปัณณาสก์\nปัณรสี\nปัณหิ\nปัด\nปัตคาด\nปัตตะ\nปัตตานึก\nปัตตานุโมทนา\nปัตตาเวีย\nปัตติ\nปัตติก\nปัตถร\nปัตถะ\nปัตนิ\nปัตนี\nปัตหล่า\nปัถพี\nปัถวี\nปัทม์\nปัทมะ\nปัทมาสน์\nปัน\nปั่น\nปั้น\nปั้นจั่น\nปันจุเหร็จ\nปั้นลม\nปั้นหยา\nปั้นเหน่ง\nปับ\nปั๊บ\nปัปผาสะ\nปัพพาชนียกรรม\nปัพภาระ\nปั๊ม\nปัยกา\nปัยยิกา\nปัวเปีย\nปัศจิม\nปัศตัน\nปัสสาวะ\nปัสสาสะ\nปา\nป่า\nป้า\nปาก\nปาง\nป้าง\nปาจรีย์\nปาจิตตีย์\nปาจีน\nปาฏลิ\nปาฏิบท\nปาฏิบุคลิก\nปาฏิโภค\nปาฏิหาริย์\nปาฐก\nปาฐกถา\nปาฐะ\nปาณกชาติ\nปาณะ\nปาณาติบาต\nปาณิ\nปาณี\nปาด\nปาติโมกข์\nปาตี\nปาเต๊ะ\nปาท่องโก๋\nปาทังกา\nปาทาน\nปาทุกา\nปาน\nป่าน\nป้าน\nปานะ\nปานียะ\nป้าบ\nป๊าบ\nปาพจน์\nปาม\nปาโมกข์\nป่าย\nป้าย\nปายาส\nปาร์เกต์\nปารมี\nปารเมศ\nปาราชิก\nปาริฉัตร\nปาริชาต\nปารุสกวัน\nปาล\nปาล์ม\nปาลิไลยก์\nปาลี\nปาว\nป่าว\nป๊าว\nปาวาร\nปาษาณ\nปาส\nปาสาณ\nปาสาทิกะ\nปาหนัน\nปาหี่\nปำ\nป้ำ\nป้ำเป๋อ\nปิกนิก\nปิ้ง\nปิงคละ\nปิงปอง\nปิฎก\nปิฏฐะ\nปิฐิ\nปิณฑะ\nปิด\nปิตตะ\nปิตา\nปิตามหัยกา\nปิตามหัยยิกา\nปิตุ\nปิตุจฉา\nปิตุภูมิ\nปิตุลา\nปิโตรเลียม\nปิ่น\nปิ่นแก้ว\nปิ่นโต\nปิปผลี\nปิ่ม\nปิ้ม\nปิยะ\nปิยังคุ\nปิโยรส\nปิลันธน์\nปิ๋ว\nปิศาจ\nปิหกะ\nปี\nปี่\nปี้\nปี๋\nปีก\nปีฐะ\nปี๊ด\nปีติ\nปีน\nปีบ\nปี๊บ\nปีศาจ\nปีฬกะ\nปึก\nปึง\nปึ่ง\nปึ๋ง\nปึ้ด\nปึมปื้อ\nปืน\nปื้น\nปือ\nปื้อ\nปื๋อ\nปุ\nปุ๊\nปุก\nปุกปุย\nปุคละ\nปุ้งกี๋\nปุงควะ\nปุงลิงค์\nปุงลึงค์\nปุจฉา\nปุฏะ\nปุณฑริก\nปุด\nปุตตะ\nปุถุชน\nปุนนาค\nปุนภพ\nปุนัพสุ\nปุบ\nปุ๊บ\nปุปผะ\nปุปะ\nปุพพะ\nปุ่ม\nปุ่มป่ำ\nปุ้ม\nปุ๋ม\nปุย\nปุ้ย\nปุ๋ย\nปุรณะ\nปุระ\nปุราณ\nปุราณะ\nปุริมพรรษา\nปุเรจาริก\nปุโรหิต\nปุลลิงค์\nปุลลึงค์\nปุลินท์\nปุโลปุเล\nปุษยะ\nปุสสะ\nปู\nปู่\nปูชกะ\nปูชนียบุคคล\nปูชนียวัตถุ\nปูชนียะ\nปูชา\nปูชิต\nปูด\nปูน\nปูม\nปู้ยี่ปู้ยำ\nปูระ\nปูลู\nเป้\nเป๋\nเปก\nเป๊ก\nเป่ง\nเป้ง\nเป๋ง\nเป็ด\nเปตพลี\nเปตอง\nเป็น\nเปยยาล\nเปร็ง\nเปรต\nเปรม\nเปรย\nเปรอ\nเปรอะ\nเปราะ\nเปรียง\nเปรี้ยง\nเปรี้ยงปร้าง\nเปรียญ\nเปรียบ\nเปรี่ยม\nเปรียว\nเปรี้ยว\nเปรียะ\nเปรี๊ยะ\nเปรื่อง\nเปรื้อย\nเปล\nเปล่ง\nเปลว\nเปลา\nเปล่า\nเปล้า\nเปลาะ\nเปลี้ย\nเปลี่ยน\nเปลี่ยม\nเปลี่ยว\nเปลือก\nเปลือง\nเปลื้อง\nเปลือย\nเปศะ\nเปศัส\nเปสการ\nเปสละ\nเปสุญวาท\nเป๋อ\nเป้อเย้อ\nเปอร์\nเปอร์เซ็นต์\nเปะ\nเปา\nเป่า\nเป้า\nเป๊า\nเป๋า\nเป๋าฮื้อ\nเปาะ\nเป๊าะ\nเปาะเปี๊ยะ\nเปาะแปะ\nเปิก\nเปิง\nเปิงมาง\nเปิด\nเปิ่น\nเปิบ\nเปิ๊บ\nเปีย\nเปียก\nเปี๊ยก\nเปี๊ยบ\nเปี่ยม\nเปี้ยว\nเปี๊ยว\nเปียะ\nเปี๊ยะ\nเปือก\nเปื้อน\nเปื่อย\nแป\nแป้ง\nแป๋ง\nแปด\nแป๊ด\nแปทู\nแป้น\nแป๊น\nแปบ\nแป๊บ\nแปม\nแปร\nแปร๋\nแปรก\nแปรง\nแปร่ง\nแปร๊ด\nแปร้น\nแปร๋น\nแปรปรวน\nแประ\nแปล\nแปล้\nแปลก\nแปลง\nแปลน\nแปลบ\nแปล๊บ\nแป้ว\nแป๊ว\nแปะ\nแป๊ะ\nแป๊ะซะ\nโป\nโป่\nโป้\nโป๊\nโปก\nโป๊ก\nโป๊กเกอร์\nโปกขรณี\nโปกขรพรรษ\nโปเก\nโปง\nโป่ง\nโป้ง\nโป่งข่าม\nโปงลาง\nโป่งวิด\nโปฐบท\nโปฐปทมาส\nโปดก\nโปตถกะ\nโปน\nโป๊ป\nโป๊ยเซียน\nโปรแกรม\nโปรง\nโปร่ง\nโปรด\nโปรตอน\nโปรตีน\nโปรเตสแตนต์\nโปรแทรกเตอร์\nโปรย\nโปล่ง\nโปลิโอ\nโปโล\nโปสก\nโปสต์การ์ด\nโปะ\nโป๊ะ\nโป๊ะจ้าย\nไป\nไป่\nไป๋\nไปยาล\nไปรษณีย์\nไปรษณียบัตร\nไปรษณียภัณฑ์\nไปรษณียากร\nไปล่\nไปศาจ\nผก\nผกา\nผกาย\nผคม\nผง\nผงก\nผงม\nผงะ\nผงาด\nผง่าน\nผจง\nผจญ\nผจัญ\nผจาน\nผชุม\nผณิน\nผณินทร\nผณิศวร\nผด\nผดุง\nผเดิน\nผทม\nผนวก\nผนวช\nผนัง\nผนิด\nผนึก\nผม\nผยอง\nผรณาปีติ\nผรสุ\nผริต\nผรุสวาท\nผล\nผลคุน\nผลคุนี\nผล็อย\nผละ\nผลัก\nผลัด\nผลับ\nผลัวะ\nผลา\nผลาญ\nผลานิสงส์\nผลาผล\nผลาหาร\nผลิ\nผลิกะ\nผลิต\nผลิน\nผลี\nผลีผลาม\nผลึก\nผลึ่ง\nผลือ\nผลุ\nผลุง\nผลุด\nผลุน\nผลุนผลัน\nผลุบ\nผลุบผลับ\nผลุย\nผลู\nผวน\nผวย\nผวา\nผสม\nผสาน\nผอง\nผ่อง\nผ่อน\nผอบ\nผอม\nผ็อย\nผอูน\nผะ\nผะดา\nผะสา\nผัก\nผัคคุณ\nผัคคุณี\nผัง\nผัด\nผัน\nผับ\nผัว\nผัวะ\nผัสสะ\nผัสสาหาร\nผา\nผ่า\nผ้า\nผาก\nผาง\nผ่าง\nผาณิต\nผาด\nผาติ\nผ่าน\nผาม\nผาย\nผ่ายผอม\nผาล\nผาลคุน\nผาลา\nผ่าว\nผาสุก\nผ้าฮาด\nผำ\nผ้ำ\nผิ\nผิง\nผิด\nผิตะ\nผิน\nผิว\nผี\nผี้ว์\nผึง\nผึ่ง\nผึ้ง\nผึ้งรวง\nผืน\nผื่น\nผุ\nผุด\nผุยผง\nผุสราคา\nผู้\nผูก\nเผ\nเผง\nเผชิญ\nเผ็ด\nเผด็จ\nเผดิม\nเผดียง\nเผ่น\nเผนิก\nเผย\nเผยอ\nเผยิบ\nเผยิบผยาบ\nเผล\nเผล่\nเผล็ด\nเผลอ\nเผลอไผล\nเผละ\nเผลาะ\nเผลาะแผละ\nเผลียง\nเผอเรอ\nเผอิญ\nเผอิล\nเผะ\nเผา\nเผ่า\nเผ้า\nเผาะ\nเผิ้ง\nเผิน\nเผียน\nเผือ\nเผื่อ\nเผือก\nเผือด\nเผือน\nเผื่อน\nแผ่\nแผก\nแผง\nแผด\nแผน\nแผ่น\nแผนก\nแผล\nแผลง\nแผล็บ\nแผล็ว\nแผละ\nแผ่ว\nแผ้ว\nโผ\nโผง\nโผฏฐัพพะ\nโผน\nโผเผ\nโผย\nโผล่\nโผลกเผลก\nโผละ\nโผอน\nโผะ\nไผ\nไผ่\nไผท\nฝน\nฝรั่ง\nฝรั่งเศส\nฝ่อ\nฝอย\nฝัก\nฝัง\nฝั่ง\nฝัด\nฝัน\nฝา\nฝ่า\nฝ้า\nฝาก\nฝาง\nฝาด\nฝาน\nฝาย\nฝ่าย\nฝ้าย\nฝิ่น\nฝี\nฝี่\nฝีก\nฝึก\nฝืด\nฝืน\nฝุ่น\nฝูง\nเฝ้า\nเฝือ\nเฝือก\nเฝือง\nเฝื่อน\nแฝก\nแฝง\nแฝด\nใฝ่\nไฝ\nพก\nพกุล\nพง\nพงศ์\nพงศกร\nพงศธร\nพงศา\nพงศาวดาร\nพจน์\nพจนา\nพจนานุกรม\nพจนารถ\nพจนีย์\nพจมาน\nพจี\nพชระ\nพญา\nพญาลอ\nพณิช\nพณิชย์\nพดด้วง\nพธู\nพนันดร\nพนาดร\nพนาดอน\nพนาราม\nพนาลัย\nพนาลี\nพนาวาส\nพนาเวศ\nพนาศรม\nพนาสณฑ์\nพนาสัณฑ์\nพเนจร\nพ่น\nพ้น\nพนม\nพนอง\nพนอม\nพนัก\nพนักงาน\nพนัง\nพนัน\nพนัส\nพนา\nพนาย\nพนิดา\nพนิต\nพบ\nพม่า\nพยนต์\nพยศ\nพยัก\nพยักพเยิด\nพยัคฆ์\nพยัคฆา\nพยัคฆิน\nพยัคฆี\nพยัชน์\nพยัญชนะ\nพยัต\nพยับ\nพยากรณ์\nพยาฆร์\nพยางค์\nพยาธิ\nพยาน\nพยาบาท\nพยาบาล\nพยาม\nพยามะ\nพยายาม\nพยุ\nพยุง\nพยุหยาตรา\nพยุหโยธา\nพยุหเสนา\nพยุหะ\nพยู่ห์\nพเยีย\nพร\nพรต\nพรม\nพรรค\nพรรค์\nพรรคานต์\nพรรณ\nพรรณนา\nพรรดึก\nพรรลาย\nพรรษ\nพรรษา\nพรรเอิญ\nพรวด\nพรวน\nพรหม\nพรหมจรรย์\nพรหมจาริณี\nพรหมจารี\nพรหมา\nพรหมาสตร์\nพรหมินทร์\nพรอก\nพร่อง\nพร้อง\nพรอด\nพร้อม\nพร้อมพรัก\nพร่อย\nพร้อย\nพระ\nพระนอม\nพระนาด\nพระฮาม\nพรักพร้อม\nพรั่ง\nพรัด\nพรั่น\nพรับ\nพร่า\nพร้า\nพราก\nพราง\nพร่าง\nพราด\nพราน\nพราย\nพราว\nพราหมณ์\nพราหมณะ\nพราหมณี\nพราหมี\nพรำ\nพร่ำ\nพริก\nพริ้ง\nพริบ\nพริ้ม\nพรึง\nพรึน\nพรึบ\nพรึ่บ\nพรืด\nพรุ\nพรุ่ง\nพรุน\nพรู\nพรูด\nพฤกษ์\nพฤกษชาติ\nพฤกษเทวดา\nพฤกษราช\nพฤกษศาสตร์\nพฤกษา\nพฤฒ\nพฤฒา\nพฤฒาจารย์\nพฤฒิ\nพฤต\nพฤติ\nพฤทธ์\nพฤทธิ์\nพฤนต์\nพฤนท์\nพฤศจิก\nพฤศจิกายน\nพฤษภ\nพฤษภาคม\nพฤหัสบดี\nพล\nพละ\nพลากร\nพลาดิศัย\nพลาธิการ\nพลานามัย\nพลบ\nพลวก\nพลวง\nพลวัต\nพลศาสตร์\nพลอ\nพล้อ\nพลอง\nพลอด\nพลอน\nพลอมแพลม\nพลอย\nพล่อย\nพลั่ก\nพลัง\nพลั่ง\nพลั้ง\nพลัด\nพลัน\nพลับ\nพลับพลา\nพลับพลึง\nพลั่ว\nพล่า\nพลาง\nพลาญ\nพลาด\nพล่าน\nพลาม\nพล่าม\nพลาย\nพลาสติก\nพลาสมา\nพลาหก\nพลำ\nพล้ำ\nพลำภัง\nพลิก\nพลิพัท\nพลิ้ว\nพลี\nพลุ\nพลุก\nพลุ่ก\nพลุกพล่าน\nพลุ่ง\nพลุ้ย\nพลู\nพลูโต\nพลูโทเนียม\nพวก\nพวง\nพ่วง\nพวน\nพวย\nพสก\nพสุ\nพสุธา\nพสุสงกรานต์\nพหล\nพหุ\nพหุล\nพหู\nพอ\nพ่อ\nพ้อ\nพอก\nพอง\nพ้อง\nพอน\nพ้อม\nพอโลเนียม\nพะ\nพะงา\nพะงาบ\nพะจง\nพะทำมะรง\nพะนอ\nพะเน้าพะนอ\nพะเนิน\nพะเนียง\nพะแนง\nพะพาน\nพะพิง\nพะเพิง\nพะยอม\nพ่ะย่ะค่ะ\nพะยูง\nพะยูน\nพะเยิบ\nพะเยิบพะยาบ\nพะรุงพะรัง\nพะโล้\nพะไล\nพะวง\nพะวักพะวน\nพะวา\nพะว้าพะวัง\nพะอง\nพะอากพะอำ\nพะอืดพะอม\nพัก\nพักตร์\nพักตรา\nพักร\nพัง\nพังกา\nพังงา\nพังผืด\nพังพวย\nพังพอน\nพังพาน\nพังพาบ\nพังเพย\nพัช\nพัชนี\nพัชระ\nพัญจน์\nพัฒนะ\nพัฒนา\nพัฒนากร\nพัฒนาการ\nพัด\nพัดชา\nพัดดึงส์\nพัตร\nพัทธ์\nพัทธยา\nพัทธสีมา\nพัทร\nพัน\nพันตู\nพันทาง\nพันธ์\nพันธะ\nพันธกรณี\nพันธบัตร\nพันธมิตร\nพันธนะ\nพันธนาคาร\nพันธนาการ\nพันธุ์\nพันธุกรรม\nพันลึก\nพันลือ\nพันเลิศ\nพันเอิญ\nพับ\nพัลลภ\nพัลวัน\nพัว\nพัวะ\nพัศดี\nพัสดุ\nพัสตร์\nพัสถาน\nพา\nพาก\nพากเพียร\nพากย์\nพาง\nพ่าง\nพาชี\nพาณิช\nพาณิชย์\nพาณิชยกรรม\nพาณิชยการ\nพาณิชยศาสตร์\nพาณิชยศิลป์\nพาณินี\nพาณี\nพาณีนี\nพาด\nพาท\nพาทย์\nพาธ\nพาธา\nพาน\nพ่าน\nพานร\nพานรินทร์\nพาม\nพาย\nพ่าย\nพายม้า\nพายัพ\nพายุ\nพาร์เซก\nพารณ\nพารา\nพาราฟิน\nพาล\nพาลา\nพาลี\nพาลุก\nพาโล\nพาไล\nพาส\nพาสน์\nพาสนา\nพาสุกรี\nพ่าห์\nพาหนะ\nพาหะ\nพาหา\nพาหิรกะ\nพาหิระ\nพาหุ\nพาหุรัด\nพาหุสัจจะ\nพาเหียร\nพาฬ\nพำ\nพำนัก\nพำพึม\nพำลา\nพิกล\nพิกสิต\nพิกัด\nพิกัติ\nพิกัน\nพิการ\nพิกุล\nพิเคราะห์\nพิฆน์\nพิฆเนศ\nพิฆเนศวร\nพิฆาต\nพิง\nพิจัย\nพิจาร\nพิจารณ์\nพิจารณา\nพิจิก\nพิจิต\nพิจิตร\nพิชญ์\nพิชัย\nพิชาน\nพิชิต\nพิเชฐ\nพิเชียร\nพิฑูรย์\nพิณ\nพิดทูล\nพิดาน\nพิโดร\nพิตร\nพิถี\nพิถีพิถัน\nพิทย\nพิทย์\nพิทยา\nพิทยาคม\nพิทยาคาร\nพิทยาธร\nพิทยาลัย\nพิทักษ์\nพิทูร\nพิเทศ\nพิธาน\nพิธี\nพิธุ\nพินทุ\nพินอบพิเทา\nพินัย\nพินาศ\nพินิจ\nพินิต\nพินิศ\nพินิศจัย\nพิเนต\nพิบัติ\nพิบุล\nพิบูล\nพิปริต\nพิปลาส\nพิพรรธ\nพิพรรธน์\nพิพักพิพ่วน\nพิพัฒ\nพิพัฒน์\nพิพากษ์\nพิพากษา\nพิพาท\nพิพิธ\nพิพิธภัณฑ์\nพิพิธภัณฑสถาน\nพิภพ\nพิภัช\nพิภาค\nพิภูษณะ\nพิเภก\nพิมปะการัง\nพิมพ์\nพิมพการัง\nพิมพา\nพิมพาภรณ์\nพิมล\nพิมเสน\nพิมาน\nพิมุข\nพิโมกข์\nพิโมกษ์\nพิโยกพิเกน\nพิโยค\nพิรอด\nพิระ\nพิรากล\nพิราบ\nพิราม\nพิราลัย\nพิริยะ\nพิรี้พิไร\nพิรุณ\nพิรุธ\nพิรุฬห์\nพิเรนทร์\nพิเราะ\nพิโรธ\nพิไร\nพิลังกาสา\nพิลาป\nพิลาส\nพิลิปดา\nพิลึก\nพิลึกกึกกือ\nพิลึกพิลั่น\nพิโลน\nพิไล\nพิศ\nพิศวง\nพิศวาส\nพิศาล\nพิศุทธ์\nพิศุทธิ์\nพิเศษ\nพิษ\nพิษฐาน\nพิษนาศน์\nพิสดาร\nพิสมร\nพิสมัย\nพิสัง\nพิสัช\nพิสัย\nพิสิฐ\nพิสุทธิ์\nพิสูจน์\nพิหค\nพิหาร\nพิฬาร\nพี\nพี่\nพี้\nพีชคณิต\nพีระมิด\nพึง\nพึ่ง\nพึ่บ\nพึ่บพั่บ\nพึม\nพึมพำ\nพืช\nพืด\nพื้น\nพุ\nพุก\nพุกาม\nพุง\nพุ่ง\nพุงดอ\nพุฒ\nพุฒิ\nพุด\nพุดตาน\nพุทธ\nพุทธะ\nพุทธังกูร\nพุทธางกูร\nพุทธันดร\nพุทธาภิเษก\nพุทธาวาส\nพุทธิ\nพุทโธ่\nพุทรา\nพุธ\nพุ่ม\nพุมเรียง\nพุ้ย\nพู\nพูพอน\nพู่\nพูด\nพูน\nพู้น\nพู่ระหง\nเพ\nเพ็ก\nเพกา\nเพคะ\nเพ็ง\nเพ่ง\nเพ็จ\nเพชฉลูกรรม\nเพชฌฆาต\nเพชร\nเพชรดา\nเพชรปาณี\nเพชรฤกษ์\nเพชรายุธ\nเพชรกลับ\nเพชรสังฆาต\nเพชรหลีก\nเพชรหึง\nเพ็ญ\nเพฑูริย์\nเพณี\nเพ็ดทูล\nเพดาน\nเพท\nเพทนา\nเพทาย\nเพทุบาย\nเพโทบาย\nเพ่นพ่าน\nเพนียด\nเพไนย\nเพ้ย\nเพรง\nเพรซีโอดิเมียม\nเพรา\nเพราะ\nเพริด\nเพริศ\nเพรียก\nเพรียง\nเพรียบ\nเพรี้ยม\nเพรียว\nเพรื่อ\nเพรือง\nเพล\nเพลง\nเพล็ด\nเพล้โพล้\nเพลา\nเพลาะ\nเพลิง\nเพลิดเพลิน\nเพลิน\nเพลีย\nเพลี้ย\nเพลี่ยง\nเพศ\nเพส\nเพสลาด\nเพ่อ\nเพ้อ\nเพ้อเจ้อ\nเพอิญ\nเพะ\nเพา\nเพาะ\nเพิก\nเพิง\nเพิ่ง\nเพิดเพ้ย\nเพิ่ม\nเพี้ย\nเพียง\nเพี้ยง\nเพียงออ\nเพี้ยน\nเพียบ\nเพียร\nเพื่อ\nเพื่อน\nแพ\nแพ้\nแพง\nแพ่ง\nแพงพวย\nแพทย์\nแพทยศาสตร์\nแพน\nแพ่น\nแพนก\nแพนงเชิง\nแพร\nแพร่\nแพรก\nแพร่ง\nแพรว\nแพร้ว\nแพลง\nแพลทินัม\nแพล็บ\nแพลม\nแพลเลเดียม\nแพละ\nแพละโลม\nแพว\nแพ้ว\nแพศย์\nแพศยา\nแพะ\nโพ\nโพก\nโพกพาย\nโพง\nโพงพาง\nโพชฌงค์\nโพซิตรอน\nโพด\nโพทะเล\nโพแทสเซียม\nโพธ\nโพธิ\nโพธิ์\nโพน\nโพ้น\nโพนทะนา\nโพบาย\nโพย\nโพยก๊วน\nโพยม\nโพรก\nโพรง\nโพรโทแอกทิเนียม\nโพรมีเทียม\nโพระดก\nโพล่\nโพลง\nโพล่ง\nโพล้ง\nโพลน\nโพล้เพล้\nโพละ\nโพสพ\nไพ\nไพ่\nไพจิตร\nไพชน\nไพชยนต์\nไพฑูรย์\nไพที\nไพบูลย์\nไพพรรณ\nไพร\nไพร่\nไพรจิตร\nไพรชน\nไพรชยนต์\nไพรฑูรย์\nไพรที\nไพรบูลย์\nไพรเราะ\nไพรัช\nไพรำ\nไพริน\nไพรินทร์\nไพรี\nไพเราะ\nไพโรจน์\nไพล\nไพล่\nไพศาขะ\nไพศาล\nไพเศษ\nไพสพ\nไพสิฐ\nไพหาร\nฟก\nฟ้ง\nฟรักโทส\nฟรี\nฟลูออรีน\nฟ่อ\nฟ้อ\nฟอก\nฟอง\nฟ่อง\nฟ้อง\nฟอด\nฟอน\nฟ่อน\nฟ้อน\nฟ้อแฟ้\nฟอร์มาลดีไฮด์\nฟอร์มาลิน\nฟอสฟอรัส\nฟอสเฟต\nฟัก\nฟักฟุ้น\nฟัง\nฟังก์ชัน\nฟัด\nฟัน\nฟั่น\nฟั้น\nฟ้า\nฟาก\nฟาง\nฟ่าง\nฟาด\nฟาทอม\nฟาน\nฟ่าม\nฟาย\nฟาร์ม\nฟาสซิสต์\nฟิด\nฟิต\nฟิบ\nฟิล์ม\nฟิวส์\nฟิสิกส์\nฟี่\nฟี้\nฟืดฟาด\nฟืน\nฟื้น\nฟืม\nฟุ\nฟุ้ง\nฟุต\nฟุน\nฟุบ\nฟุ่บ\nฟุ่มเฟือย\nฟุลสแก๊ป\nฟู\nฟู่\nฟูก\nฟูด\nฟูม\nเฟ็ด\nเฟ้น\nเฟลด์สปาร์\nเฟ้อ\nเฟอร์เมียม\nเฟอะ\nเฟอะฟะ\nเฟะ\nเฟะฟะ\nเฟิน\nเฟี้ยม\nเฟี้ยว\nเฟือ\nเฟื้อ\nเฟือง\nเฟื่อง\nเฟื้อง\nเฟือน\nเฟือย\nเฟื้อย\nแฟ่\nแฟง\nแฟชั่น\nแฟน\nแฟบ\nแฟ้ม\nแฟรนเซียม\nแฟลกซ์\nแฟลต\nแฟะ\nโฟกัส\nไฟ\nภควดี\nภควัต\nภควันต์\nภควัม\nภควา\nภควาน\nภคะ\nภคันทลา\nภคินี\nภณะ\nภณิดา\nภพ\nภมร\nภมริน\nภมรี\nภมุกา\nภยันตราย\nภยาคติ\nภระ\nภรณี\nภรต\nภรรดร\nภรรดา\nภรรยา\nภระมร\nภระมรี\nภราดร\nภราดรภาพ\nภราดา\nภริยา\nภฤศ\nภวะ\nภวตัณหา\nภวนะ\nภวังค์\nภวังคจิต\nภักดี\nภักตะ\nภักติ\nภักษ์\nภักษา\nภักษาหาร\nภัค\nภัคน์\nภังคะ\nภังคี\nภัจ\nภัณฑ์\nภัณฑาคาร\nภัณฑาคาริก\nภัณฑารักษ์\nภัณฑนะ\nภัณฑู\nภัต\nภัตตาคาร\nภัตตาหาร\nภัตร\nภัทระ\nภัทรกัป\nภัพ\nภัย\nภัสดา\nภัสตรา\nภัสมะ\nภัสสร\nภา\nภาค\nภาคย์\nภาคยานุวัติ\nภาคินี\nภาคิไนย\nภาคี\nภาคียะ\nภาชนะ\nภาชี\nภาณ\nภาณวาร\nภาณกะ\nภาณี\nภาณุ\nภาดร\nภาดา\nภาตระ\nภาตา\nภาตุ\nภาติกะ\nภาติยะ\nภาพ\nภาพย์\nภาม\nภาย\nภาร\nภาระ\nภารดี\nภารต\nภารตี\nภารยทรัพย์\nภารยา\nภารา\nภาวนา\nภาวะ\nภาษ\nภาษณ์\nภาษา\nภาษิต\nภาษี\nภาส\nภาสน์\nภาสวร\nภาสา\nภาสุระ\nภิกขา\nภิกขาจาร\nภิกขุ\nภิกขุนี\nภิกษา\nภิกษาจาร\nภิกษาหาร\nภิกษุ\nภิกษุณี\nภิงคาร\nภิญโญ\nภิตติ\nภินท์\nภินทนาการ\nภิยโย\nภิรมย์\nภิรมย์สุรางค์\nภิษัช\nภิสัก\nภีตะ\nภีมะ\nภีรุ\nภุกต์\nภุขัน\nภุช\nภุชงค์\nภุต\nภุมมะ\nภุมรัตน์\nภุมวาร\nภุมรา\nภุมริน\nภุมรี\nภุมเรศ\nภู\nภู่\nภูต\nภูติ\nภูม\nภูมิ\nภูมี\nภูริ\nภูรี\nภูวดล\nภูวนาถ\nภูวเนตร\nภูวไนย\nภูษา\nภูษิต\nเภกะ\nเภตรา\nเภท\nเภทุบาย\nเภรี\nเภสัช\nโภค\nโภคะ\nโภคิน\nโภคี\nโภไคย\nโภไคศวรรย์\nโภช\nโภชย์\nโภชก\nโภชนะ\nโภชนา\nโภชนาหาร\nโภชนียะ\nไภริน\nไภรี\nไภษัชคุรุ\nไภษัชย์\nมกร\nมกราคม\nมกุฎ\nมคธ\nมฆวัน\nมฆะ\nมฆา\nม่ง\nมงกุฎ\nมงโกรย\nมงคล\nมงคลวาร\nมณฑ์\nมณฑก\nมณฑนะ\nมณฑป\nมณฑล\nมณฑา\nมณฑารพ\nมณฑิระ\nมณเฑียร\nมณี\nมด\nมตะ\nมตกภัต\nมติ\nมทนะ\nมทะ\nมธุ\nมธุกร\nมธุการี\nมธุลีห์\nมธุระ\nมธุรพจน์\nมน\nมนินทรีย์\nม่น\nมนต์\nมนตร์\nมนตรี\nมนท์\nมนทิราลัย\nมนเทียร\nมนสิการ\nมนัส\nมนัสวี\nมนินทรีย์\nมนิมนา\nมนิลา\nมนุญ\nมนุษย์\nมนุษยชาติ\nมนุษยธรรม\nมนุษย์มนา\nมนุษยโลก\nมนุษยศาสตร์\nมนุษยสัมพันธ์\nมนุสาร\nมนู\nมนูสาร\nมโน\nมโนช\nมโนชญ์\nมโนราห์\nมโนสาเร่\nมโนห์รา\nมมังการ\nมยุรฉัตร\nมยุระ\nมยุรา\nมยุรี\nมยุเรศ\nมยูร\nมรกต\nมรคา\nมรฑป\nมรณ์\nมรณะ\nมรณกรรม\nมรณบัตร\nมรณภัย\nมรณภาพ\nมรดก\nมรรค\nมรรคา\nมรรตัย\nมรรยาท\nมรรษ\nมรสุม\nมริจ\nมริยาท\nมรีจิ\nมรุต\nมฤค\nมฤคย์\nมฤคศิระ\nมฤคศิรมาส\nมฤคเศียร\nมฤคินทร์\nมฤเคนทร์\nมฤดก\nมฤต\nมฤตยู\nมฤทุ\nมล\nมละ\nมลัก\nมลังเมลือง\nมล้าง\nมลาย\nมลายู\nมวก\nม่วง\nมวน\nม่วน\nม้วน\nม้วนต้วน\nมวย\nม้วย\nมวล\nมหกรรม\nมหรณพ\nมหรรณพ\nมหรสพ\nมหัจฉริยะ\nมหัต\nมหัทธนะ\nมหันต์\nมหันตโทษ\nมหัพภาค\nมหัศจรรย์\nมหา\nมหากฐิน\nมหากาฬ\nมหาขันธกะ\nมหาจักร\nมหาชน\nมหาชัย\nมหาชาติ\nมหาโชตรัต\nมหาดไทย\nมหาดเล็ก\nมหาตมะ\nมหาไถ่\nมหาเทพ\nมหาเทพี\nมหาเทวี\nมหาธาตุ\nมหานิกาย\nมหานิล\nมหาบพิตร\nมหาบัณฑิต\nมหาพน\nมหาพรหม\nมหาภารตะ\nมหาภิเนษกรมณ์\nมหาภูต\nมหาเมฆ\nมหายาน\nมหายุค\nมหาราช\nมหาฤกษ์\nมหาละลวย\nมหาละลาย\nมหาวงศ์\nมหาวรรค\nมหาวิทยาลัย\nมหาศักราช\nมหาศาล\nมหาสงกรานต์\nมหาสดมภ์\nมหาสดำ\nมหาสมุทร\nมหาสาวก\nมหาหงส์\nมหาหิงคุ์\nมหาอำนาจ\nมหาอุจ\nมหาอุด\nมหาอุปรากร\nมหาอุปราช\nมหิ\nมหิดล\nมหิธร\nมหิป\nมหิงส์\nมหิทธิ\nมหินท์\nมหิมา\nมหิศร\nมหิศวร\nมหิษ\nมหิษี\nมหึมา\nมเหยงค์\nมเหศ\nมเหศวร\nมเหศักดิ์\nมเหสักข์\nมเหสิ\nมเหสี\nมเหาฬาร\nมโหรสพ\nมโหระทึก\nมโหรี\nมโหฬาร\nมไหศวรรย์\nมอ\nมอง\nมองโกลอยด์\nมองโกเลีย\nมองคร่อ\nมอญ\nมอด\nม่อต้อ\nมอเตอร์\nมอเตอร์ไซค์\nมอน\nม่อน\nมอบ\nมอม\nมอมแมม\nม่อย\nมอร์ฟีน\nมอระกู่\nมอลโทส\nม่อลอกม่อแลก\nม่อห้อม\nม่อฮ่อม\nมะ\nมะกรูด\nมะกล่ำ\nมะกอก\nมะก่อง\nมะกะโรนี\nมะกา\nมะเกลือ\nมะเกี๋ยง\nมะข่วง\nมะขวิด\nมะขาม\nมะเขือ\nมะแข่น\nมะคังแดง\nมะค่า\nมะคำไก่\nมะคำดีควาย\nมะงั่ว\nมะงุมมะงาหรา\nมะซัก\nมะซาง\nมะดัน\nมะดีหวี\nมะดูก\nมะเดหวี\nมะเดื่อ\nมะต้อง\nมะตะบะ\nมะตาด\nมะตาหะรี\nมะตึ่ง\nมะตื๋น\nมะตูม\nมะแตก\nมะโต\nมะนาว\nมะปราง\nมะปริง\nมะฝ่อ\nมะพร้าว\nมะพลับ\nมะพูด\nมะแพน\nมะแพร้ว\nมะเฟือง\nมะแฟน\nมะไฟ\nมะม่วง\nมะม่าว\nมะมี่\nมะมื่น\nมะมุด\nมะเมอ\nมะเมีย\nมะเมื่อย\nมะแม\nมะยง\nมะยม\nมะระ\nมะริด\nมะรืน\nมะรุม\nมะรุมมะตุ้ม\nมะเร็ง\nมะเรื่อง\nมะโรง\nมะลอกมะแลก\nมะละกอ\nมะลิ\nมะลื่น\nมะลืมดำ\nมะลุลี\nมะแว้ง\nมะสัง\nมะเส็ง\nมะหวด\nมะหะหมัด\nมะหาด\nมะหิ่ง\nมะเหงก\nมะอึก\nมะฮอกกานี\nมัก\nมักกะโรนี\nมักกะลีผล\nมักกะสัน\nมักขะ\nมั่กขั้ก\nมักขิกา\nมัค\nมัคคะ\nมัคคุเทศก์\nมัคนายก\nมัฆวาน\nมั่ง\nมังกง\nมังกร\nมังกุ\nมังคละ\nมังค่า\nมังคุด\nมังตาน\nมังสวิรัติ\nมังสะ\nมังสี\nมัจจะ\nมัจจุ\nมัจฉริยะ\nมัจฉรี\nมัจฉะ\nมัจฉา\nมัชชะ\nมัชวิรัติ\nมัชชาระ\nมัชฌันติกสมัย\nมัชฌิม\nมัชฌิมา\nมัญจา\nมัญชิษฐา\nมัญชุ\nมัญชุสา\nมัญชูสา\nมัญเชฏฐะ\nมัฏฐะ\nมัณฑนศิลป์\nมัณฑนา\nมัด\nมัตตะ\nมัตตัญญู\nมัตตา\nมัตติกา\nมัตถกะ\nมัตถลุงค์\nมัตสยะ\nมัตสยา\nมัตสระ\nมัตสริน\nมัททวะ\nมัทนะ\nมัทยะ\nมัธยฐาน\nมัธยม\nมัธยันห์\nมัธยัสถ์\nมัน\nมั่น\nมันตา\nมันถะ\nมันทิระ\nมันทิราลัย\nมับ\nมั้ม\nมัมมี่\nมัย\nมัลละ\nมัลลิกา\nมัว\nมัวซัว\nมั่ว\nมัศยา\nมัสตุ\nมัสตาร์ด\nมัสมั่น\nมัสยิด\nมัสรู่\nมัสลิน\nมัสสุ\nมา\nม้า\nมาก\nมาคสิระ\nมาฆบูชา\nมาฆะ\nม้าง\nมางสะ\nมาณพ\nมาณวิกา\nมาด\nมาดา\nมาตงค์\nมาตร\nมาตรา\nมาตฤ\nมาตังคะ\nมาตา\nมาตามหัยกะ\nมาตามหัยกา\nมาตามหัยยิกา\nมาติกะ\nมาติกา\nมาตุ\nมาตุจฉา\nมาตุรงค์\nมาตุเรศ\nมาตุละ\nมาตุลา\nมาตุลานี\nมาทะ\nมาธยมิก\nมาธยมิกะ\nมาธุระ\nมาธุสร\nมาธูระ\nมาน\nม่าน\nม้าน\nมานพ\nมานะ\nมานัต\nมานัส\nมานิต\nมานี\nมานุษ\nมานุษยวิทยา\nมาโนชญ์\nมาบ\nมาภา\nม้าม\nม่าย\nมายา\nมาร\nมาราธิราช\nมารค\nมารดร\nมารดา\nมารยา\nมารยาท\nมารศรี\nมารษา\nมาริต\nมารุต\nมาลย์\nมาลัย\nมาลา\nมาลาตี\nมาลาเรีย\nมาลินี\nมาลี\nมาลุต\nมาศ\nมาส\nมาสก\nมาห์\nม่าห์\nมาหิส\nม่าเหมี่ยว\nมาฬก\nมิ\nมิค\nมิคสัญญี\nมิ่ง\nมิจฉา\nมิด\nมิตร\nมิติ\nมิเตอร์\nมิถยา\nมิถุน\nมิถุนายน\nมิทธะ\nมินตรา\nมินตา\nมินหม้อ\nมิ่ม\nมิ้ม\nมิไย\nมิรันตี\nมิลลิกรัม\nมิลลิบาร์\nมิลลิเมตร\nมิลลิลิตร\nมิลักขะ\nมิลักขู\nมิส\nมิสกรี\nมิสกวัน\nมิสซา\nมี\nมี่\nมีด\nมีเทน\nมีน\nมีนาคม\nมี่สั้ว\nมึง\nมึน\nมืด\nมืน\nมื่น\nมือ\nมื้อ\nมุ\nมุก\nมุกดา\nมุกดาหาร\nมุกุระ\nมุข\nมุขเด็จ\nมุขยประโยค\nมุโขโลกนะ\nมุคคะ\nมุง\nมุ่ง\nมุ้ง\nมุจฉา\nมุจนะ\nมุจลินท์\nมุญจนะ\nมุญชะ\nมุฐิ\nมุณฑกะ\nมุณฑะ\nมุด\nมุตกิด\nมุตฆาต\nมุตตะ\nมุตตา\nมุตติ\nมุตะ\nมุติ\nมุททา\nมุทธชะ\nมุทธา\nมุทธาภิเษก\nมุทรา\nมุทริกา\nมุทะลุ\nมุทา\nมุทิกา\nมุทิงค์\nมุทิตา\nมุทุ\nมุทุตา\nมุ่น\nมุนิ\nมุนินทร์\nมุนี\nมุบ\nมุบมิบ\nมุม\nมุ้ม\nมุ่ย\nมุรธา\nมุรธาภิเษก\nมุสละ\nมุสลิม\nมุสา\nมุสิก\nมุหงิด\nมุหน่าย\nมุหุต\nมุฮัมมัด\nมูก\nมูเซอ\nมูตร\nมู่ทู่\nมูน\nมูมมาม\nมูรติ\nมูรธา\nมูรธาภิเษก\nมูล\nมูละ\nมูลา\nมูลิกากร\nมู่ลี่\nมู่เล่\nมูสัง\nมูสิก\nมูสิกะ\nมูสิกทันต์\nเม\nเม็ก\nเมกะเฮิรตซ์\nเมขลา\nเมฆ\nเมฆา\nเมฆินทร์\nเมฆี\nเม็ง\nเม็ด\nเมตตา\nเมตไตรย\nเมตร\nเมตริก\nเมตริกตัน\nเมถุน\nเมท\nเมโท\nเมทนี\nเมทินี\nเมทนีดล\nเมทานอล\nเมทิลแอลกอฮอล์\nเมธ\nเมธา\nเมธาวี\nเมธี\nเมน\nเม่น\nเม้น\nเมนเดลีเวียม\nเมนทอล\nเม้ม\nเมรัย\nเมริเดียน\nเมรุ\nเมล์\nเมล็ด\nเมลือง\nเมษ\nเมษายน\nเมห์\nเมหนะ\nเมหะ\nเมะ\nเมา\nเม่า\nเม้า\nเมารี\nเมาลี\nเมาฬี\nเมาะ\nเมิง\nเมิน\nเมิล\nเมีย\nเมียง\nเมี่ยง\nเมี้ยน\nเมือ\nเมื้อ\nเมื่อ\nเมือก\nเมือง\nเมือบ\nเมื่อย\nแม่\nแม้\nแมก\nแมกนีเซียม\nแมง\nแมงกะพรุน\nแมงกานิน\nแมงกานีส\nแมงคา\nแมงคาเรือง\nแมงช้าง\nแมงดา\nแมงลัก\nแม่ตะงาว\nแมน\nแม่น\nแม้น\nแมลง\nแมลบ\nแมว\nแม้ว\nแมะ\nโม\nโม่\nโม้\nโมก\nโมกข์\nโมกษะ\nโมฆกรรม\nโมฆสัญญา\nโมฆะ\nโมฆียกรรม\nโมฆียะ\nโมง\nโม่ง\nโมงครุ่ม\nโมทนา\nโมโนแซ็กคาไรด์\nโมไนย\nโมเม\nโมเมนต์\nโมเย\nโมรา\nโมรี\nโมเรส\nโมลิบดีนัม\nโมลี\nโมเลกุล\nโมเสก\nโมเสส\nโม่ห์\nโมหะ\nโมหันธ์\nโมหาคติ\nโมโห\nไม่\nไม้\nไมกา\nไมครอน\nไมโครกรัม\nไมโครฟิล์ม\nไมโครโฟน\nไมโครมิเตอร์\nไมโครเมตร\nไมโครลิตร\nไมโครเวฟ\nไมตรี\nไมยราบ\nไมล์\nยก\nยกกระบัตร\nยกนะ\nยง\nยงโย่\nยชุรเวท\nยติ\nยติภังค์\nยถากรรม\nยถาภูตญาณ\nย่น\nยนต์\nยนตร์\nยม\nยมก\nยมโดย\nยมนา\nยมล\nยมะ\nยรรยง\nยล\nยวง\nยวด\nยวน\nยวบ\nย้วย\nยวรยาตร\nยศ\nยโส\nยอ\nย่อ\nยอก\nย็อกแย็ก\nยอง\nย่อง\nย้อง\nยอด\nยอน\nย้อน\nยอบ\nยอม\nย่อม\nย้อม\nย่อย\nย้อย\nย้อแย้\nยะ\nย่ะ\nยะยอบ\nยะยับ\nยัก\nยักข์\nยักขินี\nยักษ์\nยักษา\nยักษิณี\nยักษี\nยัง\nยั้ง\nยั่งยืน\nยัชโญปวีต\nยัญ\nยัญญะ\nยัด\nยัติภังค์\nยัน\nยั่น\nยันต์\nยันตร\nยันตร์\nยันตรกรรม\nยั่นตะนี\nยับ\nยั่ว\nยั้ว\nยั้วเยี้ย\nยัวรยาตร\nยัวะ\nยัษฏิ\nยา\nย่า\nยาก\nยาคุ\nยาคู\nยาง\nย่าง\nยางพารา\nยาจก\nยาจนา\nยาไฉน\nยาด\nยาดา\nยาตร\nยาตรา\nยาน\nย่าน\nย่านพาโหม\nยานมาศ\nยานุมาศ\nยานี\nยาม\nย่าม\nยามะ\nยามักการ\nยามา\nยาย\nย้าย\nยายี\nยาว\nย้าว\nยาวกาลิก\nยาวชีวิก\nยาสูบ\nย่าหยา\nยาหยี\nยำ\nย่ำ\nย้ำ\nยำเยีย\nยิก\nยิง\nยิ่ง\nยิฏฐะ\nยิน\nยิบ\nยิบหยี\nยิปซัม\nยิปซี\nยิ้ม\nยิมนาสติก\nยิหวา\nยี\nยี่\nยี้\nยี่ก่า\nยี่เก\nยี่เข่ง\nยี่โถ\nยีน\nยี่โป้\nยี่ภู่\nยีราฟ\nยี่สก\nยี่สง\nยี่สน\nยี่สาน\nยี่สุ่น\nยี่หระ\nยี่หร่า\nยี่ห้อ\nยี่หุบ\nยึกยัก\nยึกยือ\nยึด\nยืด\nยืน\nยื่น\nยืม\nยื้อ\nยุ\nยุกกระบัตร\nยุกดิ\nยุกติ\nยุกติธรรม\nยุกต์\nยุค\nยุคนธร\nยุคล\nยุคันต์\nยุคันธร\nยุคุนธร\nยุง\nยุ่ง\nยุ้ง\nยุด\nยุต\nยุติ\nยุทธ\nยุทธ์\nยุทธนา\nยุทโธปกรณ์\nยุบ\nยุ่บ\nยุ่บยั่บ\nยุบล\nยุพดี\nยุพเรศ\nยุพา\nยุพาน\nยุพาพาล\nยุพาพิน\nยุ่มย่าม\nยุ่ย\nยุ้ย\nยุรยาตร\nยูรยาตร\nยุวชน\nยุวดี\nยุวราช\nยุวา\nยุวาน\nยู\nยู่\nยูง\nยูโด\nยูถะ\nยูถิกา\nยูริก\nยูเรนัส\nยูเรเนียม\nยูโรเพียม\nเย\nเย้\nเยง\nเยซู\nเย็ด\nเย็น\nเย็นตาโฟ\nเย็นเตาโฟ\nเย็บ\nเย้ย\nเยอ\nเย่อ\nเยอรมัน\nเยอว\nเย่อหยิ่ง\nเยอะ\nเยอะแยะ\nเยา\nเย้า\nเยาว์\nเยาวชน\nเยาวมาลย์\nเยาวยอด\nเยาวราช\nเยาวเรศ\nเยาวลักษณ์\nเยาวพา\nเยาวพาณี\nเยาวพาน\nเยาะ\nเยิง\nเยิน\nเยิ่น\nเยิ่นเย้อ\nเยินยอ\nเยิบ\nเยิบยาบ\nเยิ้ม\nเยีย\nเยี่ยง\nเยี่ยงอย่าง\nเยียงผา\nเยียดยัด\nเยียน\nเยียบ\nเยี่ยม\nเยียรบับ\nเยียรยง\nเยียว\nเยี่ยว\nเยียวยา\nเยือ\nเยื่อ\nเยื้อ\nเยือก\nเยือง\nเยื่อง\nเยื้อง\nเยือน\nเยื้อน\nแย่\nแย้\nแยก\nแยง\nแย่ง\nแย้ง\nแยงแย่\nแยงแย้\nแยบ\nแย็บ\nแยม\nแย้ม\nแยแส\nแยะ\nโย\nโย้\nโยก\nโยกเยก\nโยคาพจร\nโยคาวจร\nโยคเกณฑ์\nโยคยะ\nโยคะ\nโยคิน\nโยคี\nโยง\nโย่ง\nโย่งเย่ง\nโยงโย่\nโยชน์\nโยชนา\nโยถิกะ\nโยทะกา\nโยธวาทิต\nโยธา\nโยธิน\nโยน\nโยนก\nโยนิโส\nโยนี\nโยม\nโยโส\nใย\nไย\nไย่\nไยดี\nไยไพ\nรก\nรง\nรงค์\nรงควัตถุ\nรงรอง\nรจนา\nรจเรข\nรจเลข\nรจิต\nรชตะ\nรชนิ\nรชนี\nรชะ\nรณรงค์\nรด\nรดี\nรตนะ\nรตะ\nรติ\nรถ\nรน\nร่น\nรบ\nรบาญ\nรพี\nรม\nร่ม\nรมณี\nรมณีย์\nรมณียสถาน\nรมย์\nรมเยศ\nรยางค์\nรวก\nรวง\nร่วง\nรวด\nรวน\nรวนเร\nร่วน\nรวบ\nรวม\nร่วม\nรวย\nรวิ\nรวิวาร\nรวี\nรศนา\nรส\nรสนา\nรสสุคนธ์\nรสายนเวท\nรสิก\nรหัท\nรหัส\nรโห\nรโหฐาน\nรอ\nร่อ\nรอก\nรอง\nร่อง\nร้อง\nรองเง็ง\nร่องแร่ง\nรอด\nรอน\nร่อน\nร้อน\nรอบ\nรอบคอบ\nรอม\nรอมชอม\nรอมร่อ\nรอย\nร่อย\nร้อย\nร่อแร่\nระ\nระกะ\nระกา\nระกำ\nระเกะระกะ\nระคน\nระคาง\nระคาย\nระแคะ\nระฆัง\nระงม\nระงับ\nระแง้\nระโงกหิน\nระชวย\nระดม\nระดะ\nระดับ\nระดา\nระด่าว\nระดู\nระเด่น\nระเดียง\nระแด\nระตู\nระทก\nระทด\nระทม\nระทวย\nระทา\nระทึก\nระแทะ\nระนาด\nระนาบ\nระนาม\nระนาว\nระเนน\nระเนระนาด\nระเนียด\nระแนง\nระแนะ\nระบบ\nระบม\nระบอบ\nระบัด\nระบับ\nระบาด\nระบาย\nระบำ\nระบิล\nระบือ\nระบุ\nระเบง\nระเบ็ง\nระเบิด\nระเบียง\nระเบียน\nระเบียบ\nระแบบ\nระมัดระวัง\nระมาด\nระเมียร\nระย่อ\nระย่อม\nระยะ\nระยั้ง\nระยับ\nระย้า\nระยาบ\nระยำ\nระยิบระยับ\nระโยง\nระโยงระยาง\nระรวย\nระรอง\nระร่อน\nระรัว\nระราน\nระร่าย\nระริก\nระรี่\nระรึง\nระรื่น\nระรื้น\nระเร้ง\nระเริง\nระเรียง\nระเรื่อย\nระแรง\nระลวง\nระลอก\nระลึก\nระวัง\nระวาง\nระวาย\nระวิง\nระแวง\nระแวดระวัง\nระไว\nระส่ำระสาย\nระหกระเหิน\nระหง\nระหวย\nระหว่าง\nระหองระแหง\nระหัด\nระหาย\nระเห็จ\nระเหย\nระเหระหน\nระเหหน\nระเหิด\nระเหินระหก\nระแหง\nระโหย\nระอา\nระอิดระอา\nระอุ\nรัก\nรักข์\nรักขิต\nรักตะ\nรักบี้\nรักเร่\nรักแร้\nรักษ์\nรักษา\nรัง\nรั้ง\nรังเกียจ\nรังแก\nรังค์\nรังควาน\nรังแค\nรังรอง\nรังวัด\nรังสิ\nรังสี\nรังสิมันตุ์\nรังสิมา\nรัจฉา\nรัช\nรัชชูปการ\nรัชมังคลาภิเษก\nรัชชุ\nรัชฎาภิเษก\nรัชดาภิเษก\nรัชนะ\nรัชนี\nรัญจวน\nรัฏฐาภิปาลโนบาย\nรัฐ\nรัฐประศาสโนบาย\nรัฐประศาสนศาสตร์\nรัด\nรัต\nรัตกัมพล\nรัตมณี\nรัตคน\nรัตจันทน์\nรัตตัญญู\nรัตติ\nรัตน์\nรัตนะ\nรัตนโกสินทร์\nรัตนโกสินทรศก\nรัตนชาติ\nรัตนตรัย\nรัตนบัลลังก์\nรัตนวราภรณ์\nรัตนสิงหาสน์\nรัตนา\nรัตนากร\nรัตนาภรณ์\nรัตนาวลี\nรัตมา\nรัถ\nรัถยา\nรัทเทอร์ฟอร์เดียม\nรัน\nรั้น\nรันทด\nรันทวย\nรับ\nรัมณียสถาน\nรัมภา\nรัมมี่\nรัมย์\nรัย\nรัว\nรั่ว\nรั้ว\nรัศมิมัต\nรัศมิมาน\nรัศมี\nรัษฎากร\nรัสเซีย\nรัสสะ\nรัสสระ\nรา\nร่า\nร้า\nราก\nรากษส\nรากสาด\nราคะ\nราคจริต\nราคา\nราคิน\nราคี\nราง\nร่าง\nร้าง\nรางจืด\nรางชาง\nรางวัล\nราช\nราชกิจจานุเบกษา\nราชนิกุล\nราชวโรงการ\nราชญี\nราชดัด\nราชพฤกษ์\nราชมาณพ\nราชมาษ\nราชมาส\nราชย์\nราชสีห์\nราชะ\nราชัน\nราชันย์\nราชัย\nราชา\nราชาธิปไตย\nราชาธิราช\nราชาภิเษก\nราชายตนะ\nราชาวดี\nราชี\nราชินิกุล\nราชินีกุล\nราชินี\nราชินูปถัมภ์\nราชูปถัมภ์\nราชูปโภค\nราเชน\nราเชนทร์\nราเชนทรยาน\nราโชวาท\nราไชศวรรย์\nราญ\nราญรอน\nราด\nราต\nราตร\nราตรี\nราน\nร่าน\nร้าน\nราบ\nราพณ์\nราพณาสูร\nราม\nรามเกียรติ์\nรามสูร\nรามัญ\nรามา\nราย\nร่าย\nร้าย\nราว\nร้าว\nราวี\nราศี\nราษฎร\nราษฎร์\nราษตรี\nราษราตรี\nราหุ\nราหู\nรำ\nร่ำ\nรำคาญ\nรำงับ\nรำจวน\nรำบาญ\nรำพัน\nรำพาย\nรำพึง\nรำเพย\nรำไพ\nรำมะนา\nรำมะนาด\nรำมะร่อ\nร่ำรวย\nร่ำร่ำ\nรำไร\nรำลึก\nรำหัด\nรำหัส\nริ\nริก\nริดสีดวง\nริน\nริ้น\nริบ\nริบบิ้น\nริบรี่\nริบหรี่\nริปุ\nริปู\nริม\nริ้ว\nริษยา\nรี\nรี่\nรี้พล\nรีด\nรีดักชัน\nรีต\nรีเนียม\nรีบ\nรีม\nรีรอ\nรี้ริก\nรึง\nรึ้ง\nรื่น\nรื้น\nรื้อ\nรุ\nรุก\nรุกข์\nรุกขชาติ\nรุกขเทวดา\nรุกขมูล\nรุกขา\nรุกรุย\nรุ่ง\nรุ้ง\nรุงรัง\nรุ่งริ่ง\nรุจ\nรุจา\nรุจนะ\nรุจิ\nรุจี\nรุจิระ\nรุจิรา\nรุด\nรุต\nรุทธ์\nรุทระ\nรุธิร\nรุธิระ\nรุเธียร\nรุน\nรุ่น\nรุบรู่\nรุม\nรุ่ม\nรุ่มร่าม\nรุย\nรุ่ย\nรุรุ\nรุหะ\nรู\nรู่\nรู้\nรูจี\nรูด\nรูทีเนียม\nรูบิเดียม\nรูป\nรูปิยะ\nรูปี\nรูเล็ตต์\nเร่\nเรข\nเรขา\nเรขาคณิต\nเร็ง\nเร่ง\nเร้ง\nเรณุ\nเรณู\nเรดอน\nเรดาร์\nเรเดียม\nเร้น\nเรรวน\nเรไร\nเร็ว\nเร่ว\nเรวดี\nเรอ\nเร่อ\nเรา\nเร่า\nเร้า\nเราะ\nเริง\nเริด\nเริม\nเริ่ม\nเริ้ม\nเริศร้าง\nเรี่ย\nเรี้ย\nเรียก\nเรียง\nเรียด\nเรียน\nเรียบ\nเรียม\nเรี่ยม\nเรียว\nเรี่ยว\nเรี้ยวรก\nเรือ\nเรื่อ\nเรื้อ\nเรือก\nเรือง\nเรื่อง\nเรื้อง\nเรืองรอง\nเรือด\nเรือน\nเรื้อน\nเรื่อย\nแร\nแร่\nแรก\nแร็กเกต\nแรง\nแร่ง\nแร้ง\nแรด\nแร้นแค้น\nแรม\nแร้ว\nแระ\nโร\nโร่\nโรค\nโรคา\nโรคาพาธ\nโรง\nโรจ\nโรจน์\nโรเดียม\nโรตี\nโรท\nโรธ\nโรม\nโรมัน\nโรเมอร์\nโรย\nโรเร\nโรหิณี\nโรหิต\nไร\nไร่\nไร้\nไรย์\nฤกษ์\nฤกษณะ\nฤคเวท\nฤชา\nฤชุ\nฤณ\nฤดี\nฤดียา\nฤดู\nฤต\nฤติยา\nฤตุ\nฤทธา\nฤทธิ์\nฤทัย\nฤษภ\nฤษยา\nฤษี\nฤๅ\nฤๅดี\nฤๅทัย\nฤๅษี\nฤๅสาย\nลก\nล่ก\nลฆุ\nลง\nล่ง\nลงกา\nล้งเล้ง\nลด\nลดา\nลดาวัลย์\nลน\nล้น\nลบ\nลบอง\nลพ\nลพุช\nลม\nล่ม\nล้ม\nลมาด\nลรรลุง\nลลนา\nลลิต\nลวก\nลวง\nล่วง\nล้วง\nลวณะ\nลวด\nล้วน\nลวนลาม\nลวนะ\nล่วม\nลวะ\nลวิตร\nลหุ\nลหุกาบัติ\nล่อ\nล้อ\nลอก\nล็อก\nล็อกเกต\nลอกแลก\nลอการิทึม\nลอง\nล่อง\nลองกอง\nลองจิจูด\nลองไน\nลอด\nลอตเตอรี่\nลอน\nล่อน\nลอบ\nลอม\nล้อม\nลอมชอม\nลอมพอก\nลอย\nล่อย\nล่อแล่\nลอว์เรนเซียม\nลออ\nละ\nล่ะ\nละคร\nละติจูด\nละบม\nละบอง\nละบือ\nละเบ็ง\nละโบม\nละม่อม\nละมั่ง\nละมาน\nละม้าย\nละมุ\nละมุด\nละมุน\nละเมอ\nละเมาะ\nละเมิด\nละเมียด\nละแมะ\nละโมก\nละโมบ\nละไม\nละลวย\nละลอก\nละล้า\nละล้าละลัง\nละลาน\nละลาบละล้วง\nละลาย\nละล้าว\nละล่ำละลัก\nละลิบ\nละลุม\nละเลง\nละเล้า\nละเลาะ\nละเลิง\nละเลียด\nละเลียบ\nละไล้\nละว้า\nละวาด\nละเวง\nละแวก\nละโว้\nละหมาด\nละห้อย\nละหาน\nละหาร\nละหุ่ง\nละเหย\nละเหี่ย\nละอง\nละออง\nละอาย\nละเอียด\nละแอน\nลัก\nลักขณะ\nลักขณา\nลักขะ\nลักขี\nลักจั่น\nลักปิดลักเปิด\nลักษณ์\nลักษณนาม\nลักษณะ\nลักษณาการ\nลักษมณ์\nลักษมาณา\nลักษมี\nลักษะ\nลัคคะ\nลัคน์\nลัคนา\nลัง\nลั่ง\nลังกา\nลังคี\nลังถึง\nลังลอง\nลังเล\nลังสาด\nลัชชา\nลัชชี\nลัญจ์\nลัญจกร\nลัญฉกร\nลัญฉน์\nลัฐิ\nลัฐิกา\nลัด\nลัดา\nลัทธ์\nลัทธิ\nลัน\nลั่น\nลันเต\nลันเตา\nลันไต\nลั่นทม\nลันโทม\nลับ\nลัพธ์\nลัพธิ\nลัภ\nลัภนะ\nลัภย์\nลัมพ์\nลัย\nลา\nล่า\nล้า\nลาก\nลาง\nล่าง\nล้าง\nลางลิง\nลางสาด\nลาช\nลาชะ\nลาชา\nลาญ\nลาด\nลาดเลา\nล้าต้า\nล่าเตียง\nลาน\nล่าน\nล้าน\nลาบ\nลาพอน\nลาภ\nลาม\nล่าม\nลามก\nลาย\nล้าย\nลายสือ\nลาลา\nลาว\nลาวัณย์\nลาวา\nลำ\nล่ำ\nล้ำ\nลำเข็ญ\nลำแข\nลำเค็ญ\nลำเจียก\nลำดวน\nลำดับ\nลำเนา\nลำบอง\nลำบาก\nลำปำ\nลำพวน\nลำพอง\nลำพัง\nลำพู\nลำเพ็ญ\nลำเพา\nลำแพน\nลำโพง\nลำไพ่\nลำภุขัน\nลำมะลอก\nลำยอง\nลำไย\nลำลอง\nล่ำลา\nลำลาบ\nลำลึก\nลำเลาะ\nลำเลิก\nลำเลียง\nลำเวียง\nลำเอียก\nลำเอียง\nลิ\nลิกขา\nลิกไนต์\nลิกู\nลิเก\nลิขนะ\nลิขสิทธิ์\nลิขิต\nลิง\nลิงค์\nลิด\nลิต\nลิตมัส\nลิตร\nลิเทียม\nลิ่น\nลิ้น\nลินจง\nลิ้นจี่\nลินลา\nลินสีด\nลิ่นฮื้อ\nลินิน\nลิบ\nลิปดา\nลิปสติก\nลิปิ\nลิฟต์\nลิเภา\nลิ่ม\nลิ้ม\nลิมป์\nลิมปนะ\nลิลิต\nลิว\nลิ่ว\nลิสง\nลี\nลี่\nลี้\nลีซอ\nลีบ\nลีลา\nลีลาศ\nลีฬหา\nลึก\nลึงค์\nลืด\nลื่น\nลื้น\nลืบ\nลืม\nลือ\nลื่อ\nลื้อ\nลุ\nลุก\nลุง\nลุ้ง\nลุ่น\nลุ้น\nลุพธ์\nลุ่ม\nลุมพี\nลุมพู\nลุย\nลุ่ย\nลุ้ย\nลู่\nลูก\nลูกระมาศ\nลูกเอ็น\nลูขะ\nลูทีเชียม\nลูบ\nเลก\nเล็ก\nเลข\nเลขา\nเลขาธิการ\nเลขานุการ\nเล็ง\nเล้ง\nเล่งฮื้อ\nเลเซอร์\nเลฑฑุ\nเลณฑุ\nเลณะ\nเล็ด\nเลน\nเล็น\nเล่น\nเลนส์\nเล็บ\nเลบง\nเลปกร\nเลปน์\nเลเป\nเลเพ\nเล็ม\nเล่ม\nเลย\nเลว\nเลวง\nเลวูโลส\nเลศ\nเลษฏุ\nเล่ห์\nเล่ห์กระเท่ห์\nเลหลัง\nเลหะ\nเลอ\nเล่อ\nเลอะ\nเลอะเทอะ\nเละ\nเละเทะ\nเลา\nเล่า\nเล้า\nเลากัย\nเล้าโลม\nเลาะ\nเลิก\nเลิ่กลั่ก\nเลิง\nเลิ้ง\nเลินเล่อ\nเลิศ\nเลีย\nเลียง\nเลี่ยง\nเลี้ยง\nเลียงผา\nเลียงฝ้าย\nเลียงมัน\nเลียน\nเลี่ยน\nเลียนไฟ\nเลียบ\nเลี่ยม\nเลียว\nเลี้ยว\nเลือก\nเลือง\nเลื่อง\nเลือด\nเลือน\nเลื่อน\nเลื่อม\nเลื่อย\nเลื้อย\nเลื่อยล้า\nแล\nแล่\nแล้\nแลก\nแล็กเกอร์\nแล็กโทส\nแลง\nแล่ง\nแล้ง\nแลน\nแล่น\nแลนทานัม\nแลบ\nแล้ว\nและ\nโล่\nโล้\nโลก\nโลกเชษฐ์\nโลกธรรม\nโลกธาตุ\nโลกนาถ\nโลกบาล\nโลกย์\nโลกัย\nโลกวัชชะ\nโลกวิทู\nโลกัตถจริยา\nโลกันตร์\nโลกา\nโลกาธิบดี\nโลกาธิปไตย\nโลกานุวัตร\nโลกาภิวัตน์\nโลกามิส\nโลกายัต\nโลกาวินาศ\nโลกิยะ\nโลกีย์\nโลกียวัตร\nโลกียวิสัย\nโลกียสุข\nโลกุตระ\nโลกุตรธรรม\nโลกุตรภูมิ\nโลง\nโล่ง\nโล้ง\nโล่งโจ้ง\nโล่งโต้ง\nโล้งโต้ง\nโลจนะ\nโลณะ\nโลด\nโล่ติ๊น\nโลโต\nโลท\nโลน\nโล้น\nโลภ\nโลม\nโลมเล้า\nโลมะ\nโลมา\nโลลุป\nโลเล\nโลโล\nโลโล้\nโลหะ\nโลหกุมภี\nโลหัช\nโลหิต\nไล่\nไล้\nไลย\nไลลา\nไล่เลี่ย\nฦๅ\nฦๅชา\nฦๅสาย\nวก\nวง\nวงก์\nวงกต\nวงศ์\nวงศกร\nวงศา\nวงษ์\nวจนะ\nวจี\nวชิระ\nวชิรปาณี\nวชิรหัตถ์\nวชิราวุธ\nวฏะ\nวฏาการ\nวณิช\nวณิชชา\nวณิชย์\nวณิชยา\nวณิพก\nวดี\nวทนะ\nวทัญญุตา\nวทัญญู\nวธุกา\nวธู\nวน\nวนศาสตร์\nวนสณฑ์\nวนสัณฑ์\nวนอุทยาน\nวนัส\nวนัสบดี\nวนา\nวนาดร\nวนาดอน\nวนานต์\nวนาลัย\nวนาลี\nวนาวาส\nวนาศรม\nวนาสณฑ์\nวนาสัณฑ์\nวนิดา\nวนิพก\nวเนจร\nวโนทยาน\nวยัคฆ์\nวยากรณ์\nวรดนู\nวรทาน\nวรมหาวิหาร\nวรงค์\nวรณะ\nวรรค\nวรรคย์\nวรรช\nวรรชย์\nวรรณะ\nวรรณกรรม\nวรรณคดี\nวรรณยุกต์\nวรรณยุต\nวรรณศิลป์\nวรรณนา\nวรรณพฤติ\nวรรณึก\nวรรธกะ\nวรรธนะ\nวรรษ\nวรรษา\nวรวิหาร\nวรัญญู\nวรางคณา\nวรางคนา\nวราห์\nวราหะ\nวรุณ\nวโรดม\nวฤก\nวลัช\nวลัญช์\nวลัญชน์\nวลัย\nวลาหก\nวลี\nวศค\nวศะ\nวศิน\nวสนะ\nวสภะ\nวสละ\nวสวัดดี\nวสวัตตี\nวสะ\nวสันต์\nวสันตดิลก\nวสันตฤดู\nวสันตวิษุวัต\nวสา\nวสี\nวสุ\nวสุธา\nวสุนธรา\nวสุมดี\nวหะ\nวอ\nวอก\nวอกแวก\nว่องไว\nวอด\nวอน\nว่อน\nว็อบ\nวอมแวม\nวอลเลย์บอล\nวอแว\nวะ\nวัก\nวักกะ\nวัคคีย์\nวัคคุ\nวัคซีน\nวัง\nวังก์\nวังชา\nวังเวง\nวังศะ\nวังสะ\nวัจจะ\nวัจกุฎี\nวัจฉละ\nวัจน์\nวัช\nวัชชะ\nวัชพืช\nวัชฌ์\nวัชระ\nวัชรปาณี\nวัชรยาน\nวัชรอาสน์\nวัชราสน์\nวัชรินทร์\nวัชรี\nวัชเรนทร์\nวัฏ\nวัฏฏะ\nวัฏจักร\nวัฏทุกข์\nวัฏสงสาร\nวัฏกะ\nวัฏฏิ\nวัฒกะ\nวัฒกี\nวัฒนธรรม\nวัฒนะ\nวัฒนา\nวัณ\nวัณโรค\nวัณฏ์\nวัณณะ\nวัณนา\nวัด\nวัต\nวัตต์\nวัตตา\nวัตถ์\nวัตถาภรณ์\nวัตถาลังการ\nวัตถุ\nวัตนะ\nวัตร\nวัตสดร\nวัตสะ\nวัติ\nวัทน์\nวัน\nวันต์\nวันทนา\nวันทนาการ\nวันทนีย์\nวันทยหัตถ์\nวันทยาวุธ\nวันทา\nวันทิ\nวับ\nวับวาบ\nวับวาม\nวับแวบ\nวับแวม\nวัปปะ\nวัมมิกะ\nวัย\nวัลก์\nวัลคุ\nวัลย์\nวัลลภ\nวัลลี\nวัว\nวัสสะ\nวัสโสทก\nวัสดุ\nวัสตร์\nวัสน์\nวัสนะ\nวัสสานะ\nวัสสานฤดู\nวา\nว่า\nว้า\nว้าเหว่\nวาก\nว้าก\nวากยสัมพันธ์\nวากยะ\nวาง\nว่าง\nว้าง\nวาจก\nวาจา\nวาจาไปยะ\nวาจาล\nวาชเปยะ\nวาณิช\nวาณิชกะ\nวาณิชย์\nวาณี\nวาด\nวาต\nวาตะ\nวาตภัย\nวาท\nวาทศาสตร์\nวาทศิลป์\nวาทกะ\nวาทนะ\nวาทย์\nวาทยกร\nวาทิต\nวาทิน\nวาที\nวาน\nวานซืน\nว่าน\nวานร\nวานรินทร์\nวาเนเดียม\nวาบ\nวาปี\nวาม\nวามน\nวามนาวตาร\nวามะ\nวาย\nว่าย\nว้าย\nวายะ\nวาโย\nวายามะ\nวายุ\nวายุกูล\nวาร\nวาระ\nวารสาร\nวารสารศาสตร์\nวาริ\nวารี\nวาริช\nวารีช\nวาริท\nวาริธร\nวารุณ\nวารุณี\nวาล\nวาลวีชนี\nวาล์ว\nวาลิกา\nวาลุกา\nวาว\nว่าว\nว้าว่อน\nว้าวุ่น\nวาสนะ\nวาสนา\nวาสพ\nวาสะ\nวาสิน\nวาสี\nวาสุกรี\nวาสุกี\nวาสุเทพ\nวาหนะ\nวาหะ\nวาหินี\nวาฬ\nวิกขัมภ์\nวิกขัมภนะ\nวิกเขป\nวิกรม\nวิกรัย\nวิกรานต์\nวิกฤต\nวิกฤติ\nวิกล\nวิกสิต\nวิกัต\nวิกัติ\nวิกัติการก\nวิกัป\nวิกัย\nวิการ\nวิกาล\nวิกาลโภชน์\nวิคหะ\nวิเคราะห์\nวิฆเนศ\nวิฆเนศวร\nวิฆาต\nวิง\nวิ่ง\nวิ่งเปี้ยว\nวิงวอน\nวิจฉิกะ\nวิจล\nวิจักขณ์\nวิจักษ์\nวิจักษณ์\nวิจัย\nวิจาร\nวิจารณ์\nวิจารณญาณ\nวิจิ\nวิจิกิจฉา\nวิจิต\nวิจิตร\nวิจิน\nวิจุณ\nวิจุรณ\nวิชชา\nวิชชุ\nวิชชุดา\nวิชชุตา\nวิชชุลดา\nวิชญะ\nวิชน\nวิชนี\nวิชย\nวิชัย\nวิชา\nวิชานนะ\nวิชิต\nวิเชียร\nวิญญัตติ\nวิญญาณ\nวิญญาณกทรัพย์\nวิญญู\nวิฑูรย์\nวิด\nวิตก\nวิตถาร\nวิตามิน\nวิถี\nวิทธะ\nวิทยฐานะ\nวิทยา\nวิทยาคม\nวิทยาคาร\nวิทยาลัย\nวิทยุ\nวิทยุต\nวิทวัส\nวิทัตถิ\nวิทัศน์\nวิทารณ์\nวิทิต\nวิทู\nวิทูร\nวิเทศ\nวิเทโศบาย\nวิธ\nวิธวา\nวิธาน\nวิธี\nวิธุระ\nวิธู\nวิธูปนะ\nวิ่น\nวินตกะ\nวินัย\nวินาที\nวินายก\nวินาศ\nวินิจ\nวินิจฉัย\nวินิต\nวินิบาต\nวินิปาติก\nวิเนต\nวิบัติ\nวิบาก\nวิบุล\nวิบุลย์\nวิบูล\nวิบูลย์\nวิปการ\nวิปฏิสาร\nวิปโยค\nวิประโยค\nวิปริต\nวิปลาส\nวิปวาส\nวิปักษ์\nวิปัสสก\nวิปัสสนา\nวิปัสสนายานิก\nวิพากษ์\nวิพิธทัศนา\nวิพุธ\nวิภว\nวิภวตัณหา\nวิภังค์\nวิภัช\nวิภัตติ\nวิภา\nวิภาค\nวิภาช\nวิภาดา\nวิภาวี\nวิภาษ\nวิภาส\nวิภู\nวิภูษณะ\nวิภูษา\nวิภูษิต\nวิมน\nวิมล\nวิมลัก\nวิมังสา\nวิมัติ\nวิมาน\nวิมุข\nวิมุต\nวิมุตติ\nวิเมลือง\nวิโมกข์\nวิโยค\nวิระ\nวิรงรอง\nวิรังรอง\nวิรัช\nวิรัต\nวิรัติ\nวิราคะ\nวิราม\nวิริยภาพ\nวิริยะ\nวิรุธ\nวิรุฬห์\nวิรุฬหก\nวิรูป\nวิรูปักษ์\nวิเรนทร์\nวิโรจ\nวิโรจน์\nวิโรฒ\nวิโรธ\nวิลันดา\nวิลัย\nวิลาด\nวิลาศ\nวิลาป\nวิลาวัณย์\nวิลาส\nวิลาสินี\nวิลิปดา\nวิลิศมาหรา\nวิเลป\nวิเลปนะ\nวิโลกนะ\nวิโลม\nวิไล\nวิไลวรรณ\nวิวรณ์\nวิวรรธน์\nวิวัฏ\nวิวัฒน์\nวิวัฒนาการ\nวิวัน\nวิวาท\nวิวาห์\nวิวาหมงคล\nวิวาหะ\nวิวิต\nวิวิธ\nวิเวก\nวิศรุต\nวิศว\nวิศวกร\nวิศวกรรม\nวิศวกรรมศาสตร์\nวิศัลย์\nวิศาขบูชา\nวิศาขา\nวิศาล\nวิศิษฏ์\nวิศุทธ์\nวิศุทธิ์\nวิเศษ\nวิเศษณ์\nวิษณุ\nวิษณุกรรม\nวิษธร\nวิษัย\nวิษาณ\nวิษุวัต\nวิสกี้\nวิสรรชนีย์\nวิสฤต\nวิสสุกรรม\nวิสัชนา\nวิสัญญี\nวิสัย\nวิสัยทัศน์\nวิสาขบูชา\nวิสาขะ\nวิสาขา\nวิสามัญ\nวิสามานยนาม\nวิสาร\nวิสารทะ\nวิสาล\nวิสาสะ\nวิสาหกิจ\nวิสิฐ\nวิสุงคามสีมา\nวิสุทธ์\nวิสุทธิ์\nวิสูตร\nวิเสท\nวิหค\nวิหลั่น\nวิหาร\nวิหิงสา\nวิเหสา\nวิฬาร\nวิฬาร์\nวี\nวีจิ\nวีชนี\nวีณา\nวี้ด\nวีรกรรม\nวีรชน\nวีรบุรุษ\nวีรสตรี\nวี่วัน\nวี่แวว\nวีสะ\nวุ้ง\nวุฐิ\nวุฒ\nวุฒิ\nวุด\nวุ่น\nวุ้น\nวุบ\nวุ้ย\nวุลแฟรม\nวู้\nวูดวาด\nวูบ\nวู่วาม\nเว้\nเวค\nเวคิน\nเวคี\nเวจ\nเวช\nเวชยันต์\nเวฐน์\nเวณิ\nเวณิก\nเวณุ\nเวตน์\nเวตร\nเวตาล\nเวท\nเวทคู\nเวทนา\nเวทย์\nเวทัลละ\nเวทางค์\nเวทางคศาสตร์\nเวทานต์\nเวทานตะ\nเวทิ\nเวที\nเวธะ\nเวน\nเว้น\nเวนไตย\nเวไนย\nเวมัต\nเว้ย\nเวยยากรณะ\nเวร\nเวรมณี\nเวรี\nเวโรจน์\nเวลา\nเวเลนซี\nเวศม์\nเวศย์\nเวศยา\nเวสน์\nเวสภู\nเวสม์\nเวสวัณ\nเวสสะ\nเวสสันดร\nเวสสุกรรม\nเวสสุวัณ\nเวสารัช\nเวสิยา\nเวหน\nเวหะ\nเวหา\nเวหาส\nเวฬุ\nเวฬุริยะ\nเว่อ\nเว้า\nเวิก\nเวิ้ง\nเวี่ย\nเวียง\nเวียด\nเวียดนาม\nเวียน\nเวียร\nเวี่ยว\nแว้\nแวง\nแว้ง\nแวด\nแว้ด\nแวน\nแว่น\nแวนดา\nแวบ\nแว็บ\nแวม\nแว็ม\nแวว\nแว่ว\nแวะ\nโว\nโว่\nโวการ\nโว่ง\nโวทาน\nโวย\nโว้ย\nโว้เว้\nโวหาร\nไว\nไว้\nไวกูณฐ์\nไวฑูรย์\nไวทย์\nไวน์\nไวพจน์\nไวยากรณ์\nไวยาวัจกร\nไวยาวัจมัย\nไวรัส\nไววรรณ\nไวษณพ\nไวโอลิน\nศก\nศกุน\nศกุนต์\nศกุนิ\nศกุนี\nศจี\nศตะ\nศตภิษัช\nศตวรรษ\nศตพรรษ\nศตกะ\nศนิ\nศพ\nศมนะ\nศมะ\nศยาม\nศยามล\nศร\nศรายุธ\nศราวรณ์\nศรรกรา\nศรวณะ\nศรวณีย์\nศรวิษฐา\nศรัณย์\nศรัณยู\nศรัท\nศรัทธา\nศรัย\nศราทธ์\nศราทธพรต\nศราพก\nศราวก\nศราวณะ\nศรี\nศรีตรัง\nศรุติ\nศฤคาล\nศฤงค์\nศฤงคาร\nศฤงคาริน\nศฤงคารี\nศลิษฏ์\nศลิษา\nศวะ\nศวัส\nศวา\nศวาน\nศศะ\nศศธร\nศศพินทุ์\nศศลักษณ์\nศศิ\nศศิน\nศศี\nศศิขัณฑ์\nศศิธร\nศศิมณฑล\nศศิวิมล\nศอ\nศอก\nศักดา\nศักดิ\nศักดิ์\nศักดินา\nศักติ\nศักย\nศักยภาพ\nศักย์\nศักยะ\nศักร\nศักรินทร์\nศักเรนทร์\nศักราช\nศังกร\nศัตรู\nศันสนะ\nศันสนีย์\nศัพท์\nศัยยา\nศัล\nศัลย์\nศัลยกรรม\nศัลยแพทย์\nศัลยศาสตร์\nศัสดร\nศัสตร\nศัสตรศาสตร์\nศัสตรา\nศัสตราวุธ\nศากตะ\nศากย\nศากยะ\nศากยพุทธ\nศากยมุนี\nศาฎก\nศาณ\nศานต์\nศานติ\nศาป\nศารท\nศารทูล\nศาริกา\nศาล\nศาลา\nศาศวัต\nศาสดา\nศาสตร์\nศาสตรา\nศาสตราจารย์\nศาสนา\nศาสนกิจ\nศาสนจักร\nศาสนธรรม\nศาสนบุคคล\nศาสนพิธี\nศาสนวัตถุ\nศาสนศาสตร์\nศาสนสถาน\nศาสนสมบัติ\nศาสนิกชน\nศาสนีย์\nศาสนูปถัมภก\nศาสน์\nศิกษก\nศิการ\nศิขร\nศิขริน\nศิขรี\nศิขัณฑ์\nศิคาล\nศิงขร\nศิงขริน\nศิตะ\nศิถี\nศิพิระ\nศิระ\nศิรประภา\nศิราภรณ์\nศิโรรัตน์\nศิโรเวฐน์\nศิรา\nศิรามพุช\nศิโรราบ\nศิลป\nศิลป์\nศิลปะ\nศิลปกร\nศิลปกรรม\nศิลปกิจ\nศิลปวัตถุ\nศิลปวิทยา\nศิลปศาสตร์\nศิลปศึกษา\nศิลปหัตถกรรม\nศิลปิน\nศิลปี\nศิลา\nศิวะ\nศิวโมกข์\nศิวลึงค์\nศิวเวท\nศิวาลัย\nศิศีระ\nศิษฎิ\nศิษฏ์\nศิษย์\nศิษยานุศิษย์\nศีขร\nศีต\nศีตกาล\nศีรษะ\nศีล\nศึก\nศึกษา\nศึกษาธิการ\nศึกษานิเทศก์\nศุกร์\nศุกรวรรณ\nศุกรวาร\nศุกระ\nศุกล\nศุกลปักษ์\nศุจิ\nศุทธะ\nศุทธิ\nศุนะ\nศุนิ\nศุภกร\nศุภเคราะห์\nศุภนิมิต\nศุภมัสดุ\nศุภมาตรา\nศุภมาส\nศุภอักษร\nศุภางค์\nศูกร\nศุลกากร\nศุลการักษ์\nศุลี\nศุษิร\nศูทร\nศูนย์\nศูนยวาท\nศูละ\nศูลิน\nเศรณี\nเศรษฐ\nเศรษฐ์\nเศรษฐกิจ\nเศรษฐศาสตร์\nเศรษฐี\nเศร้า\nเศลษ\nเศวต\nเศวตร\nเศวตัมพร\nเศษ\nเศาจ\nเศาร์\nเศารยะ\nเศิก\nเศียร\nโศก\nโศกา\nโศกาดูร\nโศกาลัย\nโศกี\nโศจิ\nโศธนะ\nโศภน\nโศภะ\nโศภา\nโศภิต\nโศภิน\nโศภิษฐ์\nโศภี\nโศรดา\nโศรตร\nโศลก\nไศล\nไศวะ\nษมา\nษัฏ\nษัฑ\nษัณ\nษัษ\nษัษฐะ\nษัษฐี\nโษฑศัน\nสก\nสกวาที\nสกฏะ\nสกทาคามิผล\nสกิทาคามิผล\nสกทาคามิมรรค\nสกิทาคามิมรรค\nสกทาคามี\nสกิทาคามี\nสกนธ์\nสกปรก\nสกรณีย์\nสกรรจ์\nสกรรมกริยา\nสกล\nสกลมหาสังฆปริณายก\nสกัด\nสกา\nสกาว\nสกี\nสกุณ\nสกุณา\nสกุณี\nสกุน\nสกุนต์\nสกุล\nสเกต\nสแกนเดียม\nสขะ\nสง\nส่ง\nสงกร\nสงกรานต์\nสงกา\nสงค์\nสงคร\nสงคราม\nสงเคราะห์\nสงฆ์\nสงบ\nสงวน\nส่งสการ\nสงสัย\nสงสาร\nสงสารวัฏ\nสงัด\nสง่า\nสฐะ\nสณฑ์\nสด\nสดมภ์\nสดับ\nสดับปกรณ์\nสดำ\nสดุดี\nสตะ\nสตน\nสตภิสชะ\nสตรอนเชียม\nสตริกนิน\nสตรี\nสตัฟฟ์\nสตัมภ์\nสตางค์\nสติ\nสติปัฏฐาน\nสตี\nสตู\nสตูป\nสเต๊ก\nสถบดี\nสถล\nสถวีระ\nสถาน\nสถานะ\nสถานี\nสถาบัน\nสถาปนา\nสถาปนิก\nสถาปัตยกรรม\nสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์\nสถาปัตยเรขา\nสถาปัตยเวท\nสถาพร\nสถาวร\nสถิต\nสถิตยศาสตร์\nสถิติ\nสถิร\nสถีรวาท\nสถุล\nสถูป\nสทิง\nสทึง\nสทุม\nสธนะ\nสาธุสะ\nสน\nส้น\nสนทนา\nสนทรรศ\nสนทรรศน์\nสนเทศ\nสนเท่ห์\nสนธยา\nสนธิ\nสนน\nสนม\nสนวน\nสนอง\nสนอบ\nสนอม\nสนะ\nสนัด\nสนั่น\nสนับ\nสนับทึบ\nสนับสนุน\nสนาน\nสนาม\nสนายุ\nสนิกะ\nสนิท\nสนิธ\nสนิม\nสนุก\nสนุกเกอร์\nสนุข\nสนุต\nสนุ่น\nสบ\nสบง\nสบถ\nสบัน\nสบาย\nสบู่\nสไบ\nสปริง\nสปอร์\nสปาเกตตี\nสเปกตรัม\nสเปกโทรสโกป\nสไปริลลัม\nสพาบ\nสภา\nสภาพ\nสภาวการณ์\nสภาวะ\nสม\nสมการ\nสมจารี\nสมดุล\nสมมูล\nส้ม\nสมญา\nสมณะ\nสมณบริขาร\nสมณศักดิ์\nสมณสารูป\nสมเด็จ\nสมถะ\nสมถยานิก\nสมถวิปัสสนา\nสมนาคุณ\nสมบัติ\nสมบุกสมบัน\nสมบูรณ์\nสมบูรณาญาสิทธิราชย์\nสมประดี\nสมปฤดี\nสมปฤๅดี\nส้มป่อย\nสมปัก\nสมผุส\nสมพง\nสมพงศ์\nสมพล\nสมพัตสร\nสมพาส\nสมเพช\nสมโพธน์\nสมโพธิ\nสมภพ\nสมภาร\nสมโภค\nสมโภช\nสมมต\nสมมติ\nสมมุติ\nสมมาตร\nส้มมือ\nสมโมท\nสมโยค\nสมร\nสมรด\nสมรรถ\nสมรรถนะ\nสมรรถภาพ\nสมรส\nสมฤดี\nสมฤติ\nสมวายะ\nสมเสร็จ\nสมอ\nสมอง\nสมะ\nสมัคร\nสมังคี\nสมัช\nสมัชชา\nสมัญญา\nสมัต\nสมัน\nสมันต์\nสมัย\nสมา\nสมาคม\nสมาจาร\nสมาชิก\nสมาทาน\nสมาธิ\nสมาน\nสมานฉันท์\nสมาบัติ\nสมาพันธรัฐ\nสมาส\nสม่ำเสมอ\nสมิง\nสมิต\nสมิติ\nสมิทธ์\nสมิทธิ\nสมี\nสมุก\nสมุจจัย\nสมุจเฉท\nสมุฏฐาน\nสมุด\nสมุทร\nสมุทรโคดม\nสมุทัย\nสมุน\nสมุนไพร\nสมุลแว้ง\nสมุห\nสมุห์\nสมุหกลาโหม\nสมุหเทศาภิบาล\nสมุหนาม\nสมุหนายก\nสโมธาน\nสโมสร\nสยด\nสยนะ\nสยบ\nสยมพร\nสยมภู\nสยอง\nสยอน\nสยัมวรา\nสยาม\nสยามานุสติ\nสยามินทร์\nสยาย\nสยิว\nสยิ้ว\nสยุมพร\nสยุมภู\nสร\nสรง\nสร่ง\nสรณะ\nสรณคมน์\nสรณาคมน์\nสรณตรัย\nสรตะ\nสรทะ\nสรนุก\nสรเนาะ\nสรไน\nสรเพชญ\nสรภะ\nสรภัญญะ\nสรภู\nสรม\nสรร\nสรรค์\nสรรพ\nสรรพคุณ\nสรรพนาม\nสรรพสามิต\nสรรพัชญ\nสรรพากร\nสรรพางค์\nสรรเพชญ\nสรรเพชุดา\nสรรเสริญ\nสรลอน\nสรเลข\nสรวง\nสรวม\nสรวล\nสรเสริญ\nสร้อย\nสระ\nสระกอ\nสระท้อน\nสระพรั่ง\nสระอาด\nสรั่ง\nสรัสวดี\nสร่าง\nสร้าง\nสราญ\nสรี้\nสรีระ\nสรีรกิจ\nสรีรธาตุ\nสรีรวิทยา\nสรีรศาสตร์\nสรีรังคาร\nสรีรางคาร\nสรุป\nสโรช\nสโรชะ\nสฤก\nสฤต\nสฤษฎิ\nสฤษฎี\nสฤษฏ์\nสฤษดิ์\nสลด\nสลบ\nสลวน\nสลวย\nสลอด\nสลอน\nสลอย\nสละ\nสลัก\nสลัด\nสลัดได\nสลับ\nสลัว\nสลา\nสลาก\nสลาง\nสล้าง\nสลาด\nสลาตัน\nสลาบ\nสลาย\nสลิด\nสลิล\nสลึก\nสลึง\nสลุต\nสลุบ\nสลุมพร\nสแลง\nสวการย์\nสวภาพ\nสวราชย์\nสวก\nส้วง\nสวด\nสวน\nสวนะ\nสวนาการ\nส่วน\nสวนิต\nสวบ\nสวม\nส้วม\nสวย\nส่วย\nส้วย\nสวยม\nสวรรค\nสวรรค์\nสวรรคต\nสวรรคาลัย\nสวรรยา\nสวระ\nสวะ\nสวัสดิ\nสวัสดิ์\nสวัสดิการ\nสวัสดิภาพ\nสวัสดิมงคล\nสวัสดี\nสวัสติ\nสวาตี\nสวัสติกะ\nสวา\nสวาปาม\nสวาคตะ\nสวาง\nสว่าง\nสวาด\nสวาดิ\nสวาท\nสว่าน\nสว้าน\nสวาบ\nสวามิ\nสวามี\nสวามินี\nสวาย\nสวาสดิ์\nสวาหะ\nสวิง\nสวิญญาณกทรัพย์\nสวิตช์\nสสาร\nสสุระ\nสสุรี\nสหกรณ์\nสหการ\nสหจร\nสหชาต\nสหชาติ\nสหธรรม\nสหธรรมิก\nสหประชาชาติ\nสหพันธ์\nสหพันธรัฐ\nสหภาพ\nสหศึกษา\nสหัช\nสหัมบดี\nสหัส\nสหัสสะ\nสหัสธารา\nสหัสนัยน์\nสหัสเนตร\nสหัสรังสี\nสหัสา\nสหาย\nสอ\nส่อ\nสอง\nส่อง\nส้อง\nสอด\nสอน\nส่อน\nสอบ\nสอพลอ\nส้อม\nสอย\nสะ\nสะกด\nสะกอ\nสะกาง\nสะการะ\nสะกิด\nสะกิดสะเกา\nสะเก็ด\nสะแก\nสะคร้อ\nสะคราญ\nสะค้าน\nสะเงาะสะแงะ\nสะดม\nสะดวก\nสะดิ้ง\nสะดึง\nสะดือ\nสะดุ้ง\nสะดุด\nสะเด็ด\nสะเดา\nสะเดาะ\nสะตอ\nสะตาหมัน\nสะตึ\nสะตือ\nสะตุ\nสะเต๊ะ\nสะโตก\nสะทก\nสะท้อน\nสะท้าน\nสะทึก\nสะเทิน\nสะเทิ้น\nสะเทือน\nสะเทื้อน\nสะบะ\nสะบัก\nสะบักสะบอม\nสะบัด\nสะบัดสะบิ้ง\nสะบั้น\nสะบันงา\nสะบ้า\nสะบู\nสะแบง\nสะเปะสะปะ\nสะพรั่ง\nสะพรึงกลัว\nสะพรึบ\nสะพรึ่บ\nสะพัก\nสะพัง\nสะพัด\nสะพั้น\nสะพาน\nสะพาย\nสะเพร่า\nสะโพก\nสะเภา\nสะใภ้\nสะโมง\nสะระตะ\nสะระแหน่\nสะลาง\nสะลาบ\nสะลึมสะลือ\nสะวี้ดสะว้าด\nสะสม\nสะสวย\nสะสาง\nสะเหล่อ\nสะอาง\nสะอาด\nสะอ้าน\nสะอิ้ง\nสะอิดสะเอียน\nสะอึก\nสะอื้น\nสะเอ้ง\nสะเอว\nสะเออะ\nสะโอดสะอง\nสะไอ\nสัก\nสักกะ\nสักยะ\nสักกัจจะ\nสักกายทิฐิ\nสักการ\nสักการะ\nสักขี\nสักวา\nสักหลาด\nสัค\nสัคคะ\nสั่ง\nสังกร\nสังกรณี\nสังกรประโยค\nสังกะตัง\nสังกะวัง\nสังกะวาด\nสังกะสี\nสังกัด\nสังกัปปะ\nสังกา\nสังการ\nสังกาศ\nสังกิเลส\nสังเกต\nสังข์\nสังขกร\nสังขตธรรม\nสังขตะ\nสังขยา\nสังขลิก\nสังขลิกา\nสังขาร\nสังขารา\nสังเขป\nสังค์\nสังคญาติ\nสังคม\nสังคหะ\nสังคัง\nสังคายนา\nสังคายนาย\nสังคีต\nสังคีติ\nสังเค็ด\nสังเคราะห์\nสังฆกรรม\nสังฆการี\nสังฆเถระ\nสังฆทาน\nสังฆนายก\nสังฆปาโมกข์\nสังฆภัต\nสังฆเภท\nสังฆมณฑล\nสังฆมนตรี\nสังฆราช\nสังฆสภา\nสังฆาณัติ\nสังฆาฏิ\nสังฆาทิเสส\nสังฆาธิการ\nสังฆานุสติ\nสังฆาวาส\nสังยุตนิกาย\nสังโยค\nสังโยชน์\nสังวร\nสังวัจฉระ\nสังวัธยาย\nสังวาล\nสังวาส\nสังเวคะ\nสังเวช\nสังเวชนียสถาน\nสังเวย\nสังเวียน\nสังสกฤต\nสังสการ\nสังสนทนา\nสั่งสนทนา\nสังสรรค์\nสังสารวัฏ\nสังสิทธิ\nสังสุทธ์\nสังสุทธิ\nสังหร\nสังหรณ์\nสังหาร\nสังหาริมทรัพย์\nสังหาริมะ\nสังหิต\nสัจ\nสัจกิริยา\nสัจจะ\nสัจญาณ\nสัจธรรม\nสัจนิยม\nสัจพจน์\nสัชฌะ\nสัชฌุ\nสัญจร\nสัญเจตนา\nสัญชาตญาณ\nสัญชาติ\nสัญฌา\nสัญญา\nสัญญาณ\nสัญญี\nสัญโญชน์\nสัญนิยม\nสัญประกาศ\nสัญลักษณ์\nสัฐิ\nสัณฐาน\nสัณฐิติ\nสัณฑ์\nสัณห์\nสัด\nสัดจอง\nสัต\nสัตตะ\nสัตตาหกรณียะ\nสัตตาหกาลิก\nสัตมวาร\nสัตสดก\nสัตตบงกช\nสัตตบรรณ\nสัตตบุษย์\nสัตตู\nสัตถันดร\nสัตถา\nสัตถิ\nสัตถุ\nสัตถุศาสนา\nสัตบรรณ\nสัตย์\nสัตยพรต\nสัตยวาที\nสัตยาเคราะห์\nสัตยาธิษฐาน\nสัตยาบัน\nสัตว์\nสัตวชาติ\nสัตวบาล\nสัตวแพทย์\nสัตววิทยา\nสัตวา\nสัทธรรม\nสัทธา\nสัทธาจริต\nสัทธาธิกะ\nสัทธินทรีย์\nสัทธิงวิหาริก\nสัทธิวิหาริก\nสัทวิทยา\nสัทศาสตร์\nสัทอักษร\nสัน\nสั่น\nสั้น\nสันดาน\nสันดาป\nสันโดษ\nสันต์\nสันตติ\nสันตะปาปา\nสันตะวา\nสันติ\nสันตุฏฐี\nสันถวไมตรี\nสันถวะ\nสันถัต\nสันถาร\nสันทนะ\nสันทะ\nสันทัด\nสันทัสนะ\nสันทาน\nสันทิฐิก\nสันทิส\nสันเทหะ\nสันธาน\nสันนิธิ\nสันนิบาต\nสันนิวาส\nสันนิษฐาน\nสันสกฤต\nสับ\nสับปลับ\nสับปลี้\nสับปะรด\nสัปคับ\nสัปดาห์\nสัปดาหะ\nสัปดน\nสัปตศก\nสัปทน\nสัปปะ\nสัปปิ\nสัปปุริส\nสัปปุรุษ\nสัประยุทธ์\nสัปหงก\nสัปเหร่อ\nสัพ\nสัพพะ\nสัพพัญญู\nสัพเพเหระ\nสัพยอก\nสัมบูรณ์\nสัมปชัญญะ\nสัมปทา\nสัมปทาน\nสัมปยุต\nสัมปโยค\nสัมประสิทธิ์\nสัมประหาร\nสัมปรายภพ\nสัมปรายิกภพ\nสัมปัตติ\nสัมผัปลาป\nสัมผัปลาปะ\nสัมผัส\nสัมพล\nสัมพหุลา\nสัมพัจฉรฉินท์\nสัมพัตสร\nสัมพัทธ์\nสัมพันธ์\nสัมพันธน์\nสัมพันธภาพ\nสัมพันธมิตร\nสัมพันธไมตรี\nสัมพาหะ\nสัมพุทธ\nสัมพุทธะ\nสัมโพธิ\nสัมภวะ\nสัมภเวสี\nสัมภัต\nสัมภัตตะ\nสัมภาระ\nสัมภาษณ์\nสัมโภคกาย\nสัมมนา\nสัมมัปธาน\nสัมมา\nสัมโมทนียกถา\nสัมฤทธิ\nสัมฤทธิ์\nสัมฤทธิศก\nสัยน์\nสัลเลข\nสัสดี\nสัสตทิฐิ\nสัสสะ\nสัสสุ\nสัสสู\nสา\nส่า\nสาก\nสากรรจ์\nสากล\nสากัจฉา\nสากัลย์\nสากิยะ\nสาเก\nสาขา\nสาคร\nสาคเรศ\nสาคู\nสาง\nส้าง\nสาชล\nสาฎก\nสาฏิก\nสาณี\nสาด\nสาไถย\nสาทร\nสาทิส\nสาทุ\nสาโท\nสาธก\nสาธยะ\nสาธยาย\nสาธารณะ\nสาธารณชน\nสาธารณประโยชน์\nสาธารณภัย\nสาธารณรัฐ\nสาธารณสถาน\nสาธารณสมบัติ\nสาธารณสุข\nสาธารณูปการ\nสาธารณูปโภค\nสาธารณ์\nสาธิต\nสาธุ\nสาน\nส่าน\nสานุ\nสานู\nสานุศิษย์\nสาบ\nสาบสูญ\nสาบาน\nสาป\nสาปไตย\nสาม\nสามชุก\nสามเณร\nสามเณรี\nสามนต์\nสามนตราช\nสามยทรัพย์\nสามล\nสามหาว\nสามะ\nสามัคคี\nสามัญ\nสามัตถิยะ\nสามานย์\nสามานยนาม\nสามารถ\nสามิต\nสามินี\nสามิภักดิ์\nสามี\nสามีจิกรรม\nสาย\nส่าย\nส้าย\nสายชู\nสายัณห์\nสายาห์\nสาร\nสารคดี\nสารธรรม\nสารนิเทศ\nสารบบ\nสารบรรณ\nสารบัญ\nสารบาญ\nสารบาญชี\nสารประโยชน์\nสารสนเทศ\nสารทุกข์\nสารถี\nสารท\nสารพัด\nสารพัน\nสารพางค์\nสารภาพ\nสารภี\nสารวัตร\nสาระ\nสาระแน\nสาระพา\nสาระยำ\nสาระวารี\nสาระสะมา\nสารัตถประโยชน์\nสารัตถศึกษา\nสารัตถะ\nสารัทธ์\nสารัมภ์\nสาราณียกร\nสาราณียธรรม\nสาราณียะ\nสารานุกรม\nสารีริกธาตุ\nสารูป\nสาโรช\nสาละ\nสาละวน\nสาลิ\nสาลิกา\nสาลินี\nสาลี\nสาลี่\nสาลู\nสาโลหิต\nสาว\nสาวก\nสาวิกา\nสาวิตร\nสาวิตรี\nสาสน\nสาสน์\nสาส์น\nสาสนา\nสาสม\nสาหร่าย\nสาหรี\nส่าหรี\nสาหัส\nสาเหตุ\nสาแหรก\nสำ\nสำส่อน\nส่ำ\nสำคัญ\nสำซ่าง\nสำแดง\nสำทับ\nสำนวน\nสำนอง\nสำนัก\nสำนาน\nสำนึก\nสำนึง\nสำเนา\nสำเนียง\nสำบัด\nสำปะลอ\nสำปะหลัง\nสำปั้น\nสำปันนี\nสำเภา\nสำมะงา\nสำมะโน\nสำมะลอ\nสำมะเลเทเมา\nสำมะหา\nสำรด\nสำรวจ\nสำรวม\nสำรวย\nสำรวล\nสำรอก\nสำรอง\nสำรับ\nสำราก\nสำราญ\nสำริด\nสำเร็จ\nสำเรา\nสำเริง\nสำโรง\nสำลัก\nสำลาน\nสำลี\nสำแลง\nสำหรวด\nสำหรับ\nสำหา\nสำเหนียก\nสำเหร่\nสำออย\nสำอาง\nสิ\nสิกข์\nสิข\nสิกขมานา\nสิกขา\nสิขร\nสิขรี\nสิขเรศ\nสิขา\nสิขานล\nสิขี\nสิคาล\nสิง\nสิ่ง\nสิงขร\nสิงค์\nสิงคลิ้ง\nสิงคลี\nสิงคาร\nสิงคาล\nสิงคี\nสิงโต\nสิงห์\nสิงหนาท\nสิงหบัญชร\nสิงหรา\nสิงหราช\nสิงหาคม\nสิงหาสน์\nสิงหล\nสิญจน์\nสิตะ\nสิตางศุ์\nสิถิล\nสิทธ์\nสิทธัตถะ\nสิทธา\nสิทธาจารย์\nสิทธารถ\nสิทธิ\nสิทธิ์\nสิทธิการิยะ\nสิธยะ\nสิน\nสิ้น\nสินเทา\nสินธพ\nสินธุ\nสินธุ์\nสินธุระ\nสินธู\nสินเธาว์\nสินาด\nสินิทธ์\nสินี\nสิเนรุ\nสิเนหก\nสิเนหะ\nสิเนหา\nสิเน่หา\nสิบ\nสิปปะ\nสิมพลี\nสิระ\nสิโรดม\nสิโรตม์\nสิริ\nสิรี\nสิลา\nสิว\nสิ่ว\nสิวะ\nสิวาลัย\nสิวิกา\nสี\nสี่\nสี้\nสีกา\nสีกุน\nสีข้าง\nสีด\nสีดอ\nสีดา\nสีตลรัศมี\nสีตโลทก\nสีโตทก\nสีทันดร\nสีมันต์\nสีมา\nสีละมัน\nสีวิกา\nสีสอ\nสีสะ\nสีสา\nสีสุก\nสีเสียด\nสีห์\nสีหนาท\nสีหบัญชร\nสีหราช\nสีหไสยา\nสีหไสยาสน์\nสีหะ\nสึก\nสึง\nสืบ\nสื่อ\nสุ\nสุก\nสุกข์\nสุกร\nสุกรม\nสุกำศพ\nสุกียากี้\nสุข\nสุขา\nสุขาภิบาล\nสุขารมณ์\nสุขาวดี\nสุขิน\nสุขี\nสุขุม\nสุขุมาล\nสุโข\nสุคต\nสุคติ\nสุคนธ\nสุคนธ์\nสุคนธชาติ\nสุคนธรส\nสุคันธ์\nสุคันธรส\nสุงกะ\nสุงกากร\nสุงสิง\nสุงสุมาร\nสุจริต\nสุจหนี่\nสุจิ\nสุจิต\nสุจิตร\nสุชน\nสุชัมบดี\nสุชา\nสุชาดา\nสุญ\nสุญญากาศ\nสุญตา\nสุญนิยม\nสุณ\nสุณิสา\nสุด\nสุดา\nสุต\nสุตตนิบาต\nสุตตะ\nสุตตันตปิฎก\nสุตตันตะ\nสุติ\nสุทธ\nสุทธ์\nสุทธาวาส\nสุทธิ\nสุทรรศน์\nสุทัศน์\nสุธา\nสุธาโภชน์\nสุธารส\nสุธาสินี\nสุธาสี\nสุธี\nสุนทร\nสุนทรี\nสุนทรียภาพ\nสุนทรียศาสตร์\nสุนทรียะ\nสุนัข\nสุนันท์\nสุโนก\nสุบดี\nสุบรรณ\nสุบิน\nสุปรีดิ์\nสุปรีย์\nสุปาณี\nสุพพัต\nสุพรรณ\nสุพรรณบัฏ\nสุพรรณภาชน์\nสุพรรณราช\nสุพรรณศรี\nสุพรรณถัน\nสุพรรณิการ์\nสุภร\nสุภัค\nสุภา\nสุภาพ\nสุภาษิต\nสุม\nสุ่ม\nสุมทุม\nสุมน\nสุมนะ\nสุมนัส\nสุมนา\nสุ้มเสียง\nสุมะ\nสุมาลี\nสุเมธ\nสุเมรุ\nสุรคต\nสุรเชษฐ์\nสุรบดี\nสุรภาพ\nสุรโลก\nสุรสีหนาท\nสุรเสียง\nสุรงค์\nสุรังค์\nสุรภี\nสุรัติ\nสุรัสวดี\nสุรา\nสุรางค์จำเรียง\nสุรางคนา\nสุรางคนางค์\nสุรารักษ์\nสุราลัย\nสุรินทร์\nสุรินทราหู\nสุริยะ\nสุริยกันต์\nสุริยกานต์\nสุริยการ\nสุริยกาล\nสุริยคติ\nสุริยคราส\nสุริยมณฑล\nสุริยวงศ์\nสุริยง\nสุริยา\nสุริเยนทร์\nสุริเยศ\nสุริโย\nสุริยน\nสุริยัน\nสุริยุปราคา\nสุรีย์\nสุรุ่ยสุร่าย\nสุลต่าน\nสุวคนธ์\nสุวภาพ\nสุวรรณ\nสุวรรณภูมิ\nสุวะ\nสุวาน\nสุวินัย\nสุวิมล\nสุษิระ\nสุสาน\nสุหนัต\nสุหร่ง\nสุหร่าย\nสุหฤท\nสุหัท\nสุเหร่า\nสู\nสู่\nสู้\nสูง\nสูจิ\nสูจิบัตร\nสูญ\nสูด\nสูต\nสูตร\nสูติ\nสูติกรรม\nสูตินรีเวช\nสูติบัตร\nสูติแพทย์\nสูติศาสตร์\nสูท\nสูทกรรม\nสูทศาสตร์\nสูบ\nสูปะ\nสูร\nสูรย์\nสูรยกานต์\nสูริ\nสูสี\nเส\nเสก\nเสกขบุคคล\nเสกขะ\nเสขบุคคล\nเสขะ\nเส็ง\nเส้ง\nเส็งเคร็ง\nเสงี่ยม\nเสฏฐี\nเสณี\nเสด\nเสด็จ\nเสตุ\nเสถียร\nเสทะ\nเสโท\nเสน\nเส้น\nเสนง\nเสน่ง\nเสน่ห์\nเสนหา\nเสน่หา\nเสนอ\nเสนะ\nเสนา\nเสนาธิการ\nเสนาบดี\nเสน่า\nเสนากุฎ\nเสนางค์\nเสนางคนิกร\nเสนานี\nเสนาสนะ\nเสนาะ\nเสนี\nเสนีย์\nเสนียะ\nเสนียด\nเสบย\nเสบียง\nเสพ\nเสพย์\nเสเพล\nเสภา\nเสม็ด\nเสมหะ\nเสมอ\nเสมา\nเสมียน\nเสมือน\nเสย\nเสร็จ\nเสริด\nเสริม\nเสรี\nเสลด\nเสลบรรพต\nเสลา\nเสลี่ยง\nเสลือกสลน\nเสโล\nเสวก\nเสวกามาตย์\nเสวนะ\nเสวนา\nเสวย\nเสวียน\nเสสรวง\nเสสรวล\nเสา\nเส้า\nเสาร์\nเสารภย์\nเสารี\nเสาวคนธ์\nเสาวธาร\nเสาวภา\nเสาวภาคย์\nเสาวภาพ\nเสาวรภย์\nเสาวรส\nเสาวลักษณ์\nเสาวณิต\nเสาวนะ\nเสาวนา\nเสาวนีย์\nเสาหฤท\nเสาะ\nเสาะแสะ\nเสิร์จ\nเสิร์ฟ\nเสีย\nเสียง\nเสี่ยง\nเสียด\nเสี้ยน\nเสียบ\nเสียม\nเสี่ยม\nเสี้ยม\nเสียว\nเสี่ยว\nเสี้ยว\nเสือ\nเสื่อ\nเสื้อ\nเสือก\nเสื่อม\nแส\nแส่\nแส้\nแสก\nแสง\nแสด\nแสดง\nแสตมป์\nแสน\nแสนย์\nแสนยากร\nแสนยานุภาพ\nแสบ\nแสม\nแสยก\nแสยง\nแสยะ\nแสรก\nแสร้ง\nแสลง\nแสล้ม\nแสวง\nแสะ\nโสก\nโสกโดก\nโสกันต์\nโสโครก\nโสณฑ์\nโสณิ\nโสณี\nโสด\nโสดก\nโสดม\nโสดา\nโสดาบัน\nโสดาปัตติผล\nโสดาปัตติมรรค\nโสต\nโสตทัศนวัสดุ\nโสตทัศนอุปกรณ์\nโสตทัศนูปกรณ์\nโสตินทรีย์\nโสตถิ\nโสทก\nโสทร\nโสธก\nโสธนะ\nโสน\nโสภณ\nโสภา\nโสภี\nโสภิณี\nโสเภณี\nโสม\nโสมนัส\nโสมม\nโสมย์\nโสร่ง\nโสรจ\nโสรวาร\nโสโร\nโสวรรณ\nโสหุ้ย\nโสฬส\nใส\nใส่\nไส\nไส้\nไสย\nไสยา\nไสยาสน์\nไสร้\nไสว\nหก\nหกคะเมน\nหง\nหงก\nหงส์\nหงสบาท\nหงสรถ\nหงอ\nหงอก\nหง่อง\nหงองแหงง\nหงอด\nหงอน\nหง่อม\nหงอย\nหง่อย\nหงัก\nหงับ\nหง่าง\nหงาย\nหง่าว\nหงำ\nหงิก\nหงิง\nหงิม\nหงึก\nหงุงหงิง\nหงุดหงิด\nหงุบ\nหงุ่ย\nหญ้า\nหญ้าฝรั่น\nหญ้ายายเภา\nหญิง\nหญิบ\nหด\nหตะ\nหทัย\nหน\nหนวก\nหน่วง\nหนวด\nหน่วย\nหน่วยกิต\nหนอ\nหน่อ\nหนอก\nหนอง\nหนอน\nหนอนตายหยาก\nหน่อย\nหน็อยแน่\nหนัก\nหนัง\nหนังสติ๊ก\nหนังสือ\nหนั่น\nหนับ\nหนา\nหน้า\nหน่าง\nหนาด\nหนาน\nหนาม\nหน่าย\nหนาว\nหนำ\nหนำเลี้ยบ\nหนี\nหนี้\nหนีบ\nหนึก\nหนึ่ง\nหนึบ\nหนืด\nหนุ\nหนุน\nหนุบ\nหนุ่ม\nหนุ่ย\nหนู\nห่ม\nหมก\nหมด\nหม่น\nหมวก\nหมวด\nหมวน\nหมอ\nหม่อ\nหม้อ\nหมอก\nหมอง\nหม่อง\nหมอน\nหม่อน\nหมอบ\nหม่อม\nหมอย\nหม้อห้อม\nหมัก\nหมักหมม\nหมัด\nหมัน\nหมั่น\nหมั้น\nหมับ\nหมา\nหม่า\nหมาก\nหมากฮอส\nหมาง\nหมาด\nหมามุ่ย\nหมามุ้ย\nหมาย\nหม้าย\nหมาร่า\nหม่ำ\nหม้ำ\nหมิ่น\nหมี\nหมี่\nหมึก\nหมืน\nหมื่น\nหมุด\nหมุน\nหมุบ\nหมุบหมับ\nหมุบหมิบ\nหมุ่ย\nหมุยขาว\nหมู\nหมู่\nหมูหริ่ง\nหยก\nหย่ง\nหยด\nหยวก\nหยวบ\nหยอก\nหยอกเอิน\nหย็อกหย็อย\nหยอง\nหย็อง\nหย่อง\nหย็องกรอด\nหย็องแหย็ง\nหยอด\nหยอน\nหย่อน\nหย่อม\nหย็อมแหย็ม\nหย็อย\nหย่อย\nหยัก\nหยักไย่\nหยักเหยา\nหยัง\nหยั่ง\nหยังหยัง\nหยัด\nหยัน\nหยับ\nหยั่วเมือง\nหย่า\nหยากเยื่อ\nหยากไย่\nหยาด\nหยาบ\nหยาม\nหยาว\nหย้าว\nหยำเป\nหยำเหยอะ\nหยำแหยะ\nหยิก\nหยิ่ง\nหยิบ\nหยิม\nหยี\nหยี่\nหยุกหยิก\nหยุด\nหยุ่น\nหยุบ\nหยุมหยิม\nหยูกยา\nหโยดม\nหรคุณ\nหรณะ\nหรดาล\nหรดี\nหรรษ์\nหรรษา\nหรอ\nหรอก\nหร็อมแหร็ม\nหรอย\nหระ\nหรับ\nหรา\nหริ\nหริ่ง\nหริณะ\nหริต\nหริตกี\nหรีตกี\nหรี่\nหรีด\nหรือ\nหรุบ\nหรุบรู่\nหรุบหรู่\nหรุ่ม\nหรู\nหรูหรา\nหฤทัย\nหฤทย์\nหฤษฎ์\nหฤษฎี\nหฤหรรษ์\nหฤโหด\nหลง\nหลงใหล\nหลงจู๊\nหลด\nหลน\nหล่น\nหลบ\nหล่ม\nหลวง\nหลวม\nหลอ\nหล่อ\nหลอก\nหลอด\nหลอน\nหล็อน\nหล่อน\nหลอม\nหละ\nหละหลวม\nหลัก\nหลัง\nหลั่ง\nหลัด\nหลั่น\nหลับ\nหลัว\nหลา\nหล้า\nหลาก\nหลาน\nหลาบ\nหลาม\nหลาย\nหลาว\nหลิ่ง\nหลิท\nหลิน\nหลิม\nหลิว\nหลิ่ว\nหลี\nหลีก\nหลีโก\nหลีบ\nหลีฮื้อ\nหลืบ\nหลุกหลิก\nหลุด\nหลุน\nหลุบ\nหลุม\nหลุมพอ\nหลุมพี\nหลู่\nหวง\nห่วง\nห้วง\nหวด\nหวน\nห้วน\nหวย\nห้วย\nหวอ\nหวอด\nหวะ\nหวัง\nหวัด\nหวั่น\nหวันยิหวา\nหวัว\nหวัวร่อ\nหวัวเราะ\nหวา\nหว่า\nหว้า\nหวาก\nหว่าง\nหวาด\nหวาน\nหว่าน\nหวาม\nหวาย\nหวำ\nหวิด\nหวิว\nหวี\nหวี่\nหวีด\nหวือ\nหวุดหวิด\nหวูด\nหอ\nห่อ\nห้อ\nหอก\nหอง\nห้อง\nหอน\nห่อน\nหอบ\nหอม\nห้อม\nหอย\nห้อย\nหะ\nหะยี\nหะหาย\nหัก\nหัจญ์\nหัจญี\nหัช\nหัฏฐะ\nหัด\nหัต\nหัตถ์\nหัตถกรรม\nหัตถการ\nหัตถกิจ\nหัตถบาส\nหัตถพันธ์\nหัตถาภรณ์\nหัตถศาสตร์\nหัตถศิลป์\nหัตถศึกษา\nหัตถาจารย์\nหัตถินี\nหัตถี\nหัน\nหั่น\nหั้น\nหันตรา\nหับ\nหัย\nหัว\nหัวร่อ\nหัวเราะ\nหัส\nหัสดิน\nหัสดี\nหัสต์\nหัสตะ\nหา\nห่า\nห้า\nหาก\nหาง\nห่าง\nห้าง\nหาญ\nหาด\nห่าน\nหาบ\nหาม\nห่าม\nห้าม\nหาย\nหายใจ\nหายนะ\nหาร\nหารือ\nหาว\nห้าว\nหาสะ\nหำ\nห้ำ\nหิ้ง\nหิงคุ\nหิงสา\nหิงห้อย\nหิ่งห้อย\nหิ่งหาย\nหิด\nหิต\nหิตานุหิตประโยชน์\nหิน\nหิมพาน\nหิมพานต์\nหิมวัต\nหิมวันต์\nหิมวา\nหิมะ\nหิมาลัย\nหิรัญ\nหิรัญญิการ์\nหิรัญบัฏ\nหิรัณย์\nหิรัณยรัศมี\nหิริ\nหิว\nหิ้ว\nหี\nหีด\nหีนยาน\nหีบ\nหึ\nหึง\nหึ่ง\nหึงสา\nหืด\nหืน\nหื่น\nหือ\nหื้อ\nหุง\nหุน\nหุ่น\nหุ้น\nหุนหัน\nหุบ\nหุ้ม\nหุยฮา\nหู\nหู่\nหูก\nหูด\nเห\nเห่\nเหง\nเหง่ง\nเหงา\nเหง้า\nเหงื่อ\nเหงือก\nเห็จ\nเห็ด\nเหติ\nเหตุ\nเห็น\nเหน่ง\nเหนงนายพราน\nเหน็ดเหนื่อย\nเหน็บ\nเหน่อ\nเห็นอ้ม\nเหนอะ\nเหนอะหนะ\nเหน้า\nเหนาะ\nเหนียง\nเหนี่ยง\nเหนี่ยน\nเหนียม\nเหนียว\nเหนี่ยว\nเหนือ\nเหนื่อย\nเห็บ\nเหม\nเหม่\nเหม็ง\nเหม่ง\nเหม็น\nเหมวดี\nเหม่อ\nเหมันต์\nเหมันตฤดู\nเหมา\nเหมายัน\nเหมาะ\nเหมียว\nเหมี่ยว\nเหมือง\nเหมือด\nเหมือน\nเหมื่อย\nเหย\nเหยง\nเหย่อย\nเหยา\nเหย่า\nเหย้า\nเหยาะ\nเหยาะแหยะ\nเหยิง\nเหยิบ\nเหยียด\nเหยียบ\nเหยี่ยว\nเหยื่อ\nเหยือก\nเหรอ\nเหรอะ\nเหรัญญิก\nเหรา\nเหราะ\nเหรียญ\nเหล่\nเหล็ก\nเหลน\nเหลว\nเหลอ\nเหลา\nเหล่า\nเหล้า\nเหลาะแหละ\nเหลิง\nเหลิงเจิ้ง\nเหลียน\nเหลี่ยม\nเหลียว\nเหลือ\nเหลือก\nเหลือง\nเหลือบ\nเหลือม\nเหลื่อม\nเหว\nเหว่\nเหวง\nเหวย\nเหวอะ\nเหวอะหวะ\nเหวี่ยง\nเห่อ\nเหอะ\nเหะ\nเหะหะ\nเหา\nเห่า\nเหาะ\nเหิน\nเหิม\nเหี้ย\nเหียง\nเหียน\nเหี้ยน\nเหี้ยม\nเหี่ยว\nเหื่อ\nเหือด\nแห\nแห่\nแห้\nแหก\nแหง\nแหง่\nแห่ง\nแห้ง\nแหงแก๋\nแหง่ง\nแหงน\nแหน\nแห้น\nแหนง\nแหนบ\nแหนม\nแหบ\nแหม\nแหม่\nแหม่ม\nแหมะ\nแหย\nแหย่\nแหยง\nแหย่ง\nแหยม\nแหย็ม\nแหยะ\nแหล่\nแหลก\nแหล่ง\nแหลน\nแหลม\nแหละ\nแหว\nแห้ว\nแหวก\nแหว่ง\nแหวด\nแหวน\nแหวะ\nแหะ\nโห่\nโหง\nโหด\nโหน\nโหนก\nโหน่ง\nโหม\nโหม่ง\nโหมด\nโหย\nโหยกเหยก\nโหยง\nโหย่ง\nโหร\nโหรง\nโหรงเหรง\nโหรดาจารย์\nโหระพา\nโหรา\nโหราจารย์\nโหราศาสตร์\nโหล\nโหล่\nโหลงโจ้ง\nโหว\nโหว่\nโหว้\nโหวกเหวก\nโหวง\nโหวด\nโหวต\nให้\nใหญ่\nใหม่\nไห\nไห่\nไห้\nไหน\nไหม\nไหม้\nไหรณย์\nไหล\nไหล่\nไหว\nไหว้\nไหหลำ\nอก\nอกตเวทิตา\nอกตเวที\nอกตัญญุตา\nอกตัญญู\nอกนิษฐ์\nอกรณีย์\nอกรรมกริยา\nอกัปปิยวัตถุ\nอกัปปิยะ\nอกุศล\nอคติ\nอคาธ\nอโฆษะ\nองก์\nองค์\nองคชาต\nองคมนตรี\nองครักษ์\nองคาพยพ\nองคุลี\nองศ์\nองศา\nองอาจ\nองุ่น\nอจลา\nอจินตา\nอจินไตย\nอจิระ\nอเจลก\nอเจละ\nอชะ\nอชิน\nอชินี\nอชิระ\nอฏวี\nอณิ\nอณู\nอโณทัย\nอด\nอดิถี\nอดิเทพ\nอดิเรก\nอดิศร\nอดิศวร\nอดิศัย\nอดีต\nอดุล\nอดุลย์\nอติ\nอติชาต\nอติมานะ\nอติราช\nอติเรก\nอติสาร\nอถรรพเวท\nอาถรรพเวท\nอทระ\nอทินนาทาน\nอธรรม\nอธิ\nอธิกมาส\nอธิกรณ์\nอธิกวาร\nอธิกสุรทิน\nอธิการ\nอธิคม\nอธิฏฐาน\nอธิบดี\nอธิบาย\nอธิป\nอธิปไตย\nอธิมาตร\nอธิมุตติ\nอธิโมกข์\nอธิราช\nอธิวาส\nอธิวาสนะ\nอธิศีล\nอธิษฐาน\nอธึก\nอ้น\nอนงค์\nอนงคณะ\nอนงคเลขา\nอนธการ\nอนนต์\nอนยะ\nอนรรฆ\nอนรรถ\nอนล\nอนวัช\nอนัญ\nอนัตตา\nอนันต์\nอนันตริยกรรม\nอนัม\nอนาคต\nอนาคามิผล\nอนาคามิมรรค\nอนาคามี\nอนาจาร\nอนาถ\nอนาถา\nอนาทร\nอนาธิปไตย\nอนามัย\nอนามิกา\nอนารยชน\nอนารยธรรม\nอนารยะ\nอนาลัย\nอนำ\nอนิจ\nอนิจจัง\nอนิจจา\nอนิฏฐารมณ์\nอนิยต\nอนิยม\nอนิล\nอนิวรรต\nอนิวรรตน์\nอนีกะ\nอนีจะ\nอนึก\nอนึ่ง\nอนุ\nอนุกร\nอนุกรม\nอนุกรรมการ\nอนุกระเบียด\nอนุกาชาด\nอนุการ\nอนุกูล\nอนุคามิก\nอนุเคราะห์\nอนุจร\nอนุช\nอนุชน\nอนุชา\nอนุชาต\nอนุชิต\nอนุญาต\nอนุญาโตตุลาการ\nอนุตร\nอนุเถระ\nอนุทิน\nอนุบท\nอนุบาล\nอนุประโยค\nอนุปริญญา\nอนุปสัมบัน\nอนุปัสนา\nอนุพงศ์\nอนุพัทธ์\nอนุพันธ์\nอนุโพธ\nอนุภรรยา\nอนุภริยา\nอนุภาค\nอนุภาษ\nอนุมัติ\nอนุมาตรา\nอนุมาน\nอนุมูล\nอนุโมทนา\nอนุโยค\nอนุรักษ์\nอนุรักษนิยม\nอนุราช\nอนุราธ\nอนุราธะ\nอนุราธา\nอนุรูป\nอนุโลม\nอนุวงศ์\nอนุวรรตน์\nอนุวัต\nอนุวัตน์\nอนุวัตร\nอนุวัติ\nอนุวาต\nอนุศาสก\nอนุศาสน์\nอนุศาสนาจารย์\nอนุศิษฏ์\nอนุสติ\nอนุสนธิ\nอนุสร\nอนุสรณ์\nอนุสัญญา\nอนุสัย\nอนุสาวรีย์\nอนุสาสนี\nอเนก\nอเนกคุณ\nอเนกรรถประโยค\nอเนจอนาถ\nอโนชา\nอโนดาต\nอบ\nอบเชย\nอบาย\nอปจายนธรรม\nอปจายนมัย\nอปมงคล\nอปยศ\nอประไมย\nอปรัณณชาติ\nอปรา\nอปราชัย\nอปราชิต\nอปริมาณ\nอปลักษณ์\nอปโลกน์\nอปวาท\nอเปหิ\nอพพะ\nอพยพ\nอภัพ\nอภัย\nอภิ\nอภิฆาต\nอภิชฌา\nอภิชน\nอภิชนาธิปไตย\nอภิชัย\nอภิชาต\nอภิชิต\nอภิญญา\nอภิญญาณ\nอภิธรรม\nอภิธาน\nอภิไธย\nอภินันท์\nอภินันทนาการ\nอภินัย\nอภินิหาร\nอภิเนษกรมณ์\nอภิบาล\nอภิปรัชญา\nอภิปราย\nอภิมหาอำนาจ\nอภิมานะ\nอภิมุข\nอภิรดี\nอภิรติ\nอภิรมย์\nอภิรักษ์\nอภิราม\nอภิรุต\nอภิรุม\nอภิรูป\nอภิลักขิต\nอภิลักขิตสมัย\nอภิเลปน์\nอภิวันท์\nอภิวาท\nอภิวาทน์\nอภิเษก\nอภิสมโพธิ\nอภิสมัย\nอภิสมาจาร\nอภิสัมโพธิ\nอภิสัมโพธิญาณ\nอภิสิต\nอภิสิทธิ์\nอภูตะ\nอม\nอมพะนำ\nอ้ม\nอมตธรรม\nอมตบท\nอมตะ\nอมนุษย์\nอมร\nอมรา\nอมราวดี\nอมรินทร์\nอมเรนทร์\nอมเรศ\nอมฤต\nอมัตร\nอมาตย์\nอมาวสี\nอมาวสุ\nอมาวาสี\nอมิตร\nอเมริกัน\nอย่า\nอยาก\nอย่าง\nอยุทธ์\nอยู่\nอร\nอรชร\nอรชุน\nอรดี\nอรติ\nอรทัย\nอรไท\nอรนุช\nอรพินท์\nอรพิม\nอรรค\nอรรฆ\nอรรฆย์\nอรรจน์\nอรรณพ\nอรรถ\nอรรถกถา\nอรรถกถาจารย์\nอรรถาธิบาย\nอรรธ\nอรสุม\nอรหะ\nอรหัง\nอรหัต\nอรหัตผล\nอรหัตมรรค\nอรหัน\nอรหันต์\nอรหันตฆาต\nอร่อย\nอรัญ\nอรัญญิก\nอรัญวาส\nอรัญวาสี\nอรัณย์\nอราดี\nอร่าม\nอริ\nอรินทร์\nอริน\nอริยกะ\nอริยทรัพย์\nอริยบุคคล\nอริยผล\nอริยมรรค\nอริยสั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nอำพล\nอำพะนำ\nอำพัน\nอำไพ\nอำเภอ\nอำมร\nอำมฤคโชค\nอำมฤต\nอำมหิต\nอำมาตย์\nอำมาตยาธิปไตย\nอำยวน\nอำรุง\nอำลา\nอำอวม\nอ้ำอึ้ง\nอิก\nอิง\nอิงค์\nอิงอร\nอิจฉา\nอิฉัน\nอิชยา\nอิฏฐารมณ์\nอิฐ\nอิฐผล\nอิด\nอิตถี\nอิตเทรียม\nอิตเทอร์เบียม\nอิติวุตตกะ\nอิทธิ\nอิน\nอินซูลิน\nอินเดีย\nอินเดียนแดง\nอินเดียม\nอินท์\nอินทขีล\nอินทนิล\nอินทผลัม\nอินทร์\nอินทรธนู\nอินทรวงศ์\nอินทรวิเชียร\nอินทรศักดิ์\nอินทราณี\nอินทราภิเษก\nอินทรายุธ\nอินทรี\nอินทรีย์\nอินทรียสังวร\nอินทีวร\nอินทุ\nอินฟราเรด\nอินัง\nอิ่ม\nอิมัลชัน\nอิริเดียม\nอิริยา\nอิริยาบถ\nอิรุพเพท\nอิเล็กตรอน\nอิเล็กทรอนิกส์\nอิเล็กโทน\nอิศร\nอิศวร\nอิษฏ์\nอิษฏี\nอิส\nอิสตรี\nอิสัตรี\nอิสรภาพ\nอิสระ\nอิสริยยศ\nอิสริยะ\nอิสริยาภรณ์\nอิสลาม\nอิสสา\nอิสิ\nอิสี\nอิหม่าม\nอิหลักอิเหลื่อ\nอี\nอี่\nอี้\nอี๊\nอี๋\nอี๋อ๋อ\nอีก\nอีก้อ\nอีก๋อย\nอีโก้ง\nอีจู้\nอี๊ด\nอีเต้อ\nอีโต้\nอีทุบ\nอีเทอร์\nอีนุงตุงนัง\nอีนูน\nอีโน\nอีแปะ\nอีโปง\nอีเพา\nอีมู\nอีรม\nอีลุ้ม\nอีลุ่ยฉุยแฉก\nอีเลิ้ง\nอีศ\nอีศวร\nอีส\nอีสาน\nอีสุกอีใส\nอีหรอบ\nอีหลักอีเหลื่อ\nอีหลี\nอีหลุกขลุกขลัก\nอีหลุกขลุกขลุ่ย\nอีเห็น\nอีเหน็บ\nอีเหนียว\nอีเหละเขละขละ\nอีเหละเขะขะ\nอีโหน่อีเหน่\nอีโหลกโขลกเขลก\nอีแอ่น\nอึ\nอึก\nอึ้ก\nอึ๊ก\nอึกทึก\nอึกอัก\nอึง\nอึ่ง\nอึ้ง\nอึด\nอึดตะปือ\nอึ้ดทึ่ด\nอึน\nอืด\nอื่น\nอื้น\nอือ\nอื้อ\nอื้อฮือ\nอุ\nอุก\nอุกกา\nอุกกาบาต\nอุกฤษฏ์\nอุกลาบาต\nอุค\nอุคระ\nอุคหนิมิต\nอุโฆษ\nอุ้ง\nอุจ\nอุจจาระ\nอุจฉุ\nอุจเฉท\nอุจเฉททิฐิ\nอุจาด\nอุชุ\nอุฏฐาการ\nอุณหภูมิ\nอุณหะ\nอุณหาหาร\nอุณหิส\nอุณา\nอุณาโลม\nอุด\nอุดเตา\nอุดม\nอุดมการณ์\nอุดมคติ\nอุดมศึกษา\nอุดร\nอุดหนุน\nอุตดม\nอุตตมะ\nอุตมภาพ\nอุตมางค์\nอุตดร\nอุตรกุรุทวีป\nอุตตรายัน\nอุตรนิกาย\nอุตรผลคุนี\nอุตตรผลคุนี\nอุตรภัทรบท\nอุตตรภัทรบท\nอุตตรภัททะ\nอุตราภิมุข\nอุตราวรรต\nอุตราวัฏ\nอุตราษาฒ\nอุตตราสาฬหะ\nอุตราสงค์\nอุตตานภาพ\nอุตพิด\nอุตรา\nอุตริ\nอุตริมนุสธรรม\nอุตลุด\nอุตส่าห์\nอุตสาหกรรม\nอุตสาหะ\nอุตุ\nอุตุนิยม\nอุตุนิยมวิทยา\nอุทก\nอุทกธาร\nอุทกธารา\nอุทกภัย\nอุทกวิทยา\nอุทกศาสตร์\nอุทธรณ์\nอุทธัจ\nอุทยาน\nอุทร\nอุทริยะ\nอุทลุม\nอุทัช\nอุทัย\nอุทาน\nอุทาร\nอุทาหรณ์\nอุทิศ\nอุทุมพร\nอุเทศ\nอุเทสิกเจดีย์\nอุธัจ\nอุ่น\nอุบ\nอุบล\nอุบะ\nอุบ๊ะ\nอุบัติ\nอุบาท\nอุบาทว์\nอุบาย\nอุบาสก\nอุบาสิกา\nอุเบกขา\nอุโบสถ\nอุปกรณ์\nอุปกรม\nอุปการ\nอุปการะ\nอุปการี\nอุปกิเลส\nอุปจาร\nอุปถัมภ์\nอุปถัมภก\nอุปทม\nอุปทูต\nอุปเทศ\nอุปเท่ห์\nอุปธิ\nอุปนัย\nอุปนิกขิต\nอุปนิษัท\nอุปนิสัย\nอุปบัติ\nอุปปาติกะ\nอุปพัทธ์\nอุปพันธ์\nอุปโภค\nอุปมา\nอุปมาน\nอุปไมย\nอุปยุวราช\nอุปรากร\nอุปราคา\nอุปราช\nอุปริ\nอุปริมปริยาย\nอุปโลกน์\nอุปเวท\nอุปสมบท\nอุปสมบัน\nอุปสัมบัน\nอุปสรรค\nอุปสัมปทา\nอุปฮาด\nอุปัชฌาย์\nอุปัชฌายวัตร\nอุปัชฌายะ\nอุปัฏฐาก\nอุปัฏฐานะ\nอุปัทวะ\nอุปัทวันตราย\nอุปาทาน\nอุปาหนา\nอุภัย\nอุ้ม\nอุมงค์\nอุโมงค์\nอุย\nอุ่ย\nอุ้ย\nอุ๊ย\nอุยยาน\nอุยยาม\nอุรณะ\nอุรพี\nอุระ\nอุรังอุตัง\nอุรัจฉัท\nอุรัจฉทะ\nอุรา\nอุรุ\nอุไร\nอุลกมณี\nอุลโลจ\nอุลามก\nอุลิด\nอุโลก\nอุแว้\nอุษณกร\nอุษณกาล\nอุษณรัศมี\nอุษณรุจี\nอุษณาการ\nอุษณีษ์\nอุษมะ\nอุษมัน\nอุษา\nอุษาโยค\nอุสภ\nอุสส่าห์\nอุสสาหะ\nอุสา\nอุสุ\nอุสุภ\nอุสุภราช\nอุสุม\nอุหรับ\nอุหลบ\nอุเหม่\nอุฬาร\nอู\nอู่\nอู้\nอูฐ\nอูด\nอูม\nอูย\nอูรุ\nอู๋อี๋\nเอ\nเอ้\nเอ๊\nเอก\nเอกเขนก\nเอกซเรย์\nเอกรรถประโยค\nเอกัคตา\nเอกังสพยากรณ์\nเอกังสวาที\nเอกา\nเอ้กา\nเอกาธิปไตย\nเอเคอร์\nเอง\nเอ็ง\nเอ๋ง\nเอ็ด\nเอ็ดตะโร\nเอดส์\nเอตทัคคะ\nเอ้เต\nเอทิล\nเอน\nเอ็น\nเอนไซม์\nเอ็นดู\nเอ็นอ่อน\nเอม\nเอ็มบริโอ\nเอย\nเอ่ย\nเอ๊ย\nเอ๋ย\nเอร็ดอร่อย\nเอราวัณ\nเอว\nเอ๊ว\nเอวัง\nเอฬกะ\nเอฬา\nเออ\nเอ่อ\nเออร์เบียม\nเอ้อระเหย\nเอ้อเร้อ\nเอ้อเฮอ\nเอ๊ะ\nเอะใจ\nเอะอะ\nเอะอะมะเทิ่ง\nเอา\nเอาทาร\nเอาทารย์\nเอารส\nเอาฬาร\nเอาะลาย\nเอิก\nเอิกเกริก\nเอิ้น\nเอิบ\nเอียง\nเอี้ยง\nเอียด\nเอี๊ยด\nเอียน\nเอี่ยน\nเอี่ยม\nเอี๊ยม\nเอี้ยมจุ๊น\nเอี้ยมเฟี้ยม\nเอี่ยว\nเอี้ยว\nเอื้อ\nเอื๊อก\nเอื้อง\nเอือด\nเอือน\nเอื้อน\nเอือม\nเอื้อม\nเอื่อย\nเอื้อย\nแอ\nแอ้\nแอ๋\nแอก\nแอกทิเนียม\nแอ่ง\nแอ้งแม้ง\nแอด\nแอ้ด\nแอ๊ด\nแอ่น\nแอนติเจน\nแอนติบอดี\nแอนติอิเล็กตรอน\nแอโนด\nแอบ\nแอม\nแอ้ม\nแอมแปร์\nแอมมิเตอร์\nแอมโมเนีย\nแอร่ม\nแอลกอฮอล์\nแอลฟา\nแอว\nแอ่ว\nแอ้วแซ่ว\nแอสทาทีน\nแอสไพริน\nแอสฟัลต์\nแอหนัง\nแออัด\nโอ\nโอ่\nโอ้\nโอ๋\nโอก\nโอ้ก\nโอ้กอ้าก\nโอ๊ก\nโอกาส\nโอฆชล\nโอฆสงสาร\nโอฆะ\nโอ่ง\nโองการ\nโองโขดง\nโอชะ\nโอชา\nโอโซน\nโอฐ\nโอด\nโอ๊ต\nโอตตัปปะ\nโอทนะ\nโอน\nโอบ\nโอปปาติกะ\nโอภา\nโอภาส\nโอม\nโอย\nโอ๊ย\nโอรส\nโอละพ่อ\nโอลิมปิก\nโอวาท\nโอษฐ์\nโอษฐชะ\nโอษฐภัย\nโอสถ\nโอห์ม\nโอหัง\nโอฬาร\nโอฬาริก\nโอฬารึก\nโอ้เอ้\nโอเอซิส\nโอ้โฮ\nไอ\nไอ้\nไอโซโทป\nไอน์สไตเนียม\nไอยรา\nไอยเรศ\nไอราพต\nไอราวัณ\nไอราวัต\nไอศกรีม\nไอศวรรย์\nไอศุริยสมบัติ\nไอศูรย์\nไอออน\nไอโอดีน\nฮกเกี้ยน\nฮด\nฮวงซุ้ย\nฮวน\nฮ้วนหมู\nฮวบ\nฮ่อ\nฮ้อ\nฮอกกี้\nฮอด\nฮ่อม\nฮ่อยจ๊อ\nฮอร์โมน\nฮอลแลนด์\nฮอลันดา\nฮะ\nฮะเบส\nฮะเรีย\nฮัก\nฮังเล\nฮัจญ์\nฮัจญะฮ์\nฮัจญี\nฮั่น\nฮั้ว\nฮา\nฮ้า\nฮ่างหลวง\nฮาจญ์\nฮาม\nฮาเร็ม\nฮาห์เนียม\nฮิจเราะห์\nฮินดู\nฮิปโปโปเตมัส\nฮิสทีเรีย\nฮีเลียม\nฮึ\nฮึก\nฮึด\nฮึดฮัด\nฮึ่ม\nฮึย\nฮึ่ย\nฮืดฮาด\nฮือ\nฮื่อ\nฮื้อ\nฮื้อฉี่\nฮุด\nฮุบ\nฮุยเลฮุย\nฮู้\nฮูก\nฮูม\nเฮ\nเฮฮา\nเฮกตาร์\nเฮกโตกรัม\nเฮกโตเมตร\nเฮกโตลิตร\nเฮง\nเฮ็ด\nเฮโมโกลบิน\nเฮย\nเฮ่ย\nเฮ้ย\nเฮโรอีน\nเฮลิคอปเตอร์\nเฮโล\nเฮละโล\nเฮ้ว\nเฮอ\nเฮ่อ\nเฮ้อ\nเฮอริเคน\nเฮิรตซ์\nเฮี้ยน\nเฮี้ยบ\nเฮี้ยว\nเฮือก\nเฮือน\nแฮ\nแฮ่\nแฮก\nแฮ่กึ๊น\nแฮนด์บอล\nแฮฟเนียม\nแฮม\nแฮะ\nโฮ\nโฮก\nโฮ่ง\nโฮ้ง\nโฮเต็ล\nโฮลเมียม\nโฮะ\nไฮ้\nไฮโกรมิเตอร์\nไฮดรา\nไฮโดร\nไฮโดรคาร์บอน\nไฮโดรเจน\nไฮโดรมิเตอร์\nไฮไฟ\nไฮโล\nไฮฮี\n"
+              .split(/[\r\n]+/)
+              .filter(function (w) {
+                return w.length > 1;
+              })
+      this.addWords(words, false)
+    }
+    if(finalize){
+      this.finalizeDict();
+    }
+  },
+
+  dictSeek: function (l, r, ch, strOffset, pos) {
+    var ans = null;
+    while (l <= r) {
+      var m = Math.floor((l + r) / 2),
+        dict_item = this.dict[m],
+        len = dict_item.length;
+      if (len <= strOffset) {
+        l = m + 1;
+      } else {
+        var ch_ = dict_item[strOffset];
+        if (ch_ < ch) {
+          l = m + 1;
+        } else if (ch_ > ch) {
+          r = m - 1;
+        } else {
+          ans = m;
+          if (pos == LEFT) {
+            r = m - 1;
+          } else {
+            l = m + 1;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return ans;
+  },
+
+  isFinal: function (acceptor) {
+    return this.dict[acceptor.l].length == acceptor.strOffset;
+  },
+
+  createAcceptor: function () {
+    return {
+      l: 0,
+      r: this.dict.length - 1,
+      strOffset: 0,
+      isFinal: false,
+      dict: this,
+      transit: function (ch) {
+        return this.dict.transit(this, ch);
+      },
+      isError: false,
+      tag: "DICT",
+      w: 1,
+      type: "DICT"
+    };
+  },
+
+  transit: function (acceptor, ch) {
+    var l = this.dictSeek(acceptor.l,
+      acceptor.r,
+      ch,
+      acceptor.strOffset,
+      LEFT);
+    if (l !== null) {
+      var r = this.dictSeek(l,
+        acceptor.r,
+        ch,
+        acceptor.strOffset,
+        RIGHT);
+      acceptor.l = l;
+      acceptor.r = r;
+      acceptor.strOffset++;
+      acceptor.isFinal = this.isFinal(acceptor);
+    } else {
+      acceptor.isError = true;
+    }
+    return acceptor;
+  },
+
+  sortuniq: function(a){
+    return a.sort().filter(function(item, pos, arr){
+      return !pos || item != arr[pos - 1];
+    })
+  },
+
+  flatten: function(a){
+    //[[1,2],[3]] -> [1,2,3]
+    return [].concat.apply([], a);
+  }
+};
+module.exports = WordcutDict;
+
+}).call(this,"/dist/tmp")
+},{"glob":16,"path":22}],3:[function(require,module,exports){
+var WordRule = {
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+    if (tag["WORD_RULE"])
+      return null;
+
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              var lch = ch.toLowerCase();
+              if (lch >= "a" && lch <= "z") {
+                this.isFinal = true;
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {
+                this.isError = true;
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: "WORD_RULE",
+            type: "WORD_RULE",
+            w: 1};
+  }
+};
+
+var NumberRule = {
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+    if (tag["NUMBER_RULE"])
+      return null;
+
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              if (ch >= "0" && ch <= "9") {
+                this.isFinal = true;
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {
+                this.isError = true;
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: "NUMBER_RULE",
+            type: "NUMBER_RULE",
+            w: 1};
+  }
+};
+
+var SpaceRule = {
+  tag: "SPACE_RULE",
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+
+    if (tag["SPACE_RULE"])
+      return null;
+
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              if (ch == " " || ch == "\t" || ch == "\r" || ch == "\n" ||
+                  ch == "\u00A0" || ch=="\u2003"//nbsp and emsp
+                 ) {
+                this.isFinal = true;
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {
+                this.isError = true;
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: SpaceRule.tag,
+            w: 1,
+            type: "SPACE_RULE"};
+  }
+}
+
+var SingleSymbolRule = {
+  tag: "SINSYM",
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              if (this.strOffset == 0 && ch.match(/^[\@\(\)\/\,\-\."`]$/)) {
+                this.isFinal = true;
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {
+                this.isError = true;
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: "SINSYM",
+            w: 1,
+            type: "SINSYM"};
+  }
+}
+
+
+var LatinRules = [WordRule, SpaceRule, SingleSymbolRule, NumberRule];
+
+module.exports = LatinRules;
+
+},{}],4:[function(require,module,exports){
+var _ = require("underscore")
+  , WordcutCore = require("./wordcut_core");
+var PathInfoBuilder = {
+
+  /*
+    buildByPartAcceptors: function(path, acceptors, i) {
+    var 
+    var genInfos = partAcceptors.reduce(function(genInfos, acceptor) {
+      
+    }, []);
+    
+    return genInfos;
+  } 
+  */
+
+  buildByAcceptors: function(path, finalAcceptors, i) {
+    var self = this;
+    var infos = finalAcceptors.map(function(acceptor) {
+      var p = i - acceptor.strOffset + 1
+        , _info = path[p];            
+      
+      var info = {p: p, 
+                  mw: _info.mw + (acceptor.mw === undefined ? 0 : acceptor.mw),
+                  w: acceptor.w + _info.w,
+                  unk: (acceptor.unk ? acceptor.unk : 0) + _info.unk, 
+                  type: acceptor.type};
+
+      if (acceptor.type == "PART") {
+        for(var j = p + 1; j <= i; j++) {
+          path[j].merge = p;
+        }
+        info.merge = p;
+      }
+
+      return info;
+    });
+    return infos.filter(function(info) { return info; });
+  },
+  
+  fallback: function(path, leftBoundary, text, i) {
+    var _info = path[leftBoundary];
+    if (text[i].match(/[\u0E48-\u0E4E]/)) {
+      if (leftBoundary != 0) 
+        leftBoundary = path[leftBoundary].p;
+      return {p: leftBoundary,
+              mw: 0,
+              w: 1 + _info.w,
+              unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+              type: "UNK"};      
+/*    } else if(leftBoundary > 0 && path[leftBoundary].type !== "UNK") {
+      leftBoundary = path[leftBoundary].p;
+      return {p: leftBoundary,
+              w: 1 + _info.w,
+              unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+              type: "UNK"};            */
+    } else {      
+      return {p: leftBoundary,
+              mw: _info.mw,
+              w: 1 + _info.w,
+              unk: 1 + _info.unk,
+              type: "UNK"};
+    }
+  },
+  
+  build: function(path, finalAcceptors, i, leftBoundary, text) {
+    var basicPathInfos = this.buildByAcceptors(path, finalAcceptors, i);
+    if (basicPathInfos.length > 0) {
+      return basicPathInfos;
+    } else {
+      return [this.fallback(path, leftBoundary, text, i)];
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+module.exports = function() {
+  return _.clone(PathInfoBuilder);
+}
+
+},{"./wordcut_core":8,"underscore":25}],5:[function(require,module,exports){
+var _ = require("underscore");
+
+
+var PathSelector = {
+  selectPath: function(paths) {
+    var path = paths.reduce(function(selectedPath, path) {
+      if (selectedPath == null) {        
+        return path;
+      } else {
+        if (path.unk < selectedPath.unk) 
+          return path;        
+        if (path.unk == selectedPath.unk) {
+          if (path.mw < selectedPath.mw)
+            return path
+          if (path.mw == selectedPath.mw) {
+            if (path.w < selectedPath.w) 
+              return path;
+          }
+        }
+        return selectedPath;
+      }
+    }, null);
+    return path;
+  },
+  
+  createPath: function() {
+    return [{p:null, w:0, unk:0, type: "INIT", mw:0}];
+  }
+};
+
+module.exports = function() {
+  return _.clone(PathSelector);
+};
+
+},{"underscore":25}],6:[function(require,module,exports){
+function isMatch(pat, offset, ch) {
+  if (pat.length <= offset)
+    return false;
+  var _ch = pat[offset];
+  return _ch == ch ||
+         (_ch.match(/[กข]/) && ch.match(/[ก-ฮ]/)) ||
+         (_ch.match(/[มบ]/) && ch.match(/[ก-ฮ]/)) ||
+         (_ch.match(/\u0E49/) && ch.match(/[\u0E48-\u0E4B]/));
+}
+
+var Rule0 = {
+  pat: "เหก็ม",
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              if (isMatch(Rule0.pat, this.strOffset,ch)) {                 
+                this.isFinal = (this.strOffset + 1 == Rule0.pat.length);                
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {              
+                this.isError = true;             
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: "THAI_RULE",
+            type: "THAI_RULE", 
+            w: 1};                        
+  }
+};
+
+var PartRule = {
+  createAcceptor: function(tag) {
+    return {strOffset: 0,
+            patterns: [
+              "แก", "เก", "ก้", "กก์", "กา", "กี", "กิ", "กืก"  
+            ],
+            isFinal: false,
+            transit: function(ch) {
+              var offset = this.strOffset;
+              this.patterns = this.patterns.filter(function(pat) {
+                return isMatch(pat, offset, ch);
+              });
+              
+              if (this.patterns.length > 0) {
+                var len = 1 + offset;
+                this.isFinal = this.patterns.some(function(pat) {
+                  return pat.length == len; 
+                });
+                this.strOffset++;
+              } else {              
+                this.isError = true;             
+              }
+              return this;
+            },
+            isError: false,
+            tag: "PART",
+            type: "PART", 
+            unk: 1,
+            w: 1};                        
+  }
+};
+
+var ThaiRules = [Rule0, PartRule];
+
+module.exports = ThaiRules;
+
+},{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){
+var sys = require("sys")
+  , WordcutDict = require("./dict")
+  , WordcutCore = require("./wordcut_core")
+  , PathInfoBuilder = require("./path_info_builder")
+  , PathSelector = require("./path_selector")
+  , Acceptors = require("./acceptors")
+  , latinRules = require("./latin_rules")
+  , thaiRules = require("./thai_rules")
+  , _ = require("underscore");
+
+
+var Wordcut = Object.create(WordcutCore);
+Wordcut.defaultPathInfoBuilder = PathInfoBuilder;
+Wordcut.defaultPathSelector = PathSelector;
+Wordcut.defaultAcceptors = Acceptors;
+Wordcut.defaultLatinRules = latinRules;
+Wordcut.defaultThaiRules = thaiRules;
+Wordcut.defaultDict = WordcutDict;
+
+
+Wordcut.initNoDict = function(dict_path) {
+  var self = this;
+  self.pathInfoBuilder = new self.defaultPathInfoBuilder;
+  self.pathSelector = new self.defaultPathSelector;
+  self.acceptors = new self.defaultAcceptors;
+  self.defaultLatinRules.forEach(function(rule) {
+    self.acceptors.creators.push(rule);
+  });
+  self.defaultThaiRules.forEach(function(rule) {
+    self.acceptors.creators.push(rule);
+  });
+};
+
+Wordcut.init = function(dict_path, withDefault, additionalWords) {
+  withDefault = withDefault || false;
+  this.initNoDict();
+  var dict = _.clone(this.defaultDict);
+  dict.init(dict_path, withDefault, additionalWords);
+  this.acceptors.creators.push(dict);
+};
+
+module.exports = Wordcut;
+
+},{"./acceptors":1,"./dict":2,"./latin_rules":3,"./path_info_builder":4,"./path_selector":5,"./thai_rules":6,"./wordcut_core":8,"sys":28,"underscore":25}],8:[function(require,module,exports){
+var WordcutCore = {
+
+  buildPath: function(text) {
+    var self = this
+      , path = self.pathSelector.createPath()
+      , leftBoundary = 0;
+    self.acceptors.reset();
+    for (var i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
+      var ch = text[i];
+      self.acceptors.transit(ch);
+
+      var possiblePathInfos = self
+        .pathInfoBuilder
+        .build(path,
+               self.acceptors.getFinalAcceptors(),
+               i,
+               leftBoundary,
+               text);
+      var selectedPath = self.pathSelector.selectPath(possiblePathInfos)
+
+      path.push(selectedPath);
+      if (selectedPath.type !== "UNK") {
+        leftBoundary = i;
+      }
+    }
+    return path;
+  },
+
+  pathToRanges: function(path) {
+    var e = path.length - 1
+     , ranges = [];
+
+    while (e > 0) {
+      var info = path[e]
+       , s = info.p;
+
+      if (info.merge !== undefined && ranges.length > 0) {
+        var r = ranges[ranges.length - 1];
+        r.s = info.merge;
+        s = r.s;
+      } else {
+        ranges.push({s:s, e:e});
+      }
+      e = s;
+    }
+    return ranges.reverse();
+  },
+
+  rangesToText: function(text, ranges, delimiter) {
+    return ranges.map(function(r) {
+      return text.substring(r.s, r.e);
+    }).join(delimiter);
+  },
+
+  cut: function(text, delimiter) {
+    var path = this.buildPath(text)
+      , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+    return this
+      .rangesToText(text, ranges,
+                    (delimiter === undefined ? "|" : delimiter));
+  },
+
+  cutIntoRanges: function(text, noText) {
+    var path = this.buildPath(text)
+      , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+
+    if (!noText) {
+      ranges.forEach(function(r) {
+        r.text = text.substring(r.s, r.e);
+      });
+    }
+    return ranges;
+  },
+
+  cutIntoArray: function(text) {
+    var path = this.buildPath(text)
+      , ranges = this.pathToRanges(path);
+    
+    return ranges.map(function(r) {
+      return text.substring(r.s, r.e)
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+module.exports = WordcutCore;
+
+},{}],9:[function(require,module,exports){
+// http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Unit_Testing/1.0
+//
+// THIS IS NOT TESTED NOR LIKELY TO WORK OUTSIDE V8!
+//
+// Originally from narwhal.js (http://narwhaljs.org)
+// Copyright (c) 2009 Thomas Robinson <280north.com>
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the 'Software'), to
+// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+// ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// when used in node, this will actually load the util module we depend on
+// versus loading the builtin util module as happens otherwise
+// this is a bug in node module loading as far as I am concerned
+var util = require('util/');
+
+var pSlice = Array.prototype.slice;
+var hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
+
+// 1. The assert module provides functions that throw
+// AssertionError's when particular conditions are not met. The
+// assert module must conform to the following interface.
+
+var assert = module.exports = ok;
+
+// 2. The AssertionError is defined in assert.
+// new assert.AssertionError({ message: message,
+//                             actual: actual,
+//                             expected: expected })
+
+assert.AssertionError = function AssertionError(options) {
+  this.name = 'AssertionError';
+  this.actual = options.actual;
+  this.expected = options.expected;
+  this.operator = options.operator;
+  if (options.message) {
+    this.message = options.message;
+    this.generatedMessage = false;
+  } else {
+    this.message = getMessage(this);
+    this.generatedMessage = true;
+  }
+  var stackStartFunction = options.stackStartFunction || fail;
+
+  if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
+    Error.captureStackTrace(this, stackStartFunction);
+  }
+  else {
+    // non v8 browsers so we can have a stacktrace
+    var err = new Error();
+    if (err.stack) {
+      var out = err.stack;
+
+      // try to strip useless frames
+      var fn_name = stackStartFunction.name;
+      var idx = out.indexOf('\n' + fn_name);
+      if (idx >= 0) {
+        // once we have located the function frame
+        // we need to strip out everything before it (and its line)
+        var next_line = out.indexOf('\n', idx + 1);
+        out = out.substring(next_line + 1);
+      }
+
+      this.stack = out;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// assert.AssertionError instanceof Error
+util.inherits(assert.AssertionError, Error);
+
+function replacer(key, value) {
+  if (util.isUndefined(value)) {
+    return '' + value;
+  }
+  if (util.isNumber(value) && !isFinite(value)) {
+    return value.toString();
+  }
+  if (util.isFunction(value) || util.isRegExp(value)) {
+    return value.toString();
+  }
+  return value;
+}
+
+function truncate(s, n) {
+  if (util.isString(s)) {
+    return s.length < n ? s : s.slice(0, n);
+  } else {
+    return s;
+  }
+}
+
+function getMessage(self) {
+  return truncate(JSON.stringify(self.actual, replacer), 128) + ' ' +
+         self.operator + ' ' +
+         truncate(JSON.stringify(self.expected, replacer), 128);
+}
+
+// At present only the three keys mentioned above are used and
+// understood by the spec. Implementations or sub modules can pass
+// other keys to the AssertionError's constructor - they will be
+// ignored.
+
+// 3. All of the following functions must throw an AssertionError
+// when a corresponding condition is not met, with a message that
+// may be undefined if not provided.  All assertion methods provide
+// both the actual and expected values to the assertion error for
+// display purposes.
+
+function fail(actual, expected, message, operator, stackStartFunction) {
+  throw new assert.AssertionError({
+    message: message,
+    actual: actual,
+    expected: expected,
+    operator: operator,
+    stackStartFunction: stackStartFunction
+  });
+}
+
+// EXTENSION! allows for well behaved errors defined elsewhere.
+assert.fail = fail;
+
+// 4. Pure assertion tests whether a value is truthy, as determined
+// by !!guard.
+// assert.ok(guard, message_opt);
+// This statement is equivalent to assert.equal(true, !!guard,
+// message_opt);. To test strictly for the value true, use
+// assert.strictEqual(true, guard, message_opt);.
+
+function ok(value, message) {
+  if (!value) fail(value, true, message, '==', assert.ok);
+}
+assert.ok = ok;
+
+// 5. The equality assertion tests shallow, coercive equality with
+// ==.
+// assert.equal(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.equal = function equal(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual != expected) fail(actual, expected, message, '==', assert.equal);
+};
+
+// 6. The non-equality assertion tests for whether two objects are not equal
+// with != assert.notEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notEqual = function notEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual == expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!=', assert.notEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 7. The equivalence assertion tests a deep equality relation.
+// assert.deepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.deepEqual = function deepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (!_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'deepEqual', assert.deepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function _deepEqual(actual, expected) {
+  // 7.1. All identical values are equivalent, as determined by ===.
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    return true;
+
+  } else if (util.isBuffer(actual) && util.isBuffer(expected)) {
+    if (actual.length != expected.length) return false;
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < actual.length; i++) {
+      if (actual[i] !== expected[i]) return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+
+  // 7.2. If the expected value is a Date object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a Date object that refers to the same time.
+  } else if (util.isDate(actual) && util.isDate(expected)) {
+    return actual.getTime() === expected.getTime();
+
+  // 7.3 If the expected value is a RegExp object, the actual value is
+  // equivalent if it is also a RegExp object with the same source and
+  // properties (`global`, `multiline`, `lastIndex`, `ignoreCase`).
+  } else if (util.isRegExp(actual) && util.isRegExp(expected)) {
+    return actual.source === expected.source &&
+           actual.global === expected.global &&
+           actual.multiline === expected.multiline &&
+           actual.lastIndex === expected.lastIndex &&
+           actual.ignoreCase === expected.ignoreCase;
+
+  // 7.4. Other pairs that do not both pass typeof value == 'object',
+  // equivalence is determined by ==.
+  } else if (!util.isObject(actual) && !util.isObject(expected)) {
+    return actual == expected;
+
+  // 7.5 For all other Object pairs, including Array objects, equivalence is
+  // determined by having the same number of owned properties (as verified
+  // with Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call), the same set of keys
+  // (although not necessarily the same order), equivalent values for every
+  // corresponding key, and an identical 'prototype' property. Note: this
+  // accounts for both named and indexed properties on Arrays.
+  } else {
+    return objEquiv(actual, expected);
+  }
+}
+
+function isArguments(object) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) == '[object Arguments]';
+}
+
+function objEquiv(a, b) {
+  if (util.isNullOrUndefined(a) || util.isNullOrUndefined(b))
+    return false;
+  // an identical 'prototype' property.
+  if (a.prototype !== b.prototype) return false;
+  // if one is a primitive, the other must be same
+  if (util.isPrimitive(a) || util.isPrimitive(b)) {
+    return a === b;
+  }
+  var aIsArgs = isArguments(a),
+      bIsArgs = isArguments(b);
+  if ((aIsArgs && !bIsArgs) || (!aIsArgs && bIsArgs))
+    return false;
+  if (aIsArgs) {
+    a = pSlice.call(a);
+    b = pSlice.call(b);
+    return _deepEqual(a, b);
+  }
+  var ka = objectKeys(a),
+      kb = objectKeys(b),
+      key, i;
+  // having the same number of owned properties (keys incorporates
+  // hasOwnProperty)
+  if (ka.length != kb.length)
+    return false;
+  //the same set of keys (although not necessarily the same order),
+  ka.sort();
+  kb.sort();
+  //~~~cheap key test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    if (ka[i] != kb[i])
+      return false;
+  }
+  //equivalent values for every corresponding key, and
+  //~~~possibly expensive deep test
+  for (i = ka.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    key = ka[i];
+    if (!_deepEqual(a[key], b[key])) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// 8. The non-equivalence assertion tests for any deep inequality.
+// assert.notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notDeepEqual = function notDeepEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (_deepEqual(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, 'notDeepEqual', assert.notDeepEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 9. The strict equality assertion tests strict equality, as determined by ===.
+// assert.strictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.strictEqual = function strictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual !== expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '===', assert.strictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+// 10. The strict non-equality assertion tests for strict inequality, as
+// determined by !==.  assert.notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message_opt);
+
+assert.notStrictEqual = function notStrictEqual(actual, expected, message) {
+  if (actual === expected) {
+    fail(actual, expected, message, '!==', assert.notStrictEqual);
+  }
+};
+
+function expectedException(actual, expected) {
+  if (!actual || !expected) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (Object.prototype.toString.call(expected) == '[object RegExp]') {
+    return expected.test(actual);
+  } else if (actual instanceof expected) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (expected.call({}, actual) === true) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+function _throws(shouldThrow, block, expected, message) {
+  var actual;
+
+  if (util.isString(expected)) {
+    message = expected;
+    expected = null;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    block();
+  } catch (e) {
+    actual = e;
+  }
+
+  message = (expected && expected.name ? ' (' + expected.name + ').' : '.') +
+            (message ? ' ' + message : '.');
+
+  if (shouldThrow && !actual) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Missing expected exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  if (!shouldThrow && expectedException(actual, expected)) {
+    fail(actual, expected, 'Got unwanted exception' + message);
+  }
+
+  if ((shouldThrow && actual && expected &&
+      !expectedException(actual, expected)) || (!shouldThrow && actual)) {
+    throw actual;
+  }
+}
+
+// 11. Expected to throw an error:
+// assert.throws(block, Error_opt, message_opt);
+
+assert.throws = function(block, /*optional*/error, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws.apply(this, [true].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+// EXTENSION! This is annoying to write outside this module.
+assert.doesNotThrow = function(block, /*optional*/message) {
+  _throws.apply(this, [false].concat(pSlice.call(arguments)));
+};
+
+assert.ifError = function(err) { if (err) {throw err;}};
+
+var objectKeys = Object.keys || function (obj) {
+  var keys = [];
+  for (var key in obj) {
+    if (hasOwn.call(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+  }
+  return keys;
+};
+
+},{"util/":28}],10:[function(require,module,exports){
+'use strict';
+module.exports = balanced;
+function balanced(a, b, str) {
+  if (a instanceof RegExp) a = maybeMatch(a, str);
+  if (b instanceof RegExp) b = maybeMatch(b, str);
+
+  var r = range(a, b, str);
+
+  return r && {
+    start: r[0],
+    end: r[1],
+    pre: str.slice(0, r[0]),
+    body: str.slice(r[0] + a.length, r[1]),
+    post: str.slice(r[1] + b.length)
+  };
+}
+
+function maybeMatch(reg, str) {
+  var m = str.match(reg);
+  return m ? m[0] : null;
+}
+
+balanced.range = range;
+function range(a, b, str) {
+  var begs, beg, left, right, result;
+  var ai = str.indexOf(a);
+  var bi = str.indexOf(b, ai + 1);
+  var i = ai;
+
+  if (ai >= 0 && bi > 0) {
+    begs = [];
+    left = str.length;
+
+    while (i >= 0 && !result) {
+      if (i == ai) {
+        begs.push(i);
+        ai = str.indexOf(a, i + 1);
+      } else if (begs.length == 1) {
+        result = [ begs.pop(), bi ];
+      } else {
+        beg = begs.pop();
+        if (beg < left) {
+          left = beg;
+          right = bi;
+        }
+
+        bi = str.indexOf(b, i + 1);
+      }
+
+      i = ai < bi && ai >= 0 ? ai : bi;
+    }
+
+    if (begs.length) {
+      result = [ left, right ];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+},{}],11:[function(require,module,exports){
+var concatMap = require('concat-map');
+var balanced = require('balanced-match');
+
+module.exports = expandTop;
+
+var escSlash = '\0SLASH'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escOpen = '\0OPEN'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escClose = '\0CLOSE'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escComma = '\0COMMA'+Math.random()+'\0';
+var escPeriod = '\0PERIOD'+Math.random()+'\0';
+
+function numeric(str) {
+  return parseInt(str, 10) == str
+    ? parseInt(str, 10)
+    : str.charCodeAt(0);
+}
+
+function escapeBraces(str) {
+  return str.split('\\\\').join(escSlash)
+            .split('\\{').join(escOpen)
+            .split('\\}').join(escClose)
+            .split('\\,').join(escComma)
+            .split('\\.').join(escPeriod);
+}
+
+function unescapeBraces(str) {
+  return str.split(escSlash).join('\\')
+            .split(escOpen).join('{')
+            .split(escClose).join('}')
+            .split(escComma).join(',')
+            .split(escPeriod).join('.');
+}
+
+
+// Basically just str.split(","), but handling cases
+// where we have nested braced sections, which should be
+// treated as individual members, like {a,{b,c},d}
+function parseCommaParts(str) {
+  if (!str)
+    return [''];
+
+  var parts = [];
+  var m = balanced('{', '}', str);
+
+  if (!m)
+    return str.split(',');
+
+  var pre = m.pre;
+  var body = m.body;
+  var post = m.post;
+  var p = pre.split(',');
+
+  p[p.length-1] += '{' + body + '}';
+  var postParts = parseCommaParts(post);
+  if (post.length) {
+    p[p.length-1] += postParts.shift();
+    p.push.apply(p, postParts);
+  }
+
+  parts.push.apply(parts, p);
+
+  return parts;
+}
+
+function expandTop(str) {
+  if (!str)
+    return [];
+
+  // I don't know why Bash 4.3 does this, but it does.
+  // Anything starting with {} will have the first two bytes preserved
+  // but *only* at the top level, so {},a}b will not expand to anything,
+  // but a{},b}c will be expanded to [a}c,abc].
+  // One could argue that this is a bug in Bash, but since the goal of
+  // this module is to match Bash's rules, we escape a leading {}
+  if (str.substr(0, 2) === '{}') {
+    str = '\\{\\}' + str.substr(2);
+  }
+
+  return expand(escapeBraces(str), true).map(unescapeBraces);
+}
+
+function identity(e) {
+  return e;
+}
+
+function embrace(str) {
+  return '{' + str + '}';
+}
+function isPadded(el) {
+  return /^-?0\d/.test(el);
+}
+
+function lte(i, y) {
+  return i <= y;
+}
+function gte(i, y) {
+  return i >= y;
+}
+
+function expand(str, isTop) {
+  var expansions = [];
+
+  var m = balanced('{', '}', str);
+  if (!m || /\$$/.test(m.pre)) return [str];
+
+  var isNumericSequence = /^-?\d+\.\.-?\d+(?:\.\.-?\d+)?$/.test(m.body);
+  var isAlphaSequence = /^[a-zA-Z]\.\.[a-zA-Z](?:\.\.-?\d+)?$/.test(m.body);
+  var isSequence = isNumericSequence || isAlphaSequence;
+  var isOptions = m.body.indexOf(',') >= 0;
+  if (!isSequence && !isOptions) {
+    // {a},b}
+    if (m.post.match(/,.*\}/)) {
+      str = m.pre + '{' + m.body + escClose + m.post;
+      return expand(str);
+    }
+    return [str];
+  }
+
+  var n;
+  if (isSequence) {
+    n = m.body.split(/\.\./);
+  } else {
+    n = parseCommaParts(m.body);
+    if (n.length === 1) {
+      // x{{a,b}}y ==> x{a}y x{b}y
+      n = expand(n[0], false).map(embrace);
+      if (n.length === 1) {
+        var post = m.post.length
+          ? expand(m.post, false)
+          : [''];
+        return post.map(function(p) {
+          return m.pre + n[0] + p;
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // at this point, n is the parts, and we know it's not a comma set
+  // with a single entry.
+
+  // no need to expand pre, since it is guaranteed to be free of brace-sets
+  var pre = m.pre;
+  var post = m.post.length
+    ? expand(m.post, false)
+    : [''];
+
+  var N;
+
+  if (isSequence) {
+    var x = numeric(n[0]);
+    var y = numeric(n[1]);
+    var width = Math.max(n[0].length, n[1].length)
+    var incr = n.length == 3
+      ? Math.abs(numeric(n[2]))
+      : 1;
+    var test = lte;
+    var reverse = y < x;
+    if (reverse) {
+      incr *= -1;
+      test = gte;
+    }
+    var pad = n.some(isPadded);
+
+    N = [];
+
+    for (var i = x; test(i, y); i += incr) {
+      var c;
+      if (isAlphaSequence) {
+        c = String.fromCharCode(i);
+        if (c === '\\')
+          c = '';
+      } else {
+        c = String(i);
+        if (pad) {
+          var need = width - c.length;
+          if (need > 0) {
+            var z = new Array(need + 1).join('0');
+            if (i < 0)
+              c = '-' + z + c.slice(1);
+            else
+              c = z + c;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      N.push(c);
+    }
+  } else {
+    N = concatMap(n, function(el) { return expand(el, false) });
+  }
+
+  for (var j = 0; j < N.length; j++) {
+    for (var k = 0; k < post.length; k++) {
+      var expansion = pre + N[j] + post[k];
+      if (!isTop || isSequence || expansion)
+        expansions.push(expansion);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return expansions;
+}
+
+
+},{"balanced-match":10,"concat-map":13}],12:[function(require,module,exports){
+
+},{}],13:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function (xs, fn) {
+    var res = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) {
+        var x = fn(xs[i], i);
+        if (isArray(x)) res.push.apply(res, x);
+        else res.push(x);
+    }
+    return res;
+};
+
+var isArray = Array.isArray || function (xs) {
+    return Object.prototype.toString.call(xs) === '[object Array]';
+};
+
+},{}],14:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+function EventEmitter() {
+  this._events = this._events || {};
+  this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
+}
+module.exports = EventEmitter;
+
+// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
+EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
+EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;
+
+// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
+// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
+EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;
+
+// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
+// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
+EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
+  if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
+    throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
+  this._maxListeners = n;
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
+  var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
+
+  // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
+  if (type === 'error') {
+    if (!this._events.error ||
+        (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
+      er = arguments[1];
+      if (er instanceof Error) {
+        throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
+      }
+      throw TypeError('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event.');
+    }
+  }
+
+  handler = this._events[type];
+
+  if (isUndefined(handler))
+    return false;
+
+  if (isFunction(handler)) {
+    switch (arguments.length) {
+      // fast cases
+      case 1:
+        handler.call(this);
+        break;
+      case 2:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
+        break;
+      case 3:
+        handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
+        break;
+      // slower
+      default:
+        len = arguments.length;
+        args = new Array(len - 1);
+        for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+          args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+        handler.apply(this, args);
+    }
+  } else if (isObject(handler)) {
+    len = arguments.length;
+    args = new Array(len - 1);
+    for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
+      args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+
+    listeners = handler.slice();
+    len = listeners.length;
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+      listeners[i].apply(this, args);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var m;
+
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    this._events = {};
+
+  // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
+  // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
+  if (this._events.newListener)
+    this.emit('newListener', type,
+              isFunction(listener.listener) ?
+              listener.listener : listener);
+
+  if (!this._events[type])
+    // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
+    this._events[type] = listener;
+  else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
+    // If we've already got an array, just append.
+    this._events[type].push(listener);
+  else
+    // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
+    this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];
+
+  // Check for listener leak
+  if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
+    var m;
+    if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
+      m = this._maxListeners;
+    } else {
+      m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
+    }
+
+    if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
+      this._events[type].warned = true;
+      console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
+                    'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
+                    'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
+                    this._events[type].length);
+      if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
+        // not supported in IE 10
+        console.trace();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  var fired = false;
+
+  function g() {
+    this.removeListener(type, g);
+
+    if (!fired) {
+      fired = true;
+      listener.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+  }
+
+  g.listener = listener;
+  this.on(type, g);
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
+  var list, position, length, i;
+
+  if (!isFunction(listener))
+    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');
+
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    return this;
+
+  list = this._events[type];
+  length = list.length;
+  position = -1;
+
+  if (list === listener ||
+      (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
+    delete this._events[type];
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+
+  } else if (isObject(list)) {
+    for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
+      if (list[i] === listener ||
+          (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
+        position = i;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (position < 0)
+      return this;
+
+    if (list.length === 1) {
+      list.length = 0;
+      delete this._events[type];
+    } else {
+      list.splice(position, 1);
+    }
+
+    if (this._events.removeListener)
+      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
+  }
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
+  var key, listeners;
+
+  if (!this._events)
+    return this;
+
+  // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
+  if (!this._events.removeListener) {
+    if (arguments.length === 0)
+      this._events = {};
+    else if (this._events[type])
+      delete this._events[type];
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
+  if (arguments.length === 0) {
+    for (key in this._events) {
+      if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
+      this.removeAllListeners(key);
+    }
+    this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
+    this._events = {};
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  listeners = this._events[type];
+
+  if (isFunction(listeners)) {
+    this.removeListener(type, listeners);
+  } else {
+    // LIFO order
+    while (listeners.length)
+      this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
+  }
+  delete this._events[type];
+
+  return this;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
+  var ret;
+  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
+    ret = [];
+  else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
+    ret = [this._events[type]];
+  else
+    ret = this._events[type].slice();
+  return ret;
+};
+
+EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
+  var ret;
+  if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[type])
+    ret = 0;
+  else if (isFunction(emitter._events[type]))
+    ret = 1;
+  else
+    ret = emitter._events[type].length;
+  return ret;
+};
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+
+},{}],15:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+exports.alphasort = alphasort
+exports.alphasorti = alphasorti
+exports.setopts = setopts
+exports.ownProp = ownProp
+exports.makeAbs = makeAbs
+exports.finish = finish
+exports.mark = mark
+exports.isIgnored = isIgnored
+exports.childrenIgnored = childrenIgnored
+
+function ownProp (obj, field) {
+  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, field)
+}
+
+var path = require("path")
+var minimatch = require("minimatch")
+var isAbsolute = require("path-is-absolute")
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+
+function alphasorti (a, b) {
+  return a.toLowerCase().localeCompare(b.toLowerCase())
+}
+
+function alphasort (a, b) {
+  return a.localeCompare(b)
+}
+
+function setupIgnores (self, options) {
+  self.ignore = options.ignore || []
+
+  if (!Array.isArray(self.ignore))
+    self.ignore = [self.ignore]
+
+  if (self.ignore.length) {
+    self.ignore = self.ignore.map(ignoreMap)
+  }
+}
+
+function ignoreMap (pattern) {
+  var gmatcher = null
+  if (pattern.slice(-3) === '/**') {
+    var gpattern = pattern.replace(/(\/\*\*)+$/, '')
+    gmatcher = new Minimatch(gpattern)
+  }
+
+  return {
+    matcher: new Minimatch(pattern),
+    gmatcher: gmatcher
+  }
+}
+
+function setopts (self, pattern, options) {
+  if (!options)
+    options = {}
+
+  // base-matching: just use globstar for that.
+  if (options.matchBase && -1 === pattern.indexOf("/")) {
+    if (options.noglobstar) {
+      throw new Error("base matching requires globstar")
+    }
+    pattern = "**/" + pattern
+  }
+
+  self.silent = !!options.silent
+  self.pattern = pattern
+  self.strict = options.strict !== false
+  self.realpath = !!options.realpath
+  self.realpathCache = options.realpathCache || Object.create(null)
+  self.follow = !!options.follow
+  self.dot = !!options.dot
+  self.mark = !!options.mark
+  self.nodir = !!options.nodir
+  if (self.nodir)
+    self.mark = true
+  self.sync = !!options.sync
+  self.nounique = !!options.nounique
+  self.nonull = !!options.nonull
+  self.nosort = !!options.nosort
+  self.nocase = !!options.nocase
+  self.stat = !!options.stat
+  self.noprocess = !!options.noprocess
+
+  self.maxLength = options.maxLength || Infinity
+  self.cache = options.cache || Object.create(null)
+  self.statCache = options.statCache || Object.create(null)
+  self.symlinks = options.symlinks || Object.create(null)
+
+  setupIgnores(self, options)
+
+  self.changedCwd = false
+  var cwd = process.cwd()
+  if (!ownProp(options, "cwd"))
+    self.cwd = cwd
+  else {
+    self.cwd = options.cwd
+    self.changedCwd = path.resolve(options.cwd) !== cwd
+  }
+
+  self.root = options.root || path.resolve(self.cwd, "/")
+  self.root = path.resolve(self.root)
+  if (process.platform === "win32")
+    self.root = self.root.replace(/\\/g, "/")
+
+  self.nomount = !!options.nomount
+
+  // disable comments and negation unless the user explicitly
+  // passes in false as the option.
+  options.nonegate = options.nonegate === false ? false : true
+  options.nocomment = options.nocomment === false ? false : true
+  deprecationWarning(options)
+
+  self.minimatch = new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+  self.options = self.minimatch.options
+}
+
+// TODO(isaacs): remove entirely in v6
+// exported to reset in tests
+exports.deprecationWarned
+function deprecationWarning(options) {
+  if (!options.nonegate || !options.nocomment) {
+    if (process.noDeprecation !== true && !exports.deprecationWarned) {
+      var msg = 'glob WARNING: comments and negation will be disabled in v6'
+      if (process.throwDeprecation)
+        throw new Error(msg)
+      else if (process.traceDeprecation)
+        console.trace(msg)
+      else
+        console.error(msg)
+
+      exports.deprecationWarned = true
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function finish (self) {
+  var nou = self.nounique
+  var all = nou ? [] : Object.create(null)
+
+  for (var i = 0, l = self.matches.length; i < l; i ++) {
+    var matches = self.matches[i]
+    if (!matches || Object.keys(matches).length === 0) {
+      if (self.nonull) {
+        // do like the shell, and spit out the literal glob
+        var literal = self.minimatch.globSet[i]
+        if (nou)
+          all.push(literal)
+        else
+          all[literal] = true
+      }
+    } else {
+      // had matches
+      var m = Object.keys(matches)
+      if (nou)
+        all.push.apply(all, m)
+      else
+        m.forEach(function (m) {
+          all[m] = true
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!nou)
+    all = Object.keys(all)
+
+  if (!self.nosort)
+    all = all.sort(self.nocase ? alphasorti : alphasort)
+
+  // at *some* point we statted all of these
+  if (self.mark) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < all.length; i++) {
+      all[i] = self._mark(all[i])
+    }
+    if (self.nodir) {
+      all = all.filter(function (e) {
+        return !(/\/$/.test(e))
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (self.ignore.length)
+    all = all.filter(function(m) {
+      return !isIgnored(self, m)
+    })
+
+  self.found = all
+}
+
+function mark (self, p) {
+  var abs = makeAbs(self, p)
+  var c = self.cache[abs]
+  var m = p
+  if (c) {
+    var isDir = c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c)
+    var slash = p.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+    if (isDir && !slash)
+      m += '/'
+    else if (!isDir && slash)
+      m = m.slice(0, -1)
+
+    if (m !== p) {
+      var mabs = makeAbs(self, m)
+      self.statCache[mabs] = self.statCache[abs]
+      self.cache[mabs] = self.cache[abs]
+    }
+  }
+
+  return m
+}
+
+// lotta situps...
+function makeAbs (self, f) {
+  var abs = f
+  if (f.charAt(0) === '/') {
+    abs = path.join(self.root, f)
+  } else if (isAbsolute(f) || f === '') {
+    abs = f
+  } else if (self.changedCwd) {
+    abs = path.resolve(self.cwd, f)
+  } else {
+    abs = path.resolve(f)
+  }
+  return abs
+}
+
+
+// Return true, if pattern ends with globstar '**', for the accompanying parent directory.
+// Ex:- If node_modules/** is the pattern, add 'node_modules' to ignore list along with it's contents
+function isIgnored (self, path) {
+  if (!self.ignore.length)
+    return false
+
+  return self.ignore.some(function(item) {
+    return item.matcher.match(path) || !!(item.gmatcher && item.gmatcher.match(path))
+  })
+}
+
+function childrenIgnored (self, path) {
+  if (!self.ignore.length)
+    return false
+
+  return self.ignore.some(function(item) {
+    return !!(item.gmatcher && item.gmatcher.match(path))
+  })
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24,"minimatch":20,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23}],16:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Approach:
+//
+// 1. Get the minimatch set
+// 2. For each pattern in the set, PROCESS(pattern, false)
+// 3. Store matches per-set, then uniq them
+//
+// PROCESS(pattern, inGlobStar)
+// Get the first [n] items from pattern that are all strings
+// Join these together.  This is PREFIX.
+//   If there is no more remaining, then stat(PREFIX) and
+//   add to matches if it succeeds.  END.
+//
+// If inGlobStar and PREFIX is symlink and points to dir
+//   set ENTRIES = []
+// else readdir(PREFIX) as ENTRIES
+//   If fail, END
+//
+// with ENTRIES
+//   If pattern[n] is GLOBSTAR
+//     // handle the case where the globstar match is empty
+//     // by pruning it out, and testing the resulting pattern
+//     PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + pattern[n+1 .. $], false)
+//     // handle other cases.
+//     for ENTRY in ENTRIES (not dotfiles)
+//       // attach globstar + tail onto the entry
+//       // Mark that this entry is a globstar match
+//       PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + ENTRY + pattern[n .. $], true)
+//
+//   else // not globstar
+//     for ENTRY in ENTRIES (not dotfiles, unless pattern[n] is dot)
+//       Test ENTRY against pattern[n]
+//       If fails, continue
+//       If passes, PROCESS(pattern[0..n] + item + pattern[n+1 .. $])
+//
+// Caveat:
+//   Cache all stats and readdirs results to minimize syscall.  Since all
+//   we ever care about is existence and directory-ness, we can just keep
+//   `true` for files, and [children,...] for directories, or `false` for
+//   things that don't exist.
+
+module.exports = glob
+
+var fs = require('fs')
+var minimatch = require('minimatch')
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+var inherits = require('inherits')
+var EE = require('events').EventEmitter
+var path = require('path')
+var assert = require('assert')
+var isAbsolute = require('path-is-absolute')
+var globSync = require('./sync.js')
+var common = require('./common.js')
+var alphasort = common.alphasort
+var alphasorti = common.alphasorti
+var setopts = common.setopts
+var ownProp = common.ownProp
+var inflight = require('inflight')
+var util = require('util')
+var childrenIgnored = common.childrenIgnored
+var isIgnored = common.isIgnored
+
+var once = require('once')
+
+function glob (pattern, options, cb) {
+  if (typeof options === 'function') cb = options, options = {}
+  if (!options) options = {}
+
+  if (options.sync) {
+    if (cb)
+      throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob')
+    return globSync(pattern, options)
+  }
+
+  return new Glob(pattern, options, cb)
+}
+
+glob.sync = globSync
+var GlobSync = glob.GlobSync = globSync.GlobSync
+
+// old api surface
+glob.glob = glob
+
+glob.hasMagic = function (pattern, options_) {
+  var options = util._extend({}, options_)
+  options.noprocess = true
+
+  var g = new Glob(pattern, options)
+  var set = g.minimatch.set
+  if (set.length > 1)
+    return true
+
+  for (var j = 0; j < set[0].length; j++) {
+    if (typeof set[0][j] !== 'string')
+      return true
+  }
+
+  return false
+}
+
+glob.Glob = Glob
+inherits(Glob, EE)
+function Glob (pattern, options, cb) {
+  if (typeof options === 'function') {
+    cb = options
+    options = null
+  }
+
+  if (options && options.sync) {
+    if (cb)
+      throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob')
+    return new GlobSync(pattern, options)
+  }
+
+  if (!(this instanceof Glob))
+    return new Glob(pattern, options, cb)
+
+  setopts(this, pattern, options)
+  this._didRealPath = false
+
+  // process each pattern in the minimatch set
+  var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+
+  // The matches are stored as {<filename>: true,...} so that
+  // duplicates are automagically pruned.
+  // Later, we do an Object.keys() on these.
+  // Keep them as a list so we can fill in when nonull is set.
+  this.matches = new Array(n)
+
+  if (typeof cb === 'function') {
+    cb = once(cb)
+    this.on('error', cb)
+    this.on('end', function (matches) {
+      cb(null, matches)
+    })
+  }
+
+  var self = this
+  var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+  this._processing = 0
+  this.matches = new Array(n)
+
+  this._emitQueue = []
+  this._processQueue = []
+  this.paused = false
+
+  if (this.noprocess)
+    return this
+
+  if (n === 0)
+    return done()
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
+    this._process(this.minimatch.set[i], i, false, done)
+  }
+
+  function done () {
+    --self._processing
+    if (self._processing <= 0)
+      self._finish()
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._finish = function () {
+  assert(this instanceof Glob)
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  if (this.realpath && !this._didRealpath)
+    return this._realpath()
+
+  common.finish(this)
+  this.emit('end', this.found)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._realpath = function () {
+  if (this._didRealpath)
+    return
+
+  this._didRealpath = true
+
+  var n = this.matches.length
+  if (n === 0)
+    return this._finish()
+
+  var self = this
+  for (var i = 0; i < this.matches.length; i++)
+    this._realpathSet(i, next)
+
+  function next () {
+    if (--n === 0)
+      self._finish()
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._realpathSet = function (index, cb) {
+  var matchset = this.matches[index]
+  if (!matchset)
+    return cb()
+
+  var found = Object.keys(matchset)
+  var self = this
+  var n = found.length
+
+  if (n === 0)
+    return cb()
+
+  var set = this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+  found.forEach(function (p, i) {
+    // If there's a problem with the stat, then it means that
+    // one or more of the links in the realpath couldn't be
+    // resolved.  just return the abs value in that case.
+    p = self._makeAbs(p)
+    fs.realpath(p, self.realpathCache, function (er, real) {
+      if (!er)
+        set[real] = true
+      else if (er.syscall === 'stat')
+        set[p] = true
+      else
+        self.emit('error', er) // srsly wtf right here
+
+      if (--n === 0) {
+        self.matches[index] = set
+        cb()
+      }
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._mark = function (p) {
+  return common.mark(this, p)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._makeAbs = function (f) {
+  return common.makeAbs(this, f)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.abort = function () {
+  this.aborted = true
+  this.emit('abort')
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.pause = function () {
+  if (!this.paused) {
+    this.paused = true
+    this.emit('pause')
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype.resume = function () {
+  if (this.paused) {
+    this.emit('resume')
+    this.paused = false
+    if (this._emitQueue.length) {
+      var eq = this._emitQueue.slice(0)
+      this._emitQueue.length = 0
+      for (var i = 0; i < eq.length; i ++) {
+        var e = eq[i]
+        this._emitMatch(e[0], e[1])
+      }
+    }
+    if (this._processQueue.length) {
+      var pq = this._processQueue.slice(0)
+      this._processQueue.length = 0
+      for (var i = 0; i < pq.length; i ++) {
+        var p = pq[i]
+        this._processing--
+        this._process(p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3])
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._process = function (pattern, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+  assert(this instanceof Glob)
+  assert(typeof cb === 'function')
+
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  this._processing++
+  if (this.paused) {
+    this._processQueue.push([pattern, index, inGlobStar, cb])
+    return
+  }
+
+  //console.error('PROCESS %d', this._processing, pattern)
+
+  // Get the first [n] parts of pattern that are all strings.
+  var n = 0
+  while (typeof pattern[n] === 'string') {
+    n ++
+  }
+  // now n is the index of the first one that is *not* a string.
+
+  // see if there's anything else
+  var prefix
+  switch (n) {
+    // if not, then this is rather simple
+    case pattern.length:
+      this._processSimple(pattern.join('/'), index, cb)
+      return
+
+    case 0:
+      // pattern *starts* with some non-trivial item.
+      // going to readdir(cwd), but not include the prefix in matches.
+      prefix = null
+      break
+
+    default:
+      // pattern has some string bits in the front.
+      // whatever it starts with, whether that's 'absolute' like /foo/bar,
+      // or 'relative' like '../baz'
+      prefix = pattern.slice(0, n).join('/')
+      break
+  }
+
+  var remain = pattern.slice(n)
+
+  // get the list of entries.
+  var read
+  if (prefix === null)
+    read = '.'
+  else if (isAbsolute(prefix) || isAbsolute(pattern.join('/'))) {
+    if (!prefix || !isAbsolute(prefix))
+      prefix = '/' + prefix
+    read = prefix
+  } else
+    read = prefix
+
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(read)
+
+  //if ignored, skip _processing
+  if (childrenIgnored(this, read))
+    return cb()
+
+  var isGlobStar = remain[0] === minimatch.GLOBSTAR
+  if (isGlobStar)
+    this._processGlobStar(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb)
+  else
+    this._processReaddir(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processReaddir = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+  var self = this
+  this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar, function (er, entries) {
+    return self._processReaddir2(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb)
+  })
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processReaddir2 = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb) {
+
+  // if the abs isn't a dir, then nothing can match!
+  if (!entries)
+    return cb()
+
+  // It will only match dot entries if it starts with a dot, or if
+  // dot is set.  Stuff like @(.foo|.bar) isn't allowed.
+  var pn = remain[0]
+  var negate = !!this.minimatch.negate
+  var rawGlob = pn._glob
+  var dotOk = this.dot || rawGlob.charAt(0) === '.'
+
+  var matchedEntries = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
+    var e = entries[i]
+    if (e.charAt(0) !== '.' || dotOk) {
+      var m
+      if (negate && !prefix) {
+        m = !e.match(pn)
+      } else {
+        m = e.match(pn)
+      }
+      if (m)
+        matchedEntries.push(e)
+    }
+  }
+
+  //console.error('prd2', prefix, entries, remain[0]._glob, matchedEntries)
+
+  var len = matchedEntries.length
+  // If there are no matched entries, then nothing matches.
+  if (len === 0)
+    return cb()
+
+  // if this is the last remaining pattern bit, then no need for
+  // an additional stat *unless* the user has specified mark or
+  // stat explicitly.  We know they exist, since readdir returned
+  // them.
+
+  if (remain.length === 1 && !this.mark && !this.stat) {
+    if (!this.matches[index])
+      this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+      var e = matchedEntries[i]
+      if (prefix) {
+        if (prefix !== '/')
+          e = prefix + '/' + e
+        else
+          e = prefix + e
+      }
+
+      if (e.charAt(0) === '/' && !this.nomount) {
+        e = path.join(this.root, e)
+      }
+      this._emitMatch(index, e)
+    }
+    // This was the last one, and no stats were needed
+    return cb()
+  }
+
+  // now test all matched entries as stand-ins for that part
+  // of the pattern.
+  remain.shift()
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+    var e = matchedEntries[i]
+    var newPattern
+    if (prefix) {
+      if (prefix !== '/')
+        e = prefix + '/' + e
+      else
+        e = prefix + e
+    }
+    this._process([e].concat(remain), index, inGlobStar, cb)
+  }
+  cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._emitMatch = function (index, e) {
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  if (this.matches[index][e])
+    return
+
+  if (isIgnored(this, e))
+    return
+
+  if (this.paused) {
+    this._emitQueue.push([index, e])
+    return
+  }
+
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(e)
+
+  if (this.nodir) {
+    var c = this.cache[abs]
+    if (c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c))
+      return
+  }
+
+  if (this.mark)
+    e = this._mark(e)
+
+  this.matches[index][e] = true
+
+  var st = this.statCache[abs]
+  if (st)
+    this.emit('stat', e, st)
+
+  this.emit('match', e)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirInGlobStar = function (abs, cb) {
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  // follow all symlinked directories forever
+  // just proceed as if this is a non-globstar situation
+  if (this.follow)
+    return this._readdir(abs, false, cb)
+
+  var lstatkey = 'lstat\0' + abs
+  var self = this
+  var lstatcb = inflight(lstatkey, lstatcb_)
+
+  if (lstatcb)
+    fs.lstat(abs, lstatcb)
+
+  function lstatcb_ (er, lstat) {
+    if (er)
+      return cb()
+
+    var isSym = lstat.isSymbolicLink()
+    self.symlinks[abs] = isSym
+
+    // If it's not a symlink or a dir, then it's definitely a regular file.
+    // don't bother doing a readdir in that case.
+    if (!isSym && !lstat.isDirectory()) {
+      self.cache[abs] = 'FILE'
+      cb()
+    } else
+      self._readdir(abs, false, cb)
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdir = function (abs, inGlobStar, cb) {
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  cb = inflight('readdir\0'+abs+'\0'+inGlobStar, cb)
+  if (!cb)
+    return
+
+  //console.error('RD %j %j', +inGlobStar, abs)
+  if (inGlobStar && !ownProp(this.symlinks, abs))
+    return this._readdirInGlobStar(abs, cb)
+
+  if (ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+    var c = this.cache[abs]
+    if (!c || c === 'FILE')
+      return cb()
+
+    if (Array.isArray(c))
+      return cb(null, c)
+  }
+
+  var self = this
+  fs.readdir(abs, readdirCb(this, abs, cb))
+}
+
+function readdirCb (self, abs, cb) {
+  return function (er, entries) {
+    if (er)
+      self._readdirError(abs, er, cb)
+    else
+      self._readdirEntries(abs, entries, cb)
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirEntries = function (abs, entries, cb) {
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  // if we haven't asked to stat everything, then just
+  // assume that everything in there exists, so we can avoid
+  // having to stat it a second time.
+  if (!this.mark && !this.stat) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i ++) {
+      var e = entries[i]
+      if (abs === '/')
+        e = abs + e
+      else
+        e = abs + '/' + e
+      this.cache[e] = true
+    }
+  }
+
+  this.cache[abs] = entries
+  return cb(null, entries)
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._readdirError = function (f, er, cb) {
+  if (this.aborted)
+    return
+
+  // handle errors, and cache the information
+  switch (er.code) {
+    case 'ENOTSUP': // https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/205
+    case 'ENOTDIR': // totally normal. means it *does* exist.
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = 'FILE'
+      break
+
+    case 'ENOENT': // not terribly unusual
+    case 'ELOOP':
+    case 'ENAMETOOLONG':
+    case 'UNKNOWN':
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+      break
+
+    default: // some unusual error.  Treat as failure.
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+      if (this.strict) {
+        this.emit('error', er)
+        // If the error is handled, then we abort
+        // if not, we threw out of here
+        this.abort()
+      }
+      if (!this.silent)
+        console.error('glob error', er)
+      break
+  }
+
+  return cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processGlobStar = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, cb) {
+  var self = this
+  this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar, function (er, entries) {
+    self._processGlobStar2(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb)
+  })
+}
+
+
+Glob.prototype._processGlobStar2 = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar, entries, cb) {
+  //console.error('pgs2', prefix, remain[0], entries)
+
+  // no entries means not a dir, so it can never have matches
+  // foo.txt/** doesn't match foo.txt
+  if (!entries)
+    return cb()
+
+  // test without the globstar, and with every child both below
+  // and replacing the globstar.
+  var remainWithoutGlobStar = remain.slice(1)
+  var gspref = prefix ? [ prefix ] : []
+  var noGlobStar = gspref.concat(remainWithoutGlobStar)
+
+  // the noGlobStar pattern exits the inGlobStar state
+  this._process(noGlobStar, index, false, cb)
+
+  var isSym = this.symlinks[abs]
+  var len = entries.length
+
+  // If it's a symlink, and we're in a globstar, then stop
+  if (isSym && inGlobStar)
+    return cb()
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    var e = entries[i]
+    if (e.charAt(0) === '.' && !this.dot)
+      continue
+
+    // these two cases enter the inGlobStar state
+    var instead = gspref.concat(entries[i], remainWithoutGlobStar)
+    this._process(instead, index, true, cb)
+
+    var below = gspref.concat(entries[i], remain)
+    this._process(below, index, true, cb)
+  }
+
+  cb()
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._processSimple = function (prefix, index, cb) {
+  // XXX review this.  Shouldn't it be doing the mounting etc
+  // before doing stat?  kinda weird?
+  var self = this
+  this._stat(prefix, function (er, exists) {
+    self._processSimple2(prefix, index, er, exists, cb)
+  })
+}
+Glob.prototype._processSimple2 = function (prefix, index, er, exists, cb) {
+
+  //console.error('ps2', prefix, exists)
+
+  if (!this.matches[index])
+    this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+  // If it doesn't exist, then just mark the lack of results
+  if (!exists)
+    return cb()
+
+  if (prefix && isAbsolute(prefix) && !this.nomount) {
+    var trail = /[\/\\]$/.test(prefix)
+    if (prefix.charAt(0) === '/') {
+      prefix = path.join(this.root, prefix)
+    } else {
+      prefix = path.resolve(this.root, prefix)
+      if (trail)
+        prefix += '/'
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (process.platform === 'win32')
+    prefix = prefix.replace(/\\/g, '/')
+
+  // Mark this as a match
+  this._emitMatch(index, prefix)
+  cb()
+}
+
+// Returns either 'DIR', 'FILE', or false
+Glob.prototype._stat = function (f, cb) {
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(f)
+  var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+  if (f.length > this.maxLength)
+    return cb()
+
+  if (!this.stat && ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+    var c = this.cache[abs]
+
+    if (Array.isArray(c))
+      c = 'DIR'
+
+    // It exists, but maybe not how we need it
+    if (!needDir || c === 'DIR')
+      return cb(null, c)
+
+    if (needDir && c === 'FILE')
+      return cb()
+
+    // otherwise we have to stat, because maybe c=true
+    // if we know it exists, but not what it is.
+  }
+
+  var exists
+  var stat = this.statCache[abs]
+  if (stat !== undefined) {
+    if (stat === false)
+      return cb(null, stat)
+    else {
+      var type = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+      if (needDir && type === 'FILE')
+        return cb()
+      else
+        return cb(null, type, stat)
+    }
+  }
+
+  var self = this
+  var statcb = inflight('stat\0' + abs, lstatcb_)
+  if (statcb)
+    fs.lstat(abs, statcb)
+
+  function lstatcb_ (er, lstat) {
+    if (lstat && lstat.isSymbolicLink()) {
+      // If it's a symlink, then treat it as the target, unless
+      // the target does not exist, then treat it as a file.
+      return fs.stat(abs, function (er, stat) {
+        if (er)
+          self._stat2(f, abs, null, lstat, cb)
+        else
+          self._stat2(f, abs, er, stat, cb)
+      })
+    } else {
+      self._stat2(f, abs, er, lstat, cb)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+Glob.prototype._stat2 = function (f, abs, er, stat, cb) {
+  if (er) {
+    this.statCache[abs] = false
+    return cb()
+  }
+
+  var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+  this.statCache[abs] = stat
+
+  if (abs.slice(-1) === '/' && !stat.isDirectory())
+    return cb(null, false, stat)
+
+  var c = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+  this.cache[abs] = this.cache[abs] || c
+
+  if (needDir && c !== 'DIR')
+    return cb()
+
+  return cb(null, c, stat)
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./common.js":15,"./sync.js":17,"_process":24,"assert":9,"events":14,"fs":12,"inflight":18,"inherits":19,"minimatch":20,"once":21,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23,"util":28}],17:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+module.exports = globSync
+globSync.GlobSync = GlobSync
+
+var fs = require('fs')
+var minimatch = require('minimatch')
+var Minimatch = minimatch.Minimatch
+var Glob = require('./glob.js').Glob
+var util = require('util')
+var path = require('path')
+var assert = require('assert')
+var isAbsolute = require('path-is-absolute')
+var common = require('./common.js')
+var alphasort = common.alphasort
+var alphasorti = common.alphasorti
+var setopts = common.setopts
+var ownProp = common.ownProp
+var childrenIgnored = common.childrenIgnored
+
+function globSync (pattern, options) {
+  if (typeof options === 'function' || arguments.length === 3)
+    throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob\n'+
+                        'See: https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/167')
+
+  return new GlobSync(pattern, options).found
+}
+
+function GlobSync (pattern, options) {
+  if (!pattern)
+    throw new Error('must provide pattern')
+
+  if (typeof options === 'function' || arguments.length === 3)
+    throw new TypeError('callback provided to sync glob\n'+
+                        'See: https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/167')
+
+  if (!(this instanceof GlobSync))
+    return new GlobSync(pattern, options)
+
+  setopts(this, pattern, options)
+
+  if (this.noprocess)
+    return this
+
+  var n = this.minimatch.set.length
+  this.matches = new Array(n)
+  for (var i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
+    this._process(this.minimatch.set[i], i, false)
+  }
+  this._finish()
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._finish = function () {
+  assert(this instanceof GlobSync)
+  if (this.realpath) {
+    var self = this
+    this.matches.forEach(function (matchset, index) {
+      var set = self.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+      for (var p in matchset) {
+        try {
+          p = self._makeAbs(p)
+          var real = fs.realpathSync(p, self.realpathCache)
+          set[real] = true
+        } catch (er) {
+          if (er.syscall === 'stat')
+            set[self._makeAbs(p)] = true
+          else
+            throw er
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  }
+  common.finish(this)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._process = function (pattern, index, inGlobStar) {
+  assert(this instanceof GlobSync)
+
+  // Get the first [n] parts of pattern that are all strings.
+  var n = 0
+  while (typeof pattern[n] === 'string') {
+    n ++
+  }
+  // now n is the index of the first one that is *not* a string.
+
+  // See if there's anything else
+  var prefix
+  switch (n) {
+    // if not, then this is rather simple
+    case pattern.length:
+      this._processSimple(pattern.join('/'), index)
+      return
+
+    case 0:
+      // pattern *starts* with some non-trivial item.
+      // going to readdir(cwd), but not include the prefix in matches.
+      prefix = null
+      break
+
+    default:
+      // pattern has some string bits in the front.
+      // whatever it starts with, whether that's 'absolute' like /foo/bar,
+      // or 'relative' like '../baz'
+      prefix = pattern.slice(0, n).join('/')
+      break
+  }
+
+  var remain = pattern.slice(n)
+
+  // get the list of entries.
+  var read
+  if (prefix === null)
+    read = '.'
+  else if (isAbsolute(prefix) || isAbsolute(pattern.join('/'))) {
+    if (!prefix || !isAbsolute(prefix))
+      prefix = '/' + prefix
+    read = prefix
+  } else
+    read = prefix
+
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(read)
+
+  //if ignored, skip processing
+  if (childrenIgnored(this, read))
+    return
+
+  var isGlobStar = remain[0] === minimatch.GLOBSTAR
+  if (isGlobStar)
+    this._processGlobStar(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar)
+  else
+    this._processReaddir(prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processReaddir = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar) {
+  var entries = this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar)
+
+  // if the abs isn't a dir, then nothing can match!
+  if (!entries)
+    return
+
+  // It will only match dot entries if it starts with a dot, or if
+  // dot is set.  Stuff like @(.foo|.bar) isn't allowed.
+  var pn = remain[0]
+  var negate = !!this.minimatch.negate
+  var rawGlob = pn._glob
+  var dotOk = this.dot || rawGlob.charAt(0) === '.'
+
+  var matchedEntries = []
+  for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
+    var e = entries[i]
+    if (e.charAt(0) !== '.' || dotOk) {
+      var m
+      if (negate && !prefix) {
+        m = !e.match(pn)
+      } else {
+        m = e.match(pn)
+      }
+      if (m)
+        matchedEntries.push(e)
+    }
+  }
+
+  var len = matchedEntries.length
+  // If there are no matched entries, then nothing matches.
+  if (len === 0)
+    return
+
+  // if this is the last remaining pattern bit, then no need for
+  // an additional stat *unless* the user has specified mark or
+  // stat explicitly.  We know they exist, since readdir returned
+  // them.
+
+  if (remain.length === 1 && !this.mark && !this.stat) {
+    if (!this.matches[index])
+      this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+      var e = matchedEntries[i]
+      if (prefix) {
+        if (prefix.slice(-1) !== '/')
+          e = prefix + '/' + e
+        else
+          e = prefix + e
+      }
+
+      if (e.charAt(0) === '/' && !this.nomount) {
+        e = path.join(this.root, e)
+      }
+      this.matches[index][e] = true
+    }
+    // This was the last one, and no stats were needed
+    return
+  }
+
+  // now test all matched entries as stand-ins for that part
+  // of the pattern.
+  remain.shift()
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i ++) {
+    var e = matchedEntries[i]
+    var newPattern
+    if (prefix)
+      newPattern = [prefix, e]
+    else
+      newPattern = [e]
+    this._process(newPattern.concat(remain), index, inGlobStar)
+  }
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._emitMatch = function (index, e) {
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(e)
+  if (this.mark)
+    e = this._mark(e)
+
+  if (this.matches[index][e])
+    return
+
+  if (this.nodir) {
+    var c = this.cache[this._makeAbs(e)]
+    if (c === 'DIR' || Array.isArray(c))
+      return
+  }
+
+  this.matches[index][e] = true
+  if (this.stat)
+    this._stat(e)
+}
+
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirInGlobStar = function (abs) {
+  // follow all symlinked directories forever
+  // just proceed as if this is a non-globstar situation
+  if (this.follow)
+    return this._readdir(abs, false)
+
+  var entries
+  var lstat
+  var stat
+  try {
+    lstat = fs.lstatSync(abs)
+  } catch (er) {
+    // lstat failed, doesn't exist
+    return null
+  }
+
+  var isSym = lstat.isSymbolicLink()
+  this.symlinks[abs] = isSym
+
+  // If it's not a symlink or a dir, then it's definitely a regular file.
+  // don't bother doing a readdir in that case.
+  if (!isSym && !lstat.isDirectory())
+    this.cache[abs] = 'FILE'
+  else
+    entries = this._readdir(abs, false)
+
+  return entries
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdir = function (abs, inGlobStar) {
+  var entries
+
+  if (inGlobStar && !ownProp(this.symlinks, abs))
+    return this._readdirInGlobStar(abs)
+
+  if (ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+    var c = this.cache[abs]
+    if (!c || c === 'FILE')
+      return null
+
+    if (Array.isArray(c))
+      return c
+  }
+
+  try {
+    return this._readdirEntries(abs, fs.readdirSync(abs))
+  } catch (er) {
+    this._readdirError(abs, er)
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirEntries = function (abs, entries) {
+  // if we haven't asked to stat everything, then just
+  // assume that everything in there exists, so we can avoid
+  // having to stat it a second time.
+  if (!this.mark && !this.stat) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < entries.length; i ++) {
+      var e = entries[i]
+      if (abs === '/')
+        e = abs + e
+      else
+        e = abs + '/' + e
+      this.cache[e] = true
+    }
+  }
+
+  this.cache[abs] = entries
+
+  // mark and cache dir-ness
+  return entries
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._readdirError = function (f, er) {
+  // handle errors, and cache the information
+  switch (er.code) {
+    case 'ENOTSUP': // https://github.com/isaacs/node-glob/issues/205
+    case 'ENOTDIR': // totally normal. means it *does* exist.
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = 'FILE'
+      break
+
+    case 'ENOENT': // not terribly unusual
+    case 'ELOOP':
+    case 'ENAMETOOLONG':
+    case 'UNKNOWN':
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+      break
+
+    default: // some unusual error.  Treat as failure.
+      this.cache[this._makeAbs(f)] = false
+      if (this.strict)
+        throw er
+      if (!this.silent)
+        console.error('glob error', er)
+      break
+  }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processGlobStar = function (prefix, read, abs, remain, index, inGlobStar) {
+
+  var entries = this._readdir(abs, inGlobStar)
+
+  // no entries means not a dir, so it can never have matches
+  // foo.txt/** doesn't match foo.txt
+  if (!entries)
+    return
+
+  // test without the globstar, and with every child both below
+  // and replacing the globstar.
+  var remainWithoutGlobStar = remain.slice(1)
+  var gspref = prefix ? [ prefix ] : []
+  var noGlobStar = gspref.concat(remainWithoutGlobStar)
+
+  // the noGlobStar pattern exits the inGlobStar state
+  this._process(noGlobStar, index, false)
+
+  var len = entries.length
+  var isSym = this.symlinks[abs]
+
+  // If it's a symlink, and we're in a globstar, then stop
+  if (isSym && inGlobStar)
+    return
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+    var e = entries[i]
+    if (e.charAt(0) === '.' && !this.dot)
+      continue
+
+    // these two cases enter the inGlobStar state
+    var instead = gspref.concat(entries[i], remainWithoutGlobStar)
+    this._process(instead, index, true)
+
+    var below = gspref.concat(entries[i], remain)
+    this._process(below, index, true)
+  }
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._processSimple = function (prefix, index) {
+  // XXX review this.  Shouldn't it be doing the mounting etc
+  // before doing stat?  kinda weird?
+  var exists = this._stat(prefix)
+
+  if (!this.matches[index])
+    this.matches[index] = Object.create(null)
+
+  // If it doesn't exist, then just mark the lack of results
+  if (!exists)
+    return
+
+  if (prefix && isAbsolute(prefix) && !this.nomount) {
+    var trail = /[\/\\]$/.test(prefix)
+    if (prefix.charAt(0) === '/') {
+      prefix = path.join(this.root, prefix)
+    } else {
+      prefix = path.resolve(this.root, prefix)
+      if (trail)
+        prefix += '/'
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (process.platform === 'win32')
+    prefix = prefix.replace(/\\/g, '/')
+
+  // Mark this as a match
+  this.matches[index][prefix] = true
+}
+
+// Returns either 'DIR', 'FILE', or false
+GlobSync.prototype._stat = function (f) {
+  var abs = this._makeAbs(f)
+  var needDir = f.slice(-1) === '/'
+
+  if (f.length > this.maxLength)
+    return false
+
+  if (!this.stat && ownProp(this.cache, abs)) {
+    var c = this.cache[abs]
+
+    if (Array.isArray(c))
+      c = 'DIR'
+
+    // It exists, but maybe not how we need it
+    if (!needDir || c === 'DIR')
+      return c
+
+    if (needDir && c === 'FILE')
+      return false
+
+    // otherwise we have to stat, because maybe c=true
+    // if we know it exists, but not what it is.
+  }
+
+  var exists
+  var stat = this.statCache[abs]
+  if (!stat) {
+    var lstat
+    try {
+      lstat = fs.lstatSync(abs)
+    } catch (er) {
+      return false
+    }
+
+    if (lstat.isSymbolicLink()) {
+      try {
+        stat = fs.statSync(abs)
+      } catch (er) {
+        stat = lstat
+      }
+    } else {
+      stat = lstat
+    }
+  }
+
+  this.statCache[abs] = stat
+
+  var c = stat.isDirectory() ? 'DIR' : 'FILE'
+  this.cache[abs] = this.cache[abs] || c
+
+  if (needDir && c !== 'DIR')
+    return false
+
+  return c
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._mark = function (p) {
+  return common.mark(this, p)
+}
+
+GlobSync.prototype._makeAbs = function (f) {
+  return common.makeAbs(this, f)
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"./common.js":15,"./glob.js":16,"_process":24,"assert":9,"fs":12,"minimatch":20,"path":22,"path-is-absolute":23,"util":28}],18:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+var wrappy = require('wrappy')
+var reqs = Object.create(null)
+var once = require('once')
+
+module.exports = wrappy(inflight)
+
+function inflight (key, cb) {
+  if (reqs[key]) {
+    reqs[key].push(cb)
+    return null
+  } else {
+    reqs[key] = [cb]
+    return makeres(key)
+  }
+}
+
+function makeres (key) {
+  return once(function RES () {
+    var cbs = reqs[key]
+    var len = cbs.length
+    var args = slice(arguments)
+
+    // XXX It's somewhat ambiguous whether a new callback added in this
+    // pass should be queued for later execution if something in the
+    // list of callbacks throws, or if it should just be discarded.
+    // However, it's such an edge case that it hardly matters, and either
+    // choice is likely as surprising as the other.
+    // As it happens, we do go ahead and schedule it for later execution.
+    try {
+      for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        cbs[i].apply(null, args)
+      }
+    } finally {
+      if (cbs.length > len) {
+        // added more in the interim.
+        // de-zalgo, just in case, but don't call again.
+        cbs.splice(0, len)
+        process.nextTick(function () {
+          RES.apply(null, args)
+        })
+      } else {
+        delete reqs[key]
+      }
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+function slice (args) {
+  var length = args.length
+  var array = []
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) array[i] = args[i]
+  return array
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24,"once":21,"wrappy":29}],19:[function(require,module,exports){
+if (typeof Object.create === 'function') {
+  // implementation from standard node.js 'util' module
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    ctor.prototype = Object.create(superCtor.prototype, {
+      constructor: {
+        value: ctor,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true,
+        configurable: true
+      }
+    });
+  };
+} else {
+  // old school shim for old browsers
+  module.exports = function inherits(ctor, superCtor) {
+    ctor.super_ = superCtor
+    var TempCtor = function () {}
+    TempCtor.prototype = superCtor.prototype
+    ctor.prototype = new TempCtor()
+    ctor.prototype.constructor = ctor
+  }
+}
+
+},{}],20:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = minimatch
+minimatch.Minimatch = Minimatch
+
+var path = { sep: '/' }
+try {
+  path = require('path')
+} catch (er) {}
+
+var GLOBSTAR = minimatch.GLOBSTAR = Minimatch.GLOBSTAR = {}
+var expand = require('brace-expansion')
+
+var plTypes = {
+  '!': { open: '(?:(?!(?:', close: '))[^/]*?)'},
+  '?': { open: '(?:', close: ')?' },
+  '+': { open: '(?:', close: ')+' },
+  '*': { open: '(?:', close: ')*' },
+  '@': { open: '(?:', close: ')' }
+}
+
+// any single thing other than /
+// don't need to escape / when using new RegExp()
+var qmark = '[^/]'
+
+// * => any number of characters
+var star = qmark + '*?'
+
+// ** when dots are allowed.  Anything goes, except .. and .
+// not (^ or / followed by one or two dots followed by $ or /),
+// followed by anything, any number of times.
+var twoStarDot = '(?:(?!(?:\\\/|^)(?:\\.{1,2})($|\\\/)).)*?'
+
+// not a ^ or / followed by a dot,
+// followed by anything, any number of times.
+var twoStarNoDot = '(?:(?!(?:\\\/|^)\\.).)*?'
+
+// characters that need to be escaped in RegExp.
+var reSpecials = charSet('().*{}+?[]^$\\!')
+
+// "abc" -> { a:true, b:true, c:true }
+function charSet (s) {
+  return s.split('').reduce(function (set, c) {
+    set[c] = true
+    return set
+  }, {})
+}
+
+// normalizes slashes.
+var slashSplit = /\/+/
+
+minimatch.filter = filter
+function filter (pattern, options) {
+  options = options || {}
+  return function (p, i, list) {
+    return minimatch(p, pattern, options)
+  }
+}
+
+function ext (a, b) {
+  a = a || {}
+  b = b || {}
+  var t = {}
+  Object.keys(b).forEach(function (k) {
+    t[k] = b[k]
+  })
+  Object.keys(a).forEach(function (k) {
+    t[k] = a[k]
+  })
+  return t
+}
+
+minimatch.defaults = function (def) {
+  if (!def || !Object.keys(def).length) return minimatch
+
+  var orig = minimatch
+
+  var m = function minimatch (p, pattern, options) {
+    return orig.minimatch(p, pattern, ext(def, options))
+  }
+
+  m.Minimatch = function Minimatch (pattern, options) {
+    return new orig.Minimatch(pattern, ext(def, options))
+  }
+
+  return m
+}
+
+Minimatch.defaults = function (def) {
+  if (!def || !Object.keys(def).length) return Minimatch
+  return minimatch.defaults(def).Minimatch
+}
+
+function minimatch (p, pattern, options) {
+  if (typeof pattern !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('glob pattern string required')
+  }
+
+  if (!options) options = {}
+
+  // shortcut: comments match nothing.
+  if (!options.nocomment && pattern.charAt(0) === '#') {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  // "" only matches ""
+  if (pattern.trim() === '') return p === ''
+
+  return new Minimatch(pattern, options).match(p)
+}
+
+function Minimatch (pattern, options) {
+  if (!(this instanceof Minimatch)) {
+    return new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+  }
+
+  if (typeof pattern !== 'string') {
+    throw new TypeError('glob pattern string required')
+  }
+
+  if (!options) options = {}
+  pattern = pattern.trim()
+
+  // windows support: need to use /, not \
+  if (path.sep !== '/') {
+    pattern = pattern.split(path.sep).join('/')
+  }
+
+  this.options = options
+  this.set = []
+  this.pattern = pattern
+  this.regexp = null
+  this.negate = false
+  this.comment = false
+  this.empty = false
+
+  // make the set of regexps etc.
+  this.make()
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.debug = function () {}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.make = make
+function make () {
+  // don't do it more than once.
+  if (this._made) return
+
+  var pattern = this.pattern
+  var options = this.options
+
+  // empty patterns and comments match nothing.
+  if (!options.nocomment && pattern.charAt(0) === '#') {
+    this.comment = true
+    return
+  }
+  if (!pattern) {
+    this.empty = true
+    return
+  }
+
+  // step 1: figure out negation, etc.
+  this.parseNegate()
+
+  // step 2: expand braces
+  var set = this.globSet = this.braceExpand()
+
+  if (options.debug) this.debug = console.error
+
+  this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+  // step 3: now we have a set, so turn each one into a series of path-portion
+  // matching patterns.
+  // These will be regexps, except in the case of "**", which is
+  // set to the GLOBSTAR object for globstar behavior,
+  // and will not contain any / characters
+  set = this.globParts = set.map(function (s) {
+    return s.split(slashSplit)
+  })
+
+  this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+  // glob --> regexps
+  set = set.map(function (s, si, set) {
+    return s.map(this.parse, this)
+  }, this)
+
+  this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+  // filter out everything that didn't compile properly.
+  set = set.filter(function (s) {
+    return s.indexOf(false) === -1
+  })
+
+  this.debug(this.pattern, set)
+
+  this.set = set
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.parseNegate = parseNegate
+function parseNegate () {
+  var pattern = this.pattern
+  var negate = false
+  var options = this.options
+  var negateOffset = 0
+
+  if (options.nonegate) return
+
+  for (var i = 0, l = pattern.length
+    ; i < l && pattern.charAt(i) === '!'
+    ; i++) {
+    negate = !negate
+    negateOffset++
+  }
+
+  if (negateOffset) this.pattern = pattern.substr(negateOffset)
+  this.negate = negate
+}
+
+// Brace expansion:
+// a{b,c}d -> abd acd
+// a{b,}c -> abc ac
+// a{0..3}d -> a0d a1d a2d a3d
+// a{b,c{d,e}f}g -> abg acdfg acefg
+// a{b,c}d{e,f}g -> abdeg acdeg abdeg abdfg
+//
+// Invalid sets are not expanded.
+// a{2..}b -> a{2..}b
+// a{b}c -> a{b}c
+minimatch.braceExpand = function (pattern, options) {
+  return braceExpand(pattern, options)
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.braceExpand = braceExpand
+
+function braceExpand (pattern, options) {
+  if (!options) {
+    if (this instanceof Minimatch) {
+      options = this.options
+    } else {
+      options = {}
+    }
+  }
+
+  pattern = typeof pattern === 'undefined'
+    ? this.pattern : pattern
+
+  if (typeof pattern === 'undefined') {
+    throw new TypeError('undefined pattern')
+  }
+
+  if (options.nobrace ||
+    !pattern.match(/\{.*\}/)) {
+    // shortcut. no need to expand.
+    return [pattern]
+  }
+
+  return expand(pattern)
+}
+
+// parse a component of the expanded set.
+// At this point, no pattern may contain "/" in it
+// so we're going to return a 2d array, where each entry is the full
+// pattern, split on '/', and then turned into a regular expression.
+// A regexp is made at the end which joins each array with an
+// escaped /, and another full one which joins each regexp with |.
+//
+// Following the lead of Bash 4.1, note that "**" only has special meaning
+// when it is the *only* thing in a path portion.  Otherwise, any series
+// of * is equivalent to a single *.  Globstar behavior is enabled by
+// default, and can be disabled by setting options.noglobstar.
+Minimatch.prototype.parse = parse
+var SUBPARSE = {}
+function parse (pattern, isSub) {
+  if (pattern.length > 1024 * 64) {
+    throw new TypeError('pattern is too long')
+  }
+
+  var options = this.options
+
+  // shortcuts
+  if (!options.noglobstar && pattern === '**') return GLOBSTAR
+  if (pattern === '') return ''
+
+  var re = ''
+  var hasMagic = !!options.nocase
+  var escaping = false
+  // ? => one single character
+  var patternListStack = []
+  var negativeLists = []
+  var stateChar
+  var inClass = false
+  var reClassStart = -1
+  var classStart = -1
+  // . and .. never match anything that doesn't start with .,
+  // even when options.dot is set.
+  var patternStart = pattern.charAt(0) === '.' ? '' // anything
+  // not (start or / followed by . or .. followed by / or end)
+  : options.dot ? '(?!(?:^|\\\/)\\.{1,2}(?:$|\\\/))'
+  : '(?!\\.)'
+  var self = this
+
+  function clearStateChar () {
+    if (stateChar) {
+      // we had some state-tracking character
+      // that wasn't consumed by this pass.
+      switch (stateChar) {
+        case '*':
+          re += star
+          hasMagic = true
+        break
+        case '?':
+          re += qmark
+          hasMagic = true
+        break
+        default:
+          re += '\\' + stateChar
+        break
+      }
+      self.debug('clearStateChar %j %j', stateChar, re)
+      stateChar = false
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (var i = 0, len = pattern.length, c
+    ; (i < len) && (c = pattern.charAt(i))
+    ; i++) {
+    this.debug('%s\t%s %s %j', pattern, i, re, c)
+
+    // skip over any that are escaped.
+    if (escaping && reSpecials[c]) {
+      re += '\\' + c
+      escaping = false
+      continue
+    }
+
+    switch (c) {
+      case '/':
+        // completely not allowed, even escaped.
+        // Should already be path-split by now.
+        return false
+
+      case '\\':
+        clearStateChar()
+        escaping = true
+      continue
+
+      // the various stateChar values
+      // for the "extglob" stuff.
+      case '?':
+      case '*':
+      case '+':
+      case '@':
+      case '!':
+        this.debug('%s\t%s %s %j <-- stateChar', pattern, i, re, c)
+
+        // all of those are literals inside a class, except that
+        // the glob [!a] means [^a] in regexp
+        if (inClass) {
+          this.debug('  in class')
+          if (c === '!' && i === classStart + 1) c = '^'
+          re += c
+          continue
+        }
+
+        // if we already have a stateChar, then it means
+        // that there was something like ** or +? in there.
+        // Handle the stateChar, then proceed with this one.
+        self.debug('call clearStateChar %j', stateChar)
+        clearStateChar()
+        stateChar = c
+        // if extglob is disabled, then +(asdf|foo) isn't a thing.
+        // just clear the statechar *now*, rather than even diving into
+        // the patternList stuff.
+        if (options.noext) clearStateChar()
+      continue
+
+      case '(':
+        if (inClass) {
+          re += '('
+          continue
+        }
+
+        if (!stateChar) {
+          re += '\\('
+          continue
+        }
+
+        patternListStack.push({
+          type: stateChar,
+          start: i - 1,
+          reStart: re.length,
+          open: plTypes[stateChar].open,
+          close: plTypes[stateChar].close
+        })
+        // negation is (?:(?!js)[^/]*)
+        re += stateChar === '!' ? '(?:(?!(?:' : '(?:'
+        this.debug('plType %j %j', stateChar, re)
+        stateChar = false
+      continue
+
+      case ')':
+        if (inClass || !patternListStack.length) {
+          re += '\\)'
+          continue
+        }
+
+        clearStateChar()
+        hasMagic = true
+        var pl = patternListStack.pop()
+        // negation is (?:(?!js)[^/]*)
+        // The others are (?:<pattern>)<type>
+        re += pl.close
+        if (pl.type === '!') {
+          negativeLists.push(pl)
+        }
+        pl.reEnd = re.length
+      continue
+
+      case '|':
+        if (inClass || !patternListStack.length || escaping) {
+          re += '\\|'
+          escaping = false
+          continue
+        }
+
+        clearStateChar()
+        re += '|'
+      continue
+
+      // these are mostly the same in regexp and glob
+      case '[':
+        // swallow any state-tracking char before the [
+        clearStateChar()
+
+        if (inClass) {
+          re += '\\' + c
+          continue
+        }
+
+        inClass = true
+        classStart = i
+        reClassStart = re.length
+        re += c
+      continue
+
+      case ']':
+        //  a right bracket shall lose its special
+        //  meaning and represent itself in
+        //  a bracket expression if it occurs
+        //  first in the list.  -- POSIX.2 2.8.3.2
+        if (i === classStart + 1 || !inClass) {
+          re += '\\' + c
+          escaping = false
+          continue
+        }
+
+        // handle the case where we left a class open.
+        // "[z-a]" is valid, equivalent to "\[z-a\]"
+        if (inClass) {
+          // split where the last [ was, make sure we don't have
+          // an invalid re. if so, re-walk the contents of the
+          // would-be class to re-translate any characters that
+          // were passed through as-is
+          // TODO: It would probably be faster to determine this
+          // without a try/catch and a new RegExp, but it's tricky
+          // to do safely.  For now, this is safe and works.
+          var cs = pattern.substring(classStart + 1, i)
+          try {
+            RegExp('[' + cs + ']')
+          } catch (er) {
+            // not a valid class!
+            var sp = this.parse(cs, SUBPARSE)
+            re = re.substr(0, reClassStart) + '\\[' + sp[0] + '\\]'
+            hasMagic = hasMagic || sp[1]
+            inClass = false
+            continue
+          }
+        }
+
+        // finish up the class.
+        hasMagic = true
+        inClass = false
+        re += c
+      continue
+
+      default:
+        // swallow any state char that wasn't consumed
+        clearStateChar()
+
+        if (escaping) {
+          // no need
+          escaping = false
+        } else if (reSpecials[c]
+          && !(c === '^' && inClass)) {
+          re += '\\'
+        }
+
+        re += c
+
+    } // switch
+  } // for
+
+  // handle the case where we left a class open.
+  // "[abc" is valid, equivalent to "\[abc"
+  if (inClass) {
+    // split where the last [ was, and escape it
+    // this is a huge pita.  We now have to re-walk
+    // the contents of the would-be class to re-translate
+    // any characters that were passed through as-is
+    cs = pattern.substr(classStart + 1)
+    sp = this.parse(cs, SUBPARSE)
+    re = re.substr(0, reClassStart) + '\\[' + sp[0]
+    hasMagic = hasMagic || sp[1]
+  }
+
+  // handle the case where we had a +( thing at the *end*
+  // of the pattern.
+  // each pattern list stack adds 3 chars, and we need to go through
+  // and escape any | chars that were passed through as-is for the regexp.
+  // Go through and escape them, taking care not to double-escape any
+  // | chars that were already escaped.
+  for (pl = patternListStack.pop(); pl; pl = patternListStack.pop()) {
+    var tail = re.slice(pl.reStart + pl.open.length)
+    this.debug('setting tail', re, pl)
+    // maybe some even number of \, then maybe 1 \, followed by a |
+    tail = tail.replace(/((?:\\{2}){0,64})(\\?)\|/g, function (_, $1, $2) {
+      if (!$2) {
+        // the | isn't already escaped, so escape it.
+        $2 = '\\'
+      }
+
+      // need to escape all those slashes *again*, without escaping the
+      // one that we need for escaping the | character.  As it works out,
+      // escaping an even number of slashes can be done by simply repeating
+      // it exactly after itself.  That's why this trick works.
+      //
+      // I am sorry that you have to see this.
+      return $1 + $1 + $2 + '|'
+    })
+
+    this.debug('tail=%j\n   %s', tail, tail, pl, re)
+    var t = pl.type === '*' ? star
+      : pl.type === '?' ? qmark
+      : '\\' + pl.type
+
+    hasMagic = true
+    re = re.slice(0, pl.reStart) + t + '\\(' + tail
+  }
+
+  // handle trailing things that only matter at the very end.
+  clearStateChar()
+  if (escaping) {
+    // trailing \\
+    re += '\\\\'
+  }
+
+  // only need to apply the nodot start if the re starts with
+  // something that could conceivably capture a dot
+  var addPatternStart = false
+  switch (re.charAt(0)) {
+    case '.':
+    case '[':
+    case '(': addPatternStart = true
+  }
+
+  // Hack to work around lack of negative lookbehind in JS
+  // A pattern like: *.!(x).!(y|z) needs to ensure that a name
+  // like 'a.xyz.yz' doesn't match.  So, the first negative
+  // lookahead, has to look ALL the way ahead, to the end of
+  // the pattern.
+  for (var n = negativeLists.length - 1; n > -1; n--) {
+    var nl = negativeLists[n]
+
+    var nlBefore = re.slice(0, nl.reStart)
+    var nlFirst = re.slice(nl.reStart, nl.reEnd - 8)
+    var nlLast = re.slice(nl.reEnd - 8, nl.reEnd)
+    var nlAfter = re.slice(nl.reEnd)
+
+    nlLast += nlAfter
+
+    // Handle nested stuff like *(*.js|!(*.json)), where open parens
+    // mean that we should *not* include the ) in the bit that is considered
+    // "after" the negated section.
+    var openParensBefore = nlBefore.split('(').length - 1
+    var cleanAfter = nlAfter
+    for (i = 0; i < openParensBefore; i++) {
+      cleanAfter = cleanAfter.replace(/\)[+*?]?/, '')
+    }
+    nlAfter = cleanAfter
+
+    var dollar = ''
+    if (nlAfter === '' && isSub !== SUBPARSE) {
+      dollar = '$'
+    }
+    var newRe = nlBefore + nlFirst + nlAfter + dollar + nlLast
+    re = newRe
+  }
+
+  // if the re is not "" at this point, then we need to make sure
+  // it doesn't match against an empty path part.
+  // Otherwise a/* will match a/, which it should not.
+  if (re !== '' && hasMagic) {
+    re = '(?=.)' + re
+  }
+
+  if (addPatternStart) {
+    re = patternStart + re
+  }
+
+  // parsing just a piece of a larger pattern.
+  if (isSub === SUBPARSE) {
+    return [re, hasMagic]
+  }
+
+  // skip the regexp for non-magical patterns
+  // unescape anything in it, though, so that it'll be
+  // an exact match against a file etc.
+  if (!hasMagic) {
+    return globUnescape(pattern)
+  }
+
+  var flags = options.nocase ? 'i' : ''
+  try {
+    var regExp = new RegExp('^' + re + '$', flags)
+  } catch (er) {
+    // If it was an invalid regular expression, then it can't match
+    // anything.  This trick looks for a character after the end of
+    // the string, which is of course impossible, except in multi-line
+    // mode, but it's not a /m regex.
+    return new RegExp('$.')
+  }
+
+  regExp._glob = pattern
+  regExp._src = re
+
+  return regExp
+}
+
+minimatch.makeRe = function (pattern, options) {
+  return new Minimatch(pattern, options || {}).makeRe()
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.makeRe = makeRe
+function makeRe () {
+  if (this.regexp || this.regexp === false) return this.regexp
+
+  // at this point, this.set is a 2d array of partial
+  // pattern strings, or "**".
+  //
+  // It's better to use .match().  This function shouldn't
+  // be used, really, but it's pretty convenient sometimes,
+  // when you just want to work with a regex.
+  var set = this.set
+
+  if (!set.length) {
+    this.regexp = false
+    return this.regexp
+  }
+  var options = this.options
+
+  var twoStar = options.noglobstar ? star
+    : options.dot ? twoStarDot
+    : twoStarNoDot
+  var flags = options.nocase ? 'i' : ''
+
+  var re = set.map(function (pattern) {
+    return pattern.map(function (p) {
+      return (p === GLOBSTAR) ? twoStar
+      : (typeof p === 'string') ? regExpEscape(p)
+      : p._src
+    }).join('\\\/')
+  }).join('|')
+
+  // must match entire pattern
+  // ending in a * or ** will make it less strict.
+  re = '^(?:' + re + ')$'
+
+  // can match anything, as long as it's not this.
+  if (this.negate) re = '^(?!' + re + ').*$'
+
+  try {
+    this.regexp = new RegExp(re, flags)
+  } catch (ex) {
+    this.regexp = false
+  }
+  return this.regexp
+}
+
+minimatch.match = function (list, pattern, options) {
+  options = options || {}
+  var mm = new Minimatch(pattern, options)
+  list = list.filter(function (f) {
+    return mm.match(f)
+  })
+  if (mm.options.nonull && !list.length) {
+    list.push(pattern)
+  }
+  return list
+}
+
+Minimatch.prototype.match = match
+function match (f, partial) {
+  this.debug('match', f, this.pattern)
+  // short-circuit in the case of busted things.
+  // comments, etc.
+  if (this.comment) return false
+  if (this.empty) return f === ''
+
+  if (f === '/' && partial) return true
+
+  var options = this.options
+
+  // windows: need to use /, not \
+  if (path.sep !== '/') {
+    f = f.split(path.sep).join('/')
+  }
+
+  // treat the test path as a set of pathparts.
+  f = f.split(slashSplit)
+  this.debug(this.pattern, 'split', f)
+
+  // just ONE of the pattern sets in this.set needs to match
+  // in order for it to be valid.  If negating, then just one
+  // match means that we have failed.
+  // Either way, return on the first hit.
+
+  var set = this.set
+  this.debug(this.pattern, 'set', set)
+
+  // Find the basename of the path by looking for the last non-empty segment
+  var filename
+  var i
+  for (i = f.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    filename = f[i]
+    if (filename) break
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < set.length; i++) {
+    var pattern = set[i]
+    var file = f
+    if (options.matchBase && pattern.length === 1) {
+      file = [filename]
+    }
+    var hit = this.matchOne(file, pattern, partial)
+    if (hit) {
+      if (options.flipNegate) return true
+      return !this.negate
+    }
+  }
+
+  // didn't get any hits.  this is success if it's a negative
+  // pattern, failure otherwise.
+  if (options.flipNegate) return false
+  return this.negate
+}
+
+// set partial to true to test if, for example,
+// "/a/b" matches the start of "/*/b/*/d"
+// Partial means, if you run out of file before you run
+// out of pattern, then that's fine, as long as all
+// the parts match.
+Minimatch.prototype.matchOne = function (file, pattern, partial) {
+  var options = this.options
+
+  this.debug('matchOne',
+    { 'this': this, file: file, pattern: pattern })
+
+  this.debug('matchOne', file.length, pattern.length)
+
+  for (var fi = 0,
+      pi = 0,
+      fl = file.length,
+      pl = pattern.length
+      ; (fi < fl) && (pi < pl)
+      ; fi++, pi++) {
+    this.debug('matchOne loop')
+    var p = pattern[pi]
+    var f = file[fi]
+
+    this.debug(pattern, p, f)
+
+    // should be impossible.
+    // some invalid regexp stuff in the set.
+    if (p === false) return false
+
+    if (p === GLOBSTAR) {
+      this.debug('GLOBSTAR', [pattern, p, f])
+
+      // "**"
+      // a/**/b/**/c would match the following:
+      // a/b/x/y/z/c
+      // a/x/y/z/b/c
+      // a/b/x/b/x/c
+      // a/b/c
+      // To do this, take the rest of the pattern after
+      // the **, and see if it would match the file remainder.
+      // If so, return success.
+      // If not, the ** "swallows" a segment, and try again.
+      // This is recursively awful.
+      //
+      // a/**/b/**/c matching a/b/x/y/z/c
+      // - a matches a
+      // - doublestar
+      //   - matchOne(b/x/y/z/c, b/**/c)
+      //     - b matches b
+      //     - doublestar
+      //       - matchOne(x/y/z/c, c) -> no
+      //       - matchOne(y/z/c, c) -> no
+      //       - matchOne(z/c, c) -> no
+      //       - matchOne(c, c) yes, hit
+      var fr = fi
+      var pr = pi + 1
+      if (pr === pl) {
+        this.debug('** at the end')
+        // a ** at the end will just swallow the rest.
+        // We have found a match.
+        // however, it will not swallow /.x, unless
+        // options.dot is set.
+        // . and .. are *never* matched by **, for explosively
+        // exponential reasons.
+        for (; fi < fl; fi++) {
+          if (file[fi] === '.' || file[fi] === '..' ||
+            (!options.dot && file[fi].charAt(0) === '.')) return false
+        }
+        return true
+      }
+
+      // ok, let's see if we can swallow whatever we can.
+      while (fr < fl) {
+        var swallowee = file[fr]
+
+        this.debug('\nglobstar while', file, fr, pattern, pr, swallowee)
+
+        // XXX remove this slice.  Just pass the start index.
+        if (this.matchOne(file.slice(fr), pattern.slice(pr), partial)) {
+          this.debug('globstar found match!', fr, fl, swallowee)
+          // found a match.
+          return true
+        } else {
+          // can't swallow "." or ".." ever.
+          // can only swallow ".foo" when explicitly asked.
+          if (swallowee === '.' || swallowee === '..' ||
+            (!options.dot && swallowee.charAt(0) === '.')) {
+            this.debug('dot detected!', file, fr, pattern, pr)
+            break
+          }
+
+          // ** swallows a segment, and continue.
+          this.debug('globstar swallow a segment, and continue')
+          fr++
+        }
+      }
+
+      // no match was found.
+      // However, in partial mode, we can't say this is necessarily over.
+      // If there's more *pattern* left, then
+      if (partial) {
+        // ran out of file
+        this.debug('\n>>> no match, partial?', file, fr, pattern, pr)
+        if (fr === fl) return true
+      }
+      return false
+    }
+
+    // something other than **
+    // non-magic patterns just have to match exactly
+    // patterns with magic have been turned into regexps.
+    var hit
+    if (typeof p === 'string') {
+      if (options.nocase) {
+        hit = f.toLowerCase() === p.toLowerCase()
+      } else {
+        hit = f === p
+      }
+      this.debug('string match', p, f, hit)
+    } else {
+      hit = f.match(p)
+      this.debug('pattern match', p, f, hit)
+    }
+
+    if (!hit) return false
+  }
+
+  // Note: ending in / means that we'll get a final ""
+  // at the end of the pattern.  This can only match a
+  // corresponding "" at the end of the file.
+  // If the file ends in /, then it can only match a
+  // a pattern that ends in /, unless the pattern just
+  // doesn't have any more for it. But, a/b/ should *not*
+  // match "a/b/*", even though "" matches against the
+  // [^/]*? pattern, except in partial mode, where it might
+  // simply not be reached yet.
+  // However, a/b/ should still satisfy a/*
+
+  // now either we fell off the end of the pattern, or we're done.
+  if (fi === fl && pi === pl) {
+    // ran out of pattern and filename at the same time.
+    // an exact hit!
+    return true
+  } else if (fi === fl) {
+    // ran out of file, but still had pattern left.
+    // this is ok if we're doing the match as part of
+    // a glob fs traversal.
+    return partial
+  } else if (pi === pl) {
+    // ran out of pattern, still have file left.
+    // this is only acceptable if we're on the very last
+    // empty segment of a file with a trailing slash.
+    // a/* should match a/b/
+    var emptyFileEnd = (fi === fl - 1) && (file[fi] === '')
+    return emptyFileEnd
+  }
+
+  // should be unreachable.
+  throw new Error('wtf?')
+}
+
+// replace stuff like \* with *
+function globUnescape (s) {
+  return s.replace(/\\(.)/g, '$1')
+}
+
+function regExpEscape (s) {
+  return s.replace(/[-[\]{}()*+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g, '\\$&')
+}
+
+},{"brace-expansion":11,"path":22}],21:[function(require,module,exports){
+var wrappy = require('wrappy')
+module.exports = wrappy(once)
+module.exports.strict = wrappy(onceStrict)
+
+once.proto = once(function () {
+  Object.defineProperty(Function.prototype, 'once', {
+    value: function () {
+      return once(this)
+    },
+    configurable: true
+  })
+
+  Object.defineProperty(Function.prototype, 'onceStrict', {
+    value: function () {
+      return onceStrict(this)
+    },
+    configurable: true
+  })
+})
+
+function once (fn) {
+  var f = function () {
+    if (f.called) return f.value
+    f.called = true
+    return f.value = fn.apply(this, arguments)
+  }
+  f.called = false
+  return f
+}
+
+function onceStrict (fn) {
+  var f = function () {
+    if (f.called)
+      throw new Error(f.onceError)
+    f.called = true
+    return f.value = fn.apply(this, arguments)
+  }
+  var name = fn.name || 'Function wrapped with `once`'
+  f.onceError = name + " shouldn't be called more than once"
+  f.called = false
+  return f
+}
+
+},{"wrappy":29}],22:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+// resolves . and .. elements in a path array with directory names there
+// must be no slashes, empty elements, or device names (c:\) in the array
+// (so also no leading and trailing slashes - it does not distinguish
+// relative and absolute paths)
+function normalizeArray(parts, allowAboveRoot) {
+  // if the path tries to go above the root, `up` ends up > 0
+  var up = 0;
+  for (var i = parts.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    var last = parts[i];
+    if (last === '.') {
+      parts.splice(i, 1);
+    } else if (last === '..') {
+      parts.splice(i, 1);
+      up++;
+    } else if (up) {
+      parts.splice(i, 1);
+      up--;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // if the path is allowed to go above the root, restore leading ..s
+  if (allowAboveRoot) {
+    for (; up--; up) {
+      parts.unshift('..');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return parts;
+}
+
+// Split a filename into [root, dir, basename, ext], unix version
+// 'root' is just a slash, or nothing.
+var splitPathRe =
+    /^(\/?|)([\s\S]*?)((?:\.{1,2}|[^\/]+?|)(\.[^.\/]*|))(?:[\/]*)$/;
+var splitPath = function(filename) {
+  return splitPathRe.exec(filename).slice(1);
+};
+
+// path.resolve([from ...], to)
+// posix version
+exports.resolve = function() {
+  var resolvedPath = '',
+      resolvedAbsolute = false;
+
+  for (var i = arguments.length - 1; i >= -1 && !resolvedAbsolute; i--) {
+    var path = (i >= 0) ? arguments[i] : process.cwd();
+
+    // Skip empty and invalid entries
+    if (typeof path !== 'string') {
+      throw new TypeError('Arguments to path.resolve must be strings');
+    } else if (!path) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    resolvedPath = path + '/' + resolvedPath;
+    resolvedAbsolute = path.charAt(0) === '/';
+  }
+
+  // At this point the path should be resolved to a full absolute path, but
+  // handle relative paths to be safe (might happen when process.cwd() fails)
+
+  // Normalize the path
+  resolvedPath = normalizeArray(filter(resolvedPath.split('/'), function(p) {
+    return !!p;
+  }), !resolvedAbsolute).join('/');
+
+  return ((resolvedAbsolute ? '/' : '') + resolvedPath) || '.';
+};
+
+// path.normalize(path)
+// posix version
+exports.normalize = function(path) {
+  var isAbsolute = exports.isAbsolute(path),
+      trailingSlash = substr(path, -1) === '/';
+
+  // Normalize the path
+  path = normalizeArray(filter(path.split('/'), function(p) {
+    return !!p;
+  }), !isAbsolute).join('/');
+
+  if (!path && !isAbsolute) {
+    path = '.';
+  }
+  if (path && trailingSlash) {
+    path += '/';
+  }
+
+  return (isAbsolute ? '/' : '') + path;
+};
+
+// posix version
+exports.isAbsolute = function(path) {
+  return path.charAt(0) === '/';
+};
+
+// posix version
+exports.join = function() {
+  var paths = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
+  return exports.normalize(filter(paths, function(p, index) {
+    if (typeof p !== 'string') {
+      throw new TypeError('Arguments to path.join must be strings');
+    }
+    return p;
+  }).join('/'));
+};
+
+
+// path.relative(from, to)
+// posix version
+exports.relative = function(from, to) {
+  from = exports.resolve(from).substr(1);
+  to = exports.resolve(to).substr(1);
+
+  function trim(arr) {
+    var start = 0;
+    for (; start < arr.length; start++) {
+      if (arr[start] !== '') break;
+    }
+
+    var end = arr.length - 1;
+    for (; end >= 0; end--) {
+      if (arr[end] !== '') break;
+    }
+
+    if (start > end) return [];
+    return arr.slice(start, end - start + 1);
+  }
+
+  var fromParts = trim(from.split('/'));
+  var toParts = trim(to.split('/'));
+
+  var length = Math.min(fromParts.length, toParts.length);
+  var samePartsLength = length;
+  for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    if (fromParts[i] !== toParts[i]) {
+      samePartsLength = i;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  var outputParts = [];
+  for (var i = samePartsLength; i < fromParts.length; i++) {
+    outputParts.push('..');
+  }
+
+  outputParts = outputParts.concat(toParts.slice(samePartsLength));
+
+  return outputParts.join('/');
+};
+
+exports.sep = '/';
+exports.delimiter = ':';
+
+exports.dirname = function(path) {
+  var result = splitPath(path),
+      root = result[0],
+      dir = result[1];
+
+  if (!root && !dir) {
+    // No dirname whatsoever
+    return '.';
+  }
+
+  if (dir) {
+    // It has a dirname, strip trailing slash
+    dir = dir.substr(0, dir.length - 1);
+  }
+
+  return root + dir;
+};
+
+
+exports.basename = function(path, ext) {
+  var f = splitPath(path)[2];
+  // TODO: make this comparison case-insensitive on windows?
+  if (ext && f.substr(-1 * ext.length) === ext) {
+    f = f.substr(0, f.length - ext.length);
+  }
+  return f;
+};
+
+
+exports.extname = function(path) {
+  return splitPath(path)[3];
+};
+
+function filter (xs, f) {
+    if (xs.filter) return xs.filter(f);
+    var res = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < xs.length; i++) {
+        if (f(xs[i], i, xs)) res.push(xs[i]);
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+// String.prototype.substr - negative index don't work in IE8
+var substr = 'ab'.substr(-1) === 'b'
+    ? function (str, start, len) { return str.substr(start, len) }
+    : function (str, start, len) {
+        if (start < 0) start = str.length + start;
+        return str.substr(start, len);
+    }
+;
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24}],23:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process){
+'use strict';
+
+function posix(path) {
+	return path.charAt(0) === '/';
+}
+
+function win32(path) {
+	// https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/b3fcc245fb25539909ef1d5eaa01dbf92e168633/lib/path.js#L56
+	var splitDeviceRe = /^([a-zA-Z]:|[\\\/]{2}[^\\\/]+[\\\/]+[^\\\/]+)?([\\\/])?([\s\S]*?)$/;
+	var result = splitDeviceRe.exec(path);
+	var device = result[1] || '';
+	var isUnc = Boolean(device && device.charAt(1) !== ':');
+
+	// UNC paths are always absolute
+	return Boolean(result[2] || isUnc);
+}
+
+module.exports = process.platform === 'win32' ? win32 : posix;
+module.exports.posix = posix;
+module.exports.win32 = win32;
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'))
+},{"_process":24}],24:[function(require,module,exports){
+// shim for using process in browser
+var process = module.exports = {};
+
+// cached from whatever global is present so that test runners that stub it
+// don't break things.  But we need to wrap it in a try catch in case it is
+// wrapped in strict mode code which doesn't define any globals.  It's inside a
+// function because try/catches deoptimize in certain engines.
+
+var cachedSetTimeout;
+var cachedClearTimeout;
+
+function defaultSetTimout() {
+    throw new Error('setTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+function defaultClearTimeout () {
+    throw new Error('clearTimeout has not been defined');
+}
+(function () {
+    try {
+        if (typeof setTimeout === 'function') {
+            cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+        } else {
+            cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        cachedSetTimeout = defaultSetTimout;
+    }
+    try {
+        if (typeof clearTimeout === 'function') {
+            cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+        } else {
+            cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+        }
+    } catch (e) {
+        cachedClearTimeout = defaultClearTimeout;
+    }
+} ())
+function runTimeout(fun) {
+    if (cachedSetTimeout === setTimeout) {
+        //normal enviroments in sane situations
+        return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+    }
+    // if setTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+    if ((cachedSetTimeout === defaultSetTimout || !cachedSetTimeout) && setTimeout) {
+        cachedSetTimeout = setTimeout;
+        return setTimeout(fun, 0);
+    }
+    try {
+        // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+        return cachedSetTimeout(fun, 0);
+    } catch(e){
+        try {
+            // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't trust the global object when called normally
+            return cachedSetTimeout.call(null, fun, 0);
+        } catch(e){
+            // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error
+            return cachedSetTimeout.call(this, fun, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+}
+function runClearTimeout(marker) {
+    if (cachedClearTimeout === clearTimeout) {
+        //normal enviroments in sane situations
+        return clearTimeout(marker);
+    }
+    // if clearTimeout wasn't available but was latter defined
+    if ((cachedClearTimeout === defaultClearTimeout || !cachedClearTimeout) && clearTimeout) {
+        cachedClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
+        return clearTimeout(marker);
+    }
+    try {
+        // when when somebody has screwed with setTimeout but no I.E. maddness
+        return cachedClearTimeout(marker);
+    } catch (e){
+        try {
+            // When we are in I.E. but the script has been evaled so I.E. doesn't  trust the global object when called normally
+            return cachedClearTimeout.call(null, marker);
+        } catch (e){
+            // same as above but when it's a version of I.E. that must have the global object for 'this', hopfully our context correct otherwise it will throw a global error.
+            // Some versions of I.E. have different rules for clearTimeout vs setTimeout
+            return cachedClearTimeout.call(this, marker);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+
+}
+var queue = [];
+var draining = false;
+var currentQueue;
+var queueIndex = -1;
+
+function cleanUpNextTick() {
+    if (!draining || !currentQueue) {
+        return;
+    }
+    draining = false;
+    if (currentQueue.length) {
+        queue = currentQueue.concat(queue);
+    } else {
+        queueIndex = -1;
+    }
+    if (queue.length) {
+        drainQueue();
+    }
+}
+
+function drainQueue() {
+    if (draining) {
+        return;
+    }
+    var timeout = runTimeout(cleanUpNextTick);
+    draining = true;
+
+    var len = queue.length;
+    while(len) {
+        currentQueue = queue;
+        queue = [];
+        while (++queueIndex < len) {
+            if (currentQueue) {
+                currentQueue[queueIndex].run();
+            }
+        }
+        queueIndex = -1;
+        len = queue.length;
+    }
+    currentQueue = null;
+    draining = false;
+    runClearTimeout(timeout);
+}
+
+process.nextTick = function (fun) {
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length - 1);
+    if (arguments.length > 1) {
+        for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+            args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
+        }
+    }
+    queue.push(new Item(fun, args));
+    if (queue.length === 1 && !draining) {
+        runTimeout(drainQueue);
+    }
+};
+
+// v8 likes predictible objects
+function Item(fun, array) {
+    this.fun = fun;
+    this.array = array;
+}
+Item.prototype.run = function () {
+    this.fun.apply(null, this.array);
+};
+process.title = 'browser';
+process.browser = true;
+process.env = {};
+process.argv = [];
+process.version = ''; // empty string to avoid regexp issues
+process.versions = {};
+
+function noop() {}
+
+process.on = noop;
+process.addListener = noop;
+process.once = noop;
+process.off = noop;
+process.removeListener = noop;
+process.removeAllListeners = noop;
+process.emit = noop;
+process.prependListener = noop;
+process.prependOnceListener = noop;
+
+process.listeners = function (name) { return [] }
+
+process.binding = function (name) {
+    throw new Error('process.binding is not supported');
+};
+
+process.cwd = function () { return '/' };
+process.chdir = function (dir) {
+    throw new Error('process.chdir is not supported');
+};
+process.umask = function() { return 0; };
+
+},{}],25:[function(require,module,exports){
+//     Underscore.js 1.8.3
+//     http://underscorejs.org
+//     (c) 2009-2015 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
+//     Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+
+(function() {
+
+  // Baseline setup
+  // --------------
+
+  // Establish the root object, `window` in the browser, or `exports` on the server.
+  var root = this;
+
+  // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
+  var previousUnderscore = root._;
+
+  // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
+  var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype, FuncProto = Function.prototype;
+
+  // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
+  var
+    push             = ArrayProto.push,
+    slice            = ArrayProto.slice,
+    toString         = ObjProto.toString,
+    hasOwnProperty   = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
+
+  // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
+  // are declared here.
+  var
+    nativeIsArray      = Array.isArray,
+    nativeKeys         = Object.keys,
+    nativeBind         = FuncProto.bind,
+    nativeCreate       = Object.create;
+
+  // Naked function reference for surrogate-prototype-swapping.
+  var Ctor = function(){};
+
+  // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
+  var _ = function(obj) {
+    if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
+    if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
+    this._wrapped = obj;
+  };
+
+  // Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
+  // backwards-compatibility for the old `require()` API. If we're in
+  // the browser, add `_` as a global object.
+  if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
+    if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
+      exports = module.exports = _;
+    }
+    exports._ = _;
+  } else {
+    root._ = _;
+  }
+
+  // Current version.
+  _.VERSION = '1.8.3';
+
+  // Internal function that returns an efficient (for current engines) version
+  // of the passed-in callback, to be repeatedly applied in other Underscore
+  // functions.
+  var optimizeCb = function(func, context, argCount) {
+    if (context === void 0) return func;
+    switch (argCount == null ? 3 : argCount) {
+      case 1: return function(value) {
+        return func.call(context, value);
+      };
+      case 2: return function(value, other) {
+        return func.call(context, value, other);
+      };
+      case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
+        return func.call(context, value, index, collection);
+      };
+      case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
+        return func.call(context, accumulator, value, index, collection);
+      };
+    }
+    return function() {
+      return func.apply(context, arguments);
+    };
+  };
+
+  // A mostly-internal function to generate callbacks that can be applied
+  // to each element in a collection, returning the desired result — either
+  // identity, an arbitrary callback, a property matcher, or a property accessor.
+  var cb = function(value, context, argCount) {
+    if (value == null) return _.identity;
+    if (_.isFunction(value)) return optimizeCb(value, context, argCount);
+    if (_.isObject(value)) return _.matcher(value);
+    return _.property(value);
+  };
+  _.iteratee = function(value, context) {
+    return cb(value, context, Infinity);
+  };
+
+  // An internal function for creating assigner functions.
+  var createAssigner = function(keysFunc, undefinedOnly) {
+    return function(obj) {
+      var length = arguments.length;
+      if (length < 2 || obj == null) return obj;
+      for (var index = 1; index < length; index++) {
+        var source = arguments[index],
+            keys = keysFunc(source),
+            l = keys.length;
+        for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+          var key = keys[i];
+          if (!undefinedOnly || obj[key] === void 0) obj[key] = source[key];
+        }
+      }
+      return obj;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // An internal function for creating a new object that inherits from another.
+  var baseCreate = function(prototype) {
+    if (!_.isObject(prototype)) return {};
+    if (nativeCreate) return nativeCreate(prototype);
+    Ctor.prototype = prototype;
+    var result = new Ctor;
+    Ctor.prototype = null;
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  var property = function(key) {
+    return function(obj) {
+      return obj == null ? void 0 : obj[key];
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Helper for collection methods to determine whether a collection
+  // should be iterated as an array or as an object
+  // Related: http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength
+  // Avoids a very nasty iOS 8 JIT bug on ARM-64. #2094
+  var MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
+  var getLength = property('length');
+  var isArrayLike = function(collection) {
+    var length = getLength(collection);
+    return typeof length == 'number' && length >= 0 && length <= MAX_ARRAY_INDEX;
+  };
+
+  // Collection Functions
+  // --------------------
+
+  // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
+  // Handles raw objects in addition to array-likes. Treats all
+  // sparse array-likes as if they were dense.
+  _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context);
+    var i, length;
+    if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
+      for (i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+        iteratee(obj[i], i, obj);
+      }
+    } else {
+      var keys = _.keys(obj);
+      for (i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+        iteratee(obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj);
+      }
+    }
+    return obj;
+  };
+
+  // Return the results of applying the iteratee to each element.
+  _.map = _.collect = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+        length = (keys || obj).length,
+        results = Array(length);
+    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+      results[index] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+    }
+    return results;
+  };
+
+  // Create a reducing function iterating left or right.
+  function createReduce(dir) {
+    // Optimized iterator function as using arguments.length
+    // in the main function will deoptimize the, see #1991.
+    function iterator(obj, iteratee, memo, keys, index, length) {
+      for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
+        var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+        memo = iteratee(memo, obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+      }
+      return memo;
+    }
+
+    return function(obj, iteratee, memo, context) {
+      iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 4);
+      var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+          length = (keys || obj).length,
+          index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
+      // Determine the initial value if none is provided.
+      if (arguments.length < 3) {
+        memo = obj[keys ? keys[index] : index];
+        index += dir;
+      }
+      return iterator(obj, iteratee, memo, keys, index, length);
+    };
+  }
+
+  // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
+  // or `foldl`.
+  _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = createReduce(1);
+
+  // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
+  _.reduceRight = _.foldr = createReduce(-1);
+
+  // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
+  _.find = _.detect = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    var key;
+    if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
+      key = _.findIndex(obj, predicate, context);
+    } else {
+      key = _.findKey(obj, predicate, context);
+    }
+    if (key !== void 0 && key !== -1) return obj[key];
+  };
+
+  // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
+  // Aliased as `select`.
+  _.filter = _.select = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    var results = [];
+    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+    _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+      if (predicate(value, index, list)) results.push(value);
+    });
+    return results;
+  };
+
+  // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
+  _.reject = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    return _.filter(obj, _.negate(cb(predicate)), context);
+  };
+
+  // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
+  // Aliased as `all`.
+  _.every = _.all = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+        length = (keys || obj).length;
+    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+      if (!predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
+  // Aliased as `any`.
+  _.some = _.any = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
+        length = (keys || obj).length;
+    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
+      if (predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  };
+
+  // Determine if the array or object contains a given item (using `===`).
+  // Aliased as `includes` and `include`.
+  _.contains = _.includes = _.include = function(obj, item, fromIndex, guard) {
+    if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
+    if (typeof fromIndex != 'number' || guard) fromIndex = 0;
+    return _.indexOf(obj, item, fromIndex) >= 0;
+  };
+
+  // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
+  _.invoke = function(obj, method) {
+    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+    var isFunc = _.isFunction(method);
+    return _.map(obj, function(value) {
+      var func = isFunc ? method : value[method];
+      return func == null ? func : func.apply(value, args);
+    });
+  };
+
+  // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
+  _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
+    return _.map(obj, _.property(key));
+  };
+
+  // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
+  // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
+  _.where = function(obj, attrs) {
+    return _.filter(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
+  };
+
+  // Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object
+  // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
+  _.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) {
+    return _.find(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
+  };
+
+  // Return the maximum element (or element-based computation).
+  _.max = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    var result = -Infinity, lastComputed = -Infinity,
+        value, computed;
+    if (iteratee == null && obj != null) {
+      obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+      for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+        value = obj[i];
+        if (value > result) {
+          result = value;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+      _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+        computed = iteratee(value, index, list);
+        if (computed > lastComputed || computed === -Infinity && result === -Infinity) {
+          result = value;
+          lastComputed = computed;
+        }
+      });
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
+  _.min = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    var result = Infinity, lastComputed = Infinity,
+        value, computed;
+    if (iteratee == null && obj != null) {
+      obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+      for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
+        value = obj[i];
+        if (value < result) {
+          result = value;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+      _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+        computed = iteratee(value, index, list);
+        if (computed < lastComputed || computed === Infinity && result === Infinity) {
+          result = value;
+          lastComputed = computed;
+        }
+      });
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Shuffle a collection, using the modern version of the
+  // [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle).
+  _.shuffle = function(obj) {
+    var set = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
+    var length = set.length;
+    var shuffled = Array(length);
+    for (var index = 0, rand; index < length; index++) {
+      rand = _.random(0, index);
+      if (rand !== index) shuffled[index] = shuffled[rand];
+      shuffled[rand] = set[index];
+    }
+    return shuffled;
+  };
+
+  // Sample **n** random values from a collection.
+  // If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element.
+  // The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`.
+  _.sample = function(obj, n, guard) {
+    if (n == null || guard) {
+      if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
+      return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)];
+    }
+    return _.shuffle(obj).slice(0, Math.max(0, n));
+  };
+
+  // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iteratee.
+  _.sortBy = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+    return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, index, list) {
+      return {
+        value: value,
+        index: index,
+        criteria: iteratee(value, index, list)
+      };
+    }).sort(function(left, right) {
+      var a = left.criteria;
+      var b = right.criteria;
+      if (a !== b) {
+        if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
+        if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
+      }
+      return left.index - right.index;
+    }), 'value');
+  };
+
+  // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
+  var group = function(behavior) {
+    return function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+      var result = {};
+      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+      _.each(obj, function(value, index) {
+        var key = iteratee(value, index, obj);
+        behavior(result, value, key);
+      });
+      return result;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
+  // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
+  _.groupBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+    if (_.has(result, key)) result[key].push(value); else result[key] = [value];
+  });
+
+  // Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for
+  // when you know that your index values will be unique.
+  _.indexBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+    result[key] = value;
+  });
+
+  // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
+  // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
+  // criterion.
+  _.countBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
+    if (_.has(result, key)) result[key]++; else result[key] = 1;
+  });
+
+  // Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable.
+  _.toArray = function(obj) {
+    if (!obj) return [];
+    if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj);
+    if (isArrayLike(obj)) return _.map(obj, _.identity);
+    return _.values(obj);
+  };
+
+  // Return the number of elements in an object.
+  _.size = function(obj) {
+    if (obj == null) return 0;
+    return isArrayLike(obj) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
+  };
+
+  // Split a collection into two arrays: one whose elements all satisfy the given
+  // predicate, and one whose elements all do not satisfy the predicate.
+  _.partition = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+    var pass = [], fail = [];
+    _.each(obj, function(value, key, obj) {
+      (predicate(value, key, obj) ? pass : fail).push(value);
+    });
+    return [pass, fail];
+  };
+
+  // Array Functions
+  // ---------------
+
+  // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
+  // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
+  // allows it to work with `_.map`.
+  _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
+    if (array == null) return void 0;
+    if (n == null || guard) return array[0];
+    return _.initial(array, array.length - n);
+  };
+
+  // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
+  // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
+  // the array, excluding the last N.
+  _.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
+    return slice.call(array, 0, Math.max(0, array.length - (n == null || guard ? 1 : n)));
+  };
+
+  // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
+  // values in the array.
+  _.last = function(array, n, guard) {
+    if (array == null) return void 0;
+    if (n == null || guard) return array[array.length - 1];
+    return _.rest(array, Math.max(0, array.length - n));
+  };
+
+  // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
+  // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
+  // the rest N values in the array.
+  _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
+    return slice.call(array, n == null || guard ? 1 : n);
+  };
+
+  // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
+  _.compact = function(array) {
+    return _.filter(array, _.identity);
+  };
+
+  // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
+  var flatten = function(input, shallow, strict, startIndex) {
+    var output = [], idx = 0;
+    for (var i = startIndex || 0, length = getLength(input); i < length; i++) {
+      var value = input[i];
+      if (isArrayLike(value) && (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value))) {
+        //flatten current level of array or arguments object
+        if (!shallow) value = flatten(value, shallow, strict);
+        var j = 0, len = value.length;
+        output.length += len;
+        while (j < len) {
+          output[idx++] = value[j++];
+        }
+      } else if (!strict) {
+        output[idx++] = value;
+      }
+    }
+    return output;
+  };
+
+  // Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level.
+  _.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
+    return flatten(array, shallow, false);
+  };
+
+  // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
+  _.without = function(array) {
+    return _.difference(array, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+  };
+
+  // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
+  // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
+  // Aliased as `unique`.
+  _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iteratee, context) {
+    if (!_.isBoolean(isSorted)) {
+      context = iteratee;
+      iteratee = isSorted;
+      isSorted = false;
+    }
+    if (iteratee != null) iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+    var result = [];
+    var seen = [];
+    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
+      var value = array[i],
+          computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, i, array) : value;
+      if (isSorted) {
+        if (!i || seen !== computed) result.push(value);
+        seen = computed;
+      } else if (iteratee) {
+        if (!_.contains(seen, computed)) {
+          seen.push(computed);
+          result.push(value);
+        }
+      } else if (!_.contains(result, value)) {
+        result.push(value);
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
+  // the passed-in arrays.
+  _.union = function() {
+    return _.uniq(flatten(arguments, true, true));
+  };
+
+  // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
+  // passed-in arrays.
+  _.intersection = function(array) {
+    var result = [];
+    var argsLength = arguments.length;
+    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
+      var item = array[i];
+      if (_.contains(result, item)) continue;
+      for (var j = 1; j < argsLength; j++) {
+        if (!_.contains(arguments[j], item)) break;
+      }
+      if (j === argsLength) result.push(item);
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
+  // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
+  _.difference = function(array) {
+    var rest = flatten(arguments, true, true, 1);
+    return _.filter(array, function(value){
+      return !_.contains(rest, value);
+    });
+  };
+
+  // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
+  // an index go together.
+  _.zip = function() {
+    return _.unzip(arguments);
+  };
+
+  // Complement of _.zip. Unzip accepts an array of arrays and groups
+  // each array's elements on shared indices
+  _.unzip = function(array) {
+    var length = array && _.max(array, getLength).length || 0;
+    var result = Array(length);
+
+    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+      result[index] = _.pluck(array, index);
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
+  // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
+  // the corresponding values.
+  _.object = function(list, values) {
+    var result = {};
+    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(list); i < length; i++) {
+      if (values) {
+        result[list[i]] = values[i];
+      } else {
+        result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Generator function to create the findIndex and findLastIndex functions
+  function createPredicateIndexFinder(dir) {
+    return function(array, predicate, context) {
+      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+      var length = getLength(array);
+      var index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
+      for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
+        if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) return index;
+      }
+      return -1;
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Returns the first index on an array-like that passes a predicate test
+  _.findIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(1);
+  _.findLastIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(-1);
+
+  // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
+  // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
+  _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iteratee, context) {
+    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context, 1);
+    var value = iteratee(obj);
+    var low = 0, high = getLength(array);
+    while (low < high) {
+      var mid = Math.floor((low + high) / 2);
+      if (iteratee(array[mid]) < value) low = mid + 1; else high = mid;
+    }
+    return low;
+  };
+
+  // Generator function to create the indexOf and lastIndexOf functions
+  function createIndexFinder(dir, predicateFind, sortedIndex) {
+    return function(array, item, idx) {
+      var i = 0, length = getLength(array);
+      if (typeof idx == 'number') {
+        if (dir > 0) {
+            i = idx >= 0 ? idx : Math.max(idx + length, i);
+        } else {
+            length = idx >= 0 ? Math.min(idx + 1, length) : idx + length + 1;
+        }
+      } else if (sortedIndex && idx && length) {
+        idx = sortedIndex(array, item);
+        return array[idx] === item ? idx : -1;
+      }
+      if (item !== item) {
+        idx = predicateFind(slice.call(array, i, length), _.isNaN);
+        return idx >= 0 ? idx + i : -1;
+      }
+      for (idx = dir > 0 ? i : length - 1; idx >= 0 && idx < length; idx += dir) {
+        if (array[idx] === item) return idx;
+      }
+      return -1;
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Return the position of the first occurrence of an item in an array,
+  // or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
+  // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
+  // for **isSorted** to use binary search.
+  _.indexOf = createIndexFinder(1, _.findIndex, _.sortedIndex);
+  _.lastIndexOf = createIndexFinder(-1, _.findLastIndex);
+
+  // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
+  // the native Python `range()` function. See
+  // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
+  _.range = function(start, stop, step) {
+    if (stop == null) {
+      stop = start || 0;
+      start = 0;
+    }
+    step = step || 1;
+
+    var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
+    var range = Array(length);
+
+    for (var idx = 0; idx < length; idx++, start += step) {
+      range[idx] = start;
+    }
+
+    return range;
+  };
+
+  // Function (ahem) Functions
+  // ------------------
+
+  // Determines whether to execute a function as a constructor
+  // or a normal function with the provided arguments
+  var executeBound = function(sourceFunc, boundFunc, context, callingContext, args) {
+    if (!(callingContext instanceof boundFunc)) return sourceFunc.apply(context, args);
+    var self = baseCreate(sourceFunc.prototype);
+    var result = sourceFunc.apply(self, args);
+    if (_.isObject(result)) return result;
+    return self;
+  };
+
+  // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
+  // optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if
+  // available.
+  _.bind = function(func, context) {
+    if (nativeBind && func.bind === nativeBind) return nativeBind.apply(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+    if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError('Bind must be called on a function');
+    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+    var bound = function() {
+      return executeBound(func, bound, context, this, args.concat(slice.call(arguments)));
+    };
+    return bound;
+  };
+
+  // Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its
+  // arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. _ acts
+  // as a placeholder, allowing any combination of arguments to be pre-filled.
+  _.partial = function(func) {
+    var boundArgs = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+    var bound = function() {
+      var position = 0, length = boundArgs.length;
+      var args = Array(length);
+      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        args[i] = boundArgs[i] === _ ? arguments[position++] : boundArgs[i];
+      }
+      while (position < arguments.length) args.push(arguments[position++]);
+      return executeBound(func, bound, this, this, args);
+    };
+    return bound;
+  };
+
+  // Bind a number of an object's methods to that object. Remaining arguments
+  // are the method names to be bound. Useful for ensuring that all callbacks
+  // defined on an object belong to it.
+  _.bindAll = function(obj) {
+    var i, length = arguments.length, key;
+    if (length <= 1) throw new Error('bindAll must be passed function names');
+    for (i = 1; i < length; i++) {
+      key = arguments[i];
+      obj[key] = _.bind(obj[key], obj);
+    }
+    return obj;
+  };
+
+  // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
+  _.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
+    var memoize = function(key) {
+      var cache = memoize.cache;
+      var address = '' + (hasher ? hasher.apply(this, arguments) : key);
+      if (!_.has(cache, address)) cache[address] = func.apply(this, arguments);
+      return cache[address];
+    };
+    memoize.cache = {};
+    return memoize;
+  };
+
+  // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
+  // it with the arguments supplied.
+  _.delay = function(func, wait) {
+    var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+    return setTimeout(function(){
+      return func.apply(null, args);
+    }, wait);
+  };
+
+  // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
+  // cleared.
+  _.defer = _.partial(_.delay, _, 1);
+
+  // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
+  // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run
+  // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration;
+  // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass
+  // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto.
+  _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) {
+    var context, args, result;
+    var timeout = null;
+    var previous = 0;
+    if (!options) options = {};
+    var later = function() {
+      previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now();
+      timeout = null;
+      result = func.apply(context, args);
+      if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+    };
+    return function() {
+      var now = _.now();
+      if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now;
+      var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
+      context = this;
+      args = arguments;
+      if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
+        if (timeout) {
+          clearTimeout(timeout);
+          timeout = null;
+        }
+        previous = now;
+        result = func.apply(context, args);
+        if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+      } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
+        timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
+      }
+      return result;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
+  // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
+  // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
+  // leading edge, instead of the trailing.
+  _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
+    var timeout, args, context, timestamp, result;
+
+    var later = function() {
+      var last = _.now() - timestamp;
+
+      if (last < wait && last >= 0) {
+        timeout = setTimeout(later, wait - last);
+      } else {
+        timeout = null;
+        if (!immediate) {
+          result = func.apply(context, args);
+          if (!timeout) context = args = null;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    return function() {
+      context = this;
+      args = arguments;
+      timestamp = _.now();
+      var callNow = immediate && !timeout;
+      if (!timeout) timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
+      if (callNow) {
+        result = func.apply(context, args);
+        context = args = null;
+      }
+
+      return result;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
+  // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
+  // conditionally execute the original function.
+  _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
+    return _.partial(wrapper, func);
+  };
+
+  // Returns a negated version of the passed-in predicate.
+  _.negate = function(predicate) {
+    return function() {
+      return !predicate.apply(this, arguments);
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
+  // consuming the return value of the function that follows.
+  _.compose = function() {
+    var args = arguments;
+    var start = args.length - 1;
+    return function() {
+      var i = start;
+      var result = args[start].apply(this, arguments);
+      while (i--) result = args[i].call(this, result);
+      return result;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a function that will only be executed on and after the Nth call.
+  _.after = function(times, func) {
+    return function() {
+      if (--times < 1) {
+        return func.apply(this, arguments);
+      }
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a function that will only be executed up to (but not including) the Nth call.
+  _.before = function(times, func) {
+    var memo;
+    return function() {
+      if (--times > 0) {
+        memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
+      }
+      if (times <= 1) func = null;
+      return memo;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
+  // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
+  _.once = _.partial(_.before, 2);
+
+  // Object Functions
+  // ----------------
+
+  // Keys in IE < 9 that won't be iterated by `for key in ...` and thus missed.
+  var hasEnumBug = !{toString: null}.propertyIsEnumerable('toString');
+  var nonEnumerableProps = ['valueOf', 'isPrototypeOf', 'toString',
+                      'propertyIsEnumerable', 'hasOwnProperty', 'toLocaleString'];
+
+  function collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys) {
+    var nonEnumIdx = nonEnumerableProps.length;
+    var constructor = obj.constructor;
+    var proto = (_.isFunction(constructor) && constructor.prototype) || ObjProto;
+
+    // Constructor is a special case.
+    var prop = 'constructor';
+    if (_.has(obj, prop) && !_.contains(keys, prop)) keys.push(prop);
+
+    while (nonEnumIdx--) {
+      prop = nonEnumerableProps[nonEnumIdx];
+      if (prop in obj && obj[prop] !== proto[prop] && !_.contains(keys, prop)) {
+        keys.push(prop);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Retrieve the names of an object's own properties.
+  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`
+  _.keys = function(obj) {
+    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
+    if (nativeKeys) return nativeKeys(obj);
+    var keys = [];
+    for (var key in obj) if (_.has(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
+    // Ahem, IE < 9.
+    if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
+    return keys;
+  };
+
+  // Retrieve all the property names of an object.
+  _.allKeys = function(obj) {
+    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
+    var keys = [];
+    for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
+    // Ahem, IE < 9.
+    if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
+    return keys;
+  };
+
+  // Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
+  _.values = function(obj) {
+    var keys = _.keys(obj);
+    var length = keys.length;
+    var values = Array(length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      values[i] = obj[keys[i]];
+    }
+    return values;
+  };
+
+  // Returns the results of applying the iteratee to each element of the object
+  // In contrast to _.map it returns an object
+  _.mapObject = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
+    var keys =  _.keys(obj),
+          length = keys.length,
+          results = {},
+          currentKey;
+      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
+        currentKey = keys[index];
+        results[currentKey] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
+      }
+      return results;
+  };
+
+  // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs.
+  _.pairs = function(obj) {
+    var keys = _.keys(obj);
+    var length = keys.length;
+    var pairs = Array(length);
+    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      pairs[i] = [keys[i], obj[keys[i]]];
+    }
+    return pairs;
+  };
+
+  // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable.
+  _.invert = function(obj) {
+    var result = {};
+    var keys = _.keys(obj);
+    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+      result[obj[keys[i]]] = keys[i];
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
+  // Aliased as `methods`
+  _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
+    var names = [];
+    for (var key in obj) {
+      if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
+    }
+    return names.sort();
+  };
+
+  // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
+  _.extend = createAssigner(_.allKeys);
+
+  // Assigns a given object with all the own properties in the passed-in object(s)
+  // (https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
+  _.extendOwn = _.assign = createAssigner(_.keys);
+
+  // Returns the first key on an object that passes a predicate test
+  _.findKey = function(obj, predicate, context) {
+    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
+    var keys = _.keys(obj), key;
+    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+      key = keys[i];
+      if (predicate(obj[key], key, obj)) return key;
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties.
+  _.pick = function(object, oiteratee, context) {
+    var result = {}, obj = object, iteratee, keys;
+    if (obj == null) return result;
+    if (_.isFunction(oiteratee)) {
+      keys = _.allKeys(obj);
+      iteratee = optimizeCb(oiteratee, context);
+    } else {
+      keys = flatten(arguments, false, false, 1);
+      iteratee = function(value, key, obj) { return key in obj; };
+      obj = Object(obj);
+    }
+    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
+      var key = keys[i];
+      var value = obj[key];
+      if (iteratee(value, key, obj)) result[key] = value;
+    }
+    return result;
+  };
+
+   // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties.
+  _.omit = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
+    if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
+      iteratee = _.negate(iteratee);
+    } else {
+      var keys = _.map(flatten(arguments, false, false, 1), String);
+      iteratee = function(value, key) {
+        return !_.contains(keys, key);
+      };
+    }
+    return _.pick(obj, iteratee, context);
+  };
+
+  // Fill in a given object with default properties.
+  _.defaults = createAssigner(_.allKeys, true);
+
+  // Creates an object that inherits from the given prototype object.
+  // If additional properties are provided then they will be added to the
+  // created object.
+  _.create = function(prototype, props) {
+    var result = baseCreate(prototype);
+    if (props) _.extendOwn(result, props);
+    return result;
+  };
+
+  // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
+  _.clone = function(obj) {
+    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj;
+    return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
+  };
+
+  // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
+  // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
+  // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
+  _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
+    interceptor(obj);
+    return obj;
+  };
+
+  // Returns whether an object has a given set of `key:value` pairs.
+  _.isMatch = function(object, attrs) {
+    var keys = _.keys(attrs), length = keys.length;
+    if (object == null) return !length;
+    var obj = Object(object);
+    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      var key = keys[i];
+      if (attrs[key] !== obj[key] || !(key in obj)) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+
+
+  // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
+  var eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
+    // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
+    // See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal).
+    if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
+    // A strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`.
+    if (a == null || b == null) return a === b;
+    // Unwrap any wrapped objects.
+    if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
+    if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
+    // Compare `[[Class]]` names.
+    var className = toString.call(a);
+    if (className !== toString.call(b)) return false;
+    switch (className) {
+      // Strings, numbers, regular expressions, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
+      case '[object RegExp]':
+      // RegExps are coerced to strings for comparison (Note: '' + /a/i === '/a/i')
+      case '[object String]':
+        // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
+        // equivalent to `new String("5")`.
+        return '' + a === '' + b;
+      case '[object Number]':
+        // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
+        // Object(NaN) is equivalent to NaN
+        if (+a !== +a) return +b !== +b;
+        // An `egal` comparison is performed for other numeric values.
+        return +a === 0 ? 1 / +a === 1 / b : +a === +b;
+      case '[object Date]':
+      case '[object Boolean]':
+        // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
+        // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
+        // of `NaN` are not equivalent.
+        return +a === +b;
+    }
+
+    var areArrays = className === '[object Array]';
+    if (!areArrays) {
+      if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
+
+      // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s or `Array`s
+      // from different frames are.
+      var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
+      if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && aCtor instanceof aCtor &&
+                               _.isFunction(bCtor) && bCtor instanceof bCtor)
+                          && ('constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
+    // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
+
+    // Initializing stack of traversed objects.
+    // It's done here since we only need them for objects and arrays comparison.
+    aStack = aStack || [];
+    bStack = bStack || [];
+    var length = aStack.length;
+    while (length--) {
+      // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
+      // unique nested structures.
+      if (aStack[length] === a) return bStack[length] === b;
+    }
+
+    // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
+    aStack.push(a);
+    bStack.push(b);
+
+    // Recursively compare objects and arrays.
+    if (areArrays) {
+      // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
+      length = a.length;
+      if (length !== b.length) return false;
+      // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
+      while (length--) {
+        if (!eq(a[length], b[length], aStack, bStack)) return false;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Deep compare objects.
+      var keys = _.keys(a), key;
+      length = keys.length;
+      // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties before comparing deep equality.
+      if (_.keys(b).length !== length) return false;
+      while (length--) {
+        // Deep compare each member
+        key = keys[length];
+        if (!(_.has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) return false;
+      }
+    }
+    // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
+    aStack.pop();
+    bStack.pop();
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
+  _.isEqual = function(a, b) {
+    return eq(a, b);
+  };
+
+  // Is a given array, string, or object empty?
+  // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties.
+  _.isEmpty = function(obj) {
+    if (obj == null) return true;
+    if (isArrayLike(obj) && (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj) || _.isArguments(obj))) return obj.length === 0;
+    return _.keys(obj).length === 0;
+  };
+
+  // Is a given value a DOM element?
+  _.isElement = function(obj) {
+    return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1);
+  };
+
+  // Is a given value an array?
+  // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
+  _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
+    return toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]';
+  };
+
+  // Is a given variable an object?
+  _.isObject = function(obj) {
+    var type = typeof obj;
+    return type === 'function' || type === 'object' && !!obj;
+  };
+
+  // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp, isError.
+  _.each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp', 'Error'], function(name) {
+    _['is' + name] = function(obj) {
+      return toString.call(obj) === '[object ' + name + ']';
+    };
+  });
+
+  // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE < 9), where
+  // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type.
+  if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) {
+    _.isArguments = function(obj) {
+      return _.has(obj, 'callee');
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate. Work around some typeof bugs in old v8,
+  // IE 11 (#1621), and in Safari 8 (#1929).
+  if (typeof /./ != 'function' && typeof Int8Array != 'object') {
+    _.isFunction = function(obj) {
+      return typeof obj == 'function' || false;
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Is a given object a finite number?
+  _.isFinite = function(obj) {
+    return isFinite(obj) && !isNaN(parseFloat(obj));
+  };
+
+  // Is the given value `NaN`? (NaN is the only number which does not equal itself).
+  _.isNaN = function(obj) {
+    return _.isNumber(obj) && obj !== +obj;
+  };
+
+  // Is a given value a boolean?
+  _.isBoolean = function(obj) {
+    return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) === '[object Boolean]';
+  };
+
+  // Is a given value equal to null?
+  _.isNull = function(obj) {
+    return obj === null;
+  };
+
+  // Is a given variable undefined?
+  _.isUndefined = function(obj) {
+    return obj === void 0;
+  };
+
+  // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly
+  // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype).
+  _.has = function(obj, key) {
+    return obj != null && hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key);
+  };
+
+  // Utility Functions
+  // -----------------
+
+  // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
+  // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
+  _.noConflict = function() {
+    root._ = previousUnderscore;
+    return this;
+  };
+
+  // Keep the identity function around for default iteratees.
+  _.identity = function(value) {
+    return value;
+  };
+
+  // Predicate-generating functions. Often useful outside of Underscore.
+  _.constant = function(value) {
+    return function() {
+      return value;
+    };
+  };
+
+  _.noop = function(){};
+
+  _.property = property;
+
+  // Generates a function for a given object that returns a given property.
+  _.propertyOf = function(obj) {
+    return obj == null ? function(){} : function(key) {
+      return obj[key];
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Returns a predicate for checking whether an object has a given set of
+  // `key:value` pairs.
+  _.matcher = _.matches = function(attrs) {
+    attrs = _.extendOwn({}, attrs);
+    return function(obj) {
+      return _.isMatch(obj, attrs);
+    };
+  };
+
+  // Run a function **n** times.
+  _.times = function(n, iteratee, context) {
+    var accum = Array(Math.max(0, n));
+    iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 1);
+    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) accum[i] = iteratee(i);
+    return accum;
+  };
+
+  // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
+  _.random = function(min, max) {
+    if (max == null) {
+      max = min;
+      min = 0;
+    }
+    return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
+  };
+
+  // A (possibly faster) way to get the current timestamp as an integer.
+  _.now = Date.now || function() {
+    return new Date().getTime();
+  };
+
+   // List of HTML entities for escaping.
+  var escapeMap = {
+    '&': '&amp;',
+    '<': '&lt;',
+    '>': '&gt;',
+    '"': '&quot;',
+    "'": '&#x27;',
+    '`': '&#x60;'
+  };
+  var unescapeMap = _.invert(escapeMap);
+
+  // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation.
+  var createEscaper = function(map) {
+    var escaper = function(match) {
+      return map[match];
+    };
+    // Regexes for identifying a key that needs to be escaped
+    var source = '(?:' + _.keys(map).join('|') + ')';
+    var testRegexp = RegExp(source);
+    var replaceRegexp = RegExp(source, 'g');
+    return function(string) {
+      string = string == null ? '' : '' + string;
+      return testRegexp.test(string) ? string.replace(replaceRegexp, escaper) : string;
+    };
+  };
+  _.escape = createEscaper(escapeMap);
+  _.unescape = createEscaper(unescapeMap);
+
+  // If the value of the named `property` is a function then invoke it with the
+  // `object` as context; otherwise, return it.
+  _.result = function(object, property, fallback) {
+    var value = object == null ? void 0 : object[property];
+    if (value === void 0) {
+      value = fallback;
+    }
+    return _.isFunction(value) ? value.call(object) : value;
+  };
+
+  // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
+  // Useful for temporary DOM ids.
+  var idCounter = 0;
+  _.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
+    var id = ++idCounter + '';
+    return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
+  };
+
+  // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
+  // following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
+  _.templateSettings = {
+    evaluate    : /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+    interpolate : /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+    escape      : /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g
+  };
+
+  // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an
+  // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is
+  // guaranteed not to match.
+  var noMatch = /(.)^/;
+
+  // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a
+  // string literal.
+  var escapes = {
+    "'":      "'",
+    '\\':     '\\',
+    '\r':     'r',
+    '\n':     'n',
+    '\u2028': 'u2028',
+    '\u2029': 'u2029'
+  };
+
+  var escaper = /\\|'|\r|\n|\u2028|\u2029/g;
+
+  var escapeChar = function(match) {
+    return '\\' + escapes[match];
+  };
+
+  // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
+  // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
+  // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
+  // NB: `oldSettings` only exists for backwards compatibility.
+  _.template = function(text, settings, oldSettings) {
+    if (!settings && oldSettings) settings = oldSettings;
+    settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings);
+
+    // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation.
+    var matcher = RegExp([
+      (settings.escape || noMatch).source,
+      (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source,
+      (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source
+    ].join('|') + '|$', 'g');
+
+    // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately.
+    var index = 0;
+    var source = "__p+='";
+    text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) {
+      source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(escaper, escapeChar);
+      index = offset + match.length;
+
+      if (escape) {
+        source += "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'";
+      } else if (interpolate) {
+        source += "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'";
+      } else if (evaluate) {
+        source += "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='";
+      }
+
+      // Adobe VMs need the match returned to produce the correct offest.
+      return match;
+    });
+    source += "';\n";
+
+    // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope.
+    if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n';
+
+    source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," +
+      "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" +
+      source + 'return __p;\n';
+
+    try {
+      var render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source);
+    } catch (e) {
+      e.source = source;
+      throw e;
+    }
+
+    var template = function(data) {
+      return render.call(this, data, _);
+    };
+
+    // Provide the compiled source as a convenience for precompilation.
+    var argument = settings.variable || 'obj';
+    template.source = 'function(' + argument + '){\n' + source + '}';
+
+    return template;
+  };
+
+  // Add a "chain" function. Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
+  _.chain = function(obj) {
+    var instance = _(obj);
+    instance._chain = true;
+    return instance;
+  };
+
+  // OOP
+  // ---------------
+  // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
+  // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
+  // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
+
+  // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
+  var result = function(instance, obj) {
+    return instance._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
+  };
+
+  // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object.
+  _.mixin = function(obj) {
+    _.each(_.functions(obj), function(name) {
+      var func = _[name] = obj[name];
+      _.prototype[name] = function() {
+        var args = [this._wrapped];
+        push.apply(args, arguments);
+        return result(this, func.apply(_, args));
+      };
+    });
+  };
+
+  // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
+  _.mixin(_);
+
+  // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
+  _.each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
+    var method = ArrayProto[name];
+    _.prototype[name] = function() {
+      var obj = this._wrapped;
+      method.apply(obj, arguments);
+      if ((name === 'shift' || name === 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0];
+      return result(this, obj);
+    };
+  });
+
+  // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
+  _.each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
+    var method = ArrayProto[name];
+    _.prototype[name] = function() {
+      return result(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments));
+    };
+  });
+
+  // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
+  _.prototype.value = function() {
+    return this._wrapped;
+  };
+
+  // Provide unwrapping proxy for some methods used in engine operations
+  // such as arithmetic and JSON stringification.
+  _.prototype.valueOf = _.prototype.toJSON = _.prototype.value;
+
+  _.prototype.toString = function() {
+    return '' + this._wrapped;
+  };
+
+  // AMD registration happens at the end for compatibility with AMD loaders
+  // that may not enforce next-turn semantics on modules. Even though general
+  // practice for AMD registration is to be anonymous, underscore registers
+  // as a named module because, like jQuery, it is a base library that is
+  // popular enough to be bundled in a third party lib, but not be part of
+  // an AMD load request. Those cases could generate an error when an
+  // anonymous define() is called outside of a loader request.
+  if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
+    define('underscore', [], function() {
+      return _;
+    });
+  }
+}.call(this));
+
+},{}],26:[function(require,module,exports){
+arguments[4][19][0].apply(exports,arguments)
+},{"dup":19}],27:[function(require,module,exports){
+module.exports = function isBuffer(arg) {
+  return arg && typeof arg === 'object'
+    && typeof arg.copy === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.fill === 'function'
+    && typeof arg.readUInt8 === 'function';
+}
+},{}],28:[function(require,module,exports){
+(function (process,global){
+// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
+// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
+// following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
+// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
+// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
+// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
+// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+var formatRegExp = /%[sdj%]/g;
+exports.format = function(f) {
+  if (!isString(f)) {
+    var objects = [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+      objects.push(inspect(arguments[i]));
+    }
+    return objects.join(' ');
+  }
+
+  var i = 1;
+  var args = arguments;
+  var len = args.length;
+  var str = String(f).replace(formatRegExp, function(x) {
+    if (x === '%%') return '%';
+    if (i >= len) return x;
+    switch (x) {
+      case '%s': return String(args[i++]);
+      case '%d': return Number(args[i++]);
+      case '%j':
+        try {
+          return JSON.stringify(args[i++]);
+        } catch (_) {
+          return '[Circular]';
+        }
+      default:
+        return x;
+    }
+  });
+  for (var x = args[i]; i < len; x = args[++i]) {
+    if (isNull(x) || !isObject(x)) {
+      str += ' ' + x;
+    } else {
+      str += ' ' + inspect(x);
+    }
+  }
+  return str;
+};
+
+
+// Mark that a method should not be used.
+// Returns a modified function which warns once by default.
+// If --no-deprecation is set, then it is a no-op.
+exports.deprecate = function(fn, msg) {
+  // Allow for deprecating things in the process of starting up.
+  if (isUndefined(global.process)) {
+    return function() {
+      return exports.deprecate(fn, msg).apply(this, arguments);
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (process.noDeprecation === true) {
+    return fn;
+  }
+
+  var warned = false;
+  function deprecated() {
+    if (!warned) {
+      if (process.throwDeprecation) {
+        throw new Error(msg);
+      } else if (process.traceDeprecation) {
+        console.trace(msg);
+      } else {
+        console.error(msg);
+      }
+      warned = true;
+    }
+    return fn.apply(this, arguments);
+  }
+
+  return deprecated;
+};
+
+
+var debugs = {};
+var debugEnviron;
+exports.debuglog = function(set) {
+  if (isUndefined(debugEnviron))
+    debugEnviron = process.env.NODE_DEBUG || '';
+  set = set.toUpperCase();
+  if (!debugs[set]) {
+    if (new RegExp('\\b' + set + '\\b', 'i').test(debugEnviron)) {
+      var pid = process.pid;
+      debugs[set] = function() {
+        var msg = exports.format.apply(exports, arguments);
+        console.error('%s %d: %s', set, pid, msg);
+      };
+    } else {
+      debugs[set] = function() {};
+    }
+  }
+  return debugs[set];
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Echos the value of a value. Trys to print the value out
+ * in the best way possible given the different types.
+ *
+ * @param {Object} obj The object to print out.
+ * @param {Object} opts Optional options object that alters the output.
+ */
+/* legacy: obj, showHidden, depth, colors*/
+function inspect(obj, opts) {
+  // default options
+  var ctx = {
+    seen: [],
+    stylize: stylizeNoColor
+  };
+  // legacy...
+  if (arguments.length >= 3) ctx.depth = arguments[2];
+  if (arguments.length >= 4) ctx.colors = arguments[3];
+  if (isBoolean(opts)) {
+    // legacy...
+    ctx.showHidden = opts;
+  } else if (opts) {
+    // got an "options" object
+    exports._extend(ctx, opts);
+  }
+  // set default options
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.showHidden)) ctx.showHidden = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.depth)) ctx.depth = 2;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.colors)) ctx.colors = false;
+  if (isUndefined(ctx.customInspect)) ctx.customInspect = true;
+  if (ctx.colors) ctx.stylize = stylizeWithColor;
+  return formatValue(ctx, obj, ctx.depth);
+}
+exports.inspect = inspect;
+
+
+// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#graphics
+inspect.colors = {
+  'bold' : [1, 22],
+  'italic' : [3, 23],
+  'underline' : [4, 24],
+  'inverse' : [7, 27],
+  'white' : [37, 39],
+  'grey' : [90, 39],
+  'black' : [30, 39],
+  'blue' : [34, 39],
+  'cyan' : [36, 39],
+  'green' : [32, 39],
+  'magenta' : [35, 39],
+  'red' : [31, 39],
+  'yellow' : [33, 39]
+};
+
+// Don't use 'blue' not visible on cmd.exe
+inspect.styles = {
+  'special': 'cyan',
+  'number': 'yellow',
+  'boolean': 'yellow',
+  'undefined': 'grey',
+  'null': 'bold',
+  'string': 'green',
+  'date': 'magenta',
+  // "name": intentionally not styling
+  'regexp': 'red'
+};
+
+
+function stylizeWithColor(str, styleType) {
+  var style = inspect.styles[styleType];
+
+  if (style) {
+    return '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][0] + 'm' + str +
+           '\u001b[' + inspect.colors[style][1] + 'm';
+  } else {
+    return str;
+  }
+}
+
+
+function stylizeNoColor(str, styleType) {
+  return str;
+}
+
+
+function arrayToHash(array) {
+  var hash = {};
+
+  array.forEach(function(val, idx) {
+    hash[val] = true;
+  });
+
+  return hash;
+}
+
+
+function formatValue(ctx, value, recurseTimes) {
+  // Provide a hook for user-specified inspect functions.
+  // Check that value is an object with an inspect function on it
+  if (ctx.customInspect &&
+      value &&
+      isFunction(value.inspect) &&
+      // Filter out the util module, it's inspect function is special
+      value.inspect !== exports.inspect &&
+      // Also filter out any prototype objects using the circular check.
+      !(value.constructor && value.constructor.prototype === value)) {
+    var ret = value.inspect(recurseTimes, ctx);
+    if (!isString(ret)) {
+      ret = formatValue(ctx, ret, recurseTimes);
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  // Primitive types cannot have properties
+  var primitive = formatPrimitive(ctx, value);
+  if (primitive) {
+    return primitive;
+  }
+
+  // Look up the keys of the object.
+  var keys = Object.keys(value);
+  var visibleKeys = arrayToHash(keys);
+
+  if (ctx.showHidden) {
+    keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(value);
+  }
+
+  // IE doesn't make error fields non-enumerable
+  // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dww52sbt(v=vs.94).aspx
+  if (isError(value)
+      && (keys.indexOf('message') >= 0 || keys.indexOf('description') >= 0)) {
+    return formatError(value);
+  }
+
+  // Some type of object without properties can be shortcutted.
+  if (keys.length === 0) {
+    if (isFunction(value)) {
+      var name = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+      return ctx.stylize('[Function' + name + ']', 'special');
+    }
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    }
+    if (isDate(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(Date.prototype.toString.call(value), 'date');
+    }
+    if (isError(value)) {
+      return formatError(value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  var base = '', array = false, braces = ['{', '}'];
+
+  // Make Array say that they are Array
+  if (isArray(value)) {
+    array = true;
+    braces = ['[', ']'];
+  }
+
+  // Make functions say that they are functions
+  if (isFunction(value)) {
+    var n = value.name ? ': ' + value.name : '';
+    base = ' [Function' + n + ']';
+  }
+
+  // Make RegExps say that they are RegExps
+  if (isRegExp(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value);
+  }
+
+  // Make dates with properties first say the date
+  if (isDate(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + Date.prototype.toUTCString.call(value);
+  }
+
+  // Make error with message first say the error
+  if (isError(value)) {
+    base = ' ' + formatError(value);
+  }
+
+  if (keys.length === 0 && (!array || value.length == 0)) {
+    return braces[0] + base + braces[1];
+  }
+
+  if (recurseTimes < 0) {
+    if (isRegExp(value)) {
+      return ctx.stylize(RegExp.prototype.toString.call(value), 'regexp');
+    } else {
+      return ctx.stylize('[Object]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+
+  ctx.seen.push(value);
+
+  var output;
+  if (array) {
+    output = formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys);
+  } else {
+    output = keys.map(function(key) {
+      return formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array);
+    });
+  }
+
+  ctx.seen.pop();
+
+  return reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces);
+}
+
+
+function formatPrimitive(ctx, value) {
+  if (isUndefined(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('undefined', 'undefined');
+  if (isString(value)) {
+    var simple = '\'' + JSON.stringify(value).replace(/^"|"$/g, '')
+                                             .replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                                             .replace(/\\"/g, '"') + '\'';
+    return ctx.stylize(simple, 'string');
+  }
+  if (isNumber(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'number');
+  if (isBoolean(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('' + value, 'boolean');
+  // For some reason typeof null is "object", so special case here.
+  if (isNull(value))
+    return ctx.stylize('null', 'null');
+}
+
+
+function formatError(value) {
+  return '[' + Error.prototype.toString.call(value) + ']';
+}
+
+
+function formatArray(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, keys) {
+  var output = [];
+  for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; ++i) {
+    if (hasOwnProperty(value, String(i))) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          String(i), true));
+    } else {
+      output.push('');
+    }
+  }
+  keys.forEach(function(key) {
+    if (!key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      output.push(formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys,
+          key, true));
+    }
+  });
+  return output;
+}
+
+
+function formatProperty(ctx, value, recurseTimes, visibleKeys, key, array) {
+  var name, str, desc;
+  desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(value, key) || { value: value[key] };
+  if (desc.get) {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter/Setter]', 'special');
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Getter]', 'special');
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (desc.set) {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Setter]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (!hasOwnProperty(visibleKeys, key)) {
+    name = '[' + key + ']';
+  }
+  if (!str) {
+    if (ctx.seen.indexOf(desc.value) < 0) {
+      if (isNull(recurseTimes)) {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, null);
+      } else {
+        str = formatValue(ctx, desc.value, recurseTimes - 1);
+      }
+      if (str.indexOf('\n') > -1) {
+        if (array) {
+          str = str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '  ' + line;
+          }).join('\n').substr(2);
+        } else {
+          str = '\n' + str.split('\n').map(function(line) {
+            return '   ' + line;
+          }).join('\n');
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      str = ctx.stylize('[Circular]', 'special');
+    }
+  }
+  if (isUndefined(name)) {
+    if (array && key.match(/^\d+$/)) {
+      return str;
+    }
+    name = JSON.stringify('' + key);
+    if (name.match(/^"([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)"$/)) {
+      name = name.substr(1, name.length - 2);
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'name');
+    } else {
+      name = name.replace(/'/g, "\\'")
+                 .replace(/\\"/g, '"')
+                 .replace(/(^"|"$)/g, "'");
+      name = ctx.stylize(name, 'string');
+    }
+  }
+
+  return name + ': ' + str;
+}
+
+
+function reduceToSingleString(output, base, braces) {
+  var numLinesEst = 0;
+  var length = output.reduce(function(prev, cur) {
+    numLinesEst++;
+    if (cur.indexOf('\n') >= 0) numLinesEst++;
+    return prev + cur.replace(/\u001b\[\d\d?m/g, '').length + 1;
+  }, 0);
+
+  if (length > 60) {
+    return braces[0] +
+           (base === '' ? '' : base + '\n ') +
+           ' ' +
+           output.join(',\n  ') +
+           ' ' +
+           braces[1];
+  }
+
+  return braces[0] + base + ' ' + output.join(', ') + ' ' + braces[1];
+}
+
+
+// NOTE: These type checking functions intentionally don't use `instanceof`
+// because it is fragile and can be easily faked with `Object.create()`.
+function isArray(ar) {
+  return Array.isArray(ar);
+}
+exports.isArray = isArray;
+
+function isBoolean(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'boolean';
+}
+exports.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+
+function isNull(arg) {
+  return arg === null;
+}
+exports.isNull = isNull;
+
+function isNullOrUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg == null;
+}
+exports.isNullOrUndefined = isNullOrUndefined;
+
+function isNumber(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'number';
+}
+exports.isNumber = isNumber;
+
+function isString(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'string';
+}
+exports.isString = isString;
+
+function isSymbol(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'symbol';
+}
+exports.isSymbol = isSymbol;
+
+function isUndefined(arg) {
+  return arg === void 0;
+}
+exports.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+
+function isRegExp(re) {
+  return isObject(re) && objectToString(re) === '[object RegExp]';
+}
+exports.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+
+function isObject(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
+}
+exports.isObject = isObject;
+
+function isDate(d) {
+  return isObject(d) && objectToString(d) === '[object Date]';
+}
+exports.isDate = isDate;
+
+function isError(e) {
+  return isObject(e) &&
+      (objectToString(e) === '[object Error]' || e instanceof Error);
+}
+exports.isError = isError;
+
+function isFunction(arg) {
+  return typeof arg === 'function';
+}
+exports.isFunction = isFunction;
+
+function isPrimitive(arg) {
+  return arg === null ||
+         typeof arg === 'boolean' ||
+         typeof arg === 'number' ||
+         typeof arg === 'string' ||
+         typeof arg === 'symbol' ||  // ES6 symbol
+         typeof arg === 'undefined';
+}
+exports.isPrimitive = isPrimitive;
+
+exports.isBuffer = require('./support/isBuffer');
+
+function objectToString(o) {
+  return Object.prototype.toString.call(o);
+}
+
+
+function pad(n) {
+  return n < 10 ? '0' + n.toString(10) : n.toString(10);
+}
+
+
+var months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep',
+              'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
+
+// 26 Feb 16:19:34
+function timestamp() {
+  var d = new Date();
+  var time = [pad(d.getHours()),
+              pad(d.getMinutes()),
+              pad(d.getSeconds())].join(':');
+  return [d.getDate(), months[d.getMonth()], time].join(' ');
+}
+
+
+// log is just a thin wrapper to console.log that prepends a timestamp
+exports.log = function() {
+  console.log('%s - %s', timestamp(), exports.format.apply(exports, arguments));
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Inherit the prototype methods from one constructor into another.
+ *
+ * The Function.prototype.inherits from lang.js rewritten as a standalone
+ * function (not on Function.prototype). NOTE: If this file is to be loaded
+ * during bootstrapping this function needs to be rewritten using some native
+ * functions as prototype setup using normal JavaScript does not work as
+ * expected during bootstrapping (see mirror.js in r114903).
+ *
+ * @param {function} ctor Constructor function which needs to inherit the
+ *     prototype.
+ * @param {function} superCtor Constructor function to inherit prototype from.
+ */
+exports.inherits = require('inherits');
+
+exports._extend = function(origin, add) {
+  // Don't do anything if add isn't an object
+  if (!add || !isObject(add)) return origin;
+
+  var keys = Object.keys(add);
+  var i = keys.length;
+  while (i--) {
+    origin[keys[i]] = add[keys[i]];
+  }
+  return origin;
+};
+
+function hasOwnProperty(obj, prop) {
+  return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop);
+}
+
+}).call(this,require('_process'),typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {})
+},{"./support/isBuffer":27,"_process":24,"inherits":26}],29:[function(require,module,exports){
+// Returns a wrapper function that returns a wrapped callback
+// The wrapper function should do some stuff, and return a
+// presumably different callback function.
+// This makes sure that own properties are retained, so that
+// decorations and such are not lost along the way.
+module.exports = wrappy
+function wrappy (fn, cb) {
+  if (fn && cb) return wrappy(fn)(cb)
+
+  if (typeof fn !== 'function')
+    throw new TypeError('need wrapper function')
+
+  Object.keys(fn).forEach(function (k) {
+    wrapper[k] = fn[k]
+  })
+
+  return wrapper
+
+  function wrapper() {
+    var args = new Array(arguments.length)
+    for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
+      args[i] = arguments[i]
+    }
+    var ret = fn.apply(this, args)
+    var cb = args[args.length-1]
+    if (typeof ret === 'function' && ret !== cb) {
+      Object.keys(cb).forEach(function (k) {
+        ret[k] = cb[k]
+      })
+    }
+    return ret
+  }
+}
+
+},{}]},{},[7])(7)
+});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e0dc159e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+"use strict";(()=>{var ge=Object.create;var W=Object.defineProperty,ye=Object.defineProperties,me=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor,ve=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors,xe=Object.getOwnPropertyNames,G=Object.getOwnPropertySymbols,Se=Object.getPrototypeOf,X=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,Qe=Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;var J=(t,e,r)=>e in t?W(t,e,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0,value:r}):t[e]=r,M=(t,e)=>{for(var r in e||(e={}))X.call(e,r)&&J(t,r,e[r]);if(G)for(var r of G(e))Qe.call(e,r)&&J(t,r,e[r]);return t},Z=(t,e)=>ye(t,ve(e));var K=(t,e)=>()=>(e||t((e={exports:{}}).exports,e),e.exports);var be=(t,e,r,n)=>{if(e&&typeof e=="object"||typeof e=="function")for(let i of xe(e))!X.call(t,i)&&i!==r&&W(t,i,{get:()=>e[i],enumerable:!(n=me(e,i))||n.enumerable});return t};var H=(t,e,r)=>(r=t!=null?ge(Se(t)):{},be(e||!t||!t.__esModule?W(r,"default",{value:t,enumerable:!0}):r,t));var z=(t,e,r)=>new Promise((n,i)=>{var s=u=>{try{a(r.next(u))}catch(c){i(c)}},o=u=>{try{a(r.throw(u))}catch(c){i(c)}},a=u=>u.done?n(u.value):Promise.resolve(u.value).then(s,o);a((r=r.apply(t,e)).next())});var re=K((ee,te)=>{/**
+ * lunr - http://lunrjs.com - A bit like Solr, but much smaller and not as bright - 2.3.9
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ * @license MIT
+ */(function(){var t=function(e){var r=new t.Builder;return r.pipeline.add(t.trimmer,t.stopWordFilter,t.stemmer),r.searchPipeline.add(t.stemmer),e.call(r,r),r.build()};t.version="2.3.9";/*!
+ * lunr.utils
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.utils={},t.utils.warn=function(e){return function(r){e.console&&console.warn&&console.warn(r)}}(this),t.utils.asString=function(e){return e==null?"":e.toString()},t.utils.clone=function(e){if(e==null)return e;for(var r=Object.create(null),n=Object.keys(e),i=0;i<n.length;i++){var s=n[i],o=e[s];if(Array.isArray(o)){r[s]=o.slice();continue}if(typeof o=="string"||typeof o=="number"||typeof o=="boolean"){r[s]=o;continue}throw new TypeError("clone is not deep and does not support nested objects")}return r},t.FieldRef=function(e,r,n){this.docRef=e,this.fieldName=r,this._stringValue=n},t.FieldRef.joiner="/",t.FieldRef.fromString=function(e){var r=e.indexOf(t.FieldRef.joiner);if(r===-1)throw"malformed field ref string";var n=e.slice(0,r),i=e.slice(r+1);return new t.FieldRef(i,n,e)},t.FieldRef.prototype.toString=function(){return this._stringValue==null&&(this._stringValue=this.fieldName+t.FieldRef.joiner+this.docRef),this._stringValue};/*!
+ * lunr.Set
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.Set=function(e){if(this.elements=Object.create(null),e){this.length=e.length;for(var r=0;r<this.length;r++)this.elements[e[r]]=!0}else this.length=0},t.Set.complete={intersect:function(e){return e},union:function(){return this},contains:function(){return!0}},t.Set.empty={intersect:function(){return this},union:function(e){return e},contains:function(){return!1}},t.Set.prototype.contains=function(e){return!!this.elements[e]},t.Set.prototype.intersect=function(e){var r,n,i,s=[];if(e===t.Set.complete)return this;if(e===t.Set.empty)return e;this.length<e.length?(r=this,n=e):(r=e,n=this),i=Object.keys(r.elements);for(var o=0;o<i.length;o++){var a=i[o];a in n.elements&&s.push(a)}return new t.Set(s)},t.Set.prototype.union=function(e){return e===t.Set.complete?t.Set.complete:e===t.Set.empty?this:new t.Set(Object.keys(this.elements).concat(Object.keys(e.elements)))},t.idf=function(e,r){var n=0;for(var i in e)i!="_index"&&(n+=Object.keys(e[i]).length);var s=(r-n+.5)/(n+.5);return Math.log(1+Math.abs(s))},t.Token=function(e,r){this.str=e||"",this.metadata=r||{}},t.Token.prototype.toString=function(){return this.str},t.Token.prototype.update=function(e){return this.str=e(this.str,this.metadata),this},t.Token.prototype.clone=function(e){return e=e||function(r){return r},new t.Token(e(this.str,this.metadata),this.metadata)};/*!
+ * lunr.tokenizer
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.tokenizer=function(e,r){if(e==null||e==null)return[];if(Array.isArray(e))return e.map(function(y){return new t.Token(t.utils.asString(y).toLowerCase(),t.utils.clone(r))});for(var n=e.toString().toLowerCase(),i=n.length,s=[],o=0,a=0;o<=i;o++){var u=n.charAt(o),c=o-a;if(u.match(t.tokenizer.separator)||o==i){if(c>0){var h=t.utils.clone(r)||{};h.position=[a,c],h.index=s.length,s.push(new t.Token(n.slice(a,o),h))}a=o+1}}return s},t.tokenizer.separator=/[\s\-]+/;/*!
+ * lunr.Pipeline
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.Pipeline=function(){this._stack=[]},t.Pipeline.registeredFunctions=Object.create(null),t.Pipeline.registerFunction=function(e,r){r in this.registeredFunctions&&t.utils.warn("Overwriting existing registered function: "+r),e.label=r,t.Pipeline.registeredFunctions[e.label]=e},t.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered=function(e){var r=e.label&&e.label in this.registeredFunctions;r||t.utils.warn(`Function is not registered with pipeline. This may cause problems when serialising the index.
+`,e)},t.Pipeline.load=function(e){var r=new t.Pipeline;return e.forEach(function(n){var i=t.Pipeline.registeredFunctions[n];if(i)r.add(i);else throw new Error("Cannot load unregistered function: "+n)}),r},t.Pipeline.prototype.add=function(){var e=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);e.forEach(function(r){t.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(r),this._stack.push(r)},this)},t.Pipeline.prototype.after=function(e,r){t.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(r);var n=this._stack.indexOf(e);if(n==-1)throw new Error("Cannot find existingFn");n=n+1,this._stack.splice(n,0,r)},t.Pipeline.prototype.before=function(e,r){t.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(r);var n=this._stack.indexOf(e);if(n==-1)throw new Error("Cannot find existingFn");this._stack.splice(n,0,r)},t.Pipeline.prototype.remove=function(e){var r=this._stack.indexOf(e);r!=-1&&this._stack.splice(r,1)},t.Pipeline.prototype.run=function(e){for(var r=this._stack.length,n=0;n<r;n++){for(var i=this._stack[n],s=[],o=0;o<e.length;o++){var a=i(e[o],o,e);if(!(a==null||a===""))if(Array.isArray(a))for(var u=0;u<a.length;u++)s.push(a[u]);else s.push(a)}e=s}return e},t.Pipeline.prototype.runString=function(e,r){var n=new t.Token(e,r);return this.run([n]).map(function(i){return i.toString()})},t.Pipeline.prototype.reset=function(){this._stack=[]},t.Pipeline.prototype.toJSON=function(){return this._stack.map(function(e){return t.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(e),e.label})};/*!
+ * lunr.Vector
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.Vector=function(e){this._magnitude=0,this.elements=e||[]},t.Vector.prototype.positionForIndex=function(e){if(this.elements.length==0)return 0;for(var r=0,n=this.elements.length/2,i=n-r,s=Math.floor(i/2),o=this.elements[s*2];i>1&&(o<e&&(r=s),o>e&&(n=s),o!=e);)i=n-r,s=r+Math.floor(i/2),o=this.elements[s*2];if(o==e||o>e)return s*2;if(o<e)return(s+1)*2},t.Vector.prototype.insert=function(e,r){this.upsert(e,r,function(){throw"duplicate index"})},t.Vector.prototype.upsert=function(e,r,n){this._magnitude=0;var i=this.positionForIndex(e);this.elements[i]==e?this.elements[i+1]=n(this.elements[i+1],r):this.elements.splice(i,0,e,r)},t.Vector.prototype.magnitude=function(){if(this._magnitude)return this._magnitude;for(var e=0,r=this.elements.length,n=1;n<r;n+=2){var i=this.elements[n];e+=i*i}return this._magnitude=Math.sqrt(e)},t.Vector.prototype.dot=function(e){for(var r=0,n=this.elements,i=e.elements,s=n.length,o=i.length,a=0,u=0,c=0,h=0;c<s&&h<o;)a=n[c],u=i[h],a<u?c+=2:a>u?h+=2:a==u&&(r+=n[c+1]*i[h+1],c+=2,h+=2);return r},t.Vector.prototype.similarity=function(e){return this.dot(e)/this.magnitude()||0},t.Vector.prototype.toArray=function(){for(var e=new Array(this.elements.length/2),r=1,n=0;r<this.elements.length;r+=2,n++)e[n]=this.elements[r];return e},t.Vector.prototype.toJSON=function(){return this.elements};/*!
+ * lunr.stemmer
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ * Includes code from - http://tartarus.org/~martin/PorterStemmer/js.txt
+ */t.stemmer=function(){var e={ational:"ate",tional:"tion",enci:"ence",anci:"ance",izer:"ize",bli:"ble",alli:"al",entli:"ent",eli:"e",ousli:"ous",ization:"ize",ation:"ate",ator:"ate",alism:"al",iveness:"ive",fulness:"ful",ousness:"ous",aliti:"al",iviti:"ive",biliti:"ble",logi:"log"},r={icate:"ic",ative:"",alize:"al",iciti:"ic",ical:"ic",ful:"",ness:""},n="[^aeiou]",i="[aeiouy]",s=n+"[^aeiouy]*",o=i+"[aeiou]*",a="^("+s+")?"+o+s,u="^("+s+")?"+o+s+"("+o+")?$",c="^("+s+")?"+o+s+o+s,h="^("+s+")?"+i,y=new RegExp(a),g=new RegExp(c),b=new RegExp(u),m=new RegExp(h),Q=/^(.+?)(ss|i)es$/,p=/^(.+?)([^s])s$/,d=/^(.+?)eed$/,w=/^(.+?)(ed|ing)$/,L=/.$/,k=/(at|bl|iz)$/,I=new RegExp("([^aeiouylsz])\\1$"),j=new RegExp("^"+s+i+"[^aeiouwxy]$"),F=/^(.+?[^aeiou])y$/,A=/^(.+?)(ational|tional|enci|anci|izer|bli|alli|entli|eli|ousli|ization|ation|ator|alism|iveness|fulness|ousness|aliti|iviti|biliti|logi)$/,N=/^(.+?)(icate|ative|alize|iciti|ical|ful|ness)$/,C=/^(.+?)(al|ance|ence|er|ic|able|ible|ant|ement|ment|ent|ou|ism|ate|iti|ous|ive|ize)$/,$=/^(.+?)(s|t)(ion)$/,T=/^(.+?)e$/,V=/ll$/,B=new RegExp("^"+s+i+"[^aeiouwxy]$"),D=function(l){var v,P,E,f,x,R,_;if(l.length<3)return l;if(E=l.substr(0,1),E=="y"&&(l=E.toUpperCase()+l.substr(1)),f=Q,x=p,f.test(l)?l=l.replace(f,"$1$2"):x.test(l)&&(l=l.replace(x,"$1$2")),f=d,x=w,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);f=y,f.test(S[1])&&(f=L,l=l.replace(f,""))}else if(x.test(l)){var S=x.exec(l);v=S[1],x=m,x.test(v)&&(l=v,x=k,R=I,_=j,x.test(l)?l=l+"e":R.test(l)?(f=L,l=l.replace(f,"")):_.test(l)&&(l=l+"e"))}if(f=F,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);v=S[1],l=v+"i"}if(f=A,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);v=S[1],P=S[2],f=y,f.test(v)&&(l=v+e[P])}if(f=N,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);v=S[1],P=S[2],f=y,f.test(v)&&(l=v+r[P])}if(f=C,x=$,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);v=S[1],f=g,f.test(v)&&(l=v)}else if(x.test(l)){var S=x.exec(l);v=S[1]+S[2],x=g,x.test(v)&&(l=v)}if(f=T,f.test(l)){var S=f.exec(l);v=S[1],f=g,x=b,R=B,(f.test(v)||x.test(v)&&!R.test(v))&&(l=v)}return f=V,x=g,f.test(l)&&x.test(l)&&(f=L,l=l.replace(f,"")),E=="y"&&(l=E.toLowerCase()+l.substr(1)),l};return function(O){return O.update(D)}}(),t.Pipeline.registerFunction(t.stemmer,"stemmer");/*!
+ * lunr.stopWordFilter
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.generateStopWordFilter=function(e){var r=e.reduce(function(n,i){return n[i]=i,n},{});return function(n){if(n&&r[n.toString()]!==n.toString())return n}},t.stopWordFilter=t.generateStopWordFilter(["a","able","about","across","after","all","almost","also","am","among","an","and","any","are","as","at","be","because","been","but","by","can","cannot","could","dear","did","do","does","either","else","ever","every","for","from","get","got","had","has","have","he","her","hers","him","his","how","however","i","if","in","into","is","it","its","just","least","let","like","likely","may","me","might","most","must","my","neither","no","nor","not","of","off","often","on","only","or","other","our","own","rather","said","say","says","she","should","since","so","some","than","that","the","their","them","then","there","these","they","this","tis","to","too","twas","us","wants","was","we","were","what","when","where","which","while","who","whom","why","will","with","would","yet","you","your"]),t.Pipeline.registerFunction(t.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter");/*!
+ * lunr.trimmer
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.trimmer=function(e){return e.update(function(r){return r.replace(/^\W+/,"").replace(/\W+$/,"")})},t.Pipeline.registerFunction(t.trimmer,"trimmer");/*!
+ * lunr.TokenSet
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.TokenSet=function(){this.final=!1,this.edges={},this.id=t.TokenSet._nextId,t.TokenSet._nextId+=1},t.TokenSet._nextId=1,t.TokenSet.fromArray=function(e){for(var r=new t.TokenSet.Builder,n=0,i=e.length;n<i;n++)r.insert(e[n]);return r.finish(),r.root},t.TokenSet.fromClause=function(e){return"editDistance"in e?t.TokenSet.fromFuzzyString(e.term,e.editDistance):t.TokenSet.fromString(e.term)},t.TokenSet.fromFuzzyString=function(e,r){for(var n=new t.TokenSet,i=[{node:n,editsRemaining:r,str:e}];i.length;){var s=i.pop();if(s.str.length>0){var o=s.str.charAt(0),a;o in s.node.edges?a=s.node.edges[o]:(a=new t.TokenSet,s.node.edges[o]=a),s.str.length==1&&(a.final=!0),i.push({node:a,editsRemaining:s.editsRemaining,str:s.str.slice(1)})}if(s.editsRemaining!=0){if("*"in s.node.edges)var u=s.node.edges["*"];else{var u=new t.TokenSet;s.node.edges["*"]=u}if(s.str.length==0&&(u.final=!0),i.push({node:u,editsRemaining:s.editsRemaining-1,str:s.str}),s.str.length>1&&i.push({node:s.node,editsRemaining:s.editsRemaining-1,str:s.str.slice(1)}),s.str.length==1&&(s.node.final=!0),s.str.length>=1){if("*"in s.node.edges)var c=s.node.edges["*"];else{var c=new t.TokenSet;s.node.edges["*"]=c}s.str.length==1&&(c.final=!0),i.push({node:c,editsRemaining:s.editsRemaining-1,str:s.str.slice(1)})}if(s.str.length>1){var h=s.str.charAt(0),y=s.str.charAt(1),g;y in s.node.edges?g=s.node.edges[y]:(g=new t.TokenSet,s.node.edges[y]=g),s.str.length==1&&(g.final=!0),i.push({node:g,editsRemaining:s.editsRemaining-1,str:h+s.str.slice(2)})}}}return n},t.TokenSet.fromString=function(e){for(var r=new t.TokenSet,n=r,i=0,s=e.length;i<s;i++){var o=e[i],a=i==s-1;if(o=="*")r.edges[o]=r,r.final=a;else{var u=new t.TokenSet;u.final=a,r.edges[o]=u,r=u}}return n},t.TokenSet.prototype.toArray=function(){for(var e=[],r=[{prefix:"",node:this}];r.length;){var n=r.pop(),i=Object.keys(n.node.edges),s=i.length;n.node.final&&(n.prefix.charAt(0),e.push(n.prefix));for(var o=0;o<s;o++){var a=i[o];r.push({prefix:n.prefix.concat(a),node:n.node.edges[a]})}}return e},t.TokenSet.prototype.toString=function(){if(this._str)return this._str;for(var e=this.final?"1":"0",r=Object.keys(this.edges).sort(),n=r.length,i=0;i<n;i++){var s=r[i],o=this.edges[s];e=e+s+o.id}return e},t.TokenSet.prototype.intersect=function(e){for(var r=new t.TokenSet,n=void 0,i=[{qNode:e,output:r,node:this}];i.length;){n=i.pop();for(var s=Object.keys(n.qNode.edges),o=s.length,a=Object.keys(n.node.edges),u=a.length,c=0;c<o;c++)for(var h=s[c],y=0;y<u;y++){var g=a[y];if(g==h||h=="*"){var b=n.node.edges[g],m=n.qNode.edges[h],Q=b.final&&m.final,p=void 0;g in n.output.edges?(p=n.output.edges[g],p.final=p.final||Q):(p=new t.TokenSet,p.final=Q,n.output.edges[g]=p),i.push({qNode:m,output:p,node:b})}}}return r},t.TokenSet.Builder=function(){this.previousWord="",this.root=new t.TokenSet,this.uncheckedNodes=[],this.minimizedNodes={}},t.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.insert=function(e){var r,n=0;if(e<this.previousWord)throw new Error("Out of order word insertion");for(var i=0;i<e.length&&i<this.previousWord.length&&e[i]==this.previousWord[i];i++)n++;this.minimize(n),this.uncheckedNodes.length==0?r=this.root:r=this.uncheckedNodes[this.uncheckedNodes.length-1].child;for(var i=n;i<e.length;i++){var s=new t.TokenSet,o=e[i];r.edges[o]=s,this.uncheckedNodes.push({parent:r,char:o,child:s}),r=s}r.final=!0,this.previousWord=e},t.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.finish=function(){this.minimize(0)},t.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.minimize=function(e){for(var r=this.uncheckedNodes.length-1;r>=e;r--){var n=this.uncheckedNodes[r],i=n.child.toString();i in this.minimizedNodes?n.parent.edges[n.char]=this.minimizedNodes[i]:(n.child._str=i,this.minimizedNodes[i]=n.child),this.uncheckedNodes.pop()}};/*!
+ * lunr.Index
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.Index=function(e){this.invertedIndex=e.invertedIndex,this.fieldVectors=e.fieldVectors,this.tokenSet=e.tokenSet,this.fields=e.fields,this.pipeline=e.pipeline},t.Index.prototype.search=function(e){return this.query(function(r){var n=new t.QueryParser(e,r);n.parse()})},t.Index.prototype.query=function(e){for(var r=new t.Query(this.fields),n=Object.create(null),i=Object.create(null),s=Object.create(null),o=Object.create(null),a=Object.create(null),u=0;u<this.fields.length;u++)i[this.fields[u]]=new t.Vector;e.call(r,r);for(var u=0;u<r.clauses.length;u++){var c=r.clauses[u],h=null,y=t.Set.empty;c.usePipeline?h=this.pipeline.runString(c.term,{fields:c.fields}):h=[c.term];for(var g=0;g<h.length;g++){var b=h[g];c.term=b;var m=t.TokenSet.fromClause(c),Q=this.tokenSet.intersect(m).toArray();if(Q.length===0&&c.presence===t.Query.presence.REQUIRED){for(var p=0;p<c.fields.length;p++){var d=c.fields[p];o[d]=t.Set.empty}break}for(var w=0;w<Q.length;w++)for(var L=Q[w],k=this.invertedIndex[L],I=k._index,p=0;p<c.fields.length;p++){var d=c.fields[p],j=k[d],F=Object.keys(j),A=L+"/"+d,N=new t.Set(F);if(c.presence==t.Query.presence.REQUIRED&&(y=y.union(N),o[d]===void 0&&(o[d]=t.Set.complete)),c.presence==t.Query.presence.PROHIBITED){a[d]===void 0&&(a[d]=t.Set.empty),a[d]=a[d].union(N);continue}if(i[d].upsert(I,c.boost,function(pe,de){return pe+de}),!s[A]){for(var C=0;C<F.length;C++){var $=F[C],T=new t.FieldRef($,d),V=j[$],B;(B=n[T])===void 0?n[T]=new t.MatchData(L,d,V):B.add(L,d,V)}s[A]=!0}}}if(c.presence===t.Query.presence.REQUIRED)for(var p=0;p<c.fields.length;p++){var d=c.fields[p];o[d]=o[d].intersect(y)}}for(var D=t.Set.complete,O=t.Set.empty,u=0;u<this.fields.length;u++){var d=this.fields[u];o[d]&&(D=D.intersect(o[d])),a[d]&&(O=O.union(a[d]))}var l=Object.keys(n),v=[],P=Object.create(null);if(r.isNegated()){l=Object.keys(this.fieldVectors);for(var u=0;u<l.length;u++){var T=l[u],E=t.FieldRef.fromString(T);n[T]=new t.MatchData}}for(var u=0;u<l.length;u++){var E=t.FieldRef.fromString(l[u]),f=E.docRef;if(!!D.contains(f)&&!O.contains(f)){var x=this.fieldVectors[E],R=i[E.fieldName].similarity(x),_;if((_=P[f])!==void 0)_.score+=R,_.matchData.combine(n[E]);else{var S={ref:f,score:R,matchData:n[E]};P[f]=S,v.push(S)}}}return v.sort(function(he,fe){return fe.score-he.score})},t.Index.prototype.toJSON=function(){var e=Object.keys(this.invertedIndex).sort().map(function(n){return[n,this.invertedIndex[n]]},this),r=Object.keys(this.fieldVectors).map(function(n){return[n,this.fieldVectors[n].toJSON()]},this);return{version:t.version,fields:this.fields,fieldVectors:r,invertedIndex:e,pipeline:this.pipeline.toJSON()}},t.Index.load=function(e){var r={},n={},i=e.fieldVectors,s=Object.create(null),o=e.invertedIndex,a=new t.TokenSet.Builder,u=t.Pipeline.load(e.pipeline);e.version!=t.version&&t.utils.warn("Version mismatch when loading serialised index. Current version of lunr '"+t.version+"' does not match serialized index '"+e.version+"'");for(var c=0;c<i.length;c++){var h=i[c],y=h[0],g=h[1];n[y]=new t.Vector(g)}for(var c=0;c<o.length;c++){var h=o[c],b=h[0],m=h[1];a.insert(b),s[b]=m}return a.finish(),r.fields=e.fields,r.fieldVectors=n,r.invertedIndex=s,r.tokenSet=a.root,r.pipeline=u,new t.Index(r)};/*!
+ * lunr.Builder
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale
+ */t.Builder=function(){this._ref="id",this._fields=Object.create(null),this._documents=Object.create(null),this.invertedIndex=Object.create(null),this.fieldTermFrequencies={},this.fieldLengths={},this.tokenizer=t.tokenizer,this.pipeline=new t.Pipeline,this.searchPipeline=new t.Pipeline,this.documentCount=0,this._b=.75,this._k1=1.2,this.termIndex=0,this.metadataWhitelist=[]},t.Builder.prototype.ref=function(e){this._ref=e},t.Builder.prototype.field=function(e,r){if(/\//.test(e))throw new RangeError("Field '"+e+"' contains illegal character '/'");this._fields[e]=r||{}},t.Builder.prototype.b=function(e){e<0?this._b=0:e>1?this._b=1:this._b=e},t.Builder.prototype.k1=function(e){this._k1=e},t.Builder.prototype.add=function(e,r){var n=e[this._ref],i=Object.keys(this._fields);this._documents[n]=r||{},this.documentCount+=1;for(var s=0;s<i.length;s++){var o=i[s],a=this._fields[o].extractor,u=a?a(e):e[o],c=this.tokenizer(u,{fields:[o]}),h=this.pipeline.run(c),y=new t.FieldRef(n,o),g=Object.create(null);this.fieldTermFrequencies[y]=g,this.fieldLengths[y]=0,this.fieldLengths[y]+=h.length;for(var b=0;b<h.length;b++){var m=h[b];if(g[m]==null&&(g[m]=0),g[m]+=1,this.invertedIndex[m]==null){var Q=Object.create(null);Q._index=this.termIndex,this.termIndex+=1;for(var p=0;p<i.length;p++)Q[i[p]]=Object.create(null);this.invertedIndex[m]=Q}this.invertedIndex[m][o][n]==null&&(this.invertedIndex[m][o][n]=Object.create(null));for(var d=0;d<this.metadataWhitelist.length;d++){var w=this.metadataWhitelist[d],L=m.metadata[w];this.invertedIndex[m][o][n][w]==null&&(this.invertedIndex[m][o][n][w]=[]),this.invertedIndex[m][o][n][w].push(L)}}}},t.Builder.prototype.calculateAverageFieldLengths=function(){for(var e=Object.keys(this.fieldLengths),r=e.length,n={},i={},s=0;s<r;s++){var o=t.FieldRef.fromString(e[s]),a=o.fieldName;i[a]||(i[a]=0),i[a]+=1,n[a]||(n[a]=0),n[a]+=this.fieldLengths[o]}for(var u=Object.keys(this._fields),s=0;s<u.length;s++){var c=u[s];n[c]=n[c]/i[c]}this.averageFieldLength=n},t.Builder.prototype.createFieldVectors=function(){for(var e={},r=Object.keys(this.fieldTermFrequencies),n=r.length,i=Object.create(null),s=0;s<n;s++){for(var o=t.FieldRef.fromString(r[s]),a=o.fieldName,u=this.fieldLengths[o],c=new t.Vector,h=this.fieldTermFrequencies[o],y=Object.keys(h),g=y.length,b=this._fields[a].boost||1,m=this._documents[o.docRef].boost||1,Q=0;Q<g;Q++){var p=y[Q],d=h[p],w=this.invertedIndex[p]._index,L,k,I;i[p]===void 0?(L=t.idf(this.invertedIndex[p],this.documentCount),i[p]=L):L=i[p],k=L*((this._k1+1)*d)/(this._k1*(1-this._b+this._b*(u/this.averageFieldLength[a]))+d),k*=b,k*=m,I=Math.round(k*1e3)/1e3,c.insert(w,I)}e[o]=c}this.fieldVectors=e},t.Builder.prototype.createTokenSet=function(){this.tokenSet=t.TokenSet.fromArray(Object.keys(this.invertedIndex).sort())},t.Builder.prototype.build=function(){return this.calculateAverageFieldLengths(),this.createFieldVectors(),this.createTokenSet(),new t.Index({invertedIndex:this.invertedIndex,fieldVectors:this.fieldVectors,tokenSet:this.tokenSet,fields:Object.keys(this._fields),pipeline:this.searchPipeline})},t.Builder.prototype.use=function(e){var r=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,1);r.unshift(this),e.apply(this,r)},t.MatchData=function(e,r,n){for(var i=Object.create(null),s=Object.keys(n||{}),o=0;o<s.length;o++){var a=s[o];i[a]=n[a].slice()}this.metadata=Object.create(null),e!==void 0&&(this.metadata[e]=Object.create(null),this.metadata[e][r]=i)},t.MatchData.prototype.combine=function(e){for(var r=Object.keys(e.metadata),n=0;n<r.length;n++){var i=r[n],s=Object.keys(e.metadata[i]);this.metadata[i]==null&&(this.metadata[i]=Object.create(null));for(var o=0;o<s.length;o++){var a=s[o],u=Object.keys(e.metadata[i][a]);this.metadata[i][a]==null&&(this.metadata[i][a]=Object.create(null));for(var c=0;c<u.length;c++){var h=u[c];this.metadata[i][a][h]==null?this.metadata[i][a][h]=e.metadata[i][a][h]:this.metadata[i][a][h]=this.metadata[i][a][h].concat(e.metadata[i][a][h])}}}},t.MatchData.prototype.add=function(e,r,n){if(!(e in this.metadata)){this.metadata[e]=Object.create(null),this.metadata[e][r]=n;return}if(!(r in this.metadata[e])){this.metadata[e][r]=n;return}for(var i=Object.keys(n),s=0;s<i.length;s++){var o=i[s];o in this.metadata[e][r]?this.metadata[e][r][o]=this.metadata[e][r][o].concat(n[o]):this.metadata[e][r][o]=n[o]}},t.Query=function(e){this.clauses=[],this.allFields=e},t.Query.wildcard=new String("*"),t.Query.wildcard.NONE=0,t.Query.wildcard.LEADING=1,t.Query.wildcard.TRAILING=2,t.Query.presence={OPTIONAL:1,REQUIRED:2,PROHIBITED:3},t.Query.prototype.clause=function(e){return"fields"in e||(e.fields=this.allFields),"boost"in e||(e.boost=1),"usePipeline"in e||(e.usePipeline=!0),"wildcard"in e||(e.wildcard=t.Query.wildcard.NONE),e.wildcard&t.Query.wildcard.LEADING&&e.term.charAt(0)!=t.Query.wildcard&&(e.term="*"+e.term),e.wildcard&t.Query.wildcard.TRAILING&&e.term.slice(-1)!=t.Query.wildcard&&(e.term=""+e.term+"*"),"presence"in e||(e.presence=t.Query.presence.OPTIONAL),this.clauses.push(e),this},t.Query.prototype.isNegated=function(){for(var e=0;e<this.clauses.length;e++)if(this.clauses[e].presence!=t.Query.presence.PROHIBITED)return!1;return!0},t.Query.prototype.term=function(e,r){if(Array.isArray(e))return e.forEach(function(i){this.term(i,t.utils.clone(r))},this),this;var n=r||{};return n.term=e.toString(),this.clause(n),this},t.QueryParseError=function(e,r,n){this.name="QueryParseError",this.message=e,this.start=r,this.end=n},t.QueryParseError.prototype=new Error,t.QueryLexer=function(e){this.lexemes=[],this.str=e,this.length=e.length,this.pos=0,this.start=0,this.escapeCharPositions=[]},t.QueryLexer.prototype.run=function(){for(var e=t.QueryLexer.lexText;e;)e=e(this)},t.QueryLexer.prototype.sliceString=function(){for(var e=[],r=this.start,n=this.pos,i=0;i<this.escapeCharPositions.length;i++)n=this.escapeCharPositions[i],e.push(this.str.slice(r,n)),r=n+1;return e.push(this.str.slice(r,this.pos)),this.escapeCharPositions.length=0,e.join("")},t.QueryLexer.prototype.emit=function(e){this.lexemes.push({type:e,str:this.sliceString(),start:this.start,end:this.pos}),this.start=this.pos},t.QueryLexer.prototype.escapeCharacter=function(){this.escapeCharPositions.push(this.pos-1),this.pos+=1},t.QueryLexer.prototype.next=function(){if(this.pos>=this.length)return t.QueryLexer.EOS;var e=this.str.charAt(this.pos);return this.pos+=1,e},t.QueryLexer.prototype.width=function(){return this.pos-this.start},t.QueryLexer.prototype.ignore=function(){this.start==this.pos&&(this.pos+=1),this.start=this.pos},t.QueryLexer.prototype.backup=function(){this.pos-=1},t.QueryLexer.prototype.acceptDigitRun=function(){var e,r;do e=this.next(),r=e.charCodeAt(0);while(r>47&&r<58);e!=t.QueryLexer.EOS&&this.backup()},t.QueryLexer.prototype.more=function(){return this.pos<this.length},t.QueryLexer.EOS="EOS",t.QueryLexer.FIELD="FIELD",t.QueryLexer.TERM="TERM",t.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE="EDIT_DISTANCE",t.QueryLexer.BOOST="BOOST",t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE="PRESENCE",t.QueryLexer.lexField=function(e){return e.backup(),e.emit(t.QueryLexer.FIELD),e.ignore(),t.QueryLexer.lexText},t.QueryLexer.lexTerm=function(e){if(e.width()>1&&(e.backup(),e.emit(t.QueryLexer.TERM)),e.ignore(),e.more())return t.QueryLexer.lexText},t.QueryLexer.lexEditDistance=function(e){return e.ignore(),e.acceptDigitRun(),e.emit(t.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE),t.QueryLexer.lexText},t.QueryLexer.lexBoost=function(e){return e.ignore(),e.acceptDigitRun(),e.emit(t.QueryLexer.BOOST),t.QueryLexer.lexText},t.QueryLexer.lexEOS=function(e){e.width()>0&&e.emit(t.QueryLexer.TERM)},t.QueryLexer.termSeparator=t.tokenizer.separator,t.QueryLexer.lexText=function(e){for(;;){var r=e.next();if(r==t.QueryLexer.EOS)return t.QueryLexer.lexEOS;if(r.charCodeAt(0)==92){e.escapeCharacter();continue}if(r==":")return t.QueryLexer.lexField;if(r=="~")return e.backup(),e.width()>0&&e.emit(t.QueryLexer.TERM),t.QueryLexer.lexEditDistance;if(r=="^")return e.backup(),e.width()>0&&e.emit(t.QueryLexer.TERM),t.QueryLexer.lexBoost;if(r=="+"&&e.width()===1||r=="-"&&e.width()===1)return e.emit(t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE),t.QueryLexer.lexText;if(r.match(t.QueryLexer.termSeparator))return t.QueryLexer.lexTerm}},t.QueryParser=function(e,r){this.lexer=new t.QueryLexer(e),this.query=r,this.currentClause={},this.lexemeIdx=0},t.QueryParser.prototype.parse=function(){this.lexer.run(),this.lexemes=this.lexer.lexemes;for(var e=t.QueryParser.parseClause;e;)e=e(this);return this.query},t.QueryParser.prototype.peekLexeme=function(){return this.lexemes[this.lexemeIdx]},t.QueryParser.prototype.consumeLexeme=function(){var e=this.peekLexeme();return this.lexemeIdx+=1,e},t.QueryParser.prototype.nextClause=function(){var e=this.currentClause;this.query.clause(e),this.currentClause={}},t.QueryParser.parseClause=function(e){var r=e.peekLexeme();if(r!=null)switch(r.type){case t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:return t.QueryParser.parsePresence;case t.QueryLexer.FIELD:return t.QueryParser.parseField;case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return t.QueryParser.parseTerm;default:var n="expected either a field or a term, found "+r.type;throw r.str.length>=1&&(n+=" with value '"+r.str+"'"),new t.QueryParseError(n,r.start,r.end)}},t.QueryParser.parsePresence=function(e){var r=e.consumeLexeme();if(r!=null){switch(r.str){case"-":e.currentClause.presence=t.Query.presence.PROHIBITED;break;case"+":e.currentClause.presence=t.Query.presence.REQUIRED;break;default:var n="unrecognised presence operator'"+r.str+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(n,r.start,r.end)}var i=e.peekLexeme();if(i==null){var n="expecting term or field, found nothing";throw new t.QueryParseError(n,r.start,r.end)}switch(i.type){case t.QueryLexer.FIELD:return t.QueryParser.parseField;case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return t.QueryParser.parseTerm;default:var n="expecting term or field, found '"+i.type+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(n,i.start,i.end)}}},t.QueryParser.parseField=function(e){var r=e.consumeLexeme();if(r!=null){if(e.query.allFields.indexOf(r.str)==-1){var n=e.query.allFields.map(function(o){return"'"+o+"'"}).join(", "),i="unrecognised field '"+r.str+"', possible fields: "+n;throw new t.QueryParseError(i,r.start,r.end)}e.currentClause.fields=[r.str];var s=e.peekLexeme();if(s==null){var i="expecting term, found nothing";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,r.start,r.end)}switch(s.type){case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return t.QueryParser.parseTerm;default:var i="expecting term, found '"+s.type+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,s.start,s.end)}}},t.QueryParser.parseTerm=function(e){var r=e.consumeLexeme();if(r!=null){e.currentClause.term=r.str.toLowerCase(),r.str.indexOf("*")!=-1&&(e.currentClause.usePipeline=!1);var n=e.peekLexeme();if(n==null){e.nextClause();return}switch(n.type){case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseTerm;case t.QueryLexer.FIELD:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseField;case t.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:return t.QueryParser.parseEditDistance;case t.QueryLexer.BOOST:return t.QueryParser.parseBoost;case t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parsePresence;default:var i="Unexpected lexeme type '"+n.type+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,n.start,n.end)}}},t.QueryParser.parseEditDistance=function(e){var r=e.consumeLexeme();if(r!=null){var n=parseInt(r.str,10);if(isNaN(n)){var i="edit distance must be numeric";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,r.start,r.end)}e.currentClause.editDistance=n;var s=e.peekLexeme();if(s==null){e.nextClause();return}switch(s.type){case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseTerm;case t.QueryLexer.FIELD:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseField;case t.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:return t.QueryParser.parseEditDistance;case t.QueryLexer.BOOST:return t.QueryParser.parseBoost;case t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parsePresence;default:var i="Unexpected lexeme type '"+s.type+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,s.start,s.end)}}},t.QueryParser.parseBoost=function(e){var r=e.consumeLexeme();if(r!=null){var n=parseInt(r.str,10);if(isNaN(n)){var i="boost must be numeric";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,r.start,r.end)}e.currentClause.boost=n;var s=e.peekLexeme();if(s==null){e.nextClause();return}switch(s.type){case t.QueryLexer.TERM:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseTerm;case t.QueryLexer.FIELD:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parseField;case t.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:return t.QueryParser.parseEditDistance;case t.QueryLexer.BOOST:return t.QueryParser.parseBoost;case t.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:return e.nextClause(),t.QueryParser.parsePresence;default:var i="Unexpected lexeme type '"+s.type+"'";throw new t.QueryParseError(i,s.start,s.end)}}},function(e,r){typeof define=="function"&&define.amd?define(r):typeof ee=="object"?te.exports=r():e.lunr=r()}(this,function(){return t})})()});var q=K((Re,ne)=>{"use strict";/*!
+ * escape-html
+ * Copyright(c) 2012-2013 TJ Holowaychuk
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Andreas Lubbe
+ * Copyright(c) 2015 Tiancheng "Timothy" Gu
+ * MIT Licensed
+ */var Le=/["'&<>]/;ne.exports=we;function we(t){var e=""+t,r=Le.exec(e);if(!r)return e;var n,i="",s=0,o=0;for(s=r.index;s<e.length;s++){switch(e.charCodeAt(s)){case 34:n="&quot;";break;case 38:n="&amp;";break;case 39:n="&#39;";break;case 60:n="&lt;";break;case 62:n="&gt;";break;default:continue}o!==s&&(i+=e.substring(o,s)),o=s+1,i+=n}return o!==s?i+e.substring(o,s):i}});var le=H(re());Object.entries||(Object.entries=function(t){let e=[];for(let r of Object.keys(t))e.push([r,t[r]]);return e});Object.values||(Object.values=function(t){let e=[];for(let r of Object.keys(t))e.push(t[r]);return e});typeof Element!="undefined"&&(Element.prototype.scrollTo||(Element.prototype.scrollTo=function(t,e){typeof t=="object"?(this.scrollLeft=t.left,this.scrollTop=t.top):(this.scrollLeft=t,this.scrollTop=e)}),Element.prototype.replaceWith||(Element.prototype.replaceWith=function(...t){let e=this.parentNode;if(e){t.length===0&&e.removeChild(this);for(let r=t.length-1;r>=0;r--){let n=t[r];typeof n=="string"?n=document.createTextNode(n):n.parentNode&&n.parentNode.removeChild(n),r?e.insertBefore(this.previousSibling,n):e.replaceChild(n,this)}}}));var ie=H(q());function se(t){let e=new Map,r=new Set;for(let n of t){let[i,s]=n.location.split("#"),o=n.location,a=n.title,u=n.tags,c=(0,ie.default)(n.text).replace(/\s+(?=[,.:;!?])/g,"").replace(/\s+/g," ");if(s){let h=e.get(i);r.has(h)?e.set(o,{location:o,title:a,text:c,parent:h}):(h.title=n.title,h.text=c,r.add(h))}else e.set(o,M({location:o,title:a,text:c},u&&{tags:u}))}return e}var oe=H(q());function ae(t,e){let r=new RegExp(t.separator,"img"),n=(i,s,o)=>`${s}<mark data-md-highlight>${o}</mark>`;return i=>{i=i.replace(/[\s*+\-:~^]+/g," ").trim();let s=new RegExp(`(^|${t.separator})(${i.replace(/[|\\{}()[\]^$+*?.-]/g,"\\$&").replace(r,"|")})`,"img");return o=>(e?(0,oe.default)(o):o).replace(s,n).replace(/<\/mark>(\s+)<mark[^>]*>/img,"$1")}}function ue(t){let e=new lunr.Query(["title","text"]);return new lunr.QueryParser(t,e).parse(),e.clauses}function ce(t,e){var i;let r=new Set(t),n={};for(let s=0;s<e.length;s++)for(let o of r)e[s].startsWith(o.term)&&(n[o.term]=!0,r.delete(o));for(let s of r)(i=lunr.stopWordFilter)!=null&&i.call(lunr,s.term)&&(n[s.term]=!1);return n}function Ee(t,e){let[r,n]=[new Set(t),new Set(e)];return[...new Set([...r].filter(i=>!n.has(i)))]}var U=class{constructor({config:e,docs:r,options:n}){this.options=n,this.documents=se(r),this.highlight=ae(e,!1),lunr.tokenizer.separator=new RegExp(e.separator),this.index=lunr(function(){e.lang.length===1&&e.lang[0]!=="en"?this.use(lunr[e.lang[0]]):e.lang.length>1&&this.use(lunr.multiLanguage(...e.lang));let i=Ee(["trimmer","stopWordFilter","stemmer"],n.pipeline);for(let s of e.lang.map(o=>o==="en"?lunr:lunr[o]))for(let o of i)this.pipeline.remove(s[o]),this.searchPipeline.remove(s[o]);this.ref("location"),this.field("title",{boost:1e3}),this.field("text"),this.field("tags",{boost:1e6,extractor:s=>{let{tags:o=[]}=s;return o.reduce((a,u)=>[...a,...lunr.tokenizer(u)],[])}});for(let s of r)this.add(s,{boost:s.boost})})}search(e){if(e)try{let r=this.highlight(e),n=ue(e).filter(o=>o.presence!==lunr.Query.presence.PROHIBITED),i=this.index.search(`${e}*`).reduce((o,{ref:a,score:u,matchData:c})=>{let h=this.documents.get(a);if(typeof h!="undefined"){let{location:y,title:g,text:b,tags:m,parent:Q}=h,p=ce(n,Object.keys(c.metadata)),d=+!Q+ +Object.values(p).every(w=>w);o.push(Z(M({location:y,title:r(g),text:r(b)},m&&{tags:m.map(r)}),{score:u*(1+d),terms:p}))}return o},[]).sort((o,a)=>a.score-o.score).reduce((o,a)=>{let u=this.documents.get(a.location);if(typeof u!="undefined"){let c="parent"in u?u.parent.location:u.location;o.set(c,[...o.get(c)||[],a])}return o},new Map),s;if(this.options.suggestions){let o=this.index.query(a=>{for(let u of n)a.term(u.term,{fields:["title"],presence:lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED,wildcard:lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING})});s=o.length?Object.keys(o[0].matchData.metadata):[]}return M({items:[...i.values()]},typeof s!="undefined"&&{suggestions:s})}catch(r){console.warn(`Invalid query: ${e} \u2013 see https://bit.ly/2s3ChXG`)}return{items:[]}}};var Y;function ke(t){return z(this,null,function*(){let e="../lunr";if(typeof parent!="undefined"&&"IFrameWorker"in parent){let n=document.querySelector("script[src]"),[i]=n.src.split("/worker");e=e.replace("..",i)}let r=[];for(let n of t.lang){switch(n){case"ja":r.push(`${e}/tinyseg.js`);break;case"hi":case"th":r.push(`${e}/wordcut.js`);break}n!=="en"&&r.push(`${e}/min/lunr.${n}.min.js`)}t.lang.length>1&&r.push(`${e}/min/lunr.multi.min.js`),r.length&&(yield importScripts(`${e}/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js`,...r))})}function Te(t){return z(this,null,function*(){switch(t.type){case 0:return yield ke(t.data.config),Y=new U(t.data),{type:1};case 2:return{type:3,data:Y?Y.search(t.data):{items:[]}};default:throw new TypeError("Invalid message type")}})}self.lunr=le.default;addEventListener("message",t=>z(void 0,null,function*(){postMessage(yield Te(t.data))}));})();
+//# sourceMappingURL=search.16e2a7d4.min.js.map
+
diff --git a/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js.map b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa01f374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js.map
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "version": 3,
+  "sources": ["node_modules/lunr/lunr.js", "node_modules/escape-html/index.js", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/worker/main/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/polyfills/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/document/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/highlighter/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/query/_/index.ts", "src/assets/javascripts/integrations/search/_/index.ts"],
+  "sourceRoot": "../../../..",
+  "sourcesContent": ["/**\n * lunr - http://lunrjs.com - A bit like Solr, but much smaller and not as bright - 2.3.9\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n * @license MIT\n */\n\n;(function(){\n\n/**\n * A convenience function for configuring and constructing\n * a new lunr Index.\n *\n * A lunr.Builder instance is created and the pipeline setup\n * with a trimmer, stop word filter and stemmer.\n *\n * This builder object is yielded to the configuration function\n * that is passed as a parameter, allowing the list of fields\n * and other builder parameters to be customised.\n *\n * All documents _must_ be added within the passed config function.\n *\n * @example\n * var idx = lunr(function () {\n *   this.field('title')\n *   this.field('body')\n *   this.ref('id')\n *\n *   documents.forEach(function (doc) {\n *     this.add(doc)\n *   }, this)\n * })\n *\n * @see {@link lunr.Builder}\n * @see {@link lunr.Pipeline}\n * @see {@link lunr.trimmer}\n * @see {@link lunr.stopWordFilter}\n * @see {@link lunr.stemmer}\n * @namespace {function} lunr\n */\nvar lunr = function (config) {\n  var builder = new lunr.Builder\n\n  builder.pipeline.add(\n    lunr.trimmer,\n    lunr.stopWordFilter,\n    lunr.stemmer\n  )\n\n  builder.searchPipeline.add(\n    lunr.stemmer\n  )\n\n  config.call(builder, builder)\n  return builder.build()\n}\n\nlunr.version = \"2.3.9\"\n/*!\n * lunr.utils\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * A namespace containing utils for the rest of the lunr library\n * @namespace lunr.utils\n */\nlunr.utils = {}\n\n/**\n * Print a warning message to the console.\n *\n * @param {String} message The message to be printed.\n * @memberOf lunr.utils\n * @function\n */\nlunr.utils.warn = (function (global) {\n  /* eslint-disable no-console */\n  return function (message) {\n    if (global.console && console.warn) {\n      console.warn(message)\n    }\n  }\n  /* eslint-enable no-console */\n})(this)\n\n/**\n * Convert an object to a string.\n *\n * In the case of `null` and `undefined` the function returns\n * the empty string, in all other cases the result of calling\n * `toString` on the passed object is returned.\n *\n * @param {Any} obj The object to convert to a string.\n * @return {String} string representation of the passed object.\n * @memberOf lunr.utils\n */\nlunr.utils.asString = function (obj) {\n  if (obj === void 0 || obj === null) {\n    return \"\"\n  } else {\n    return obj.toString()\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Clones an object.\n *\n * Will create a copy of an existing object such that any mutations\n * on the copy cannot affect the original.\n *\n * Only shallow objects are supported, passing a nested object to this\n * function will cause a TypeError.\n *\n * Objects with primitives, and arrays of primitives are supported.\n *\n * @param {Object} obj The object to clone.\n * @return {Object} a clone of the passed object.\n * @throws {TypeError} when a nested object is passed.\n * @memberOf Utils\n */\nlunr.utils.clone = function (obj) {\n  if (obj === null || obj === undefined) {\n    return obj\n  }\n\n  var clone = Object.create(null),\n      keys = Object.keys(obj)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {\n    var key = keys[i],\n        val = obj[key]\n\n    if (Array.isArray(val)) {\n      clone[key] = val.slice()\n      continue\n    }\n\n    if (typeof val === 'string' ||\n        typeof val === 'number' ||\n        typeof val === 'boolean') {\n      clone[key] = val\n      continue\n    }\n\n    throw new TypeError(\"clone is not deep and does not support nested objects\")\n  }\n\n  return clone\n}\nlunr.FieldRef = function (docRef, fieldName, stringValue) {\n  this.docRef = docRef\n  this.fieldName = fieldName\n  this._stringValue = stringValue\n}\n\nlunr.FieldRef.joiner = \"/\"\n\nlunr.FieldRef.fromString = function (s) {\n  var n = s.indexOf(lunr.FieldRef.joiner)\n\n  if (n === -1) {\n    throw \"malformed field ref string\"\n  }\n\n  var fieldRef = s.slice(0, n),\n      docRef = s.slice(n + 1)\n\n  return new lunr.FieldRef (docRef, fieldRef, s)\n}\n\nlunr.FieldRef.prototype.toString = function () {\n  if (this._stringValue == undefined) {\n    this._stringValue = this.fieldName + lunr.FieldRef.joiner + this.docRef\n  }\n\n  return this._stringValue\n}\n/*!\n * lunr.Set\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * A lunr set.\n *\n * @constructor\n */\nlunr.Set = function (elements) {\n  this.elements = Object.create(null)\n\n  if (elements) {\n    this.length = elements.length\n\n    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {\n      this.elements[elements[i]] = true\n    }\n  } else {\n    this.length = 0\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * A complete set that contains all elements.\n *\n * @static\n * @readonly\n * @type {lunr.Set}\n */\nlunr.Set.complete = {\n  intersect: function (other) {\n    return other\n  },\n\n  union: function () {\n    return this\n  },\n\n  contains: function () {\n    return true\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * An empty set that contains no elements.\n *\n * @static\n * @readonly\n * @type {lunr.Set}\n */\nlunr.Set.empty = {\n  intersect: function () {\n    return this\n  },\n\n  union: function (other) {\n    return other\n  },\n\n  contains: function () {\n    return false\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns true if this set contains the specified object.\n *\n * @param {object} object - Object whose presence in this set is to be tested.\n * @returns {boolean} - True if this set contains the specified object.\n */\nlunr.Set.prototype.contains = function (object) {\n  return !!this.elements[object]\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns a new set containing only the elements that are present in both\n * this set and the specified set.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Set} other - set to intersect with this set.\n * @returns {lunr.Set} a new set that is the intersection of this and the specified set.\n */\n\nlunr.Set.prototype.intersect = function (other) {\n  var a, b, elements, intersection = []\n\n  if (other === lunr.Set.complete) {\n    return this\n  }\n\n  if (other === lunr.Set.empty) {\n    return other\n  }\n\n  if (this.length < other.length) {\n    a = this\n    b = other\n  } else {\n    a = other\n    b = this\n  }\n\n  elements = Object.keys(a.elements)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {\n    var element = elements[i]\n    if (element in b.elements) {\n      intersection.push(element)\n    }\n  }\n\n  return new lunr.Set (intersection)\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns a new set combining the elements of this and the specified set.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Set} other - set to union with this set.\n * @return {lunr.Set} a new set that is the union of this and the specified set.\n */\n\nlunr.Set.prototype.union = function (other) {\n  if (other === lunr.Set.complete) {\n    return lunr.Set.complete\n  }\n\n  if (other === lunr.Set.empty) {\n    return this\n  }\n\n  return new lunr.Set(Object.keys(this.elements).concat(Object.keys(other.elements)))\n}\n/**\n * A function to calculate the inverse document frequency for\n * a posting. This is shared between the builder and the index\n *\n * @private\n * @param {object} posting - The posting for a given term\n * @param {number} documentCount - The total number of documents.\n */\nlunr.idf = function (posting, documentCount) {\n  var documentsWithTerm = 0\n\n  for (var fieldName in posting) {\n    if (fieldName == '_index') continue // Ignore the term index, its not a field\n    documentsWithTerm += Object.keys(posting[fieldName]).length\n  }\n\n  var x = (documentCount - documentsWithTerm + 0.5) / (documentsWithTerm + 0.5)\n\n  return Math.log(1 + Math.abs(x))\n}\n\n/**\n * A token wraps a string representation of a token\n * as it is passed through the text processing pipeline.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @param {string} [str=''] - The string token being wrapped.\n * @param {object} [metadata={}] - Metadata associated with this token.\n */\nlunr.Token = function (str, metadata) {\n  this.str = str || \"\"\n  this.metadata = metadata || {}\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns the token string that is being wrapped by this object.\n *\n * @returns {string}\n */\nlunr.Token.prototype.toString = function () {\n  return this.str\n}\n\n/**\n * A token update function is used when updating or optionally\n * when cloning a token.\n *\n * @callback lunr.Token~updateFunction\n * @param {string} str - The string representation of the token.\n * @param {Object} metadata - All metadata associated with this token.\n */\n\n/**\n * Applies the given function to the wrapped string token.\n *\n * @example\n * token.update(function (str, metadata) {\n *   return str.toUpperCase()\n * })\n *\n * @param {lunr.Token~updateFunction} fn - A function to apply to the token string.\n * @returns {lunr.Token}\n */\nlunr.Token.prototype.update = function (fn) {\n  this.str = fn(this.str, this.metadata)\n  return this\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a clone of this token. Optionally a function can be\n * applied to the cloned token.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Token~updateFunction} [fn] - An optional function to apply to the cloned token.\n * @returns {lunr.Token}\n */\nlunr.Token.prototype.clone = function (fn) {\n  fn = fn || function (s) { return s }\n  return new lunr.Token (fn(this.str, this.metadata), this.metadata)\n}\n/*!\n * lunr.tokenizer\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * A function for splitting a string into tokens ready to be inserted into\n * the search index. Uses `lunr.tokenizer.separator` to split strings, change\n * the value of this property to change how strings are split into tokens.\n *\n * This tokenizer will convert its parameter to a string by calling `toString` and\n * then will split this string on the character in `lunr.tokenizer.separator`.\n * Arrays will have their elements converted to strings and wrapped in a lunr.Token.\n *\n * Optional metadata can be passed to the tokenizer, this metadata will be cloned and\n * added as metadata to every token that is created from the object to be tokenized.\n *\n * @static\n * @param {?(string|object|object[])} obj - The object to convert into tokens\n * @param {?object} metadata - Optional metadata to associate with every token\n * @returns {lunr.Token[]}\n * @see {@link lunr.Pipeline}\n */\nlunr.tokenizer = function (obj, metadata) {\n  if (obj == null || obj == undefined) {\n    return []\n  }\n\n  if (Array.isArray(obj)) {\n    return obj.map(function (t) {\n      return new lunr.Token(\n        lunr.utils.asString(t).toLowerCase(),\n        lunr.utils.clone(metadata)\n      )\n    })\n  }\n\n  var str = obj.toString().toLowerCase(),\n      len = str.length,\n      tokens = []\n\n  for (var sliceEnd = 0, sliceStart = 0; sliceEnd <= len; sliceEnd++) {\n    var char = str.charAt(sliceEnd),\n        sliceLength = sliceEnd - sliceStart\n\n    if ((char.match(lunr.tokenizer.separator) || sliceEnd == len)) {\n\n      if (sliceLength > 0) {\n        var tokenMetadata = lunr.utils.clone(metadata) || {}\n        tokenMetadata[\"position\"] = [sliceStart, sliceLength]\n        tokenMetadata[\"index\"] = tokens.length\n\n        tokens.push(\n          new lunr.Token (\n            str.slice(sliceStart, sliceEnd),\n            tokenMetadata\n          )\n        )\n      }\n\n      sliceStart = sliceEnd + 1\n    }\n\n  }\n\n  return tokens\n}\n\n/**\n * The separator used to split a string into tokens. Override this property to change the behaviour of\n * `lunr.tokenizer` behaviour when tokenizing strings. By default this splits on whitespace and hyphens.\n *\n * @static\n * @see lunr.tokenizer\n */\nlunr.tokenizer.separator = /[\\s\\-]+/\n/*!\n * lunr.Pipeline\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * lunr.Pipelines maintain an ordered list of functions to be applied to all\n * tokens in documents entering the search index and queries being ran against\n * the index.\n *\n * An instance of lunr.Index created with the lunr shortcut will contain a\n * pipeline with a stop word filter and an English language stemmer. Extra\n * functions can be added before or after either of these functions or these\n * default functions can be removed.\n *\n * When run the pipeline will call each function in turn, passing a token, the\n * index of that token in the original list of all tokens and finally a list of\n * all the original tokens.\n *\n * The output of functions in the pipeline will be passed to the next function\n * in the pipeline. To exclude a token from entering the index the function\n * should return undefined, the rest of the pipeline will not be called with\n * this token.\n *\n * For serialisation of pipelines to work, all functions used in an instance of\n * a pipeline should be registered with lunr.Pipeline. Registered functions can\n * then be loaded. If trying to load a serialised pipeline that uses functions\n * that are not registered an error will be thrown.\n *\n * If not planning on serialising the pipeline then registering pipeline functions\n * is not necessary.\n *\n * @constructor\n */\nlunr.Pipeline = function () {\n  this._stack = []\n}\n\nlunr.Pipeline.registeredFunctions = Object.create(null)\n\n/**\n * A pipeline function maps lunr.Token to lunr.Token. A lunr.Token contains the token\n * string as well as all known metadata. A pipeline function can mutate the token string\n * or mutate (or add) metadata for a given token.\n *\n * A pipeline function can indicate that the passed token should be discarded by returning\n * null, undefined or an empty string. This token will not be passed to any downstream pipeline\n * functions and will not be added to the index.\n *\n * Multiple tokens can be returned by returning an array of tokens. Each token will be passed\n * to any downstream pipeline functions and all will returned tokens will be added to the index.\n *\n * Any number of pipeline functions may be chained together using a lunr.Pipeline.\n *\n * @interface lunr.PipelineFunction\n * @param {lunr.Token} token - A token from the document being processed.\n * @param {number} i - The index of this token in the complete list of tokens for this document/field.\n * @param {lunr.Token[]} tokens - All tokens for this document/field.\n * @returns {(?lunr.Token|lunr.Token[])}\n */\n\n/**\n * Register a function with the pipeline.\n *\n * Functions that are used in the pipeline should be registered if the pipeline\n * needs to be serialised, or a serialised pipeline needs to be loaded.\n *\n * Registering a function does not add it to a pipeline, functions must still be\n * added to instances of the pipeline for them to be used when running a pipeline.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} fn - The function to check for.\n * @param {String} label - The label to register this function with\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.registerFunction = function (fn, label) {\n  if (label in this.registeredFunctions) {\n    lunr.utils.warn('Overwriting existing registered function: ' + label)\n  }\n\n  fn.label = label\n  lunr.Pipeline.registeredFunctions[fn.label] = fn\n}\n\n/**\n * Warns if the function is not registered as a Pipeline function.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} fn - The function to check for.\n * @private\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered = function (fn) {\n  var isRegistered = fn.label && (fn.label in this.registeredFunctions)\n\n  if (!isRegistered) {\n    lunr.utils.warn('Function is not registered with pipeline. This may cause problems when serialising the index.\\n', fn)\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Loads a previously serialised pipeline.\n *\n * All functions to be loaded must already be registered with lunr.Pipeline.\n * If any function from the serialised data has not been registered then an\n * error will be thrown.\n *\n * @param {Object} serialised - The serialised pipeline to load.\n * @returns {lunr.Pipeline}\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.load = function (serialised) {\n  var pipeline = new lunr.Pipeline\n\n  serialised.forEach(function (fnName) {\n    var fn = lunr.Pipeline.registeredFunctions[fnName]\n\n    if (fn) {\n      pipeline.add(fn)\n    } else {\n      throw new Error('Cannot load unregistered function: ' + fnName)\n    }\n  })\n\n  return pipeline\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds new functions to the end of the pipeline.\n *\n * Logs a warning if the function has not been registered.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction[]} functions - Any number of functions to add to the pipeline.\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.add = function () {\n  var fns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)\n\n  fns.forEach(function (fn) {\n    lunr.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(fn)\n    this._stack.push(fn)\n  }, this)\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds a single function after a function that already exists in the\n * pipeline.\n *\n * Logs a warning if the function has not been registered.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} existingFn - A function that already exists in the pipeline.\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} newFn - The new function to add to the pipeline.\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.after = function (existingFn, newFn) {\n  lunr.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(newFn)\n\n  var pos = this._stack.indexOf(existingFn)\n  if (pos == -1) {\n    throw new Error('Cannot find existingFn')\n  }\n\n  pos = pos + 1\n  this._stack.splice(pos, 0, newFn)\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds a single function before a function that already exists in the\n * pipeline.\n *\n * Logs a warning if the function has not been registered.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} existingFn - A function that already exists in the pipeline.\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} newFn - The new function to add to the pipeline.\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.before = function (existingFn, newFn) {\n  lunr.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(newFn)\n\n  var pos = this._stack.indexOf(existingFn)\n  if (pos == -1) {\n    throw new Error('Cannot find existingFn')\n  }\n\n  this._stack.splice(pos, 0, newFn)\n}\n\n/**\n * Removes a function from the pipeline.\n *\n * @param {lunr.PipelineFunction} fn The function to remove from the pipeline.\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.remove = function (fn) {\n  var pos = this._stack.indexOf(fn)\n  if (pos == -1) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  this._stack.splice(pos, 1)\n}\n\n/**\n * Runs the current list of functions that make up the pipeline against the\n * passed tokens.\n *\n * @param {Array} tokens The tokens to run through the pipeline.\n * @returns {Array}\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.run = function (tokens) {\n  var stackLength = this._stack.length\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < stackLength; i++) {\n    var fn = this._stack[i]\n    var memo = []\n\n    for (var j = 0; j < tokens.length; j++) {\n      var result = fn(tokens[j], j, tokens)\n\n      if (result === null || result === void 0 || result === '') continue\n\n      if (Array.isArray(result)) {\n        for (var k = 0; k < result.length; k++) {\n          memo.push(result[k])\n        }\n      } else {\n        memo.push(result)\n      }\n    }\n\n    tokens = memo\n  }\n\n  return tokens\n}\n\n/**\n * Convenience method for passing a string through a pipeline and getting\n * strings out. This method takes care of wrapping the passed string in a\n * token and mapping the resulting tokens back to strings.\n *\n * @param {string} str - The string to pass through the pipeline.\n * @param {?object} metadata - Optional metadata to associate with the token\n * passed to the pipeline.\n * @returns {string[]}\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.runString = function (str, metadata) {\n  var token = new lunr.Token (str, metadata)\n\n  return this.run([token]).map(function (t) {\n    return t.toString()\n  })\n}\n\n/**\n * Resets the pipeline by removing any existing processors.\n *\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.reset = function () {\n  this._stack = []\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns a representation of the pipeline ready for serialisation.\n *\n * Logs a warning if the function has not been registered.\n *\n * @returns {Array}\n */\nlunr.Pipeline.prototype.toJSON = function () {\n  return this._stack.map(function (fn) {\n    lunr.Pipeline.warnIfFunctionNotRegistered(fn)\n\n    return fn.label\n  })\n}\n/*!\n * lunr.Vector\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * A vector is used to construct the vector space of documents and queries. These\n * vectors support operations to determine the similarity between two documents or\n * a document and a query.\n *\n * Normally no parameters are required for initializing a vector, but in the case of\n * loading a previously dumped vector the raw elements can be provided to the constructor.\n *\n * For performance reasons vectors are implemented with a flat array, where an elements\n * index is immediately followed by its value. E.g. [index, value, index, value]. This\n * allows the underlying array to be as sparse as possible and still offer decent\n * performance when being used for vector calculations.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @param {Number[]} [elements] - The flat list of element index and element value pairs.\n */\nlunr.Vector = function (elements) {\n  this._magnitude = 0\n  this.elements = elements || []\n}\n\n\n/**\n * Calculates the position within the vector to insert a given index.\n *\n * This is used internally by insert and upsert. If there are duplicate indexes then\n * the position is returned as if the value for that index were to be updated, but it\n * is the callers responsibility to check whether there is a duplicate at that index\n *\n * @param {Number} insertIdx - The index at which the element should be inserted.\n * @returns {Number}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.positionForIndex = function (index) {\n  // For an empty vector the tuple can be inserted at the beginning\n  if (this.elements.length == 0) {\n    return 0\n  }\n\n  var start = 0,\n      end = this.elements.length / 2,\n      sliceLength = end - start,\n      pivotPoint = Math.floor(sliceLength / 2),\n      pivotIndex = this.elements[pivotPoint * 2]\n\n  while (sliceLength > 1) {\n    if (pivotIndex < index) {\n      start = pivotPoint\n    }\n\n    if (pivotIndex > index) {\n      end = pivotPoint\n    }\n\n    if (pivotIndex == index) {\n      break\n    }\n\n    sliceLength = end - start\n    pivotPoint = start + Math.floor(sliceLength / 2)\n    pivotIndex = this.elements[pivotPoint * 2]\n  }\n\n  if (pivotIndex == index) {\n    return pivotPoint * 2\n  }\n\n  if (pivotIndex > index) {\n    return pivotPoint * 2\n  }\n\n  if (pivotIndex < index) {\n    return (pivotPoint + 1) * 2\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Inserts an element at an index within the vector.\n *\n * Does not allow duplicates, will throw an error if there is already an entry\n * for this index.\n *\n * @param {Number} insertIdx - The index at which the element should be inserted.\n * @param {Number} val - The value to be inserted into the vector.\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.insert = function (insertIdx, val) {\n  this.upsert(insertIdx, val, function () {\n    throw \"duplicate index\"\n  })\n}\n\n/**\n * Inserts or updates an existing index within the vector.\n *\n * @param {Number} insertIdx - The index at which the element should be inserted.\n * @param {Number} val - The value to be inserted into the vector.\n * @param {function} fn - A function that is called for updates, the existing value and the\n * requested value are passed as arguments\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.upsert = function (insertIdx, val, fn) {\n  this._magnitude = 0\n  var position = this.positionForIndex(insertIdx)\n\n  if (this.elements[position] == insertIdx) {\n    this.elements[position + 1] = fn(this.elements[position + 1], val)\n  } else {\n    this.elements.splice(position, 0, insertIdx, val)\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Calculates the magnitude of this vector.\n *\n * @returns {Number}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.magnitude = function () {\n  if (this._magnitude) return this._magnitude\n\n  var sumOfSquares = 0,\n      elementsLength = this.elements.length\n\n  for (var i = 1; i < elementsLength; i += 2) {\n    var val = this.elements[i]\n    sumOfSquares += val * val\n  }\n\n  return this._magnitude = Math.sqrt(sumOfSquares)\n}\n\n/**\n * Calculates the dot product of this vector and another vector.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Vector} otherVector - The vector to compute the dot product with.\n * @returns {Number}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.dot = function (otherVector) {\n  var dotProduct = 0,\n      a = this.elements, b = otherVector.elements,\n      aLen = a.length, bLen = b.length,\n      aVal = 0, bVal = 0,\n      i = 0, j = 0\n\n  while (i < aLen && j < bLen) {\n    aVal = a[i], bVal = b[j]\n    if (aVal < bVal) {\n      i += 2\n    } else if (aVal > bVal) {\n      j += 2\n    } else if (aVal == bVal) {\n      dotProduct += a[i + 1] * b[j + 1]\n      i += 2\n      j += 2\n    }\n  }\n\n  return dotProduct\n}\n\n/**\n * Calculates the similarity between this vector and another vector.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Vector} otherVector - The other vector to calculate the\n * similarity with.\n * @returns {Number}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.similarity = function (otherVector) {\n  return this.dot(otherVector) / this.magnitude() || 0\n}\n\n/**\n * Converts the vector to an array of the elements within the vector.\n *\n * @returns {Number[]}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.toArray = function () {\n  var output = new Array (this.elements.length / 2)\n\n  for (var i = 1, j = 0; i < this.elements.length; i += 2, j++) {\n    output[j] = this.elements[i]\n  }\n\n  return output\n}\n\n/**\n * A JSON serializable representation of the vector.\n *\n * @returns {Number[]}\n */\nlunr.Vector.prototype.toJSON = function () {\n  return this.elements\n}\n/* eslint-disable */\n/*!\n * lunr.stemmer\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n * Includes code from - http://tartarus.org/~martin/PorterStemmer/js.txt\n */\n\n/**\n * lunr.stemmer is an english language stemmer, this is a JavaScript\n * implementation of the PorterStemmer taken from http://tartarus.org/~martin\n *\n * @static\n * @implements {lunr.PipelineFunction}\n * @param {lunr.Token} token - The string to stem\n * @returns {lunr.Token}\n * @see {@link lunr.Pipeline}\n * @function\n */\nlunr.stemmer = (function(){\n  var step2list = {\n      \"ational\" : \"ate\",\n      \"tional\" : \"tion\",\n      \"enci\" : \"ence\",\n      \"anci\" : \"ance\",\n      \"izer\" : \"ize\",\n      \"bli\" : \"ble\",\n      \"alli\" : \"al\",\n      \"entli\" : \"ent\",\n      \"eli\" : \"e\",\n      \"ousli\" : \"ous\",\n      \"ization\" : \"ize\",\n      \"ation\" : \"ate\",\n      \"ator\" : \"ate\",\n      \"alism\" : \"al\",\n      \"iveness\" : \"ive\",\n      \"fulness\" : \"ful\",\n      \"ousness\" : \"ous\",\n      \"aliti\" : \"al\",\n      \"iviti\" : \"ive\",\n      \"biliti\" : \"ble\",\n      \"logi\" : \"log\"\n    },\n\n    step3list = {\n      \"icate\" : \"ic\",\n      \"ative\" : \"\",\n      \"alize\" : \"al\",\n      \"iciti\" : \"ic\",\n      \"ical\" : \"ic\",\n      \"ful\" : \"\",\n      \"ness\" : \"\"\n    },\n\n    c = \"[^aeiou]\",          // consonant\n    v = \"[aeiouy]\",          // vowel\n    C = c + \"[^aeiouy]*\",    // consonant sequence\n    V = v + \"[aeiou]*\",      // vowel sequence\n\n    mgr0 = \"^(\" + C + \")?\" + V + C,               // [C]VC... is m>0\n    meq1 = \"^(\" + C + \")?\" + V + C + \"(\" + V + \")?$\",  // [C]VC[V] is m=1\n    mgr1 = \"^(\" + C + \")?\" + V + C + V + C,       // [C]VCVC... is m>1\n    s_v = \"^(\" + C + \")?\" + v;                   // vowel in stem\n\n  var re_mgr0 = new RegExp(mgr0);\n  var re_mgr1 = new RegExp(mgr1);\n  var re_meq1 = new RegExp(meq1);\n  var re_s_v = new RegExp(s_v);\n\n  var re_1a = /^(.+?)(ss|i)es$/;\n  var re2_1a = /^(.+?)([^s])s$/;\n  var re_1b = /^(.+?)eed$/;\n  var re2_1b = /^(.+?)(ed|ing)$/;\n  var re_1b_2 = /.$/;\n  var re2_1b_2 = /(at|bl|iz)$/;\n  var re3_1b_2 = new RegExp(\"([^aeiouylsz])\\\\1$\");\n  var re4_1b_2 = new RegExp(\"^\" + C + v + \"[^aeiouwxy]$\");\n\n  var re_1c = /^(.+?[^aeiou])y$/;\n  var re_2 = /^(.+?)(ational|tional|enci|anci|izer|bli|alli|entli|eli|ousli|ization|ation|ator|alism|iveness|fulness|ousness|aliti|iviti|biliti|logi)$/;\n\n  var re_3 = /^(.+?)(icate|ative|alize|iciti|ical|ful|ness)$/;\n\n  var re_4 = /^(.+?)(al|ance|ence|er|ic|able|ible|ant|ement|ment|ent|ou|ism|ate|iti|ous|ive|ize)$/;\n  var re2_4 = /^(.+?)(s|t)(ion)$/;\n\n  var re_5 = /^(.+?)e$/;\n  var re_5_1 = /ll$/;\n  var re3_5 = new RegExp(\"^\" + C + v + \"[^aeiouwxy]$\");\n\n  var porterStemmer = function porterStemmer(w) {\n    var stem,\n      suffix,\n      firstch,\n      re,\n      re2,\n      re3,\n      re4;\n\n    if (w.length < 3) { return w; }\n\n    firstch = w.substr(0,1);\n    if (firstch == \"y\") {\n      w = firstch.toUpperCase() + w.substr(1);\n    }\n\n    // Step 1a\n    re = re_1a\n    re2 = re2_1a;\n\n    if (re.test(w)) { w = w.replace(re,\"$1$2\"); }\n    else if (re2.test(w)) { w = w.replace(re2,\"$1$2\"); }\n\n    // Step 1b\n    re = re_1b;\n    re2 = re2_1b;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      re = re_mgr0;\n      if (re.test(fp[1])) {\n        re = re_1b_2;\n        w = w.replace(re,\"\");\n      }\n    } else if (re2.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re2.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      re2 = re_s_v;\n      if (re2.test(stem)) {\n        w = stem;\n        re2 = re2_1b_2;\n        re3 = re3_1b_2;\n        re4 = re4_1b_2;\n        if (re2.test(w)) { w = w + \"e\"; }\n        else if (re3.test(w)) { re = re_1b_2; w = w.replace(re,\"\"); }\n        else if (re4.test(w)) { w = w + \"e\"; }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Step 1c - replace suffix y or Y by i if preceded by a non-vowel which is not the first letter of the word (so cry -> cri, by -> by, say -> say)\n    re = re_1c;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      w = stem + \"i\";\n    }\n\n    // Step 2\n    re = re_2;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      suffix = fp[2];\n      re = re_mgr0;\n      if (re.test(stem)) {\n        w = stem + step2list[suffix];\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Step 3\n    re = re_3;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      suffix = fp[2];\n      re = re_mgr0;\n      if (re.test(stem)) {\n        w = stem + step3list[suffix];\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Step 4\n    re = re_4;\n    re2 = re2_4;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      re = re_mgr1;\n      if (re.test(stem)) {\n        w = stem;\n      }\n    } else if (re2.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re2.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1] + fp[2];\n      re2 = re_mgr1;\n      if (re2.test(stem)) {\n        w = stem;\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Step 5\n    re = re_5;\n    if (re.test(w)) {\n      var fp = re.exec(w);\n      stem = fp[1];\n      re = re_mgr1;\n      re2 = re_meq1;\n      re3 = re3_5;\n      if (re.test(stem) || (re2.test(stem) && !(re3.test(stem)))) {\n        w = stem;\n      }\n    }\n\n    re = re_5_1;\n    re2 = re_mgr1;\n    if (re.test(w) && re2.test(w)) {\n      re = re_1b_2;\n      w = w.replace(re,\"\");\n    }\n\n    // and turn initial Y back to y\n\n    if (firstch == \"y\") {\n      w = firstch.toLowerCase() + w.substr(1);\n    }\n\n    return w;\n  };\n\n  return function (token) {\n    return token.update(porterStemmer);\n  }\n})();\n\nlunr.Pipeline.registerFunction(lunr.stemmer, 'stemmer')\n/*!\n * lunr.stopWordFilter\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * lunr.generateStopWordFilter builds a stopWordFilter function from the provided\n * list of stop words.\n *\n * The built in lunr.stopWordFilter is built using this generator and can be used\n * to generate custom stopWordFilters for applications or non English languages.\n *\n * @function\n * @param {Array} token The token to pass through the filter\n * @returns {lunr.PipelineFunction}\n * @see lunr.Pipeline\n * @see lunr.stopWordFilter\n */\nlunr.generateStopWordFilter = function (stopWords) {\n  var words = stopWords.reduce(function (memo, stopWord) {\n    memo[stopWord] = stopWord\n    return memo\n  }, {})\n\n  return function (token) {\n    if (token && words[token.toString()] !== token.toString()) return token\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * lunr.stopWordFilter is an English language stop word list filter, any words\n * contained in the list will not be passed through the filter.\n *\n * This is intended to be used in the Pipeline. If the token does not pass the\n * filter then undefined will be returned.\n *\n * @function\n * @implements {lunr.PipelineFunction}\n * @params {lunr.Token} token - A token to check for being a stop word.\n * @returns {lunr.Token}\n * @see {@link lunr.Pipeline}\n */\nlunr.stopWordFilter = lunr.generateStopWordFilter([\n  'a',\n  'able',\n  'about',\n  'across',\n  'after',\n  'all',\n  'almost',\n  'also',\n  'am',\n  'among',\n  'an',\n  'and',\n  'any',\n  'are',\n  'as',\n  'at',\n  'be',\n  'because',\n  'been',\n  'but',\n  'by',\n  'can',\n  'cannot',\n  'could',\n  'dear',\n  'did',\n  'do',\n  'does',\n  'either',\n  'else',\n  'ever',\n  'every',\n  'for',\n  'from',\n  'get',\n  'got',\n  'had',\n  'has',\n  'have',\n  'he',\n  'her',\n  'hers',\n  'him',\n  'his',\n  'how',\n  'however',\n  'i',\n  'if',\n  'in',\n  'into',\n  'is',\n  'it',\n  'its',\n  'just',\n  'least',\n  'let',\n  'like',\n  'likely',\n  'may',\n  'me',\n  'might',\n  'most',\n  'must',\n  'my',\n  'neither',\n  'no',\n  'nor',\n  'not',\n  'of',\n  'off',\n  'often',\n  'on',\n  'only',\n  'or',\n  'other',\n  'our',\n  'own',\n  'rather',\n  'said',\n  'say',\n  'says',\n  'she',\n  'should',\n  'since',\n  'so',\n  'some',\n  'than',\n  'that',\n  'the',\n  'their',\n  'them',\n  'then',\n  'there',\n  'these',\n  'they',\n  'this',\n  'tis',\n  'to',\n  'too',\n  'twas',\n  'us',\n  'wants',\n  'was',\n  'we',\n  'were',\n  'what',\n  'when',\n  'where',\n  'which',\n  'while',\n  'who',\n  'whom',\n  'why',\n  'will',\n  'with',\n  'would',\n  'yet',\n  'you',\n  'your'\n])\n\nlunr.Pipeline.registerFunction(lunr.stopWordFilter, 'stopWordFilter')\n/*!\n * lunr.trimmer\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * lunr.trimmer is a pipeline function for trimming non word\n * characters from the beginning and end of tokens before they\n * enter the index.\n *\n * This implementation may not work correctly for non latin\n * characters and should either be removed or adapted for use\n * with languages with non-latin characters.\n *\n * @static\n * @implements {lunr.PipelineFunction}\n * @param {lunr.Token} token The token to pass through the filter\n * @returns {lunr.Token}\n * @see lunr.Pipeline\n */\nlunr.trimmer = function (token) {\n  return token.update(function (s) {\n    return s.replace(/^\\W+/, '').replace(/\\W+$/, '')\n  })\n}\n\nlunr.Pipeline.registerFunction(lunr.trimmer, 'trimmer')\n/*!\n * lunr.TokenSet\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * A token set is used to store the unique list of all tokens\n * within an index. Token sets are also used to represent an\n * incoming query to the index, this query token set and index\n * token set are then intersected to find which tokens to look\n * up in the inverted index.\n *\n * A token set can hold multiple tokens, as in the case of the\n * index token set, or it can hold a single token as in the\n * case of a simple query token set.\n *\n * Additionally token sets are used to perform wildcard matching.\n * Leading, contained and trailing wildcards are supported, and\n * from this edit distance matching can also be provided.\n *\n * Token sets are implemented as a minimal finite state automata,\n * where both common prefixes and suffixes are shared between tokens.\n * This helps to reduce the space used for storing the token set.\n *\n * @constructor\n */\nlunr.TokenSet = function () {\n  this.final = false\n  this.edges = {}\n  this.id = lunr.TokenSet._nextId\n  lunr.TokenSet._nextId += 1\n}\n\n/**\n * Keeps track of the next, auto increment, identifier to assign\n * to a new tokenSet.\n *\n * TokenSets require a unique identifier to be correctly minimised.\n *\n * @private\n */\nlunr.TokenSet._nextId = 1\n\n/**\n * Creates a TokenSet instance from the given sorted array of words.\n *\n * @param {String[]} arr - A sorted array of strings to create the set from.\n * @returns {lunr.TokenSet}\n * @throws Will throw an error if the input array is not sorted.\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.fromArray = function (arr) {\n  var builder = new lunr.TokenSet.Builder\n\n  for (var i = 0, len = arr.length; i < len; i++) {\n    builder.insert(arr[i])\n  }\n\n  builder.finish()\n  return builder.root\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a token set from a query clause.\n *\n * @private\n * @param {Object} clause - A single clause from lunr.Query.\n * @param {string} clause.term - The query clause term.\n * @param {number} [clause.editDistance] - The optional edit distance for the term.\n * @returns {lunr.TokenSet}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.fromClause = function (clause) {\n  if ('editDistance' in clause) {\n    return lunr.TokenSet.fromFuzzyString(clause.term, clause.editDistance)\n  } else {\n    return lunr.TokenSet.fromString(clause.term)\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a token set representing a single string with a specified\n * edit distance.\n *\n * Insertions, deletions, substitutions and transpositions are each\n * treated as an edit distance of 1.\n *\n * Increasing the allowed edit distance will have a dramatic impact\n * on the performance of both creating and intersecting these TokenSets.\n * It is advised to keep the edit distance less than 3.\n *\n * @param {string} str - The string to create the token set from.\n * @param {number} editDistance - The allowed edit distance to match.\n * @returns {lunr.Vector}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.fromFuzzyString = function (str, editDistance) {\n  var root = new lunr.TokenSet\n\n  var stack = [{\n    node: root,\n    editsRemaining: editDistance,\n    str: str\n  }]\n\n  while (stack.length) {\n    var frame = stack.pop()\n\n    // no edit\n    if (frame.str.length > 0) {\n      var char = frame.str.charAt(0),\n          noEditNode\n\n      if (char in frame.node.edges) {\n        noEditNode = frame.node.edges[char]\n      } else {\n        noEditNode = new lunr.TokenSet\n        frame.node.edges[char] = noEditNode\n      }\n\n      if (frame.str.length == 1) {\n        noEditNode.final = true\n      }\n\n      stack.push({\n        node: noEditNode,\n        editsRemaining: frame.editsRemaining,\n        str: frame.str.slice(1)\n      })\n    }\n\n    if (frame.editsRemaining == 0) {\n      continue\n    }\n\n    // insertion\n    if (\"*\" in frame.node.edges) {\n      var insertionNode = frame.node.edges[\"*\"]\n    } else {\n      var insertionNode = new lunr.TokenSet\n      frame.node.edges[\"*\"] = insertionNode\n    }\n\n    if (frame.str.length == 0) {\n      insertionNode.final = true\n    }\n\n    stack.push({\n      node: insertionNode,\n      editsRemaining: frame.editsRemaining - 1,\n      str: frame.str\n    })\n\n    // deletion\n    // can only do a deletion if we have enough edits remaining\n    // and if there are characters left to delete in the string\n    if (frame.str.length > 1) {\n      stack.push({\n        node: frame.node,\n        editsRemaining: frame.editsRemaining - 1,\n        str: frame.str.slice(1)\n      })\n    }\n\n    // deletion\n    // just removing the last character from the str\n    if (frame.str.length == 1) {\n      frame.node.final = true\n    }\n\n    // substitution\n    // can only do a substitution if we have enough edits remaining\n    // and if there are characters left to substitute\n    if (frame.str.length >= 1) {\n      if (\"*\" in frame.node.edges) {\n        var substitutionNode = frame.node.edges[\"*\"]\n      } else {\n        var substitutionNode = new lunr.TokenSet\n        frame.node.edges[\"*\"] = substitutionNode\n      }\n\n      if (frame.str.length == 1) {\n        substitutionNode.final = true\n      }\n\n      stack.push({\n        node: substitutionNode,\n        editsRemaining: frame.editsRemaining - 1,\n        str: frame.str.slice(1)\n      })\n    }\n\n    // transposition\n    // can only do a transposition if there are edits remaining\n    // and there are enough characters to transpose\n    if (frame.str.length > 1) {\n      var charA = frame.str.charAt(0),\n          charB = frame.str.charAt(1),\n          transposeNode\n\n      if (charB in frame.node.edges) {\n        transposeNode = frame.node.edges[charB]\n      } else {\n        transposeNode = new lunr.TokenSet\n        frame.node.edges[charB] = transposeNode\n      }\n\n      if (frame.str.length == 1) {\n        transposeNode.final = true\n      }\n\n      stack.push({\n        node: transposeNode,\n        editsRemaining: frame.editsRemaining - 1,\n        str: charA + frame.str.slice(2)\n      })\n    }\n  }\n\n  return root\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a TokenSet from a string.\n *\n * The string may contain one or more wildcard characters (*)\n * that will allow wildcard matching when intersecting with\n * another TokenSet.\n *\n * @param {string} str - The string to create a TokenSet from.\n * @returns {lunr.TokenSet}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.fromString = function (str) {\n  var node = new lunr.TokenSet,\n      root = node\n\n  /*\n   * Iterates through all characters within the passed string\n   * appending a node for each character.\n   *\n   * When a wildcard character is found then a self\n   * referencing edge is introduced to continually match\n   * any number of any characters.\n   */\n  for (var i = 0, len = str.length; i < len; i++) {\n    var char = str[i],\n        final = (i == len - 1)\n\n    if (char == \"*\") {\n      node.edges[char] = node\n      node.final = final\n\n    } else {\n      var next = new lunr.TokenSet\n      next.final = final\n\n      node.edges[char] = next\n      node = next\n    }\n  }\n\n  return root\n}\n\n/**\n * Converts this TokenSet into an array of strings\n * contained within the TokenSet.\n *\n * This is not intended to be used on a TokenSet that\n * contains wildcards, in these cases the results are\n * undefined and are likely to cause an infinite loop.\n *\n * @returns {string[]}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.prototype.toArray = function () {\n  var words = []\n\n  var stack = [{\n    prefix: \"\",\n    node: this\n  }]\n\n  while (stack.length) {\n    var frame = stack.pop(),\n        edges = Object.keys(frame.node.edges),\n        len = edges.length\n\n    if (frame.node.final) {\n      /* In Safari, at this point the prefix is sometimes corrupted, see:\n       * https://github.com/olivernn/lunr.js/issues/279 Calling any\n       * String.prototype method forces Safari to \"cast\" this string to what\n       * it's supposed to be, fixing the bug. */\n      frame.prefix.charAt(0)\n      words.push(frame.prefix)\n    }\n\n    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {\n      var edge = edges[i]\n\n      stack.push({\n        prefix: frame.prefix.concat(edge),\n        node: frame.node.edges[edge]\n      })\n    }\n  }\n\n  return words\n}\n\n/**\n * Generates a string representation of a TokenSet.\n *\n * This is intended to allow TokenSets to be used as keys\n * in objects, largely to aid the construction and minimisation\n * of a TokenSet. As such it is not designed to be a human\n * friendly representation of the TokenSet.\n *\n * @returns {string}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.prototype.toString = function () {\n  // NOTE: Using Object.keys here as this.edges is very likely\n  // to enter 'hash-mode' with many keys being added\n  //\n  // avoiding a for-in loop here as it leads to the function\n  // being de-optimised (at least in V8). From some simple\n  // benchmarks the performance is comparable, but allowing\n  // V8 to optimize may mean easy performance wins in the future.\n\n  if (this._str) {\n    return this._str\n  }\n\n  var str = this.final ? '1' : '0',\n      labels = Object.keys(this.edges).sort(),\n      len = labels.length\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {\n    var label = labels[i],\n        node = this.edges[label]\n\n    str = str + label + node.id\n  }\n\n  return str\n}\n\n/**\n * Returns a new TokenSet that is the intersection of\n * this TokenSet and the passed TokenSet.\n *\n * This intersection will take into account any wildcards\n * contained within the TokenSet.\n *\n * @param {lunr.TokenSet} b - An other TokenSet to intersect with.\n * @returns {lunr.TokenSet}\n */\nlunr.TokenSet.prototype.intersect = function (b) {\n  var output = new lunr.TokenSet,\n      frame = undefined\n\n  var stack = [{\n    qNode: b,\n    output: output,\n    node: this\n  }]\n\n  while (stack.length) {\n    frame = stack.pop()\n\n    // NOTE: As with the #toString method, we are using\n    // Object.keys and a for loop instead of a for-in loop\n    // as both of these objects enter 'hash' mode, causing\n    // the function to be de-optimised in V8\n    var qEdges = Object.keys(frame.qNode.edges),\n        qLen = qEdges.length,\n        nEdges = Object.keys(frame.node.edges),\n        nLen = nEdges.length\n\n    for (var q = 0; q < qLen; q++) {\n      var qEdge = qEdges[q]\n\n      for (var n = 0; n < nLen; n++) {\n        var nEdge = nEdges[n]\n\n        if (nEdge == qEdge || qEdge == '*') {\n          var node = frame.node.edges[nEdge],\n              qNode = frame.qNode.edges[qEdge],\n              final = node.final && qNode.final,\n              next = undefined\n\n          if (nEdge in frame.output.edges) {\n            // an edge already exists for this character\n            // no need to create a new node, just set the finality\n            // bit unless this node is already final\n            next = frame.output.edges[nEdge]\n            next.final = next.final || final\n\n          } else {\n            // no edge exists yet, must create one\n            // set the finality bit and insert it\n            // into the output\n            next = new lunr.TokenSet\n            next.final = final\n            frame.output.edges[nEdge] = next\n          }\n\n          stack.push({\n            qNode: qNode,\n            output: next,\n            node: node\n          })\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  return output\n}\nlunr.TokenSet.Builder = function () {\n  this.previousWord = \"\"\n  this.root = new lunr.TokenSet\n  this.uncheckedNodes = []\n  this.minimizedNodes = {}\n}\n\nlunr.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.insert = function (word) {\n  var node,\n      commonPrefix = 0\n\n  if (word < this.previousWord) {\n    throw new Error (\"Out of order word insertion\")\n  }\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < word.length && i < this.previousWord.length; i++) {\n    if (word[i] != this.previousWord[i]) break\n    commonPrefix++\n  }\n\n  this.minimize(commonPrefix)\n\n  if (this.uncheckedNodes.length == 0) {\n    node = this.root\n  } else {\n    node = this.uncheckedNodes[this.uncheckedNodes.length - 1].child\n  }\n\n  for (var i = commonPrefix; i < word.length; i++) {\n    var nextNode = new lunr.TokenSet,\n        char = word[i]\n\n    node.edges[char] = nextNode\n\n    this.uncheckedNodes.push({\n      parent: node,\n      char: char,\n      child: nextNode\n    })\n\n    node = nextNode\n  }\n\n  node.final = true\n  this.previousWord = word\n}\n\nlunr.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.finish = function () {\n  this.minimize(0)\n}\n\nlunr.TokenSet.Builder.prototype.minimize = function (downTo) {\n  for (var i = this.uncheckedNodes.length - 1; i >= downTo; i--) {\n    var node = this.uncheckedNodes[i],\n        childKey = node.child.toString()\n\n    if (childKey in this.minimizedNodes) {\n      node.parent.edges[node.char] = this.minimizedNodes[childKey]\n    } else {\n      // Cache the key for this node since\n      // we know it can't change anymore\n      node.child._str = childKey\n\n      this.minimizedNodes[childKey] = node.child\n    }\n\n    this.uncheckedNodes.pop()\n  }\n}\n/*!\n * lunr.Index\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * An index contains the built index of all documents and provides a query interface\n * to the index.\n *\n * Usually instances of lunr.Index will not be created using this constructor, instead\n * lunr.Builder should be used to construct new indexes, or lunr.Index.load should be\n * used to load previously built and serialized indexes.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @param {Object} attrs - The attributes of the built search index.\n * @param {Object} attrs.invertedIndex - An index of term/field to document reference.\n * @param {Object<string, lunr.Vector>} attrs.fieldVectors - Field vectors\n * @param {lunr.TokenSet} attrs.tokenSet - An set of all corpus tokens.\n * @param {string[]} attrs.fields - The names of indexed document fields.\n * @param {lunr.Pipeline} attrs.pipeline - The pipeline to use for search terms.\n */\nlunr.Index = function (attrs) {\n  this.invertedIndex = attrs.invertedIndex\n  this.fieldVectors = attrs.fieldVectors\n  this.tokenSet = attrs.tokenSet\n  this.fields = attrs.fields\n  this.pipeline = attrs.pipeline\n}\n\n/**\n * A result contains details of a document matching a search query.\n * @typedef {Object} lunr.Index~Result\n * @property {string} ref - The reference of the document this result represents.\n * @property {number} score - A number between 0 and 1 representing how similar this document is to the query.\n * @property {lunr.MatchData} matchData - Contains metadata about this match including which term(s) caused the match.\n */\n\n/**\n * Although lunr provides the ability to create queries using lunr.Query, it also provides a simple\n * query language which itself is parsed into an instance of lunr.Query.\n *\n * For programmatically building queries it is advised to directly use lunr.Query, the query language\n * is best used for human entered text rather than program generated text.\n *\n * At its simplest queries can just be a single term, e.g. `hello`, multiple terms are also supported\n * and will be combined with OR, e.g `hello world` will match documents that contain either 'hello'\n * or 'world', though those that contain both will rank higher in the results.\n *\n * Wildcards can be included in terms to match one or more unspecified characters, these wildcards can\n * be inserted anywhere within the term, and more than one wildcard can exist in a single term. Adding\n * wildcards will increase the number of documents that will be found but can also have a negative\n * impact on query performance, especially with wildcards at the beginning of a term.\n *\n * Terms can be restricted to specific fields, e.g. `title:hello`, only documents with the term\n * hello in the title field will match this query. Using a field not present in the index will lead\n * to an error being thrown.\n *\n * Modifiers can also be added to terms, lunr supports edit distance and boost modifiers on terms. A term\n * boost will make documents matching that term score higher, e.g. `foo^5`. Edit distance is also supported\n * to provide fuzzy matching, e.g. 'hello~2' will match documents with hello with an edit distance of 2.\n * Avoid large values for edit distance to improve query performance.\n *\n * Each term also supports a presence modifier. By default a term's presence in document is optional, however\n * this can be changed to either required or prohibited. For a term's presence to be required in a document the\n * term should be prefixed with a '+', e.g. `+foo bar` is a search for documents that must contain 'foo' and\n * optionally contain 'bar'. Conversely a leading '-' sets the terms presence to prohibited, i.e. it must not\n * appear in a document, e.g. `-foo bar` is a search for documents that do not contain 'foo' but may contain 'bar'.\n *\n * To escape special characters the backslash character '\\' can be used, this allows searches to include\n * characters that would normally be considered modifiers, e.g. `foo\\~2` will search for a term \"foo~2\" instead\n * of attempting to apply a boost of 2 to the search term \"foo\".\n *\n * @typedef {string} lunr.Index~QueryString\n * @example <caption>Simple single term query</caption>\n * hello\n * @example <caption>Multiple term query</caption>\n * hello world\n * @example <caption>term scoped to a field</caption>\n * title:hello\n * @example <caption>term with a boost of 10</caption>\n * hello^10\n * @example <caption>term with an edit distance of 2</caption>\n * hello~2\n * @example <caption>terms with presence modifiers</caption>\n * -foo +bar baz\n */\n\n/**\n * Performs a search against the index using lunr query syntax.\n *\n * Results will be returned sorted by their score, the most relevant results\n * will be returned first.  For details on how the score is calculated, please see\n * the {@link https://lunrjs.com/guides/searching.html#scoring|guide}.\n *\n * For more programmatic querying use lunr.Index#query.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Index~QueryString} queryString - A string containing a lunr query.\n * @throws {lunr.QueryParseError} If the passed query string cannot be parsed.\n * @returns {lunr.Index~Result[]}\n */\nlunr.Index.prototype.search = function (queryString) {\n  return this.query(function (query) {\n    var parser = new lunr.QueryParser(queryString, query)\n    parser.parse()\n  })\n}\n\n/**\n * A query builder callback provides a query object to be used to express\n * the query to perform on the index.\n *\n * @callback lunr.Index~queryBuilder\n * @param {lunr.Query} query - The query object to build up.\n * @this lunr.Query\n */\n\n/**\n * Performs a query against the index using the yielded lunr.Query object.\n *\n * If performing programmatic queries against the index, this method is preferred\n * over lunr.Index#search so as to avoid the additional query parsing overhead.\n *\n * A query object is yielded to the supplied function which should be used to\n * express the query to be run against the index.\n *\n * Note that although this function takes a callback parameter it is _not_ an\n * asynchronous operation, the callback is just yielded a query object to be\n * customized.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Index~queryBuilder} fn - A function that is used to build the query.\n * @returns {lunr.Index~Result[]}\n */\nlunr.Index.prototype.query = function (fn) {\n  // for each query clause\n  // * process terms\n  // * expand terms from token set\n  // * find matching documents and metadata\n  // * get document vectors\n  // * score documents\n\n  var query = new lunr.Query(this.fields),\n      matchingFields = Object.create(null),\n      queryVectors = Object.create(null),\n      termFieldCache = Object.create(null),\n      requiredMatches = Object.create(null),\n      prohibitedMatches = Object.create(null)\n\n  /*\n   * To support field level boosts a query vector is created per\n   * field. An empty vector is eagerly created to support negated\n   * queries.\n   */\n  for (var i = 0; i < this.fields.length; i++) {\n    queryVectors[this.fields[i]] = new lunr.Vector\n  }\n\n  fn.call(query, query)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < query.clauses.length; i++) {\n    /*\n     * Unless the pipeline has been disabled for this term, which is\n     * the case for terms with wildcards, we need to pass the clause\n     * term through the search pipeline. A pipeline returns an array\n     * of processed terms. Pipeline functions may expand the passed\n     * term, which means we may end up performing multiple index lookups\n     * for a single query term.\n     */\n    var clause = query.clauses[i],\n        terms = null,\n        clauseMatches = lunr.Set.empty\n\n    if (clause.usePipeline) {\n      terms = this.pipeline.runString(clause.term, {\n        fields: clause.fields\n      })\n    } else {\n      terms = [clause.term]\n    }\n\n    for (var m = 0; m < terms.length; m++) {\n      var term = terms[m]\n\n      /*\n       * Each term returned from the pipeline needs to use the same query\n       * clause object, e.g. the same boost and or edit distance. The\n       * simplest way to do this is to re-use the clause object but mutate\n       * its term property.\n       */\n      clause.term = term\n\n      /*\n       * From the term in the clause we create a token set which will then\n       * be used to intersect the indexes token set to get a list of terms\n       * to lookup in the inverted index\n       */\n      var termTokenSet = lunr.TokenSet.fromClause(clause),\n          expandedTerms = this.tokenSet.intersect(termTokenSet).toArray()\n\n      /*\n       * If a term marked as required does not exist in the tokenSet it is\n       * impossible for the search to return any matches. We set all the field\n       * scoped required matches set to empty and stop examining any further\n       * clauses.\n       */\n      if (expandedTerms.length === 0 && clause.presence === lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED) {\n        for (var k = 0; k < clause.fields.length; k++) {\n          var field = clause.fields[k]\n          requiredMatches[field] = lunr.Set.empty\n        }\n\n        break\n      }\n\n      for (var j = 0; j < expandedTerms.length; j++) {\n        /*\n         * For each term get the posting and termIndex, this is required for\n         * building the query vector.\n         */\n        var expandedTerm = expandedTerms[j],\n            posting = this.invertedIndex[expandedTerm],\n            termIndex = posting._index\n\n        for (var k = 0; k < clause.fields.length; k++) {\n          /*\n           * For each field that this query term is scoped by (by default\n           * all fields are in scope) we need to get all the document refs\n           * that have this term in that field.\n           *\n           * The posting is the entry in the invertedIndex for the matching\n           * term from above.\n           */\n          var field = clause.fields[k],\n              fieldPosting = posting[field],\n              matchingDocumentRefs = Object.keys(fieldPosting),\n              termField = expandedTerm + \"/\" + field,\n              matchingDocumentsSet = new lunr.Set(matchingDocumentRefs)\n\n          /*\n           * if the presence of this term is required ensure that the matching\n           * documents are added to the set of required matches for this clause.\n           *\n           */\n          if (clause.presence == lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED) {\n            clauseMatches = clauseMatches.union(matchingDocumentsSet)\n\n            if (requiredMatches[field] === undefined) {\n              requiredMatches[field] = lunr.Set.complete\n            }\n          }\n\n          /*\n           * if the presence of this term is prohibited ensure that the matching\n           * documents are added to the set of prohibited matches for this field,\n           * creating that set if it does not yet exist.\n           */\n          if (clause.presence == lunr.Query.presence.PROHIBITED) {\n            if (prohibitedMatches[field] === undefined) {\n              prohibitedMatches[field] = lunr.Set.empty\n            }\n\n            prohibitedMatches[field] = prohibitedMatches[field].union(matchingDocumentsSet)\n\n            /*\n             * Prohibited matches should not be part of the query vector used for\n             * similarity scoring and no metadata should be extracted so we continue\n             * to the next field\n             */\n            continue\n          }\n\n          /*\n           * The query field vector is populated using the termIndex found for\n           * the term and a unit value with the appropriate boost applied.\n           * Using upsert because there could already be an entry in the vector\n           * for the term we are working with. In that case we just add the scores\n           * together.\n           */\n          queryVectors[field].upsert(termIndex, clause.boost, function (a, b) { return a + b })\n\n          /**\n           * If we've already seen this term, field combo then we've already collected\n           * the matching documents and metadata, no need to go through all that again\n           */\n          if (termFieldCache[termField]) {\n            continue\n          }\n\n          for (var l = 0; l < matchingDocumentRefs.length; l++) {\n            /*\n             * All metadata for this term/field/document triple\n             * are then extracted and collected into an instance\n             * of lunr.MatchData ready to be returned in the query\n             * results\n             */\n            var matchingDocumentRef = matchingDocumentRefs[l],\n                matchingFieldRef = new lunr.FieldRef (matchingDocumentRef, field),\n                metadata = fieldPosting[matchingDocumentRef],\n                fieldMatch\n\n            if ((fieldMatch = matchingFields[matchingFieldRef]) === undefined) {\n              matchingFields[matchingFieldRef] = new lunr.MatchData (expandedTerm, field, metadata)\n            } else {\n              fieldMatch.add(expandedTerm, field, metadata)\n            }\n\n          }\n\n          termFieldCache[termField] = true\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * If the presence was required we need to update the requiredMatches field sets.\n     * We do this after all fields for the term have collected their matches because\n     * the clause terms presence is required in _any_ of the fields not _all_ of the\n     * fields.\n     */\n    if (clause.presence === lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED) {\n      for (var k = 0; k < clause.fields.length; k++) {\n        var field = clause.fields[k]\n        requiredMatches[field] = requiredMatches[field].intersect(clauseMatches)\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Need to combine the field scoped required and prohibited\n   * matching documents into a global set of required and prohibited\n   * matches\n   */\n  var allRequiredMatches = lunr.Set.complete,\n      allProhibitedMatches = lunr.Set.empty\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < this.fields.length; i++) {\n    var field = this.fields[i]\n\n    if (requiredMatches[field]) {\n      allRequiredMatches = allRequiredMatches.intersect(requiredMatches[field])\n    }\n\n    if (prohibitedMatches[field]) {\n      allProhibitedMatches = allProhibitedMatches.union(prohibitedMatches[field])\n    }\n  }\n\n  var matchingFieldRefs = Object.keys(matchingFields),\n      results = [],\n      matches = Object.create(null)\n\n  /*\n   * If the query is negated (contains only prohibited terms)\n   * we need to get _all_ fieldRefs currently existing in the\n   * index. This is only done when we know that the query is\n   * entirely prohibited terms to avoid any cost of getting all\n   * fieldRefs unnecessarily.\n   *\n   * Additionally, blank MatchData must be created to correctly\n   * populate the results.\n   */\n  if (query.isNegated()) {\n    matchingFieldRefs = Object.keys(this.fieldVectors)\n\n    for (var i = 0; i < matchingFieldRefs.length; i++) {\n      var matchingFieldRef = matchingFieldRefs[i]\n      var fieldRef = lunr.FieldRef.fromString(matchingFieldRef)\n      matchingFields[matchingFieldRef] = new lunr.MatchData\n    }\n  }\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < matchingFieldRefs.length; i++) {\n    /*\n     * Currently we have document fields that match the query, but we\n     * need to return documents. The matchData and scores are combined\n     * from multiple fields belonging to the same document.\n     *\n     * Scores are calculated by field, using the query vectors created\n     * above, and combined into a final document score using addition.\n     */\n    var fieldRef = lunr.FieldRef.fromString(matchingFieldRefs[i]),\n        docRef = fieldRef.docRef\n\n    if (!allRequiredMatches.contains(docRef)) {\n      continue\n    }\n\n    if (allProhibitedMatches.contains(docRef)) {\n      continue\n    }\n\n    var fieldVector = this.fieldVectors[fieldRef],\n        score = queryVectors[fieldRef.fieldName].similarity(fieldVector),\n        docMatch\n\n    if ((docMatch = matches[docRef]) !== undefined) {\n      docMatch.score += score\n      docMatch.matchData.combine(matchingFields[fieldRef])\n    } else {\n      var match = {\n        ref: docRef,\n        score: score,\n        matchData: matchingFields[fieldRef]\n      }\n      matches[docRef] = match\n      results.push(match)\n    }\n  }\n\n  /*\n   * Sort the results objects by score, highest first.\n   */\n  return results.sort(function (a, b) {\n    return b.score - a.score\n  })\n}\n\n/**\n * Prepares the index for JSON serialization.\n *\n * The schema for this JSON blob will be described in a\n * separate JSON schema file.\n *\n * @returns {Object}\n */\nlunr.Index.prototype.toJSON = function () {\n  var invertedIndex = Object.keys(this.invertedIndex)\n    .sort()\n    .map(function (term) {\n      return [term, this.invertedIndex[term]]\n    }, this)\n\n  var fieldVectors = Object.keys(this.fieldVectors)\n    .map(function (ref) {\n      return [ref, this.fieldVectors[ref].toJSON()]\n    }, this)\n\n  return {\n    version: lunr.version,\n    fields: this.fields,\n    fieldVectors: fieldVectors,\n    invertedIndex: invertedIndex,\n    pipeline: this.pipeline.toJSON()\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Loads a previously serialized lunr.Index\n *\n * @param {Object} serializedIndex - A previously serialized lunr.Index\n * @returns {lunr.Index}\n */\nlunr.Index.load = function (serializedIndex) {\n  var attrs = {},\n      fieldVectors = {},\n      serializedVectors = serializedIndex.fieldVectors,\n      invertedIndex = Object.create(null),\n      serializedInvertedIndex = serializedIndex.invertedIndex,\n      tokenSetBuilder = new lunr.TokenSet.Builder,\n      pipeline = lunr.Pipeline.load(serializedIndex.pipeline)\n\n  if (serializedIndex.version != lunr.version) {\n    lunr.utils.warn(\"Version mismatch when loading serialised index. Current version of lunr '\" + lunr.version + \"' does not match serialized index '\" + serializedIndex.version + \"'\")\n  }\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < serializedVectors.length; i++) {\n    var tuple = serializedVectors[i],\n        ref = tuple[0],\n        elements = tuple[1]\n\n    fieldVectors[ref] = new lunr.Vector(elements)\n  }\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < serializedInvertedIndex.length; i++) {\n    var tuple = serializedInvertedIndex[i],\n        term = tuple[0],\n        posting = tuple[1]\n\n    tokenSetBuilder.insert(term)\n    invertedIndex[term] = posting\n  }\n\n  tokenSetBuilder.finish()\n\n  attrs.fields = serializedIndex.fields\n\n  attrs.fieldVectors = fieldVectors\n  attrs.invertedIndex = invertedIndex\n  attrs.tokenSet = tokenSetBuilder.root\n  attrs.pipeline = pipeline\n\n  return new lunr.Index(attrs)\n}\n/*!\n * lunr.Builder\n * Copyright (C) 2020 Oliver Nightingale\n */\n\n/**\n * lunr.Builder performs indexing on a set of documents and\n * returns instances of lunr.Index ready for querying.\n *\n * All configuration of the index is done via the builder, the\n * fields to index, the document reference, the text processing\n * pipeline and document scoring parameters are all set on the\n * builder before indexing.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @property {string} _ref - Internal reference to the document reference field.\n * @property {string[]} _fields - Internal reference to the document fields to index.\n * @property {object} invertedIndex - The inverted index maps terms to document fields.\n * @property {object} documentTermFrequencies - Keeps track of document term frequencies.\n * @property {object} documentLengths - Keeps track of the length of documents added to the index.\n * @property {lunr.tokenizer} tokenizer - Function for splitting strings into tokens for indexing.\n * @property {lunr.Pipeline} pipeline - The pipeline performs text processing on tokens before indexing.\n * @property {lunr.Pipeline} searchPipeline - A pipeline for processing search terms before querying the index.\n * @property {number} documentCount - Keeps track of the total number of documents indexed.\n * @property {number} _b - A parameter to control field length normalization, setting this to 0 disabled normalization, 1 fully normalizes field lengths, the default value is 0.75.\n * @property {number} _k1 - A parameter to control how quickly an increase in term frequency results in term frequency saturation, the default value is 1.2.\n * @property {number} termIndex - A counter incremented for each unique term, used to identify a terms position in the vector space.\n * @property {array} metadataWhitelist - A list of metadata keys that have been whitelisted for entry in the index.\n */\nlunr.Builder = function () {\n  this._ref = \"id\"\n  this._fields = Object.create(null)\n  this._documents = Object.create(null)\n  this.invertedIndex = Object.create(null)\n  this.fieldTermFrequencies = {}\n  this.fieldLengths = {}\n  this.tokenizer = lunr.tokenizer\n  this.pipeline = new lunr.Pipeline\n  this.searchPipeline = new lunr.Pipeline\n  this.documentCount = 0\n  this._b = 0.75\n  this._k1 = 1.2\n  this.termIndex = 0\n  this.metadataWhitelist = []\n}\n\n/**\n * Sets the document field used as the document reference. Every document must have this field.\n * The type of this field in the document should be a string, if it is not a string it will be\n * coerced into a string by calling toString.\n *\n * The default ref is 'id'.\n *\n * The ref should _not_ be changed during indexing, it should be set before any documents are\n * added to the index. Changing it during indexing can lead to inconsistent results.\n *\n * @param {string} ref - The name of the reference field in the document.\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.ref = function (ref) {\n  this._ref = ref\n}\n\n/**\n * A function that is used to extract a field from a document.\n *\n * Lunr expects a field to be at the top level of a document, if however the field\n * is deeply nested within a document an extractor function can be used to extract\n * the right field for indexing.\n *\n * @callback fieldExtractor\n * @param {object} doc - The document being added to the index.\n * @returns {?(string|object|object[])} obj - The object that will be indexed for this field.\n * @example <caption>Extracting a nested field</caption>\n * function (doc) { return doc.nested.field }\n */\n\n/**\n * Adds a field to the list of document fields that will be indexed. Every document being\n * indexed should have this field. Null values for this field in indexed documents will\n * not cause errors but will limit the chance of that document being retrieved by searches.\n *\n * All fields should be added before adding documents to the index. Adding fields after\n * a document has been indexed will have no effect on already indexed documents.\n *\n * Fields can be boosted at build time. This allows terms within that field to have more\n * importance when ranking search results. Use a field boost to specify that matches within\n * one field are more important than other fields.\n *\n * @param {string} fieldName - The name of a field to index in all documents.\n * @param {object} attributes - Optional attributes associated with this field.\n * @param {number} [attributes.boost=1] - Boost applied to all terms within this field.\n * @param {fieldExtractor} [attributes.extractor] - Function to extract a field from a document.\n * @throws {RangeError} fieldName cannot contain unsupported characters '/'\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.field = function (fieldName, attributes) {\n  if (/\\//.test(fieldName)) {\n    throw new RangeError (\"Field '\" + fieldName + \"' contains illegal character '/'\")\n  }\n\n  this._fields[fieldName] = attributes || {}\n}\n\n/**\n * A parameter to tune the amount of field length normalisation that is applied when\n * calculating relevance scores. A value of 0 will completely disable any normalisation\n * and a value of 1 will fully normalise field lengths. The default is 0.75. Values of b\n * will be clamped to the range 0 - 1.\n *\n * @param {number} number - The value to set for this tuning parameter.\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.b = function (number) {\n  if (number < 0) {\n    this._b = 0\n  } else if (number > 1) {\n    this._b = 1\n  } else {\n    this._b = number\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * A parameter that controls the speed at which a rise in term frequency results in term\n * frequency saturation. The default value is 1.2. Setting this to a higher value will give\n * slower saturation levels, a lower value will result in quicker saturation.\n *\n * @param {number} number - The value to set for this tuning parameter.\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.k1 = function (number) {\n  this._k1 = number\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds a document to the index.\n *\n * Before adding fields to the index the index should have been fully setup, with the document\n * ref and all fields to index already having been specified.\n *\n * The document must have a field name as specified by the ref (by default this is 'id') and\n * it should have all fields defined for indexing, though null or undefined values will not\n * cause errors.\n *\n * Entire documents can be boosted at build time. Applying a boost to a document indicates that\n * this document should rank higher in search results than other documents.\n *\n * @param {object} doc - The document to add to the index.\n * @param {object} attributes - Optional attributes associated with this document.\n * @param {number} [attributes.boost=1] - Boost applied to all terms within this document.\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.add = function (doc, attributes) {\n  var docRef = doc[this._ref],\n      fields = Object.keys(this._fields)\n\n  this._documents[docRef] = attributes || {}\n  this.documentCount += 1\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {\n    var fieldName = fields[i],\n        extractor = this._fields[fieldName].extractor,\n        field = extractor ? extractor(doc) : doc[fieldName],\n        tokens = this.tokenizer(field, {\n          fields: [fieldName]\n        }),\n        terms = this.pipeline.run(tokens),\n        fieldRef = new lunr.FieldRef (docRef, fieldName),\n        fieldTerms = Object.create(null)\n\n    this.fieldTermFrequencies[fieldRef] = fieldTerms\n    this.fieldLengths[fieldRef] = 0\n\n    // store the length of this field for this document\n    this.fieldLengths[fieldRef] += terms.length\n\n    // calculate term frequencies for this field\n    for (var j = 0; j < terms.length; j++) {\n      var term = terms[j]\n\n      if (fieldTerms[term] == undefined) {\n        fieldTerms[term] = 0\n      }\n\n      fieldTerms[term] += 1\n\n      // add to inverted index\n      // create an initial posting if one doesn't exist\n      if (this.invertedIndex[term] == undefined) {\n        var posting = Object.create(null)\n        posting[\"_index\"] = this.termIndex\n        this.termIndex += 1\n\n        for (var k = 0; k < fields.length; k++) {\n          posting[fields[k]] = Object.create(null)\n        }\n\n        this.invertedIndex[term] = posting\n      }\n\n      // add an entry for this term/fieldName/docRef to the invertedIndex\n      if (this.invertedIndex[term][fieldName][docRef] == undefined) {\n        this.invertedIndex[term][fieldName][docRef] = Object.create(null)\n      }\n\n      // store all whitelisted metadata about this token in the\n      // inverted index\n      for (var l = 0; l < this.metadataWhitelist.length; l++) {\n        var metadataKey = this.metadataWhitelist[l],\n            metadata = term.metadata[metadataKey]\n\n        if (this.invertedIndex[term][fieldName][docRef][metadataKey] == undefined) {\n          this.invertedIndex[term][fieldName][docRef][metadataKey] = []\n        }\n\n        this.invertedIndex[term][fieldName][docRef][metadataKey].push(metadata)\n      }\n    }\n\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Calculates the average document length for this index\n *\n * @private\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.calculateAverageFieldLengths = function () {\n\n  var fieldRefs = Object.keys(this.fieldLengths),\n      numberOfFields = fieldRefs.length,\n      accumulator = {},\n      documentsWithField = {}\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < numberOfFields; i++) {\n    var fieldRef = lunr.FieldRef.fromString(fieldRefs[i]),\n        field = fieldRef.fieldName\n\n    documentsWithField[field] || (documentsWithField[field] = 0)\n    documentsWithField[field] += 1\n\n    accumulator[field] || (accumulator[field] = 0)\n    accumulator[field] += this.fieldLengths[fieldRef]\n  }\n\n  var fields = Object.keys(this._fields)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {\n    var fieldName = fields[i]\n    accumulator[fieldName] = accumulator[fieldName] / documentsWithField[fieldName]\n  }\n\n  this.averageFieldLength = accumulator\n}\n\n/**\n * Builds a vector space model of every document using lunr.Vector\n *\n * @private\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.createFieldVectors = function () {\n  var fieldVectors = {},\n      fieldRefs = Object.keys(this.fieldTermFrequencies),\n      fieldRefsLength = fieldRefs.length,\n      termIdfCache = Object.create(null)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < fieldRefsLength; i++) {\n    var fieldRef = lunr.FieldRef.fromString(fieldRefs[i]),\n        fieldName = fieldRef.fieldName,\n        fieldLength = this.fieldLengths[fieldRef],\n        fieldVector = new lunr.Vector,\n        termFrequencies = this.fieldTermFrequencies[fieldRef],\n        terms = Object.keys(termFrequencies),\n        termsLength = terms.length\n\n\n    var fieldBoost = this._fields[fieldName].boost || 1,\n        docBoost = this._documents[fieldRef.docRef].boost || 1\n\n    for (var j = 0; j < termsLength; j++) {\n      var term = terms[j],\n          tf = termFrequencies[term],\n          termIndex = this.invertedIndex[term]._index,\n          idf, score, scoreWithPrecision\n\n      if (termIdfCache[term] === undefined) {\n        idf = lunr.idf(this.invertedIndex[term], this.documentCount)\n        termIdfCache[term] = idf\n      } else {\n        idf = termIdfCache[term]\n      }\n\n      score = idf * ((this._k1 + 1) * tf) / (this._k1 * (1 - this._b + this._b * (fieldLength / this.averageFieldLength[fieldName])) + tf)\n      score *= fieldBoost\n      score *= docBoost\n      scoreWithPrecision = Math.round(score * 1000) / 1000\n      // Converts 1.23456789 to 1.234.\n      // Reducing the precision so that the vectors take up less\n      // space when serialised. Doing it now so that they behave\n      // the same before and after serialisation. Also, this is\n      // the fastest approach to reducing a number's precision in\n      // JavaScript.\n\n      fieldVector.insert(termIndex, scoreWithPrecision)\n    }\n\n    fieldVectors[fieldRef] = fieldVector\n  }\n\n  this.fieldVectors = fieldVectors\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a token set of all tokens in the index using lunr.TokenSet\n *\n * @private\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.createTokenSet = function () {\n  this.tokenSet = lunr.TokenSet.fromArray(\n    Object.keys(this.invertedIndex).sort()\n  )\n}\n\n/**\n * Builds the index, creating an instance of lunr.Index.\n *\n * This completes the indexing process and should only be called\n * once all documents have been added to the index.\n *\n * @returns {lunr.Index}\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.build = function () {\n  this.calculateAverageFieldLengths()\n  this.createFieldVectors()\n  this.createTokenSet()\n\n  return new lunr.Index({\n    invertedIndex: this.invertedIndex,\n    fieldVectors: this.fieldVectors,\n    tokenSet: this.tokenSet,\n    fields: Object.keys(this._fields),\n    pipeline: this.searchPipeline\n  })\n}\n\n/**\n * Applies a plugin to the index builder.\n *\n * A plugin is a function that is called with the index builder as its context.\n * Plugins can be used to customise or extend the behaviour of the index\n * in some way. A plugin is just a function, that encapsulated the custom\n * behaviour that should be applied when building the index.\n *\n * The plugin function will be called with the index builder as its argument, additional\n * arguments can also be passed when calling use. The function will be called\n * with the index builder as its context.\n *\n * @param {Function} plugin The plugin to apply.\n */\nlunr.Builder.prototype.use = function (fn) {\n  var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1)\n  args.unshift(this)\n  fn.apply(this, args)\n}\n/**\n * Contains and collects metadata about a matching document.\n * A single instance of lunr.MatchData is returned as part of every\n * lunr.Index~Result.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @param {string} term - The term this match data is associated with\n * @param {string} field - The field in which the term was found\n * @param {object} metadata - The metadata recorded about this term in this field\n * @property {object} metadata - A cloned collection of metadata associated with this document.\n * @see {@link lunr.Index~Result}\n */\nlunr.MatchData = function (term, field, metadata) {\n  var clonedMetadata = Object.create(null),\n      metadataKeys = Object.keys(metadata || {})\n\n  // Cloning the metadata to prevent the original\n  // being mutated during match data combination.\n  // Metadata is kept in an array within the inverted\n  // index so cloning the data can be done with\n  // Array#slice\n  for (var i = 0; i < metadataKeys.length; i++) {\n    var key = metadataKeys[i]\n    clonedMetadata[key] = metadata[key].slice()\n  }\n\n  this.metadata = Object.create(null)\n\n  if (term !== undefined) {\n    this.metadata[term] = Object.create(null)\n    this.metadata[term][field] = clonedMetadata\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * An instance of lunr.MatchData will be created for every term that matches a\n * document. However only one instance is required in a lunr.Index~Result. This\n * method combines metadata from another instance of lunr.MatchData with this\n * objects metadata.\n *\n * @param {lunr.MatchData} otherMatchData - Another instance of match data to merge with this one.\n * @see {@link lunr.Index~Result}\n */\nlunr.MatchData.prototype.combine = function (otherMatchData) {\n  var terms = Object.keys(otherMatchData.metadata)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < terms.length; i++) {\n    var term = terms[i],\n        fields = Object.keys(otherMatchData.metadata[term])\n\n    if (this.metadata[term] == undefined) {\n      this.metadata[term] = Object.create(null)\n    }\n\n    for (var j = 0; j < fields.length; j++) {\n      var field = fields[j],\n          keys = Object.keys(otherMatchData.metadata[term][field])\n\n      if (this.metadata[term][field] == undefined) {\n        this.metadata[term][field] = Object.create(null)\n      }\n\n      for (var k = 0; k < keys.length; k++) {\n        var key = keys[k]\n\n        if (this.metadata[term][field][key] == undefined) {\n          this.metadata[term][field][key] = otherMatchData.metadata[term][field][key]\n        } else {\n          this.metadata[term][field][key] = this.metadata[term][field][key].concat(otherMatchData.metadata[term][field][key])\n        }\n\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Add metadata for a term/field pair to this instance of match data.\n *\n * @param {string} term - The term this match data is associated with\n * @param {string} field - The field in which the term was found\n * @param {object} metadata - The metadata recorded about this term in this field\n */\nlunr.MatchData.prototype.add = function (term, field, metadata) {\n  if (!(term in this.metadata)) {\n    this.metadata[term] = Object.create(null)\n    this.metadata[term][field] = metadata\n    return\n  }\n\n  if (!(field in this.metadata[term])) {\n    this.metadata[term][field] = metadata\n    return\n  }\n\n  var metadataKeys = Object.keys(metadata)\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < metadataKeys.length; i++) {\n    var key = metadataKeys[i]\n\n    if (key in this.metadata[term][field]) {\n      this.metadata[term][field][key] = this.metadata[term][field][key].concat(metadata[key])\n    } else {\n      this.metadata[term][field][key] = metadata[key]\n    }\n  }\n}\n/**\n * A lunr.Query provides a programmatic way of defining queries to be performed\n * against a {@link lunr.Index}.\n *\n * Prefer constructing a lunr.Query using the {@link lunr.Index#query} method\n * so the query object is pre-initialized with the right index fields.\n *\n * @constructor\n * @property {lunr.Query~Clause[]} clauses - An array of query clauses.\n * @property {string[]} allFields - An array of all available fields in a lunr.Index.\n */\nlunr.Query = function (allFields) {\n  this.clauses = []\n  this.allFields = allFields\n}\n\n/**\n * Constants for indicating what kind of automatic wildcard insertion will be used when constructing a query clause.\n *\n * This allows wildcards to be added to the beginning and end of a term without having to manually do any string\n * concatenation.\n *\n * The wildcard constants can be bitwise combined to select both leading and trailing wildcards.\n *\n * @constant\n * @default\n * @property {number} wildcard.NONE - The term will have no wildcards inserted, this is the default behaviour\n * @property {number} wildcard.LEADING - Prepend the term with a wildcard, unless a leading wildcard already exists\n * @property {number} wildcard.TRAILING - Append a wildcard to the term, unless a trailing wildcard already exists\n * @see lunr.Query~Clause\n * @see lunr.Query#clause\n * @see lunr.Query#term\n * @example <caption>query term with trailing wildcard</caption>\n * query.term('foo', { wildcard: lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING })\n * @example <caption>query term with leading and trailing wildcard</caption>\n * query.term('foo', {\n *   wildcard: lunr.Query.wildcard.LEADING | lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING\n * })\n */\n\nlunr.Query.wildcard = new String (\"*\")\nlunr.Query.wildcard.NONE = 0\nlunr.Query.wildcard.LEADING = 1\nlunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING = 2\n\n/**\n * Constants for indicating what kind of presence a term must have in matching documents.\n *\n * @constant\n * @enum {number}\n * @see lunr.Query~Clause\n * @see lunr.Query#clause\n * @see lunr.Query#term\n * @example <caption>query term with required presence</caption>\n * query.term('foo', { presence: lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED })\n */\nlunr.Query.presence = {\n  /**\n   * Term's presence in a document is optional, this is the default value.\n   */\n  OPTIONAL: 1,\n\n  /**\n   * Term's presence in a document is required, documents that do not contain\n   * this term will not be returned.\n   */\n  REQUIRED: 2,\n\n  /**\n   * Term's presence in a document is prohibited, documents that do contain\n   * this term will not be returned.\n   */\n  PROHIBITED: 3\n}\n\n/**\n * A single clause in a {@link lunr.Query} contains a term and details on how to\n * match that term against a {@link lunr.Index}.\n *\n * @typedef {Object} lunr.Query~Clause\n * @property {string[]} fields - The fields in an index this clause should be matched against.\n * @property {number} [boost=1] - Any boost that should be applied when matching this clause.\n * @property {number} [editDistance] - Whether the term should have fuzzy matching applied, and how fuzzy the match should be.\n * @property {boolean} [usePipeline] - Whether the term should be passed through the search pipeline.\n * @property {number} [wildcard=lunr.Query.wildcard.NONE] - Whether the term should have wildcards appended or prepended.\n * @property {number} [presence=lunr.Query.presence.OPTIONAL] - The terms presence in any matching documents.\n */\n\n/**\n * Adds a {@link lunr.Query~Clause} to this query.\n *\n * Unless the clause contains the fields to be matched all fields will be matched. In addition\n * a default boost of 1 is applied to the clause.\n *\n * @param {lunr.Query~Clause} clause - The clause to add to this query.\n * @see lunr.Query~Clause\n * @returns {lunr.Query}\n */\nlunr.Query.prototype.clause = function (clause) {\n  if (!('fields' in clause)) {\n    clause.fields = this.allFields\n  }\n\n  if (!('boost' in clause)) {\n    clause.boost = 1\n  }\n\n  if (!('usePipeline' in clause)) {\n    clause.usePipeline = true\n  }\n\n  if (!('wildcard' in clause)) {\n    clause.wildcard = lunr.Query.wildcard.NONE\n  }\n\n  if ((clause.wildcard & lunr.Query.wildcard.LEADING) && (clause.term.charAt(0) != lunr.Query.wildcard)) {\n    clause.term = \"*\" + clause.term\n  }\n\n  if ((clause.wildcard & lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING) && (clause.term.slice(-1) != lunr.Query.wildcard)) {\n    clause.term = \"\" + clause.term + \"*\"\n  }\n\n  if (!('presence' in clause)) {\n    clause.presence = lunr.Query.presence.OPTIONAL\n  }\n\n  this.clauses.push(clause)\n\n  return this\n}\n\n/**\n * A negated query is one in which every clause has a presence of\n * prohibited. These queries require some special processing to return\n * the expected results.\n *\n * @returns boolean\n */\nlunr.Query.prototype.isNegated = function () {\n  for (var i = 0; i < this.clauses.length; i++) {\n    if (this.clauses[i].presence != lunr.Query.presence.PROHIBITED) {\n      return false\n    }\n  }\n\n  return true\n}\n\n/**\n * Adds a term to the current query, under the covers this will create a {@link lunr.Query~Clause}\n * to the list of clauses that make up this query.\n *\n * The term is used as is, i.e. no tokenization will be performed by this method. Instead conversion\n * to a token or token-like string should be done before calling this method.\n *\n * The term will be converted to a string by calling `toString`. Multiple terms can be passed as an\n * array, each term in the array will share the same options.\n *\n * @param {object|object[]} term - The term(s) to add to the query.\n * @param {object} [options] - Any additional properties to add to the query clause.\n * @returns {lunr.Query}\n * @see lunr.Query#clause\n * @see lunr.Query~Clause\n * @example <caption>adding a single term to a query</caption>\n * query.term(\"foo\")\n * @example <caption>adding a single term to a query and specifying search fields, term boost and automatic trailing wildcard</caption>\n * query.term(\"foo\", {\n *   fields: [\"title\"],\n *   boost: 10,\n *   wildcard: lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING\n * })\n * @example <caption>using lunr.tokenizer to convert a string to tokens before using them as terms</caption>\n * query.term(lunr.tokenizer(\"foo bar\"))\n */\nlunr.Query.prototype.term = function (term, options) {\n  if (Array.isArray(term)) {\n    term.forEach(function (t) { this.term(t, lunr.utils.clone(options)) }, this)\n    return this\n  }\n\n  var clause = options || {}\n  clause.term = term.toString()\n\n  this.clause(clause)\n\n  return this\n}\nlunr.QueryParseError = function (message, start, end) {\n  this.name = \"QueryParseError\"\n  this.message = message\n  this.start = start\n  this.end = end\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParseError.prototype = new Error\nlunr.QueryLexer = function (str) {\n  this.lexemes = []\n  this.str = str\n  this.length = str.length\n  this.pos = 0\n  this.start = 0\n  this.escapeCharPositions = []\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.run = function () {\n  var state = lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n\n  while (state) {\n    state = state(this)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.sliceString = function () {\n  var subSlices = [],\n      sliceStart = this.start,\n      sliceEnd = this.pos\n\n  for (var i = 0; i < this.escapeCharPositions.length; i++) {\n    sliceEnd = this.escapeCharPositions[i]\n    subSlices.push(this.str.slice(sliceStart, sliceEnd))\n    sliceStart = sliceEnd + 1\n  }\n\n  subSlices.push(this.str.slice(sliceStart, this.pos))\n  this.escapeCharPositions.length = 0\n\n  return subSlices.join('')\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.emit = function (type) {\n  this.lexemes.push({\n    type: type,\n    str: this.sliceString(),\n    start: this.start,\n    end: this.pos\n  })\n\n  this.start = this.pos\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.escapeCharacter = function () {\n  this.escapeCharPositions.push(this.pos - 1)\n  this.pos += 1\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.next = function () {\n  if (this.pos >= this.length) {\n    return lunr.QueryLexer.EOS\n  }\n\n  var char = this.str.charAt(this.pos)\n  this.pos += 1\n  return char\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.width = function () {\n  return this.pos - this.start\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.ignore = function () {\n  if (this.start == this.pos) {\n    this.pos += 1\n  }\n\n  this.start = this.pos\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.backup = function () {\n  this.pos -= 1\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.acceptDigitRun = function () {\n  var char, charCode\n\n  do {\n    char = this.next()\n    charCode = char.charCodeAt(0)\n  } while (charCode > 47 && charCode < 58)\n\n  if (char != lunr.QueryLexer.EOS) {\n    this.backup()\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.prototype.more = function () {\n  return this.pos < this.length\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.EOS = 'EOS'\nlunr.QueryLexer.FIELD = 'FIELD'\nlunr.QueryLexer.TERM = 'TERM'\nlunr.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE = 'EDIT_DISTANCE'\nlunr.QueryLexer.BOOST = 'BOOST'\nlunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE = 'PRESENCE'\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexField = function (lexer) {\n  lexer.backup()\n  lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD)\n  lexer.ignore()\n  return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexTerm = function (lexer) {\n  if (lexer.width() > 1) {\n    lexer.backup()\n    lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.TERM)\n  }\n\n  lexer.ignore()\n\n  if (lexer.more()) {\n    return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexEditDistance = function (lexer) {\n  lexer.ignore()\n  lexer.acceptDigitRun()\n  lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE)\n  return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexBoost = function (lexer) {\n  lexer.ignore()\n  lexer.acceptDigitRun()\n  lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.BOOST)\n  return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n}\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexEOS = function (lexer) {\n  if (lexer.width() > 0) {\n    lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.TERM)\n  }\n}\n\n// This matches the separator used when tokenising fields\n// within a document. These should match otherwise it is\n// not possible to search for some tokens within a document.\n//\n// It is possible for the user to change the separator on the\n// tokenizer so it _might_ clash with any other of the special\n// characters already used within the search string, e.g. :.\n//\n// This means that it is possible to change the separator in\n// such a way that makes some words unsearchable using a search\n// string.\nlunr.QueryLexer.termSeparator = lunr.tokenizer.separator\n\nlunr.QueryLexer.lexText = function (lexer) {\n  while (true) {\n    var char = lexer.next()\n\n    if (char == lunr.QueryLexer.EOS) {\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexEOS\n    }\n\n    // Escape character is '\\'\n    if (char.charCodeAt(0) == 92) {\n      lexer.escapeCharacter()\n      continue\n    }\n\n    if (char == \":\") {\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexField\n    }\n\n    if (char == \"~\") {\n      lexer.backup()\n      if (lexer.width() > 0) {\n        lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.TERM)\n      }\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexEditDistance\n    }\n\n    if (char == \"^\") {\n      lexer.backup()\n      if (lexer.width() > 0) {\n        lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.TERM)\n      }\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexBoost\n    }\n\n    // \"+\" indicates term presence is required\n    // checking for length to ensure that only\n    // leading \"+\" are considered\n    if (char == \"+\" && lexer.width() === 1) {\n      lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE)\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n    }\n\n    // \"-\" indicates term presence is prohibited\n    // checking for length to ensure that only\n    // leading \"-\" are considered\n    if (char == \"-\" && lexer.width() === 1) {\n      lexer.emit(lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE)\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexText\n    }\n\n    if (char.match(lunr.QueryLexer.termSeparator)) {\n      return lunr.QueryLexer.lexTerm\n    }\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser = function (str, query) {\n  this.lexer = new lunr.QueryLexer (str)\n  this.query = query\n  this.currentClause = {}\n  this.lexemeIdx = 0\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.prototype.parse = function () {\n  this.lexer.run()\n  this.lexemes = this.lexer.lexemes\n\n  var state = lunr.QueryParser.parseClause\n\n  while (state) {\n    state = state(this)\n  }\n\n  return this.query\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.prototype.peekLexeme = function () {\n  return this.lexemes[this.lexemeIdx]\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.prototype.consumeLexeme = function () {\n  var lexeme = this.peekLexeme()\n  this.lexemeIdx += 1\n  return lexeme\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.prototype.nextClause = function () {\n  var completedClause = this.currentClause\n  this.query.clause(completedClause)\n  this.currentClause = {}\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parseClause = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  switch (lexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parsePresence\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseField\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"expected either a field or a term, found \" + lexeme.type\n\n      if (lexeme.str.length >= 1) {\n        errorMessage += \" with value '\" + lexeme.str + \"'\"\n      }\n\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parsePresence = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.consumeLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  switch (lexeme.str) {\n    case \"-\":\n      parser.currentClause.presence = lunr.Query.presence.PROHIBITED\n      break\n    case \"+\":\n      parser.currentClause.presence = lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED\n      break\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"unrecognised presence operator'\" + lexeme.str + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  var nextLexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (nextLexeme == undefined) {\n    var errorMessage = \"expecting term or field, found nothing\"\n    throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  switch (nextLexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseField\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"expecting term or field, found '\" + nextLexeme.type + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, nextLexeme.start, nextLexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parseField = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.consumeLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  if (parser.query.allFields.indexOf(lexeme.str) == -1) {\n    var possibleFields = parser.query.allFields.map(function (f) { return \"'\" + f + \"'\" }).join(', '),\n        errorMessage = \"unrecognised field '\" + lexeme.str + \"', possible fields: \" + possibleFields\n\n    throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  parser.currentClause.fields = [lexeme.str]\n\n  var nextLexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (nextLexeme == undefined) {\n    var errorMessage = \"expecting term, found nothing\"\n    throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  switch (nextLexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"expecting term, found '\" + nextLexeme.type + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, nextLexeme.start, nextLexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parseTerm = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.consumeLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  parser.currentClause.term = lexeme.str.toLowerCase()\n\n  if (lexeme.str.indexOf(\"*\") != -1) {\n    parser.currentClause.usePipeline = false\n  }\n\n  var nextLexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (nextLexeme == undefined) {\n    parser.nextClause()\n    return\n  }\n\n  switch (nextLexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseField\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseEditDistance\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.BOOST:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseBoost\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parsePresence\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"Unexpected lexeme type '\" + nextLexeme.type + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, nextLexeme.start, nextLexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parseEditDistance = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.consumeLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  var editDistance = parseInt(lexeme.str, 10)\n\n  if (isNaN(editDistance)) {\n    var errorMessage = \"edit distance must be numeric\"\n    throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  parser.currentClause.editDistance = editDistance\n\n  var nextLexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (nextLexeme == undefined) {\n    parser.nextClause()\n    return\n  }\n\n  switch (nextLexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseField\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseEditDistance\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.BOOST:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseBoost\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parsePresence\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"Unexpected lexeme type '\" + nextLexeme.type + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, nextLexeme.start, nextLexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\nlunr.QueryParser.parseBoost = function (parser) {\n  var lexeme = parser.consumeLexeme()\n\n  if (lexeme == undefined) {\n    return\n  }\n\n  var boost = parseInt(lexeme.str, 10)\n\n  if (isNaN(boost)) {\n    var errorMessage = \"boost must be numeric\"\n    throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, lexeme.start, lexeme.end)\n  }\n\n  parser.currentClause.boost = boost\n\n  var nextLexeme = parser.peekLexeme()\n\n  if (nextLexeme == undefined) {\n    parser.nextClause()\n    return\n  }\n\n  switch (nextLexeme.type) {\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.TERM:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseTerm\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.FIELD:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseField\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.EDIT_DISTANCE:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseEditDistance\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.BOOST:\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parseBoost\n    case lunr.QueryLexer.PRESENCE:\n      parser.nextClause()\n      return lunr.QueryParser.parsePresence\n    default:\n      var errorMessage = \"Unexpected lexeme type '\" + nextLexeme.type + \"'\"\n      throw new lunr.QueryParseError (errorMessage, nextLexeme.start, nextLexeme.end)\n  }\n}\n\n  /**\n   * export the module via AMD, CommonJS or as a browser global\n   * Export code from https://github.com/umdjs/umd/blob/master/returnExports.js\n   */\n  ;(function (root, factory) {\n    if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {\n      // AMD. Register as an anonymous module.\n      define(factory)\n    } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {\n      /**\n       * Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but\n       * only CommonJS-like enviroments that support module.exports,\n       * like Node.\n       */\n      module.exports = factory()\n    } else {\n      // Browser globals (root is window)\n      root.lunr = factory()\n    }\n  }(this, function () {\n    /**\n     * Just return a value to define the module export.\n     * This example returns an object, but the module\n     * can return a function as the exported value.\n     */\n    return lunr\n  }))\n})();\n", "/*!\n * escape-html\n * Copyright(c) 2012-2013 TJ Holowaychuk\n * Copyright(c) 2015 Andreas Lubbe\n * Copyright(c) 2015 Tiancheng \"Timothy\" Gu\n * MIT Licensed\n */\n\n'use strict';\n\n/**\n * Module variables.\n * @private\n */\n\nvar matchHtmlRegExp = /[\"'&<>]/;\n\n/**\n * Module exports.\n * @public\n */\n\nmodule.exports = escapeHtml;\n\n/**\n * Escape special characters in the given string of html.\n *\n * @param  {string} string The string to escape for inserting into HTML\n * @return {string}\n * @public\n */\n\nfunction escapeHtml(string) {\n  var str = '' + string;\n  var match = matchHtmlRegExp.exec(str);\n\n  if (!match) {\n    return str;\n  }\n\n  var escape;\n  var html = '';\n  var index = 0;\n  var lastIndex = 0;\n\n  for (index = match.index; index < str.length; index++) {\n    switch (str.charCodeAt(index)) {\n      case 34: // \"\n        escape = '&quot;';\n        break;\n      case 38: // &\n        escape = '&amp;';\n        break;\n      case 39: // '\n        escape = '&#39;';\n        break;\n      case 60: // <\n        escape = '&lt;';\n        break;\n      case 62: // >\n        escape = '&gt;';\n        break;\n      default:\n        continue;\n    }\n\n    if (lastIndex !== index) {\n      html += str.substring(lastIndex, index);\n    }\n\n    lastIndex = index + 1;\n    html += escape;\n  }\n\n  return lastIndex !== index\n    ? html + str.substring(lastIndex, index)\n    : html;\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A RTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport lunr from \"lunr\"\n\nimport \"~/polyfills\"\n\nimport { Search, SearchIndexConfig } from \"../../_\"\nimport {\n  SearchMessage,\n  SearchMessageType\n} from \"../message\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Add support for usage with `iframe-worker` polyfill\n *\n * While `importScripts` is synchronous when executed inside of a web worker,\n * it's not possible to provide a synchronous polyfilled implementation. The\n * cool thing is that awaiting a non-Promise is a noop, so extending the type\n * definition to return a `Promise` shouldn't break anything.\n *\n * @see https://bit.ly/2PjDnXi - GitHub comment\n */\ndeclare global {\n  function importScripts(...urls: string[]): Promise<void> | void\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Data\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search index\n */\nlet index: Search\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Helper functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Fetch (= import) multi-language support through `lunr-languages`\n *\n * This function automatically imports the stemmers necessary to process the\n * languages, which are defined through the search index configuration.\n *\n * If the worker runs inside of an `iframe` (when using `iframe-worker` as\n * a shim), the base URL for the stemmers to be loaded must be determined by\n * searching for the first `script` element with a `src` attribute, which will\n * contain the contents of this script.\n *\n * @param config - Search index configuration\n *\n * @returns Promise resolving with no result\n */\nasync function setupSearchLanguages(\n  config: SearchIndexConfig\n): Promise<void> {\n  let base = \"../lunr\"\n\n  /* Detect `iframe-worker` and fix base URL */\n  if (typeof parent !== \"undefined\" && \"IFrameWorker\" in parent) {\n    const worker = document.querySelector<HTMLScriptElement>(\"script[src]\")!\n    const [path] = worker.src.split(\"/worker\")\n\n    /* Prefix base with path */\n    base = base.replace(\"..\", path)\n  }\n\n  /* Add scripts for languages */\n  const scripts = []\n  for (const lang of config.lang) {\n    switch (lang) {\n\n      /* Add segmenter for Japanese */\n      case \"ja\":\n        scripts.push(`${base}/tinyseg.js`)\n        break\n\n      /* Add segmenter for Hindi and Thai */\n      case \"hi\":\n      case \"th\":\n        scripts.push(`${base}/wordcut.js`)\n        break\n    }\n\n    /* Add language support */\n    if (lang !== \"en\")\n      scripts.push(`${base}/min/lunr.${lang}.min.js`)\n  }\n\n  /* Add multi-language support */\n  if (config.lang.length > 1)\n    scripts.push(`${base}/min/lunr.multi.min.js`)\n\n  /* Load scripts synchronously */\n  if (scripts.length)\n    await importScripts(\n      `${base}/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js`,\n      ...scripts\n    )\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Message handler\n *\n * @param message - Source message\n *\n * @returns Target message\n */\nexport async function handler(\n  message: SearchMessage\n): Promise<SearchMessage> {\n  switch (message.type) {\n\n    /* Search setup message */\n    case SearchMessageType.SETUP:\n      await setupSearchLanguages(message.data.config)\n      index = new Search(message.data)\n      return {\n        type: SearchMessageType.READY\n      }\n\n    /* Search query message */\n    case SearchMessageType.QUERY:\n      return {\n        type: SearchMessageType.RESULT,\n        data: index ? index.search(message.data) : { items: [] }\n      }\n\n    /* All other messages */\n    default:\n      throw new TypeError(\"Invalid message type\")\n  }\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Worker\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* @ts-expect-error - expose Lunr.js in global scope, or stemmers won't work */\nself.lunr = lunr\n\n/* Handle messages */\naddEventListener(\"message\", async ev => {\n  postMessage(await handler(ev.data))\n})\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Polyfills\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Polyfill `Object.entries` */\nif (!Object.entries)\n  Object.entries = function (obj: object) {\n    const data: [string, string][] = []\n    for (const key of Object.keys(obj))\n      // @ts-expect-error - ignore property access warning\n      data.push([key, obj[key]])\n\n    /* Return entries */\n    return data\n  }\n\n/* Polyfill `Object.values` */\nif (!Object.values)\n  Object.values = function (obj: object) {\n    const data: string[] = []\n    for (const key of Object.keys(obj))\n      // @ts-expect-error - ignore property access warning\n      data.push(obj[key])\n\n    /* Return values */\n    return data\n  }\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/* Polyfills for `Element` */\nif (typeof Element !== \"undefined\") {\n\n  /* Polyfill `Element.scrollTo` */\n  if (!Element.prototype.scrollTo)\n    Element.prototype.scrollTo = function (\n      x?: ScrollToOptions | number, y?: number\n    ): void {\n      if (typeof x === \"object\") {\n        this.scrollLeft = x.left!\n        this.scrollTop = x.top!\n      } else {\n        this.scrollLeft = x!\n        this.scrollTop = y!\n      }\n    }\n\n  /* Polyfill `Element.replaceWith` */\n  if (!Element.prototype.replaceWith)\n    Element.prototype.replaceWith = function (\n      ...nodes: Array<string | Node>\n    ): void {\n      const parent = this.parentNode\n      if (parent) {\n        if (nodes.length === 0)\n          parent.removeChild(this)\n\n        /* Replace children and create text nodes */\n        for (let i = nodes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {\n          let node = nodes[i]\n          if (typeof node === \"string\")\n            node = document.createTextNode(node)\n          else if (node.parentNode)\n            node.parentNode.removeChild(node)\n\n          /* Replace child or insert before previous sibling */\n          if (!i)\n            parent.replaceChild(node, this)\n          else\n            parent.insertBefore(this.previousSibling!, node)\n        }\n      }\n    }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport escapeHTML from \"escape-html\"\n\nimport { SearchIndexDocument } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search document\n */\nexport interface SearchDocument extends SearchIndexDocument {\n  parent?: SearchIndexDocument         /* Parent article */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search document mapping\n */\nexport type SearchDocumentMap = Map<string, SearchDocument>\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Create a search document mapping\n *\n * @param docs - Search index documents\n *\n * @returns Search document map\n */\nexport function setupSearchDocumentMap(\n  docs: SearchIndexDocument[]\n): SearchDocumentMap {\n  const documents = new Map<string, SearchDocument>()\n  const parents   = new Set<SearchDocument>()\n  for (const doc of docs) {\n    const [path, hash] = doc.location.split(\"#\")\n\n    /* Extract location, title and tags */\n    const location = doc.location\n    const title    = doc.title\n    const tags     = doc.tags\n\n    /* Escape and cleanup text */\n    const text = escapeHTML(doc.text)\n      .replace(/\\s+(?=[,.:;!?])/g, \"\")\n      .replace(/\\s+/g, \" \")\n\n    /* Handle section */\n    if (hash) {\n      const parent = documents.get(path)!\n\n      /* Ignore first section, override article */\n      if (!parents.has(parent)) {\n        parent.title = doc.title\n        parent.text  = text\n\n        /* Remember that we processed the article */\n        parents.add(parent)\n\n      /* Add subsequent section */\n      } else {\n        documents.set(location, {\n          location,\n          title,\n          text,\n          parent\n        })\n      }\n\n    /* Add article */\n    } else {\n      documents.set(location, {\n        location,\n        title,\n        text,\n        ...tags && { tags }\n      })\n    }\n  }\n  return documents\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport escapeHTML from \"escape-html\"\n\nimport { SearchIndexConfig } from \"../_\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search highlight function\n *\n * @param value - Value\n *\n * @returns Highlighted value\n */\nexport type SearchHighlightFn = (value: string) => string\n\n/**\n * Search highlight factory function\n *\n * @param query - Query value\n *\n * @returns Search highlight function\n */\nexport type SearchHighlightFactoryFn = (query: string) => SearchHighlightFn\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Create a search highlighter\n *\n * @param config - Search index configuration\n * @param escape - Whether to escape HTML\n *\n * @returns Search highlight factory function\n */\nexport function setupSearchHighlighter(\n  config: SearchIndexConfig, escape: boolean\n): SearchHighlightFactoryFn {\n  const separator = new RegExp(config.separator, \"img\")\n  const highlight = (_: unknown, data: string, term: string) => {\n    return `${data}<mark data-md-highlight>${term}</mark>`\n  }\n\n  /* Return factory function */\n  return (query: string) => {\n    query = query\n      .replace(/[\\s*+\\-:~^]+/g, \" \")\n      .trim()\n\n    /* Create search term match expression */\n    const match = new RegExp(`(^|${config.separator})(${\n      query\n        .replace(/[|\\\\{}()[\\]^$+*?.-]/g, \"\\\\$&\")\n        .replace(separator, \"|\")\n    })`, \"img\")\n\n    /* Highlight string value */\n    return value => (\n      escape\n        ? escapeHTML(value)\n        : value\n      )\n        .replace(match, highlight)\n        .replace(/<\\/mark>(\\s+)<mark[^>]*>/img, \"$1\")\n  }\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search query clause\n */\nexport interface SearchQueryClause {\n  presence: lunr.Query.presence        /* Clause presence */\n  term: string                         /* Clause term */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search query terms\n */\nexport type SearchQueryTerms = Record<string, boolean>\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Parse a search query for analysis\n *\n * @param value - Query value\n *\n * @returns Search query clauses\n */\nexport function parseSearchQuery(\n  value: string\n): SearchQueryClause[] {\n  const query  = new (lunr as any).Query([\"title\", \"text\"])\n  const parser = new (lunr as any).QueryParser(value, query)\n\n  /* Parse and return query clauses */\n  parser.parse()\n  return query.clauses\n}\n\n/**\n * Analyze the search query clauses in regard to the search terms found\n *\n * @param query - Search query clauses\n * @param terms - Search terms\n *\n * @returns Search query terms\n */\nexport function getSearchQueryTerms(\n  query: SearchQueryClause[], terms: string[]\n): SearchQueryTerms {\n  const clauses = new Set<SearchQueryClause>(query)\n\n  /* Match query clauses against terms */\n  const result: SearchQueryTerms = {}\n  for (let t = 0; t < terms.length; t++)\n    for (const clause of clauses)\n      if (terms[t].startsWith(clause.term)) {\n        result[clause.term] = true\n        clauses.delete(clause)\n      }\n\n  /* Annotate unmatched non-stopword query clauses */\n  for (const clause of clauses)\n    if (lunr.stopWordFilter?.(clause.term as any))\n      result[clause.term] = false\n\n  /* Return query terms */\n  return result\n}\n", "/*\n * Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\n * of this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to\n * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the\n * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or\n * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\n * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in\n * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\n * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\n * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING\n * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS\n * IN THE SOFTWARE.\n */\n\nimport {\n  SearchDocument,\n  SearchDocumentMap,\n  setupSearchDocumentMap\n} from \"../document\"\nimport {\n  SearchHighlightFactoryFn,\n  setupSearchHighlighter\n} from \"../highlighter\"\nimport { SearchOptions } from \"../options\"\nimport {\n  SearchQueryTerms,\n  getSearchQueryTerms,\n  parseSearchQuery\n} from \"../query\"\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Types\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search index configuration\n */\nexport interface SearchIndexConfig {\n  lang: string[]                       /* Search languages */\n  separator: string                    /* Search separator */\n}\n\n/**\n * Search index document\n */\nexport interface SearchIndexDocument {\n  location: string                     /* Document location */\n  title: string                        /* Document title */\n  text: string                         /* Document text */\n  tags?: string[]                      /* Document tags */\n  boost?: number                       /* Document boost */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search index\n *\n * This interfaces describes the format of the `search_index.json` file which\n * is automatically built by the MkDocs search plugin.\n */\nexport interface SearchIndex {\n  config: SearchIndexConfig            /* Search index configuration */\n  docs: SearchIndexDocument[]          /* Search index documents */\n  options: SearchOptions               /* Search options */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search metadata\n */\nexport interface SearchMetadata {\n  score: number                        /* Score (relevance) */\n  terms: SearchQueryTerms              /* Search query terms */\n}\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search result document\n */\nexport type SearchResultDocument = SearchDocument & SearchMetadata\n\n/**\n * Search result item\n */\nexport type SearchResultItem = SearchResultDocument[]\n\n/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search result\n */\nexport interface SearchResult {\n  items: SearchResultItem[]            /* Search result items */\n  suggestions?: string[]               /* Search suggestions */\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Functions\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Compute the difference of two lists of strings\n *\n * @param a - 1st list of strings\n * @param b - 2nd list of strings\n *\n * @returns Difference\n */\nfunction difference(a: string[], b: string[]): string[] {\n  const [x, y] = [new Set(a), new Set(b)]\n  return [\n    ...new Set([...x].filter(value => !y.has(value)))\n  ]\n}\n\n/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n * Class\n * ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */\n\n/**\n * Search index\n */\nexport class Search {\n\n  /**\n   * Search document mapping\n   *\n   * A mapping of URLs (including hash fragments) to the actual articles and\n   * sections of the documentation. The search document mapping must be created\n   * regardless of whether the index was prebuilt or not, as Lunr.js itself\n   * only stores the actual index.\n   */\n  protected documents: SearchDocumentMap\n\n  /**\n   * Search highlight factory function\n   */\n  protected highlight: SearchHighlightFactoryFn\n\n  /**\n   * The underlying Lunr.js search index\n   */\n  protected index: lunr.Index\n\n  /**\n   * Search options\n   */\n  protected options: SearchOptions\n\n  /**\n   * Create the search integration\n   *\n   * @param data - Search index\n   */\n  public constructor({ config, docs, options }: SearchIndex) {\n    this.options = options\n\n    /* Set up document map and highlighter factory */\n    this.documents = setupSearchDocumentMap(docs)\n    this.highlight = setupSearchHighlighter(config, false)\n\n    /* Set separator for tokenizer */\n    lunr.tokenizer.separator = new RegExp(config.separator)\n\n    /* Create search index */\n    this.index = lunr(function () {\n\n      /* Set up multi-language support */\n      if (config.lang.length === 1 && config.lang[0] !== \"en\") {\n        this.use((lunr as any)[config.lang[0]])\n      } else if (config.lang.length > 1) {\n        this.use((lunr as any).multiLanguage(...config.lang))\n      }\n\n      /* Compute functions to be removed from the pipeline */\n      const fns = difference([\n        \"trimmer\", \"stopWordFilter\", \"stemmer\"\n      ], options.pipeline)\n\n      /* Remove functions from the pipeline for registered languages */\n      for (const lang of config.lang.map(language => (\n        language === \"en\" ? lunr : (lunr as any)[language]\n      ))) {\n        for (const fn of fns) {\n          this.pipeline.remove(lang[fn])\n          this.searchPipeline.remove(lang[fn])\n        }\n      }\n\n      /* Set up reference */\n      this.ref(\"location\")\n\n      /* Set up fields */\n      this.field(\"title\", { boost: 1e3 })\n      this.field(\"text\")\n      this.field(\"tags\", { boost: 1e6, extractor: doc => {\n        const { tags = [] } = doc as SearchDocument\n        return tags.reduce((list, tag) => [\n          ...list,\n          ...lunr.tokenizer(tag)\n        ], [] as lunr.Token[])\n      } })\n\n      /* Index documents */\n      for (const doc of docs)\n        this.add(doc, { boost: doc.boost })\n    })\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Search for matching documents\n   *\n   * The search index which MkDocs provides is divided up into articles, which\n   * contain the whole content of the individual pages, and sections, which only\n   * contain the contents of the subsections obtained by breaking the individual\n   * pages up at `h1` ... `h6`. As there may be many sections on different pages\n   * with identical titles (for example within this very project, e.g. \"Usage\"\n   * or \"Installation\"), they need to be put into the context of the containing\n   * page. For this reason, section results are grouped within their respective\n   * articles which are the top-level results that are returned.\n   *\n   * @param query - Query value\n   *\n   * @returns Search results\n   */\n  public search(query: string): SearchResult {\n    if (query) {\n      try {\n        const highlight = this.highlight(query)\n\n        /* Parse query to extract clauses for analysis */\n        const clauses = parseSearchQuery(query)\n          .filter(clause => (\n            clause.presence !== lunr.Query.presence.PROHIBITED\n          ))\n\n        /* Perform search and post-process results */\n        const groups = this.index.search(`${query}*`)\n\n          /* Apply post-query boosts based on title and search query terms */\n          .reduce<SearchResultItem>((item, { ref, score, matchData }) => {\n            const document = this.documents.get(ref)\n            if (typeof document !== \"undefined\") {\n              const { location, title, text, tags, parent } = document\n\n              /* Compute and analyze search query terms */\n              const terms = getSearchQueryTerms(\n                clauses,\n                Object.keys(matchData.metadata)\n              )\n\n              /* Highlight title and text and apply post-query boosts */\n              const boost = +!parent + +Object.values(terms).every(t => t)\n              item.push({\n                location,\n                title: highlight(title),\n                text:  highlight(text),\n                ...tags && { tags: tags.map(highlight) },\n                score: score * (1 + boost),\n                terms\n              })\n            }\n            return item\n          }, [])\n\n          /* Sort search results again after applying boosts */\n          .sort((a, b) => b.score - a.score)\n\n          /* Group search results by page */\n          .reduce((items, result) => {\n            const document = this.documents.get(result.location)\n            if (typeof document !== \"undefined\") {\n              const ref = \"parent\" in document\n                ? document.parent!.location\n                : document.location\n              items.set(ref, [...items.get(ref) || [], result])\n            }\n            return items\n          }, new Map<string, SearchResultItem>())\n\n        /* Generate search suggestions, if desired */\n        let suggestions: string[] | undefined\n        if (this.options.suggestions) {\n          const titles = this.index.query(builder => {\n            for (const clause of clauses)\n              builder.term(clause.term, {\n                fields: [\"title\"],\n                presence: lunr.Query.presence.REQUIRED,\n                wildcard: lunr.Query.wildcard.TRAILING\n              })\n          })\n\n          /* Retrieve suggestions for best match */\n          suggestions = titles.length\n            ? Object.keys(titles[0].matchData.metadata)\n            : []\n        }\n\n        /* Return items and suggestions */\n        return {\n          items: [...groups.values()],\n          ...typeof suggestions !== \"undefined\" && { suggestions }\n        }\n\n      /* Log errors to console (for now) */\n      } catch {\n        console.warn(`Invalid query: ${query} \u2013 see https://bit.ly/2s3ChXG`)\n      }\n    }\n\n    /* Return nothing in case of error or empty query */\n    return { items: [] }\n  }\n}\n"],
+  "mappings": 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diff --git a/assets/stylesheets/extra.0d2c79a8.min.css.map b/assets/stylesheets/extra.0d2c79a8.min.css.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cd262c03
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css b/assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dac48ba7
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+++ b/assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css
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diff --git a/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css b/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3c005dd6
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+++ b/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css
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diff --git a/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css.map b/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3aec1903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css.map
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diff --git a/assets/terraform/access-logo.svg b/assets/terraform/access-logo.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93ed1f4e
--- /dev/null
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diff --git a/assets/terraform/z2jh.example.tfvars b/assets/terraform/z2jh.example.tfvars
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7cc5b1df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/terraform/z2jh.example.tfvars
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+### Set the floating_ip address for DNS redirections ###
+
+# jupyterhub_floating_ip="149.165.152.223"
+### Set up the Security Groups (re=used from Horizon) ###
+
+security_groups = ["default","cacao-default","cacao-k8s"]
+### Give the Deployment a Name (shorter is better) ###
+instance_name = "jh-prod"
+### Horizon Account User ID and ACCESS-CI Project Account ###
+
+username = "${USER}"
+project = "BIO220085"
+# Horizon SSH key-pair
+keypair = "${USER}-default"
+### Set the Number of Instances (Master + Workers) ###
+instance_count = 6
+# Storage Volume Size in GiB 
+jh_storage_size=1000
+# Storage Volume directory path
+jh_storage_mount_dir="/home/shared"
+# OS type
+image_name = "Featured-Ubuntu22"
+# Worker VM Flavor
+flavor = "m3.medium"
+# Master VM Flavor (m3.medium or larger is recommended)
+flavor_master = "m3.medium"
+### Run JupyterHub on Master Node ###
+
+do_jh_singleuser_exclude_master="true"
+
+# Jetstream2 Region
+region = "IU"
+# VM image (root disk) sizes
+root_storage_size = 100
+root_storage_type = "volume"
+
+# Enable GPUs (true/false) - use "true" with "g3" flavors
+do_enable_gpu=false
+### Zero 2 JupyterHub with K3s Rancher Configuration ###
+jupyterhub_deploy_strategy="z2jh_k3s"
+### Ansible-based Setup for JupyterHub ###
+
+do_ansible_execution=true
+### CPU usage per user utilization 10000m = 100% of 1 core ###
+
+jh_resources_request_cpu="3000m"
+
+### Memory RAM per-user requirement in Gigibytes ###
+
+jh_resources_request_memory="10Gi"
+    
+### Set Power Status ###
+power_state = "active"
+# power_state = "shelved_offloaded"
+### Pre-Cache images? ###
+do_jh_precache_images=false
+user_data = ""
+### JupyterHub Configurations ###
+# set the type of authentication, comment out Dummy or OAuth
+# OAuth-type (GitHub Authentication)
+# jupyterhub_oauth2_clientid="02b0a98c5d1547101514"
+# jupyterhub_oauth2_secret="ac658055d848e787c31803afd973a05fbdb98f64"
+
+# Dummy-type Authentication
+jupyterhub_authentication="dummy"
+# set the dummy username password
+jupyterhub_dummy_password="password"
+# Specify the JupyterHub admins
+jupyterhub_admins="${USER}"
+
+# add JupyterHub student account usernames 
+jupyterhub_allowed_users="${USER}, student1, student2, student3, student4"
+### Select a JupyterHub-ready image ###
+
+#jupyterhub_singleuser_image="harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch"
+jupyterhub_singleuser_image="jupyter/datascience-notebook"
+jupyterhub_singleuser_image_tag="latest"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cloud/aws/aws.md b/cloud/aws/aws.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5636be70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/aws/aws.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+## Creating Your First AWS Account
+
+### Introduction
+
+This tutorial will guide you through the basics of creating your first AWS account.
+
+### Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage
+- Navigate to the [AWS homepage](https://aws.amazon.com/){target=_blank}.
+- Click on the "Create an AWS Account" button, usually located at the top right corner.
+
+### Step 2: Sign Up
+- You'll be prompted to enter your email address. If you already have an Amazon account, you can use that email. Otherwise, create a new one.
+- Choose "I am a new user" and click on "Sign in using our secure server".
+- Fill in the required details, including your name, email, and desired password.
+
+### Step 3: Contact Information
+- Choose "Professional" if you're setting this up for your organization or work. Otherwise, choose "Personal".
+- Fill in the required contact details. Ensure the information is accurate, as AWS might use it for verification purposes.
+
+### Step 4: Payment Information
+- Enter your credit card details. AWS requires this even for the Free Tier, but you won't be charged unless you exceed the Free Tier limits.
+
+### Step 5: Identity Verification
+- AWS will call you to verify your identity. Enter the PIN you receive during the call.
+
+### Step 6: Choose a Support Plan
+- AWS offers various support plans. For starters, you can choose the "Basic Plan" which is free.
+
+### Step 7: Confirmation
+- Once all steps are completed, you'll receive a confirmation message. Congratulations, you now have an AWS account!
+
+### Step 8: Access AWS Services
+- After setting up your account, you can access the AWS Management Console to explore various AWS services.
+
+---
+
+**Note**: Always set a budget to monitor your usage to avoid unexpected charges. AWS Free Tier offers a generous amount of resources, but exceeding those limits can result in charges.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cloud/aws/index.html b/cloud/aws/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f53d7eab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/aws/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1502 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
+      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+      
+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
+      
+      
+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
+      
+        <link rel="canonical" href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/aws/">
+      
+      <link rel="icon" href="../../assets/favicon.png">
+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
+    
+    
+      
+        <title>Amazon Web Services - Cloud Native Camp</title>
+      
+    
+    
+      <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css">
+      
+        
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css">
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+
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+    <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
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+          <a href="../..">Home</a>
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+        Code of Conduct
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
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+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        </label>
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+          
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+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
+      
+      
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+  
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+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
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+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
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+      
+        
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+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" checked>
+      
+      
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+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Amazon Web Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-your-first-aws-account" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating Your First AWS Account
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Creating Your First AWS Account">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#introduction" class="md-nav__link">
+    Introduction
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-1-visit-the-aws-homepage" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-2-sign-up" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 2: Sign Up
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-3-contact-information" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 3: Contact Information
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-4-payment-information" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 4: Payment Information
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-5-identity-verification" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 5: Identity Verification
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-6-choose-a-support-plan" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 6: Choose a Support Plan
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-7-confirmation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 7: Confirmation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-8-access-aws-services" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 8: Access AWS Services
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
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+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-your-first-aws-account" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating Your First AWS Account
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Creating Your First AWS Account">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#introduction" class="md-nav__link">
+    Introduction
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-1-visit-the-aws-homepage" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-2-sign-up" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 2: Sign Up
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-3-contact-information" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 3: Contact Information
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-4-payment-information" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 4: Payment Information
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-5-identity-verification" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 5: Identity Verification
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-6-choose-a-support-plan" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 6: Choose a Support Plan
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-7-confirmation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 7: Confirmation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#step-8-access-aws-services" class="md-nav__link">
+    Step 8: Access AWS Services
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/cloud/aws.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Amazon Web Services</h1>
+
+<h2 id="creating-your-first-aws-account">Creating Your First AWS Account<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-your-first-aws-account" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="introduction">Introduction<a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>This tutorial will guide you through the basics of creating your first AWS account.</p>
+<h3 id="step-1-visit-the-aws-homepage">Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage<a class="headerlink" href="#step-1-visit-the-aws-homepage" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Navigate to the <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/" target="_blank">AWS homepage</a>.</li>
+<li>Click on the "Create an AWS Account" button, usually located at the top right corner.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-2-sign-up">Step 2: Sign Up<a class="headerlink" href="#step-2-sign-up" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>You'll be prompted to enter your email address. If you already have an Amazon account, you can use that email. Otherwise, create a new one.</li>
+<li>Choose "I am a new user" and click on "Sign in using our secure server".</li>
+<li>Fill in the required details, including your name, email, and desired password.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-3-contact-information">Step 3: Contact Information<a class="headerlink" href="#step-3-contact-information" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Choose "Professional" if you're setting this up for your organization or work. Otherwise, choose "Personal".</li>
+<li>Fill in the required contact details. Ensure the information is accurate, as AWS might use it for verification purposes.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-4-payment-information">Step 4: Payment Information<a class="headerlink" href="#step-4-payment-information" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Enter your credit card details. AWS requires this even for the Free Tier, but you won't be charged unless you exceed the Free Tier limits.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-5-identity-verification">Step 5: Identity Verification<a class="headerlink" href="#step-5-identity-verification" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>AWS will call you to verify your identity. Enter the PIN you receive during the call.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-6-choose-a-support-plan">Step 6: Choose a Support Plan<a class="headerlink" href="#step-6-choose-a-support-plan" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>AWS offers various support plans. For starters, you can choose the "Basic Plan" which is free.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="step-7-confirmation">Step 7: Confirmation<a class="headerlink" href="#step-7-confirmation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Once all steps are completed, you'll receive a confirmation message. Congratulations, you now have an AWS account!</li>
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+<h3 id="step-8-access-aws-services">Step 8: Access AWS Services<a class="headerlink" href="#step-8-access-aws-services" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
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+<li>After setting up your account, you can access the AWS Management Console to explore various AWS services.</li>
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diff --git a/cloud/codespaces/codespaces.md b/cloud/codespaces/codespaces.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..040619bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/codespaces/codespaces.md
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# GitHub :octicons-codespaces-16: CodeSpaces
+
+For this workshop, we are working in GitHub [:octicons-codespaces-16: CodeSpaces](https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces){target=_blank}. You will be given access to an organization where CodeSpaces have been enabled for the duration of the workshop. 
+
+??? Question "What is a 'Development Environment'?"
+
+    A development environment or "dev environment" for short, is a place where software can be written and tested without impacting users or "production environments" as part of the software lifecycle.
+    
+    Containers-within-containers are another way to think about this paradigm. We create a containerized Integrated Development Environment (IDE) container which has all of our favorite software development tools and visual software (e.g., :material-microsoft-visual-studio-code: VSCode) where we can write our program and try out new package installations.
+    
+    **Terminology:**
+    
+    ***:material-dev-to: Development Environment***: Environment for development tasks such as designing, programming, debugging, etc.
+
+    ***:material-test-tube-empty: Test Environment***: an environment with the same configuration as the "production environment" where testing can be done without interrupting the main service, also called Q/A or "Quality Assurance Environment". 
+    
+    ***:material-test-tube: Staging Environment***: Where the work from testing is merged into the built system before public release. 
+    
+    ***:octicons-verified-16: Production Environment***: The environment where users interact with the now-public tools. 
+    
+[:simple-github: GitHub :octicons-codespaces-24: CodeSpaces](https://github.com/features/codespaces){target=_blank} provides you with a fully featured Dev Environment running on [:simple-microsoftazure: Microsoft Azure](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us){target=_blank}. 
+
+You have been granted access to [GitHub Education](https://education.github.com/){target=_blank}, and can use CodeSpaces and [:octicons-copilot-24: CoPilot](https://github.com/features/copilot){target=_blank} during the workshop.
+
+:octicons-codespaces-24: CodeSpace links with your GitHub account for a seamless experience working on code in a Git repository.
+
+:octicons-copilot-24: CoPilot is an AI programmer assistant that can help you write code using comments as prompts.
+
+??? Question "How can you get your own educational GitHub & CodeSpaces?"
+
+    You can gain access to discounted GitHub CodeSpaces by enrolling your GitHub account with [GitHub Education](https://education.github.com/){target=_blank} and then applying the [educator discount](https://education.github.com/discount_requests/teacher_application){target=_blank} to your organizations and repos.
+    
+    Not interested in using GitHub based dev environments? Check out [GitPod](https://www.gitpod.io/){target=_blank} or [GitLub Education](https://about.gitlab.com/solutions/education/){target=_blank} and [Developer Environments](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/development/){target=_blank}
+
+??? Question "How do I use CoPilot?"
+
+    [Install and enable CoPilot on your VSCode](https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces/codespaces-reference/using-github-copilot-in-github-codespaces){target=_blank} (locally, logging into GitHub, or remotely in CodeSpace).
+    
+    Try adding a comment to the top of a file, like your new `Dockerfile`, wait a few seconds 
+    
+    ```
+    # Create a Dockerfile which uses an Ubuntu 22.04 featured base image, 
+    FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+    # then install Python 3.10 and pip,
+    RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y python3.10 python3-pip
+
+    #  and give it an ENTRYPOINT to run Python 3.10
+    ENTRYPOINT [ "python3.10" ]
+    ```
+
+## Starting a CodeSpace
+
+When a GitHub Organization and Repository have CodeSpaces enabled you will see a "Code" button above the README.md
+
+![codespace_1](../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_1.png){width="300"}
+
+Click on the "Code" button and start a new CodeSpace
+
+![codespace_2](../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_2.png){width="300"}
+
+Select the size of the CodeSpace you want (2-4 cores and 4GB to 8GB of RAM should be plenty for today)
+
+![codespace_3](../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_3.png){width="300"}
+
+Click "Create CodeSpace"
+
+You will be taken to a loading screen, and after a few moments (<2 minutes) your browser will change to a VS Code instance in your browser.
+
+![codespace_4](../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_4.png){width="500"}
+
+Notice, the GitHub repository where you initiated the CodeSpace is set as the working directory of the EXPLORER :material-file-document-multiple: in the upper left side of VS Code interface. You're in your Git repo, and are able to work with Python, Docker, Node, or any one of many featured developer tools. Further, you can install any tools you like!
+
+![codespace_5](../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_5.png){width="600"}
diff --git a/cloud/codespaces/index.html b/cloud/codespaces/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..00fe42da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/codespaces/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1375 @@
+
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          GitHub CodeSpaces
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+    
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+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#starting-a-codespace" class="md-nav__link">
+    Starting a CodeSpace
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
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+      
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+  
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+      <a href="../aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
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+      </nav>
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+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
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+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
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+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#starting-a-codespace" class="md-nav__link">
+    Starting a CodeSpace
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
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+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/cloud/codespaces.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="github-codespaces">GitHub <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h8.5C13.216 0 14 .784 14 1.75v5a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75 1.75h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 6.75v-5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-8.5zM0 11.25c0-.966.784-1.75 1.75-1.75h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v3A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25v-3zM1.75 11a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v3c0 .138.112.25.25.25h12.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3 12.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75zm4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-4.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75z"/></svg></span> CodeSpaces<a class="headerlink" href="#github-codespaces" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p>For this workshop, we are working in GitHub <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h8.5C13.216 0 14 .784 14 1.75v5a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75 1.75h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 6.75v-5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-8.5zM0 11.25c0-.966.784-1.75 1.75-1.75h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v3A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25v-3zM1.75 11a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v3c0 .138.112.25.25.25h12.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3 12.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75zm4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-4.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75z"/></svg></span> CodeSpaces</a>. You will be given access to an organization where CodeSpaces have been enabled for the duration of the workshop. </p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>What is a 'Development Environment'?</summary>
+<p>A development environment or "dev environment" for short, is a place where software can be written and tested without impacting users or "production environments" as part of the software lifecycle.</p>
+<p>Containers-within-containers are another way to think about this paradigm. We create a containerized Integrated Development Environment (IDE) container which has all of our favorite software development tools and visual software (e.g., <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 16.47V7.39l-6 4.54M2.22 9.19a.858.858 0 0 1-.02-1.15l1.2-1.11c.2-.18.69-.26 1.05 0l3.42 2.61 7.93-7.25c.32-.32.87-.45 1.5-.12l4 1.91c.36.21.7.54.7 1.15v13.5c0 .4-.29.83-.6 1l-4.4 2.1c-.32.13-.92.01-1.13-.2l-8.02-7.3-3.4 2.6c-.38.26-.85.19-1.05 0l-1.2-1.1c-.32-.33-.28-.87.05-1.2l3-2.7"/></svg></span> VSCode) where we can write our program and try out new package installations.</p>
+<p><strong>Terminology:</strong></p>
+<p><strong><em><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.73 11.93c0 1.72-.02 1.83-.23 2.07-.19.17-.38.23-.76.23l-.51.01-.03-2.27-.02-2.27h.52c.35 0 .6.07.77.21.24.21.26.25.26 2.02M22 7.5v9c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2H4c-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2v-9c0-1.11.89-2 2-2h16c1.11 0 2 .89 2 2M8.93 11.73c-.03-1.84-.05-1.99-.29-2.39-.4-.68-.85-.84-2.36-.84H5v7h1.21c1.33 0 1.89-.17 2.29-.71.41-.53.5-.98.43-3.06m4.19-3.23h-1.48c-1.49 0-1.5 0-1.71.28S9.7 9.21 9.7 12v2.96l.27.27c.25.27.31.27 1.71.27h1.44v-1.19l-1.09-.04-1.1-.03V12.6l.68-.03.66-.04v-1.19h-1.39V9.7h2.24V8.5m5.88.06c0-.06-.3-.06-.66-.06l-.68.06-.59 2.35c-.38 1.48-.62 2.27-.67 2.13-.08-.27-1.14-4.44-1.14-4.49 0-.05-.31-.05-.68-.05h-.69l.41 1.55c.2.87.59 2.28.81 3.15.34 1.35.46 1.65.75 1.94.2.22.45.36.61.36.33 0 .76-.34.9-.73C17.5 14.5 19 8.69 19 8.56Z"/></svg></span> Development Environment</em></strong>: Environment for development tasks such as designing, programming, debugging, etc.</p>
+<p><strong><em><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 2h10v2h-1v14a4 4 0 0 1-4 4 4 4 0 0 1-4-4V4H7V2m7 2h-4v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 2-2V4Z"/></svg></span> Test Environment</em></strong>: an environment with the same configuration as the "production environment" where testing can be done without interrupting the main service, also called Q/A or "Quality Assurance Environment". </p>
+<p><strong><em><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 2v2h1v14a4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4V4h1V2H7m4 14c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1 1 .4 1 1-.4 1-1 1m2-4c-.6 0-1-.4-1-1s.4-1 1-1 1 .4 1 1-.4 1-1 1m1-5h-4V4h4v3Z"/></svg></span> Staging Environment</em></strong>: Where the work from testing is merged into the built system before public release. </p>
+<p><strong><em><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M9.585.52a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-3.17 0l-.928.68a1.178 1.178 0 0 1-.518.215L3.83 1.59a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-2.24 2.24l-.175 1.14a1.178 1.178 0 0 1-.215.518l-.68.928a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 0 3.17l.68.928c.113.153.186.33.215.518l.175 1.138a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 2.24 2.24l1.138.175c.187.029.365.102.518.215l.928.68a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 3.17 0l.928-.68a1.17 1.17 0 0 1 .518-.215l1.138-.175a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 2.241-2.241l.175-1.138c.029-.187.102-.365.215-.518l.68-.928a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 0-3.17l-.68-.928a1.179 1.179 0 0 1-.215-.518L14.41 3.83a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-2.24-2.24l-1.138-.175a1.179 1.179 0 0 1-.518-.215L9.585.52zM7.303 1.728c.415-.305.98-.305 1.394 0l.928.68c.348.256.752.423 1.18.489l1.136.174c.51.078.909.478.987.987l.174 1.137c.066.427.233.831.489 1.18l.68.927c.305.415.305.98 0 1.394l-.68.928a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-.489 1.18l-.174 1.136a1.178 1.178 0 0 1-.987.987l-1.137.174a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-1.18.489l-.927.68c-.415.305-.98.305-1.394 0l-.928-.68a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-1.18-.489l-1.136-.174a1.178 1.178 0 0 1-.987-.987l-.174-1.137a2.678 2.678 0 0 0-.489-1.18l-.68-.927a1.178 1.178 0 0 1 0-1.394l.68-.928c.256-.348.423-.752.489-1.18l.174-1.136c.078-.51.478-.909.987-.987l1.137-.174a2.678 2.678 0 0 0 1.18-.489l.927-.68zM11.28 6.78a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06-1.06L7 8.94 5.78 7.72a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06l1.75 1.75a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06 0l3.75-3.75z"/></svg></span> Production Environment</em></strong>: The environment where users interact with the now-public tools. </p>
+</details>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/features/codespaces" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 .297c-6.63 0-12 5.373-12 12 0 5.303 3.438 9.8 8.205 11.385.6.113.82-.258.82-.577 0-.285-.01-1.04-.015-2.04-3.338.724-4.042-1.61-4.042-1.61C4.422 18.07 3.633 17.7 3.633 17.7c-1.087-.744.084-.729.084-.729 1.205.084 1.838 1.236 1.838 1.236 1.07 1.835 2.809 1.305 3.495.998.108-.776.417-1.305.76-1.605-2.665-.3-5.466-1.332-5.466-5.93 0-1.31.465-2.38 1.235-3.22-.135-.303-.54-1.523.105-3.176 0 0 1.005-.322 3.3 1.23.96-.267 1.98-.399 3-.405 1.02.006 2.04.138 3 .405 2.28-1.552 3.285-1.23 3.285-1.23.645 1.653.24 2.873.12 3.176.765.84 1.23 1.91 1.23 3.22 0 4.61-2.805 5.625-5.475 5.92.42.36.81 1.096.81 2.22 0 1.606-.015 2.896-.015 3.286 0 .315.21.69.825.57C20.565 22.092 24 17.592 24 12.297c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12"/></svg></span> GitHub <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3.5 3.75C3.5 2.784 4.284 2 5.25 2h13.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 18.75 13H5.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h13.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H5.25zM1.5 15.75c0-.966.784-1.75 1.75-1.75h17.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v4a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75 1.75H3.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75v-4zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v4c0 .138.112.25.25.25h17.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-4a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H3.25z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10 17.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h6.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-6.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75zm-4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75z"/></svg></span> CodeSpaces</a> provides you with a fully featured Dev Environment running on <a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22.379 23.343a1.62 1.62 0 0 0 1.536-2.14v.002L17.35 1.76A1.62 1.62 0 0 0 15.816.657H8.184A1.62 1.62 0 0 0 6.65 1.76L.086 21.204a1.62 1.62 0 0 0 1.536 2.139h4.741a1.62 1.62 0 0 0 1.535-1.103l.977-2.892 4.947 3.675c.28.208.618.32.966.32m-3.084-12.531 3.624 10.739a.54.54 0 0 1-.51.713v-.001h-.03a.54.54 0 0 1-.322-.106l-9.287-6.9h4.853m6.313 7.006c.116-.326.13-.694.007-1.058L9.79 1.76a1.722 1.722 0 0 0-.007-.02h6.034a.54.54 0 0 1 .512.366l6.562 19.445a.54.54 0 0 1-.338.684"/></svg></span> Microsoft Azure</a>. </p>
+<p>You have been granted access to <a href="https://education.github.com/" target="_blank">GitHub Education</a>, and can use CodeSpaces and <a href="https://github.com/features/copilot" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.75 14a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75zm4.5 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 2c-2.214 0-4.248.657-5.747 1.756a7.43 7.43 0 0 0-.397.312c-.584.235-1.077.546-1.474.952-.85.87-1.132 2.037-1.132 3.368 0 .368.014.733.052 1.086l-.633 1.478-.043.022A4.75 4.75 0 0 0 0 15.222v1.028c0 .529.31.987.564 1.293.28.336.637.653.967.918a13.262 13.262 0 0 0 1.299.911l.024.015.006.004.04.025.144.087c.124.073.304.177.535.3.46.245 1.122.57 1.942.894C7.155 21.344 9.439 22 12 22s4.845-.656 6.48-1.303c.819-.324 1.481-.65 1.941-.895a13.797 13.797 0 0 0 .68-.386l.039-.025.006-.004.024-.015a8.829 8.829 0 0 0 .387-.248c.245-.164.577-.396.912-.663.33-.265.686-.582.966-.918.256-.306.565-.764.565-1.293v-1.028a4.75 4.75 0 0 0-2.626-4.248l-.043-.022-.633-1.478c.038-.353.052-.718.052-1.086 0-1.331-.282-2.499-1.132-3.368-.397-.406-.89-.717-1.474-.952a7.386 7.386 0 0 0-.397-.312C16.248 2.657 14.214 2 12 2zm-8 9.654.038-.09c.046.06.094.12.145.177.793.9 2.057 1.259 3.782 1.259 1.59 0 2.739-.544 3.508-1.492.131-.161.249-.331.355-.508a32.948 32.948 0 0 0 .344 0c.106.177.224.347.355.508.77.948 1.918 1.492 3.508 1.492 1.725 0 2.989-.359 3.782-1.259.05-.057.099-.116.145-.177l.038.09v6.669a17.618 17.618 0 0 1-2.073.98C16.405 19.906 14.314 20.5 12 20.5c-2.314 0-4.405-.594-5.927-1.197A17.62 17.62 0 0 1 4 18.323v-6.67zm6.309-1.092a2.35 2.35 0 0 1-.38.374c-.437.341-1.054.564-1.964.564-1.573 0-2.292-.337-2.657-.75-.192-.218-.331-.506-.423-.89-.091-.385-.135-.867-.135-1.472 0-1.14.243-1.847.705-2.32.477-.487 1.319-.861 2.824-1.024 1.487-.16 2.192.138 2.533.529l.008.01c.264.308.429.806.43 1.568v.031a7.203 7.203 0 0 1-.09 1.079c-.143.967-.406 1.754-.851 2.301zm2.504-2.497a7.174 7.174 0 0 1-.063-.894v-.02c.001-.77.17-1.27.438-1.578.341-.39 1.046-.69 2.533-.529 1.506.163 2.347.537 2.824 1.025.462.472.705 1.179.705 2.319 0 1.21-.174 1.926-.558 2.361-.365.414-1.084.751-2.657.751-1.21 0-1.902-.393-2.344-.938-.475-.584-.742-1.44-.878-2.497z"/></svg></span> CoPilot</a> during the workshop.</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3.5 3.75C3.5 2.784 4.284 2 5.25 2h13.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 18.75 13H5.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h13.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H5.25zM1.5 15.75c0-.966.784-1.75 1.75-1.75h17.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v4a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75 1.75H3.25a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75-1.75v-4zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v4c0 .138.112.25.25.25h17.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-4a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H3.25z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10 17.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h6.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-6.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75zm-4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75z"/></svg></span> CodeSpace links with your GitHub account for a seamless experience working on code in a Git repository.</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.75 14a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75zm4.5 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 2c-2.214 0-4.248.657-5.747 1.756a7.43 7.43 0 0 0-.397.312c-.584.235-1.077.546-1.474.952-.85.87-1.132 2.037-1.132 3.368 0 .368.014.733.052 1.086l-.633 1.478-.043.022A4.75 4.75 0 0 0 0 15.222v1.028c0 .529.31.987.564 1.293.28.336.637.653.967.918a13.262 13.262 0 0 0 1.299.911l.024.015.006.004.04.025.144.087c.124.073.304.177.535.3.46.245 1.122.57 1.942.894C7.155 21.344 9.439 22 12 22s4.845-.656 6.48-1.303c.819-.324 1.481-.65 1.941-.895a13.797 13.797 0 0 0 .68-.386l.039-.025.006-.004.024-.015a8.829 8.829 0 0 0 .387-.248c.245-.164.577-.396.912-.663.33-.265.686-.582.966-.918.256-.306.565-.764.565-1.293v-1.028a4.75 4.75 0 0 0-2.626-4.248l-.043-.022-.633-1.478c.038-.353.052-.718.052-1.086 0-1.331-.282-2.499-1.132-3.368-.397-.406-.89-.717-1.474-.952a7.386 7.386 0 0 0-.397-.312C16.248 2.657 14.214 2 12 2zm-8 9.654.038-.09c.046.06.094.12.145.177.793.9 2.057 1.259 3.782 1.259 1.59 0 2.739-.544 3.508-1.492.131-.161.249-.331.355-.508a32.948 32.948 0 0 0 .344 0c.106.177.224.347.355.508.77.948 1.918 1.492 3.508 1.492 1.725 0 2.989-.359 3.782-1.259.05-.057.099-.116.145-.177l.038.09v6.669a17.618 17.618 0 0 1-2.073.98C16.405 19.906 14.314 20.5 12 20.5c-2.314 0-4.405-.594-5.927-1.197A17.62 17.62 0 0 1 4 18.323v-6.67zm6.309-1.092a2.35 2.35 0 0 1-.38.374c-.437.341-1.054.564-1.964.564-1.573 0-2.292-.337-2.657-.75-.192-.218-.331-.506-.423-.89-.091-.385-.135-.867-.135-1.472 0-1.14.243-1.847.705-2.32.477-.487 1.319-.861 2.824-1.024 1.487-.16 2.192.138 2.533.529l.008.01c.264.308.429.806.43 1.568v.031a7.203 7.203 0 0 1-.09 1.079c-.143.967-.406 1.754-.851 2.301zm2.504-2.497a7.174 7.174 0 0 1-.063-.894v-.02c.001-.77.17-1.27.438-1.578.341-.39 1.046-.69 2.533-.529 1.506.163 2.347.537 2.824 1.025.462.472.705 1.179.705 2.319 0 1.21-.174 1.926-.558 2.361-.365.414-1.084.751-2.657.751-1.21 0-1.902-.393-2.344-.938-.475-.584-.742-1.44-.878-2.497z"/></svg></span> CoPilot is an AI programmer assistant that can help you write code using comments as prompts.</p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>How can you get your own educational GitHub &amp; CodeSpaces?</summary>
+<p>You can gain access to discounted GitHub CodeSpaces by enrolling your GitHub account with <a href="https://education.github.com/" target="_blank">GitHub Education</a> and then applying the <a href="https://education.github.com/discount_requests/teacher_application" target="_blank">educator discount</a> to your organizations and repos.</p>
+<p>Not interested in using GitHub based dev environments? Check out <a href="https://www.gitpod.io/" target="_blank">GitPod</a> or <a href="https://about.gitlab.com/solutions/education/" target="_blank">GitLub Education</a> and <a href="https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/development/" target="_blank">Developer Environments</a></p>
+</details>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>How do I use CoPilot?</summary>
+<p><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/codespaces/codespaces-reference/using-github-copilot-in-github-codespaces" target="_blank">Install and enable CoPilot on your VSCode</a> (locally, logging into GitHub, or remotely in CodeSpace).</p>
+<p>Try adding a comment to the top of a file, like your new <code>Dockerfile</code>, wait a few seconds </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a># Create a Dockerfile which uses an Ubuntu 22.04 featured base image, 
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>FROM ubuntu:22.04
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a># then install Python 3.10 and pip,
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>RUN apt-get update \
+<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>&amp;&amp; apt-get install -y python3.10 python3-pip
+<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>#  and give it an ENTRYPOINT to run Python 3.10
+<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>ENTRYPOINT [ &quot;python3.10&quot; ]
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h2 id="starting-a-codespace">Starting a CodeSpace<a class="headerlink" href="#starting-a-codespace" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>When a GitHub Organization and Repository have CodeSpaces enabled you will see a "Code" button above the README.md</p>
+<p><img alt="codespace_1" src="../../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_1.png" width="300" /></p>
+<p>Click on the "Code" button and start a new CodeSpace</p>
+<p><img alt="codespace_2" src="../../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_2.png" width="300" /></p>
+<p>Select the size of the CodeSpace you want (2-4 cores and 4GB to 8GB of RAM should be plenty for today)</p>
+<p><img alt="codespace_3" src="../../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_3.png" width="300" /></p>
+<p>Click "Create CodeSpace"</p>
+<p>You will be taken to a loading screen, and after a few moments (&lt;2 minutes) your browser will change to a VS Code instance in your browser.</p>
+<p><img alt="codespace_4" src="../../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_4.png" width="500" /></p>
+<p>Notice, the GitHub repository where you initiated the CodeSpace is set as the working directory of the EXPLORER <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 4v18h16v2H4c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V4h2m11 3h5.5L15 1.5V7M8 0h8l6 6v12c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2H8a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V2c0-1.11.89-2 2-2m9 16v-2H8v2h9m3-4v-2H8v2h12Z"/></svg></span> in the upper left side of VS Code interface. You're in your Git repo, and are able to work with Python, Docker, Node, or any one of many featured developer tools. Further, you can install any tools you like!</p>
+<p><img alt="codespace_5" src="../../assets/cloud/codespaces/codespace_5.png" width="600" /></p>
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diff --git a/cloud/gcp/gcp.md b/cloud/gcp/gcp.md
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+        Advanced use of Docker
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+        Introduction to Singularity
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+        Advanced use of Singularity
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+          Orchestration
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+        Introduction to Kubernetes
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      Table of contents
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#getting-started-with-nsf-access-ci-and-jetstream2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2
+  </a>
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+        
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+  <a href="#1-creating-an-account-on-nsf-access-ci" class="md-nav__link">
+    1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#2-connecting-to-jetstream2" class="md-nav__link">
+    2. Connecting to Jetstream2
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+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#getting-started-with-nsf-access-ci-and-jetstream2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#1-creating-an-account-on-nsf-access-ci" class="md-nav__link">
+    1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#2-connecting-to-jetstream2" class="md-nav__link">
+    2. Connecting to Jetstream2
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
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+              </div>
+            
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+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
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+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/cloud/js2.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Jetstream-2</h1>
+
+<h2 id="getting-started-with-nsf-access-ci-and-jetstream2">Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-started-with-nsf-access-ci-and-jetstream2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<hr />
+<h3 id="1-creating-an-account-on-nsf-access-ci"><strong>1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#1-creating-an-account-on-nsf-access-ci" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Navigate to the <a href="https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user">ACCESS User Registration</a> page.</p>
+<p><strong>Step 2:</strong> If you have an XSEDE Portal account, your ACCESS ID is the same. Do not create a new ACCESS ID. Instead, select the “ACCESS CI (XSEDE)” identity provider to log in using your XSEDE account.</p>
+<p><strong>Step 3:</strong> If you don't have an XSEDE or ACCESS account, you have two options:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user-federated">Register with an existing identity</a>: Use an existing University account to simplify the sign-up process. With this option, creating an ACCESS-specific password is optional.</li>
+<li><a href="https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user-direct">Register without an existing identity</a>: You'll be prompted to enter all your registration info and select an ACCESS-specific password.</li>
+</ul>
+<p><strong>Step 4:</strong> During registration, ensure you complete the email verification. You'll receive an email from <a href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#114;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#115;&#116;&#114;&#121;&#64;&#99;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#103;&#111;&#110;&#46;&#111;&#114;&#103;">&#114;&#101;&#103;&#105;&#115;&#116;&#114;&#121;&#64;&#99;&#105;&#108;&#111;&#103;&#111;&#110;&#46;&#111;&#114;&#103;</a> with a URL to complete your registration.</p>
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> Avoid exiting your browser during registration. If you face any issues, please <a href="https://identity.access-ci.org/username-reminder">contact the support team</a>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3 id="2-connecting-to-jetstream2"><strong>2. Connecting to Jetstream2</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#2-connecting-to-jetstream2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Visit the <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/">Jetstream2 official End User documentation</a>.</p>
+<p><strong>Step 2:</strong> Jetstream2 offers multiple interfaces for creating, deploying, and managing Virtual Machines (VMs) and Storage. Familiarize yourself with the available interfaces:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Exosphere:</strong> A web-based GUI for VM management.</li>
+<li><strong>Horizon:</strong> Another web-based GUI with a different set of features.</li>
+<li><strong>CACAO:</strong> Still in development, but offers unique capabilities.</li>
+<li><strong>OpenStack CLI:</strong> For those who prefer command-line interfaces.</li>
+</ul>
+<p><strong>Step 3:</strong> For beginners, it's recommended to start with the <strong>Exosphere</strong> interface. Here's a brief guide:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Logging In:</strong> Use your ACCESS-CI credentials.</li>
+<li><strong>Creating an Instance:</strong> Follow the on-screen instructions to deploy a VM.</li>
+<li><strong>Accessing an Exosphere Instance:</strong> Once your VM is up, you can access it directly from the Exosphere dashboard.</li>
+</ul>
+<p><strong>Step 4:</strong> Dive deeper into the <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/">Jetstream2 documentation</a> to explore advanced features, troubleshooting guides, and more.</p>
+<hr />
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> This tutorial provides a quick overview of getting started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2. For comprehensive details, always refer to the official documentation provided by both platforms. </p>
+
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cloud/js2/js2.md b/cloud/js2/js2.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..19875f0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/js2/js2.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+## Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2
+
+---
+
+### **1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI**
+
+**Step 1:** Navigate to the [ACCESS User Registration](https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user) page.
+
+**Step 2:** If you have an XSEDE Portal account, your ACCESS ID is the same. Do not create a new ACCESS ID. Instead, select the “ACCESS CI (XSEDE)” identity provider to log in using your XSEDE account.
+
+**Step 3:** If you don't have an XSEDE or ACCESS account, you have two options:
+
+- [Register with an existing identity](https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user-federated): Use an existing University account to simplify the sign-up process. With this option, creating an ACCESS-specific password is optional.
+- [Register without an existing identity](https://identity.access-ci.org/new-user-direct): You'll be prompted to enter all your registration info and select an ACCESS-specific password.
+
+**Step 4:** During registration, ensure you complete the email verification. You'll receive an email from registry@cilogon.org with a URL to complete your registration.
+
+**Note:** Avoid exiting your browser during registration. If you face any issues, please [contact the support team](https://identity.access-ci.org/username-reminder).
+
+---
+
+### **2. Connecting to Jetstream2**
+
+**Step 1:** Visit the [Jetstream2 official End User documentation](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/).
+
+**Step 2:** Jetstream2 offers multiple interfaces for creating, deploying, and managing Virtual Machines (VMs) and Storage. Familiarize yourself with the available interfaces:
+
+- **Exosphere:** A web-based GUI for VM management.
+- **Horizon:** Another web-based GUI with a different set of features.
+- **CACAO:** Still in development, but offers unique capabilities.
+- **OpenStack CLI:** For those who prefer command-line interfaces.
+
+**Step 3:** For beginners, it's recommended to start with the **Exosphere** interface. Here's a brief guide:
+
+- **Logging In:** Use your ACCESS-CI credentials.
+- **Creating an Instance:** Follow the on-screen instructions to deploy a VM.
+- **Accessing an Exosphere Instance:** Once your VM is up, you can access it directly from the Exosphere dashboard.
+
+**Step 4:** Dive deeper into the [Jetstream2 documentation](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/) to explore advanced features, troubleshooting guides, and more.
+
+---
+
+**Note:** This tutorial provides a quick overview of getting started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2. For comprehensive details, always refer to the official documentation provided by both platforms. 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/cloud/openstack/index.html b/cloud/openstack/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b9318634
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/openstack/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
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+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
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+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
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+        <link rel="canonical" href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/openstack/">
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+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
+    
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+      
+        <title>OpenStack - Cloud Native Camp</title>
+      
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+      <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css">
+      
+        
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+      
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+    Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
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+  <a href="#option-1-installing-openstack-cli-using-python" class="md-nav__link">
+    Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
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+  <a href="#option-2-installing-openstack-cli-using-homebrew-macos" class="md-nav__link">
+    Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
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+  <a href="#conclusion" class="md-nav__link">
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+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      
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+  <a href="#connecting-to-an-existing-openstack-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+    Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#option-1-installing-openstack-cli-using-python" class="md-nav__link">
+    Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#option-2-installing-openstack-cli-using-homebrew-macos" class="md-nav__link">
+    Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
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+    Conclusion
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+                
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+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/cloud/openstack.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>OpenStack</h1>
+
+<h2 id="connecting-to-an-existing-openstack-cloud">Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud<a class="headerlink" href="#connecting-to-an-existing-openstack-cloud" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h2 id="option-1-installing-openstack-cli-using-python">Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python<a class="headerlink" href="#option-1-installing-openstack-cli-using-python" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Step 1: Prerequisites
+Ensure you have Python installed on your system. You can download Python from the official website: <a href="https://www.python.org/downloads/">https://www.python.org/downloads/</a></p>
+<p>Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI
+Open your terminal or command prompt and execute the following command to install the OpenStack CLI using <code>pip</code>:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>python-openstackclient
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Step 3: Verify the Installation
+To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>openstack<span class="w"> </span>--version
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.</p>
+<h2 id="option-2-installing-openstack-cli-using-homebrew-macos">Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS)<a class="headerlink" href="#option-2-installing-openstack-cli-using-homebrew-macos" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Step 1: Prerequisites
+Ensure you have Homebrew installed on your MacOS. If you don't have Homebrew, you can install it using the following command in your terminal:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>/bin/bash<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span>curl<span class="w"> </span>-fsSL<span class="w"> </span>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI
+Open your terminal and use Homebrew to install the OpenStack CLI:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>brew<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>openstackclient
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Step 3: Verify the Installation
+To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>openstack<span class="w"> </span>--version
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.</p>
+<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion<a class="headerlink" href="#conclusion" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>In this installation section, we provided two options for installing the OpenStack CLI. The first option uses Python's <code>pip</code> package manager, which is a cross-platform method for installation. The second option is specific to MacOS users and uses Homebrew as the package manager.</p>
+<p>Choose the option that best suits your system, and once the OpenStack CLI is installed, you can proceed with the main tutorial to connect to an existing OpenStack Cloud.</p>
+<p>If you already have the OpenStack CLI installed, you can skip this section and move on to the authentication and connection steps in the main tutorial. Happy cloud computing!</p>
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diff --git a/cloud/openstack/openstack.md b/cloud/openstack/openstack.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c0598e97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cloud/openstack/openstack.md
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+## Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud
+
+## Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python
+
+Step 1: Prerequisites
+Ensure you have Python installed on your system. You can download Python from the official website: https://www.python.org/downloads/
+
+Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI
+Open your terminal or command prompt and execute the following command to install the OpenStack CLI using `pip`:
+
+```bash
+pip install python-openstackclient
+```
+
+Step 3: Verify the Installation
+To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command:
+
+```bash
+openstack --version
+```
+
+You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.
+
+## Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS)
+
+Step 1: Prerequisites
+Ensure you have Homebrew installed on your MacOS. If you don't have Homebrew, you can install it using the following command in your terminal:
+
+```bash
+/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
+```
+
+Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI
+Open your terminal and use Homebrew to install the OpenStack CLI:
+
+```bash
+brew install openstackclient
+```
+
+Step 3: Verify the Installation
+To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command:
+
+```bash
+openstack --version
+```
+
+You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+In this installation section, we provided two options for installing the OpenStack CLI. The first option uses Python's `pip` package manager, which is a cross-platform method for installation. The second option is specific to MacOS users and uses Homebrew as the package manager.
+
+Choose the option that best suits your system, and once the OpenStack CLI is installed, you can proceed with the main tutorial to connect to an existing OpenStack Cloud.
+
+If you already have the OpenStack CLI installed, you can skip this section and move on to the authentication and connection steps in the main tutorial. Happy cloud computing!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docker/actions/actions.md b/docker/actions/actions.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d7f3305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/actions/actions.md
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+# GitHub Actions and Docker
+
+[GitHub Actions](https://github.com/features/actions?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI6JzCw9bf9wIVhD-tBh11sQ42EAAYASABEgKxrvD_BwE){target=_blank} is a feature that allows automation and execution of workflows invoved in the development of your software and code. Read more on GitHub Actions at the [offical GitHub Docs page](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/understanding-github-actions).
+
+Actions can also be used to create and manage your Docker Images. 
+
+Here you will learn how to can create Actions which build and then push images from GitHub to a Docker Registry of your choice. 
+
+---
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+- A [GitHub](https://github.com/){target=_blank} account
+- A [Docker](https://hub.docker.com/){target=_blank} account
+
+## Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker
+
+??? Info "CI/CD Terminology"
+
+    * **:material-infinity: continuous integration** builds, tests, and automatically accepts changes to code in a repository 
+    * **:material-infinity: continuous delivery** delivers code changes to production-ready environments
+    *  **:material-infinity: continuous deployment** does just that, it deploys changes to the code
+    * **:material-pipe: CI pipeline** compiles code, tests it, and makes sure all of your changes work. It should run whenever there is a change (push) to the repository
+  
+    * **:material-pipe: CD pipeline** goes one step further and deploys new code into production.
+
+    We are focusing on GitHub, but there are other platforms which you can explore for building and pushing containers to registries
+
+    These include [GitLab Runners]() 
+
+    Other types of Continuous Integration are used on code repositories to ensure that code stays functional. 
+
+### Create a GitHub Repository
+
+Navigate to your GitHub Account and select **New**;
+
+![Actions_01](../assets/docker/Actions_01.png)
+
+
+??? Tip ":material-github: Creating README, LICENSE, & .gitignore"
+
+    When you create your new git repository you are asked to create a `README`, a `LICENCE`, and a `.gitignore` file.
+
+    Go ahead and create all three of these, as they are useful and fundamental to making your repository reproducible. 
+
+    README -- we want to use the README to help future-us when we revisit this repository. Make sure to include detailed instructions 
+
+    LICENSE -- pick a license which is useful for your specific software use case.
+
+    `.gitignore` -- use a file which will keep docker project files isolated
+      
+    ??? info ":material-docker: `.gitignore` example"
+
+        ```
+            # Docker project generated files to ignore
+            #  if you want to ignore files created by your editor/tools,
+            #  please consider a global .gitignore https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files
+            .vagrant*
+            bin
+            docker/docker
+            .*.swp
+            a.out
+            *.orig
+            build_src
+            .flymake*
+            .idea
+            .DS_Store
+            docs/_build
+            docs/_static
+            docs/_templates
+            .gopath/
+            .dotcloud
+            *.test
+            bundles/
+            .hg/
+            .git/
+            vendor/pkg/
+            pyenv
+            Vagrantfile
+        ```
+
+In the repository, create two nested folders required for a Docker Actions project:
+
+- A `.github/workflows` folder: containing required necessary `yml` files that build the containers through GitHub;
+
+In the workflows folder, we're going to add a `.yml` 
+
+In the main repository, along with the `README` and `LICENCE` file, create another folder called `/docker`
+
+In the `/docker` folder we're going to put the `Dockerfile` file necessary to build the image.
+
+### Link your GitHub and Docker accounts
+
+Ensure you can access [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) from any workflows you create:
+
+1. Add your Docker ID as a secret to GitHub. Navigate to your GitHub repository and click **Settings > Secrets > New secret**.
+
+![Actions_03](../assets/docker/Actions_03.png)
+
+2\. Create a new secret with the name `DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME` and your Docker ID as value.
+3\. On DockerHub, create a new Personal Access Token (PAT). To create a new token, go to [Docker Hub Settings](https://hub.docker.com/settings/security) and then click **New Access Token**. Name it, and copy the newly generated PAT.
+
+??? Tip
+    Name your Docker Hub Access token the same name as your GitHub repository, it will help with keeping track which GitHub repository is related to which Docker image.
+
+![Actions_04](../assets/docker/Actions_04.png)
+
+
+4. On GitHub, return to your repository secrets, and add the PAT as a secret with the name `DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN`.
+
+![Actions_05](../assets/docker/Actions_05.png)
+
+
+---
+
+## Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow
+
+Now that you have connected your GitHub repository with your Docker account, you are ready to add the necessary files to your repo.
+
+!!! Note
+        In this example, we will use the existing Docker Image Alpine.
+
+1\. In your GitHub repository, create a file and name in `Dockerfile`; In the first line of your `Dockerfile` paste:
+
+```
+FROM alpine:3.14
+```
+
+2\. Click the `Actions` tab and in the search bar, search for `docker`. Select the `docker image workflow` (as shown in the image below)
+
+!!! Note
+        This will create the `.github/workflows` repository and necessary `yml` file required for the GitHub actions.
+
+![Actions_06](../assets/docker/Actions_06.png)
+
+3\. You will be prompted to the `docker-image.yml` file; paste the following code, and `commit` your changes.
+
+```
+name: Docker Image Small Alpine
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main ]
+
+jobs:
+
+  build:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      -
+        name: Checkout 
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      -
+        name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      -
+        name: Build and push
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: ./Dockerfile
+          push: true
+          tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale
+```
+4\. Upon committing and pushing your changes, you can check your Workflows under the Actions tab on GitHub.
+
+!!! Note
+        Github will show you when a workflow is building:
+        - An orange dot next to your commit count means that the workflow is running;
+        - A crossed red circle means that your workflow has failed;
+        - A green check means your workflow ran successfully.
+
+![Actions_07](../assets/docker/Actions_07.png)
+
+5\. Navigate to your Docker Hub to see your GitHub Actions generated Docker image.
+
+![Actions_08](../assets/docker/Actions_08.png)
+
+![Actions_09](../assets/docker/Actions_09.png)
+
+---
+
+## Tagging a Pushing an Image
+
+When updating your own Docker Images, you may want to tag the images with a version number.
+
+In this example, we update our Alpine Docker Image to a newer version and adding a package.
+
+Navigate to your `Dockerfile` and modify it by adding the following lines:
+
+```
+FROM alpine:3.15
+
+LABEL author="<name>" 
+LABEL email="<email>"
+LABEL date_created="<date>"
+
+RUN apk update && apk upgrade --available
+RUN apk add vim fortune
+
+ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH}
+
+ENV LC_ALL=C
+
+ENTRYPOINT fortune
+```
+
+Save, and navigate to the github action (`.github/workflows/docker-image.yml`). The last line should be `tags`, edit the line to reflect the version you would like to add.
+
+```
+tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale:v0.2
+```
+
+!!! Warning
+    - To correctoy add a tag, add a colon followed by a version number such as `<name of container>:<version number>`.
+    - If there is no tag, the version pushed will default to `latest`.
+    - **Remember** to update/change the tag line in future pushes. 
+
+Add, commit, push your changes; You will see your Docker Image being built with the added tagged version.
+
+![Actions_10](../assets/docker/Actions_10.png)
+
+---
+
+## Setting up your own
+
+[:material-github: GitHub Actions Runner](https://github.com/actions/runner){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-file-document-outline: Self-hosted Actions Runner Docs](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/hosting-your-own-runners/about-self-hosted-runners){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-gitlab: GitLab Runner](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/){target=_blank}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docker/actions/index.html b/docker/actions/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8db23764
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/actions/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1615 @@
+
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+            </label>
+          
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Orchestration
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+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-tabs__link">
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+      
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+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+          
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+              
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
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+          GitHub Actions and Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+      
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+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-a-git-repository-with-actions-for-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker
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+  
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+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
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+  <a href="#create-a-github-repository" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a GitHub Repository
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#link-your-github-and-docker-accounts" class="md-nav__link">
+    Link your GitHub and Docker accounts
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-a-github-action-workflow" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#tagging-a-pushing-an-image" class="md-nav__link">
+    Tagging a Pushing an Image
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-your-own" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up your own
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
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+  
+
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      
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+          Singularity
+        </label>
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
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+    </li>
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+              
+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
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+  
+
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      
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+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
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+              
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
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+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-a-git-repository-with-actions-for-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-github-repository" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a GitHub Repository
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#link-your-github-and-docker-accounts" class="md-nav__link">
+    Link your GitHub and Docker accounts
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-a-github-action-workflow" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#tagging-a-pushing-an-image" class="md-nav__link">
+    Tagging a Pushing an Image
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-your-own" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up your own
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/actions.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="github-actions-and-docker">GitHub Actions and Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#github-actions-and-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/features/actions?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI6JzCw9bf9wIVhD-tBh11sQ42EAAYASABEgKxrvD_BwE" target="_blank">GitHub Actions</a> is a feature that allows automation and execution of workflows invoved in the development of your software and code. Read more on GitHub Actions at the <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/understanding-github-actions">offical GitHub Docs page</a>.</p>
+<p>Actions can also be used to create and manage your Docker Images. </p>
+<p>Here you will learn how to can create Actions which build and then push images from GitHub to a Docker Registry of your choice. </p>
+<hr />
+<h3 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites<a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>A <a href="https://github.com/" target="_blank">GitHub</a> account</li>
+<li>A <a href="https://hub.docker.com/" target="_blank">Docker</a> account</li>
+</ul>
+<h2 id="setting-up-a-git-repository-with-actions-for-docker">Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-a-git-repository-with-actions-for-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>CI/CD Terminology</summary>
+<ul>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.6 6.62C21.58 6.62 24 9 24 12c0 2.96-2.42 5.37-5.4 5.37-1.45 0-2.8-.56-3.82-1.57L12 13.34l-2.83 2.51c-.97.97-2.33 1.53-3.77 1.53C2.42 17.38 0 14.96 0 12s2.42-5.38 5.4-5.38c1.44 0 2.8.56 3.82 1.58L12 10.66l2.83-2.51c.97-.97 2.33-1.53 3.77-1.53M7.8 14.39 10.5 12 7.84 9.65c-.68-.68-1.53-1.03-2.44-1.03C3.53 8.62 2 10.13 2 12c0 1.87 1.53 3.38 3.4 3.38.91 0 1.76-.35 2.4-.99m8.4-4.78L13.5 12l2.66 2.35c.68.68 1.54 1.03 2.44 1.03 1.87 0 3.4-1.51 3.4-3.38 0-1.87-1.53-3.38-3.4-3.38-.91 0-1.76.35-2.4.99Z"/></svg></span> continuous integration</strong> builds, tests, and automatically accepts changes to code in a repository </li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.6 6.62C21.58 6.62 24 9 24 12c0 2.96-2.42 5.37-5.4 5.37-1.45 0-2.8-.56-3.82-1.57L12 13.34l-2.83 2.51c-.97.97-2.33 1.53-3.77 1.53C2.42 17.38 0 14.96 0 12s2.42-5.38 5.4-5.38c1.44 0 2.8.56 3.82 1.58L12 10.66l2.83-2.51c.97-.97 2.33-1.53 3.77-1.53M7.8 14.39 10.5 12 7.84 9.65c-.68-.68-1.53-1.03-2.44-1.03C3.53 8.62 2 10.13 2 12c0 1.87 1.53 3.38 3.4 3.38.91 0 1.76-.35 2.4-.99m8.4-4.78L13.5 12l2.66 2.35c.68.68 1.54 1.03 2.44 1.03 1.87 0 3.4-1.51 3.4-3.38 0-1.87-1.53-3.38-3.4-3.38-.91 0-1.76.35-2.4.99Z"/></svg></span> continuous delivery</strong> delivers code changes to production-ready environments</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.6 6.62C21.58 6.62 24 9 24 12c0 2.96-2.42 5.37-5.4 5.37-1.45 0-2.8-.56-3.82-1.57L12 13.34l-2.83 2.51c-.97.97-2.33 1.53-3.77 1.53C2.42 17.38 0 14.96 0 12s2.42-5.38 5.4-5.38c1.44 0 2.8.56 3.82 1.58L12 10.66l2.83-2.51c.97-.97 2.33-1.53 3.77-1.53M7.8 14.39 10.5 12 7.84 9.65c-.68-.68-1.53-1.03-2.44-1.03C3.53 8.62 2 10.13 2 12c0 1.87 1.53 3.38 3.4 3.38.91 0 1.76-.35 2.4-.99m8.4-4.78L13.5 12l2.66 2.35c.68.68 1.54 1.03 2.44 1.03 1.87 0 3.4-1.51 3.4-3.38 0-1.87-1.53-3.38-3.4-3.38-.91 0-1.76.35-2.4.99Z"/></svg></span> continuous deployment</strong> does just that, it deploys changes to the code</li>
+<li>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 14h-2v2h-6v-3h2v-2h-2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H4V2H2v8h2V8h6v3H8v2h2v5a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h8v2h2"/></svg></span> CI pipeline</strong> compiles code, tests it, and makes sure all of your changes work. It should run whenever there is a change (push) to the repository</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 14h-2v2h-6v-3h2v-2h-2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H4V2H2v8h2V8h6v3H8v2h2v5a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h8v2h2"/></svg></span> CD pipeline</strong> goes one step further and deploys new code into production.</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>We are focusing on GitHub, but there are other platforms which you can explore for building and pushing containers to registries</p>
+<p>These include <a href="">GitLab Runners</a> </p>
+<p>Other types of Continuous Integration are used on code repositories to ensure that code stays functional. </p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="create-a-github-repository">Create a GitHub Repository<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-github-repository" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Navigate to your GitHub Account and select <strong>New</strong>;</p>
+<p><img alt="Actions_01" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_01.png" /></p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span> Creating README, LICENSE, &amp; .gitignore</summary>
+<p>When you create your new git repository you are asked to create a <code>README</code>, a <code>LICENCE</code>, and a <code>.gitignore</code> file.</p>
+<p>Go ahead and create all three of these, as they are useful and fundamental to making your repository reproducible. </p>
+<p>README -- we want to use the README to help future-us when we revisit this repository. Make sure to include detailed instructions </p>
+<p>LICENSE -- pick a license which is useful for your specific software use case.</p>
+<p><code>.gitignore</code> -- use a file which will keep docker project files isolated</p>
+<details class="info">
+<summary><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> <code>.gitignore</code> example</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>    # Docker project generated files to ignore
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>    #  if you want to ignore files created by your editor/tools,
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>    #  please consider a global .gitignore https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>    .vagrant*
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>    bin
+<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>    docker/docker
+<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a>    .*.swp
+<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a>    a.out
+<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a>    *.orig
+<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a>    build_src
+<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>    .flymake*
+<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a>    .idea
+<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>    .DS_Store
+<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a>    docs/_build
+<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a>    docs/_static
+<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a>    docs/_templates
+<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a>    .gopath/
+<a id="__codelineno-0-18" name="__codelineno-0-18" href="#__codelineno-0-18"></a>    .dotcloud
+<a id="__codelineno-0-19" name="__codelineno-0-19" href="#__codelineno-0-19"></a>    *.test
+<a id="__codelineno-0-20" name="__codelineno-0-20" href="#__codelineno-0-20"></a>    bundles/
+<a id="__codelineno-0-21" name="__codelineno-0-21" href="#__codelineno-0-21"></a>    .hg/
+<a id="__codelineno-0-22" name="__codelineno-0-22" href="#__codelineno-0-22"></a>    .git/
+<a id="__codelineno-0-23" name="__codelineno-0-23" href="#__codelineno-0-23"></a>    vendor/pkg/
+<a id="__codelineno-0-24" name="__codelineno-0-24" href="#__codelineno-0-24"></a>    pyenv
+<a id="__codelineno-0-25" name="__codelineno-0-25" href="#__codelineno-0-25"></a>    Vagrantfile
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+</details>
+<p>In the repository, create two nested folders required for a Docker Actions project:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>A <code>.github/workflows</code> folder: containing required necessary <code>yml</code> files that build the containers through GitHub;</li>
+</ul>
+<p>In the workflows folder, we're going to add a <code>.yml</code> </p>
+<p>In the main repository, along with the <code>README</code> and <code>LICENCE</code> file, create another folder called <code>/docker</code></p>
+<p>In the <code>/docker</code> folder we're going to put the <code>Dockerfile</code> file necessary to build the image.</p>
+<h3 id="link-your-github-and-docker-accounts">Link your GitHub and Docker accounts<a class="headerlink" href="#link-your-github-and-docker-accounts" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Ensure you can access <a href="https://hub.docker.com/">Docker Hub</a> from any workflows you create:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Add your Docker ID as a secret to GitHub. Navigate to your GitHub repository and click <strong>Settings &gt; Secrets &gt; New secret</strong>.</li>
+</ol>
+<p><img alt="Actions_03" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_03.png" /></p>
+<p>2. Create a new secret with the name <code>DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME</code> and your Docker ID as value.
+3. On DockerHub, create a new Personal Access Token (PAT). To create a new token, go to <a href="https://hub.docker.com/settings/security">Docker Hub Settings</a> and then click <strong>New Access Token</strong>. Name it, and copy the newly generated PAT.</p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Tip</summary>
+<p>Name your Docker Hub Access token the same name as your GitHub repository, it will help with keeping track which GitHub repository is related to which Docker image.</p>
+</details>
+<p><img alt="Actions_04" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_04.png" /></p>
+<ol>
+<li>On GitHub, return to your repository secrets, and add the PAT as a secret with the name <code>DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN</code>.</li>
+</ol>
+<p><img alt="Actions_05" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_05.png" /></p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="setting-up-a-github-action-workflow">Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-a-github-action-workflow" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Now that you have connected your GitHub repository with your Docker account, you are ready to add the necessary files to your repo.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>In this example, we will use the existing Docker Image Alpine.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>1. In your GitHub repository, create a file and name in <code>Dockerfile</code>; In the first line of your <code>Dockerfile</code> paste:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>FROM alpine:3.14
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>2. Click the <code>Actions</code> tab and in the search bar, search for <code>docker</code>. Select the <code>docker image workflow</code> (as shown in the image below)</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>This will create the <code>.github/workflows</code> repository and necessary <code>yml</code> file required for the GitHub actions.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p><img alt="Actions_06" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_06.png" /></p>
+<p>3. You will be prompted to the <code>docker-image.yml</code> file; paste the following code, and <code>commit</code> your changes.</p>
+<p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>name: Docker Image Small Alpine
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>on:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>  push:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>    branches: [ main ]
+<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>  pull_request:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a>    branches: [ main ]
+<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a>jobs:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>  build:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a>    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a>    steps:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a>        name: Checkout 
+<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a>        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>        name: Login to Docker Hub
+<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a>        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a>        with:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a>          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a>          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a>        name: Build and push
+<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a>        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a>        with:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a>          context: .
+<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a>          file: ./Dockerfile
+<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a>          push: true
+<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a>          tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale
+</code></pre></div>
+4. Upon committing and pushing your changes, you can check your Workflows under the Actions tab on GitHub.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>Github will show you when a workflow is building:
+- An orange dot next to your commit count means that the workflow is running;
+- A crossed red circle means that your workflow has failed;
+- A green check means your workflow ran successfully.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p><img alt="Actions_07" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_07.png" /></p>
+<p>5. Navigate to your Docker Hub to see your GitHub Actions generated Docker image.</p>
+<p><img alt="Actions_08" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_08.png" /></p>
+<p><img alt="Actions_09" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_09.png" /></p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="tagging-a-pushing-an-image">Tagging a Pushing an Image<a class="headerlink" href="#tagging-a-pushing-an-image" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>When updating your own Docker Images, you may want to tag the images with a version number.</p>
+<p>In this example, we update our Alpine Docker Image to a newer version and adding a package.</p>
+<p>Navigate to your <code>Dockerfile</code> and modify it by adding the following lines:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>FROM alpine:3.15
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a>LABEL author=&quot;&lt;name&gt;&quot; 
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>LABEL email=&quot;&lt;email&gt;&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a>LABEL date_created=&quot;&lt;date&gt;&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a>RUN apk update &amp;&amp; apk upgrade --available
+<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a>RUN apk add vim fortune
+<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a>ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH}
+<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a>ENV LC_ALL=C
+<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a>ENTRYPOINT fortune
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Save, and navigate to the github action (<code>.github/workflows/docker-image.yml</code>). The last line should be <code>tags</code>, edit the line to reflect the version you would like to add.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale:v0.2
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
+<ul>
+<li>To correctoy add a tag, add a colon followed by a version number such as <code>&lt;name of container&gt;:&lt;version number&gt;</code>.</li>
+<li>If there is no tag, the version pushed will default to <code>latest</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>Remember</strong> to update/change the tag line in future pushes. </li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<p>Add, commit, push your changes; You will see your Docker Image being built with the added tagged version.</p>
+<p><img alt="Actions_10" src="../../assets/docker/Actions_10.png" /></p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="setting-up-your-own">Setting up your own<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-your-own" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/actions/runner" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span> GitHub Actions Runner</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/actions/hosting-your-own-runners/about-self-hosted-runners" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M6 2a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8l-6-6H6m0 2h7v5h5v11H6V4m2 8v2h8v-2H8m0 4v2h5v-2H8Z"/></svg></span> Self-hosted Actions Runner Docs</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/install/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m21.94 13.11-1.05-3.22c0-.03-.01-.06-.02-.09l-2.11-6.48a.859.859 0 0 0-.8-.57c-.36 0-.68.25-.79.58l-2 6.17H8.84L6.83 3.33a.851.851 0 0 0-.79-.58c-.37 0-.69.25-.8.58L3.13 9.82v.01l-1.07 3.28c-.16.5.01 1.04.44 1.34l9.22 6.71c.17.12.39.12.56-.01l9.22-6.7c.43-.3.6-.84.44-1.34M8.15 10.45l2.57 7.91-6.17-7.91m8.73 7.92 2.47-7.59.1-.33h3.61l-5.59 7.16m4.1-13.67 1.81 5.56h-3.62m-1.3.95-1.79 5.51L12 19.24l-2.86-8.79M6.03 3.94 7.84 9.5H4.23m-1.18 4.19c-.09-.07-.13-.19-.09-.29l.79-2.43 5.82 7.45m11.38-4.73-6.51 4.73.02-.03 5.79-7.42.79 2.43c.04.1 0 .22-.09.29"/></svg></span> GitLab Runner</a></p>
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diff --git a/docker/advanced/advanced.md b/docker/advanced/advanced.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..311cc50f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/advanced/advanced.md
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+# Advanced Docker Techniques
+
+## Volumes
+
+When you run a container, you can bring a directory from the host system
+into the container, and give it a new name and location using the `-v`
+or `--volume` flag.
+
+``` bash
+$ mkdir -p ~/local-data-folder
+$ echo "some data" >> ~/local-data-folder/data.txt
+$ docker run -v ${HOME}/local-data-folder:/data $YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/mynotebook:latest cat /data/data.txt
+```
+
+In the example above, you can mount a folder from your localhost, in
+your home user directory into the container as a new directory named
+`/data`.
+
+### Create and manage volumes
+
+Unlike a bind mount, you can create and manage volumes outside the scope
+of any container.
+
+A given volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously.
+When no running container is using a volume, the volume is still
+available to Docker and is not removed automatically. You can remove
+unused volumes using `docker volume prune` command.
+
+When you create a Docker volume, it is stored within a directory on the
+Docker Linux host (`/var/lib/docker/`).
+
+!!! Note
+        File location on Mac OS X is a bit different:
+        <https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/>
+
+Let's create a volume
+
+``` bash
+$ docker volume create my-vol
+```
+
+List volumes:
+
+``` bash
+$ docker volume ls
+
+local               my-vol
+```
+
+Inspect a volume by looking at the Mount section in the `docker volume inspect`
+
+``` bash
+$ docker volume inspect my-vol
+[
+    {
+        "Driver": "local",
+        "Labels": {},
+        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/my-vol/_data",
+        "Name": "my-vol",
+        "Options": {},
+        "Scope": "local"
+    }
+]
+```
+
+Remove a volume
+
+``` bash
+$ docker volume rm my-vol
+$ docker volume ls
+```
+
+### Populate a volume using a container
+
+This example starts an `alpine` container and populates the new volume
+`output-vol` with the some output created by the container.
+
+``` bash
+docker volume create output-vol
+docker run --name=data-app --mount source=output-vol,target=/data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+```
+
+Use `docker inspect output-vol` to see where the volume data lives on
+your host, and then use `cat` to confirm that it contains the output
+created by the container.
+
+``` bash
+docker volume inspect output-vol
+sudo cat /var/lib/docker/volumes/output-vol/_data/container-env.txt
+```
+
+You should see something like:
+
+``` 
+HOSTNAME=790e13bba28a
+SHLVL=1
+HOME=/root
+PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
+PWD=/
+```
+
+After running either of these examples, run the following commands to
+clean up the container and volume.
+
+``` bash
+docker rm data-app
+docker volume rm output-vol
+```
+
+---
+
+## Bind mounts
+
+**Bind mounts:** When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the
+host machine is mounted into a container.
+
+??? Tip
+    If you are developing new Docker applications, consider using named
+    **volumes** instead. You can't use Docker CLI commands to directly
+    manage bind mounts.
+
+![bind_mount](../assets/docker/bind_mount.png)
+
+!!! Warning
+        One side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that
+        you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container,
+        including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or
+        directories. This is a powerful ability which can have security
+        implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host
+        system.
+
+        If you use `--mount` to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet
+        exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for
+        you, but generates an error.
+
+### Start a container with a bind mount
+
+Create a `bind-data` directory in your home directory.
+
+``` bash
+cd ~
+mkdir -p ~/bind-data
+```
+
+Run a container, mounting this directory inside the container, and the
+container should create some data in there.
+
+``` bash
+docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)"/bind-data,target=/data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+```
+
+Check that the output looks right.
+
+``` bash
+cat ~/bind-data/container-env.txt
+```
+
+### Use a read-only bind mount
+
+For some development applications, the container needs to write into the
+bind mount, so changes are propagated back to the Docker host. At other
+times, the container only needs read access.
+
+This example modifies the one above but mounts the directory as a
+read-only bind mount, by adding `ro` to the (empty by default) list of
+options, after the mount point within the container. Where multiple
+options are present, separate them by commas.
+
+``` bash
+docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)"/bind-data,target=/data,readonly alpine sh -c 'ls -al /data/ && env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+```
+
+You should see an error message about not being able to write to a
+read-only file system.
+
+``` bash
+sh: can't create /data/container-env.txt: Read-only file system
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docker/advanced/index.html b/docker/advanced/index.html
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+
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+    Cloud Native Camp
+  </label>
+  
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+      <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+</a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
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+          Docker
+        </label>
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+          
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+              
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Advanced use of Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Volumes
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Volumes">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-and-manage-volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create and manage volumes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#populate-a-volume-using-a-container" class="md-nav__link">
+    Populate a volume using a container
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#bind-mounts" class="md-nav__link">
+    Bind mounts
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Bind mounts">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-a-container-with-a-bind-mount" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start a container with a bind mount
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#use-a-read-only-bind-mount" class="md-nav__link">
+    Use a read-only bind mount
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
+      
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+          
+        
+          
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+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+        
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Volumes
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Volumes">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-and-manage-volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create and manage volumes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#populate-a-volume-using-a-container" class="md-nav__link">
+    Populate a volume using a container
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#bind-mounts" class="md-nav__link">
+    Bind mounts
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Bind mounts">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-a-container-with-a-bind-mount" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start a container with a bind mount
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#use-a-read-only-bind-mount" class="md-nav__link">
+    Use a read-only bind mount
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/advanced.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="advanced-docker-techniques">Advanced Docker Techniques<a class="headerlink" href="#advanced-docker-techniques" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="volumes">Volumes<a class="headerlink" href="#volumes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>When you run a container, you can bring a directory from the host system
+into the container, and give it a new name and location using the <code>-v</code>
+or <code>--volume</code> flag.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span>~/local-data-folder
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;some data&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>&gt;&gt;<span class="w"> </span>~/local-data-folder/data.txt
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>-v<span class="w"> </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">HOME</span><span class="si">}</span>/local-data-folder:/data<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME</span>/mynotebook:latest<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>/data/data.txt
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>In the example above, you can mount a folder from your localhost, in
+your home user directory into the container as a new directory named
+<code>/data</code>.</p>
+<h3 id="create-and-manage-volumes">Create and manage volumes<a class="headerlink" href="#create-and-manage-volumes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Unlike a bind mount, you can create and manage volumes outside the scope
+of any container.</p>
+<p>A given volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously.
+When no running container is using a volume, the volume is still
+available to Docker and is not removed automatically. You can remove
+unused volumes using <code>docker volume prune</code> command.</p>
+<p>When you create a Docker volume, it is stored within a directory on the
+Docker Linux host (<code>/var/lib/docker/</code>).</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>File location on Mac OS X is a bit different:
+<a href="https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/">https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/</a></p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>Let's create a volume</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>my-vol
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>List volumes:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>ls
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="nb">local</span><span class="w">               </span>my-vol
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Inspect a volume by looking at the Mount section in the <code>docker volume inspect</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>inspect<span class="w"> </span>my-vol
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Driver&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;local&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Labels&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{}</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Mountpoint&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;/var/lib/docker/volumes/my-vol/_data&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Name&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;my-vol&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Options&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{}</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="s2">&quot;Scope&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;local&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="o">]</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Remove a volume</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>rm<span class="w"> </span>my-vol
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>$<span class="w"> </span>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>ls
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="populate-a-volume-using-a-container">Populate a volume using a container<a class="headerlink" href="#populate-a-volume-using-a-container" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>This example starts an <code>alpine</code> container and populates the new volume
+<code>output-vol</code> with the some output created by the container.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>output-vol
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>--name<span class="o">=</span>data-app<span class="w"> </span>--mount<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">source</span><span class="o">=</span>output-vol,target<span class="o">=</span>/data<span class="w"> </span>alpine<span class="w"> </span>sh<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;env &gt;&gt; /data/container-env.txt&#39;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Use <code>docker inspect output-vol</code> to see where the volume data lives on
+your host, and then use <code>cat</code> to confirm that it contains the output
+created by the container.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>inspect<span class="w"> </span>output-vol
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>/var/lib/docker/volumes/output-vol/_data/container-env.txt
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You should see something like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>HOSTNAME=790e13bba28a
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>SHLVL=1
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>HOME=/root
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>PWD=/
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>After running either of these examples, run the following commands to
+clean up the container and volume.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>rm<span class="w"> </span>data-app
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>volume<span class="w"> </span>rm<span class="w"> </span>output-vol
+</code></pre></div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="bind-mounts">Bind mounts<a class="headerlink" href="#bind-mounts" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><strong>Bind mounts:</strong> When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the
+host machine is mounted into a container.</p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Tip</summary>
+<p>If you are developing new Docker applications, consider using named
+<strong>volumes</strong> instead. You can't use Docker CLI commands to directly
+manage bind mounts.</p>
+</details>
+<p><img alt="bind_mount" src="../../assets/docker/bind_mount.png" /></p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning<p>One side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that
+you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container,
+including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or
+directories. This is a powerful ability which can have security
+implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host
+system.</p>
+<p>If you use <code>--mount</code> to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet
+exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for
+you, but generates an error.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="start-a-container-with-a-bind-mount">Start a container with a bind mount<a class="headerlink" href="#start-a-container-with-a-bind-mount" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Create a <code>bind-data</code> directory in your home directory.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="nb">cd</span><span class="w"> </span>~
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span>~/bind-data
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Run a container, mounting this directory inside the container, and the
+container should create some data in there.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>--mount<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">type</span><span class="o">=</span>bind,source<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span><span class="nb">pwd</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>/bind-data,target<span class="o">=</span>/data<span class="w"> </span>alpine<span class="w"> </span>sh<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;env &gt;&gt; /data/container-env.txt&#39;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Check that the output looks right.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>cat<span class="w"> </span>~/bind-data/container-env.txt
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="use-a-read-only-bind-mount">Use a read-only bind mount<a class="headerlink" href="#use-a-read-only-bind-mount" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>For some development applications, the container needs to write into the
+bind mount, so changes are propagated back to the Docker host. At other
+times, the container only needs read access.</p>
+<p>This example modifies the one above but mounts the directory as a
+read-only bind mount, by adding <code>ro</code> to the (empty by default) list of
+options, after the mount point within the container. Where multiple
+options are present, separate them by commas.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>--mount<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">type</span><span class="o">=</span>bind,source<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span><span class="nb">pwd</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>/bind-data,target<span class="o">=</span>/data,readonly<span class="w"> </span>alpine<span class="w"> </span>sh<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;ls -al /data/ &amp;&amp; env &gt;&gt; /data/container-env.txt&#39;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You should see an error message about not being able to write to a
+read-only file system.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>sh:<span class="w"> </span>can<span class="err">&#39;</span>t<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>/data/container-env.txt:<span class="w"> </span>Read-only<span class="w"> </span>file<span class="w"> </span>system
+</code></pre></div>
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diff --git a/docker/build/build.md b/docker/build/build.md
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+# Building Docker Images
+
+Now that we are relatively comfortable with running Docker, we can look at some advanced Docker topics, such as:
+
+- Building our own Docker images from the `Dockerfile`
+- Modify an existing Dockerfile and create a new image
+- Push an image to a Registry
+
+## Requirements
+
+Clone our example repository with pre-written Dockerfiles From your CodeSpace, we are going to copy a second GitHub repository onto our VM. If you are working locally, make sure that you change directories away from any other Git repository that you may have been working in.
+
+```
+$ cd /workspaces
+
+$ git clone https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker
+
+$ cd intro2docker/
+
+```
+
+---
+
+## Writing a Dockerfile
+
+!!! Note "Important"
+
+    `Dockerfile` must be capitalized. It does not have a file extension.
+
+Create a file called `Dockerfile`, and add content to it as described below, e.g.
+
+```
+$ touch Dockerfile
+```
+
+!!! Note "Formatting in the `Dockerfile`"
+
+    We use a code line escape character `\` to allow single line scripts to be written on multiple lines in the Dockerfile.
+
+    We also use the double characters `&&` which essentially mean “if true, then do this” while executing the code. The `&&` can come at the beginning of a line or the end when used with `\`.
+
+The `Dockerfile` contains **Instructions**: a series of commands that Docker executes during the creation and execution of a container.
+
+----
+
+### ARG
+
+The only command that can come before a `FROM` statement is `ARG`
+
+`ARG` can be used to set arguments for later in the build, e.g.,
+
+```
+ARG VERSION=latest
+
+FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+```
+
+### FROM
+
+A valid `Dockerfile` must start with a `FROM` statement which initializes a new build stage and sets the **base image** for subsequent layers.
+
+We’ll start by specifying our base image, using the FROM statement
+
+```
+FROM ubuntu:latest
+```
+
+If you are building on an `arm64` or Windows system you can also give the optional `--platform` flag, e.g.,
+
+```
+FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ubuntu:latest
+```
+
+??? question "When to use a multi-stage build pattern?"
+
+    Docker has the ability to build container images from one image, and run that "builder" image from a second "base" image, in what is called a "builder pattern".
+
+    Build patterns are useful if you're compiling code from (proprietary) source code and only want to feature the binary code as an executed function in the container at run time. 
+
+    Build patterns can greatly reduce the size of your container.
+
+    You can use multiple `FROM` commands as build stages. The `AS` statement follows the `image:tag` as a psuedo argument. 
+
+    ```
+    # build stage
+    FROM golang:latest AS build-env
+    WORKDIR /go/src/app
+    ADD . /go/src/app
+    RUN go mod init
+    RUN cd /go/src/app && go build -o hello
+
+    # final stage
+    FROM alpine:latest
+    WORKDIR /app
+    COPY --from=build-env /go/src/app /app/
+    ENTRYPOINT ./hello
+    ```
+
+### LABEL
+
+You can create labels which are then tagged as  JSON metadata to the image
+
+```
+LABEL author="your-name" 
+LABEL email="your@email-address"
+LABEL version="v1.0"
+LABEL description="This is your first Dockerfile"
+LABEL date_created="2022-05-13"
+```
+
+You can also add labels to a container when it is run:
+
+```
+$ docker run --label description="this label came later" ubuntu:latest
+
+$ docker ps -a
+
+$ docker inspect ###
+```
+
+### RUN
+
+Different than the `docker run` command is the `RUN` build function. `RUN` is used to create new layers atop the "base image"
+
+Here, we are going to install some games and programs into our base image:
+
+```
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y fortune cowsay lolcat
+```
+
+Here we've installed `fortune` `cowsay` and `lolcat` as new programs into our base image.
+
+!!! Warning "Best practices for building new layers"
+
+        Ever time you use the `RUN` command it is a good idea to use the `apt-get update` or `apt update` command to make sure your layer is up-to-date. This can become a problem though if you have a very large container with a large number of `RUN` layers. 
+
+### ENV
+
+In our new container, we need to change and update some of the environment flags. We can do this using the `ENV` command
+
+```
+ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH}
+
+ENV LC_ALL=C
+```
+
+Here we are adding the `/usr/games` directory to the `PATH` so that when we run the new container it will find our newly installed game commands
+
+We are also updating the "[locales](https://www.tecmint.com/set-system-locales-in-linux/)" to set the language of the container.
+
+### COPY
+
+The `COPY` command will copy files from the directory where `Dockerfile` is kept into the new image. You must specify where to copy the files or directories
+
+```
+COPY . /app
+```
+
+??? question "When to use `COPY` vs `ADD`"
+
+    `COPY` is more basic and is good for files
+
+    `ADD` has some extra features like `.tar` extraction and URL support
+
+### CMD
+
+The `CMD` command is used to run software in your image. In general use the ["command"] syntax:
+
+```
+CMD ["executable", "parameter1", "parameter2"]
+```
+
+### ENTRYPOINT
+
+ENTRYPOINT works similarly to `CMD` but is designed to allow you to run your container as an executable.
+
+```
+ENTRYPOINT fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+```
+
+The default `ENTRYPOINT` of most images is `/bin/sh -c` which executes a `shell` command.
+
+
+`ENTRYPOINT` supports both the `ENTRYPOINT ["command"]` syntax and the `ENTRYPOINT command` syntax
+
+??? question "What is the difference in the `ENTRYPOINT` and `CMD`"
+
+    The CMD instruction is used to define what is execute when the container is run.
+
+    The ENTRYPOINT instruction cannot be overridden, instead it is appended to when a new command is given to the `docker run container:tag new-cmd` statement 
+
+    the executable is defined with ENTRYPOINT, while CMD specifies the default parameter
+
+### USER
+
+Most containers are run as `root` meaning that they have super-user privileges within themselves
+
+Typically, a new user is necessary in a container that is used interactively or may be run on a remote system.
+
+During the build of the container, you can create a new user with the `adduser` command and set up a `/home/` directory for them. This new user would have something like 1000:1000 `uid:gid` permissions without `sudo` privileges.
+
+As a last step, the container is run as the new `USER`, e.g., 
+
+```
+ARG VERSION=18.04
+
+FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+
+RUN useradd ubuntu && \
+    chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu
+
+USER ubuntu
+```
+
+### EXPOSE
+
+You can open [ports](intro.md#understanding-ports) using the `EXPOSE` command.
+
+```
+EXPOSE 8888
+```
+
+The above command will expose port 8888.
+
+!!! Note
+        Running multiple containers using the same port is not trivial and would require the usage of a web server such as [NGINX](https://www.nginx.com/). However, you can have multiple containers interact with each other using [Docker Compose](compose.md).
+
+---
+
+## Summary of Instructions
+
+| Instruction Command | Description |
+| --- | --- | 
+| `ARG` | Sets environmental variables during image building |
+| `FROM` | Instructs to use a specific Docker image |
+| `LABEL` | Adds metadata to the image |
+| `RUN` | Executes a specific command |
+| `ENV` | Sets environmental variables |
+| `COPY` | Copies a file from a specified location to the image |
+| `CMD` | Sets a command to be executed when running a container |
+| `ENTRYPOINT` | Configures and run a container as an executable |
+| `USER` | Used to set User specific information |
+| `EXPOSE` |  exposes a specific port |
diff --git a/docker/build/index.html b/docker/build/index.html
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+  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 8h-3V4H1v13h2c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h6c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h2v-5l-3-4M6 18.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M15 7h-2v7h-2V7H9v7H7V7H5v7H3V6h12v1m3 11.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M17 12V9.5h2.5l1.96 2.5H17Z"/></svg>
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+    </label>
+    <div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
+      <div class="md-header__ellipsis">
+        <div class="md-header__topic">
+          <span class="md-ellipsis">
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+          </span>
+        </div>
+        <div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
+          <span class="md-ellipsis">
+            
+              Building Docker Containers
+            
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+        </div>
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+    </div>
+    
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+            </label>
+          
+        
+          
+          
+          
+          <input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="black" data-md-color-accent="orange"  aria-label="Switch to light mode"  type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_2">
+          
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+            </label>
+          
+        
+      </form>
+    
+    
+    
+      <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
+        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
+      </label>
+      <div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
+  <label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
+  <div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
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+        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg>
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+        </button>
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+    <div class="md-search__output">
+      <div class="md-search__scrollwrap" data-md-scrollfix>
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+            Initializing search
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+        <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+<nav class="md-tabs" aria-label="Tabs" data-md-component="tabs">
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+      <a href="../intro/" class="md-tabs__link md-tabs__link--active">
+        Docker
+      </a>
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+  
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Singularity
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+  
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Orchestration
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Cloud Services
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+  
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+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Useful Resources
+      </a>
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+
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+    </ul>
+  </div>
+</nav>
+    
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+</header>
+    
+    <div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
+      
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+      <main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
+        <div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
+          
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
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+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary md-nav--lifted" aria-label="Navigation" data-md-level="0">
+  <label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
+    <a href="../.." title="Cloud Native Camp" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Cloud Native Camp" data-md-component="logo">
+      
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+  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 8h-3V4H1v13h2c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h6c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h2v-5l-3-4M6 18.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M15 7h-2v7h-2V7H9v7H7V7H5v7H3V6h12v1m3 11.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M17 12V9.5h2.5l1.96 2.5H17Z"/></svg>
+
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+    Cloud Native Camp
+  </label>
+  
+    <div class="md-nav__source">
+      <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M439.55 236.05 244 40.45a28.87 28.87 0 0 0-40.81 0l-40.66 40.63 51.52 51.52c27.06-9.14 52.68 16.77 43.39 43.68l49.66 49.66c34.23-11.8 61.18 31 35.47 56.69-26.49 26.49-70.21-2.87-56-37.34L240.22 199v121.85c25.3 12.54 22.26 41.85 9.08 55a34.34 34.34 0 0 1-48.55 0c-17.57-17.6-11.07-46.91 11.25-56v-123c-20.8-8.51-24.6-30.74-18.64-45L142.57 101 8.45 235.14a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0 40.81l195.61 195.6a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 40.8 0l194.69-194.69a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0-40.81z"/></svg>
+  </div>
+  <div class="md-source__repository">
+    CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp
+  </div>
+</a>
+    </div>
+  
+  <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+    
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
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+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Building Docker Containers
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#requirements" class="md-nav__link">
+    Requirements
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-a-dockerfile" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing a Dockerfile
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Writing a Dockerfile">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#arg" class="md-nav__link">
+    ARG
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#from" class="md-nav__link">
+    FROM
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#label" class="md-nav__link">
+    LABEL
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+    RUN
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#env" class="md-nav__link">
+    ENV
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#copy" class="md-nav__link">
+    COPY
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cmd" class="md-nav__link">
+    CMD
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#entrypoint" class="md-nav__link">
+    ENTRYPOINT
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#user" class="md-nav__link">
+    USER
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#expose" class="md-nav__link">
+    EXPOSE
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#summary-of-instructions" class="md-nav__link">
+    Summary of Instructions
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
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+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
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+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
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+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+  
+
+            
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
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+  
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+          
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
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+        Camp Discussion and Notes
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+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#requirements" class="md-nav__link">
+    Requirements
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-a-dockerfile" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing a Dockerfile
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Writing a Dockerfile">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#arg" class="md-nav__link">
+    ARG
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#from" class="md-nav__link">
+    FROM
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#label" class="md-nav__link">
+    LABEL
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+    RUN
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#env" class="md-nav__link">
+    ENV
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#copy" class="md-nav__link">
+    COPY
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cmd" class="md-nav__link">
+    CMD
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#entrypoint" class="md-nav__link">
+    ENTRYPOINT
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#user" class="md-nav__link">
+    USER
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#expose" class="md-nav__link">
+    EXPOSE
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#summary-of-instructions" class="md-nav__link">
+    Summary of Instructions
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/build.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="building-docker-images">Building Docker Images<a class="headerlink" href="#building-docker-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p>Now that we are relatively comfortable with running Docker, we can look at some advanced Docker topics, such as:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Building our own Docker images from the <code>Dockerfile</code></li>
+<li>Modify an existing Dockerfile and create a new image</li>
+<li>Push an image to a Registry</li>
+</ul>
+<h2 id="requirements">Requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#requirements" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Clone our example repository with pre-written Dockerfiles From your CodeSpace, we are going to copy a second GitHub repository onto our VM. If you are working locally, make sure that you change directories away from any other Git repository that you may have been working in.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>$ cd /workspaces
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>$ git clone https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>$ cd intro2docker/
+</code></pre></div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="writing-a-dockerfile">Writing a Dockerfile<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-a-dockerfile" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
+<p><code>Dockerfile</code> must be capitalized. It does not have a file extension.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Create a file called <code>Dockerfile</code>, and add content to it as described below, e.g.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>$ touch Dockerfile
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Formatting in the <code>Dockerfile</code></p>
+<p>We use a code line escape character <code>\</code> to allow single line scripts to be written on multiple lines in the Dockerfile.</p>
+<p>We also use the double characters <code>&amp;&amp;</code> which essentially mean “if true, then do this” while executing the code. The <code>&amp;&amp;</code> can come at the beginning of a line or the end when used with <code>\</code>.</p>
+</div>
+<p>The <code>Dockerfile</code> contains <strong>Instructions</strong>: a series of commands that Docker executes during the creation and execution of a container.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3 id="arg">ARG<a class="headerlink" href="#arg" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The only command that can come before a <code>FROM</code> statement is <code>ARG</code></p>
+<p><code>ARG</code> can be used to set arguments for later in the build, e.g.,</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>ARG VERSION=latest
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="from">FROM<a class="headerlink" href="#from" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>A valid <code>Dockerfile</code> must start with a <code>FROM</code> statement which initializes a new build stage and sets the <strong>base image</strong> for subsequent layers.</p>
+<p>We’ll start by specifying our base image, using the FROM statement</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>FROM ubuntu:latest
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>If you are building on an <code>arm64</code> or Windows system you can also give the optional <code>--platform</code> flag, e.g.,</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ubuntu:latest
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>When to use a multi-stage build pattern?</summary>
+<p>Docker has the ability to build container images from one image, and run that "builder" image from a second "base" image, in what is called a "builder pattern".</p>
+<p>Build patterns are useful if you're compiling code from (proprietary) source code and only want to feature the binary code as an executed function in the container at run time. </p>
+<p>Build patterns can greatly reduce the size of your container.</p>
+<p>You can use multiple <code>FROM</code> commands as build stages. The <code>AS</code> statement follows the <code>image:tag</code> as a psuedo argument. </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a># build stage
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>FROM golang:latest AS build-env
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>WORKDIR /go/src/app
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>ADD . /go/src/app
+<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>RUN go mod init
+<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>RUN cd /go/src/app &amp;&amp; go build -o hello
+<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a># final stage
+<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>FROM alpine:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>WORKDIR /app
+<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>COPY --from=build-env /go/src/app /app/
+<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>ENTRYPOINT ./hello
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h3 id="label">LABEL<a class="headerlink" href="#label" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>You can create labels which are then tagged as  JSON metadata to the image</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>LABEL author=&quot;your-name&quot; 
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>LABEL email=&quot;your@email-address&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a>LABEL version=&quot;v1.0&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>LABEL description=&quot;This is your first Dockerfile&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a>LABEL date_created=&quot;2022-05-13&quot;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You can also add labels to a container when it is run:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>$ docker run --label description=&quot;this label came later&quot; ubuntu:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>$ docker ps -a
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>$ docker inspect ###
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="run">RUN<a class="headerlink" href="#run" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Different than the <code>docker run</code> command is the <code>RUN</code> build function. <code>RUN</code> is used to create new layers atop the "base image"</p>
+<p>Here, we are going to install some games and programs into our base image:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>RUN apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y fortune cowsay lolcat
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Here we've installed <code>fortune</code> <code>cowsay</code> and <code>lolcat</code> as new programs into our base image.</p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Best practices for building new layers<p>Ever time you use the <code>RUN</code> command it is a good idea to use the <code>apt-get update</code> or <code>apt update</code> command to make sure your layer is up-to-date. This can become a problem though if you have a very large container with a large number of <code>RUN</code> layers. </p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="env">ENV<a class="headerlink" href="#env" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>In our new container, we need to change and update some of the environment flags. We can do this using the <code>ENV</code> command</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH}
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>ENV LC_ALL=C
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Here we are adding the <code>/usr/games</code> directory to the <code>PATH</code> so that when we run the new container it will find our newly installed game commands</p>
+<p>We are also updating the "<a href="https://www.tecmint.com/set-system-locales-in-linux/">locales</a>" to set the language of the container.</p>
+<h3 id="copy">COPY<a class="headerlink" href="#copy" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>COPY</code> command will copy files from the directory where <code>Dockerfile</code> is kept into the new image. You must specify where to copy the files or directories</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>COPY . /app
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>When to use <code>COPY</code> vs <code>ADD</code></summary>
+<p><code>COPY</code> is more basic and is good for files</p>
+<p><code>ADD</code> has some extra features like <code>.tar</code> extraction and URL support</p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="cmd">CMD<a class="headerlink" href="#cmd" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>CMD</code> command is used to run software in your image. In general use the ["command"] syntax:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>CMD [&quot;executable&quot;, &quot;parameter1&quot;, &quot;parameter2&quot;]
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="entrypoint">ENTRYPOINT<a class="headerlink" href="#entrypoint" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>ENTRYPOINT works similarly to <code>CMD</code> but is designed to allow you to run your container as an executable.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>ENTRYPOINT fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The default <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> of most images is <code>/bin/sh -c</code> which executes a <code>shell</code> command.</p>
+<p><code>ENTRYPOINT</code> supports both the <code>ENTRYPOINT ["command"]</code> syntax and the <code>ENTRYPOINT command</code> syntax</p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>What is the difference in the <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> and <code>CMD</code></summary>
+<p>The CMD instruction is used to define what is execute when the container is run.</p>
+<p>The ENTRYPOINT instruction cannot be overridden, instead it is appended to when a new command is given to the <code>docker run container:tag new-cmd</code> statement </p>
+<p>the executable is defined with ENTRYPOINT, while CMD specifies the default parameter</p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="user">USER<a class="headerlink" href="#user" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Most containers are run as <code>root</code> meaning that they have super-user privileges within themselves</p>
+<p>Typically, a new user is necessary in a container that is used interactively or may be run on a remote system.</p>
+<p>During the build of the container, you can create a new user with the <code>adduser</code> command and set up a <code>/home/</code> directory for them. This new user would have something like 1000:1000 <code>uid:gid</code> permissions without <code>sudo</code> privileges.</p>
+<p>As a last step, the container is run as the new <code>USER</code>, e.g., </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>ARG VERSION=18.04
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a>RUN useradd ubuntu &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>    chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu
+<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a>USER ubuntu
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="expose">EXPOSE<a class="headerlink" href="#expose" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>You can open <a href="../intro/#understanding-ports">ports</a> using the <code>EXPOSE</code> command.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>EXPOSE 8888
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The above command will expose port 8888.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>Running multiple containers using the same port is not trivial and would require the usage of a web server such as <a href="https://www.nginx.com/">NGINX</a>. However, you can have multiple containers interact with each other using <a href="../compose/">Docker Compose</a>.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="summary-of-instructions">Summary of Instructions<a class="headerlink" href="#summary-of-instructions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Instruction Command</th>
+<th>Description</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td><code>ARG</code></td>
+<td>Sets environmental variables during image building</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>FROM</code></td>
+<td>Instructs to use a specific Docker image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>LABEL</code></td>
+<td>Adds metadata to the image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>RUN</code></td>
+<td>Executes a specific command</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>ENV</code></td>
+<td>Sets environmental variables</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>COPY</code></td>
+<td>Copies a file from a specified location to the image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>CMD</code></td>
+<td>Sets a command to be executed when running a container</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>ENTRYPOINT</code></td>
+<td>Configures and run a container as an executable</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>USER</code></td>
+<td>Used to set User specific information</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>EXPOSE</code></td>
+<td>exposes a specific port</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+
+  <hr>
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diff --git a/docker/compose/compose.md b/docker/compose/compose.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..09ddf09d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/compose/compose.md
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+# Running multi-container Applications with Docker Compose
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose){target=_blank} is an extension of Docker which allows you to run multiple containers synchronously and in communication with one another. 
+
+Compose allows you to define and run a multi-container service using a `Dockerfile` and a `docker-compose.yml`. 
+
+!!! Note
+        Docker for Mac and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with
+        other Docker apps, so Mac users do not need to install Compose
+        separately. Docker for Windows and Docker Toolbox already include
+        Compose along with other Docker apps, so most Windows users do not need
+        to install Compose separately.
+
+        For Linux users
+
+        ``` bash
+        sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+
+        sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+        ```
+
+Main advantages of Docker compose include:
+
+-   Your applications can be defined in a YAML file where all the same
+    options required in `docker run` are now defined (reproducibility).
+-   It allows you to manage your application(s) as a single entity
+    rather than dealing with starting individual containers
+    (simplicity).
+
+!!! Note
+        For the sake of this example, either create your own `Dockerfile` or use the same Jupyter SciPy Notebook as in the [Advanced Section](advanced.md)
+
+---
+
+## Creating a `docker-compose.yml`
+
+Let's now create a Docker Compose `.yml` that calls Jupyter Notebook and RStudio
+
+1\. Create a folder `shared_data` in your current directory:
+
+```
+mkdir shared_data
+```
+
+2\. Create an empty `docker-compose.yml` file (e.g., touch docker-compose.yml) and paste the following lines
+
+```
+version: "3"
+
+# All available services
+services:
+
+  # Computation
+  jupyter:
+    container_name: "jupyter_notebook"
+    image: "jupyter/minimal-notebook"
+    restart: "always"
+    environment:
+      - JUPYTER_TOKEN=mytoken
+    user: root
+    volumes:
+      - ./data:/home/jovyan/work/
+    ports:
+      - 8888:8888
+
+  rstudio:
+    container_name: "rstudio"
+    image: "rocker/rstudio"
+    restart: "always"
+    environment:
+      - DISABLE_AUTH=true
+    volumes:
+      - ./data:/home/rstudio
+    ports:
+      - 8787:8787
+```
+
+3\. Run both Jupyter Lab and RStudio using `docker-compose up` instead of `docker run`.
+
+!!! Note
+        Handling containers with Docker Compose is fairly simple
+
+        ``` bash
+        docker-compose up
+        ```
+
+        attaches the volumes, opens ports, and starts the container
+
+        ``` bash
+        docker-compose down
+        ```
+
+        destroys the container
+
+A brief explanation of `docker-compose.yml` is as below:
+
+-   The web service builds from the Dockerfile in the current directory.
+-   Forwards the container's exposed port to port 8888 on the host.
+-   Mounts the project directory on the host to `/work` or `/rstudio` inside the
+    container (allowing you to modify code without having to rebuild the
+    image).
+-   `restart: always` means that it will restart whenever it fails.
+
+---
+
+## Running, shutting down, restarting `docker-compose`
+
+Run the containers with
+
+```
+$ docker-compose up -d
+```
+
+To stop running a running `docker-compose` session, either press `CTRL + C` or use the command:
+
+```
+docker-compose down
+```
+
+The above command removes containers, networks, volumes and images created by `docker-container up`.
+
+To restart a container, use the command 
+
+```
+docker-compose restart
+```
+
+`restart` will restart the docker-compose service *without* taking into account changes one may have made to the `yml` or environment.
+
+---
+
+## Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM
+
+!!! Warning
+    For the purpose of these following examples it is not suggested to use GitHub Codespaces.
+
+[:material-quadcopter: Web Open Drone Map (WebODM)](https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM/#run-it-on-the-cloud-google-compute-amazon-aws)
+
+OpenDroneMap is an open source photogrammetry toolkit to process aerial imagery into maps and 3D models running on command line. WebODM (Web OpenDroneMap) is an extension of ODM running on multiple Docker Containers provinding a user friendly web interface for easy visualization.
+
+To use WebODM:
+
+!!! Note "Prerequisites"
+    WebODM requires `docker`, `docker-compose` to function. Additionally, if you are on Windows, users will be required to have the [Docker Windows Application](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/windows/install/) installed as well as having the [WSL2](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install) (Windows Subsystem for Linux) operational.
+    
+1. Ensure your machine is up to date: `sudo apt-get update`
+2. Clone the WebODM repository: `git clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM --config core.autocrlf=input --depth 1`
+3. Move into the WebODM folder: `cd WebODM`
+4. Run WebODM: `sudo ./webodm.sh start`
+5. The necessary docker images will be downloaded (~2 minutes) and WebODM will be accessible through http://localhost:8000/
+
+!!! Note
+    You will be asked to create an account as a formality. Add any *username* and a *password* and select **Create Account**.
+
+6\. Download example data: `clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/odm_data_aukerman.git`. This git repository contains 77 HD images usable for WebODM. For other examples refer to [ODMData](https://www.opendronemap.org/odm/datasets/).
+
+7\. In the WebODM portal, click on **Select Images and GCP**, navigate to `odm_data_aukerman/images` and select between 20-50 images (16 is the absolute minimum, whilst 32 is the suggested minimum).
+
+![webodm_1](../assets/docker/WebODM_01.png)
+
+8\. WebODM will process the uploaded images (~5-10 minutes); upon completion, click **View Map**.
+
+![webodm_2](../assets/docker/WebODM_02.png)
+
+9\. A map will open; you can click on **3D** (bottom right) to see the 3D rendered model generated.
+
+![webodm_3](../assets/docker/WebODM_03.png)
diff --git a/docker/compose/index.html b/docker/compose/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5b49dfeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/compose/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1483 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
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+      
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+        Building Docker Containers
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+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Running multi-container Applications
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-a-docker-composeyml" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating a docker-compose.yml
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-shutting-down-restarting-docker-compose" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running, shutting down, restarting docker-compose
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#example-using-docker-compose-webodm" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+      
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+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+          
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+  
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+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
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+            
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
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+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        </label>
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
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+        Jetstream-2
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+        OpenStack
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
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+  
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
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+          Useful Resources
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+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-a-docker-composeyml" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating a docker-compose.yml
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-shutting-down-restarting-docker-compose" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running, shutting down, restarting docker-compose
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#example-using-docker-compose-webodm" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/compose.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="running-multi-container-applications-with-docker-compose">Running multi-container Applications with Docker Compose<a class="headerlink" href="#running-multi-container-applications-with-docker-compose" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Compose</a> is an extension of Docker which allows you to run multiple containers synchronously and in communication with one another. </p>
+<p>Compose allows you to define and run a multi-container service using a <code>Dockerfile</code> and a <code>docker-compose.yml</code>. </p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>Docker for Mac and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with
+other Docker apps, so Mac users do not need to install Compose
+separately. Docker for Windows and Docker Toolbox already include
+Compose along with other Docker apps, so most Windows users do not need
+to install Compose separately.</p>
+<p>For Linux users</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>curl<span class="w"> </span>-L<span class="w"> </span>https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-<span class="sb">`</span>uname<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="sb">`</span>-<span class="sb">`</span>uname<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="sb">`</span><span class="w"> </span>-o<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>chmod<span class="w"> </span>+x<span class="w"> </span>/usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+</code></pre></div>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>Main advantages of Docker compose include:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Your applications can be defined in a YAML file where all the same
+    options required in <code>docker run</code> are now defined (reproducibility).</li>
+<li>It allows you to manage your application(s) as a single entity
+    rather than dealing with starting individual containers
+    (simplicity).</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>For the sake of this example, either create your own <code>Dockerfile</code> or use the same Jupyter SciPy Notebook as in the <a href="../advanced/">Advanced Section</a></p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="creating-a-docker-composeyml">Creating a <code>docker-compose.yml</code><a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-docker-composeyml" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Let's now create a Docker Compose <code>.yml</code> that calls Jupyter Notebook and RStudio</p>
+<p>1. Create a folder <code>shared_data</code> in your current directory:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>mkdir shared_data
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>2. Create an empty <code>docker-compose.yml</code> file (e.g., touch docker-compose.yml) and paste the following lines</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>version: &quot;3&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a># All available services
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>services:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>  # Computation
+<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a>  jupyter:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a>    container_name: &quot;jupyter_notebook&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a>    image: &quot;jupyter/minimal-notebook&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a>    restart: &quot;always&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a>    environment:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a>      - JUPYTER_TOKEN=mytoken
+<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a>    user: root
+<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a>    volumes:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a>      - ./data:/home/jovyan/work/
+<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a>    ports:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a>      - 8888:8888
+<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a>  rstudio:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a>    container_name: &quot;rstudio&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a>    image: &quot;rocker/rstudio&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a>    restart: &quot;always&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a>    environment:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a>      - DISABLE_AUTH=true
+<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a>    volumes:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a>      - ./data:/home/rstudio
+<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a>    ports:
+<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a>      - 8787:8787
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>3. Run both Jupyter Lab and RStudio using <code>docker-compose up</code> instead of <code>docker run</code>.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>Handling containers with Docker Compose is fairly simple</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>docker-compose<span class="w"> </span>up
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>attaches the volumes, opens ports, and starts the container</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>docker-compose<span class="w"> </span>down
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>destroys the container</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>A brief explanation of <code>docker-compose.yml</code> is as below:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The web service builds from the Dockerfile in the current directory.</li>
+<li>Forwards the container's exposed port to port 8888 on the host.</li>
+<li>Mounts the project directory on the host to <code>/work</code> or <code>/rstudio</code> inside the
+    container (allowing you to modify code without having to rebuild the
+    image).</li>
+<li><code>restart: always</code> means that it will restart whenever it fails.</li>
+</ul>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="running-shutting-down-restarting-docker-compose">Running, shutting down, restarting <code>docker-compose</code><a class="headerlink" href="#running-shutting-down-restarting-docker-compose" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Run the containers with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>$ docker-compose up -d
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To stop running a running <code>docker-compose</code> session, either press <code>CTRL + C</code> or use the command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>docker-compose down
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The above command removes containers, networks, volumes and images created by <code>docker-container up</code>.</p>
+<p>To restart a container, use the command </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>docker-compose restart
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><code>restart</code> will restart the docker-compose service <em>without</em> taking into account changes one may have made to the <code>yml</code> or environment.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="example-using-docker-compose-webodm">Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM<a class="headerlink" href="#example-using-docker-compose-webodm" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
+<p>For the purpose of these following examples it is not suggested to use GitHub Codespaces.</p>
+</div>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM/#run-it-on-the-cloud-google-compute-amazon-aws"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M5.5 1C8 1 10 3 10 5.5c0 .88-.25 1.7-.69 2.4l.1.1h5.18l.1-.1c-.44-.7-.69-1.52-.69-2.4C14 3 16 1 18.5 1S23 3 23 5.5 21 10 18.5 10c-.88 0-1.7-.25-2.4-.69l-1.1 1.1v3.18l1.1 1.1c.7-.44 1.52-.69 2.4-.69 2.5 0 4.5 2 4.5 4.5S21 23 18.5 23 14 21 14 18.5c0-.88.25-1.7.69-2.4l-.1-.1H9.41l-.1.1c.44.7.69 1.52.69 2.4C10 21 8 23 5.5 23S1 21 1 18.5 3 14 5.5 14c.88 0 1.7.25 2.4.69l1.1-1.1v-3.18l-1.1-1.1c-.7.44-1.52.69-2.4.69C3 10 1 8 1 5.5S3 1 5.5 1m0 2A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 5.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5.5 8 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8 5.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5.5 3m0 13A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 18.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5.5 21 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8 18.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5.5 16m13-13A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 16 5.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 18.5 8 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 5.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 18.5 3m0 13a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5M3.91 17.25l1.13.66c.13-.1.29-.16.46-.16a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75l-.01.1 1.13.65-.28.5-1.13-.66c-.13.1-.29.16-.46.16a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75l.01-.1-1.13-.65.28-.5m-.28-11 1.13-.65-.01-.1a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75c.17 0 .33.06.46.16l1.13-.66.28.5-1.13.65.01.1a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75c-.17 0-.33-.06-.46-.16l-1.13.66-.28-.5m13.28-2 1.13.66c.13-.1.29-.16.46-.16a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75l-.01.1 1.13.65-.28.5-1.13-.66c-.13.1-.29.16-.46.16a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75l.01-.1-1.13-.65.28-.5m-.28 15 1.12-.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75c.17 0 .33.06.46.16l1.13-.66.28.5-1.12.75a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75c-.17 0-.33-.06-.46-.16l-1.13.66-.28-.5Z"/></svg></span> Web Open Drone Map (WebODM)</a></p>
+<p>OpenDroneMap is an open source photogrammetry toolkit to process aerial imagery into maps and 3D models running on command line. WebODM (Web OpenDroneMap) is an extension of ODM running on multiple Docker Containers provinding a user friendly web interface for easy visualization.</p>
+<p>To use WebODM:</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Prerequisites</p>
+<p>WebODM requires <code>docker</code>, <code>docker-compose</code> to function. Additionally, if you are on Windows, users will be required to have the <a href="https://docs.docker.com/desktop/windows/install/">Docker Windows Application</a> installed as well as having the <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install">WSL2</a> (Windows Subsystem for Linux) operational.</p>
+</div>
+<ol>
+<li>Ensure your machine is up to date: <code>sudo apt-get update</code></li>
+<li>Clone the WebODM repository: <code>git clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM --config core.autocrlf=input --depth 1</code></li>
+<li>Move into the WebODM folder: <code>cd WebODM</code></li>
+<li>Run WebODM: <code>sudo ./webodm.sh start</code></li>
+<li>The necessary docker images will be downloaded (~2 minutes) and WebODM will be accessible through <a href="http://localhost:8000/">http://localhost:8000/</a></li>
+</ol>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
+<p>You will be asked to create an account as a formality. Add any <em>username</em> and a <em>password</em> and select <strong>Create Account</strong>.</p>
+</div>
+<p>6. Download example data: <code>clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/odm_data_aukerman.git</code>. This git repository contains 77 HD images usable for WebODM. For other examples refer to <a href="https://www.opendronemap.org/odm/datasets/">ODMData</a>.</p>
+<p>7. In the WebODM portal, click on <strong>Select Images and GCP</strong>, navigate to <code>odm_data_aukerman/images</code> and select between 20-50 images (16 is the absolute minimum, whilst 32 is the suggested minimum).</p>
+<p><img alt="webodm_1" src="../../assets/docker/WebODM_01.png" /></p>
+<p>8. WebODM will process the uploaded images (~5-10 minutes); upon completion, click <strong>View Map</strong>.</p>
+<p><img alt="webodm_2" src="../../assets/docker/WebODM_02.png" /></p>
+<p>9. A map will open; you can click on <strong>3D</strong> (bottom right) to see the 3D rendered model generated.</p>
+<p><img alt="webodm_3" src="../../assets/docker/WebODM_03.png" /></p>
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diff --git a/docker/intro/index.html b/docker/intro/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb63087b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/intro/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,2223 @@
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+  <a href="#search" class="md-nav__link">
+     search
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pull" class="md-nav__link">
+     pull
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+     run
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#images" class="md-nav__link">
+     images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#ps" class="md-nav__link">
+     ps
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#stop" class="md-nav__link">
+     stop
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rm" class="md-nav__link">
+     rm
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rmi" class="md-nav__link">
+     rmi
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#system" class="md-nav__link">
+     system
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#tag" class="md-nav__link">
+     tag
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#push" class="md-nav__link">
+     push
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#commands-entrypoints" class="md-nav__link">
+    Commands &amp; Entrypoints
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interactive-commands-with-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interactive Commands with Containers
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#house-keeping-and-cleaning-up-exited-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+     House Keeping and  Cleaning Up Exited Containers
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" House Keeping and  Cleaning Up Exited Containers">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-docker-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing Docker Images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#clutter-and-cache" class="md-nav__link">
+    Clutter and Cache
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-data-in-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing Data in Docker
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Managing Data in Docker">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Volumes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#working-with-interactive-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+    Working with Interactive Containers
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Working with Interactive Containers">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#jupyter-lab-or-rstudio-server-ide" class="md-nav__link">
+    Jupyter Lab  or RStudio-Server  IDE
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#understanding-ports" class="md-nav__link">
+    Understanding PORTS
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Understanding PORTS">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#detaching-your-container-while-it-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Detaching your container while it is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-commands" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Commands
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#fundamental-docker-commands" class="md-nav__link">
+    Fundamental Docker Commands 
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Fundamental Docker Commands ">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#help" class="md-nav__link">
+     help
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#search" class="md-nav__link">
+     search
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pull" class="md-nav__link">
+     pull
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+     run
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#images" class="md-nav__link">
+     images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#ps" class="md-nav__link">
+     ps
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#stop" class="md-nav__link">
+     stop
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rm" class="md-nav__link">
+     rm
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rmi" class="md-nav__link">
+     rmi
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#system" class="md-nav__link">
+     system
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#tag" class="md-nav__link">
+     tag
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#push" class="md-nav__link">
+     push
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#commands-entrypoints" class="md-nav__link">
+    Commands &amp; Entrypoints
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interactive-commands-with-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interactive Commands with Containers
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#house-keeping-and-cleaning-up-exited-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+     House Keeping and  Cleaning Up Exited Containers
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" House Keeping and  Cleaning Up Exited Containers">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-docker-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing Docker Images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#clutter-and-cache" class="md-nav__link">
+    Clutter and Cache
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-data-in-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing Data in Docker
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Managing Data in Docker">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#volumes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Volumes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#working-with-interactive-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+    Working with Interactive Containers
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Working with Interactive Containers">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#jupyter-lab-or-rstudio-server-ide" class="md-nav__link">
+    Jupyter Lab  or RStudio-Server  IDE
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#understanding-ports" class="md-nav__link">
+    Understanding PORTS
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Understanding PORTS">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#detaching-your-container-while-it-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Detaching your container while it is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-commands" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Commands
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/intro.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="introduction-to-docker">Introduction to Docker <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span><a class="headerlink" href="#introduction-to-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p><a href="(https://hub.docker.com){target=_blank}"><img alt="docker" src="../../assets/docker/docker.png" width="400" /></a></p>
+<h3 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites<a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>In order to complete these exercises we <strong>STRONGLY</strong> recommend that you set up a personal <a href="https://github.com" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span> GitHub</a> and <a href="https://hub.docker.com" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> DockerHub</a> account (account creation for both services is free). </p>
+<p>There are no specific skills needed for this tutorial beyond elementary command line ability and using a text editor. </p>
+<p>We are going to be using <a href="https://github.com/features/codespaces" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span> GitHub CodeSpaces</a> for the hands on portion of the workshop, which features <a href="https://code.visualstudio.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 16.47V7.39l-6 4.54M2.22 9.19a.858.858 0 0 1-.02-1.15l1.2-1.11c.2-.18.69-.26 1.05 0l3.42 2.61 7.93-7.25c.32-.32.87-.45 1.5-.12l4 1.91c.36.21.7.54.7 1.15v13.5c0 .4-.29.83-.6 1l-4.4 2.1c-.32.13-.92.01-1.13-.2l-8.02-7.3-3.4 2.6c-.38.26-.85.19-1.05 0l-1.2-1.1c-.32-.33-.28-.87.05-1.2l3-2.7"/></svg></span> VS Code</a> as a fully enabled development environment with Docker already installed. </p>
+<p>CodeSpaces is a featured product from GitHub and requires a paid subscription or Academic account for access. Your account will temporarily be integrated with the course GitHub Organization for the next steps in the workshop.</p>
+<p>Our instructions on starting a new CodeSpace are <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/">here</a>. </p>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>Installing Docker on your personal computer</summary>
+<p>We are going to be using virtual machines on the cloud for this course, and we will explain why this is a good thing, but there may be a time when you want to run Docker on your own computer.</p>
+<p>Installing Docker takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup.</p>
+<p>Installation instructions from Docker Official Docs for common OS and chip architectures:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M318.7 268.7c-.2-36.7 16.4-64.4 50-84.8-18.8-26.9-47.2-41.7-84.7-44.6-35.5-2.8-74.3 20.7-88.5 20.7-15 0-49.4-19.7-76.4-19.7C63.3 141.2 4 184.8 4 273.5q0 39.3 14.4 81.2c12.8 36.7 59 126.7 107.2 125.2 25.2-.6 43-17.9 75.8-17.9 31.8 0 48.3 17.9 76.4 17.9 48.6-.7 90.4-82.5 102.6-119.3-65.2-30.7-61.7-90-61.7-91.9zm-56.6-164.2c27.3-32.4 24.8-61.9 24-72.5-24.1 1.4-52 16.4-67.9 34.9-17.5 19.8-27.8 44.3-25.6 71.9 26.1 2 49.9-11.4 69.5-34.3z"/></svg></span> Mac OS X</a></li>
+<li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m0 93.7 183.6-25.3v177.4H0V93.7zm0 324.6 183.6 25.3V268.4H0v149.9zm203.8 28L448 480V268.4H203.8v177.9zm0-380.6v180.1H448V32L203.8 65.7z"/></svg></span> Windows</a></li>
+<li><a href="https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M248 8C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm52.7 93c8.8-15.2 28.3-20.5 43.5-11.7 15.3 8.8 20.5 28.3 11.7 43.6-8.8 15.2-28.3 20.5-43.5 11.7-15.3-8.9-20.5-28.4-11.7-43.6zM87.4 287.9c-17.6 0-31.9-14.3-31.9-31.9 0-17.6 14.3-31.9 31.9-31.9 17.6 0 31.9 14.3 31.9 31.9 0 17.6-14.3 31.9-31.9 31.9zm28.1 3.1c22.3-17.9 22.4-51.9 0-69.9 8.6-32.8 29.1-60.7 56.5-79.1l23.7 39.6c-51.5 36.3-51.5 112.5 0 148.8L172 370c-27.4-18.3-47.8-46.3-56.5-79zm228.7 131.7c-15.3 8.8-34.7 3.6-43.5-11.7-8.8-15.3-3.6-34.8 11.7-43.6 15.2-8.8 34.7-3.6 43.5 11.7 8.8 15.3 3.6 34.8-11.7 43.6zm.3-69.5c-26.7-10.3-56.1 6.6-60.5 35-5.2 1.4-48.9 14.3-96.7-9.4l22.5-40.3c57 26.5 123.4-11.7 128.9-74.4l46.1.7c-2.3 34.5-17.3 65.5-40.3 88.4zm-5.9-105.3c-5.4-62-71.3-101.2-128.9-74.4l-22.5-40.3c47.9-23.7 91.5-10.8 96.7-9.4 4.4 28.3 33.8 45.3 60.5 35 23.1 22.9 38 53.9 40.2 88.5l-46 .6z"/></svg></span> Ubuntu Linux</a></li>
+</ul>
+</details>
+<details class="failure">
+<summary>Never used a terminal before?</summary>
+<p>That is  <img alt="💯" class="twemoji" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@14.1.2/assets/svg/1f4af.svg" title=":100:" />  OK! (This person never used a terminal until after their terminal degree, and now they actually PREFER to work in it for writing code) </p>
+<p>Don't be afraid or ashamed, but be ready to learn some new skills -- we promise it will be worth your while and even FUN! </p>
+<p>Before venturing much further, you should review the <a href="https://software-carpentry.org/lessons/" target="_blank">Software Carpentry</a> lessons on "The Unix Shell" and "Version Control with Git" -- these are great introductory lessons related to the skills we're teaching here.</p>
+<p>You've given up on ever using a terminal? No problem, Docker can be used from graphic interfaces, like <a href="https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/" target="_blank">Docker Desktop</a>, or platforms like <a href="https://www.portainer.io/" target="_blank">Portainer</a>. We suggest you read through their documentation on how to use Docker.</p>
+</details>
+<h2 id="fundamental-docker-commands">Fundamental Docker Commands <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 2.75C0 1.784.784 1 1.75 1h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v10.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 15H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 13.25V2.75zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v10.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h12.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V2.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75zM7.25 8a.75.75 0 0 1-.22.53l-2.25 2.25a.75.75 0 1 1-1.06-1.06L5.44 8 3.72 6.28a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06-1.06l2.25 2.25c.141.14.22.331.22.53zm1.5 1.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3z"/></svg></span><a class="headerlink" href="#fundamental-docker-commands" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Docker commands in the terminal use the prefix <code>docker</code>.</p>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>For every command listed, the correct execution of the commands through the command line is by using <code>docker</code> in front of the command: for example <code>docker help</code> or <code>docker search</code>. Thus, every <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> = <code>docker</code>. </p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="help"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> help<a class="headerlink" href="#help" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Like many other command line applications the most helpful flag is the <code>help</code> command which can be used with the Management Commands:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>$ docker 
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>$ docker --help
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="search"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> search<a class="headerlink" href="#search" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>We talk about the concept of <a href="../registry/">Docker Registries</a> in the next section, but you can search the public list of registeries by using the <code>docker search</code> command to find public containers on the Official <a href="https://hub.docker.com">Docker Hub Registry</a>:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>$ docker search  
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="pull"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> pull<a class="headerlink" href="#pull" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Go to the <a href="https://hub.docker.com">Docker Hub</a> and type <code>hello-world</code> in the search bar at the top of the page. </p>
+<p>Click on the 'tag' tab to see all the available 'hello-world' images. </p>
+<p>Click the 'copy' icon at the right to copy the <code>docker pull</code> command, or type it into your terminal:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>$ docker pull hello-world
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>If you leave off the <code>:</code> and the tag name, it will by default pull the <code>latest</code> image</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>$ docker pull hello-world
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>Using default tag: latest
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a>latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>2db29710123e: Pull complete 
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a>Digest: sha256:bfea6278a0a267fad2634554f4f0c6f31981eea41c553fdf5a83e95a41d40c38
+<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a>docker.io/library/hello-world:latest
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Now try to list the files in your current working directory:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>$ ls -l
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>Where is the image you just pulled?</summary>
+<p>Docker saves container images to the Docker directory (where Docker is installed). </p>
+<p>You won't ever see them in your working directory.</p>
+<p>Use 'docker images' to see all the images on your computer:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>$ docker images
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>adding yourself to the Docker group on Linux</summary>
+<p>Depending on how and where you've installed Docker, you may see a <code>permission denied</code> error after running <code>$ docker run helo-world</code> command.</p>
+<p>If you're on Linux, you may need to prefix your Docker commands with <code>sudo</code>. </p>
+<p>Alternatively to run docker command without <code>sudo</code>, you need to add your user name (who has root privileges) to the docker "group".</p>
+<p>Create the docker group:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>$ sudo groupadd docker
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Add your user to the docker group::</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Log out or close terminal and log back in and your group membership will be initiated</p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="run"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> run<a class="headerlink" href="#run" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The single most common command that you'll use with Docker is <code>docker run</code> (<a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/">see official help manual</a> for more details).</p>
+<p><code>docker run</code> starts a container and executes the default "entrypoint", or any other "command" that follows <code>run</code> and any optional flags.</p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>What is an <em>entrypoint</em>?</summary>
+<p>An entrypoint is the initial command(s) executed upon starting the Docker container. It is listed in the <code>Dockerfile</code> as <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> and can take 2 forms: as commands followed by parameters (<code>ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2</code>)  or as an executable (<code>ENTRYPOINT [“executable”, “param1”, “param2”]</code>)</p>
+</details>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>$ docker run hello-world:latest
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>In the demo above, you used the <code>docker pull</code> command to download the <code>hello-world:latest</code> image.</p>
+<p>What about if you run a container that you haven't downloaded?</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>$ docker run alpine:latest ls -l
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>When you executed the command <code>docker run alpine:latest</code>, Docker first looked for the cached image locally, but did not find it, it then ran a <code>docker pull</code> behind the scenes to download the <code>alpine:latest</code> image and then execute your command.</p>
+<p>When you ran <code>docker run alpine:latest</code>, you provided a command <code>ls -l</code>, so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing of the Alpine file system (not your host system, this was insice the container!).</p>
+<h3 id="images"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> images<a class="headerlink" href="#images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>You can now use the <code>docker images</code> command to see a list of all the cached images on your system:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>$ docker images 
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a>alpine                  latest              c51f86c28340        4 weeks ago         1.109 MB
+<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>hello-world             latest              690ed74de00f        5 months ago        960 B
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>Inspecting your containers</summary>
+<p>To find out more about a Docker images, run <code>docker inspect hello-world:latest</code></p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="ps"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> ps<a class="headerlink" href="#ps" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Now it's time to see the <code>docker ps</code> command which shows you all containers that are currently running on your machine. </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>docker ps
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Since no containers are running, you see a blank line.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>$ docker ps
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Let's try a more useful variant: <code>docker ps --all</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>$ docker ps --all
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
+<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>a5eab9243a15   hello-world                                      &quot;/hello&quot;                 5 seconds ago    Exited (0) 3 seconds ago              loving_mcnulty
+<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a>3bb4e26d2e0c   alpine:latest                                    &quot;/bin/sh&quot;                17 seconds ago   Exited (0) 16 seconds ago             objective_meninsky
+<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a>192ffdf0cbae   opensearchproject/opensearch-dashboards:latest   &quot;./opensearch-dashbo…&quot;   3 days ago       Exited (0) 3 days ago                 opensearch-dashboards
+<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a>a10d47d3b6de   opensearchproject/opensearch:latest              &quot;./opensearch-docker…&quot;   3 days ago       Exited (0) 3 days ago                 opensearch-node1
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>What you see above is a list of all containers that you have run. </p>
+<p>Notice that the <code>STATUS</code> column shows the current condition of the container: running, or as shown in the example, when the container was exited.</p>
+<h3 id="stop"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> stop<a class="headerlink" href="#stop" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>stop</code> command is used for containers that are actively running, either as a foreground process or as a detached background one.</p>
+<p>You can find a running container using the <code>docker ps</code> command.</p>
+<h3 id="rm"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> rm<a class="headerlink" href="#rm" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>You can remove individual stopped containers by using the <code>rm</code> command. Use the <code>ps</code> command to see all your stopped contiainers:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>@user ➜ /workspaces $ docker ps -a
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a>03542eaac9dc   hello-world                  &quot;/hello&quot;                 About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             unruffled_nobel
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Use the first few unique alphanumerics in the CONTAINER ID to remove the stopped container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a>@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ docker rm 0354
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>0354
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Check to see that the container is gone using <code>ps -a</code> a second time (<code>-a</code> is shorthand for <code>--all</code>; the full command is <code>docker ps -a</code> or <code>docker ps --all</code>).</p>
+<h3 id="rmi"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> rmi<a class="headerlink" href="#rmi" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>rmi</code> command is similar to <code>rm</code> but it will remove the cached images. Used in combination with <code>docker images</code> or <code>docker system df</code> you can clean up a full cache</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a>docker rmi
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a>@user ➜ /workspaces/ (mkdocs ✗) $ docker images
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>opendronemap/webodm_webapp   latest    e075d13aaf35   21 hours ago   1.62GB
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>redis                        latest    a10f849e1540   5 days ago     117MB
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>opendronemap/nodeodm         latest    b4c50165f838   6 days ago     1.77GB
+<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>hello-world                  latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 months ago   13.3kB
+<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>opendronemap/webodm_db       latest    e40c0f274bba   8 months ago   695MB
+<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ docker rmi hello-world
+<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>Untagged: hello-world:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>Untagged: hello-world@sha256:10d7d58d5ebd2a652f4d93fdd86da8f265f5318c6a73cc5b6a9798ff6d2b2e67
+<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412
+<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>Deleted: sha256:e07ee1baac5fae6a26f30cabfe54a36d3402f96afda318fe0a96cec4ca393359
+<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ 
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="system"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> system<a class="headerlink" href="#system" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>system</code> command can be used to view information about containers on your cache, you can view your total disk usage, view events or info.</p>
+<p>You can also use it to <code>prune</code> unused data and image layers.</p>
+<p>To remove all cached layers, images, and data you can use the <code>-af</code> flag for <code>all</code> and <code>force</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a>docker system prune -af
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="tag"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> tag<a class="headerlink" href="#tag" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>By default an image will recieve the tag <code>latest</code> when it is not specified during the <code>docker build</code> </p>
+<p>Image names and tags can be created or changed using the <code>docker tag</code> command. </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a>docker tag imagename:oldtag imagename:newtag
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You can also change the registry name used in the tag:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a>docker tag docker.io/username/imagename:oldtag harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The cached image laters will not change their <code>sha256</code> and both image tags will still be present after the new tag name is generated. </p>
+<h3 id="push"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> push<a class="headerlink" href="#push" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>By default <code>docker push</code> will upload your local container image to the <a href="" target="_blank">Docker Hub</a></p>
+<p>We will cover <code>push</code> in more detail at the end of Day 2, but the essential functionality is the same as pull.</p>
+<p>Also, make sure that your container has the appropriate <a href="./#tag">tag</a></p>
+<p>First, make sure to log into the Docker Hub, this will allow you to download private limages, to upload private/public images:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a>docker login
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Alternately, you can <a href="https://hub.docker.com/settings/linked-accounts" target="_blank">link GitHub / GitLab accounts</a> to the Docker Hub.</p>
+<p>To push the image to the Docker Hub:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a>docker push username/imagename:tag 
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>or</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a>docker push docker.io/username/imagename:tag
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>or, to a private registry, here we push to CyVerse private <code>harbor.cyverse.org</code> registry which uses "project" sub folders:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a>docker push harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag 
+</code></pre></div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="commands-entrypoints">Commands &amp; Entrypoints<a class="headerlink" href="#commands-entrypoints" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>We will cover the differences in <code>CMD</code> and <code>ENTRYPOINT</code> on Day 2 when we build our own images, but it is important to understand that a container can have a command appended to the <code>docker run</code> function.</p>
+<p>When a image has no commands or entrypoints specified in its Dockerfile, it will default to running a <code>/bin/sh</code> syntax. In those cases, you can add a command when the congtainer is run:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a>$ docker run alpine echo &quot;Hello world&quot;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>the Docker client dutifully ran the <code>echo</code> command in our <code>alpine</code> container and then exited. </p>
+<p>If you've noticed, all of that happened pretty quickly.  Imagine booting up a virtual machine, running a command and then killing it. Now you know why they say containers are fast!</p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="interactive-commands-with-containers">Interactive Commands with Containers<a class="headerlink" href="#interactive-commands-with-containers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Lets try another command, this time to access the container as a shell:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a>$ docker run alpine:latest sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Wait, nothing happened, right? </p>
+<p>Is that a bug? </p>
+<p>Well, no.</p>
+<p>The container will exit after running any scripted commands such as <code>sh</code>, unless they are run in an "interactive" terminal (TTY) - so for this example to not exit, you need to add the <code>-i</code> for interactive and <code>-t</code> for TTY. </p>
+<p>You can run them both in a single flag as <code>-it</code>, which is the more common way of adding the flag:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a>$ docker run -it alpine:latest sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The prompt should change to something more like <code>/ #</code>.</p>
+<p>You are now running a shell inside the container! </p>
+<p>Try out a few commands like <code>ls -l</code>, <code>uname -a</code> and others.</p>
+<p>Exit out of the container by giving the <code>exit</code> command.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a>/ # exit
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="warning">
+<summary>Making sure you've exited the container</summary>
+<p>If you type <code>exit</code> your <strong>container</strong> will exit and is no longer active. To check that, try the following:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a>$ docker ps --latest
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                          PORTS                    NAMES
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>de4bbc3eeaec        alpine                &quot;/bin/sh&quot;                3 minutes ago       Exited (0) About a minute ago                            pensive_leavitt
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>If you want to keep the container active, then you can use keys <code>ctrl +p</code> <code>ctrl +q</code>. To make sure that it is not exited run the same <code>docker ps --latest</code> command again:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a>$ docker ps --latest
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a>CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                    NAMES
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a>0db38ea51a48        alpine                &quot;sh&quot;                     3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                            elastic_lewin
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Now if you want to get back into that container, then you can type <code>docker attach &lt;container id&gt;</code>. This way you can save your container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a>$ docker attach 0db38ea51a48
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="house-keeping-and-cleaning-up-exited-containers"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 20v-6h4v6h5v-8h3L12 3 2 12h3v8h5Z"/></svg></span> House Keeping and <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.36 2.72 1.42 1.42-5.72 5.71c1.07 1.54 1.22 3.39.32 4.59L9.06 8.12c1.2-.9 3.05-.75 4.59.32l5.71-5.72M5.93 17.57c-2.01-2.01-3.24-4.41-3.58-6.65l4.88-2.09 7.44 7.44-2.09 4.88c-2.24-.34-4.64-1.57-6.65-3.58Z"/></svg></span> Cleaning Up Exited Containers<a class="headerlink" href="#house-keeping-and-cleaning-up-exited-containers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="managing-docker-images">Managing Docker Images<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-docker-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>In the previous example, you pulled the <code>alpine</code> image from the registry and asked the Docker client to run a container based on that image. To see the list of images that are available locally on your system, run the <code>docker images</code> command.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a>    $ docker images
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>    REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a>    ubuntu                     bionic              47b19964fb50        4 weeks ago         88.1MB
+<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a>    alpine                     latest              caf27325b298        4 weeks ago         5.53MB
+<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a>    hello-world                latest              fce289e99eb9        2 months ago        1.84kB
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Above is a list of images that I've pulled from the registry and those I've created myself (we'll shortly see how). You will have a different list of images on your machine. The <strong>TAG</strong> refers to a particular snapshot of the image and the <strong>ID</strong> is the corresponding unique identifier for that image.</p>
+<p>For simplicity, you can think of an image akin to a Git repository - images can be committed with changes and have multiple versions. When you do not provide a specific version number, the client defaults to latest.</p>
+<h3 id="clutter-and-cache">Clutter and Cache<a class="headerlink" href="#clutter-and-cache" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Docker images are <strong>cached</strong> on your machine in the location where Docker was installed. These image files are not visible in the same directory where you might have used <code>docker pull &lt;imagename&gt;</code>.</p>
+<p>Some Docker images can be large. Especially data science images with many scientific programming libraries and packages pre-installed.</p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Checking your system cache<p>Pulling many images from the Docker Registries may fill up your hard disk!</p>
+<p>To inspect your system and disk use:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a>$ docker system info
+<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a>$ docker system df
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To find out how many images are on your machine, type:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a>$ docker images
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To remove images that you no longer need, type:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a>$ docker system prune
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>This is where it becomes important to differentiate between <em>images</em>, <em>containers</em>, and <em>volumes</em> (which we'll get to more in a bit). </p>
+<p>You can take care of all of the dangling images and containers on your system. </p>
+<p>Note, that <code>prune</code> will not remove your cached <em>images</em> </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a>$ docker system prune
+<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a>    WARNING! This will remove:
+<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a>    - all stopped containers
+<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a>    - all networks not used by at least one container
+<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a>    - all dangling images
+<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a>    - all dangling build cache
+<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a>Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N]
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>If you added the <code>-af</code> flag it will remove "all" <code>-a</code> dangling images, empty containers, AND ALL CACHED IMAGES with "force" <code>-f</code>.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="managing-data-in-docker">Managing Data in Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-data-in-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>It is possible to store data within the writable layer of a container, but there are some limitations:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The data doesn’t persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it.</li>
+<li>A container’s writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can’t easily move the data somewhere else.</li>
+<li>Its better to put your data into the container <strong>AFTER</strong> it is built - this keeps the container size smaller and easier to move across networks.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Volumes</strong></li>
+<li><strong>tmpfs mounts</strong></li>
+<li><strong>Bind mounts</strong></li>
+</ul>
+<p><img alt="bind_mount" src="../../assets/docker/bind_mount.png" /></p>
+<p>When in doubt, volumes are almost always the right choice.</p>
+<h3 id="volumes">Volumes<a class="headerlink" href="#volumes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Volumes are often a better choice than persisting data in a container’s writable layer, because using a volume does not increase the size of containers using it, and the volume’s contents exist outside the lifecycle of a given container. While bind mounts (which we will see in the Advanced portion of the Camp) are dependent on the directory structure of the host machine, volumes are completely managed by Docker. Volumes have several advantages over bind mounts:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Volumes are easier to back up or migrate than bind mounts.</li>
+<li>You can manage volumes using Docker CLI commands or the Docker API.</li>
+<li>Volumes work on both UNIX and Windows containers.</li>
+<li>Volumes can be more safely shared among multiple containers.</li>
+<li>A new volume’s contents can be pre-populated by a container.</li>
+</ul>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>When Should I Use the Temporary File System mount?</summary>
+<p>If your container generates non-persistent state data, consider using a <code>tmpfs</code> mount to avoid storing the data anywhere permanently, and to increase the container’s performance by avoiding writing into the container’s writable layer. The data is written to the host's memory instead of a volume; When the container stops, the <code>tmpfs</code> mount is removed, and files written there will not be kept.</p>
+</details>
+<p>Choose the <code>-v</code> flag for mounting volumes</p>
+<p><code>-v</code> or <code>--volume</code>: Consists of three fields, separated by colon characters (:). </p>
+<p>The fields must be in the correct order, and the meaning of each field is not immediately obvious.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The <strong>first</strong> field is the path on your <strong>local machine</strong> that where the data are.</li>
+<li>The <strong>second</strong> field is the path where the file or directory are <strong>mounted in the container</strong>.</li>
+<li>The third field is optional, and is a comma-separated list of options, such as <code>ro</code> (read only).</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a>-v /home/username/your_data_folder:/container_folder
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a>$ docker run -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest ls -l /work
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>So what if we wanted to work interactively inside the container?</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a>$ docker run -it -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a>$ ls -l 
+<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a>$ ls -l work
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Once you're in the container, you will see that the <code>/work</code> directory is mounted in the working directory.</p>
+<p>Any data that you add to that folder outside the container will appear INSIDE the container. And any work you do inside the container saved in that folder will be saved OUTSIDE the container as well.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="working-with-interactive-containers">Working with Interactive Containers<a class="headerlink" href="#working-with-interactive-containers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Let's go ahead and run some Integrated Development Environment images from "trusted" organizations on the Docker Hub Registry.</p>
+<h3 id="jupyter-lab-or-rstudio-server-ide">Jupyter Lab <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.14 7.5A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 22 10.36v3.78A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 19.14 17H12c0 .39.32.96.71.96H17v1.68a2.86 2.86 0 0 1-2.86 2.86H9.86A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 7 19.64v-3.75a2.85 2.85 0 0 1 2.86-2.85h5.25a2.85 2.85 0 0 0 2.85-2.86V7.5h1.18m-4.28 11.79c-.4 0-.72.3-.72.89 0 .59.32.71.72.71a.71.71 0 0 0 .71-.71c0-.59-.32-.89-.71-.89m-10-1.79A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 2 14.64v-3.78A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 4.86 8H12c0-.39-.32-.96-.71-.96H7V5.36A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 9.86 2.5h4.28A2.86 2.86 0 0 1 17 5.36v3.75a2.85 2.85 0 0 1-2.86 2.85H8.89a2.85 2.85 0 0 0-2.85 2.86v2.68H4.86M9.14 5.71c.4 0 .72-.3.72-.89 0-.59-.32-.71-.72-.71-.39 0-.71.12-.71.71s.32.89.71.89Z"/></svg></span> or RStudio-Server <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 4.29c-5.5 0-10 3-10 6.71 0 3.28 3.56 6 8.24 6.58v2.13h3.41v-2.12c.85-.09 1.64-.25 2.39-.48l1.38 2.6h3.86l-2.32-3.91C20.83 14.58 22 12.87 22 11c0-3.71-4.5-6.71-10-6.71m1.53 2.62c4.2 0 7.3 1.4 7.3 4.59 0 1.71-.92 2.91-2.42 3.65-.09-.05-.17-.1-.22-.15-.36-.16-.96-.34-.96-.34s2.98-.22 2.98-3.19c0-2.97-3.12-3.02-3.12-3.02h-6.85v7.16c-2.55-.74-4.31-2.31-4.31-4.11 0-2.54 3.4-4.59 7.6-4.59m.15 3.98h2.07s.95-.05.95.94c0 .97-.95.97-.95.97h-2.07v-1.91m-.03 4.41h.92c.18 0 .27.05.43.2.13.1.27.29.39.46-.55.07-1.13.1-1.74.1v-.76Z"/></svg></span> IDE<a class="headerlink" href="#jupyter-lab-or-rstudio-server-ide" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>In this section, let's find a Docker image which can run a Jupyter Notebook</p>
+<p>Search for official images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'jupyter'</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a>$ docker search jupyter
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>It should return something like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a>NAME                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
+<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a>jupyter/datascience-notebook           Jupyter Notebook Data Science Stack from htt…   912                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a>jupyter/all-spark-notebook             Jupyter Notebook Python, Scala, R, Spark, Me…   374                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a>jupyter/scipy-notebook                 Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack fro…   337                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a>jupyterhub/jupyterhub                  JupyterHub: multi-user Jupyter notebook serv…   307                  [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a>jupyter/tensorflow-notebook            Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack w/ …   298                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a>jupyter/pyspark-notebook               Jupyter Notebook Python, Spark, Mesos Stack …   224                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a>jupyter/base-notebook                  Small base image for Jupyter Notebook stacks…   168                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a>jupyter/minimal-notebook               Minimal Jupyter Notebook Stack from https://…   150                  
+<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a>jupyter/r-notebook                     Jupyter Notebook R Stack from https://github…   44                   
+<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a>jupyterhub/singleuser                  single-user docker images for use with Jupyt…   43                   [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a>jupyter/nbviewer                       Jupyter Notebook Viewer                         27                   [OK]
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Search for images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'rstudio'</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a>$ docker search rstudio
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a>NAME                                           DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
+<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a>rocker/rstudio                                 RStudio Server image                            389                  [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a>rstudio/r-base                                 Docker Images for R                             24                   
+<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a>rocker/rstudio-stable                          Build RStudio based on a debian:stable (debi…   16                   [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a>rstudio/rstudio-server-pro                     Deprecated Docker images for RStudio Server …   10                   
+<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a>rstudio/r-session-complete                     Images for sessions and jobs in RStudio Serv…   10                   
+<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a>rstudio/plumber                                                                                6                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a>rstudio/rstudio-connect                        Default Docker image for RStudio Connect        4                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a>rstudio/r-builder-images-win                                                                   3                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a>rstudio/rstudio-workbench                      Docker Image for RStudio Workbench (formerly…   2                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a>saagie/rstudio                                 RStudio with sparklyr, Saagie&#39;s addin and ab…   2                    [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a>ibmcom/rstudio-ppc64le                         Integrated development environment (IDE) for…   2                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a>rstudio/checkrs-tew                            Test Environment: Web                           1                    [OK]
+<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a>rstudio/rstudio-package-manager                Default Docker image for RStudio Package Man…   1                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a>rstudio/shinyapps-package-dependencies         Docker images used to test the install scrip…   1                    
+<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a>rstudio/rstudio-workbench-preview                                                              1                    
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="warning">
+<summary>Untrusted community images</summary>
+<p>An important thing to note: None of these Jupyter or RStudio images are 'official' Docker images, meaning they could be trojans for spyware, malware, or other nasty warez.</p>
+</details>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="understanding-ports">Understanding PORTS<a class="headerlink" href="#understanding-ports" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>When we want to run a container that runs on the open internet, we need to add a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers" target="_blank">TCP or UDP port number</a> from which we can access the application in a browser using the machine's IP (Internet Protocol) address or DNS (Domain Name Service) location.</p>
+<p>To do this, we need to access the container over a separate port address on the machine we're working on.</p>
+<p>Docker uses the flag <code>--port</code> or <code>-p</code> for short followed by two sets of port numbers. </p>
+<details class="note">
+<summary>Exposing Ports</summary>
+<p>Docker can in fact expose all ports to a container using the capital <code>-P</code> flag</p>
+<p>For security purposes, it is generally NEVER a good idea to expose all ports.</p>
+</details>
+<p>Typically these numbers can be the same, but in some cases your machine may already be running another program (or container) on that open port.</p>
+<p>The port has two sides <code>left:right</code> separated by a colon. The left side port number is the INTERNAL port that the container software thinks its using. The right side number is the EXTERNAL port that you can access on your computer (or virtual machine).</p>
+<p>Here are some examples to run basic RStudio and Jupyter Lab:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a>$ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2022 rocker/rstudio
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>note: on CodeSpaces, the reverse proxy for the DNS requires you to turn off authentication</strong></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a>$ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true rocker/rstudio
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a>$ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="note">
+<summary>Preempting stale containers from your cache</summary>
+<p>We've added the <code>--rm</code> flag, which means the container will automatically removed from the cache when the container is exited.</p>
+<p>When you start an IDE in a terminal, the terminal connection must stay active to keep the container alive.</p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="detaching-your-container-while-it-is-running">Detaching your container while it is running<a class="headerlink" href="#detaching-your-container-while-it-is-running" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>If we want to keep our window in the foreground  we can use the <code>-d</code> - the <em>detached</em> flag will run the container as a background process, rather than in the foreground. </p>
+<p>When you run a container with this flag, it will start, run, telling you the container ID:</p>
+<p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a>$ docker run --rm -d -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+</code></pre></div>
+Note, that your terminal is still active and you can use it to launch more containers. </p>
+<p>To view the running container, use the <code>docker ps</code> command.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="docker-commands">Docker Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-commands" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Here is a compiled list of fundamental Docker Commands:</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Command</th>
+<th>Usage</th>
+<th>Example</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td><code>pull</code></td>
+<td>Downloads an image from Docker Hub</td>
+<td><code>docker pull hello-world:latest</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>run</code></td>
+<td>runs a container with entrypoint</td>
+<td><code>docker run -it user/image:tag</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>build</code></td>
+<td>Builds a docker image from a Dockerfile in current working directory</td>
+<td><code>docker build -t user/image:tag .</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>images</code></td>
+<td>List all images on the local machine</td>
+<td><code>docker images list</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>tag</code></td>
+<td>Adds a different tag name to an image</td>
+<td><code>docker tag hello-world:latest hello-world:new-tag-name</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>login</code></td>
+<td>Authenticate to the Docker Hub (requires username and password)</td>
+<td><code>docker login</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>push</code></td>
+<td>Upload your new image to the Docker Hub</td>
+<td><code>docker push user/image:tag</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>inspect</code></td>
+<td>Provide detailed information on constructs controlled by Docker</td>
+<td><code>docker inspect containerID</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>ps</code></td>
+<td>List all containers on your system</td>
+<td><code>docker ps -a</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>rm</code></td>
+<td>Delete a stopped or running container</td>
+<td><code>docker rm -f &lt;container ID&gt;</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>rmi</code></td>
+<td>Delete an <em>image</em> from your cache</td>
+<td><code>docker rmi hello-world:latest</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>stop</code></td>
+<td>Stop a running container</td>
+<td><code>docker stop alpine:latest</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>system</code></td>
+<td>View system details, remove old images and containers with <code>prune</code></td>
+<td><code>docker system prune</code></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><code>push</code></td>
+<td>Uploads an image to the Docker Hub (or other private registry)</td>
+<td><code>docker push username/image:tag</code></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+
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diff --git a/docker/intro/intro.md b/docker/intro/intro.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ba975a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/intro/intro.md
@@ -0,0 +1,663 @@
+# Introduction to Docker :material-docker:
+
+[![docker](../assets/docker/docker.png){ width="400" }]((https://hub.docker.com){target=_blank})
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+In order to complete these exercises we **STRONGLY** recommend that you set up a personal [:material-github: GitHub](https://github.com){target=_blank} and [:material-docker: DockerHub](https://hub.docker.com){target=_blank} account (account creation for both services is free). 
+
+There are no specific skills needed for this tutorial beyond elementary command line ability and using a text editor. 
+
+We are going to be using [:material-github: GitHub CodeSpaces](https://github.com/features/codespaces){target=_blank} for the hands on portion of the workshop, which features [:material-microsoft-visual-studio-code: VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/){target=_blank} as a fully enabled development environment with Docker already installed. 
+
+CodeSpaces is a featured product from GitHub and requires a paid subscription or Academic account for access. Your account will temporarily be integrated with the course GitHub Organization for the next steps in the workshop.
+
+Our instructions on starting a new CodeSpace are [here](../cloud/codespaces.md). 
+
+??? Info "Installing Docker on your personal computer"
+
+    We are going to be using virtual machines on the cloud for this course, and we will explain why this is a good thing, but there may be a time when you want to run Docker on your own computer.
+
+    Installing Docker takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup.
+
+    Installation instructions from Docker Official Docs for common OS and chip architectures:
+
+	- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: Mac OS X](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/){target=_blank}
+	- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows){target=_blank}
+	- [:fontawesome-brands-ubuntu: Ubuntu Linux](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/){target=_blank}
+
+??? Failure "Never used a terminal before?"
+    
+    That is  :100:  OK! (This person never used a terminal until after their terminal degree, and now they actually PREFER to work in it for writing code) 
+    
+    Don't be afraid or ashamed, but be ready to learn some new skills -- we promise it will be worth your while and even FUN! 
+    
+    Before venturing much further, you should review the [Software Carpentry](https://software-carpentry.org/lessons/){target=_blank} lessons on "The Unix Shell" and "Version Control with Git" -- these are great introductory lessons related to the skills we're teaching here.
+
+    You've given up on ever using a terminal? No problem, Docker can be used from graphic interfaces, like [Docker Desktop](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/){target=_blank}, or platforms like [Portainer](https://www.portainer.io/){target=_blank}. We suggest you read through their documentation on how to use Docker.
+
+## Fundamental Docker Commands :octicons-terminal-16: 
+
+Docker commands in the terminal use the prefix `docker`.
+
+!!! Note
+        For every command listed, the correct execution of the commands through the command line is by using `docker` in front of the command: for example `docker help` or `docker search`. Thus, every :material-docker: = `docker`. 
+
+### :material-docker: help
+
+Like many other command line applications the most helpful flag is the `help` command which can be used with the Management Commands:
+
+``` 
+$ docker 
+$ docker --help
+```
+
+### :material-docker: search
+
+We talk about the concept of [Docker Registries](registry.md) in the next section, but you can search the public list of registeries by using the `docker search` command to find public containers on the Official [Docker Hub Registry](https://hub.docker.com):
+
+```
+$ docker search  
+```
+
+### :material-docker: pull
+
+Go to the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com) and type `hello-world` in the search bar at the top of the page. 
+
+Click on the 'tag' tab to see all the available 'hello-world' images. 
+
+Click the 'copy' icon at the right to copy the `docker pull` command, or type it into your terminal:
+
+```
+$ docker pull hello-world
+```
+
+!!! Note
+        If you leave off the `:` and the tag name, it will by default pull the `latest` image
+
+```
+$ docker pull hello-world
+Using default tag: latest
+latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
+2db29710123e: Pull complete 
+Digest: sha256:bfea6278a0a267fad2634554f4f0c6f31981eea41c553fdf5a83e95a41d40c38
+Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
+docker.io/library/hello-world:latest
+```
+
+Now try to list the files in your current working directory:
+
+```
+$ ls -l
+```
+
+??? Question "Where is the image you just pulled?"
+
+    Docker saves container images to the Docker directory (where Docker is installed). 
+    
+    You won't ever see them in your working directory.
+
+    Use 'docker images' to see all the images on your computer:
+
+    ```
+    $ docker images
+    ```
+
+??? Tip "adding yourself to the Docker group on Linux"
+
+	Depending on how and where you've installed Docker, you may see a `permission denied` error after running `$ docker run helo-world` command.
+    
+    If you're on Linux, you may need to prefix your Docker commands with `sudo`. 
+    
+    Alternatively to run docker command without `sudo`, you need to add your user name (who has root privileges) to the docker "group".
+
+	Create the docker group:
+
+    ```
+	$ sudo groupadd docker
+    ```
+
+	Add your user to the docker group::
+    
+    ```
+	$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
+    ```
+
+	Log out or close terminal and log back in and your group membership will be initiated
+
+### :material-docker: run
+
+The single most common command that you'll use with Docker is `docker run` ([see official help manual](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/) for more details).
+
+`docker run` starts a container and executes the default "entrypoint", or any other "command" that follows `run` and any optional flags.
+
+??? Tip "What is an *entrypoint*?"
+
+    An entrypoint is the initial command(s) executed upon starting the Docker container. It is listed in the `Dockerfile` as `ENTRYPOINT` and can take 2 forms: as commands followed by parameters (`ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2`)  or as an executable (`ENTRYPOINT [“executable”, “param1”, “param2”]`)
+
+```
+$ docker run hello-world:latest
+```
+
+In the demo above, you used the `docker pull` command to download the `hello-world:latest` image.
+
+What about if you run a container that you haven't downloaded?
+
+
+```
+$ docker run alpine:latest ls -l
+```
+
+When you executed the command `docker run alpine:latest`, Docker first looked for the cached image locally, but did not find it, it then ran a `docker pull` behind the scenes to download the `alpine:latest` image and then execute your command.
+
+When you ran `docker run alpine:latest`, you provided a command `ls -l`, so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing of the Alpine file system (not your host system, this was insice the container!).
+
+### :material-docker: images
+
+You can now use the `docker images` command to see a list of all the cached images on your system:
+
+```
+$ docker images	
+REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
+alpine                 	latest              c51f86c28340        4 weeks ago         1.109 MB
+hello-world             latest              690ed74de00f        5 months ago        960 B
+```
+
+??? Info "Inspecting your containers"
+
+	To find out more about a Docker images, run `docker inspect hello-world:latest`
+
+### :material-docker: ps
+
+Now it's time to see the `docker ps` command which shows you all containers that are currently running on your machine. 
+
+```
+docker ps
+```
+
+Since no containers are running, you see a blank line.
+
+```
+$ docker ps
+CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
+```
+
+Let's try a more useful variant: `docker ps --all`
+
+```
+$ docker ps --all
+CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
+a5eab9243a15   hello-world                                      "/hello"                 5 seconds ago    Exited (0) 3 seconds ago              loving_mcnulty
+3bb4e26d2e0c   alpine:latest                                    "/bin/sh"                17 seconds ago   Exited (0) 16 seconds ago             objective_meninsky
+192ffdf0cbae   opensearchproject/opensearch-dashboards:latest   "./opensearch-dashbo…"   3 days ago       Exited (0) 3 days ago                 opensearch-dashboards
+a10d47d3b6de   opensearchproject/opensearch:latest              "./opensearch-docker…"   3 days ago       Exited (0) 3 days ago                 opensearch-node1
+
+```
+
+What you see above is a list of all containers that you have run. 
+
+Notice that the `STATUS` column shows the current condition of the container: running, or as shown in the example, when the container was exited.
+
+### :material-docker: stop
+
+The `stop` command is used for containers that are actively running, either as a foreground process or as a detached background one.
+
+You can find a running container using the `docker ps` command.
+
+### :material-docker: rm
+
+You can remove individual stopped containers by using the `rm` command. Use the `ps` command to see all your stopped contiainers:
+
+```
+@user ➜ /workspaces $ docker ps -a
+CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
+03542eaac9dc   hello-world                  "/hello"                 About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             unruffled_nobel
+```
+
+Use the first few unique alphanumerics in the CONTAINER ID to remove the stopped container:
+
+```
+@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ docker rm 0354
+0354
+```
+
+Check to see that the container is gone using `ps -a` a second time (`-a` is shorthand for `--all`; the full command is `docker ps -a` or `docker ps --all`).
+
+### :material-docker: rmi
+
+The `rmi` command is similar to `rm` but it will remove the cached images. Used in combination with `docker images` or `docker system df` you can clean up a full cache
+
+```
+docker rmi
+```
+
+```
+@user ➜ /workspaces/ (mkdocs ✗) $ docker images
+REPOSITORY                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
+opendronemap/webodm_webapp   latest    e075d13aaf35   21 hours ago   1.62GB
+redis                        latest    a10f849e1540   5 days ago     117MB
+opendronemap/nodeodm         latest    b4c50165f838   6 days ago     1.77GB
+hello-world                  latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 months ago   13.3kB
+opendronemap/webodm_db       latest    e40c0f274bba   8 months ago   695MB
+@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ docker rmi hello-world
+Untagged: hello-world:latest
+Untagged: hello-world@sha256:10d7d58d5ebd2a652f4d93fdd86da8f265f5318c6a73cc5b6a9798ff6d2b2e67
+Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412
+Deleted: sha256:e07ee1baac5fae6a26f30cabfe54a36d3402f96afda318fe0a96cec4ca393359
+@user ➜ /workspaces (mkdocs ✗) $ 
+```
+
+### :material-docker: system
+
+The `system` command can be used to view information about containers on your cache, you can view your total disk usage, view events or info.
+
+You can also use it to `prune` unused data and image layers.
+
+To remove all cached layers, images, and data you can use the `-af` flag for `all` and `force`
+
+```
+docker system prune -af
+```
+
+### :material-docker: tag
+
+By default an image will recieve the tag `latest` when it is not specified during the `docker build` 
+
+Image names and tags can be created or changed using the `docker tag` command. 
+
+```
+docker tag imagename:oldtag imagename:newtag
+```
+
+You can also change the registry name used in the tag:
+
+```
+docker tag docker.io/username/imagename:oldtag harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag
+```
+
+The cached image laters will not change their `sha256` and both image tags will still be present after the new tag name is generated. 
+
+### :material-docker: push
+
+By default `docker push` will upload your local container image to the [Docker Hub](){target=_blank}
+
+We will cover `push` in more detail at the end of Day 2, but the essential functionality is the same as pull.
+
+Also, make sure that your container has the appropriate [tag](./intro.md#tag)
+
+First, make sure to log into the Docker Hub, this will allow you to download private limages, to upload private/public images:
+
+```
+docker login
+```
+
+Alternately, you can [link GitHub / GitLab accounts](https://hub.docker.com/settings/linked-accounts){target=_blank} to the Docker Hub.
+
+To push the image to the Docker Hub:
+
+```
+docker push username/imagename:tag 
+```
+
+or
+
+```
+docker push docker.io/username/imagename:tag
+```
+
+or, to a private registry, here we push to CyVerse private `harbor.cyverse.org` registry which uses "project" sub folders:
+
+```
+docker push harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag 
+```
+
+---
+
+## Commands & Entrypoints
+
+We will cover the differences in `CMD` and `ENTRYPOINT` on Day 2 when we build our own images, but it is important to understand that a container can have a command appended to the `docker run` function.
+
+When a image has no commands or entrypoints specified in its Dockerfile, it will default to running a `/bin/sh` syntax. In those cases, you can add a command when the congtainer is run:
+
+```
+$ docker run alpine echo "Hello world"
+```
+
+the Docker client dutifully ran the ``echo`` command in our ``alpine`` container and then exited. 
+
+If you've noticed, all of that happened pretty quickly.  Imagine booting up a virtual machine, running a command and then killing it. Now you know why they say containers are fast!
+
+---
+
+## Interactive Commands with Containers
+
+Lets try another command, this time to access the container as a shell:
+
+```
+$ docker run alpine:latest sh
+```
+
+Wait, nothing happened, right? 
+
+Is that a bug? 
+
+Well, no.
+
+The container will exit after running any scripted commands such as `sh`, unless they are run in an "interactive" terminal (TTY) - so for this example to not exit, you need to add the `-i` for interactive and `-t` for TTY. 
+
+You can run them both in a single flag as ``-it``, which is the more common way of adding the flag:
+
+```
+$ docker run -it alpine:latest sh
+```
+
+The prompt should change to something more like `/ # `.
+
+You are now running a shell inside the container! 
+
+Try out a few commands like `ls -l`, `uname -a` and others.
+
+Exit out of the container by giving the `exit` command.
+
+```
+/ # exit
+```
+
+??? Warning "Making sure you've exited the container"
+
+	If you type `exit` your **container** will exit and is no longer active. To check that, try the following:
+
+    ```
+	$ docker ps --latest
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                          PORTS                    NAMES
+	de4bbc3eeaec        alpine                "/bin/sh"                3 minutes ago       Exited (0) About a minute ago                            pensive_leavitt
+    ```
+
+	If you want to keep the container active, then you can use keys `ctrl +p` `ctrl +q`. To make sure that it is not exited run the same `docker ps --latest` command again:
+
+    ```
+	$ docker ps --latest
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                    NAMES
+	0db38ea51a48        alpine                "sh"                     3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                            elastic_lewin
+    ```
+
+	Now if you want to get back into that container, then you can type `docker attach <container id>`. This way you can save your container:
+
+	```
+    $ docker attach 0db38ea51a48
+    ```
+
+---
+
+## :material-home: House Keeping and :material-broom: Cleaning Up Exited Containers
+
+### Managing Docker Images
+
+In the previous example, you pulled the `alpine` image from the registry and asked the Docker client to run a container based on that image. To see the list of images that are available locally on your system, run the `docker images` command.
+
+```
+	$ docker images
+	REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
+	ubuntu                     bionic              47b19964fb50        4 weeks ago         88.1MB
+	alpine                     latest              caf27325b298        4 weeks ago         5.53MB
+	hello-world                latest              fce289e99eb9        2 months ago        1.84kB
+```
+
+Above is a list of images that I've pulled from the registry and those I've created myself (we'll shortly see how). You will have a different list of images on your machine. The **TAG** refers to a particular snapshot of the image and the **ID** is the corresponding unique identifier for that image.
+
+For simplicity, you can think of an image akin to a Git repository - images can be committed with changes and have multiple versions. When you do not provide a specific version number, the client defaults to latest.
+
+### Clutter and Cache
+
+Docker images are **cached** on your machine in the location where Docker was installed. These image files are not visible in the same directory where you might have used `docker pull <imagename>`.
+
+Some Docker images can be large. Especially data science images with many scientific programming libraries and packages pre-installed.
+
+!!! Warning "Checking your system cache"
+
+        Pulling many images from the Docker Registries may fill up your hard disk!
+
+        To inspect your system and disk use:
+
+        ```
+        $ docker system info
+        $ docker system df
+        ```
+
+        To find out how many images are on your machine, type:
+
+        ```
+        $ docker images
+        ```
+
+        To remove images that you no longer need, type:
+
+        ```
+        $ docker system prune
+        ```
+
+        This is where it becomes important to differentiate between *images*, *containers*, and *volumes* (which we'll get to more in a bit). 
+
+        You can take care of all of the dangling images and containers on your system. 
+
+        Note, that `prune` will not remove your cached *images* 
+
+        ```
+        $ docker system prune
+            WARNING! This will remove:
+            - all stopped containers
+            - all networks not used by at least one container
+            - all dangling images
+            - all dangling build cache
+
+        Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N]
+        ```
+
+        If you added the `-af` flag it will remove "all" `-a` dangling images, empty containers, AND ALL CACHED IMAGES with "force" `-f`.
+
+---
+
+## Managing Data in Docker
+
+It is possible to store data within the writable layer of a container, but there are some limitations:
+
+- The data doesn’t persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it.
+- A container’s writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can’t easily move the data somewhere else.
+- Its better to put your data into the container **AFTER** it is built - this keeps the container size smaller and easier to move across networks.
+
+Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host:
+
+- **Volumes**
+- **tmpfs mounts**
+- **Bind mounts**
+
+![bind_mount](../assets/docker/bind_mount.png)
+
+When in doubt, volumes are almost always the right choice.
+
+### Volumes
+
+Volumes are often a better choice than persisting data in a container’s writable layer, because using a volume does not increase the size of containers using it, and the volume’s contents exist outside the lifecycle of a given container. While bind mounts (which we will see in the Advanced portion of the Camp) are dependent on the directory structure of the host machine, volumes are completely managed by Docker. Volumes have several advantages over bind mounts:
+
+- Volumes are easier to back up or migrate than bind mounts.
+- You can manage volumes using Docker CLI commands or the Docker API.
+- Volumes work on both UNIX and Windows containers.
+- Volumes can be more safely shared among multiple containers.
+- A new volume’s contents can be pre-populated by a container.
+
+??? Tip "When Should I Use the Temporary File System mount?"
+
+	If your container generates non-persistent state data, consider using a `tmpfs` mount to avoid storing the data anywhere permanently, and to increase the container’s performance by avoiding writing into the container’s writable layer. The data is written to the host's memory instead of a volume; When the container stops, the `tmpfs` mount is removed, and files written there will not be kept.
+
+Choose the `-v` flag for mounting volumes
+
+`-v` or `--volume`: Consists of three fields, separated by colon characters (:). 
+
+The fields must be in the correct order, and the meaning of each field is not immediately obvious.
+
+- The **first** field is the path on your **local machine** that where the data are.
+- The **second** field is the path where the file or directory are **mounted in the container**.
+- The third field is optional, and is a comma-separated list of options, such as `ro` (read only).
+
+```
+-v /home/username/your_data_folder:/container_folder
+```
+
+```
+$ docker run -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest ls -l /work
+```
+
+So what if we wanted to work interactively inside the container?
+
+```
+$ docker run -it -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest sh
+```
+
+```
+$ ls -l 
+$ ls -l work
+```
+
+Once you're in the container, you will see that the `/work` directory is mounted in the working directory.
+
+Any data that you add to that folder outside the container will appear INSIDE the container. And any work you do inside the container saved in that folder will be saved OUTSIDE the container as well.
+
+---
+
+## Working with Interactive Containers
+
+Let's go ahead and run some Integrated Development Environment images from "trusted" organizations on the Docker Hub Registry.
+
+### Jupyter Lab :material-language-python: or RStudio-Server :material-language-r: IDE
+	
+In this section, let's find a Docker image which can run a Jupyter Notebook
+
+Search for official images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'jupyter'
+
+```
+$ docker search jupyter
+```
+
+It should return something like:
+
+```
+NAME                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
+jupyter/datascience-notebook           Jupyter Notebook Data Science Stack from htt…   912                  
+jupyter/all-spark-notebook             Jupyter Notebook Python, Scala, R, Spark, Me…   374                  
+jupyter/scipy-notebook                 Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack fro…   337                  
+jupyterhub/jupyterhub                  JupyterHub: multi-user Jupyter notebook serv…   307                  [OK]
+jupyter/tensorflow-notebook            Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack w/ …   298                  
+jupyter/pyspark-notebook               Jupyter Notebook Python, Spark, Mesos Stack …   224                  
+jupyter/base-notebook                  Small base image for Jupyter Notebook stacks…   168                  
+jupyter/minimal-notebook               Minimal Jupyter Notebook Stack from https://…   150                  
+jupyter/r-notebook                     Jupyter Notebook R Stack from https://github…   44                   
+jupyterhub/singleuser                  single-user docker images for use with Jupyt…   43                   [OK]
+jupyter/nbviewer                       Jupyter Notebook Viewer                         27                   [OK]
+```
+
+Search for images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'rstudio'
+
+```
+$ docker search rstudio
+```
+
+```
+NAME                                           DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
+rocker/rstudio                                 RStudio Server image                            389                  [OK]
+rstudio/r-base                                 Docker Images for R                             24                   
+rocker/rstudio-stable                          Build RStudio based on a debian:stable (debi…   16                   [OK]
+rstudio/rstudio-server-pro                     Deprecated Docker images for RStudio Server …   10                   
+rstudio/r-session-complete                     Images for sessions and jobs in RStudio Serv…   10                   
+rstudio/plumber                                                                                6                    
+rstudio/rstudio-connect                        Default Docker image for RStudio Connect        4                    
+rstudio/r-builder-images-win                                                                   3                    
+rstudio/rstudio-workbench                      Docker Image for RStudio Workbench (formerly…   2                    
+saagie/rstudio                                 RStudio with sparklyr, Saagie's addin and ab…   2                    [OK]
+ibmcom/rstudio-ppc64le                         Integrated development environment (IDE) for…   2                    
+rstudio/checkrs-tew                            Test Environment: Web                           1                    [OK]
+rstudio/rstudio-package-manager                Default Docker image for RStudio Package Man…   1                    
+rstudio/shinyapps-package-dependencies         Docker images used to test the install scrip…   1                    
+rstudio/rstudio-workbench-preview                                                              1                    
+```
+
+??? Warning "Untrusted community images"
+
+    An important thing to note: None of these Jupyter or RStudio images are 'official' Docker images, meaning they could be trojans for spyware, malware, or other nasty warez.
+
+---
+
+## Understanding PORTS
+
+When we want to run a container that runs on the open internet, we need to add a [TCP or UDP port number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers){target=_blank} from which we can access the application in a browser using the machine's IP (Internet Protocol) address or DNS (Domain Name Service) location.
+
+To do this, we need to access the container over a separate port address on the machine we're working on.
+
+Docker uses the flag `--port` or `-p` for short followed by two sets of port numbers. 
+
+??? Note "Exposing Ports"
+
+    Docker can in fact expose all ports to a container using the capital `-P` flag
+
+    For security purposes, it is generally NEVER a good idea to expose all ports.
+
+Typically these numbers can be the same, but in some cases your machine may already be running another program (or container) on that open port.
+
+The port has two sides `left:right` separated by a colon. The left side port number is the INTERNAL port that the container software thinks its using. The right side number is the EXTERNAL port that you can access on your computer (or virtual machine).
+
+Here are some examples to run basic RStudio and Jupyter Lab:
+
+```
+$ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2022 rocker/rstudio
+```
+
+**note: on CodeSpaces, the reverse proxy for the DNS requires you to turn off authentication**
+
+```
+$ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true rocker/rstudio
+```
+
+```
+$ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+```
+
+??? Note "Preempting stale containers from your cache"
+
+	We've added the `--rm` flag, which means the container will automatically removed from the cache when the container is exited.
+
+	When you start an IDE in a terminal, the terminal connection must stay active to keep the container alive.
+
+### Detaching your container while it is running
+
+If we want to keep our window in the foreground  we can use the `-d` - the *detached* flag will run the container as a background process, rather than in the foreground. 
+
+When you run a container with this flag, it will start, run, telling you the container ID:
+
+```
+$ docker run --rm -d -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+```
+Note, that your terminal is still active and you can use it to launch more containers. 
+
+To view the running container, use the `docker ps` command.
+
+---
+
+## Docker Commands
+
+Here is a compiled list of fundamental Docker Commands:
+
+| Command | Usage | Example |
+|---------|-------|---------|
+| `pull` | Downloads an image from Docker Hub | `docker pull hello-world:latest` |
+| `run`  | runs a container with entrypoint | `docker run -it user/image:tag` | 
+| `build` | Builds a docker image from a Dockerfile in current working directory | `docker build -t user/image:tag .` |
+| `images` |  List all images on the local machine  | `docker images list` |
+| `tag` |  Adds a different tag name to an image | `docker tag hello-world:latest hello-world:new-tag-name` |
+| `login` | Authenticate to the Docker Hub (requires username and password) | `docker login` |
+| `push` | Upload your new image to the Docker Hub | `docker push user/image:tag` |
+| `inspect` | Provide detailed information on constructs controlled by Docker | `docker inspect containerID` |
+| `ps`  | List all containers on your system  | `docker ps -a` |
+| `rm` | Delete a stopped or running container |`docker rm -f <container ID>` |
+| `rmi` | Delete an *image* from your cache |  `docker rmi hello-world:latest`  |
+| `stop` | Stop a running container | `docker stop alpine:latest` |
+| `system` | View system details, remove old images and containers with `prune` |`docker system prune` |
+| `push` | Uploads an image to the Docker Hub (or other private registry) | `docker push username/image:tag` |
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docker/registry/index.html b/docker/registry/index.html
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+          Finding the right container
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Registries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#search-image-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Search Image Registries
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Search Image Registries">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockerhub" class="md-nav__link">
+     DockerHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#biocontainers" class="md-nav__link">
+     BioContainers
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#redhat-quayio" class="md-nav__link">
+     RedHat Quay.io
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#nvidia-gpu-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+     NVIDIA GPU Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
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+            
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
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+        Advanced use of Singularity
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
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+        </label>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
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+          
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+              
+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
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+            
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+      </nav>
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+          Useful Resources
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
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+          Useful Resources
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+          
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
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+  
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+            
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Registries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#search-image-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Search Image Registries
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Search Image Registries">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockerhub" class="md-nav__link">
+     DockerHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#biocontainers" class="md-nav__link">
+     BioContainers
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#redhat-quayio" class="md-nav__link">
+     RedHat Quay.io
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#nvidia-gpu-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+     NVIDIA GPU Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/docker/registry.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Finding the right container</h1>
+
+<p>There is a high likelihood that the Docker image you need already exists for the application you use in your research. </p>
+<p>Rather than starting from scratch and creating your own <em>image</em> from a <code>Dockerfile</code>, you should first go searching for one that already exists. This will save you time writing and compiling your own image.</p>
+<p>First, you will need to know where to look for existing images. Docker images are hosted across the internet on libraries that are called <strong>Registries</strong>.</p>
+<div class="admonition info">
+<p class="admonition-title">Container Terminology</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="m10.41.24 4.711 2.774A1.767 1.767 0 0 1 16 4.54v5.01a1.77 1.77 0 0 1-.88 1.53l-7.753 4.521-.002.001a1.767 1.767 0 0 1-1.774 0H5.59L.873 12.85A1.762 1.762 0 0 1 0 11.327V6.292c0-.304.078-.598.22-.855l.004-.005.01-.019c.15-.262.369-.486.64-.643L8.641.239a1.75 1.75 0 0 1 1.765 0l.002.001zM9.397 1.534a.25.25 0 0 1 .252 0l4.115 2.422-7.152 4.148a.267.267 0 0 1-.269 0L2.227 5.716l7.17-4.182zM7.365 9.402 8.73 8.61v4.46l-1.5.875V9.473a1.77 1.77 0 0 0 .136-.071zm2.864 2.794V7.741l1.521-.882v4.45l-1.521.887zm3.021-1.762 1.115-.65h.002a.268.268 0 0 0 .133-.232V5.264l-1.25.725v4.445zm-11.621 1.12 4.1 2.393V9.474a1.77 1.77 0 0 1-.138-.072L1.5 7.029v4.298c0 .095.05.181.129.227z"/></svg></span> Container</strong>: when an <em>image</em> is run it becomes the <em>container</em>; A container shares its kernel with other containers using the same image and each runs as an isolated process on the host. </li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 3h18v4H3V3m1 5h16v13H4V8m5.5 3a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5V13h6v-1.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5h-5Z"/></svg></span> Registry</strong>: an online library of container images</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M2.75 1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v11.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 1 13.25V1.75C1 .784 1.784 0 2.75 0h8a1.75 1.75 0 0 1 1.508.862.75.75 0 1 1-1.289.768.25.25 0 0 0-.219-.13h-8z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 7a4 4 0 1 1 6.49 3.13l.995 4.973a.75.75 0 0 1-.991.852l-2.409-.876a.25.25 0 0 0-.17 0l-2.409.876a.75.75 0 0 1-.991-.852l.994-4.973A3.993 3.993 0 0 1 8 7zm4-2.5a2.5 2.5 0 1 0 0 5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5zm0 6.5a4 4 0 0 0 1.104-.154l.649 3.243-1.155-.42c-.386-.14-.81-.14-1.196 0l-1.155.42.649-3.243A4 4 0 0 0 12 11z"/></svg></span> Name</strong>: the name of the image</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M5.5 7A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 4 5.5 1.5 1.5 0 0 1 5.5 4 1.5 1.5 0 0 1 7 5.5 1.5 1.5 0 0 1 5.5 7m15.91 4.58-9-9C12.05 2.22 11.55 2 11 2H4c-1.11 0-2 .89-2 2v7c0 .55.22 1.05.59 1.41l8.99 9c.37.36.87.59 1.42.59.55 0 1.05-.23 1.41-.59l7-7c.37-.36.59-.86.59-1.41 0-.56-.23-1.06-.59-1.42Z"/></svg></span> Tag</strong>: identifies exact version of the image, following a <code>:</code> in the name. If no tag name is given, by default Docker will assign the <code>latest</code> tag name to an image.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12 16 7.36-5.73L21 9l-9-7-9 7 1.63 1.27M12 18.54l-7.38-5.73L3 14.07l9 7 9-7-1.63-1.27L12 18.54Z"/></svg></span> Layer</strong>: an intermediate image, the result of a single set of build commands. An image is built upon layers starting with a base operating system.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M6 2c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h4v-1.9l10-10V8l-6-6H6m7 1.5L18.5 9H13V3.5m7.1 9.5c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-2 1.8L12 20.9V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2.1Z"/></svg></span> Dockerfile</strong>: a text file that contains a list of commands that the Docker daemon calls while creating the layers of an image. </li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 9V3.5L18.5 9M6 2c-1.11 0-2 .89-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8l-6-6H6Z"/></svg></span> Image</strong>: images are compressed files in a cache on a host and can be built locally or downloaded from a <em>registry</em></li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 9h5.5L13 3.5V9M6 2h8l6 6v12a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H6a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V4c0-1.11.89-2 2-2m.12 13.5 3.74 3.74 1.42-1.41-2.33-2.33 2.33-2.33-1.42-1.41-3.74 3.74m11.16 0-3.74-3.74-1.42 1.41 2.33 2.33-2.33 2.33 1.42 1.41 3.74-3.74Z"/></svg></span> Base image</strong>: has no parent layers, usually base images are a basic Linux operating system like <code>alpine</code>, <code>debian</code>, or <code>ubuntu</code>.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 3h6v4H3V3m12 7h6v4h-6v-4m0 7h6v4h-6v-4m-2-4H7v5h6v2H5V9h2v2h6v2Z"/></svg></span> Child image</strong>: any image built from a base image that has added layers.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m23.5 17-5 5-3.5-3.5 1.5-1.5 2 2 3.5-3.5 1.5 1.5M6 2c-1.11 0-2 .89-2 2v16c0 1.11.89 2 2 2h7.81c-.53-.91-.81-1.95-.81-3 0-3.31 2.69-6 6-6 .34 0 .67.03 1 .08V8l-6-6m-1 1.5L18.5 9H13Z"/></svg></span> Official images</strong>: verified (<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m10 17-4-4 1.41-1.41L10 14.17l6.59-6.59L18 9m-6-8L3 5v6c0 5.55 3.84 10.74 9 12 5.16-1.26 9-6.45 9-12V5l-9-4Z"/></svg></span>) images hosted on a public container registry. Safe to use, built by the professionals who know them best.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h12c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V8l-6-6m.5 16.9L12 17.5 9.5 19l.7-2.8L8 14.3l2.9-.2 1.1-2.7 1.1 2.6 2.9.2-2.2 1.9.7 2.8M13 9V3.5L18.5 9H13Z"/></svg></span> Publisher image</strong>: certified images that also include support and guarantee compatibility.</li>
+<li><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M6 2c-1.11 0-2 .89-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8l-6-6H6m7 1.5L18.5 9H13V3.5M12 11a3 3 0 0 1 3 3c0 1.88-2.25 2.06-2.25 3.75h-1.5c0-2.44 2.25-2.25 2.25-3.75a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-1.5-1.5 1.5 1.5 0 0 0-1.5 1.5H9a3 3 0 0 1 3-3m-.75 7.5h1.5V20h-1.5v-1.5Z"/></svg></span> User image</strong>: images created and shared by users like you. Their contents may be a mystery and therefore are not to be trusted. </li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="docker-registries">Docker Registries<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-registries" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Docker uses the concept of <strong>Registries</strong>, online libraries where container <strong>images</strong> are cached for public utilization.</p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>What <em>EXACTLY</em> is a Container Registry?</summary>
+<p>A Registry is a storage and distribution system for named Docker images</p>
+<p>Organized by owners into <strong>repositories</strong> with compiled <strong>images</strong> that users can download and run </p>
+</details>
+<p>Things you can do with registries:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Search for public images;</li>
+<li>Pull official images;</li>
+<li>Host and share private images;</li>
+<li>Push your images.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>You must have an account on each registry in order to create repositories and to host your own images.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>You can create multiple repositories; </li>
+<li>You can create multiple tagged images in a repository;</li>
+<li>You can set up your own private registry using a <em>Docker Trusted Registry</em>.</li>
+</ul>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="search-image-registries">Search Image Registries<a class="headerlink" href="#search-image-registries" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
+<p>Only use images from trusted sources or images for which you can see the <code>Dockerfile</code>. Any image from an untrusted source could contain something other than what's indicated. If you can see the Dockerfile you can see exactly what is in the image.</p>
+</div>
+<p>Docker looks into the <a href="https://hub.docker.com/">Docker Hub</a> public registry by default. </p>
+<p>Examples of public/private registries to consider for your research needs:</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Registry Name</th>
+<th>Container Types</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://hub.docker.com/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Hub</a></td>
+<td>Official Images for Docker</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ecr/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.64 10.38c0 .25.02.45.07.62.05.12.12.28.21.46.04.04.05.1.05.15 0 .07-.04.13-.13.2l-.42.28c-.06.04-.12.06-.17.06-.07 0-.13-.04-.2-.1-.09-.1-.17-.2-.24-.31-.06-.11-.13-.24-.2-.39-.52.61-1.17.92-1.96.92-.56 0-1-.16-1.33-.48-.32-.32-.49-.75-.49-1.29 0-.55.2-1 .6-1.36.41-.34.95-.52 1.63-.52.23 0 .44.02.71.06.23.03.5.08.76.14v-.48c0-.51-.1-.84-.31-1.07-.22-.21-.57-.3-1.08-.3-.24 0-.48.03-.72.08-.25.06-.49.13-.72.23-.11.04-.2.07-.23.08-.05.02-.08.02-.11.02-.09 0-.14-.06-.14-.2v-.33c0-.1.01-.18.05-.23.03-.05.09-.09.18-.12.24-.14.51-.24.84-.32a3.9 3.9 0 0 1 1.04-.13c.79 0 1.37.18 1.74.54.37.36.55.91.55 1.64v2.15h.02m-2.7 1.02c.22 0 .44-.04.68-.12.24-.08.45-.23.63-.43.11-.13.19-.27.25-.43 0-.16.05-.35.05-.58v-.27c-.2-.07-.4-.07-.62-.12a6.89 6.89 0 0 0-.62-.04c-.45 0-.77.09-.99.27-.22.18-.32.43-.32.76 0 .32.07.56.24.71.16.17.39.25.7.25m5.34.71a.58.58 0 0 1-.28-.06c-.03-.05-.08-.14-.12-.26L8.32 6.65c-.04-.15-.06-.22-.06-.27 0-.11.05-.17.16-.17h.65c.13 0 .22.02.26.07.06.04.1.13.14.26l1.11 4.4 1.04-4.4c.03-.13.07-.22.13-.26.05-.04.14-.07.25-.07h.55c.12 0 .21.02.26.07.05.04.1.13.13.26L14 11l1.14-4.46c.04-.13.09-.22.13-.26.06-.04.14-.07.26-.07h.62c.11 0 .17.06.17.17 0 .03-.01.07-.02.12 0 0-.02.08-.04.15l-1.61 5.14c-.04.14-.08.21-.15.26-.04.04-.13.07-.24.07h-.57c-.13 0-.19-.02-.27-.07a.45.45 0 0 1-.12-.26L12.27 7.5l-1.03 4.28c-.03.13-.07.22-.12.27a.49.49 0 0 1-.27.06h-.57m8.55.18c-.33 0-.7-.04-1.03-.12-.33-.08-.59-.17-.76-.26a.496.496 0 0 1-.21-.19.392.392 0 0 1-.04-.18v-.34c0-.14.05-.2.15-.2h.12c.04 0 .1.05.17.08.22.1.47.18.73.23.27.05.54.08.79.08.42 0 .75-.07.97-.22.23-.17.35-.36.35-.63 0-.19-.07-.34-.18-.47-.12-.12-.35-.24-.67-.34l-.97-.3c-.48-.16-.84-.38-1.06-.68a1.58 1.58 0 0 1-.33-.97c0-.28.06-.52.18-.73.12-.22.28-.4.46-.55.22-.15.44-.26.71-.34.26-.08.54-.12.84-.12.14 0 .29.01.45.03.14.02.28.05.42.07.14.04.26.07.38.11.12.04.2.08.28.12.09.05.16.1.2.16.04.06.06.13.06.22v.32c0 .14-.05.21-.15.21-.05 0-.14-.03-.26-.08-.37-.17-.8-.26-1.27-.26-.38 0-.66.06-.89.19-.2.12-.31.32-.31.59 0 .19.07.35.2.47.13.13.38.25.73.37l.95.3c.48.14.82.36 1.03.64.2.27.3.58.3.93 0 .28-.06.54-.17.77-.12.22-.28.42-.5.58-.19.17-.44.29-.72.38-.28.09-.62.13-.95.13m1.25 3.24C17.89 17.14 14.71 18 12 18c-3.85 0-7.3-1.42-9.91-3.77-.21-.19-.02-.44.23-.29 2.82 1.63 6.29 2.62 9.89 2.62 2.43 0 5.1-.5 7.55-1.56.37-.15.68.26.32.53M21 14.5c-.29-.37-1.86-.18-2.57-.1-.21.03-.24-.16-.05-.3 1.25-.87 3.31-.6 3.54-.33.24.3-.06 2.36-1.23 3.34-.19.15-.36.07-.28-.11.27-.68.86-2.16.59-2.5Z"/></svg></span> Amazon Elastic Container Registry</a></td>
+<td>run containers on AWS</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://cloud.google.com/container-registry"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M23 14.75C23 18.2 20.2 21 16.75 21h-9.5C3.8 21 1 18.2 1 14.75c0-2.14 1.08-4.03 2.71-5.15C4.58 5.82 7.96 3 12 3c4.04 0 7.42 2.82 8.29 6.6A6.22 6.22 0 0 1 23 14.75M16.63 17c1.31 0 2.37-1.06 2.37-2.37 0-1.28-1-2.33-2.28-2.38l.03-.5a4.754 4.754 0 0 0-8.32-3.14c1.5.29 2.8 1.11 3.71 2.25L9.5 13.5c-.42-.73-1.21-1.25-2.12-1.25-1.32 0-2.38 1.06-2.38 2.38 0 1.27 1 2.3 2.25 2.37h9.38Z"/></svg></span> Google Container Registry</a></td>
+<td>run containers on Google Cloud</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-registry/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.05 4.24 6.56 18.05 2 18l5.09-8.76 5.96-5m.7 1.09L22 19.76H6.74l9.3-1.66-4.87-5.79 2.58-6.98Z"/></svg></span> Azure Container Registry</a></td>
+<td>run containers on Azure</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/gpu-cloud/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.5 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04l-1.61-3.25a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.75-4.29c-.13 0-.25 0-.39.04l-1.63-3.25c.48-.45.77-1.08.77-1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-5 0c0 .71.29 1.34.76 1.79L8.64 9.54c-.14-.04-.26-.04-.39-.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.75 4.29l-1.61 3.25C4.76 17 4.63 17 4.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 19.5c0-.7-.29-1.34-.76-1.79l1.62-3.25c.14.04.26.04.39.04s.25 0 .39-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.77 1.09-.77 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04L10 13.79c.46-.45.75-1.08.75-1.79s-.29-1.34-.75-1.79l1.61-3.25c.13.04.26.04.39.04s.26 0 .39-.04L14 10.21c-.45.45-.75 1.09-.75 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5c.13 0 .25 0 .39-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.77 1.09-.77 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5Z"/></svg></span> NVIDIA GPU Cloud</a></td>
+<td>containers for GPU computing</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/packages/working-with-a-github-packages-registry/working-with-the-container-registry"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span> GitHub Container Registry</a></td>
+<td>managed containers on GitHub</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/packages/container_registry/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m21.94 13.11-1.05-3.22c0-.03-.01-.06-.02-.09l-2.11-6.48a.859.859 0 0 0-.8-.57c-.36 0-.68.25-.79.58l-2 6.17H8.84L6.83 3.33a.851.851 0 0 0-.79-.58c-.37 0-.69.25-.8.58L3.13 9.82v.01l-1.07 3.28c-.16.5.01 1.04.44 1.34l9.22 6.71c.17.12.39.12.56-.01l9.22-6.7c.43-.3.6-.84.44-1.34M8.15 10.45l2.57 7.91-6.17-7.91m8.73 7.92 2.47-7.59.1-.33h3.61l-5.59 7.16m4.1-13.67 1.81 5.56h-3.62m-1.3.95-1.79 5.51L12 19.24l-2.86-8.79M6.03 3.94 7.84 9.5H4.23m-1.18 4.19c-.09-.07-.13-.19-.09-.29l.79-2.43 5.82 7.45m11.38-4.73-6.51 4.73.02-.03 5.79-7.42.79 2.43c.04.1 0 .22-.09.29"/></svg></span> GitLab Container Registry</a></td>
+<td>managed containers on GitLab</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://cloud.redhat.com/products/quay"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.34 13.16c1.32 0 3.22-.27 3.22-1.84.01-.12 0-.24-.03-.36l-.78-3.4c-.18-.75-.34-1.09-1.66-1.75-1.02-.52-3.24-1.38-3.9-1.38-.61 0-.79.79-1.52.79-.7 0-1.22-.59-1.88-.59-.63 0-1.04.43-1.36 1.31 0 0-.88 2.5-1 2.86-.01.07-.02.13-.02.2 0 .97 3.82 4.15 8.93 4.15m3.43-1.19c.18.86.18.95.18 1.04 0 1.5-1.66 2.31-3.83 2.31-4.92 0-9.23-2.88-9.23-4.78 0-.27.06-.53.16-.77-1.77.08-4.05.4-4.05 2.42 0 3.32 7.84 7.39 14.05 7.39 4.76 0 5.95-2.15 5.95-3.85 0-1.34-1.15-2.86-3.23-3.76"/></svg></span> RedHat Quay.io</a></td>
+<td>containers managed by RedHat</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://biocontainers.pro/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 2h2v2c0 1.44.68 2.61 1.88 3.78.86.83 2.01 1.63 3.21 2.42l-1.83 1.19C8.27 10.72 7.31 10 6.5 9.21 5.07 7.82 4 6.1 4 4V2m14 0h2v2c0 2.1-1.07 3.82-2.5 5.21-1.41 1.38-3.21 2.52-4.96 3.63-1.75 1.12-3.45 2.21-4.66 3.38C6.68 17.39 6 18.56 6 20v2H4v-2c0-2.1 1.07-3.82 2.5-5.21 1.41-1.38 3.21-2.52 4.96-3.63 1.75-1.12 3.45-2.21 4.66-3.38C17.32 6.61 18 5.44 18 4V2m-3.26 10.61c.99.67 1.95 1.39 2.76 2.18C18.93 16.18 20 17.9 20 20v2h-2v-2c0-1.44-.68-2.61-1.88-3.78-.86-.83-2.01-1.63-3.21-2.42l1.83-1.19M7 3h10v1l-.06.5H7.06L7 4V3m.68 3h8.64c-.24.34-.52.69-.9 1.06l-.51.44H9.07l-.49-.44c-.38-.37-.66-.72-.9-1.06m1.41 10.5h5.84l.49.44c.38.37.66.72.9 1.06H7.68c.24-.34.52-.69.9-1.06l.51-.44m-2.03 3h9.88l.06.5v1H7v-1l.06-.5Z"/></svg></span> BioContainers Registry</a></td>
+<td>bioinformatics containers</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<h3 id="dockerhub"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> DockerHub<a class="headerlink" href="#dockerhub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Docker Hub is a service provided by Docker for finding and sharing container images with your team. Docker Hub is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers.</p>
+<div class="admonition info">
+<p class="admonition-title">Info</p>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Registry</strong>: a storage and distribution system for named Docker images</li>
+<li><strong>Repository</strong>: collection of "images" with individual "tags".</li>
+<li><strong>Teams &amp; Organizations:</strong> Manages access to private repositories.</li>
+<li><strong>Builds:</strong> Automatically build container images from GitHub or Bitbucket on the Docker Hub.</li>
+<li><strong>Webhooks:</strong> Trigger actions after a successful push to a repository to integrate Docker Hub with other services.</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<h3 id="biocontainers"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 2h2v2c0 1.44.68 2.61 1.88 3.78.86.83 2.01 1.63 3.21 2.42l-1.83 1.19C8.27 10.72 7.31 10 6.5 9.21 5.07 7.82 4 6.1 4 4V2m14 0h2v2c0 2.1-1.07 3.82-2.5 5.21-1.41 1.38-3.21 2.52-4.96 3.63-1.75 1.12-3.45 2.21-4.66 3.38C6.68 17.39 6 18.56 6 20v2H4v-2c0-2.1 1.07-3.82 2.5-5.21 1.41-1.38 3.21-2.52 4.96-3.63 1.75-1.12 3.45-2.21 4.66-3.38C17.32 6.61 18 5.44 18 4V2m-3.26 10.61c.99.67 1.95 1.39 2.76 2.18C18.93 16.18 20 17.9 20 20v2h-2v-2c0-1.44-.68-2.61-1.88-3.78-.86-.83-2.01-1.63-3.21-2.42l1.83-1.19M7 3h10v1l-.06.5H7.06L7 4V3m.68 3h8.64c-.24.34-.52.69-.9 1.06l-.51.44H9.07l-.49-.44c-.38-.37-.66-.72-.9-1.06m1.41 10.5h5.84l.49.44c.38.37.66.72.9 1.06H7.68c.24-.34.52-.69.9-1.06l.51-.44m-2.03 3h9.88l.06.5v1H7v-1l.06-.5Z"/></svg></span> BioContainers<a class="headerlink" href="#biocontainers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>BioContainers is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with <strong>special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics</strong>. BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker.</p>
+<p>Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io.</p>
+<h3 id="redhat-quayio"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.34 13.16c1.32 0 3.22-.27 3.22-1.84.01-.12 0-.24-.03-.36l-.78-3.4c-.18-.75-.34-1.09-1.66-1.75-1.02-.52-3.24-1.38-3.9-1.38-.61 0-.79.79-1.52.79-.7 0-1.22-.59-1.88-.59-.63 0-1.04.43-1.36 1.31 0 0-.88 2.5-1 2.86-.01.07-.02.13-.02.2 0 .97 3.82 4.15 8.93 4.15m3.43-1.19c.18.86.18.95.18 1.04 0 1.5-1.66 2.31-3.83 2.31-4.92 0-9.23-2.88-9.23-4.78 0-.27.06-.53.16-.77-1.77.08-4.05.4-4.05 2.42 0 3.32 7.84 7.39 14.05 7.39 4.76 0 5.95-2.15 5.95-3.85 0-1.34-1.15-2.86-3.23-3.76"/></svg></span> RedHat Quay.io<a class="headerlink" href="#redhat-quayio" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Quay is another general image registry. It works the same way as Docker Hub. However, Quay is home to all BioContainers made by the Bioconda project. Now we will find a BioContainer image at Quay, pull that image and run it on cloud virtual machine.</p>
+<h3 id="nvidia-gpu-cloud"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.5 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04l-1.61-3.25a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.75-4.29c-.13 0-.25 0-.39.04l-1.63-3.25c.48-.45.77-1.08.77-1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-5 0c0 .71.29 1.34.76 1.79L8.64 9.54c-.14-.04-.26-.04-.39-.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.75 4.29l-1.61 3.25C4.76 17 4.63 17 4.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 19.5c0-.7-.29-1.34-.76-1.79l1.62-3.25c.14.04.26.04.39.04s.25 0 .39-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.77 1.09-.77 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04L10 13.79c.46-.45.75-1.08.75-1.79s-.29-1.34-.75-1.79l1.61-3.25c.13.04.26.04.39.04s.26 0 .39-.04L14 10.21c-.45.45-.75 1.09-.75 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5c.13 0 .25 0 .39-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.77 1.09-.77 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5Z"/></svg></span> NVIDIA GPU Cloud<a class="headerlink" href="#nvidia-gpu-cloud" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>NVIDIA is one of the leading makers of graphic processing units (GPU). GPU were established as a means of handling graphics processing operations for video cards, but have been greatly expanded for use in generalized computing applications, Machine Learning, image processing, and matrix-based linear algebras.</p>
+<p>NVIDIA have created their own set of Docker containers and Registries for running on CPU-GPU enabled systems.</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker">NVIDIA-Docker</a> runs atop the NVIDIA graphics drivers on the host system, the NVIDIA drivers are imported to the container at runtime.</li>
+<li><a href="https://hub.docker.com/u/nvidia">NVIDIA Docker Hub</a> hosts numerous NVIDIA Docker containers, from which you can build your own images.</li>
+<li><a href="https://ngc.nvidia.com">NVIDIA GPU Cloud</a> hosts numerous containers for HPC and Cloud applications. You must register an account with them (free) to access these. </li>
+</ul>
+<p>NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts three <a href="https://docs.nvidia.com/ngc/ngc-user-guide/ngc-spaces.html#ngc-spaces" target="_blank">registry spaces</a></p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>nvcr.io/nvidia</code> - catalog of fully integrated and optimized deep learning framework containers.</li>
+<li><code>nvcr.io/nvidia-hpcvis</code> - catalog of HPC visualization containers (beta).</li>
+<li><code>nvcr.io/hpc</code> -  popular third-party GPU ready HPC application containers.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>NVIDIA Docker can be used as a base-image to create containers running graphical applications remotely. High resolution 3D screens are piped to a remote desktop platform.</p>
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diff --git a/docker/registry/registry.md b/docker/registry/registry.md
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/docker/registry/registry.md
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+
+There is a high likelihood that the Docker image you need already exists for the application you use in your research. 
+
+Rather than starting from scratch and creating your own *image* from a `Dockerfile`, you should first go searching for one that already exists. This will save you time writing and compiling your own image.
+
+First, you will need to know where to look for existing images. Docker images are hosted across the internet on libraries that are called **Registries**.
+
+!!! Info "Container Terminology"
+
+	- **:octicons-container-16: Container**: when an *image* is run it becomes the *container*; A container shares its kernel with other containers using the same image and each runs as an isolated process on the host. 
+    - **:material-archive: Registry**: an online library of container images
+    - **:octicons-file-badge-16: Name**: the name of the image
+	- **:material-tag: Tag**: identifies exact version of the image, following a `:` in the name. If no tag name is given, by default Docker will assign the ``latest`` tag name to an image.
+	- **:material-layers: Layer**: an intermediate image, the result of a single set of build commands. An image is built upon layers starting with a base operating system.
+	- **:material-file-edit: Dockerfile**: a text file that contains a list of commands that the Docker daemon calls while creating the layers of an image. 
+    - **:material-file: Image**: images are compressed files in a cache on a host and can be built locally or downloaded from a *registry*
+	- **:material-file-code: Base image**: has no parent layers, usually base images are a basic Linux operating system like `alpine`, `debian`, or `ubuntu`.
+	- **:material-file-tree: Child image**: any image built from a base image that has added layers.
+ 	- **:material-file-check: Official images**: verified (:material-shield-check:) images hosted on a public container registry. Safe to use, built by the professionals who know them best.
+    - **:material-file-star: Publisher image**: certified images that also include support and guarantee compatibility.
+	- **:material-file-question: User image**: images created and shared by users like you. Their contents may be a mystery and therefore are not to be trusted. 
+
+---
+
+## Docker Registries
+
+Docker uses the concept of **Registries**, online libraries where container **images** are cached for public utilization.
+
+??? Question "What *EXACTLY* is a Container Registry?"
+
+    A Registry is a storage and distribution system for named Docker images
+            
+    Organized by owners into **repositories** with compiled **images** that users can download and run 
+            
+Things you can do with registries:
+
+- Search for public images;
+- Pull official images;
+- Host and share private images;
+- Push your images.
+
+You must have an account on each registry in order to create repositories and to host your own images.
+
+- You can create multiple repositories; 
+- You can create multiple tagged images in a repository;
+- You can set up your own private registry using a *Docker Trusted Registry*.
+
+---
+
+## Search Image Registries
+
+!!! Warning 
+
+    Only use images from trusted sources or images for which you can see the `Dockerfile`. Any image from an untrusted source could contain something other than what's indicated. If you can see the Dockerfile you can see exactly what is in the image.
+
+Docker looks into the [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) public registry by default. 
+
+Examples of public/private registries to consider for your research needs:
+
+| Registry Name | Container Types |
+|---------------|-----------------|
+| [:material-docker: Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) | Official Images for Docker |
+| [:material-aws: Amazon Elastic Container Registry](https://aws.amazon.com/ecr/) | run containers on AWS |
+| [:material-google-cloud: Google Container Registry](https://cloud.google.com/container-registry) | run containers on Google Cloud | 
+| [:material-microsoft-azure: Azure Container Registry](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/container-registry/) | run containers on Azure |
+| [:material-graph: NVIDIA GPU Cloud](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/gpu-cloud/) | containers for GPU computing |
+| [:material-github: GitHub Container Registry](https://docs.github.com/en/packages/working-with-a-github-packages-registry/working-with-the-container-registry) | managed containers on GitHub |
+| [:material-gitlab: GitLab Container Registry](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/packages/container_registry/) | managed containers on GitLab | 
+| [:material-redhat: RedHat Quay.io](https://cloud.redhat.com/products/quay) | containers managed by RedHat |
+| [:material-dna: BioContainers Registry](https://biocontainers.pro/) | bioinformatics containers
+
+### :material-docker: DockerHub
+
+Docker Hub is a service provided by Docker for finding and sharing container images with your team. Docker Hub is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers.
+
+!!! Info
+
+	- **Registry**: a storage and distribution system for named Docker images
+	- **Repository**: collection of "images" with individual "tags".
+   	- **Teams & Organizations:** Manages access to private repositories.
+	- **Builds:** Automatically build container images from GitHub or Bitbucket on the Docker Hub.
+    - **Webhooks:** Trigger actions after a successful push to a repository to integrate Docker Hub with other services.
+
+### :material-dna: BioContainers
+
+BioContainers is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with **special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics**. BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker.
+
+Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io.
+
+### :material-redhat: RedHat Quay.io 
+
+Quay is another general image registry. It works the same way as Docker Hub. However, Quay is home to all BioContainers made by the Bioconda project. Now we will find a BioContainer image at Quay, pull that image and run it on cloud virtual machine.
+
+### :material-graph: NVIDIA GPU Cloud
+
+NVIDIA is one of the leading makers of graphic processing units (GPU). GPU were established as a means of handling graphics processing operations for video cards, but have been greatly expanded for use in generalized computing applications, Machine Learning, image processing, and matrix-based linear algebras.
+
+NVIDIA have created their own set of Docker containers and Registries for running on CPU-GPU enabled systems.
+
+- [NVIDIA-Docker](https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker) runs atop the NVIDIA graphics drivers on the host system, the NVIDIA drivers are imported to the container at runtime.
+- [NVIDIA Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/u/nvidia) hosts numerous NVIDIA Docker containers, from which you can build your own images.
+- [NVIDIA GPU Cloud](https://ngc.nvidia.com) hosts numerous containers for HPC and Cloud applications. You must register an account with them (free) to access these. 
+
+NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts three [registry spaces](https://docs.nvidia.com/ngc/ngc-user-guide/ngc-spaces.html#ngc-spaces){target=_blank}
+
+  - `nvcr.io/nvidia` - catalog of fully integrated and optimized deep learning framework containers.
+  - `nvcr.io/nvidia-hpcvis` - catalog of HPC visualization containers (beta).
+  - `nvcr.io/hpc` -  popular third-party GPU ready HPC application containers.
+
+NVIDIA Docker can be used as a base-image to create containers running graphical applications remotely. High resolution 3D screens are piped to a remote desktop platform.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/getting_started/code_conduct/code_conduct.md b/getting_started/code_conduct/code_conduct.md
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+++ b/getting_started/code_conduct/code_conduct.md
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# :material-scale-balance: Code of Conduct
+
+All attendees, speakers, staff and volunteers at Container Camp are required to follow our code of conduct. 
+
+CyVerse expects and appreciates cooperation from all participants to help ensure a safe, collaborative environment for everyone. Harrassment by any individual will not be tolerated and may result in the individual being removed from the Camp.
+
+Harassment includes: offensive verbal comments related to gender, gender identity and expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, religion, technology choices, sexual images in public spaces, deliberate intimidation, stalking, following, harassing photography or recording, sustained disruption of talks or other events, inappropriate physical contact, and unwelcome sexual attention.
+
+Participants who are asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately.
+
+Workshop staff are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, staff should not use sexualised images, activities, or other material. 
+
+If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the workshop organisers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the workshop with no refund.
+
+If you are being harassed, or notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of the workshop staff immediately. Staff can be identified as they'll be wearing badges or nametags.
+
+Workshop staff will be happy to help participants contact local law enforcement, provide escorts, or otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the duration of the workshop. We value your attendance.
+
+We expect participants to follow these rules at conference and workshop venues and conference-related social events.
+
+See http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq for more information on codes of conduct.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/getting_started/code_conduct/index.html b/getting_started/code_conduct/index.html
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+        Introduction to Kubernetes
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
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+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/getting_started/code_conduct.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
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+
+<h1 id="code-of-conduct"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 3c-1.27 0-2.4.8-2.82 2H3v2h1.95L2 14c-.47 2 1 3 3.5 3s4.06-1 3.5-3L6.05 7h3.12c.33.85.98 1.5 1.83 1.83V20H2v2h20v-2h-9V8.82c.85-.32 1.5-.97 1.82-1.82h3.13L15 14c-.47 2 1 3 3.5 3s4.06-1 3.5-3l-2.95-7H21V5h-6.17C14.4 3.8 13.27 3 12 3m0 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m-6.5 5.25L7 14H4l1.5-3.75m13 0L20 14h-3l1.5-3.75Z"/></svg></span> Code of Conduct<a class="headerlink" href="#code-of-conduct" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p>All attendees, speakers, staff and volunteers at Container Camp are required to follow our code of conduct. </p>
+<p>CyVerse expects and appreciates cooperation from all participants to help ensure a safe, collaborative environment for everyone. Harrassment by any individual will not be tolerated and may result in the individual being removed from the Camp.</p>
+<p>Harassment includes: offensive verbal comments related to gender, gender identity and expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, religion, technology choices, sexual images in public spaces, deliberate intimidation, stalking, following, harassing photography or recording, sustained disruption of talks or other events, inappropriate physical contact, and unwelcome sexual attention.</p>
+<p>Participants who are asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately.</p>
+<p>Workshop staff are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, staff should not use sexualised images, activities, or other material. </p>
+<p>If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the workshop organisers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the workshop with no refund.</p>
+<p>If you are being harassed, or notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of the workshop staff immediately. Staff can be identified as they'll be wearing badges or nametags.</p>
+<p>Workshop staff will be happy to help participants contact local law enforcement, provide escorts, or otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the duration of the workshop. We value your attendance.</p>
+<p>We expect participants to follow these rules at conference and workshop venues and conference-related social events.</p>
+<p>See <a href="http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq">http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq</a> for more information on codes of conduct.</p>
+
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+      2023-07-28
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+      <a href="../setup/" class="md-nav__link">
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+        Introduction to Docker
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
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+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
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+        GitHub Actions and Docker
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+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
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+      </nav>
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+        
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+              
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+          
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+              
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
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+    </li>
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        Amazon Web Services
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+          Useful Resources
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+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
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+        Camp Discussion and Notes
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+                  </div>
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+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
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+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
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+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#location" class="md-nav__link">
+     Location
+  </a>
+  
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#transportation" class="md-nav__link">
+     Transportation
+  </a>
+  
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+      
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+  <a href="#hotels" class="md-nav__link">
+     Hotels
+  </a>
+  
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+      
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+  <a href="#meals" class="md-nav__link">
+     Meals
+  </a>
+  
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#emergency-medicine" class="md-nav__link">
+     Emergency Medicine
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
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+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
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+<h1 id="logistics"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 4v8.5l3-3L9 13c1 1 1 2 1 2v6h4v-7s0-1-.53-2S12 10 12 10L9 6.58 11.5 4M18 4l-4.46 4.47L14 9s.93 1 1.47 2c.21.4.33.79.4 1.13L21 7"/></svg></span> Logistics<a class="headerlink" href="#logistics" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="location"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 13.5a2.5 2.5 0 1 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.071 3.429C15.166-.476 8.834-.476 4.93 3.429c-3.905 3.905-3.905 10.237 0 14.142l.028.028 5.375 5.375a2.359 2.359 0 0 0 3.336 0l5.403-5.403c3.905-3.905 3.905-10.237 0-14.142zM5.99 4.489A8.5 8.5 0 0 1 18.01 16.51l-5.403 5.404a.859.859 0 0 1-1.214 0l-5.378-5.378-.002-.002-.023-.024a8.5 8.5 0 0 1 0-12.02z"/></svg></span> Location<a class="headerlink" href="#location" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Basics Camp will be held virtually, a Zoom URL will be sent to registered participants.</p>
+<p>Advanced Camp will be hosted in the Health Sciences Innovation Building (HSIB) on the University of Arizona Campus:</p>
+<iframe src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d3374.711519066356!2d-110.94944564904455!3d32.238933218439946!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x86d671a7b5176c53%3A0x67880bc15138eb29!2sHealth%20Sciences%20Innovation%20Building%20(HSIB)!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sus!4v1650459271292!5m2!1sen!2sus" width="600" height="450" style="border:0;" allowfullscreen="" loading="lazy" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"></iframe>
+
+<p>Room # 444</p>
+<h2 id="transportation"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 7v9c0 .71-.38 1.36-1 1.72v1.53c0 .41-.34.75-.75.75h-.5c-.41 0-.75-.34-.75-.75V18h-7v1.25c0 .41-.34.75-.75.75h-.5c-.41 0-.75-.34-.75-.75v-1.53c-.61-.36-1-1.01-1-1.72V7c0-3 3-3 6.5-3S22 4 22 7m-9 8c0-.55-.45-1-1-1s-1 .45-1 1 .45 1 1 1 1-.45 1-1m7 0c0-.55-.45-1-1-1s-1 .45-1 1 .45 1 1 1 1-.45 1-1m0-8h-9v4h9V7M7 9.5C6.97 8.12 5.83 7 4.45 7.05A2.501 2.501 0 0 0 2 9.6 2.51 2.51 0 0 0 4 12v8h1v-8c1.18-.24 2-1.29 2-2.5Z"/></svg></span> Transportation<a class="headerlink" href="#transportation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="http://uarrive.arizona.edu/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.2 11H10V7h3.2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 0 0 1-2 2M13 3H6v18h4v-6h3a6 6 0 0 0 6-6c0-3.32-2.69-6-6-6Z"/></svg></span> Visitor Parking Interactive Map</a> -- Parking is available around campus in designated lots: <a href="https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/" target="_blank">https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/</a>  </p>
+<p><a href="https://parking.arizona.edu/cattran/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 640 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M64 104v88h96V96H72c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8zm482 88-80.9-96H384v96h162zm-226 0V96h-96v96h96zm272 192h-16c0 53-43 96-96 96s-96-43-96-96H256c0 53-43 96-96 96s-96-43-96-96H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V104c0-39.8 32.2-72 72-72h393.1c18.9 0 36.8 8.3 49 22.8L625 186.5c9.7 11.5 15 26.1 15 41.2V336c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48zm-64 0c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48s-48 21.5-48 48 21.5 48 48 48 48-21.5 48-48zm-368 48c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48s-21.5-48-48-48-48 21.5-48 48 21.5 48 48 48z"/></svg></span> Cat Tran Shuttle</a> service drops off near the HSIB.</p>
+<p><a href="https://www.suntran.com/routes-services/sunlink/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1 5 4l2.5 2H5S2 6 2 9v10h5s0-2 2-2h13v-3h-4V8h4V6H10.5L13 4 9 1M4 8h5v6H4V8m7 0h5v6h-5V8m-7 8h1v2H4v-2m5 3v.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5c1 0 1.89-.59 2.29-1.5h1.42c.4.91 1.29 1.5 2.29 1.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5V19H9Z"/></svg></span> Sun Link StreetCar</a> service drops off near HSIB and goes through Downtown. </p>
+<p><a href="https://www.flytucson.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.56 3.91c.59.59.59 1.54 0 2.12l-3.89 3.89 2.12 9.19-1.41 1.42-3.88-7.43L9.6 17l.36 2.47-1.07 1.06-1.76-3.18-3.19-1.77L5 14.5l2.5.37L11.37 11 3.94 7.09l1.42-1.41 9.19 2.12 3.89-3.89c.56-.58 1.56-.58 2.12 0Z"/></svg></span> Tucson International Airport</a> is located eight miles south of campus and downtown. Local ride-sharing services and public transit are available between campus and local hotels.</p>
+<h2 id="hotels"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M32 0C14.3 0 0 14.3 0 32s14.3 32 32 32v384c-17.7 0-32 14.3-32 32s14.3 32 32 32h176v-64h96v64h176c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32s-14.3-32-32-32V64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32S497.7 0 480 0H32zm80 96h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm112 16c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32zm144-16h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zM96 208c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32zm144-16h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16zm112 16c0-8.8 7.2-16 16-16h32c8.8 0 16 7.2 16 16v32c0 8.8-7.2 16-16 16h-32c-8.8 0-16-7.2-16-16v-32zm-3 152.2c3.3 12.8-7.8 23.8-21 23.8H184c-13.3 0-24.3-10.9-21-23.8 10.6-41.5 48.2-72.2 93-72.2s82.5 30.7 93 72.2z"/></svg></span> Hotels<a class="headerlink" href="#hotels" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Campus hotels with transportation:</p>
+<p><a href="https://goo.gl/maps/tLHphSENWzLSYewi8" target="_blank">Aloft Tucson University</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://goo.gl/maps/Ea8rYGz76ZDp3puc6" target="_blank">The Graduate Tucson</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://goo.gl/maps/vLPQXt1nMUucudpy8" target="_blank">Tucson Marriot University Park</a></p>
+<h2 id="meals"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.06 23h1.66c.84 0 1.53-.65 1.63-1.47L23 5.05h-5V1h-1.97v4.05h-4.97l.3 2.34c1.71.47 3.31 1.32 4.27 2.26 1.44 1.42 2.43 2.89 2.43 5.29V23M1 22v-1h15.03v1c0 .54-.45 1-1.03 1H2c-.55 0-1-.46-1-1m15.03-7C16.03 7 1 7 1 15h15.03M1 17h15v2H1v-2Z"/></svg></span> Meals<a class="headerlink" href="#meals" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Tucson is a <a href="https://tucson.cityofgastronomy.org/about" target="_blank">UNESCO World City of Gastronomy</a>. There is no shortage of amazing local restaurants to explore near the University. </p>
+<p>Advanced Container Campers will be able to access local food trucks and cafes in the immediate vicinity of the workshop classroom.</p>
+<p>Coffee, water, and snacks will be provided. </p>
+<h2 id="emergency-medicine"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 14h-4v4h-4v-4H6v-4h4V6h4v4h4"/></svg></span> Emergency Medicine<a class="headerlink" href="#emergency-medicine" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>HSIB is adjacent the <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/keGVhKWCeTT2AYq98" target="_blank">Banner University Medical Center</a>. In the event of a medical emergency, attendees may be transported to Banner, or to the <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/sBQjW4pNKJUstRnHA" target="_blank">nearest urgent care facility</a>.</p>
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+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/getting_started/logistics/logistics.md b/getting_started/logistics/logistics.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1d7fdbdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/logistics/logistics.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# :material-directions-fork: Logistics
+
+## :octicons-location-24: Location
+
+Basics Camp will be held virtually, a Zoom URL will be sent to registered participants.
+
+Advanced Camp will be hosted in the Health Sciences Innovation Building (HSIB) on the University of Arizona Campus:
+
+<iframe src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d3374.711519066356!2d-110.94944564904455!3d32.238933218439946!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x86d671a7b5176c53%3A0x67880bc15138eb29!2sHealth%20Sciences%20Innovation%20Building%20(HSIB)!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sus!4v1650459271292!5m2!1sen!2sus" width="600" height="450" style="border:0;" allowfullscreen="" loading="lazy" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"></iframe>
+
+Room # 444
+
+## :material-bus-stop: Transportation
+
+[:material-parking: Visitor Parking Interactive Map](http://uarrive.arizona.edu/){target=_blank} -- Parking is available around campus in designated lots: [https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/](https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/){target=_blank}  
+
+[:fontawesome-solid-van-shuttle: Cat Tran Shuttle](https://parking.arizona.edu/cattran/){target=_blank} service drops off near the HSIB.
+
+[:material-tram-side: Sun Link StreetCar](https://www.suntran.com/routes-services/sunlink/) service drops off near HSIB and goes through Downtown. 
+
+[:material-airplane: Tucson International Airport](https://www.flytucson.com/){target=_blank} is located eight miles south of campus and downtown. Local ride-sharing services and public transit are available between campus and local hotels.
+
+## :fontawesome-solid-hotel: Hotels
+
+Campus hotels with transportation:
+
+[Aloft Tucson University](https://goo.gl/maps/tLHphSENWzLSYewi8){target=_blank}
+
+[The Graduate Tucson](https://goo.gl/maps/Ea8rYGz76ZDp3puc6){target=_blank}
+
+[Tucson Marriot University Park](https://goo.gl/maps/vLPQXt1nMUucudpy8){target=_blank}
+
+## :material-food: Meals
+
+Tucson is a [UNESCO World City of Gastronomy](https://tucson.cityofgastronomy.org/about){target=_blank}. There is no shortage of amazing local restaurants to explore near the University. 
+
+Advanced Container Campers will be able to access local food trucks and cafes in the immediate vicinity of the workshop classroom.
+
+Coffee, water, and snacks will be provided. 
+
+## :material-hospital: Emergency Medicine
+
+HSIB is adjacent the [Banner University Medical Center](https://goo.gl/maps/keGVhKWCeTT2AYq98){target=_blank}. In the event of a medical emergency, attendees may be transported to Banner, or to the [nearest urgent care facility](https://goo.gl/maps/sBQjW4pNKJUstRnHA){target=_blank}.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/getting_started/schedule/index.html b/getting_started/schedule/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9a2c64a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/schedule/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1647 @@
+
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Schedule
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-1-container-orchestration" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 1 - Container Orchestration
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-2-infrastructure-as-code" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-3-cacao" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 3 - CACAO
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_2" type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-1-container-orchestration" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 1 - Container Orchestration
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-2-infrastructure-as-code" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-3-cacao" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 3 - CACAO
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/getting_started/schedule.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="schedule"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 19H5V8h14m-3-7v2H8V1H6v2H5c-1.11 0-2 .89-2 2v14a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h14a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V5a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1V1m-1 11h-5v5h5v-5Z"/></svg></span> Schedule<a class="headerlink" href="#schedule" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="day-1-container-orchestration">Day 1 - Container Orchestration<a class="headerlink" href="#day-1-container-orchestration" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition abstract">
+<p class="admonition-title">Content</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Introduction to Kubernetes</li>
+<li>K8s CLI</li>
+<li>Deploying K8s clusters</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Learning Objectives</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Comfort working in the terminal with a remote K8s cluster</li>
+<li>Understanding of K8s as it is used to manage containers</li>
+<li>Start your own Zero2JupyterHub</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition example">
+<p class="admonition-title">Agenda</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (<a href="https://time.is/PDT" target="_blank">PDT</a>)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Outcome</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Overview of Website</td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td><a href="../code_conduct/">Code of Conduct</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:10</td>
+<td>What is Kubernetes?</td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td>overview of K8s ecosystem</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:30</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/k8s/#introduction-to-k8s-cli-with-kubectl"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m10.204 14.35.007.01-.999 2.413a5.171 5.171 0 0 1-2.075-2.597l2.578-.437.004.005a.44.44 0 0 1 .484.606zm-.833-2.129a.44.44 0 0 0 .173-.756l.002-.011L7.585 9.7a5.143 5.143 0 0 0-.73 3.255l2.514-.725.002-.009zm1.145-1.98a.44.44 0 0 0 .699-.337l.01-.005.15-2.62a5.144 5.144 0 0 0-3.01 1.442l2.147 1.523.004-.002zm.76 2.75.723.349.722-.347.18-.78-.5-.623h-.804l-.5.623.179.779zm1.5-3.095a.44.44 0 0 0 .7.336l.008.003 2.134-1.513a5.188 5.188 0 0 0-2.992-1.442l.148 2.615.002.001zm10.876 5.97-5.773 7.181a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.248.594l-9.261.003a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.247-.596l-5.776-7.18a1.583 1.583 0 0 1-.307-1.34L2.1 5.573c.108-.47.425-.864.863-1.073L11.305.513a1.606 1.606 0 0 1 1.385 0l8.345 3.985c.438.209.755.604.863 1.073l2.062 8.955c.108.47-.005.963-.308 1.34zm-3.289-2.057c-.042-.01-.103-.026-.145-.034-.174-.033-.315-.025-.479-.038-.35-.037-.638-.067-.895-.148-.105-.04-.18-.165-.216-.216l-.201-.059a6.45 6.45 0 0 0-.105-2.332 6.465 6.465 0 0 0-.936-2.163c.052-.047.15-.133.177-.159.008-.09.001-.183.094-.282.197-.185.444-.338.743-.522.142-.084.273-.137.415-.242.032-.024.076-.062.11-.089.24-.191.295-.52.123-.736-.172-.216-.506-.236-.745-.045-.034.027-.08.062-.111.088-.134.116-.217.23-.33.35-.246.25-.45.458-.673.609-.097.056-.239.037-.303.033l-.19.135a6.545 6.545 0 0 0-4.146-2.003l-.012-.223c-.065-.062-.143-.115-.163-.25-.022-.268.015-.557.057-.905.023-.163.061-.298.068-.475.001-.04-.001-.099-.001-.142 0-.306-.224-.555-.5-.555-.275 0-.499.249-.499.555l.001.014c0 .041-.002.092 0 .128.006.177.044.312.067.475.042.348.078.637.056.906a.545.545 0 0 1-.162.258l-.012.211a6.424 6.424 0 0 0-4.166 2.003 8.373 8.373 0 0 1-.18-.128c-.09.012-.18.04-.297-.029-.223-.15-.427-.358-.673-.608-.113-.12-.195-.234-.329-.349a2.691 2.691 0 0 0-.111-.088.594.594 0 0 0-.348-.132.481.481 0 0 0-.398.176c-.172.216-.117.546.123.737l.007.005.104.083c.142.105.272.159.414.242.299.185.546.338.743.522.076.082.09.226.1.288l.16.143a6.462 6.462 0 0 0-1.02 4.506l-.208.06c-.055.072-.133.184-.215.217-.257.081-.546.11-.895.147-.164.014-.305.006-.48.039-.037.007-.09.02-.133.03l-.004.002-.007.002c-.295.071-.484.342-.423.608.061.267.349.429.645.365l.007-.001.01-.003.129-.029c.17-.046.294-.113.448-.172.33-.118.604-.217.87-.256.112-.009.23.069.288.101l.217-.037a6.5 6.5 0 0 0 2.88 3.596l-.09.218c.033.084.069.199.044.282-.097.252-.263.517-.452.813-.091.136-.185.242-.268.399-.02.037-.045.095-.064.134-.128.275-.034.591.213.71.248.12.556-.007.69-.282v-.002c.02-.039.046-.09.062-.127.07-.162.094-.301.144-.458.132-.332.205-.68.387-.897.05-.06.13-.082.215-.105l.113-.205a6.453 6.453 0 0 0 4.609.012l.106.192c.086.028.18.042.256.155.136.232.229.507.342.84.05.156.074.295.145.457.016.037.043.09.062.129.133.276.442.402.69.282.247-.118.341-.435.213-.71-.02-.039-.045-.096-.065-.134-.083-.156-.177-.261-.268-.398-.19-.296-.346-.541-.443-.793-.04-.13.007-.21.038-.294-.018-.022-.059-.144-.083-.202a6.499 6.499 0 0 0 2.88-3.622c.064.01.176.03.213.038.075-.05.144-.114.28-.104.266.039.54.138.87.256.154.06.277.128.448.173.036.01.088.019.13.028l.009.003.007.001c.297.064.584-.098.645-.365.06-.266-.128-.537-.423-.608zM16.4 9.701l-1.95 1.746v.005a.44.44 0 0 0 .173.757l.003.01 2.526.728a5.199 5.199 0 0 0-.108-1.674A5.208 5.208 0 0 0 16.4 9.7zm-4.013 5.325a.437.437 0 0 0-.404-.232.44.44 0 0 0-.372.233h-.002l-1.268 2.292a5.164 5.164 0 0 0 3.326.003l-1.27-2.296h-.01zm1.888-1.293a.44.44 0 0 0-.27.036.44.44 0 0 0-.214.572l-.003.004 1.01 2.438a5.15 5.15 0 0 0 2.081-2.615l-2.6-.44-.004.005z"/></svg></span> K8s CLI</a></td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td>Basic command line use of K8s</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/k8s/#introduction-to-k8s-cli-with-kubectl"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m10.204 14.35.007.01-.999 2.413a5.171 5.171 0 0 1-2.075-2.597l2.578-.437.004.005a.44.44 0 0 1 .484.606zm-.833-2.129a.44.44 0 0 0 .173-.756l.002-.011L7.585 9.7a5.143 5.143 0 0 0-.73 3.255l2.514-.725.002-.009zm1.145-1.98a.44.44 0 0 0 .699-.337l.01-.005.15-2.62a5.144 5.144 0 0 0-3.01 1.442l2.147 1.523.004-.002zm.76 2.75.723.349.722-.347.18-.78-.5-.623h-.804l-.5.623.179.779zm1.5-3.095a.44.44 0 0 0 .7.336l.008.003 2.134-1.513a5.188 5.188 0 0 0-2.992-1.442l.148 2.615.002.001zm10.876 5.97-5.773 7.181a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.248.594l-9.261.003a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.247-.596l-5.776-7.18a1.583 1.583 0 0 1-.307-1.34L2.1 5.573c.108-.47.425-.864.863-1.073L11.305.513a1.606 1.606 0 0 1 1.385 0l8.345 3.985c.438.209.755.604.863 1.073l2.062 8.955c.108.47-.005.963-.308 1.34zm-3.289-2.057c-.042-.01-.103-.026-.145-.034-.174-.033-.315-.025-.479-.038-.35-.037-.638-.067-.895-.148-.105-.04-.18-.165-.216-.216l-.201-.059a6.45 6.45 0 0 0-.105-2.332 6.465 6.465 0 0 0-.936-2.163c.052-.047.15-.133.177-.159.008-.09.001-.183.094-.282.197-.185.444-.338.743-.522.142-.084.273-.137.415-.242.032-.024.076-.062.11-.089.24-.191.295-.52.123-.736-.172-.216-.506-.236-.745-.045-.034.027-.08.062-.111.088-.134.116-.217.23-.33.35-.246.25-.45.458-.673.609-.097.056-.239.037-.303.033l-.19.135a6.545 6.545 0 0 0-4.146-2.003l-.012-.223c-.065-.062-.143-.115-.163-.25-.022-.268.015-.557.057-.905.023-.163.061-.298.068-.475.001-.04-.001-.099-.001-.142 0-.306-.224-.555-.5-.555-.275 0-.499.249-.499.555l.001.014c0 .041-.002.092 0 .128.006.177.044.312.067.475.042.348.078.637.056.906a.545.545 0 0 1-.162.258l-.012.211a6.424 6.424 0 0 0-4.166 2.003 8.373 8.373 0 0 1-.18-.128c-.09.012-.18.04-.297-.029-.223-.15-.427-.358-.673-.608-.113-.12-.195-.234-.329-.349a2.691 2.691 0 0 0-.111-.088.594.594 0 0 0-.348-.132.481.481 0 0 0-.398.176c-.172.216-.117.546.123.737l.007.005.104.083c.142.105.272.159.414.242.299.185.546.338.743.522.076.082.09.226.1.288l.16.143a6.462 6.462 0 0 0-1.02 4.506l-.208.06c-.055.072-.133.184-.215.217-.257.081-.546.11-.895.147-.164.014-.305.006-.48.039-.037.007-.09.02-.133.03l-.004.002-.007.002c-.295.071-.484.342-.423.608.061.267.349.429.645.365l.007-.001.01-.003.129-.029c.17-.046.294-.113.448-.172.33-.118.604-.217.87-.256.112-.009.23.069.288.101l.217-.037a6.5 6.5 0 0 0 2.88 3.596l-.09.218c.033.084.069.199.044.282-.097.252-.263.517-.452.813-.091.136-.185.242-.268.399-.02.037-.045.095-.064.134-.128.275-.034.591.213.71.248.12.556-.007.69-.282v-.002c.02-.039.046-.09.062-.127.07-.162.094-.301.144-.458.132-.332.205-.68.387-.897.05-.06.13-.082.215-.105l.113-.205a6.453 6.453 0 0 0 4.609.012l.106.192c.086.028.18.042.256.155.136.232.229.507.342.84.05.156.074.295.145.457.016.037.043.09.062.129.133.276.442.402.69.282.247-.118.341-.435.213-.71-.02-.039-.045-.096-.065-.134-.083-.156-.177-.261-.268-.398-.19-.296-.346-.541-.443-.793-.04-.13.007-.21.038-.294-.018-.022-.059-.144-.083-.202a6.499 6.499 0 0 0 2.88-3.622c.064.01.176.03.213.038.075-.05.144-.114.28-.104.266.039.54.138.87.256.154.06.277.128.448.173.036.01.088.019.13.028l.009.003.007.001c.297.064.584-.098.645-.365.06-.266-.128-.537-.423-.608zM16.4 9.701l-1.95 1.746v.005a.44.44 0 0 0 .173.757l.003.01 2.526.728a5.199 5.199 0 0 0-.108-1.674A5.208 5.208 0 0 0 16.4 9.7zm-4.013 5.325a.437.437 0 0 0-.404-.232.44.44 0 0 0-.372.233h-.002l-1.268 2.292a5.164 5.164 0 0 0 3.326.003l-1.27-2.296h-.01zm1.888-1.293a.44.44 0 0 0-.27.036.44.44 0 0 0-.214.572l-.003.004 1.01 2.438a5.15 5.15 0 0 0 2.081-2.615l-2.6-.44-.004.005z"/></svg></span> K8s CLI cont.</a></td>
+<td>Carlos &amp; Tyson</td>
+<td>Connecting to a K8s cluster</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Deploying K8s clusters</a></td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td>Jero2JupyterHub</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m10.204 14.35.007.01-.999 2.413a5.171 5.171 0 0 1-2.075-2.597l2.578-.437.004.005a.44.44 0 0 1 .484.606zm-.833-2.129a.44.44 0 0 0 .173-.756l.002-.011L7.585 9.7a5.143 5.143 0 0 0-.73 3.255l2.514-.725.002-.009zm1.145-1.98a.44.44 0 0 0 .699-.337l.01-.005.15-2.62a5.144 5.144 0 0 0-3.01 1.442l2.147 1.523.004-.002zm.76 2.75.723.349.722-.347.18-.78-.5-.623h-.804l-.5.623.179.779zm1.5-3.095a.44.44 0 0 0 .7.336l.008.003 2.134-1.513a5.188 5.188 0 0 0-2.992-1.442l.148 2.615.002.001zm10.876 5.97-5.773 7.181a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.248.594l-9.261.003a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-1.247-.596l-5.776-7.18a1.583 1.583 0 0 1-.307-1.34L2.1 5.573c.108-.47.425-.864.863-1.073L11.305.513a1.606 1.606 0 0 1 1.385 0l8.345 3.985c.438.209.755.604.863 1.073l2.062 8.955c.108.47-.005.963-.308 1.34zm-3.289-2.057c-.042-.01-.103-.026-.145-.034-.174-.033-.315-.025-.479-.038-.35-.037-.638-.067-.895-.148-.105-.04-.18-.165-.216-.216l-.201-.059a6.45 6.45 0 0 0-.105-2.332 6.465 6.465 0 0 0-.936-2.163c.052-.047.15-.133.177-.159.008-.09.001-.183.094-.282.197-.185.444-.338.743-.522.142-.084.273-.137.415-.242.032-.024.076-.062.11-.089.24-.191.295-.52.123-.736-.172-.216-.506-.236-.745-.045-.034.027-.08.062-.111.088-.134.116-.217.23-.33.35-.246.25-.45.458-.673.609-.097.056-.239.037-.303.033l-.19.135a6.545 6.545 0 0 0-4.146-2.003l-.012-.223c-.065-.062-.143-.115-.163-.25-.022-.268.015-.557.057-.905.023-.163.061-.298.068-.475.001-.04-.001-.099-.001-.142 0-.306-.224-.555-.5-.555-.275 0-.499.249-.499.555l.001.014c0 .041-.002.092 0 .128.006.177.044.312.067.475.042.348.078.637.056.906a.545.545 0 0 1-.162.258l-.012.211a6.424 6.424 0 0 0-4.166 2.003 8.373 8.373 0 0 1-.18-.128c-.09.012-.18.04-.297-.029-.223-.15-.427-.358-.673-.608-.113-.12-.195-.234-.329-.349a2.691 2.691 0 0 0-.111-.088.594.594 0 0 0-.348-.132.481.481 0 0 0-.398.176c-.172.216-.117.546.123.737l.007.005.104.083c.142.105.272.159.414.242.299.185.546.338.743.522.076.082.09.226.1.288l.16.143a6.462 6.462 0 0 0-1.02 4.506l-.208.06c-.055.072-.133.184-.215.217-.257.081-.546.11-.895.147-.164.014-.305.006-.48.039-.037.007-.09.02-.133.03l-.004.002-.007.002c-.295.071-.484.342-.423.608.061.267.349.429.645.365l.007-.001.01-.003.129-.029c.17-.046.294-.113.448-.172.33-.118.604-.217.87-.256.112-.009.23.069.288.101l.217-.037a6.5 6.5 0 0 0 2.88 3.596l-.09.218c.033.084.069.199.044.282-.097.252-.263.517-.452.813-.091.136-.185.242-.268.399-.02.037-.045.095-.064.134-.128.275-.034.591.213.71.248.12.556-.007.69-.282v-.002c.02-.039.046-.09.062-.127.07-.162.094-.301.144-.458.132-.332.205-.68.387-.897.05-.06.13-.082.215-.105l.113-.205a6.453 6.453 0 0 0 4.609.012l.106.192c.086.028.18.042.256.155.136.232.229.507.342.84.05.156.074.295.145.457.016.037.043.09.062.129.133.276.442.402.69.282.247-.118.341-.435.213-.71-.02-.039-.045-.096-.065-.134-.083-.156-.177-.261-.268-.398-.19-.296-.346-.541-.443-.793-.04-.13.007-.21.038-.294-.018-.022-.059-.144-.083-.202a6.499 6.499 0 0 0 2.88-3.622c.064.01.176.03.213.038.075-.05.144-.114.28-.104.266.039.54.138.87.256.154.06.277.128.448.173.036.01.088.019.13.028l.009.003.007.001c.297.064.584-.098.645-.365.06-.266-.128-.537-.423-.608zM16.4 9.701l-1.95 1.746v.005a.44.44 0 0 0 .173.757l.003.01 2.526.728a5.199 5.199 0 0 0-.108-1.674A5.208 5.208 0 0 0 16.4 9.7zm-4.013 5.325a.437.437 0 0 0-.404-.232.44.44 0 0 0-.372.233h-.002l-1.268 2.292a5.164 5.164 0 0 0 3.326.003l-1.27-2.296h-.01zm1.888-1.293a.44.44 0 0 0-.27.036.44.44 0 0 0-.214.572l-.003.004 1.01 2.438a5.15 5.15 0 0 0 2.081-2.615l-2.6-.44-.004.005z"/></svg></span> Managing K8s clusters</a></td>
+<td>Michele &amp; Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude for the day</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td>push changes to GitHub</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+<details class="alert">
+<summary>Homework</summary>
+<ul>
+<li>Consider what type of hardware &amp; container orchestration you're most interested in and come ready with your own ideas for deploying something with Terraform on Day 2.</li>
+</ul>
+</details>
+<h2 id="day-2-infrastructure-as-code">Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code<a class="headerlink" href="#day-2-infrastructure-as-code" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition abstract">
+<p class="admonition-title">Content</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Use Terraform to provision hardware and deploy applications &amp; containers</li>
+<li>Build Terraform templates</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Learning Objectives</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Understanding of what IaC is and how it fits along with the orchestration of containers and cloud</li>
+<li>Ability to launch your own cloud instances on at least one cloud platform (OpenStack)</li>
+<li>Ability to provision your instances with Terraform and access them</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition example">
+<p class="admonition-title">Agenda</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (<a href="https://time.is/PDT" target="_blank">PDT</a>)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Outcome</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome back</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Discuss previous day, answer questions</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:20</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/terra/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> What is Terraform</a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/terra/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform CLI</a></td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/advterra/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Writing Terraform Templates</a></td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/advterra/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Provisioning a K3s Cluster with Terraform</a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+<h2 id="day-3-cacao">Day 3 - CACAO<a class="headerlink" href="#day-3-cacao" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="admonition abstract">
+<p class="admonition-title">Content<ul>
+<li>Introduction to CyVerse CACAO</li>
+<li>Writing advanced Terraform templates for CACAO</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Learning Objectives<ul>
+<li>Being able to execute containers on the HPC</li>
+<li>Create a small Kubernetes cluster</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="admonition example">
+<p class="admonition-title">Agenda</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (<a href="https://time.is/PDT" target="_blank">PDT</a>)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Outcome</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome back</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Discuss previous day, answer questions</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:20</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/cacao/">Introduction to CACAO</a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:30</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/cacao/">Using the CACAO UI</a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/">Overview of CACAO templates</a></td>
+<td>Edwin</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/">Creating a CACAO template</a></td>
+<td>Edwin</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td>Show and Tell - present your use cases</td>
+<td>everyone</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</div>
+
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diff --git a/getting_started/schedule/schedule.md b/getting_started/schedule/schedule.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9a26f3bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/schedule/schedule.md
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# :material-calendar: Schedule
+
+## Day 1 - Container Orchestration
+
+!!! abstract "Content"
+
+    * Introduction to Kubernetes
+    * K8s CLI
+    * Deploying K8s clusters
+
+!!! success "Learning Objectives"
+
+    * Comfort working in the terminal with a remote K8s cluster
+    * Understanding of K8s as it is used to manage containers
+    * Start your own Zero2JupyterHub
+
+!!! Example "Agenda"
+
+    | Time ([PDT](https://time.is/PDT){target=_blank}) | Activity | Instructor | Outcome | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome | All |
+    | 09:05 | Overview of Website | Michele | [Code of Conduct](../getting_started/code_conduct.md) |
+    | 09:10 | What is Kubernetes? | Carlos | overview of K8s ecosystem |
+    | 09:30 | [:simple-kubernetes: K8s CLI](../orchestration/k8s.md#introduction-to-k8s-cli-with-kubectl) | Carlos | Basic command line use of K8s |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [:simple-kubernetes: K8s CLI cont.](../orchestration/k8s.md#introduction-to-k8s-cli-with-kubectl) | Carlos & Tyson | Connecting to a K8s cluster | 
+    | 10:55 | Break | |
+    | 11:00 | [:material-docker: Deploying K8s clusters](../orchestration/advk8s.md) | Michele | Jero2JupyterHub | 
+    | 11:55 | Break | | |
+    | 12:00 | [:simple-kubernetes: Managing K8s clusters](../orchestration/advk8s.md)  | Michele & Tyson | | 
+    | 12:55 | Conclude for the day | All | push changes to GitHub |
+
+??? alert "Homework"
+
+    * Consider what type of hardware & container orchestration you're most interested in and come ready with your own ideas for deploying something with Terraform on Day 2.
+
+## Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code 
+
+!!! abstract "Content"
+
+    * Use Terraform to provision hardware and deploy applications & containers
+    * Build Terraform templates
+
+!!! success "Learning Objectives"
+
+    * Understanding of what IaC is and how it fits along with the orchestration of containers and cloud
+    * Ability to launch your own cloud instances on at least one cloud platform (OpenStack)
+    * Ability to provision your instances with Terraform and access them
+
+!!! Example "Agenda"
+
+    | Time ([PDT](https://time.is/PDT){target=_blank}) | Activity | Instructor | Outcome | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome back | All | |
+    | 09:05 | Discuss previous day, answer questions | | |
+    | 09:20 | [:simple-terraform: What is Terraform](../orchestration/terra.md ) | Tyson | |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [:simple-terraform: Terraform CLI](../orchestration/terra.md )  | Carlos | |
+    | 10:55 | Break | |
+    | 11:00 | [:simple-terraform: Writing Terraform Templates](../orchestration/advterra.md ) | Michele | | 
+    | 11:55 | Break | | |
+    | 12:00 | [:simple-terraform: Provisioning a K3s Cluster with Terraform](../orchestration/advterra.md) | Tyson | | 
+    | 12:55 | Conclude | | |
+
+## Day 3 - CACAO
+
+!!! abstract "Content"
+
+        - Introduction to CyVerse CACAO
+        - Writing advanced Terraform templates for CACAO
+
+!!! success "Learning Objectives"
+
+        - Being able to execute containers on the HPC
+        - Create a small Kubernetes cluster
+
+!!! example "Agenda"
+
+    | Time ([PDT](https://time.is/PDT){target=_blank}) | Activity | Instructor | Outcome | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome back | All | |
+    | 09:05 | Discuss previous day, answer questions | | |
+    | 09:20 | [Introduction to CACAO](../orchestration/cacao.md) | Tyson |
+    | 09:30 | [Using the CACAO UI](../orchestration/cacao.md) | Tyson |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [Overview of CACAO templates](../orchestration/cacao_terra.md)| Edwin |
+    | 10:55 | Break ||
+    | 11:00 |  [Creating a CACAO template](../orchestration/cacao_terra.md) | Edwin |
+    | 11:55 | Break ||
+    | 12:00 | Show and Tell - present your use cases | everyone |
+    | 12:55 | Conclude | |
+
+
diff --git a/getting_started/schedule_basics/index.html b/getting_started/schedule_basics/index.html
new file mode 100644
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
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+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
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+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
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+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
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+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
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+          
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+              
+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
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+  
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
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+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
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+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      </a>
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+        OpenStack
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
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+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
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+        Azure
+      </a>
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+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-1-introduction-to-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 1 - Introduction to Docker
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-2-building-docker-containers" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 2 - Building Docker Containers
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#day-3-singularity-orchestration-and-containers-on-the-hpc" class="md-nav__link">
+    Day 3 - Singularity, Orchestration, and Containers on the HPC
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/getting_started/schedule_basics.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Schedule basics</h1>
+
+<h2 id="day-1-introduction-to-docker">Day 1 - Introduction to Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#day-1-introduction-to-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="note">
+<summary>Content</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Introduction to Docker and its uses in reproducible science 
+- Launching development environments on CodeSpaces for container testing
+- Using Docker on the commandline.
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Goals</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Introduction to containers &amp; [where to find them](../docker/registry.md)
+- Command line containers with CodeSpaces (optional: run locally)
+- Find and use official Docker images
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="example" open="open">
+<summary>Activities</summary>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (MST/AZ)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Outcome</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Overview of Website</td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td><a href="../code_conduct/">Code of Conduct</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:10</td>
+<td>Why use Containers?</td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td>What containers are used for in science</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:25</td>
+<td><a href="../../cloud/codespaces/">Start CodeSpace <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 16.47V7.39l-6 4.54M2.22 9.19a.858.858 0 0 1-.02-1.15l1.2-1.11c.2-.18.69-.26 1.05 0l3.42 2.61 7.93-7.25c.32-.32.87-.45 1.5-.12l4 1.91c.36.21.7.54.7 1.15v13.5c0 .4-.29.83-.6 1l-4.4 2.1c-.32.13-.92.01-1.13-.2l-8.02-7.3-3.4 2.6c-.38.26-.85.19-1.05 0l-1.2-1.1c-.32-.33-.28-.87.05-1.2l3-2.7"/></svg></span> <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td>Using Dev Environments to create containers</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:30</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/intro/#fundamental-docker-commands"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Commands and Execution</a></td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td>Basic command line use of Docker</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/intro/#fundamental-docker-commands"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Commands and Execution</a></td>
+<td>Carlos &amp; Tyson</td>
+<td>Basic command line use of Docker</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/intro/#managing-data-in-docker"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Managing Docker and Data</a></td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td>Volumes and Interactive Use inside containers</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/intro/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Managing Docker and Data</a></td>
+<td>Michele &amp; Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude for the day</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td>push changes to your GitHub</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</details>
+<details class="warning">
+<summary>Optional Homework</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Test other Docker container images on CodeSpaces or locally
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h2 id="day-2-building-docker-containers">Day 2 - Building Docker Containers<a class="headerlink" href="#day-2-building-docker-containers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="note">
+<summary>Content</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Use GitHub to browse for public Dockerfiles
+- Build Dockerfiles and push them to public registry
+- Use Version Control to set up automated container builds with GitHub Actions
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Goals</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Introduction to what Dockerfiles are and what you use them for
+- Start thinking about how to modify them for your own applications
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="example" open="open">
+<summary>Activities</summary>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (MST/AZ)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Notes</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome back</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Discuss previous day, answer questions</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:15</td>
+<td><a href="../../cloud/codespaces/">(re)start Dev Environment <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 16.47V7.39l-6 4.54M2.22 9.19a.858.858 0 0 1-.02-1.15l1.2-1.11c.2-.18.69-.26 1.05 0l3.42 2.61 7.93-7.25c.32-.32.87-.45 1.5-.12l4 1.91c.36.21.7.54.7 1.15v13.5c0 .4-.29.83-.6 1l-4.4 2.1c-.32.13-.92.01-1.13-.2l-8.02-7.3-3.4 2.6c-.38.26-.85.19-1.05 0l-1.2-1.1c-.32-.33-.28-.87.05-1.2l3-2.7"/></svg></span> <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:20</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/registry/">Finding the right container <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/build/">Building Docker Images <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td>Carlos</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="../../docker/compose/">Using Docker Compose <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td>Michele</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td><a href="https://learning.cyverse.org/de/create_apps/" target="_blank">Integrating your Containers into CyVerse</a></td>
+<td>Tyson</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</details>
+<h2 id="day-3-singularity-orchestration-and-containers-on-the-hpc">Day 3 - Singularity, Orchestration, and Containers on the HPC<a class="headerlink" href="#day-3-singularity-orchestration-and-containers-on-the-hpc" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="note">
+<summary>Content</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Introduction to Singularity
+- Introduction to Kubernetes
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Goals</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>- Being able to execute containers on the HPC
+- Create a small Kubernetes cluster
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="example" open="open">
+<summary>Activities</summary>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Time (MST/AZ)</th>
+<th>Activity</th>
+<th>Instructor</th>
+<th>Notes</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>09:00</td>
+<td>Welcome back</td>
+<td>All</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:05</td>
+<td>Discuss previous day, answer questions</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:15</td>
+<td><a href="../../cloud/codespaces/">(re(re))start Dev Environment <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 16.47V7.39l-6 4.54M2.22 9.19a.858.858 0 0 1-.02-1.15l1.2-1.11c.2-.18.69-.26 1.05 0l3.42 2.61 7.93-7.25c.32-.32.87-.45 1.5-.12l4 1.91c.36.21.7.54.7 1.15v13.5c0 .4-.29.83-.6 1l-4.4 2.1c-.32.13-.92.01-1.13-.2l-8.02-7.3-3.4 2.6c-.38.26-.85.19-1.05 0l-1.2-1.1c-.32-.33-.28-.87.05-1.2l3-2.7"/></svg></span> <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2A10 10 0 0 0 2 12c0 4.42 2.87 8.17 6.84 9.5.5.08.66-.23.66-.5v-1.69c-2.77.6-3.36-1.34-3.36-1.34-.46-1.16-1.11-1.47-1.11-1.47-.91-.62.07-.6.07-.6 1 .07 1.53 1.03 1.53 1.03.87 1.52 2.34 1.07 2.91.83.09-.65.35-1.09.63-1.34-2.22-.25-4.55-1.11-4.55-4.92 0-1.11.38-2 1.03-2.71-.1-.25-.45-1.29.1-2.64 0 0 .84-.27 2.75 1.02.79-.22 1.65-.33 2.5-.33.85 0 1.71.11 2.5.33 1.91-1.29 2.75-1.02 2.75-1.02.55 1.35.2 2.39.1 2.64.65.71 1.03 1.6 1.03 2.71 0 3.82-2.34 4.66-4.57 4.91.36.31.69.92.69 1.85V21c0 .27.16.59.67.5C19.14 20.16 22 16.42 22 12A10 10 0 0 0 12 2Z"/></svg></span></a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:20</td>
+<td><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#build-singularity-sif-images">Introduction to Singularity</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:30</td>
+<td><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#singularityce-installation">Obtaining Singularity</a> and <a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#singularity-cli">the Singularity CLI</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>09:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:00</td>
+<td><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow">Singularity Commands &amp; Interacting with Singularity Images</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>10:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:00</td>
+<td><a href="hhttps://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/advanced/#singularity-cli-continued">Singularity Images Continued</a>*</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>11:55</td>
+<td>Break</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:00</td>
+<td><a href="https://learning.cyverse.org/de/create_apps/" target="_blank">Integrating your Containers into CyVerse</a>, questions, inquiries</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>12:55</td>
+<td>Conclude**</td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<ul>
+<li>If we still have time, we will also discuss using <a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/hpc/#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow">Singularity on the HPC</a>.
+** For additional questions and inquiries, we will make time for one-on-ones on either Thursday or Friday (flexible schedule).</li>
+</ul>
+</details>
+
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diff --git a/getting_started/schedule_basics/schedule_basics.md b/getting_started/schedule_basics/schedule_basics.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ecc4e806
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/schedule_basics/schedule_basics.md
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+
+## Day 1 - Introduction to Docker
+
+??? Note "Content"
+
+        - Introduction to Docker and its uses in reproducible science 
+        - Launching development environments on CodeSpaces for container testing
+        - Using Docker on the commandline.
+
+??? Success "Goals"
+
+        - Introduction to containers & [where to find them](../docker/registry.md)
+        - Command line containers with CodeSpaces (optional: run locally)
+        - Find and use official Docker images
+
+???+ Example "Activities"
+
+    | Time (MST/AZ)| Activity | Instructor | Outcome | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome | All |
+    | 09:05 | Overview of Website | Michele | [Code of Conduct](../getting_started/code_conduct.md) |
+    | 09:10 | Why use Containers? | Carlos | What containers are used for in science |
+    | 09:25 | [Start CodeSpace :material-microsoft-visual-studio-code: :material-github:](../cloud/codespaces.md) | Tyson | Using Dev Environments to create containers|
+    | 09:30 | [:material-docker: Docker Commands and Execution](../docker/intro.md#fundamental-docker-commands) | Carlos | Basic command line use of Docker |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [:material-docker: Docker Commands and Execution](../docker/intro.md#fundamental-docker-commands) | Carlos & Tyson | Basic command line use of Docker | 
+    | 10:55 | Break | |
+    | 11:00 | [:material-docker: Managing Docker and Data](../docker/intro.md#managing-data-in-docker) | Michele | Volumes and Interactive Use inside containers | 
+    | 11:55 | Break | | |
+    | 12:00 | [:material-docker: Managing Docker and Data](../docker/intro.md)  | Michele & Tyson | | 
+    | 12:55 | Conclude for the day | All | push changes to your GitHub |
+
+??? Warning "Optional Homework"
+
+        - Test other Docker container images on CodeSpaces or locally
+
+## Day 2 - Building Docker Containers
+
+??? Note "Content"
+
+        - Use GitHub to browse for public Dockerfiles
+        - Build Dockerfiles and push them to public registry
+        - Use Version Control to set up automated container builds with GitHub Actions
+
+??? Success "Goals"
+
+        - Introduction to what Dockerfiles are and what you use them for
+        - Start thinking about how to modify them for your own applications
+
+???+ Example "Activities"
+
+    | Time (MST/AZ)| Activity | Instructor | Notes | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome back | All | |
+    | 09:05 | Discuss previous day, answer questions | | |
+    | 09:15 | [(re)start Dev Environment :material-microsoft-visual-studio-code: :material-github:](../cloud/codespaces.md) | Tyson | |
+    | 09:20 | [Finding the right container :material-docker:](../docker/registry.md ) | Tyson | |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [Building Docker Images :material-docker:](../docker/build.md )  | Carlos | |
+    | 10:55 | Break | |
+    | 11:00 | [Using Docker Compose :material-docker:](../docker/compose.md ) | Michele | | 
+    | 11:55 | Break | | |
+    | 12:00 | [Integrating your Containers into CyVerse](https://learning.cyverse.org/de/create_apps/){target=_blank} | Tyson | | 
+    | 12:55 | Conclude | | |
+
+## Day 3 - Singularity, Orchestration, and Containers on the HPC
+
+??? Note "Content"
+
+        - Introduction to Singularity
+        - Introduction to Kubernetes
+
+??? Success "Goals"
+
+        - Being able to execute containers on the HPC
+        - Create a small Kubernetes cluster
+
+???+ Example "Activities"
+
+    | Time (MST/AZ)| Activity | Instructor | Notes | 
+    |-----------|----------|------------|-------|
+    | 09:00 | Welcome back | All | |
+    | 09:05 | Discuss previous day, answer questions | | |
+    | 09:15 | [(re(re))start Dev Environment :material-microsoft-visual-studio-code: :material-github:](../cloud/codespaces.md) |  | |
+    | 09:20 | [Introduction to Singularity](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#build-singularity-sif-images) | |
+    | 09:30 | [Obtaining Singularity](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#singularityce-installation) and [the Singularity CLI](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#singularity-cli) | |
+    | 09:55 | Break | |
+    | 10:00 | [Singularity Commands & Interacting with Singularity Images](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow) | |
+    | 10:55 | Break ||
+    | 11:00 | [Singularity Images Continued](hhttps://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/advanced/#singularity-cli-continued)* | |
+    | 11:55 | Break ||
+    | 12:00 | [Integrating your Containers into CyVerse](https://learning.cyverse.org/de/create_apps/){target=_blank}, questions, inquiries | |
+    | 12:55 | Conclude** | |
+
+    * If we still have time, we will also discuss using [Singularity on the HPC](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/hpc/#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow).
+    ** For additional questions and inquiries, we will make time for one-on-ones on either Thursday or Friday (flexible schedule).
diff --git a/getting_started/setup/index.html b/getting_started/setup/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cad49bd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/setup/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1332 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
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+        Introduction to Singularity
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+  </a>
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+
+  <h1>Pre-Camp Setup</h1>
+
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+<p>Before attending Container Camp (Basics) please do the following:</p>
+<p><a href="https://github.com" target="_blank">Create a GitHub Account</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://hub.docker.com" target="_blank">Create a Docker Hub Account</a></p>
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+  
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+      
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+</footer>
+      
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+    
+    
+      <script src="../../assets/javascripts/bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js"></script>
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+        <script src="../../javascripts/intercom-learning.js"></script>
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+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/getting_started/setup/setup.md b/getting_started/setup/setup.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1dbe03e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/getting_started/setup/setup.md
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+## :material-clipboard-check-multiple: Prerequisites
+
+Before attending Container Camp (Basics) please do the following:
+
+[Create a GitHub Account](https://github.com){target=_blank}
+
+[Create a Docker Hub Account](https://hub.docker.com){target=_blank}
+
+**Optional**
+
+[Create a CyVerse Account](https://user.cyverse.org){target=_blank}
+
+Before attending Cloud Native Camp please do the following:
+
+:fontawesome-regular-hand-point-up: **(all of the above)**
+
+[Create an ACCESS-CI profile](https://access-ci.org/){target=_blank}
+
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a0b8bfe3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1380 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
+      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+      
+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
+      
+      
+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
+      
+        <link rel="canonical" href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/">
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+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
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+      
+        <title>Home - Cloud Native Camp</title>
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+      <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css">
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+      
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+      <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/_mkdocstrings.css">
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+    
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+        <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M439.55 236.05 244 40.45a28.87 28.87 0 0 0-40.81 0l-40.66 40.63 51.52 51.52c27.06-9.14 52.68 16.77 43.39 43.68l49.66 49.66c34.23-11.8 61.18 31 35.47 56.69-26.49 26.49-70.21-2.87-56-37.34L240.22 199v121.85c25.3 12.54 22.26 41.85 9.08 55a34.34 34.34 0 0 1-48.55 0c-17.57-17.6-11.07-46.91 11.25-56v-123c-20.8-8.51-24.6-30.74-18.64-45L142.57 101 8.45 235.14a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0 40.81l195.61 195.6a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 40.8 0l194.69-194.69a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0-40.81z"/></svg>
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+      <a href="docker/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
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+      <a href="getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
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+          Docker
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+        Introduction to Docker
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+        Finding the right container
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+        Advanced use of Docker
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+      <a href="docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
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+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      
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+        </label>
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+          
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+              
+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
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+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+          Orchestration
+        </label>
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
+            
+              
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+      </nav>
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+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
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+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#go-to-8172023-workshop-agenda" class="md-nav__link">
+     Go to 8/17/2023 Workshop Agenda
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#basic-container-camp" class="md-nav__link">
+    Basic Container Camp
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Basic Container Camp">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-containers-for-scientific-research" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Containers for Scientific Research
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#containers-on-high-performance-and-high-throughput-computing" class="md-nav__link">
+    Containers on High Performance and High Throughput Computing
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cloud-native-camp" class="md-nav__link">
+    Cloud Native Camp
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Native Camp">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#orchestration" class="md-nav__link">
+    Orchestration
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#infrastructure-as-code" class="md-nav__link">
+    Infrastructure as Code
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
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+  
+</li>
+      
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+  
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+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/index.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
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+<p><a href="https://learning.cyverse.org" target="_blank"><img alt="CyVerse Learning Center" src="assets/de/logos/cyverse_logo_2022.png" title="CyVerse Learning Center" width="400" /></a></p>
+<h1 id="welcome-to-cyverse-container-cloud-native-camp-documentation">Welcome to CyVerse Container &amp; Cloud Native Camp Documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#welcome-to-cyverse-container-cloud-native-camp-documentation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p><img alt="banner" src="assets/cc_banner_01.png" /></p>
+<h2 id="go-to-8172023-workshop-agenda"><a href="getting_started/schedule/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M16.5 5.5a2 2 0 0 0 2-2 2 2 0 0 0-2-2 2 2 0 0 0-2 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2m-3.6 13.9 1-4.4 2.1 2v6h2v-7.5l-2.1-2 .6-3A7.298 7.298 0 0 0 22 13v-2c-1.76.03-3.4-.89-4.3-2.4l-1-1.6c-.36-.6-1-1-1.7-1-.3 0-.5.1-.8.1L9 8.3V13h2V9.6l1.8-.7-1.6 8.1-4.9-1-.4 2 7 1.4M4 9a1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3v2H4m1-4a1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5v2H5m-2 8a1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1h4v2H3Z"/></svg></span> Go to 8/17/2023 Workshop Agenda</a><a class="headerlink" href="#go-to-8172023-workshop-agenda" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Welcome to our documentation on containers and orchestration in academic research and education.</p>
+<h2 id="basic-container-camp">Basic Container Camp<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-container-camp" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="docker-containers-for-scientific-research">Docker Containers for Scientific Research<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-containers-for-scientific-research" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="docker/intro/">Introduction to Docker</a></li>
+<li><a href="docker/registry/">Finding the Right Container</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="containers-on-high-performance-and-high-throughput-computing">Containers on High Performance and High Throughput Computing<a class="headerlink" href="#containers-on-high-performance-and-high-throughput-computing" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="singularity/intro/">Basics of SingularityCE</a></li>
+<li><a href="singularity/advanced/">Using SingularityCE on HPC and HTC</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h2 id="cloud-native-camp">Cloud Native Camp<a class="headerlink" href="#cloud-native-camp" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="orchestration">Orchestration<a class="headerlink" href="#orchestration" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/k8s/">Container Orchestration with Kubernetes</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="infrastructure-as-code">Infrastructure as Code<a class="headerlink" href="#infrastructure-as-code" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/terra/">Infrastructure as Code with Hashicorp Terraform</a></li>
+<li><a href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/cacao/">CyVerse's Cloud Automation &amp; Continuous Analysis Orchestration (CACAO)</a></li>
+</ul>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Learning Objectives<p>After completing these two paired workshops, you should be able to:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Explain why containers and orchestration are used in research computing</li>
+<li>Create your own containers and deploy your own orchestrated frameworks</li>
+<li>Understand how and when to use containers and IaC in your daily work</li>
+</ul>
+<p>You will also leave with</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Understanding of how to use the most powerful public research computing infrastructure in the world via <a href="https://access-ci.org">ACCESS-CI</a>.</li>
+<li>
+<p>The ability to launch and manage distributed resources using IaC templates on commercial (AWS, GCloud, Azure) or public research (OpenStack) clouds.</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>Insight into commercial cloud services, their costs, and how to best utilize them for scientific research.</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+</div>
+<hr />
+<p><strong>Funding and Citations:</strong></p>
+<p>CyVerse is generously funded by the National Science Foundation <a href="https://nsf.gov" target="_blank"><img alt="NSF" src="assets/nsf.png" width="25" /></a>. </p>
+<p>Here are our award numbers:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0735191"><img alt="NSF-0735191" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-0735191-blue.svg" /></a></li>
+<li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265383"><img alt="NSF-1265383" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-1265383-blue.svg" /></a></li>
+<li><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1743442"><img alt="NSF-1743442" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-1743442-blue.svg" /></a></li>
+</ul>
+<p>For any utilization of our resources, please adhere to the <a href="https://cyverse.org/policies/cite-cyverse">CyVerse citation policy</a>.</p>
+
+  <hr>
+<div class="md-source-file">
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+      Last update:
+      2023-07-28
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diff --git a/index.md b/index.md
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+[![CyVerse Learning Center](assets/de/logos/cyverse_logo_2022.png "CyVerse Learning Center"){width="400"}](https://learning.cyverse.org){target=_blank}
+
+# Welcome to CyVerse Container & Cloud Native Camp Documentation 
+
+![banner](assets/cc_banner_01.png)
+
+## [:material-run-fast: Go to 8/17/2023 Workshop Agenda](getting_started/schedule.md)
+
+Welcome to our documentation on containers and orchestration in academic research and education.
+
+## Basic Container Camp
+
+### Docker Containers for Scientific Research
+- [Introduction to Docker](docker/intro.md)
+- [Finding the Right Container](docker/registry.md)
+
+### Containers on High Performance and High Throughput Computing
+- [Basics of SingularityCE](singularity/intro.md)
+- [Using SingularityCE on HPC and HTC](singularity/advanced.md)
+
+## Cloud Native Camp
+
+### Orchestration
+- [Container Orchestration with Kubernetes](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/k8s/)
+
+### Infrastructure as Code
+- [Infrastructure as Code with Hashicorp Terraform](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/terra/)
+- [CyVerse's Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration (CACAO)](https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/cacao/)
+
+
+!!! Success "Learning Objectives"
+
+        After completing these two paired workshops, you should be able to:
+        
+        * Explain why containers and orchestration are used in research computing
+        * Create your own containers and deploy your own orchestrated frameworks
+        * Understand how and when to use containers and IaC in your daily work
+
+        You will also leave with
+
+        - Understanding of how to use the most powerful public research computing infrastructure in the world via [ACCESS-CI](https://access-ci.org).
+        - The ability to launch and manage distributed resources using IaC templates on commercial (AWS, GCloud, Azure) or public research (OpenStack) clouds.
+
+        - Insight into commercial cloud services, their costs, and how to best utilize them for scientific research.
+
+---
+
+**Funding and Citations:**
+
+CyVerse is generously funded by the National Science Foundation [![NSF](assets/nsf.png){width="25"}](https://nsf.gov){target=_blank}. 
+
+Here are our award numbers:
+
+- [![NSF-0735191](https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-0735191-blue.svg)](https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0735191)
+- [![NSF-1265383](https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-1265383-blue.svg)](https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265383)
+- [![NSF-1743442](https://img.shields.io/badge/NSF-1743442-blue.svg)](https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1743442)
+
+For any utilization of our resources, please adhere to the [CyVerse citation policy](https://cyverse.org/policies/cite-cyverse).
diff --git a/javascripts/intercom-learning.js b/javascripts/intercom-learning.js
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+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**BioContainers**
+=================================
+
+`BioContainers <https://biocontainers.pro/#/>`_ is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with **special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics**. BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker.
+
+
+|biocontainerlogo|
+
+**BioContainers Goals**:
+
+- Provide a base specification and images to easily build and deploy new bioinformatics/proteomics software including the source and examples.
+
+- Provide a series of containers ready to be used by the bioinformatics community (https://github.com/BioContainers/containers).
+
+- Define a set of guidelines and specifications to build a standardized container that can be used in combination with other containers and bioinformatics tools.
+
+- Define a complete infrastructure to develop, deploy and test new bioinformatics containers using continuous integration suites such as Travis Continuous Integration (https://travisci. org/), Shippable (https://app.shippable.com/) or manually built solutions.
+
+- Provide support and help to the bioinformatics community to deploy new containers for researchers that do not have bioinformatics support.
+
+- Provide guidelines and help on how to create reproducible pipelines by defining, reusing and reporting specific container versions which will consistently produce the exact same result and always be available in the history of the container.
+
+- Coordinate and integrate developers and bioinformaticians to produce best practice of documentation and software development.
+
+**Introduction to Bioconda**
+----------------------------
+|biocondalogo|
+
+`Bioconda <https://bioconda.github.io/>`_ is a channel for the conda package manager specializing in bioinformatics software. It consists of:
+
+- A repository of recipes hosted on `GitHub <https://github.com/bioconda/bioconda-recipes/tree/master/recipes>`_
+- A build system that turns these recipes into conda packages
+- A repository of > 6000 bioinformatics packages ready to use with a simple conda install command
+- **Each package added to Bioconda also has a corresponding Docker BioContainer automatically created and uploaded to Quay.io**
+- Over 600 contributors that add, modify, update and maintain the recipes
+
+.. Note::
+
+	**Recipe vs package**
+	A **recipe** is a directory containing a small set of files that defines name, version, dependencies, and URL for source code. A recipe
+	typically contains a meta.yaml file that defines these settings and a build.sh script that builds the software. A recipe is
+	converted into a package by running "conda-build" on the recipe.
+	A **package** is a bgzipped tar file (.tar.bz2) that contains the built software. Packages are uploaded to anaconda.org so that users can install them with "conda install" command.
+
+You can `contribute <https://bioconda.github.io/contributing.html>`_ to the Bioconda project by building your own packages. Each package will also be made available as a BioContainer at `Quay.io <https://quay.io/organization/biocontainers>`_.
+
+.. _getbiocontainer:
+
+**Glossary**
+------------
+- **Image:** self-contained, read-only ‘snapshot’ of your applications and packages, with all their dependencies
+- **Container:** a running instance of your image
+- **Image registry:** a storage and content delivery system, holding named images, available in different tagged versions
+- **Docker:** a program that runs and handles life-cycle of containers and images
+- **CyVerse tool:** Software program that is integrated into the back end of the DE for use in DE apps
+- **CyVerse app:** graphic interface of a tool made available for use in the DE
+
+Where to Get a BioContainer
+---------------------------
+
+Images are made publicly available through image registries. There are several different image registries that provide access to BioContainers. The three major registries are detailed here.
+
+The BioContainers Registry
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+`BioContainers Registry <https://biocontainers.pro/#/registry>`_ UI provides the interface to search, tag, and document BioContainers across all the registries. Which means that if a BioContainer exists you can find it here.
+
+To find the tool you want to use just search for it by name in the search box at the top of the registry page. The BioContainers registry returns partial matches and matches to the tool description. So, if you want to find all the tools relevant to Nanopore analysis you can search for 'nanopore'.
+
+|biocontainersregistry|
+
+If the tool you are looking for is already available as a BioContainer click on that tile in the search results. This will display all the available BioContainers and Conda packages for this tool (ie. different versions of the tool). Choose the version of the tool you want to use (when in doubt, choose the most recent version). Select the icon at the right to copy the 'docker pull' command for that version.
+
+
+|registrytags|
+
+.. Note:: You want the docker images, not the Conda packages. Conda packages are not containers.
+
+.. Note:: If your tool is not already available as a BioContainer (ie. your search returned nothing) proceed to the `How to Request a BioContainer`_ or `How to Build a BioContainer`_ section below.
+
+
+
+
+Quay
+^^^^
+`Quay <https://quay.io/>`_ is another image registry. Unlike the BioContainers Registry, Quay.io is not specific to BioContainers. Anyone (including you) can create an account at Quay.io and host your own images but **an account is not necessary to use BioContainers (or other publicly available images)**.
+
+Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io. From the Quay.io page search for the tool you want by name.
+
+.. Note:: The Quay.io search will only find those tools with an exact match of the name (unlike the BioContainers Registry).
+
+.. Important:: Other users may also have images available that contain your tool. Be sure to choose the image that is part of the 'biocontainers' organization. BioContainers is a trusted source and you know what you're getting.
+
+
+
+|quayio|
+
+.. Note:: If your search yields no results then double-check by searching the BioContainers Registry (just to be sure). If your tool isn't available as a BioContainer then proceed to the `How to request a BioContainer`_ or `How to build a BioContainer`_ section below.
+
+From the repo page, choose the 'tags' tab on the left side of the screen and you will get a list of the available images. Unlike the BioContainers Registry, Quay.io will not display conda packages in the list. Again, when in doubt choose the most recent version available for your tool. Click on the 'fetch tag' icon to the right of your chosen version. Then select 'Docker pull (by tag)' from the drop-down and copy the 'docker pull' command.
+
+|quayiotags|
+
+|quayiopull|
+
+
+DockerHub
+^^^^^^^^^
+`DockerHub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_ is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers. Like Quay.io, you can create an account at DockerHub and host your own images but **an account is not necessary to use BioContainers (or other publicly available images)**.
+
+There are fewer BioContainers images available at DockerHub than the other two registries. You can see them all by searching for 'biocontainers' in the search bar of the DockerHub page.
+
+
+|dockerhub|
+
+.. Note:: You can also search for the name of the tool you want. Be sure that you choose images the belong to the BioContainers organization. There will be many other options available on DockerHub. BioContainers is a trusted source.
+
+
+The second image in this search results list is 'vcftools'. Select 'vcftools' and you will see the repo page for this tool. The 'docker pull' command can be copied from the overview page; however, there is no tag specified. To see the available versions, select the tags tab at the top of the page. You will need to supply the tag of the version you want following a colon at the end of your docker pull command to get a specific version.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker pull biocontainers/vcftools:v0.1.14_cv2
+
+
+While DockerHub offers fewer BioContainers than the other registries it does offer some advantages for those who want to build their own BioContainers.
+
+- The first image in the  search results for 'biocontainers' is the 'biocontainers base image'. This image can be built upon if you wish to build your own BioContainers.
+- Dockerfiles are available for these containers so you can see exactly how they were built.
+
+For more information on building your own BioContainer see `How to build a BioContainer`_ section below.
+
+
+.. _request:
+
+How to Request a BioContainer
+-----------------------------
+
+If the tool you want isn't available as a BioContainer you can request that one be built for you.
+Users can request a container by opening an issue in the `containers repository <http://github.com/BioContainers/containers/issues>`_
+
+|requestcontainer|
+
+The issue should contain:
+
+- the name of the software
+- the url of the code or binary to be packaged
+- information about the software
+- tag the issue with the 'Container Request' label
+
+When the container is deployed and fully functional, the issue will be closed by the developer or the contributor to BioContainers. When a container is deployed and the developer closes the issue in GitHub the user receives a notification that the container is ready.You can the find your container at Quay.io and use the 'docker pull' command to run it as you would any other container.
+
+How to Use a BioContainer
+-------------------------
+To run your BioContainer you will need a computer with Docker installed.
+
+How to Install Docker
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Installing Docker on your computer takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup. `Docker can be installed by following these directions. <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/container_camp_workshop_2019/en/latest/docker/dockerintro.html>`_
+
+Docker installation is much easier on an Atmosphere instance with the 'ezd' command.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ ezd
+
+
+Get Data to Use with Your Container
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+`Set up iCommands. <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/atmosphere-guide/en/latest/step4.html>`_
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ cd Desktop
+   $ iget /iplant/home/shared/iplantcollaborative/example_data/porechop/SRR6059710.fastq
+
+Use 'docker pull' to Get the Image
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+First, you will need to pull the image from the registry onto your computer. Use the 'docker pull' command you copied from the registry above (`Where to Get a BioContainer`_).
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker pull quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3
+
+.. Note::
+    If you are working on a system for which you don't have root permissions you will need to use 'sudo' and provide your password. Like this:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ sudo docker pull quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3
+
+|pullquayio|
+
+
+
+Use the 'docker run' Command to Run the Container
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The easiest way to test that the container will run is to run the help command for the tool. In this case '-h' is the help command.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	sudo docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/working-dir -w /working-dir --entrypoint="porechop" quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3 -h
+
+From the result we are able to see the only required option is '-i INPUT'. Options in [square brackets] are not required.
+
+Now we can run the container with our data file to see the output.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	sudo docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/working-dir -w /working-dir --entrypoint="porechop" quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3 -i SRR6059710.fastq -o porechop_output.fastq
+
+We can break the command down into pieces so it is easier to read (the backslash represents where we have broken the line).
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    sudo \
+    docker run \
+    --rm \
+    -v $(pwd):/working-dir \
+    -w /working-dir \
+    --entrypoint="porechop" \
+    quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3 \
+    -i SRR6059710.fastq \
+    -o porechop_out.fastq
+
+What it All Means
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+- 'sudo' allows you to run the container with 'root' permissions--only required if you don't have root permissions on your machine
+- 'docker run' tells docker to run the container
+- '--rm' removes the container (not the image) from your system when the analysis is complete
+-  '-v' mounts a *local* directory into a directory *within the container*
+-  '-w' specifies the working directory within the container
+-  '--entrypoint' tells the container what to do (usually the name of the tool; the command you would use to run the tool on the command line)
+-  'quay.io/biocontainers/porechop:0.2.3_seqan2.1.1--py36h2d50403_3' is the name of the image we pulled from Quay.io
+-  '-i' is the argument for the input file (FASTQ) for Porechop
+-  '-o' is the arguemnt for the output file (trimmed FASTQ) for Porechop
+
+
+
+.. Important::
+
+    You must supply an entrypoint on the command line when you run a BioContainer. It is possible to build entrypoints into a container but that is not he case with BioContainers.
+
+|porechoprun|
+|porechoptrim|
+|porechopdone|
+
+
+The output from Porechop is saved into the working directory within the container. We ran the container we mounted our current *local* working directory into the working directory *within the container*. The analysis has finished, the container has been removed (remember --rm) and now we should find our outputs in our *local* current working directory.
+
+List the files:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ ls -l
+
+|porechopout|
+
+You can see the 'porechop_out.fastq' file is in our current working directory. Notice that the this file is owned by 'root'. This is because Docker containers always run as 'root'.
+
+At this point you can run your container on any system with Docker installed. To use this container on an HPC system you will need to use Singularity (rather than Docker) to run your container. For more information about running Docker containers with Singularity see the `Singularity documentation <https://singularity.lbl.gov/quickstart>`_
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Reporting a problem with a container:
+	If you find a problem with a BioContainer an issue should be opened in the `containers repository <http://github.com/BioContainers/containers/issues>`_, you should use the 'broken' tag (see tags). Developers of the project will pick-up the issue and deploy a new version of the container. A message will be delivered when the container has been fixed.
+
+.. _buildbiocontainer:
+
+How to Build a BioContainer
+---------------------------
+
+For more information on building Bioconda BioContainers see the `Bioconda docmentation <https://bioconda.github.io/contributing.html>`_
+
+For more information on building Docker BioContainers see `BioContainers contribution guidelines <https://github.com/BioContainers/specs#33-how-to-create-a-docker-based-biocontainer>`_.
+
+Useful Links
+------------
+- `BioContainers <https://biocontainers.pro/#/>`_
+- `Bioconda <https://bioconda.github.io/>`_
+- `Bioconda GitHub <https://github.com/bioconda/bioconda-recipes/tree/master/recipes>`_
+- `Quay.io BioContainers organization <https://quay.io/organization/biocontainers>`_
+- `BioContainers Registry <https://biocontainers.pro/#/registry>`_
+- `DockerHub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_
+- `Request a BioContainer <http://github.com/BioContainers/containers/issues>`_
+- `Singularity documentation <https://singularity.lbl.gov/quickstart>`_
+- `BioContainers contribution guidelines <https://github.com/BioContainers/specs#33-how-to-create-a-docker-based-biocontainer>`_
+
+----
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation:**
+
+- On Github: |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+----
+
+
+.. |Github Repo Link|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/foss-2019/tree/master/Containers/biocontainers.rst" target="blank">Github Repo Link</a>
+
+.. |biocondalogo| image:: ../img/biocontainers13.png
+  :width: 300
+
+.. |biocontainerlogo| image:: ../img/biocontainers5a.png
+  :width: 500
+
+.. |biocontainersregistry| image:: ../img/biocontainers15.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |quayio| image:: ../img/biocontainers20.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |quayiorepo| image:: ../img/biocontainers21.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |quayiotags| image:: ../img/biocontainers3.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |quayiopull| image:: ../img/biocontainers8.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |dockerhub| image:: ../img/biocontainers16.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |requestcontainer| image:: ../img/biocontainers18.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |registrytags| image:: ../img/biocontainers19.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |pullquayio| image:: ../img/biocontainers11.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |porechoprun| image:: ../img/biocontainers6.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |porechoptrim| image:: ../img/biocontainers1.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |porechopdone| image:: ../img/biocontainers2.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |porechopout| image:: ../img/biocontainers12.png
+  :width: 750
diff --git a/old_rst/breakout/datascience.rst b/old_rst/breakout/datascience.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..691bdaf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/breakout/datascience.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+**Docker for Data Science**
+--------------------------
+
+For domain scientists (and budding data scientists), running a container already equipped with the libraries and tools needed for a particular analysis eliminates the need to spend hours debugging packages across different environments or configuring custom environments.
+
+.. raw:: html
+
+	<div style="width: 640px; height: 480px; margin: 10px; position: relative;"><iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" style="width:640px; height:480px" src="https://www.lucidchart.com/documents/embeddedchart/108d5703-5fc1-438b-bf7a-2be10662d1ab" id="wv5EGfbRDaCG"></iframe></div>
+
+.. admonition:: Discussion Question
+
+	Why Set Up a Data Science Software Environment in a Container?
+
+	.. admonition:: answers
+
+		- Speed. Docker containers allow a Jupyter or RStudio session to launch in seconds to minutes
+		- Configuring environments can be a pain.
+		- Standardize how data scientists work, and ensure that old code doesn’t stop running because of environment changes.
+		- Containerization benefits both data science and IT/technical operations teams.
+		- Containers solve a lot of common problems associated with doing data science work at the enterprise level.
+
+Dealing with inconsistent package versions, having to dive through obscure error messages, and having to wait hours for packages to compile can be frustrating. This makes it hard to get started with data science in the first place, and is a completely arbitrary barrier to entry.
+
+Thanks to the rich ecosystem of Docker users, there are readily available images for the common components in data science pipelines.
+
+Here are some Docker Images that may help you quickly configure your own data science pipeline:
+
+- `MySQL <https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/>`_
+- `Postgres <https://hub.docker.com/_/postgres/>`_
+- `Redmine <https://hub.docker.com/_/redmine/>`_
+- `MongoDB <https://hub.docker.com/_/mongo/>`_
+- `Hadoop <https://hub.docker.com/r/sequenceiq/hadoop-docker/>`_
+- `Spark <https://hub.docker.com/r/sequenceiq/spark/>`_
+- `Zookeeper <https://hub.docker.com/r/wurstmeister/zookeeper/>`_
+- `Kafka <https://github.com/spotify/docker-kafka>`_
+- `Cassandra <https://hub.docker.com/_/cassandra/>`_
+- `Storm <https://github.com/wurstmeister/storm-docker>`_
+- `Flink <https://github.com/apache/flink/tree/master/flink-contrib/docker-flink>`_
+- `R <https://github.com/rocker-org/rocker>`_
+
+How does all this stuff fit together??
+
+.. raw:: html
+
+	<div style="width: 640px; height: 480px; margin: 10px; position: relative;"><iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" style="width:640px; height:480px" src="https://www.lucidchart.com/documents/embeddedchart/41c634cf-f619-4556-847b-6cb894776aae" id="Ww5EhIAJKdHs"></iframe></div>
+
+**Motivation:** Say you want to play around with some cool data science libraries in Python or R but what you don’t want to do is spend hours on installing Python or R, working out what libraries you need, installing each and every one and then messing around with the tedium of getting things to work just right on your version of Linux/Windows/OSX/OS9 — well this is where Docker comes to the rescue! With Docker we can get a Jupyter ‘Data Science’ notebook stack up and running in no time at all. Let’s get started! We will see few examples of these in the following sections...
+
+1. Launch a Jupyter notebook conatiner
+======================================
+
+Docker allows us to run a ‘ready to go’ Jupyter data science stack in what’s known as a container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/minimal-notebook
+
+Once you’ve done that you should be greeted by your very own containerised Jupyter service!
+
+|jn_login|
+
+To create your first notebook, drill into the work directory and then click on the ‘New’ button on the right hand side and choose ‘Python 3’ to create a new Python 3 based Notebook.
+
+|jn_login2|
+
+Now you can write your python code. Here is an example
+
+|jn_login3|
+
+|jn_login3.5|
+
+To mount the host directory inside the Jupyter notebook container, you must first grant the within-container notebook user or group (NB_UID or NB_GID) write access to the host directory
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	sudo chown 1000 <host directory>
+
+you can run the command as below
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 -v $PWD:/work -w /home/jovyan/work jupyter/minimal-notebook
+
+.. Tip::
+
+	If you want to run `Jupyter-lab` instead of the default Jupyter notebook, you can do so by adding `jupyter-lab` at the end of the command.
+
+More options for Datascience jupyter notebook - https://github.com/Paperspace/jupyter-docker-stacks/tree/master/datascience-notebook
+
+To shut down the container once you’re done working, simply hit Ctrl-C in the terminal/command prompt. Your work will all be saved on your actual machine in the path we set in our Docker compose file. And there you have it — a quick and easy way to start using Jupyter notebooks with the magic of Docker.
+
+2. Launch a RStudio container
+=============================
+
+Next, we will see a Docker image from Rocker which will allow us to run RStudio inside the container and has many useful R packages already installed.
+
+|rstudio_ss|
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run --rm -d -e PASSWORD=rstudio1 -p 8787:8787 rocker/rstudio
+
+The command above will lead RStudio-Server to launch invisibly. To connect to it, open a browser and enter http://localhost:8787, or <ipaddress>:8787 on cloud.
+
+|rstudio_login2|
+
+.. Tip::
+
+	For the current Rstudio container, the default username is `rstudio` and the password is `rstudio1`. However you can override the disable the log-in with `-e DISABLE_AUTH=true` in place of `-e PASSWORD=rstudio1`.
+
+|rstudio_login|
+
+If you want to mount the host directory inside the Rstudio container, you can do as below
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run -v $PWD:/data -w /data -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true --rm rocker/rstudio:3.6.2
+
+And navigate to the `/data` inside the container using the file browser option in Rstudio.
+
+An excellent R tutorial for reproducible research can be found `here <https://ropenscilabs.github.io/r-docker-tutorial/>`_
+
+.. |jn_login| image:: ../img/jn_login.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |jn_login2| image:: ../img/jn_login2.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |jn_login3| image:: ../img/jn_login3.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |jn_login3.5| image:: ../img/jn_login3.5.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |rstudio_ss| image:: ../img/rstudio_ss.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |rstudio_login2| image:: ../img/rstudio_login2.png
+	:width: 700
+
+.. |rstudio_login| image:: ../img/rstudio_login.png
+	:width: 700
diff --git a/old_rst/breakout/snakemake.pdf b/old_rst/breakout/snakemake.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6cc425e
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diff --git a/old_rst/breakout/workflows.rst b/old_rst/breakout/workflows.rst
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/breakout/workflows.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+**Containerized Workflows**
+---------------------------
+
+Workflow Management Using Snakemake
+===================================
+
+|snakemake|
+
+In this breakout session you'll learn about `snakemake <https://snakemake.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_, a workflow management system consisting of a text-based workflow specification language and a scalable execution environment. You will be introduced to the Snakemake workflow definition language and how to use the execution environment to scale workflows to compute servers and clusters while adapting to hardware specific constraints.
+
+Snakemake is designed specifically for computationally intensive and/or complex data analysis pipelines. The name is a reference to the programming language Python, which forms the basis for the Snakemake syntax.
+
+See Snakemake Slides `here <https://slides.com/johanneskoester/snakemake-tutorial#/>`_ and `pdf <https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container_camp_workshop_2020/blob/master/breakout/snakemake.pdf>`_.
+
+Setup
+^^^^^
+
+.. Note::
+
+- Right-Click the button below and login to CyVerse Discovery Environment for a quick launch of Snakemake VICE Jupyter lab app.
+
+	|smake-vice|_
+
+- To run Snakemake inside a docker container, run the following on your instance with docker installed:
+
+.. code::
+
+  docker run -it --entrypoint bash cyversevice/jupyterlab-snakemake
+
+- Click `here <https://nbis-reproducible-research.readthedocs.io/en/devel/snakemake/>`_ for a Snakemake tutorial by `NBISweden <https://nbis-reproducible-research.readthedocs.io/en/devel/>`_.
+
+
+- Clone RNAseq Snakemake tutorial repository
+
+.. code::
+
+  git clone https://github.com/NBISweden/workshop-reproducible-research.git
+
+  cd workshop-reproducible-research/docker/
+
+  git checkout devel
+
+  ls
+
+- Dry-Run RNAseq Snakefile
+.. code::
+
+  snakemake -n
+
+- Run RNAseq Snakefile
+.. code::
+
+  snakemake
+
+
+Why Snakemake
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+From where and how to get data for your analysis, to where and how to treat the outputs, workflow managers can help you achieve better scientific reproducibility and scalability. Once you learn to properly use Snakemake (or similar workflow management tools), keeping track of and sharing your work becomes second nature, not only saving you time whenever you need to re-run all or part of an analysis but helping you reduce errors that naturally get introduced whenever a non-automated activity is done (i.e., as part of the human condition of doing computational science and not being a bot!).
+
+Other Workflow Managers
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+- `CCTools <https://cctools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ offers `Makeflow <https://cctools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/makeflow/>`_ a workflow management system similar to Snakemake and also `WorkQueue <https://cctools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/work_queue/>`_ for scaling-up through Distributed Computing for customized and efficient utilization of resources. Read more `here <http://ccl.cse.nd.edu/software/tutorials/acic19/>`_.
+
+
+.. |snakemake| image:: ../img/snakemake.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |smake-vice| image:: https://de.cyverse.org/Powered-By-CyVerse-blue.svg
+.. _smake-vice: https://de.cyverse.org/de/?type=quick-launch&quick-launch-id=7a62a49e-7fee-4822-b128-a1b2485e2941&app-id=9e989f50-6109-11ea-ab9d-008cfa5ae621
diff --git a/old_rst/cyverse/boot.rst b/old_rst/cyverse/boot.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..67ab84fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/cyverse/boot.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+
+**Booting a CyVerse Atmosphere instance**
+=========================================
+
+In this session, we will walk through how to start up a running computer (an "instance") on the CyVerse Atmosphere Cloud service. Here is the `Atmosphere manual <https://wiki.cyverse.org/wiki/display/atmman/Atmosphere+Manual+Table+of+Contents>`_ if you are interested in learning more about CyVerse Atmosphere
+
+Below, we've provided screenshots of the whole process. You can click on them to zoom in a bit. The important areas to fill in are highlighted.
+
+First, go to the `Atmosphere <https://atmo.cyverse.org>`_ application and then click **login**
+
+.. important::
+
+  You will need to have access to the Atmosphere workshop cloud. If you are unable to log-in for some reason, please let us know and we will fix it immediately.
+
+1. Fill in the username and password and click **LOGIN**
+
+Fill in the username, which is your CyVerse username, and then enter the password which is your CyVerse password.
+
+|atmo-1.1|
+
+2. Select Projects and **Create New Project**
+
+- Now, this is something you only need to do once.
+
+- We'll do this with Projects, which gives you a bit of a workspace in which to keep things that belong to *you*.
+
+- Click on the **Projects** tab on the top and then click **CREATE NEW PROJECT**
+
+- Enter the name **CC2019** into the Project Name box, and something simple like **Container Camp Workshop 2019** into the description. Then click **create**.
+
+|atmo_cp|
+
+3. Select the newly created project
+
+- Click on your newly created project!
+
+- Now, click **New** and then **Instance** from the dropdown menu to start up a new virtual machine.
+
+|atmo_launch0|
+
+- Find the **Ubuntu 18.04** image, click on it
+
+|atmo_launch1|
+
+- Name it something simple such as **workshop tutorial** and select **small1 (CPU: 2, Mem: 8GB, Disk: 30GB)**.
+
+- Leave rest of the fields as default.
+
+|atmo_launch|
+
+- Wait for it to become active
+
+- It will now be booting up! This will take 2-10 minutes, depending. Just wait! Don't reload or do anything.
+
+|atmo-6|
+
+- Click on your new instance to get more information!
+
+- Now, you can either click **Open Web Shell**, *or*, you can ssh in with your CyVerse username on the IP address of the machine. For using **Open Web Shell**, click on the name of the instance and it will take you to the next screen. You'll find the **Open Web Shell** underneath the Actions menu on the right.
+
+**Deleting your instance**
+
+- To completely remove your instance, you can select the **Delete** buttom from the instance Actions page.
+
+- This will open up a dialogue window. Select the **Yes, delete this instance** button.
+
+|atmo-8|
+
+.. important::
+
+Before deleting an instance make sure you backup your data, once the instance is deleted, there is no way you can get the data back. It is recommended to `attach the volume to the instance <https://wiki.cyverse.org/wiki/display/atmman/Attaching+and+Detaching+Volumes>`_ and do your analysis there.
+
+- It may take Atmosphere a few minutes to process your request. The instance should disappear from the project when it has been successfully deleted.
+
+|atmo-9|
+
+.. Note::
+
+  It is advisable to delete the machine if you are not planning to use it in future to save valuable resources. However if you want to use it in future, you can suspend it.
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |atmo-1.1| image:: ../img/atmo-1.1.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo_cp| image:: ../img/atmo_cp.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo_launch0| image:: ../img/atmo_launch0.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo_launch1| image:: ../img/atmo_launch1.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo_launch| image:: ../img/atmo_launch.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo-6| image:: ../img/atmo-6.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo-7| image:: ../img/atmo-7.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo-8| image:: ../img/atmo-8.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+
+.. |atmo-9| image:: ../img/atmo-9.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 400
+  
+  .. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/cyverse/de_docker.rst b/old_rst/cyverse/de_docker.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..275ba16b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/cyverse/de_docker.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+**Deploying apps in CyVerse Discovery Environment**
+---------------------------------------------------
+
+The CyVerse `Discovery Environment (DE) <https://de.cyverse.org>`_ provides a simple yet powerful web portal for managing data, analyses, and workflows. The DE uses containers (both Docker and Singularity) to support customizable, non-interactive, interactive reproducible workflows using data stored in the CyVerse Data Store.
+
+This `paper <https://f1000research.com/articles/5-1442/v3>`_ will guide you to bring your dockerized tools into CyVerse DE.
+
+|f1000|
+
+.. Important ::
+
+	Significant changes have been made as to how you can bring your tools into DE and so we are working on a separate paper that will show all those changes. Meanwhile you can follow the below tutorial for integrating your tools.
+
+Here are the basic steps for deploying Docker images as apps in DE. For this tutorial I am going to show an example of `Tensor image classifier <https://github.com/upendrak/tensorflow_image_classifier>`_
+
+- `Build and test your Docker images`_
+
+- `Push your Docker image to Dockerhub`_
+
+- `Add Docker images as tool in DE`_
+
+- `Create an App UI for the tool in DE`_
+
+- `Test the app using appropriate test data in DE`_
+
+.. warning::
+
+	If you already have your own Docker image or a Docker image of interest is already hosted on a public registry(s) (Dockerhub or quay.io or some other public repository), then you can skip to Step 3
+
+.. _Build and test your Docker images:
+
+**1. Build and test your Docker images**
+
+The first step is to dockerize your tool or software of interest. Detailed steps of how to dockerize your tool and test your dockerized images can be found in sections `intro to docker <../docker/dockerintro.html>`_ and `advanced docker <../docker/dockeradvanced.html>`_.
+
+For this tutorial I will use the ``tensorflow image classifier`` docker image that I built using this `code <https://github.com/upendrak/tensorflow_image_classifier>`_.
+
+**Building the Docker image from the Dockerfile**
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ git clone https://github.com/upendrak/tensorflow_image_classifier && cd tensorflow_image_classifier
+
+	$ docker build -t tensorflow_up:1.0 .
+
+**Testing Docker image with test data**
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/data -w /data tensorflow_up:1.0 sample_data/16401288243_36112bd52f_m.jpg
+
+This generates a file called `16401288243_36112bd52f_m.out` that consits of classification percentages such as
+
+.. code-block :: bash
+
+	daisy (score = 0.99785)
+	bee (score = 0.00009)
+	speedboat (score = 0.00008)
+	mitten (score = 0.00006)
+	sulphur butterfly, sulfur butterfly (score = 0.00004)
+
+.. _Push your Docker image to Dockerhub:
+
+**2. Push your Docker image to public repositories**
+
+Once the Docker image works as expected then either you set-up an automated build (recommended) or directly push the build Docker image to `dockerhub <http://hub.docker.com>`_. Here are the brief steps for automated build. See `Advanced Docker <../docker/dockeradvanced.html>`_ section for more details.
+
+**2.1.** Login to hub.docker.com and select Create Repository
+
+|auto-1|
+
+**2.2.** Give a name to the repository. In here, I have given `tensorflow_image_classifier` as the name
+
+|auto-2|
+
+**2.3.** Use the default visibility (Public in this case). Under Build settings, click the github octocat symbol which will ask you to authenticate github. Upon authentication, you'll be able to select the `tensorflow_image_classifier` github repo. Under Build rules, keep the source type as Branch, source as master, Docker Tag as 1.0 and the rest as defaults. Finally click "Create and Build" to start the building process
+
+|auto-3|
+
+**2.4.** It takes few minutes to hours (depending on the size of the image) and finally when everything works well, you'll see the **SUCCESS** message as shown here
+
+|auto-4|
+
+Here is the docker image built using automated build for the tensorflow image classifier on `Dockerhub <https://hub.docker.com/r/upendradevisetty/tensorflow_image_classifier>`_
+
+.. _Add Docker images as tool in DE:
+
+**3. Add Docker images as tool in DE**
+
+All tools now run installed as Docker images in the DE. Once the software is dockerized and available as Docker images on dockerhub then you can add those docker images as a tool in DE.
+
+.. warning::
+
+	Check if the tool and correct version are already installed in the DE by following the steps below.
+
+	- Log in to the Discovery Environment by going to https://de.cyverse.org/de/, entering your CyVerse username and password, and clicking LOGIN. If you have not already done so, you will need to sign up for a CyVerse account.
+	- Click the ``Apps`` window to open the Apps window.
+	- Click the ``Manage Tools`` button on the top-right of the Apps window.
+	- In the search tools field, enter the first few letters of the tool name and then click enter.
+	- If the tool is available then you can skip to skip to step 3 for creating a UI for that tool.
+
+If the tool is not available in DE then do the following:
+
+- Click open the ``Tools`` tab in ``Manage Tools`` window and then click ``Add tools`` button
+
+- Then enter the fields about your tool and then click "Ok".
+
+	- Tool Name: It should be the name of the tool. For example "tensorflow_image_classifier".
+	- Description: A short Description about the tool. For example "Tensorflow image classifier".
+	- Version: What is the version number of the tool. For example "1.0".
+	- Image name: Name of the Docker image on dockerhub or quay.io. For example "upendradevisetty/tensorflow_image_classifier".
+	- Tag: What is the tag of your Docker image. This is optional but is highly recommended. If non specified, it will pull the default tag ``latest``. If the ``latest`` tag is not avaiable the tool integration will fail. For example "1.0"
+	- Entrypoint: Do you want a entrypoint for your Docker image? This optional.
+	- Docker Hub URL: URL of the Dockerhub docker image. Option but is recommended. In this example "".
+
+|img_building_1|
+
+- If there is no error message, you have successfully integrated the tool.
+
+.. _Create an App UI for the tool in DE:
+
+**4. Create an App UI for the tool in DE**
+
+Once the Dockerized tool is added, you can create the app UI for the tool. The ``Create App`` window consists of four distinct sections:
+
+- The first section contains the different app items that can be added to your interface. To add an app item, select the one to use (hover over the object name for a brief description) and drag it into position in the middle section.
+- The second section is the landing place for the objects you dragged and dropped from the left section, and it updates to display how the app will look when presented to a user.
+- The third section (Details) displays all of the available properties for the selected item. As you customize the app in this section, the middle section updates dynamically so you can see how it will look and act.
+- Finally, the fourth section at the bottom (Command line view) contains the command-line commands for the current item’s properties. As you update the properties in the Details section, the command-line view updates as well to let you make sure that you are passing the correct arguments in the correct order.
+
+|img_building_4|
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Creating a new app interface requires that you know how to use the tool. With that knowledge, you create the interface according to how you want options to be displayed to a user.
+
+Here is an example of the ``Tensorflow image classifier - 1.0`` app UI in DE
+
+|img_building_3|
+
+.. _Test the app using appropriate test data in DE:
+
+**5. Test the app using appropriate test data in DE**
+
+After creating the new app according to your design, test your app in the Your Apps under development folder in the DE using appropriate test data to make sure it works properly.
+
+For testing, we'll use the the same image that we used earlier.
+
+|img_building_9|
+
+1. First open the ``Tensorflow image classifier - 1.0`` app in the app window
+
+|img_building_5|
+
+2. Next browse the test file in the app and click launch analysis
+
+|img_building_6|
+
+3. After the analysis is completed, open the folder and check to see if the image classifier correctly predicts
+
+|img_building_8|
+
+Congrats!!! It works. The image classifier correctly predicts that the image is a daisy..
+
+- If your app works the way you expect it to you can share your app or make the app public
+- If your app doesn't work, then you may need to make changes to the app UI or you need to make changes to your Docker image. If you make changes to the Docker image, then you don't need to create a new app UI again as the Docker image updates will be propagated automatically.
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |f1000| image:: ../img/f1000.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_1| image:: ../img/img_building_1.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_4| image:: ../img/img_building_4.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_3| image:: ../img/img_building_3.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_5| image:: ../img/img_building_5.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_6| image:: ../img/img_building_6.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_8| image:: ../img/img_building_8.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |img_building_9| image:: ../img/img_building_9.png
+  :width: 300
+
+.. |auto-1| image:: ../img/auto-1.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |auto-2| image:: ../img/auto-2.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |auto-3| image:: ../img/auto-3.png
+  :width: 700
+
+.. |auto-4| image:: ../img/auto-4.png
+  :width: 700
diff --git a/old_rst/cyverse/tool_integration_app_building_DE.rst b/old_rst/cyverse/tool_integration_app_building_DE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec0cbaca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/cyverse/tool_integration_app_building_DE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Tool integration in the Discovery Environment (DE)**
+======================================================
+
+**Why use the DE?**
+-------------------
+
+- Use hundreds of bioinformatics Apps without the command line (or with, if you prefer)
+- Batch and interactive modes
+- Seamlessly integrated with data and high performance computing – not dependent on your hardware
+- Create and publish Apps and workflows so anyone can use them
+- Analysis history and provenance – “avoid forensic bioinformatics”
+- Securely and easily manage, share, and publish data
+
+
+**Types of apps**
+-----------------
+
+**CyVerse tool:** Software program that is integrated into the back end of the DE for use in DE apps
+
+**CyVerse app:** graphic interface of a tool made available for use in the DE
+ 
+ - **Executable**: user starts an analysis and when the analysis finishes they can find the output files in their 'Analyses' folder
+
+    - **DE**: run locally on our cluster
+    - **HPC**: labeled as 'Agave' in the DE. Run on XSEDE resources at Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC)
+    - **OSG**: run on the Open Science Grid
+
+ - **Interactive**: also called Visual and Interactive Computing Environment (VICE). Allows users to open Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) including RStudio, Project Jupyter and RShiny and work interactively within them.
+
+The (containerized) tool must be integrated into the Cyverse DE first. Then an app (interface) can be built for that tool.
+
+
+**Building an App for Your Tool**
+---------------------------------
+You can build an app for any tool that:
+
+- is private to you
+- is shared with you
+- is public
+
+.. Note:: 
+
+    It is a good idea to check to see if the tool you want is already integrated before you start. The tool my be there already and you can build an app using it.
+
+In the hamburger menu on the left side, open the 'Apps' then 'Tools' 
+
+|detool1|
+
+In the Apps window, on the upper right select the 'More Actions' option. 
+
+|detool2|
+
+Then select the 'Add Tool' option. This will open the Tool integration feature. 
+
+|detool3|
+
+Tools are essentially Docker images which are hosted on the internet from public registries like the DockerHub, Quay.io, Biocontainers, etc.
+
+|detool4|
+
+You can populate the Tool fields with the information about your container, and whether it is an 'executable' 'interactive' or 'osg' type application. Executable tools/apps are containers that typically are run from the command line interface. Interactive tools/apps include anything with a graphic user interface (GUI) or integrated development environment (IDE). 'osg' tools/apps are run on the OpenScienceGrid high throughput computing framework.
+
+|detool5|
+
+Each tool requires that you give it a 'Name' and 'Version' -- these are specific to the Discovery Environment search feature and will be used when you design your 'App' interface. 
+
+The 'Container Image' is the Docker image from a public registry. You select an 'Image Name' using the `registry/repository/container` - note: the `Tag` is entered below. Optionally, you can provide a link to the public registry URL.
+
+|detool6|
+
+The new container can be provided with or without an 'Entrypoint', 'Working Directory', and 'UID. You can update or modify the Container Image by updating these in the fields provided, these will overwrite whatever is in the base image.
+
+If your container runs on open ports, e.g., interactive GUI like RStudio and Jupyter run on ports `8787` or `8888` - these must be provided in the 'Container Ports' field.
+
+|detool7|
+
+You can also set the maximum size limitations for your app. These are typically useful for containers that are used for teaching and may not need larger resources. You can leave these fields empty by default.
+
+Once you're sure that you've set these features correctly, click 'Save' and exit the screen.
+
+Your next step is to create a new 'App' interface.
+
+Additional resources
+--------------------
+
+ - `DE Guide <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/discovery-environment-guide/en/latest/>`_
+ - `DE Manual <https://wiki.cyverse.org/wiki/display/DEmanual/Table+of+Contents>`_
+ - `VICE Manual <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/vice/en/latest/>`_
+ - `Using CyVerse for a shared project <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/cyverse-group-project-quickstart/en/latest/index.html?highlight=group%20project>`_
+
+----
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation:**
+
+- On Github: |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+----
+
+.. Comment: Place URLS Below This Line
+
+   .. |Substitution| raw:: html # Place this anywhere in the text you want a hyperlink
+
+      <a href="REPLACE_THIS_WITH_URL" target="blank">Replace_with_text</a>
+
+.. |Toolintegration| raw:: html
+
+    <a href="https://cyverse-de-tool-integration-quickstart.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/index.html" target="blank">Tool Integration into the DE</a>
+
+.. |Github Repo Link|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/blob/main/cyverse/tool_integration_app_building_DE.rst" target="blank">Github Repo Link</a>
+
+.. |detool1| image:: ../img/de_tool1.png
+  :width: 750
+
+
+.. |detool2| image:: ../img/de_tool2.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+  
+.. |detool3| image:: ../img/de_tool3.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+  
+.. |detool4| image:: ../img/de_tool4.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+  
+.. |detool5| image:: ../img/de_tool5.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+  
+.. |detool6| image:: ../img/de_tool6.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+  
+.. |detool7| image:: ../img/de_tool7.png
+  :width: 750
+  
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/cyverse/vice_docker.rst b/old_rst/cyverse/vice_docker.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8ce175a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/cyverse/vice_docker.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+|CyVerse logo|_
+
+**Deploying interactive apps in CyVerse Discovery Environment**
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The current apps in the DE are non-interactive, meaning the user selects parameters and data for a particular analysis, and submits the job for execution on platforms (Condor, HPC via Agave). When the process completes, the user is notified and they can view their analysis results in a folder. Any desired changes in results requires the user to change analysis parameters and run the job again to full completion. But exploratory data analysis (EDA) requires user to click and interact with running applications (i.e Data Scientists need a Workbench). Availability of computational notebooks (Jupyter, Zepplin) and Rstudio’s Shiny allow users to readily share analysis in a reproducible manner and technologies like Javascript, WebGL, and others are making the web browser an extremely capable workbench
+
+VICE (Visual Interactive Computing Environment) lets users interact with their data and do analyses in their favorite programming language in one place in an iterative way. Researchers can now explore their datasets interactively by easily changing parameters of selected analysis applications without having to download data from storage to an active workspace.
+
+Here are the basic steps for deploying Docker images as interactive apps (VICE) in DE. For this tutorial I am going to show an example of `Keras wine classifier <https://github.com/upendrak/keras_wine>`_
+
+First log-in `CyVerse DE <https://de.cyverse.org/de/>`_
+
+1. Search JupyterLab App
+========================
+
+After you login to DE, open the Apps window and search the JupyterLab with key word `JupyterLab`.
+
+|jupyter1-1|
+
+2. Launch analysis
+==================
+
+Launch the JupyterLab app by clicking **launch analysis**. Before you launch, you can either drag and drop or browse the files that you want to use with Jupyter-lab. There is currently no restriction of how many files and size of the files that can be launched along with JupyterLab app.
+
+|jupyter1-2|
+
+|jupyter1-3|
+
+.. Note::
+
+	The first two steps of launching apps are same as with other DE apps.
+
+3. Navigate to JupyterLab url
+==============================
+
+Unlike regular DE apps once the analysis starts running you will get url. Clicking on the "Access your running Analysis here" url will redirect you to a page with a welcome message
+
+|jupyter1-9|
+
+After it finished loading your app, the JupyterLab Interface automatically appears in your browser.
+
+|jupyter1-4|
+
+**The JupyterLab Interface:** JupyterLab provides flexible building blocks for interactive, exploratory computing. While JupyterLab has many features found in traditional integrated development environments (IDEs), it remains focused on interactive, exploratory computing. The JupyterLab interface consists of a main work area containing tabs of documents and activities, a collapsible left sidebar, and a menu bar. The left sidebar contains a file browser, the list of running kernels and terminals, the command palette, the notebook cell tools inspector, and the tabs list.
+
+More information about the JupyterLab can be found `here <https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user/interface.html>`_
+
+4. Create Jupyter notebook
+==========================
+
+Jupyter notebooks are documents that combine live runnable code with narrative text (Markdown), equations (LaTeX), images, interactive visualizations and other rich output. Jupyter notebooks (.ipynb files) are fully supported in JupyterLab
+
+If you want to create a notebook, you can do so by clicking the ``+`` button in the file browser and then selecting a kernel in the new Launcher tab. Currently there are 3 different notebooks available - Python3, Julia and R. Click on `Python 3` under Notebook section in the JupyterLab Interface, which will open a new Jupyter Notebook. A new file is created with a default name. Rename a file by right-clicking on its name in the file browser and selecting “Rename” from the context menu.
+
+To know more about notebooks in JupyterLab click `here <https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user/notebook.html>`_
+
+.. Tip::
+
+	To open the classic Notebook from JupyterLab, select “Launch Classic Notebook” from the JupyterLab Help menu.
+
+|jupyter1-5|
+
+.. Note::
+
+	There are plenty other cool stuff that you can do in JupyterLab such as using `consoles <https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user/code_console.html>`_, using `terminal <https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user/terminal.html>`_ and using `text editor <https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user/file_editor.html>`_
+
+5. Write your code
+==================
+
+Once you open a new notebook, you can start writing your code, put markdown text, generate plots, save plots etc.
+
+|jupyter1-6|
+
+6. Complet and Save Outputs
+===========================
+
+After finishing your analysis, you can save outputs to data store by clicking the Analysis window, then select the sshiny analysis that you are running and then selecting `Complete and Save Outputs` under "Analyses" button.
+
+|jupyter1-7|
+
+|jupyter1-8|
+
+After you had done this, you can find the outputs that you generated (if any) in the analysis of the JupyterLab.
+
+.. Warning::
+
+	Currently, VICE can run for 48 hrs beyond which the apps will be terminated. So make sure you run your analysis before 48 hrs.
+
+.. |CyVerse logo| image:: ../img/cyverse_rgb.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse logo: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+.. |jupyter1-1| image:: ../img/jupyter1-1.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-2| image:: ../img/jupyter1-2.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-3| image:: ../img/jupyter1-3.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-4| image:: ../img/jupyter1-4.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-5| image:: ../img/jupyter1-5.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-6| image:: ../img/jupyter1-6.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-7| image:: ../img/jupyter1-7.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-8| image:: ../img/jupyter1-8.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
+.. |jupyter1-9| image:: ../img/jupyter1-9.png
+	:width: 700
+	:height: 400
diff --git a/old_rst/docker/dockeradvanced.rst b/old_rst/docker/dockeradvanced.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d6a0af1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/docker/dockeradvanced.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+.. include:: ../custom_urls.txt
+
+**Advanced Docker**
+-------------------
+
+Automated Docker image building from GitHub
+============================================
+
+An automated build is a Docker image build that is triggered by a code change in a GitHub or Bitbucket repository. By linking a remote code repository to a Dockerhub automated build repository, you can build a new Docker image every time a code change is pushed to your code repository.
+
+A build context is a Dockerfile and any files at a specific location. For an automated build, the build context is a repository containing a Dockerfile.
+
+Automated Builds have several advantages:
+
+- Images built in this way are built exactly as specified.
+- The Dockerfile is available to anyone with access to your Docker Hub repository.
+- Your repository is kept up-to-date with code changes automatically.
+- Automated Builds are supported for both public and private repositories on both GitHub and Bitbucket.
+
+Prerequisites
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To use automated builds, you first must have an account on `Docker Hub <https://hub.docker.com>`_ and on the hosted repository provider (`GitHub <https://github.com/>`_ or `Bitbucket <https://bitbucket.org/>`_). While Docker Hub supports linking both GitHub and Bitbucket repositories, here we will use a GitHub repository. If you don't already have one, make sure you have a GitHub account. A basic account is free
+
+.. Note::
+
+	- If you have previously linked your Github or Bitbucket account, you must have chosen the Public and Private connection type. To view your current connection settings, log in to Docker Hub and choose Profile > Settings > Linked Accounts & Services.
+
+	- Building Windows containers is not supported.
+
+Link your Docker Hub account to GitHub
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+1.	Log into Docker Hub.
+
+2.	Click "Create Repository+"
+
+|dockerhub_create|
+
+3.	Click the Build Settings and select ``GitHub``.
+
+|dockerhub_createrepo|
+
+The system prompts you to choose between **Public and Private** and **Limited Access**. The **Public** and **Private** connection type is required if you want to use the Automated Builds.
+
+4.	Press ``Select`` under **Public and Private** connection type.
+	If you are not logged into GitHub, the system prompts you to enter GitHub credentials before prompting you to grant access. After you grant access to your code repository, the system returns you to Docker Hub and the link is complete.
+
+|dockerhub_buildsettings|
+
+After you grant access to your code repository, the system returns you to Docker Hub and the link is complete. For example, github linked hosted repository looks like this:
+
+|dockerhub_autobuild|
+
+Automated Container Builds
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Automated build repositories rely on the integration with a version control system (GitHub or Gitlab) where your ``Dockerfile`` is kept.
+
+Let's create an automatic build for our container using the instructions below:
+
+1. Initialize git repository for the `mynotebook` directory you created for your ``Dockerfile``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ git init
+	Initialized empty Git repository in /home/julianp/mynotebook/.git/
+
+	$ git status
+	On branch master
+
+	Initial commit
+
+	Untracked files:
+  	(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+
+		Dockerfile
+		model.py
+
+	nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
+
+	$ git add * && git commit -m "Add files and folders"
+	[master (root-commit) a4f732a] Add files and folders
+	 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+)
+	 create mode 100644 Dockerfile
+	 create mode 100644 model.py
+
+
+2. Create a new repository on github by navigating to this URL - https://github.com/new
+
+|create_repo|
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Don't initialize the repository with a README and don't add a license.
+
+3. Push the repository to github
+
+|create_repo2|
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ git remote add origin https://github.com/<your-github-username>/mynotebook.git
+
+	$ git push -u origin master
+	Counting objects: 7, done.
+	Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
+	Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
+	Writing objects: 100% (7/7), 1.44 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
+	Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
+	To https://github.com/<your-github-username>/mynotebook.git
+	 * [new branch]      master -> master
+	Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
+
+4.	Select ``Create`` > ``Create Automated Build`` from Docker Hub.
+
+- The system prompts you with a list of User/Organizations and code repositories.
+
+- For now select your GitHub account from the User/Organizations list on the left. The list of repositories change.
+
+- Pick the project to build. In this case ``mynotebook``. Type in "Jupyter Test" in the Short Description box.
+
+- If you have a long list of repos, use the filter box above the list to restrict the list. After you select the project, the system displays the Create Automated Build dialog.
+
+|dockerhub_autobuilds|
+
+.. Note::
+
+	The dialog assumes some defaults which you can customize. By default, Docker builds images for each branch in your repository. It assumes the Dockerfile lives at the root of your source. When it builds an image, Docker tags it with the branch name.
+
+5.	Customize the automated build by pressing the ``Click here to customize`` behavior link.
+
+|auto_build-2.1|
+
+Specify which code branches or tags to build from. You can build by a code branch or by an image tag. You can enter a specific value or use a regex to select multiple values. To see examples of regex, press the Show More link on the right of the page.
+
+- Enter the ``master`` (default) for the name of the branch.
+
+- Leave the Dockerfile location as is.
+
+- Recall the file is in the root of your code repository.
+
+- Specify ``1.0`` for the Tag Name.
+
+6.	Click ``Create``.
+
+.. important::
+
+	During the build process, Docker copies the contents of your Dockerfile to Docker Hub. The Docker community (for public repositories) or approved team members/orgs (for private repositories) can then view the Dockerfile on your repository page.
+
+	The build process looks for a README.md in the same directory as your Dockerfile. If you have a README.md file in your repository, it is used in the repository as the full description. If you change the full description after a build, it’s overwritten the next time the Automated Build runs. To make changes, modify the README.md in your Git repository.
+
+.. warning::
+
+	You can only trigger one build at a time and no more than one every five minutes. If you already have a build pending, or if you recently submitted a build request, Docker ignores new requests.
+
+It can take a few minutes for your automated build job to be created. When the system is finished, it places you in the detail page for your Automated Build repository.
+
+7. Manually Trigger a Build
+
+Before you trigger an automated build by pushing to your GitHub ``mynotebook`` repo, you'll trigger a manual build. Triggering a manual build ensures everything is working correctly.
+
+From your automated build page choose ``Build Settings``
+
+|auto_build-5|
+
+Press ``Trigger`` button and finally click ``Save Changes``.
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Docker builds everything listed whenever a push is made to the code repository. If you specify a particular branch or tag, you can manually build that image by pressing the Trigger. If you use a regular expression syntax (regex) to define your build branch or tag, Docker does not give you the option to manually build.
+
+|auto_build-6|
+
+8. Review the build results
+
+The Build Details page shows a log of your build systems:
+
+Navigate to the ``Build Details`` page.
+
+Wait until your image build is done.
+
+You may have to manually refresh the page and your build may take several minutes to complete.
+
+|auto_build-7|
+
+Exercise 1 (5-10 mins): Updating and automated building
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+- ``git add``, ``commit`` and ``push`` to your GitHub or Gitlab repo
+- Trigger automatic build with a new tag (2.0) on Docker Hub
+- Pull your Docker image from Docker Hub to a new location.
+- Run the instance to make sure it works
+
+
+Volumes Continued
+=================
+
+Bind mounts
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+When you run a container, you can bring a directory from the host system into the container, and give it a new name and location using the ``-v`` or ``--volume`` flag.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  $ mkdir -p ~/local-data-folder
+  $ echo "some data" >> ~/local-data-folder/data.txt
+  $ docker run -v ${HOME}/local-data-folder:/data $YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/mynotebook:latest cat /data/data.txt
+
+In the example above, you can mount a folder from your localhost, in your home user directory into the container as a new directory named ``/data``.
+
+
+Create and manage volumes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Unlike a bind mount, you can create and manage volumes outside the scope of any container.
+
+A given volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously. When no running container is using a volume, the volume is still available to Docker and is not removed automatically. You can remove unused volumes using ``docker volume prune`` command.
+
+When you create a Docker volume, it is stored within a directory on the Docker Linux host (``/var/lib/docker/``
+
+.. Note::
+  File location on Mac OS X is a bit different: https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/
+
+Let's create a volume
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker volume create my-vol
+
+List volumes:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker volume ls
+
+	local               my-vol
+
+Inspect a volume by looking at the Mount section in the `docker volume inspect`
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker volume inspect my-vol
+	[
+	    {
+	        "Driver": "local",
+	        "Labels": {},
+	        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/my-vol/_data",
+	        "Name": "my-vol",
+	        "Options": {},
+	        "Scope": "local"
+	    }
+	]
+
+Remove a volume
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker volume rm my-vol
+	$ docker volume ls
+
+
+Populate a volume using a container
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+This example starts an ``alpine`` container and populates the new volume ``output-vol`` with the some output created by the container.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	docker volume create output-vol
+	docker run --name=data-app --mount source=output-vol,target=/data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+
+Use ``docker inspect output-vol`` to see where the volume data lives on your host, and then use ``cat`` to confirm that it contains the output created by the container.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	docker volume inspect output-vol
+	sudo cat /var/lib/docker/volumes/output-vol/_data/container-env.txt
+
+You should see something like:
+
+.. code-block::
+
+	HOSTNAME=790e13bba28a
+	SHLVL=1
+	HOME=/root
+	PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
+	PWD=/
+
+After running either of these examples, run the following commands to clean up the container and volume.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	docker rm data-app
+	docker volume rm output-vol
+
+Bind mounts
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+**Bind mounts:** When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the host machine is mounted into a container.
+
+.. tip::
+
+	If you are developing new Docker applications, consider using named **volumes** instead. You can’t use Docker CLI commands to directly manage bind mounts.
+
+|bind_mount|
+
+.. Warning::
+
+	One side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container, including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or directories. This is a powerful ability which can have security implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host system.
+
+	If you use ``--mount`` to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for you, but generates an error.
+
+Start a container with a bind mount
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Create a ``bind-data`` directory in your home directory.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	cd ~
+	mkdir -p ~/bind-data
+
+Run a container, mounting this directory inside the container, and the container should create some data in there.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)"/bind-data,target=/data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+
+Check that the output looks right.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	cat ~/bind-data/container-env.txt
+
+
+Use a read-only bind mount
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+For some development applications, the container needs to write into the bind mount, so changes are propagated back to the Docker host. At other times, the container only needs read access.
+
+This example modifies the one above but mounts the directory as a read-only bind mount, by adding ``ro`` to the (empty by default) list of options, after the mount point within the container. Where multiple options are present, separate them by commas.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	docker run --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)"/bind-data,target=/data,readonly alpine sh -c 'ls -al /data/ && env >> /data/container-env.txt'
+
+You should see an error message about not being able to write to a read-only file system.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	sh: can't create /data/container-env.txt: Read-only file system
+
+
+Docker Compose for multi-container apps
+========================================
+
+`Docker Compose <https://docs.docker.com/compose/>`_ is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. It requires you to have a ``docker-compose.yml`` file.
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Docker for Mac and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so Mac users do not need to install Compose separately.
+	Docker for Windows and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so most Windows users do not need to install Compose separately.
+
+	For Linux users
+
+	.. code-block:: bash
+
+		sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+
+		sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
+
+Main advantages of Docker compose include:
+
+- Your applications can be defined in a YAML file where all the same options required in ``docker run`` are now defined (reproducibility).
+
+- It allows you to manage your application(s) as a single entity rather than dealing with starting individual containers (simplicity).
+
+Let's now create a Docker Compose ``.yml`` that calls Jupyter Lab SciPy
+
+1. Copy or create the ``jupyter_compose`` directory
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ mkdir jupyter_compose && cd jupyter_compose
+
+We will also create ``data/`` and ``notebooks/`` folders to stage our future data and notebook work
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ mkdir jupyter_compose/data
+	$ mkdir jupyter_compose/notebooks
+
+2. Copy or create a ``entry.sh`` and a ``jupyter_notebook_config.json`` in the ``jupyter_compose/`` directory
+
+``entry.sh`` creates an iRODS environment JSON with the user's name and CyVerse (iPlant) zone.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	#!/bin/bash
+
+	echo '{"irods_host": "data.cyverse.org", "irods_port": 1247, "irods_user_name": "$IPLANT_USER", "irods_zone_name": "iplant"}' | envsubst > $HOME/.irods/irods_environment.json
+
+	exec jupyter lab --no-browser
+
+``jupyter_notebook_config.json`` starts the notebook without requiring you to add the token:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	{
+	  "NotebookApp": {
+	    "allow_origin" : "*",
+		"token":"",
+		"password":"",
+	    "nbserver_extensions": {
+	      "jupyterlab": true
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+
+3. create your ``docker-compose.yml`` in the same directory ``jupyter_compose/``
+
+4. Edit the contents of your ``docker-compose.yml``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	version: "3"
+	services:
+	  scipy-notebook:
+	     build: .
+	     image:    jupyter/scipy-notebook
+	     volumes:
+		  - "./notebooks:/notebooks"
+		  - "./data:/data"
+		  - ${LOCAL_WORKING_DIR}:/home/jovyan/work
+	     ports:
+		  - "8888:8888"
+	     container_name:   jupyter_scipy
+	     command: "entry.sh"
+	     restart: always
+
+4. Create a Dockerfile (use the same Jupyter SciPy Notebook as in Advanced Section 1.0)
+
+5. Build the container with ``docker-compose`` instead of ``docker build``
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Handling containers with Docker Compose is fairly simple
+
+	.. code-block:: bash
+
+		docker-compose up
+
+	mounts the directory and starts the container
+
+	.. code-block:: bash
+
+		docker-compose down
+
+	destroys the container
+
+A brief explanation of ``docker-compose.yml`` is as below:
+
+- The web service builds from the Dockerfile in the current directory.
+- Forwards the container’s exposed port to port 8888 on the host.
+- Mounts the project directory on the host to /notebooks inside the container (allowing you to modify code without having to rebuild the image).
+- ``restart: always`` means that it will restart whenever it fails.
+
+5. Run the container
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker-compose up -d
+
+And that’s it! You should be able to see the application running on ``http://localhost:8888`` or ``<ipaddress>:8888``
+
+|docker-compose|
+
diff --git a/old_rst/docker/dockerbuild.rst b/old_rst/docker/dockerbuild.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d48c77f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/docker/dockerbuild.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+.. include:: ../custom_urls.txt
+
+**Docker Build**
+-------------------
+
+Now that we are *relatively* comfortable with Docker, lets look at some advanced Docker topics, such as:
+
+- Push a Docker image to the Docker Hub Registry
+- Modifying a Dockerfile and creating a new container
+- Establish a Docker Hub autobuild on GitHub with CI/CD
+
+1.0 The Dockerfile
+==================
+
+.. Note::
+
+	This is one of the official Docker images provided by the `Jupyter Project <https://jupyter-docker-stacks.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ for you to build your own data science notebooks on:
+
+Create a file called Dockerfile, and add content to it as described below, e.g.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ nano Dockerfile
+
+.. Important::
+
+	``Dockerfile`` needs to be capitalized.
+
+Contents of our ``Dockerfile``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	# base image
+	FROM jupyter/scipy-notebook:latest
+
+	# reset user to root for installing additional packages
+	USER root
+
+	# Install a few dependencies for iCommands, text editing, and monitoring instances
+	RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
+	      apt-transport-https \
+	      gcc \
+	      gnupg \
+	      htop \
+	      less \
+	      libfuse2 \
+	      libpq-dev \
+	      libssl1.0 \
+	      lsb \
+	      nano \
+	      nodejs \
+	      python-requests \
+	      software-properties-common \
+	      vim
+
+	# Install iCommands
+	RUN wget https://files.renci.org/pub/irods/releases/4.1.12/ubuntu14/irods-icommands-4.1.12-ubuntu14-x86_64.deb && \
+    	dpkg -i irods-icommands-4.1.12-ubuntu14-x86_64.deb && \
+    	rm irods-icommands-4.1.12-ubuntu14-x86_64.deb
+
+	# reset container user to jovyan
+	USER jovyan
+
+	# set the work directory
+	WORKDIR /home/jovyan
+
+	# copy configuration json and entry file into the container
+	COPY jupyter_notebook_config.json /opt/conda/etc/jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.json
+	COPY entry.sh /bin
+
+	# expose the public port we want to run on
+	EXPOSE 8888
+
+	# directory will be populated by iCommands when entry.sh is run
+	RUN mkdir -p /home/jovyan/.irods
+
+	ENTRYPOINT ["bash", "/bin/entry.sh"]
+
+.. Note::
+
+   We use a code line escape character ``\`` to allow single line scripts to be written on multiple lines in the Dockerfile.
+
+   We also use the double characters ``&&`` which essentially mean "if true, then do this" while executing the code. The ``&&`` can come at the beginning of a line or the end when used with ``\``
+
+Now let's talk about what each of those lines in the Dockerfile mean.
+
+**1.** We'll start by specifying our base image, using the ``FROM`` statement
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	FROM jupyter/scipy-notebook:latest
+
+**2.** Copy existing files into the new image by using the ``COPY`` statement
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	COPY entry.sh /bin
+	COPY jupyter_notebook_config.json /opt/conda/etc/jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.json
+
+Before we forget, create a new file called ``entry.sh`` -- use your preferred text editor to create the file, e.g. ``nano entry.sh`` and put it in the same directory as ``Dockerfile``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	#!/bin/bash
+
+	echo '{"irods_host": "data.cyverse.org", "irods_port": 1247, "irods_user_name": "$IPLANT_USER", "irods_zone_name": "iplant"}' | envsubst > $HOME/.irods/irods_environment.json
+
+	exec jupyter lab --no-browser
+
+The ``entry.sh`` file creates an iRODS environment ``.json`` which has CyVerse Data Store configurations pre-written. It also tells Docker to start Jupter Lab and to not pop open a browser tab when doing so.
+
+We also create a ``jupyter_notebook_config.json`` which will help launch the notebook without a token
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	{
+	  "NotebookApp": {
+	    "allow_origin" : "*",
+		"token":"",
+		"password":"",
+	    "nbserver_extensions": {
+	      "jupyterlab": true
+	    }
+	  }
+	}
+
+**3.** Specify the port number which needs to be exposed. Since Jupyter runs on 8888 that's what we'll expose.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	EXPOSE 8888
+
+.. Note::
+	What about ``CMD``?
+
+	Notice that unlike some other ``Dockerfile`` this one does not end with a ``CMD`` command statement. This is on purpose.
+
+	**Remember:** The primary purpose of ``CMD`` is to tell the container which command it should run by default when it is started.
+
+	Can you guess what will happen if we don't specify an ``ENTRYPOINT`` or ``CMD``?
+
+**4.** Setting a new entrypoint
+
+When this container is run, it will now use a different default ``ENTRYPOINT`` than the original container from ``jupyter/scipy-notebook:latest``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	ENTRYPOINT ["bash", "/bin/entry.sh"]
+
+This entrypoint runs the shell script ``entry.sh`` which we just copied into the image
+
+.. _Build the image:
+
+A quick summary of the few basic commands we used in our Dockerfiles.
+
+- **FROM** starts the Dockerfile. It is a requirement that the Dockerfile must start with the FROM command. Images are created in layers, which means you can use another image as the base image for your own. The FROM command defines your base layer. As arguments, it takes the name of the image. Optionally, you can add the Dockerhub username of the maintainer and image version, in the format username/imagename:version.
+
+- **RUN** is used to build up the Image you're creating. For each RUN command, Docker will run the command then create a new layer of the image. This way you can roll back your image to previous states easily. The syntax for a RUN instruction is to place the full text of the shell command after the RUN (e.g., RUN mkdir /user/local/foo). This will automatically run in a /bin/sh shell. You can define a different shell like this: RUN /bin/bash -c 'mkdir /user/local/foo'
+
+- **COPY** copies local files into the container.
+
+- **CMD** defines the commands that will run on the Image at start-up. Unlike a RUN, this does not create a new layer for the Image, but simply runs the command. There can only be one CMD per a Dockerfile/Image. If you need to run multiple commands, the best way to do that is to have the CMD run a script. CMD requires that you tell it where to run the command, unlike RUN. So example CMD commands would be:
+
+- **EXPOSE** creates a hint for users of an image which ports provide services. It is included in the information which can be retrieved via ``$ docker inspect <container-id>``.
+
+.. Note::
+
+	The ``EXPOSE`` command does not actually make any ports accessible to the host! Instead, this requires publishing ports by means of the ``-p`` flag when using ``docker run``.
+
+2.0 Docker Build
+================
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Remember to replace ``<DOCKERHUB_USERNAME>`` with your username. This username should be the same one you created when registering on Docker hub.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	DOCKERHUB_USERNAME=<YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME>
+
+For example this is how I assign my dockerhub username
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	DOCKERHUB_USERNAME=tswetnam
+
+Now build the image using the following command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker build -t $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse .
+	Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
+	Step 1/3 : FROM jupyter/minimal-notebook
+	 ---> 36c8dd0e1d8f
+	Step 2/3 : COPY model.py /home/jovyan/work/
+	 ---> b61aefd7a735
+	Step 3/3 : EXPOSE 8888
+	 ---> Running in 519dcabe4eb3
+	Removing intermediate container 519dcabe4eb3
+	 ---> 7983fe164dc6
+	Successfully built 7983fe164dc6
+	Successfully tagged tswetnam/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
+If everything went well, your image should be ready! Run ``docker images`` and see if your image ``$DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse`` shows.
+
+.. _Run your image:
+
+2.1 Test the image
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+When Docker can successfully build your Dockerfile, test it by starting a new container from your new image using the docker run command. Don’t forget to include the port forwarding options you learned about before.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run --rm -it -p 8888:8888 $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
+You should see something like this:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	Executing the command: jupyter notebook
+	[I 07:21:25.396 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /home/jovyan/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret
+	[I 07:21:25.609 NotebookApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from /opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jupyterlab
+	[I 07:21:25.609 NotebookApp] JupyterLab application directory is /opt/conda/share/jupyter/lab
+	[I 07:21:25.611 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/jovyan
+	[I 07:21:25.611 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
+	[I 07:21:25.611 NotebookApp] http://(29a022bb5807 or 127.0.0.1):8888/?token=copy-your-own-token-not-this-one
+	[I 07:21:25.611 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
+	[C 07:21:25.612 NotebookApp]
+
+	    Copy/paste this URL into your browser when you connect for the first time,
+	    to login with a token:
+	        http://(29a022bb5807 or 127.0.0.1):8888/?token=copy-your-own-token-not-this-one
+
+Head over to http://localhost:8888 and your Jupyter notebook server should be running.
+
+Note: Copy the token from your own ``docker run`` output and paste it into the 'Password or token' input box.
+
+.. Note::
+
+	If you want to learn more about Dockerfiles, check out `Best practices for writing Dockerfiles <https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/eng-image/dockerfile_best-practices/>`_.
+
+2.2 Tagging images
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The notation for associating a local image with a repository on a registry is ``username/repository:tag``. The tag is optional, but recommended, since it is the mechanism that registries use to give Docker images a version. Give the repository and tag meaningful names for the context, such as ``get-started:part2``. This will put the image in the ``get-started`` repository and tag it as ``part2``.
+
+.. Note::
+
+	By default the docker image gets a ``latest`` tag if you don't provide one. Thought convenient, it is not recommended for reproducibility purposes.
+
+Now, put it all together to tag the image. Run docker tag image with your username, repository, and tag names so that the image will upload to your desired destination. For our docker image since we already have our Dockerhub username we will just add tag which in this case is ``1.0``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker tag jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
+3.0 Publishing your image
+=========================
+
+3.1 Log into the Docker Hub Registry
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. Note::
+
+	If you don’t have an account, sign up for one at `Docker Cloud <https://cloud.docker.com/>`_ or `Docker Hub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_. Make note of your username -- it may or may not be the same as your email, GitHub, or CyVerse username. There are several advantages to registering with registries like DockerHub which we will see later on in the session.
+
+	If you want to authenticate to a different Registry, type the name of the registry after ``login``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker login <registry-name>
+	Authenticating with existing credentials...
+	WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /home/tswetnam/.docker/config.json.
+	Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
+	https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
+
+	Login Succeeded
+
+If it is your first time logging in you will be queried for your ``username`` and ``password``.
+
+Login with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub or private registry.
+
+If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.
+Upload your tagged image to the Dockerhub repository
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker push $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
+Once complete, the results of this upload are publicly available. If you log in to Docker Hub, you will see the new image there, with its pull command.
+
+|docker_image|
+
+Congrats! You just made your first Docker image and shared it with the world!
+
+3.2 Pull and run the image from the remote repository
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Now run the following command to run the docker image from Dockerhub
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run -p 8888:8888 --name notebooktest $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
+.. Note::
+
+	You don't have to run ``docker pull`` since if the image isn’t available locally on the machine, Docker will pull it from the repository.
+
+Head over to ``http://<vm-address>:8888`` and your app should be live.
+
+3.3 Private repositories
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In an earlier part, we had looked at the Docker Hub, which is a public registry that is hosted by Docker. While the Dockerhub plays an important role in giving public visibility to your Docker images and for you to utilize quality Docker images put up by others, there is a clear need to setup your own private registry too for your team/organization. For example, CyVerse has it own private registry which will be used to push the Docker images.
+
+3.4 Pull down the Registry Image
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+You might have guessed by now that the registry must be available as a Docker image from the Docker Hub and it should be as simple as pulling the image down and running that. You are correct!
+
+A Dockerhub search on the keyword ``registry`` brings up the following image as the top result:
+
+|private_registry|
+
+Run a container from ``registry`` Dockerhub image
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --name registry registry:2
+
+Run ``docker ps --latest`` to check the recent container from this Docker image
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker ps --latest
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
+	6e44a0459373        registry:2          "/entrypoint.sh /e..."   11 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds       0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp   registry
+
+Tag the image that you want to push
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Next step is to tag your image under the registry namespace and push it there
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ REGISTRY=localhost:5000
+
+	$ docker tag $DOCKERHUB_USERNAME/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse $REGISTRY/$(whoami)/mynotebook:1.0
+
+Publish the image into the local registry
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Finally push the image to the local registry
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker push $REGISTRY/$(whoami)/mynotebook:1.0
+	The push refers to a repository [localhost:5000/julianp/mynotebook]
+	64436820c85c: Pushed
+	831cff83ec9e: Pushed
+	c3497b2669a8: Pushed
+	1c5b16094682: Pushed
+	c52044a91867: Pushed
+	60ab55d3379d: Pushed
+	1.0: digest: sha256:5095dea8b2cf308c5866ef646a0e84d494a00ff0e9b2c8e8313a176424a230ce size: 1572
+
+Pull and run the image from the local repository
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+You can also pull the image from the local repository similar to how you pull it from Dockerhub and run a container from it
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run -P --name=mynotebooklocal $REGISTRY/$(whoami)/jupyterlab-scipy:cyverse
+
diff --git a/old_rst/docker/dockerhandson.rst b/old_rst/docker/dockerhandson.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f6a63fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/docker/dockerhandson.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+**Docker hands-on exercises**
+-----------------------------
+
+Use case 1: Deploy a custom Docker image
+========================================
+
+- Download the sample code from https://github.com/Azure-Samples/docker-django-webapp-linux.git
+
+- Build the image using the Dockerfile in that repo using ``docker build`` command
+
+- Run an instance from that image
+
+- Verify the web app and container are functioning correctly
+
+Use case 2: Simple Bioinformatics example
+=========================================
+
+Let's say if you find a cool tool/software and want to run it on your computer and as we found out in the morning session, it's not always easy to install the tool onto your computer or on a server natively. Since this workshop is about containers, let's containerize this tool.
+
+For this simple hands-on exercise, let's containerize ``fastqe`` tool - https://github.com/lonsbio/fastqe. For those of you who are not from Bioinformatics, this tool generates read one or more FASTQ files, then it will compute quality stats for each file and print those stats as emoji... for some reason.
+
+|fastqe|
+
+Given a fastq file in Illumina 1.8+/Sanger format, calculate the mean (rounded) score for each position and print a corresponding emoji!
+
+.. Tip::
+	
+	Natively you would install this tool like ``pip install fastqe``. Now think of how you can dockerize this with appropriate base image and dependencies
+
+After dockerizing the tool, for this exercise we don't have to bind mount the volume but just print the `fastqe` help and make sure that it is actually working.
+
+.. Tip::
+
+	Natively you would print the help of the tool as ``fastqe -h``
+1. Data Management Hands-on
+===========================
+
+Form the "Introduction to Docker" session this morning, we learned that a running Docker container is an isolated environment created from a Docker image.  This means, although it is possible to store data within the "writable layer" of a container, there are some limitations:
+
+- The data doesn't persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it.
+
+- A container's writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can't easily move the data somewhere else.
+
+Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host: **volumes**, **bind mounts**, or **tmpfs volumes**.  For simplicity, we will only use bind mounts in our hands-on session, even though volumes is the more powerful and usable option for most use cases.
+
+1.1 Bind mounts
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+**Bind mounts:** When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the host machine is mounted into a container.
+
+.. image:: ../img/bind_mount.png
+  :scale: 100%
+  :align: center
+
+.. Warning::
+
+	A side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container, including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or directories.  This is a powerful ability which can have security implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host system.
+
+	If you use ``--mount`` to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for you, but generates an error.
+
+Let's clone a git repository to obtain our data sets:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ git clone https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/ccw-2019-astro.git
+
+We can ``cd`` into the HOPS work directory, and mount it to ``/root`` as we launch the ``eventhorizontelescope/hops`` container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ cd ccw-2019-astro/hops
+	$ ls
+	1234
+	$ docker run -it --rm --name hops -v $PWD:/root eventhorizontelescope/hops
+	Setup HOPS v3.19 with HOPS_ROOT=/root for x86_64-3.19
+
+You will start at the ``/root`` work directory and the host data ``1234`` is available in it:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ pwd
+	/root
+	$ ls
+	1234
+
+You can open another terminal and use ``docker inspect hops | grep -A9 Mounts`` to verify that the bind mount was created correctly.  Looking for the "Mounts" section,
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker inspect hops | grep -A9 Mounts
+        "Mounts": [
+            {
+                "Type": "bind",
+                "Source": "/Users/ckchan/ccw-2019-astro/hops",
+                "Destination": "/root",
+                "Mode": "",
+                "RW": true,
+                "Propagation": "rprivate"
+            }
+        ],
+
+This shows that the mount is a bind mount with correct source and target.  It also shows that the mount is read-write, and that the propagation is set to rprivate.
+
+Use case 1: Processing VLBI data with HOPS in Docker
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+HOPS stands for the Haystack Observatory Postprocessing System.  It is a standard data analysis tool in Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI).  HOPS has a long history and it depends on legacy libraries.  This makes it difficult to compile on modern Unix/Linux systems.  Nevertheless, with Docker, you **have** already launched a HOPS envirnment that you can analysis VLBI data!
+
+The most basic step in analysis VLBI is called "fringe fitting", which we will perform in the running HOPS container by
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ ls 1234/No0055/
+	3C279.zxxerd  L..zxxerd  LL..zxxerd  LW..zxxerd  W..zxxerd  WW..zxxerd
+	$ fourfit 1234
+	fourfit: Warning: No valid data for this pass for pol 2
+	fourfit: Warning: No valid data for this pass for pol 3
+	$ ls 1234/No0055/
+	3C279.zxxerd  LL..zxxerd     LL.B.2.zxxerd  LW.B.3.zxxerd  W..zxxerd   WW.B.5.zxxerd
+	L..zxxerd     LL.B.1.zxxerd  LW..zxxerd     LW.B.4.zxxerd  WW..zxxerd
+
+``fourfit`` reads in the correlated data and create the so called "fringe files".  The warnings are normal because there are missing polarizations in the data.  In order to see the result of the fringe fitting, you can use ``fplot``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ fplot -d %04d.ps 1234
+	$ ls
+	0000.ps  0001.ps  0002.ps  0003.ps  0004.ps  1234
+
+Congratulations!  You just created 4 fringe plots that show all important information of the VLBI experiment!  Now you can exit your HOPS container and open them on your host machine.
+
+2. Jupyter Notebook Hands-on
+============================
+
+Mounting a host directory is one way to make a container connect with the outside work.  Another possible is through network by exposing a port.
+
+Use case 2: Processing Galaxy Simulation with Jupyter in Docker
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In this second hands-on, we will use Docker to run a "ready to go" Jupyter notebook in a container.  We will expose the port 8888 from the container to the localhost so that you can connect to the notebook.
+
+Inside the ``ccw-2019-astro`` git repository that you downloaded earlier, there is a sample Galaxy simulation:
+
+.. code-block :: bash
+
+	$ pwd
+	/Users/ckchan/ccw-2019-astro/hops
+	$ cd ../galaxy/
+	$ pwd
+	/Users/ckchan/ccw-2019-astro/galaxy
+
+	# Specify the uid of the jovyan user.  Useful to mount host volumes with specific file ownership.  For this option to take effect, you must run the container with --user root
+
+	$ docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/home/jovyan/work -p 8888:8888 -e NB_UID=$(id -u) --user root astrocontainers/jupyter
+	Set username to: jovyan
+	usermod: no changes
+	Set jovyan UID to: 1329
+	Executing the command: jupyter notebook
+	[I 23:36:09.446 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /home/jovyan/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret
+	[W 23:36:09.686 NotebookApp] WARNING: The notebook server is listening on all IP addresses and not using encryption. This is not recommended.
+	[I 23:36:09.722 NotebookApp] JupyterLab beta preview extension loaded from /opt/conda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/jupyterlab
+	[I 23:36:09.722 NotebookApp] JupyterLab application directory is /opt/conda/share/jupyter/lab
+	[I 23:36:09.730 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/jovyan
+	[I 23:36:09.730 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels
+	[I 23:36:09.730 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
+	[I 23:36:09.730 NotebookApp] http://[all ip addresses on your system]:8888/?token=a81dbeec92b286df393bb484fdf53efffab410fd64ec8702
+	[I 23:36:09.730 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
+	[C 23:36:09.731 NotebookApp]
+	Copy/paste this URL into your browser when you connect for the first time,
+    to login with a token:
+    	http://localhost:8888/?token=dfb50de6c1da091fd62336ac52cdb88de5fe339eb0faf478
+
+The last line is a URL that we need to copy and paste into our browser to access our new Jupyter Notebook:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	http://localhost:8888/?token=dfb50de6c1da091fd62336ac52cdb88de5fe339eb0faf478
+
+.. warning::
+
+	Do not copy and paste the above URL in your browser as this URL is specific to my environment.
+
+.. image:: ../img/jn_login.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 294
+  :align: center
+
+You should be greeted by your own containerised Jupyter service!  Now open ``galaxy/InClassLab7_Template_wSolutions.ipynb`` and try analysis a Galaxy simulation!
+
+.. image:: ../img/jn_galaxy.png
+  :width: 700
+  :height: 510
+  :align: center
+
+To shut down the container, simply hit ``Ctrl-C`` in the terminal/command prompt twice.  Your work will all be saved on your actual machine in the path we set in our Docker compose file.  And there you have it---a quick and easy way to start using Jupyter notebooks with the magic of Docker.
+
+.. |fastqe| image:: ../img/fastqe.png
+	:width: 700
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/old_rst/docker/dockerintro.rst b/old_rst/docker/dockerintro.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48313b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/docker/dockerintro.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+.. include:: ../custom_urls.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Introduction to Docker**
+--------------------------
+
+|docker|
+
+Prerequisites
+=============
+
+There are no specific skills needed for this tutorial beyond a basic comfort with the command line and using a text editor.
+
+..
+	* Install Docker on your laptop:
+..
+	- `Mac <https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/>`_
+	- `Windows <https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/>`_
+	- `Ubuntu <https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/>`_
+..
+	* Install Docker on a featured Atmosphere image:
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ ezd
+
+
+Open an Atmosphere instance
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+1. Go to |Atmosphere| and log in with your CyVerse credentials.
+ 
+2. Click on 'projects' tab at the top of the page.
+
+3. You should have a project called 'Conatainer Camp 2021'; click on that tile.
+
+4. You should already have a running instance called **Ubuntu 18_04 NoDesktop Base**. To confirm this look for a green dot and the word 'Active' under 'status'.
+
+ |atmoactive|
+
+5. Copy the IP address for your instance
+
+6. Open a terminal on your computer
+
+7. Connect to your Atmoshere instance via ssh **using the IP address you copied**
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ ssh <cyverse_username>@128.196.142.89
+
+8. You will be asked if you are sure you want to continue--say **yes**.
+
+   |atmoauth|
+
+9. If you see something like this (below) then you have successfully logged into your Atmophere instance.
+
+   |atmosuccess|
+ 
+.. Note::
+
+	Install Docker
+	^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+	Installing Docker on your computer takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup. |How to install Docker|. 
+
+	Docker installation is much easier on an Atmosphere instance with the 'ezd' command.
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+    	$ ezd
+    
+Docker pull
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+Go to |dockerhub| and search for 'hello-world' in the search bar at the top of the page. 
+
+|hubfind1|
+
+Click on the 'tag' tab to see all the available 'hello-world' images. 
+
+Click the 'copy' icon at the right to copy the docker pull command that we will need on the command line.
+
+
+Now you will need to pull the image from the registry onto your computer. Use the 'docker pull' command you copied from the registry above. 
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Depending on how and where you've installed Docker, you may see a ``permission denied`` error after running the ``$ docker run helo-world`` command. If you're on Linux, you may need to prefix your Docker commands with ``sudo``. Alternatively to run docker command without ``sudo``, you need to add your user name (who has root privileges) to the docker "group".
+
+	Create the docker group::
+
+	$ sudo groupadd docker
+
+	Add your user to the docker group::
+
+	$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
+
+	Log out or close terminal and log back in and your group membership will be initiated
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker pull hello-world:latest
+
+Now list the files in your current working directory
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ ls -l
+
+Where is the image you just pulled? 
+Docker saves container images to the Docker directory (where Docker is installed). You won't ever see them in your working directory.
+
+Use 'docker images' to see all the images on your computer:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker images
+
+----
+
+Docker Run
+==============
+
+The single most common command that you'll use with Docker is ``docker run`` (`help manual <https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/run/>`_).
+
+``docker run`` starts a container and executes the default entrypoint, or any other command line statement that follows ``run``.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+ 
+    $ docker run hello-world:latest
+
+    Hello from Docker!
+    This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
+
+    To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
+     1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
+     2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
+    (amd64)
+     3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
+     executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
+     4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
+     to your terminal.
+
+    To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
+     $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
+
+    Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
+     https://hub.docker.com/
+
+    For more examples and ideas, visit:
+     https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
+
+.. Note::
+
+	To find out more about a Docker images, run ``docker inspect hello-world``.
+
+In the demo above, you used the ``docker pull`` command to download the ``hello-world`` image first.
+
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run alpine:latest ls -l
+	total 52
+	drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Dec 26  2016 bin
+	drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root           340 Jan 28 09:52 dev
+	drwxr-xr-x   14 root     root          4096 Jan 28 09:52 etc
+	drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Dec 26  2016 home
+	drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root          4096 Dec 26  2016 lib
+	drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root          4096 Dec 26  2016 media
+        .........
+
+When you executed the command ``docker run alpine``, Docker looked for the image, did not find it, and then ran a ``docker pull`` behind the scenes to download the ``alpine`` image with the ``:latest`` tag.
+
+When you run ``docker run alpine``, you provided a command ``ls -l``, so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing of the alpine file system.
+
+You can use the ``docker images`` command to see a list of all the cached images on your system:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker images
+	REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
+	alpine                 	latest              c51f86c28340        4 weeks ago         1.109 MB
+	hello-world             latest              690ed74de00f        5 months ago        960 B
+
+..
+	As we covered in the `previous section <./findingcontainers.html>`_, containers can be found in "registries" (such as the Docker Hub). You can also build your own container, but we'll cover that tomorrow (See `Advanced Section <./dockeradvanced.html>`_).
+..
+	When you're looking for the right container, you can search for images within a given registry directly from the command line using ``docker search`` (after you've logged into that registry).
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ docker search ubuntu
+	  NAME                                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
+	  ubuntu                                                 Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   7310                [OK]
+	  dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc                         Ubuntu with openssh-server and NoVNC            163                                     [OK]
+	  rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd                                 Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi…   131                                     [OK]
+	  ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible                            Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible                   90                                      [OK]
+	  ubuntu-upstart                                         Upstart is an event-based replacement for th…   81                  [OK]
+	  neurodebian                                            NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s…   43                  [OK]
+	  ubuntu-debootstrap                                     debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m…   35                  [OK]
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5   ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5          26                                      [OK]
+	  nuagebec/ubuntu                                        Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images w…   22                                      [OK]
+	  tutum/ubuntu                                           Simple Ubuntu docker images with SSH access     18
+	  ppc64le/ubuntu                                         Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   11
+	  i386/ubuntu                                            Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   9
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0                 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0                        7                                       [OK]
+	  eclipse/ubuntu_jdk8                                    Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, …   5                                       [OK]
+	  darksheer/ubuntu                                       Base Ubuntu Image -- Updated hourly             3                                       [OK]
+	  codenvy/ubuntu_jdk8                                    Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, …   3                                       [OK]
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4      ubuntu-16-nginx-php-5.6-wordpress-4             2                                       [OK]
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx                          ubuntu-16-nginx                                 2                                       [OK]
+	  pivotaldata/ubuntu                                     A quick freshening-up of the base Ubuntu doc…   1
+	  smartentry/ubuntu                                      ubuntu with smartentry                          0                                       [OK]
+	  pivotaldata/ubuntu-gpdb-dev                            Ubuntu images for GPDB development              0
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-healthcheck                    ubuntu-16-healthcheck                           0                                       [OK]
+	  thatsamguy/ubuntu-build-image                          Docker webapp build images based on Ubuntu      0
+	  ossobv/ubuntu                                          Custom ubuntu image from scratch (based on o…   0
+	  1and1internet/ubuntu-16-sshd                           ubuntu-16-sshd                                  0                                       [OK]
+
+
+
+
+Images need to have an ``ENTRYPOINT`` set in their Dockerfile recipe in order for them to return a result when they are run. The ``hello-world`` image echos out the statement that it is present when it executes.
+
+You can change the entrypoint of a container by making a statement after the ``repository/container_name:tag``:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run alpine echo "Hello world"
+	Hello world
+
+In this case, the Docker client dutifully ran the ``echo`` command in our ``alpine`` container and then exited. If you've noticed, all of that happened pretty quickly. Imagine booting up a virtual machine, running a command and then killing it. Now you know why they say containers are fast!
+
+Now it's time to see the ``docker ps`` command which shows you all containers that are currently running.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker ps
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
+
+Since no containers are running, you see a blank line. Let's try a more useful variant: ``docker ps --all``
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker ps --all
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
+	36171a5da744        alpine              "/bin/sh"                5 minutes ago       Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                        fervent_newton
+	a6a9d46d0b2f        alpine             "echo 'hello from alp"    6 minutes ago       Exited (0) 6 minutes ago                        lonely_kilby
+	ff0a5c3750b9        alpine             "ls -l"                   8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 8 minutes ago                        elated_ramanujan
+	c317d0a9e3d2        hello-world         "/hello"                 34 seconds ago      Exited (0) 12 minutes ago                       stupefied_mcclintock
+
+What you see above is a list of all containers that you ran. Notice that the STATUS column shows that these containers exited a few minutes ago.
+
+Try another command, this time to access the container as a shell:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run alpine:latest sh
+
+Wait, nothing happened! Is that a bug? Well, no.
+
+The container will exit after running any scripted commands such as ``sh``, unless they are run in an "interactive" terminal (TTY) - so for this example to not exit, you need to add the ``-i`` for interactive and ``-t`` for TTY. You can run them both in a single flag as ``-it``, which is the more common way of adding the flag:
+
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker run -it alpine:latest sh
+	/ # ls
+	bin    dev    etc    home   lib    media  mnt    proc   root   run    sbin   srv    sys    tmp    usr    var
+	/ # uname -a
+	Linux de4bbc3eeaec 4.9.49-moby #1 SMP Wed Sep 27 23:17:17 UTC 2017 x86_64 Linux
+
+The prompt should change to something more like ``/ # `` -- You are now running a shell inside the container. Try out a few commands like ``ls -l``, ``uname -a`` and others.
+
+Exit out of the container by giving the ``exit`` command.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	/ # exit
+
+.. Note::
+
+	If you type ``exit`` your **container** will exit and is no longer active. To check that, try the following::
+
+		$ docker ps --latest
+		CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                          PORTS                    NAMES
+		de4bbc3eeaec        alpine                "/bin/sh"                3 minutes ago       Exited (0) About a minute ago                            pensive_leavitt
+..
+	If you want to keep the container active, then you can use keys ``ctrl +p`` ``ctrl +q``. To make sure that it is not exited run the same ``docker ps --latest`` command again::
+..
+		$ docker ps --latest
+		CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS                    NAMES
+		0db38ea51a48        alpine                "sh"                     3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                            elastic_lewin
+..
+	Now if you want to get back into that container, then you can type ``docker attach <container id>``. This way you can save your container::
+..
+		$ docker attach 0db38ea51a48
+
+House Keeping and Cleaning Up
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Docker images are cached on your machine in the location where Docker was installed. These image files are not visible in the same directory where you might have used ``docker pull <imagename>``.
+
+Some Docker images can be large. Especially Data Science images with many libraries and packages pre-installed.
+
+.. Important::
+
+	Pulling many images from the Docker Registries may fill up your hard disk!
+
+To inspect your system and disk use:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker system info
+
+	$ docker system df
+
+To find out how many images are on your machine, type:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker images --help
+
+To remove images that you no longer need, type:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker system prune --help
+
+This is where it becomes important to differentiate between *images*, *containers*, and *volumes* (which we'll get to more in a bit). You can take care of all of the dangling images and containers on your system. Note, that ``prune`` will not remove your cached *images*
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+		$ docker system prune
+	WARNING! This will remove:
+	  - all stopped containers
+	  - all networks not used by at least one container
+	  - all dangling images
+	  - all dangling build cache
+
+	Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N]
+
+If you add the ``-af`` flag it will remove "all" ``-a`` dangling images, empty containers, AND ALL CACHED IMAGES with "force" ``-f``.
+
+Managing Docker images
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In the previous example, you pulled the ``alpine`` image from the registry and asked the Docker client to run a container based on that image. To see the list of images that are available locally on your system, run the ``docker images`` command.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker images
+	REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
+	ubuntu                     bionic              47b19964fb50        4 weeks ago         88.1MB
+	alpine                     latest              caf27325b298        4 weeks ago         5.53MB
+	hello-world                latest              fce289e99eb9        2 months ago        1.84kB
+	.........
+
+Above is a list of images that I've pulled from the registry and those I've created myself (we'll shortly see how). You will have a different list of images on your machine. The **TAG** refers to a particular snapshot of the image and the **ID** is the corresponding unique identifier for that image.
+
+For simplicity, you can think of an image akin to a Git repository - images can be committed with changes and have multiple versions. When you do not provide a specific version number, the client defaults to latest.
+
+..
+	Pulling and Running a JupyterLab or RStudio-Server
+	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+..
+	In this section, let's find a Docker image which can run a Jupyter Notebook
+..
+	Search for official images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'jupyter'
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ docker search jupyter
+	NAME                                    DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
+	jupyter/datascience-notebook            Jupyter Notebook Data Science Stack from htt…   611
+	jupyter/all-spark-notebook              Jupyter Notebook Python, Scala, R, Spark, Me…   276
+	jupyterhub/jupyterhub                   JupyterHub: multi-user Jupyter notebook serv…   237                                     [OK]
+	jupyter/scipy-notebook                  Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack fro…   227
+	jupyter/tensorflow-notebook             Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack w/ …   201
+	jupyter/pyspark-notebook                Jupyter Notebook Python, Spark, Mesos Stack …   142
+	jupyter/minimal-notebook                Minimal Jupyter Notebook Stack from https://…   96
+	jupyter/base-notebook                   Small base image for Jupyter Notebook stacks…   95
+	jupyterhub/singleuser                   single-user docker images for use with Jupyt…   30                                      [OK]
+	jupyter/r-notebook                      Jupyter Notebook R Stack from https://github…   30
+	jupyter/nbviewer                        Jupyter Notebook Viewer                         22                                      [OK]
+	mikebirdgeneau/jupyterlab               Jupyterlab based on python / alpine linux wi…   21                                      [OK]
+	jupyter/demo                            (DEPRECATED) Demo of the IPython/Jupyter Not…   14
+	eboraas/jupyter                         Jupyter Notebook (aka IPython Notebook) with…   12                                      [OK]
+	jupyterhub/k8s-hub                                                                      11
+	nbgallery/jupyter-alpine                Alpine Jupyter server with nbgallery integra…   9
+	jupyter/repo2docker                     Turn git repositories into Jupyter enabled D…   7
+	jupyterhub/configurable-http-proxy      node-http-proxy + REST API                      5                                       [OK]
+	...
+..
+	Search for images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'rstudio'
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ docker search rstudio
+..
+	NAME                                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
+	rocker/rstudio                            RStudio Server image                            289                                     [OK]
+	opencpu/rstudio                           OpenCPU stable release with rstudio-server (…   29                                      [OK]
+	rocker/rstudio-stable                     Build RStudio based on a debian:stable (debi…   16                                      [OK]
+	dceoy/rstudio-server                      RStudio Server                                  8                                       [OK]
+	rocker/rstudio-daily                                                                      6                                       [OK]
+	rstudio/r-base                            Docker Images for R                             6
+	rstudio/r-session-complete                Images for sessions and jobs in RStudio Serv…   4
+	rstudio/rstudio-server-pro                Default Docker image for RStudio Server Pro     1
+	aghorbani/rstudio-h2o                     An easy way to start rstudio and H2O to run …   1                                       [OK]
+	centerx/rstudio-pro                       NA                                              1                                       [OK]
+	mobilizingcs/rstudio                      RStudio container with mz packages pre-insta…   1                                       [OK]
+	calpolydatascience/rstudio-notebook       RStudio notebook                                1                                       [OK]
+	...
+..
+	Interactive Containers
+	^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+..
+	Let's go ahead and run some basic Integraded Development Environment images from "trusted" organizations on the Docker Hub registry.
+..
+	When we want to run a container that runs on the open internet, we need to add a `TCP or UDP port number <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers>`_ from which we can access the application in a browser using the machine's IP (Internet Protocol) address or DNS (Domain Name Service) location.
+..
+	Here are some examples to run basic RStudio and Jupyter Lab:
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2020 rocker/rstudio
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$docker run --rm -p 8888:888 jupyter/base-notebook
+
+.. Note::
+
+	We've added the ``--rm`` flag, which means the container will automatically removed from the cache when the container is exited.
+
+	When you start an IDE in a terminal, the terminal connection must stay active to keep the container alive.
+..
+	If we want to keep our window in the foreground  we can use the ``-d`` - the *detached* flag will run the container as a background process, rather than in the foreground. When you run a container with this flag, it will start, run, telling you the container ID:
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ docker run --rm -d -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+..
+	Unable to find image 'jupyter/base-notebook:latest' locally
+	latest: Pulling from jupyter/base-notebook
+	5c939e3a4d10: Pull complete
+	c63719cdbe7a: Pull complete
+	19a861ea6baf: Pull complete
+	651c9d2d6c4f: Pull complete
+	21b673dc817c: Pull complete
+	1594017be8ef: Pull complete
+	b392f2c5ed42: Pull complete
+	8e4f6538155b: Pull complete
+	7952536f4b86: Pull complete
+	61032726be98: Pull complete
+	3fc223ec0a58: Pull complete
+	23a29aed8d6e: Pull complete
+	25ed667252a0: Pull complete
+	434b2237517c: Pull complete
+	d33fb9062f74: Pull complete
+	fdc8c4d68c3d: Pull complete
+	Digest: sha256:3b8ec8c8e8be8023f3eeb293bbcb1d80a71d2323ae40680d698e2620e14fdcbc
+	Status: Downloaded newer image for jupyter/base-notebook:latest
+	561016e4e69e22cf2f3b5ff8cbaa229779c2bdf3bdece89b66957f3f3bc5b734
+	$
+
+Note, that your terminal is still active and you can use it to launch more containers. To view the running container, use the ``docker ps`` command
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker ps
+	CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                   COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                             NAMES
+	561016e4e69e        jupyter/base-notebook   "tini -g -- start-no…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   8888/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8888->888/tcp   affectionate_banzai
+..
+	What if we want a Docker container to `always (re)start <https://docs.docker.com/config/containers/start-containers-automatically/>`_, even after we reboot our machine?
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$ docker run --restart always
+
+Managing Data in Docker
+==========================
+
+It is possible to store data within the writable layer of a container, but there are some limitations:
+
+- The data doesn’t persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it.
+
+- A container’s writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can’t easily move the data somewhere else.
+
+- Its better to put your data into the container **AFTER** it is built - this keeps the container size smaller and easier to move across networks.
+
+Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host:
+
+  * **volumes**
+
+  * **bind mounts**
+
+  * **tmpfs volumes**
+
+When in doubt, volumes are almost always the right choice.
+
+Volumes
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+|volumes|
+
+Volumes are often a better choice than persisting data in a container’s writable layer, because using a volume does not increase the size of containers using it, and the volume’s contents exist outside the lifecycle of a given container. While bind mounts (which we will see later) are dependent on the directory structure of the host machine, volumes are completely managed by Docker. Volumes have several advantages over bind mounts:
+
+- Volumes are easier to back up or migrate than bind mounts.
+- You can manage volumes using Docker CLI commands or the Docker API.
+- Volumes work on both Linux and Windows containers.
+- Volumes can be more safely shared among multiple containers.
+- A new volume’s contents can be pre-populated by a container.
+..
+	.. Note::
+..
+	If your container generates non-persistent state data, consider using a ``tmpfs`` mount to avoid storing the data anywhere permanently, and to increase the container’s performance by avoiding writing into the container’s writable layer.
+
+First we need to get some data on our local machine (Atmosphere).
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ iinit
+
+    Enter the host name (DNS) of the server to connect to: data.cyverse.org
+    Enter the port number: 1247
+    Enter your irods user name: your_cyverse_username
+    Enter your irods zone: iplant
+
+
+    $ iget -r /iplant/home/shared/iplant_training/read_cleanup
+
+    $ ls -l 
+
+Choose the -v flag for mounting volumes
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+``-v`` or ``--volume``: Consists of three fields, separated by colon characters (:). The fields must be in the correct order, and the meaning of each field is not immediately obvious.
+
+- The first field is the path on your local machine that where the data are.
+- The second field is the path where the file or directory are mounted in the container.
+- The third field is optional, and is a comma-separated list of options, such as ``ro``.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   -v /home/username/your_data_folder:/container_folder
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ docker run -v /home/amcooksey/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest ls -l /work
+
+
+So what if we wanted to work interactively inside the container?
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ docker run -it -v /home/amcooksey/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest sh
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ ls -l 
+
+    $ ls -l work
+
+..
+	.. Note::
+..
+	Originally, the ``-v`` or ``--volume`` flag was used for standalone containers and the ``--mount`` flag was used for swarm services. However, starting with Docker 17.06, you can also use ``--mount`` with standalone containers. In general, ``--mount`` is more explicit and verbose. The biggest difference is that the ``-v`` syntax combines all the options together in one field, while the ``--mount`` syntax separates them. Here is a comparison of the syntax for each flag.
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/work -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2020 rocker/rstudio
+..
+	In the Jupyter Lab example, we use the ``-e`` environmental flag to re-direct the URL of the container at the localhost
+..
+	.. code-block:: bash
+..
+	$docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/work -p 8888:8888 -e REDIRECT_URL=http://localhost:8888 jupyter/base-notebook
+
+Once you're in the container, you will see that the ``/work`` directory is mounted in the working directory.
+
+Any data that you add to that folder outside the container will appear INSIDE the container. And any work you do inside the container saved in that folder will be saved OUTSIDE the container as well.
+
+Docker Commands
+===============
+
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| Command        |          Usage                                 |
++================+================================================+
+| docker pull    |  Download an image from Docker Hub             |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker run     |  *Usage:* ``docker run -it user/image:tag``    |
+|                |  starts a container with an entrypoint         |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker build   | *Usage:* ``docker build -t user/image:tag .``  |
+|                |  Builds a docker image from a Dockerfile in    |
+|                |  current working directory. ``-t`` for tagname |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker images  |  List all images on the local machine          |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker tag     |  Add a new tag to an image                     |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker login   |  Authenticate to the Docker Hub                |
+|                |  requires username and password                |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker push    |  *Usage:* ``docker push user/image:tag``       |
+|                |  Upload an image to Docker Hub                 |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker inspect |  *Usage:* ``docker inspect containerID``       |
+|                |  Provide detailed information on constructs    |
+|                |  controlled by Docker                          |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker ps -a   |  List all containers on your system            |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker rm      |  *Usage:* ``docker rm -f <container>``         |
+|                |  Deletes a *container*                         |
+|                |  ``-f`` remove running container               |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker rmi     |  Deletes an *image*                            |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker stop    |  *Usage:* ``docker stop <container>``          |
+|                |  Stop a running container                      |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| docker system  |  *Usage:* ``docker system prune``		  |
+|                |  Remove old images and cached layers		  |
+|                |  *Usage:* ``docker system df``		  |
+|                |  View system details (cache size)              |
++----------------+------------------------------------------------+
+
+Getting more help with Docker
+=============================
+
+- The command line tools are very well documented:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker --help
+   # shows all docker options and summaries
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+   $ docker COMMAND --help
+   # shows options and summaries for a particular command
+
+- Learn `more about docker <https://docs.docker.com/get-started/>`_
+.. 
+ 4. Extra Demos
+ ==============
+..
+ 4.1 Portainer
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+..
+ `Portainer <https://portainer.io/>`_ is an open-source lightweight managment UI which allows you to easily manage your Docker hosts or Swarm cluster.
+..
+ - Simple to use: It has never been so easy to manage Docker. Portainer provides a detailed overview of Docker and allows you to manage containers, images, networks and volumes. It is also really easy to deploy, you are just one Docker command away from running Portainer anywhere.
+..
+ - Made for Docker: Portainer is meant to be plugged on top of the Docker API. It has support for the latest versions of Docker, Docker Swarm and Swarm mode.
+..
+ 4.1.1 Installation
+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+..
+ Use the following Docker commands to deploy Portainer. Now the second line of command should be familiar to you by now. We will talk about first line of command in the Advanced Docker session.
+..
+ .. code-block:: bash
+..
+	# on CyVerse Atmosphere:
+	$ ezd -p
+..
+	$ docker volume create portainer_data
+..
+	$ docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer
+..
+ - If you are on mac, you'll just need to access the port 9000 (http://localhost:9000) of the Docker engine where portainer is running using username ``admin`` and   password ``tryportainer``
+..
+ - If you are running Docker on Atmosphere/Jetstream or on any other cloud, you can open ``ipaddress:9000``. For my case this is ``http://128.196.142.26:9000``
+..
+ .. Note::
+..
+	The ``-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock`` option can be used in Mac/Linux environments only.
+..
+ |portainer_demo|
+..
+ 4.2 Play-with-docker (PWD)
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+..
+ `PWD <https://labs.play-with-docker.com/>`_ is a Docker playground which allows users to run Docker commands in a matter of seconds. It gives the experience of having a free Alpine Linux Virtual Machine in browser, where you can build and run Docker containers and even create clusters in `Docker Swarm Mode <https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/>`_. Under the hood, Docker-in-Docker (DinD) is used to give the effect of multiple VMs/PCs. In addition to the playground, PWD also includes a training site composed of a large set of Docker labs and quizzes from beginner to advanced level available at `training.play-with-docker.com <https://training.play-with-docker.com/>`_.
+..
+ 4.2.1 Installation
+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+..
+ You don't have to install anything to use PWD. Just open ``https://labs.play-with-docker.com/`` <https://labs.play-with-docker.com/>`_ and start using PWD
+..
+ .. Note::
+..
+	You can use your Dockerhub credentials to log-in to PWD
+..
+ |pwd|
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation**
+
+- Search for an answer:
+   |CyVerse Learning Center|
+- Ask us for help:
+  click |Intercom| on the lower right-hand side of the page
+- Report an issue or submit a change:
+  |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+===================================================================
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/old_rst/docker/findingcontainers.rst b/old_rst/docker/findingcontainers.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af814510
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/docker/findingcontainers.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+.. include:: ../custom_urls.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+
+**Finding the perfect container** 
+============================
+
+Chances are a Docker *image* already exists for the application you use in your research. Rather than starting from scratch and creating your own *image*, you need to know where to look for existing images. 
+
+.. Important::
+
+	But wait, what are the differences in a *container* and an *image*? An important distinction must be made with regard to *base images* and *child images*, *official images* and *user images* 
+
+	**container** - Running instance of an *image* — the *container* runs the actual processes. A container includes an application and all of its dependencies. It shares its kernel with other containers, and runs as an isolated process in the space on the host OS. 
+
+	**layer** - an intermediate image, the result of a single set of build commands. A Docker image is built from layers.
+	
+	**image** - The file system and configuration of an application which is used to create the container. 
+	
+	**tag** - identifies exact version of the image. If a tag is not given, by default the ``:latest`` tag will be used.
+	
+	**base image** - have no parent image, usually images with an OS like ubuntu, alpine or debian.
+
+	**child image** - build on base images, added layers with additional functionality.
+
+	**official image** - Sanctioned images. Docker, Inc. sponsors a dedicated team that is responsible for reviewing and publishing all Official Repositories content. This team works in collaboration with upstream software maintainers, security experts, and the broader Docker community. These are not prefixed by an organization or user name. In the Docker Hub the ``python``, ``node``, ``alpine``, and ``nginx`` images are official (base) images. To find out more about them, check out the `Official Docker Images Documentation <https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/official_images/>`_.
+    
+    	**publisher image:** - Certified images that also include support and guarantee compatibility with Docker Enterprise.
+    
+	**user image** - are images created and shared by users like you. They build on base images and add additional functionality. Typically these are formatted as ``user/image-name``. The user value in the image name is your Dockerhub user or organization name.
+
+	**Dockerfile** - is a text file that contains a list of commands that the Docker daemon calls while creating an image. The Dockerfile contains all the information that Docker needs to know to run the app — a base Docker image to run from, location of your project code, any dependencies it has, and what commands to run at start-up. It is a simple way to automate the image creation process. The best part is that the commands you write in a Dockerfile are almost identical to their equivalent Linux commands. This means you don't really have to learn new syntax to create your own Dockerfiles.
+	
+
+Docker Registries
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Docker uses the concept of "*Registries*" 
+
+.. admonition:: Question
+
+    What *EXACTLY* is a **Registry**? 
+
+       .. admonition:: Answer
+            
+            a storage and distribution system for named Docker images
+            
+            Organized by owners into "repositories" with compiled "*images*" that users can download and run 
+            
+Things you can do with Docker registries:
+
+    - Search for public images
+    - Pull images
+    - Share private images
+    - Push images 
+
+    * You must have an account on a registry to create repositories and images.
+
+    * You can create many repositories. 
+
+    * You can create many tagged images in a repository
+
+    * You can even set up your own private registry using a *Docker Trusted Registry*
+
+**Search image registries**
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+.. Warning:: 
+
+    Only use images from trusted sources or images for which you can see the ``Dockerfile``. Any image from an untrusted source could contain something other than what's indicated. If you can see the Dockerfile you can see exactly what is in the image.
+
+The Docker command line interface uses the `Docker Hub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_ public registry by default. 
+
+Some examples of public/private registries to consider for your research needs:
+
+- |Docker Hub|
+
+- |Amazon Elastic Container Registry|
+- |Google Container Registry|
+- |Azure Container Registry|
+- |NVIDIA GPU Cloud|
+- |Private Docker Registry| - not official Docker
+- |Gitlab Container Registry|
+- |Quay|
+- |TreeScale|
+- |Canister|
+- |BioContainers Registry|
+
+|dockerhub|
+-------------
+
+Docker Hub is a service provided by Docker for finding and sharing container images with your team. Docker Hub is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers.
+
+.. Important::
+
+	**Registry**  a storage and distribution system for named Docker images
+
+	**Repository** collection of "images" with individual "tags".
+    
+   	**Teams & Organizations:** Manages access to private repositories.
+
+	**Builds:** Automatically build container images from GitHub or Bitbucket on the Docker Hub.
+    
+    	**Webhooks:** Trigger actions after a successful push to a repository to integrate Docker Hub with other services.
+
+|biocontainerlogo|
+
+|biocontainerreg|
+------------------
+
+BioContainers is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with **special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics**. BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker.
+
+Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io.
+
+|quayio|
+---------
+Quay is another general image registry. It works the same way as Docker Hub. However, Quay is home to all BioContainers made by the Bioconda project. Now we will find a BioContainer image at Quay, pull that image and run it on cloud virtual machine.
+
+NVIDIA GPU Cloud
+----------------
+
+NVIDIA is one of the leading makers of graphic processing units (GPU). GPU were established as a means of handling graphics processing operations for video cards, but have been greatly expanded for use in generalized computing applications, Machine Learning, image processing, and matrix-based linear algebras.
+
+|NVIDIA-docker-diagram|
+
+NVIDIA have created their own set of Docker containers and Registries for running on CPU-GPU enabled systems.
+
+`NVIDIA-Docker <https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker>`_ runs atop the NVIDIA graphics drivers on the host system, the NVIDIA drivers are imported to the container at runtime.
+
+`NVIDIA Docker Hub <https://hub.docker.com/u/nvidia>`_ hosts numerous NVIDIA Docker containers, from which you can build your own images.
+
+`NVIDIA GPU Cloud <https://ngc.nvidia.com>`_ hosts numerous containers for HPC and Cloud applications. You must register an account with them (free) to access these. 
+
+NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts three `registry spaces <https://docs.nvidia.com/ngc/ngc-user-guide/ngc-spaces.html#ngc-spaces>`_
+
+  * `nvcr.io/nvidia` - catalog of fully integrated and optimized deep learning framework containers.
+  * `nvcr.io/nvidia-hpcvis` - catalog of HPC visualization containers (beta).
+  * `nvcr.io/hpc` -  popular third-party GPU ready HPC application containers.
+
+NVIDIA Docker can be used as a base-image to create containers running graphical applications remotely. High resolution 3D screens are piped to a remote desktop platform.
+
+Programs which leverage 3D applications include `VirtualGL <https://www.virtualgl.org/>`_, `TurboVNC <https://www.turbovnc.org/>`_, & `TigerVNC <https://tigervnc.org/>`_.
+
+An example application of a graphics-enabled remote desktop is the use of `Blender <https://www.blender.org/>`_ for creating high level of detail images or animations.
+
+
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation**
+
+- Search for an answer:
+  |CyVerse Learning Center|
+- Ask us for help:
+  click |Intercom| on the lower right-hand side of the page
+- Report an issue or submit a change:
+  |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/adv_schedule.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/adv_schedule.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..86e3bcef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/adv_schedule.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Advanced Container Camp Schedule**
+====================================
+
+Advanced Workshop Days are at the following times: 
+9:00AM–1:00PM US Pacific Time (12:00PM–4:00PM US Eastern Time)
+
+
+.. IMPORTANT::
+
+    Please fill out the `weekly lesson feedback form <https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScEFhSXB52OegkXwXE0HISxIjCuBIiyi-qD4DYuDHhRe1k3fg/viewform?usp=sf_link>`_
+
+
+Below are the schedule and classroom materials for Container Camp 2021.
+
+This workshop runs under a `Code of Conduct <../getting_started/main.html>`_.
+Please respect it and be excellent to each other!
+
+Twitter hash tag: #cc2021
+
+Day 1  - From the OS up Docker Image Builds
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Introduction to GitPod on GitHub
+- Hands on exercise using base OS images in GitPod
+- Continuous Integration in GitHub
+- Guest Speakers from autamus.io
+
+**Content:**
+
+Introduction to Docker builds from OS base images and when to pursue this. 
+
+**Goals:**
+
+#. Use cases for building from the OS up
+#. Understand base images like Alpine linux and their portability/size
+#. Setup GitHub Actions for continuous integration of Docker builds
+
+**Optional Homework:**
+
+Scratch Build with Alpine Linux to perform a task
+
+Day 2 - Accelerating Your Analyses
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Singularity containers on HPC / HTC / Cloud
+- Guest Speaker `Mats Rynge <https://github.com/rynge>`_ from `Information Sciences Institute @USC <https://www.isi.edu/>`_ on the OpenScienceGrid (OSG) 
+- NVIDIA GPU Cloud 
+
+**Content:**
+
+Hands on with Singularity. Introduction to distributed computing on the OpenScienceGrid. Introduction to GPU acceleration in containers with official NVIDIA Docker images.
+
+**Goals:**
+
+#. Introduction to Singularity
+#. Introduction to OpenScienceGrid (OSG)
+#. Understand OSG applications on CyVerse
+#. Know where to look for NVIDIA images
+#. Define use cases for OSG and/or NVIDIA acceleration of analyses 
+
+Day 3 - Breakout Sessions
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Breakout into domain specific and special topic sections
+
+**Content:**
+
+Domain science breakout sessions. Examples: bioinformatics, geospatial analysis, deep learning, edge computing, information security, etc.
+
+**Goals:**
+
+Dependent on breakout section topics.
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Containers in Distributed Computing| raw:: html
+
+    <a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qotXod2o_XEW2g7NN4eAlThlBjtdftv_efYJmuOHrVs/edit?usp=sharing" target="blank">Containers in Distributed Computing</a>
+
+.. |Container technology| raw:: html
+
+    <a href="https://arizona.box.com/s/iy0gop36ppi8ui9349dgbt8eug5b578y" target="blank">Container technology</a>
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/code_conduct.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/code_conduct.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6fb960b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/code_conduct.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+.. include:: ./cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Code of Conduct**
+=================
+
+All attendees, speakers, staff and volunteers at Container Camp are required to follow our code of conduct. 
+
+CyVerse expects and appreciates cooperation from all participants to help ensure a safe, collaborative environment for everyone. Harrassment by any individual will not be tolerated and may result in the individual being removed from the Camp.
+
+Harassment includes: offensive verbal comments related to gender, gender identity and expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, religion, technology choices, sexual images in public spaces, deliberate intimidation, stalking, following, harassing photography or recording, sustained disruption of talks or other events, inappropriate physical contact, and unwelcome sexual attention.
+
+Participants who are asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately.
+
+Workshop staff are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, staff should not use sexualised images, activities, or other material. 
+
+If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the workshop organisers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the workshop with no refund.
+
+If you are being harassed, or notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of the workshop staff immediately. Staff can be identified as they'll be wearing badges or nametags.
+
+Workshop staff will be happy to help participants contact local law enforcement, provide escorts, or otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the duration of the workshop. We value your attendance.
+
+We expect participants to follow these rules at conference and workshop venues and conference-related social events.
+
+See http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq for more information on codes of conduct.
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/installation.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/installation.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a8ffd638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/installation.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+.. include:: ./cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Pre-Workshop Setup**
+======================
+
+Please complete the minimum Setup Instructions to prepare for Container Camp with CyVerse.
+
+.. list-table::
+    :header-rows: 1
+
+    * - Prerequisite
+      - Notes
+      - Additional notes
+    * - Wi-Fi-enabled laptop
+      - You should be able to use any laptop (Windows/MacOS/Linux.). We **strongly recommend** Firefox or Chrome browser. It is recommended that you have administrative/install permissions on your laptop.
+      - - `Download FireFox <https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/?scene=2>`_
+        - `Download Chrome <https://www.google.com/chrome/browser/>`_
+    * - CyVerse Account
+      - Please ensure that you have a CyVerse account and have **verified** your account by completing the verification steps in the email you got when you registered.
+      - Register for your cyverse account at https://user.cyverse.org/.
+    * - Github Account
+      - Please ensure that you have a Github account if you don't have one already
+      - Register for your Github account at `https://github.com/ <https://github.com/>`_.
+    * - Dockerhub Account
+      - Please ensure that you have a Dockerhub account if you don't have one already
+      - Register for your Dockerhub account at `https://hub.docker.com/ <https://hub.docker.com/>`_.
+    * - Text Editor
+      - Please ensure that you have a Text editor of your choice. Any decent text editor would be sufficient and
+        recommended ones include Atom, Sublime, & VSCode
+      - Download Sublime at `https://www.sublimetext.com/ <https://www.sublimetext.com/>`_. Download Atom at `https://atom.io/ <https://atom.io/>`_. Download VSCode at `https://code.visualstudio.com/ <https://code.visualstudio.com/>`_
+    * - Slack for networking
+      - We will be using Slack extensively for communication and networking purposes
+      - Register for Slack at `https://slack.com/ <https://slack.com/>`_.
+
+**Optional Downloads**
+
+Listed below are some extra downloads that are not required for the workshop, but which provide some options for functionalities we will cover.
+
+.. list-table::
+    :header-rows: 1
+
+    * - Tool
+      - Notes
+      - Link
+    * - SSH Clients (Windows)
+      - PuTTY allows SSH connection to a remote machine, and is designed for
+        Windows users who do not have a Mac/Linux terminal. MobaXterm is a single
+        Windows application that provides a ton of functions for programmers, webmasters,
+        IT administrators, and anybody is looking to manage system remotely
+      - - `Download PuTTY <https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html>`_
+        - `Download mobaXterm <https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net>`_
+        - Update Windows 10 & install `Windows Subsystem for Linux v2 (WSL2) <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl2-install>`_
+    * - Cyberduck
+      - Cyberduck is a third-party tool for uploading/downloading data to CyVerse Data Store.
+        Currently, this tool is available for Windows/MacOS only. You will need
+        to download Cyberduck and the connection profile. We will go through
+        configuration and installation at the workshop.
+      - - `Download Cyberduck <https://cyberduck.io/>`_
+        - `Download CyVerse Cyberduck connection profile <https://wiki.cyverse.org/wiki/download/attachments/18188197/iPlant%20Data%20Store.cyberduckprofile?version=1&modificationDate=1436557522000&api=v2>`_
+    * - iRODS ``iCommands``
+      - iCommands are command-line software to connect to the
+        CyVerse Data Store.
+      - Download and installation instructions available at `CyVerse Learning Center <https://cyverse-data-store-guide.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/step2.html>`__
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/intro_schedule.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/intro_schedule.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..56fa053f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/intro_schedule.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Container Basics Schedule**
+==============================
+
+Intro Workshop Days are at the following times: 
+9:00AM–1:00PM US Pacific Time (12:00PM–4:00PM US Eastern Time)
+
+
+.. IMPORTANT::
+
+    Please fill out the `weekly lesson feedback form <https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfqMxeqDs_geHw5AvJTvj7zZaNPWC5TawBQXy7jw0RrmRyMSw/viewform?usp=sf_link>`_
+
+
+Below are the schedule and classroom materials for Container Camp 2021.
+
+This workshop runs under a `Code of Conduct <../getting_started/main.html>`_.
+Please respect it and be excellent to each other!
+
+Twitter hash tag: #cc2021
+
+Day 1  - Introduction to Containers and Docker
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Guest Speaker (Nirav Merchant)
+- Hands on exercise using Docker in |Atmosphere|
+
+**Content:**
+
+Introduction to Docker and its uses in reproducible science. What are Dockerfiles. Using Docker on the commandline.
+
+**Goals:**
+
+#. Introduction to containers & where to find them
+#. Command line containers with CyVerse |Atmosphere| (optional: run locally)
+
+**Optional Homework:**
+
+Test other Docker container images on |Atmosphere| or locally
+
+Day 2 - Docker on CyVerse
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Use GitHub to browse for public Dockerfiles
+- Explore CyVerse |Discovery Environment|
+- Find official CyVerse Docker images
+- Tour of how containers work on CyVerse (including brief introduction to nginx & gomplate)
+
+**Content:**
+
+Introduction to the CyVerse |Discovery Environment|. Demonstration of how Docker containers are applications. Planning how attendees may use these containers in their work.
+
+**Goals:**
+
+#. Introduction to what Dockerfiles are and what you use them for
+#. Understand apps on CyVerse are referencing Docker containers
+#. Know how to navigate CyVerse |Discovery Environment|
+#. Start thinking about how to modify an official CyVerse image
+
+Day 3 - Integrating Docker Containers onto CyVerse
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+**Activity:**
+
+- Modifying official CyVerse Dockerfiles
+- App integration into the |Discovery Environment|
+- Discuss challenges associated with "containerization"
+
+**Content:**
+
+Modification of official CyVerse images. Discuss how containers integrate onto CyVerse. Problems associated with containers.
+
+**Goals:**
+
+#. Understand how to modify Dockerfiles and best practices (for CyVerse and beyond)
+#. Learn to integrate your own Docker images into CyVerse & where to get help
+#. Be able to list the limitations and challenges associated with containerized analyses
+
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Containers in Distributed Computing| raw:: html
+
+    <a href="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qotXod2o_XEW2g7NN4eAlThlBjtdftv_efYJmuOHrVs/edit?usp=sharing" target="blank">Containers in Distributed Computing</a>
+
+.. |Container technology| raw:: html
+
+    <a href="https://arizona.box.com/s/iy0gop36ppi8ui9349dgbt8eug5b578y" target="blank">Container technology</a>
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/location.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/location.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1f89c97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/location.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_
+`Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Location**
+~~~~~~
+
+CyVerse Container Camp will be held in Room A116 of the `Roy P. Drachman Hall <https://goo.gl/maps/wu3rsFdftx46wp2R9>`_, located at 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719
+
+.. raw:: html
+
+    <embed>
+    <iframe src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d3374.729993587511!2d-110.94837118483149!3d32.23843588113789!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x86d671a61ef93ec7%3A0xce7a19df9d552a10!2sRoy%20P.%20Drachman%20Hall%2C%201295%20N%20Martin%20Ave%2C%20Tucson%2C%20AZ%2085719!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sus!4v1583860398939!5m2!1sen!2sus" width="600" height="450" frameborder="0" style="border:0;" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>
+    </embed>
+
+**SERVICES**
+
+Drachman is adjacent the Banner University Medical Center. In the event of a medical emergency, attendees may be transported to Banner, or to the nearest `urgent care <https://goo.gl/maps/ZkLMyDcDQPQEAAia9>`_ facility. 
+
+**PARKING**
+
+Nearest public parking is the Highland Garage, about 3 blocks west of Drachman ($1/hr with $8/day max) or you can take the Purple or Green CatTran shuttle to the northern terminus (the AHSL Library stop). 
+
+Drachman is an approximate 7 minute walk from The Aloft Hotel.
+
+UArizona Campus Map: https://map.arizona.edu/
+
+CatTran Route Map: https://parking.arizona.edu/cattran/cat-tran-routes/     
+ 
+----
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation:**
+
+- On Github: |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+----
+
+.. Comment: Place URLS Below This Line
+
+.. |Github Repo Link|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/foss-2020/tree/master/CyVerse/getting_started/agenda.rst" target="blank">Github Repo Link</a>
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/getting_started/main.rst b/old_rst/getting_started/main.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0928a407
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/getting_started/main.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+**Learning objectives**
+======================
+
+- Understand what containers are and their role in reproducible science
+- Find and deploy existing containers using CyVerse VICE (Visual Interactive Compute Environment)
+- Learn to create Docker containers using your own data and/or analyses for reproducible analysis
+- Know the role of the Dockerfile in the build
+- Apply Linux command line skills to write Docker files
+
+
+
+.. **FAIR Data principles** commented out for intro to container camp
+.. =======================
+
+.. Container Camp supports FAIR data principles by providing services that help make data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. Participants will get an introduction to containers and learn how to create and manage containers, enabling interoperability and reusability of data.
+
+
+**Who should attend?**
+
+Faculty, researchers, postdocs, and graduate students who use and analyze data of all types (genomics, astronomy, image data, Big Data, etc.).
+
+**Workshop level**
+
+This workshop is focused on beginner-level users with little to no previous container experience.
+
+.. Intermediate and advanced users who attend will gain a better understanding of and ability with container capabilities  and resources, including deploying their own tools and extending these analyses into Cloud and HPC.
+
+**Need help?**
+
+Couldn't find what you were looking for?
+
+- You can also talk to any of the instructors or TAs if you need immediate help.
+
+- Chat with us on Slack.
+
+- Post an issue on the documentation `issue tracker <https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/issues>`_ on GitHub
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
diff --git a/old_rst/instructions_reporting/instructors.rst b/old_rst/instructions_reporting/instructors.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..405429e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/instructions_reporting/instructors.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+**For instructors!**
+====================
+
+**Coordinating Web site work**
+
+Please create a pull request (PR) as soon as you start editing something,
+rather than waiting!  That way you can tell others what you're working on.
+
+You could/should also mention it on Slack in the "cc-leads" channel.
+
+**Technical info re adding content to the Web site**
+
+All the Container Camp workshop tutorials are stored on `GitHub <https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container_camp_workshop_2018>`_.
+
+We will use `GitHub Flow <https://guides.github.com/introduction/flow/>`_ for updates: from the command line,
+
+	- fork the container camp repository;
+	- edit, change, add, etc;
+	- submit a PR;
+	- when ready to review & merge, say 'ready for review & merge @cc2019'.
+
+It's important that all updates go through code review by
+someone. Anyone with push access to the repo can review and merge!
+
+From the Web site, you should be able to edit the files and then set up a
+PR directly. You can also fork the repo, perform multiple edits and submit a PR through the web interface.
+
+**Updating the "official" Web site.**
+
+The `Web site <https://cyverse-container-camp-workshop-2019.readthedocs-hosted.com/>`_, will update automatically
+from GitHub.  However, it may take 5-15 minutes to do so.
+
+**Building a local copy of the Web site.**
+
+Briefly,
+
+- clone the repo:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  git clone https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container_camp_workshop_2019.git``
+
+- set up a virtualenv with python2 or python3:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  python -m virtualenv buildenv -p python3.5; . ~/buildenv/bin/activate
+
+- install the prerequisites:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+- build site:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  make html
+
+- open / click on
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  _build/html/index.html
+
+**Formatting, guidelines, etc.**
+
+Everything can/should be in
+`Restructured text <https://github.com/adam-p/markdown-here/wiki/Markdown-Cheatsheet!>`_
+If you're not super familiar with Restructured text, you can use
+`online restructured text editor </http://rst.ninjs.org/>`_ to write your tutorials.
+
+(Note that you can go visit the github repo and it will helpfully render
+`.rst` files for you if you click on them! They just won't have the full
+site template.)
+
+Files and images that don't need to be "compiled" and should just be
+served up through the web site can be put in the `_static`
+directory; their URL will then be
+
+    https://cyverse-container-camp-workshop-2019.readthedocs-hosted.com/_static/filename
+
+**Images**
+
+Image formatting in Restructured text is pretty straightforward. Here is an example
+
+|static_site_docker|
+
+The code that generates this image is this
+
+|instructors_code|
+
+.. |static_site_docker| image:: ../img/static_site_docker.png
+  :width: 750
+
+.. |instructors_code| image:: ../img/instructors_code.png
+  :width: 750
diff --git a/old_rst/instructions_reporting/problems.rst b/old_rst/instructions_reporting/problems.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1f15f459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/instructions_reporting/problems.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+**Problems? Bugs? Questions?**
+==============================
+
+- If there is a bug and you can fix it: submit a PR. Make sure that I know who you are so that I can thank you.
+
+- If there is a bug and you can't fix it, but you can reproduce it: submit an issue explaining how to reproduce.
+
+- If there is a bug and you can't even reproduce it: sorry. It is probably an Heisenbug. We can't act on it until it's reproducible, alas.
+
+- If you have attended this workshop and have feedback, or if you want somebody to deliver that workshop at your conference or for your company: you can contact one of us!
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation**
+
+- On Github: `Repo link <https://cyverse-container-camp-workshop-2020.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/>`_
+- Send feedback: `support@cyverse.org <support@cyverse.org>`_
diff --git a/old_rst/singularity/singularityadvanced.rst b/old_rst/singularity/singularityadvanced.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..657ad470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/singularity/singularityadvanced.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+**Advanced Singularity**
+------------------------
+
+|singularity|
+
+5.0 Building your own Containers from scratch
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In this section we'll go over the creation of Singularity containers from a recipe file, called ``Singularity`` (equivalent to ``Dockerfile``).
+
+5.1 Keep track of downloaded containers
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+By default, Singularity uses a temporary cache to hold Docker tarballs:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  $ ls ~/.singularity
+
+You can change these by specifying the location of the cache and temporary directory on your localhost:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  $ sudo mkdir tmp
+  $ sudo mkdir scratch
+
+  $ SINGULARITY_TMPDIR=$PWD/scratch SINGULARITY_CACHEDIR=$PWD/tmp singularity --debug pull --name ubuntu-tmpdir.sif docker://ubuntu
+
+5.2 Building Singularity containers
+==================================
+
+Like Docker, which uses a `Dockerfile` to build its containers, Singularity uses a file called ``Singularity``
+
+When you are building locally, you can name this file whatever you wish, but a better practice is to put it in a directory and name it ``Singularity`` - as this will help later on when developing on Singularity-Hub and GitHub.
+Create a container using a custom Singularity file:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif Singularity
+
+We've already covered how you can pull an existing container from Docker Hub, but we can also build a Singularity container from docker using the build command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ sudo singularity build --sandbox ubuntu-latest/  docker://ubuntu
+
+	$ singularity shell --writable ubuntu-latest/
+
+	Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update
+
+Does it work?
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ sudo singularity shell ubuntu-latest.sif
+
+	Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container...
+
+	Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update
+
+When I try to install software to the image without `sudo` it is denied, because root is the owner of the container. When I use ``sudo`` I can install software to the container. The software remain in the sandbox container after closing the container and restart.
+
+In order to make these changes permanant, I need to rebuild the sandbox as a ``.sif`` image
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ sudo singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif ubuntu-latest/
+
+.. Note::
+
+	Why is creating containers in this way a **bad** idea?
+
+5.2.1: Exercise (~30 minutes): Create a Singularity file
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`SyLabs User-Guide <https://sylabs.io/guides/3.5/user-guide/>`_
+
+A ``Singularity`` file can be hosted on Github and will be auto-detected by `Singularity-Hub <https://www.singularity-hub.org/>`_ when you set up your container Collection.
+
+Building your own containers requires that you have `sudo` privileges - therefore you'll need to develop these on your local machine or on a VM that you can gain root access on.
+
+- **Header**
+
+The top of the file, selects the base OS for the container, just like ``FROM`` in Docker.
+
+`Bootstrap:` references another registry (e.g. ``docker`` for DockerHub, ``debootstrap``, or ``shub`` for Singularity-Hub).
+
+``From:`` selects the tag name.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	Bootstrap: shub
+	From: vsoch/hello-world
+
+Pulls a container from Singularity Hub (< v2.6.1)
+
+Using `debootstrap` with a build that uses a mirror:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	BootStrap: debootstrap
+	OSVersion: xenial
+	MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
+
+Using a `localimage` to build:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	Bootstrap: localimage
+	From: /path/to/container/file/or/directory
+
+Using CentOS-like container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	Bootstrap: yum
+	OSVersion: 7
+	MirrorURL: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-7/7/os/x86_64/
+	Include:yum
+
+Note: to use `yum` to build a container you should be operating on a RHEL system, or an Ubuntu system with `yum` installed.
+
+The container registries which Singularity uses are listed in the `Introduction Section 3.1 <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/container_camp_workshop_2019/en/latest/singularity/singularityintro.html#downloading-pre-built-images>`_.
+
+- The Singularity file uses sections to specify the dependencies, environmental settings, and runscripts when it builds.
+
+The additional sections of a Singularity file include:
+
+*  %help - create text for a help menu associated with your container
+*  %setup - executed on the host system outside of the container, after the base OS has been installed.
+*  %files - copy files from your host system into the container
+*  %labels - store metadata in the container
+*  %environment - loads environment variables at the time the container is run (not built)
+*  %post - set environment variables during the build
+*  %runscript - executes a script when the container runs
+*  %test - runs a test on the build of the container
+
+
+**Setting up Singularity file system**
+--------------------------------------
+
+- **Help**
+
+`%help` section can be as verbose as you want
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	Bootstrap: docker
+	From: ubuntu
+
+	%help
+	This is the container help section.
+
+- **Setup**
+
+`%setup` commands are executed on the localhost system outside of the container - these files could include necessary build dependencies. We can copy files to the `$SINGULARITY_ROOTFS` file system can be done during `%setup`
+
+- **Files**
+
+`%files` include any files that you want to copy from your localhost into the container.
+
+- **Post**
+
+`%post` includes all of the environment variables and dependencies that you want to see installed into the container at build time.
+
+- **Environment**
+
+`%environment` includes the environment variables which we want to be run when we start the container
+
+- **Runscript**
+
+`%runscript` does what it says, it executes a set of commands when the container is run.
+
+**Example Singularity file**
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Example Singularity file bootstrapping a `Docker <https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu/>`_ Ubuntu (16.04) image.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	BootStrap: docker
+	From: ubuntu:18.04
+
+	%post
+   	   apt-get -y update
+   	   apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+
+	%environment
+   	   export LC_ALL=C
+   	   export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+
+	%runscript
+   	   fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+
+	%labels
+   	   Maintainer Tyson Swetnam
+   	   Version v0.1
+
+Build the container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    singularity build cowsay.sif Singularity
+
+Run the container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    singularity run cowsay.sif
+
+.. Note::
+
+	If you build a `squashfs` container, it is immutable (you cannot `--writable` edit it)
+
+
+Cryptographic Security
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`Documentation <https://www.sylabs.io/guides/3.5/user-guide/signNverify.html>`_
+
+.. |singularity| image:: ../img/singularity.png
+  :height: 200
+  :width: 200
+
+  <a href="https://sylabs.io/" target="blank">singularity</a>
diff --git a/old_rst/singularity/singularityhpc.rst b/old_rst/singularity/singularityhpc.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e51fe9f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/singularity/singularityhpc.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+**Singularity and High Performance Computing**
+----------------------------------------------
+
+High Performance Computing resources fill an important role in research computing and can support container execution through runtimes such as Singularity or, hopefully soon, rootless Docker, among other options.  
+
+Conducting analyses on HPC clusters happens through different patterns of interaction than running analyses on a cloud VM.  When you login, you are on a node that is shared with lots of people, typically called the "login node". Trying to run jobs on the login node is not "high performance" at all (and will likely get you an admonishing email from the system administrator). Login nodes are intended to be used for moving files, editing files, and launching jobs.
+
+Importantly, most jobs run on an HPC cluster are neither **interactive**, nor **realtime**.  When you submit a job to the scheduler, you must tell it what resources you need (e.g. how many nodes, how much RAM, what type of nodes, and for how long) in addition to what you want to run. Then the scheduler finally has resources matching your requirements, it runs the job for you. If your request is very large, or very long, you may never make it out of the queue. 
+
+For example, on a VM if you run the command:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+
+The container will immediately start. 
+
+On an HPC system, your job submission script would look something like:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  #!/bin/bash
+  #
+  #SBATCH -J myjob                      # Job name
+  #SBATCH -o output.%j                  # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId)
+  #SBATCH -p development                # Queue name
+  #SBATCH -N 1                          # Total number of nodes requested (68 cores/node)
+  #SBATCH -n 17                         # Total number of mpi tasks requested
+  #SBATCH -t 02:00:00                   # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours
+
+  module load singularity/3/3.1
+  singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+
+This example is for the Slurm scheduler.  Each of the #SBATCH lines looks like a comment to the bash kernel, but the scheduler reads all those lines to know what resources to reserve for you.
+
+It is usually possible to get an interactive session as well, by using an interactive flag, `-i`. 
+
+.. Note::
+
+  Every HPC cluster is a little different, but they almost universally have a "User's Guide" that serves both as a quick reference for helpful commands and contains guidelines for how to be a "good citizen" while using the system.  For TACC's Stampede2 system, see the  `user guide <https://portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guides/stampede2>`_. For The University of Arizona, see the `user guide <https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/>`_.
+
+
+How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A few things to consider when using HPC systems:
+
+#. Using ``sudo`` is not allowed on HPC systems, and building a Singularity container from scratch requires sudo.  That means you have to build your containers on a different development system.  You can pull a docker image on HPC systems
+#. If you need to edit text files, command line text editors don't support using a mouse, so working efficiently has a learning curve.  There are text editors that support editing files over SSH.  This lets you use a local text editor and just save the changes to the HPC system.
+
+These constraints make HPC systems perfectly suitable for execution environments, but currently a limiting choice for a development environment.  We usually recommend your local laptop or a VM as a development environment where you can iterate on your code rapidly and test container building and execution.
+
+Singularity and MPI
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Singularity supports MPI fairly well.  Since (by default) the network is the same insde and outside the container, the communication between containers usually just works.  The more complicated bit is making sure that the container has the right set of MPI libraries.  MPI is an open specification, but there are several implementations (OpenMPI, MVAPICH2, and Intel MPI to name three) with some non-overlapping feature sets.  If the host and container are running different MPI implementations, or even different versions of the same implementation, hilarity may ensue.
+
+The general rule is that you want the version of MPI inside the container to be the same version or newer than the host.  You may be thinking that this is not good for the portability of your container, and you are right.  Containerizing MPI applications is not terribly difficult with Singularity, but it comes at the cost of additional requirements for the host system.
+
+.. Note::
+
+  Many HPC Systems, like Stampede2 at TACC and Ocelote at UAHPC, have high-speed, low-latency networks that have special drivers.  Infiniband, Ares, and OmniPath are three different specs for these types of networks.  When running MPI jobs, if the container doesn't have the right libraries, it won't be able to use those special interconnects to communicate between nodes.
+
+
+Base Docker images
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Depending on the system you will use, you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match).
+
+When running at TACC, there is a set of curated Docker images for use in the FROM line of your own containers.  You can see a list of availabe images at `https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc <https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc>`_
+
+Specifically, you can use the ``tacc/tacc-ubuntu18-mvapich2.3-psm2`` image to satisfy the MPI architecture and version requirements for running on Stampede2.
+
+Because you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match), here is a 3.1 compatible example of what it may look like:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+  BootStrap: debootstrap
+  OSVersion: xenial
+  MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
+  
+  %runscript
+      echo "This is what happens when you run the container..."
+
+  %post
+      echo "Hello from inside the container"
+      sed -i 's/$/ universe/' /etc/apt/sources.list
+      apt update
+      apt -y --allow-unauthenticated install vim build-essential wget gfortran bison libibverbs-dev libibmad-dev libibumad-dev librdmacm-dev libmlx5-dev libmlx4-dev
+      wget http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz
+      tar xvf mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz
+      cd mvapich2-2.1
+      ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
+      make -j4
+      make install
+      /usr/local/bin/mpicc examples/hellow.c -o /usr/bin/hellow
+
+You could also build in everything in a Dockerfile and convert the image to Singularity at the end.
+
+Once you have a working MPI container, invoking it would look something like:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  mpirun -np 4 singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif /app.py arg1 arg2
+
+This will use the **host MPI** libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.
+
+For a single node, you can also use the **container MPI** to run in parallel (usually you don't want this)
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif mpirun -np 4 /app.py arg1 arg2
+
+
+Example Containerized MPI App
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In your Docker development environment, make a new directory in which to build up a new image and download (or copy and paste) two files in that directory:
+
+`https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi>`_
+
+`https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py>`_
+
+Take a look at both files.  ``pi-mpi.py`` is a simple MPI Python script that approximates pi (very inefficiently) by random sampling.  ``Dockerfile.mpi`` is an updated Dockerfile that uses the TACC base image to satisfy all the MPI requirements on Stampede2.
+
+Next, try building the new container.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ docker build -t USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi -f Dockerfile.mpi .
+
+Don't forget to change USERNAME to your DockerHub username.  
+
+Once you have successfully built an image, push it up to DockerHub with the ``docker push`` command so that we can pull it back down on Stampede2.
+
+Running an MPI Container on Stampede2
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To test, we can grab an interactive session that has two nodes.  That way we can see if we can make the two nodes work together. On TACC systems, the "idev" command will start an interactive session on a compute node:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ idev -m 60 -p normal -N 2 -n 128
+
+
+Once you have nodes at your disposal and a container on DockerHub, invoking it would look something like:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  module load tacc-singularity
+  cd $WORK
+  singularity pull docker://USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi
+  time singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+  time ibrun singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+
+.. Note::
+  TACC uses a command called ``ibrun`` on all of its systems that configures MPI to use the high-speed, low-latency network.  If you are familiar with MPI, this is the functional equivalent to ``mpirun``
+
+The first ``singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000`` command will use 1 CPU core to sample ten million times.  The second command, using ``ibrun`` will run 128 processes that sample ten million times each and pass their results back to the "rank 0" MPI process to merge the results.
+
+This will use the **host MPI** libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.
+
+As an aside, for a single node you can also use the **container MPI** to run in parallel (but usually you don't want this).
+
+When you are don with your interactive session, don't forget to ``exit`` to end the session and go back to the login node.
+
+
+Singularity and GPU Computing
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+GPU support in Singularity is very good.
+
+Since Singularity supported docker containers, it has been fairly simple to utilize GPUs for machine learning code like TensorFlow. We will not do this as a hands-on exercise, but in general the procedule is as follows.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  # Load the singularity module
+  module load singularity/3/3.1
+  
+  # Pull your image
+  singularity pull docker://nvidia/caffe:latest
+  
+  singularity exec --nv caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+
+Please note that the --nv flag specifically passes the GPU drivers into the container. If you leave it out, the GPU will not be detected.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  # this is missing the --nv flag and will not work
+  singularity exec caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+
+The main requirement for GPU containers to work is that the version of the host drivers matches the major version of the library inside the container.  So, for example, if CUDA 10 is on the host, the container needs to use CUDA 10 internally.
+
+For TensorFlow, you can directly pull their latest GPU image and utilize it as follows.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  # Change to your $WORK directory
+  cd $WORK
+  #Get the software
+  git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git ~/models
+  # Pull the image
+  singularity pull docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu
+  # Run the code
+  singularity exec --nv tensorflow-latest-gpu.sif python $HOME/models/tutorials/image/mnist/convolutional.py
+
+
+The University of Arizona HPS `Singularity examples <https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers>`_. 
+
diff --git a/old_rst/singularity/singularityintro.rst b/old_rst/singularity/singularityintro.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2124ff49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/singularity/singularityintro.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+**Introduction to SingularityCE**
+-------------------------------
+
+|singularity|
+
+1. Prerequisites
+================
+
+There are no specific skills needed beyond a basic comfort with the command line and using a text editor. Prior experience installing Linux applications could be helpful but is not required.
+
+.. Note::
+
+      *Important*: `Singularity is compatible with Docker <https://sylabs.io/guides/3.8/user-guide/singularity_and_docker.html>`_, but they do have distinct differences.
+
+   Key Differences:
+
+      **Docker**:
+
+      * Inside a Docker container the user has escalated privileges, effectively making them `root` on that host system. This privilege is not supported by *most* administrators of High Performance Computing (HPC) centers. Meaning that Docker is not, and will likely never be, installed natively on your HPC.
+
+      **SingularityCE**:
+
+      * Same user inside as outside the container
+      * User only has root privileges if elevated with `sudo` when container is run
+      * Can run (and modify!) existing Docker images and containers
+
+  These key differences allow Singularity to be installed on most HPC centers. Because you can run virtually all Docker containers in Singularity, you can effectively run Docker on an HPC.
+
+2. SingularityCE Installation
+===========================
+
+Sylabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) homepage: `https://www.sylabs.io/docs/ <https://www.sylabs.io/docs/>`_
+
+SingularityCE is more likely to be used on a remote system that you don't have control of (i.e. HPC & HTC).
+
+2.1 Install Singularity on Laptop
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To Install SingularityCE follow the instructions for your specific OS: https://sylabs.io/guides/3.8/user-guide/quick_start.html
+
+2.2 HPC
+~~~~~~~
+
+Load the SingularityCE module on HPC
+
+If you are interested in working on HPC, you may need to contact your systems administrator and request they install `Singularity  <https://sylabs.io/guides/3.8/user-guide/quick_start.html#installation-request>`_. Because singularity ideally needs setuid, your admins may have some qualms about giving Singularity this privilege. If that is the case, you might consider forwarding `this letter <https://sylabs.io/guides/3.8/user-guide/quick_start.html#singularityce-on-a-shared-resource>`_ to your admins.
+
+Most HPC systems are running Environment Modules with the simple command `module`.
+
+You can check to see what is available:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+  $ module avail singularity
+
+If Singularity is installed, load a specific version:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ module load singularity/3/3.7.2
+
+2.3 Atmosphere Cloud
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+CyVerse staff have deployed an Ansible playbook called ``ez`` for software installation which includes `Singularity <https://cyverse-ez-quickstart.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/#>`_. This command only requires you to type a short line of code to install an entire software stack with all of its dependencies.
+
+Start any *Featured* instance on `Atmosphere <../cyverse/boot.html>_`.
+
+Type in the following in a web shell or ``ssh`` terminal.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ ezs -r 3.7.3
+	DEBUG: set version to 3.7.3
+
+	* Updating ez singularity and installing singularity (this may take a few minutes, coffee break!)
+	Cloning into '/opt/cyverse-ez-singularity'...
+	remote: Enumerating objects: 24, done.
+	remote: Total 24 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 24
+	Unpacking objects: 100% (24/24), done.
+	* ez singularity or singularity itself may not have updated successfully, but you can probably try executing it
+
+	To test singularity, type: singularity run shub://vsoch/hello-world
+	Hint: it should output "RaawwWWWWWRRRR!!")
+
+2.4 Check Installation
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Singularity should now be installed on your laptop or VM, or loaded on the HPC, you can check the installation with:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ singularity pull shub://vsoch/hello-world
+	INFO:    Downloading shub image
+	 59.75 MiB / 59.75 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 49.24 MiB/s 1s
+	tswetnam@tysons-box:~$ singularity run hello-world_latest.sif
+	RaawwWWWWWRRRR!! Avocado!
+
+Singularity’s command line interface allows you to build and interact with containers transparently. You can run programs inside a container as if they were running on your host system. You can easily redirect IO, use pipes, pass arguments, and access files, sockets, and ports on the host system from within a container.
+
+The help command gives an overview of Singularity options and subcommands as follows:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity
+	Usage:
+	  singularity [global options...] <command>
+
+	Available Commands:
+	  build       Build a Singularity image
+	  cache       Manage the local cache
+	  capability  Manage Linux capabilities for users and groups
+	  config      Manage various singularity configuration (root user only)
+	  delete      Deletes requested image from the library
+	  exec        Run a command within a container
+	  inspect     Show metadata for an image
+	  instance    Manage containers running as services
+	  key         Manage OpenPGP keys
+	  oci         Manage OCI containers
+	  plugin      Manage Singularity plugins
+	  pull        Pull an image from a URI
+	  push        Upload image to the provided URI
+	  remote      Manage singularity remote endpoints
+	  run         Run the user-defined default command within a container
+	  run-help    Show the user-defined help for an image
+	  search      Search a Container Library for images
+	  shell       Run a shell within a container
+	  sif         siftool is a program for Singularity Image Format (SIF) file manipulation
+	  sign        Attach a cryptographic signature to an image
+	  test        Run the user-defined tests within a container
+	  verify      Verify cryptographic signatures attached to an image
+	  version     Show the version for Singularity
+
+	Run 'singularity --help' for more detailed usage information.
+
+Information about subcommand can also be viewed with the help command.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity help pull
+	Pull an image from a URI
+
+	Usage:
+	  singularity pull [pull options...] [output file] <URI>
+
+	Description:
+	  The 'pull' command allows you to download or build a container from a given
+	  URI. Supported URIs include:
+
+	  library: Pull an image from the currently configured library
+	      library://user/collection/container[:tag]
+
+	  docker: Pull an image from Docker Hub
+	      docker://user/image:tag
+
+	  shub: Pull an image from Singularity Hub
+	      shub://user/image:tag
+
+	  oras: Pull a SIF image from a supporting OCI registry
+	      oras://registry/namespace/image:tag
+
+	  http, https: Pull an image using the http(s?) protocol
+	      https://library.sylabs.io/v1/imagefile/library/default/alpine:latest
+
+	Options:
+	      --arch string      architecture to pull from library (default "amd64")
+	      --dir string       download images to the specific directory
+	      --disable-cache    dont use cached images/blobs and dont create them
+	      --docker-login     login to a Docker Repository interactively
+	  -F, --force            overwrite an image file if it exists
+	  -h, --help             help for pull
+	      --library string   download images from the provided library
+				 (default "https://library.sylabs.io")
+	      --no-cleanup       do NOT clean up bundle after failed build, can be
+				 helpul for debugging
+	      --nohttps          do NOT use HTTPS with the docker:// transport
+				 (useful for local docker registries without a
+				 certificate)
+
+
+	Examples:
+	  From Sylabs cloud library
+	  $ singularity pull alpine.sif library://alpine:latest
+
+	  From Docker
+	  $ singularity pull tensorflow.sif docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest
+
+	  From Shub
+	  $ singularity pull singularity-images.sif shub://vsoch/singularity-images
+
+	  From supporting OCI registry (e.g. Azure Container Registry)
+	  $ singularity pull image.sif oras://<username>.azurecr.io/namespace/image:tag
+
+
+	For additional help or support, please visit https://www.sylabs.io/docs/
+
+3. Downloading pre-built images
+================================
+
+The easiest way to use a Singularity is to ``pull`` an existing container from one of the Registries.
+
+You can use the ``pull`` command to download pre-built images from a number of Container Registries, here we'll be focusing on the `Singularity-Hub <https://www.singularity-hub.org>`_ or `DockerHub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_.
+
+Container Registries:
+
+* `library` - images hosted on Sylabs Cloud
+* `shub` - images hosted on Singularity Hub
+* `docker` - images hosted on Docker Hub
+* `localimage` - images saved on your machine
+* `yum` - yum based systems such as CentOS and Scientific Linux
+* `debootstrap` - apt based systems such as Debian and Ubuntu
+* `arch` - Arch Linux
+* `busybox` - BusyBox
+* `zypper` - zypper based systems such as Suse and OpenSuse
+
+3.1 Pulling an image from Singularity Hub
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Similar to previous example, in this example I am pulling a base Ubuntu container from Singularity-Hub:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ singularity pull shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+    WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+ 	88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 31.86 MiB/s 2s
+
+You can rename the container using the `--name` flag:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ singularity pull --name ubuntu_test.simg shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+    WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+ 	88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 35.12 MiB/s 2s
+
+The above command will save the alpine image from the Container Library as ``alpine.sif``
+
+3.2 Pulling an image from Docker Hub
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+This example pulls an ``ubuntu:16.04`` image from DockerHub and saves it to the working directory.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity pull docker://ubuntu:20.04
+	INFO:    Converting OCI blobs to SIF format
+	INFO:    Starting build...
+	Getting image source signatures
+	Copying blob 8f6b7df711c8 done
+	Copying blob 0703c52b8763 done
+	Copying blob 07304348ce1b done
+	Copying blob 4795dceb8869 done
+	Copying config 05ac933964 done
+	Writing manifest to image destination
+	Storing signatures
+	2020/03/09 16:14:12  info unpack layer: sha256:8f6b7df711c8a4733138390ff2aba1bfeb755bf4736c39c6e4858076c40fb5eb
+	2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:0703c52b8763604318dcbb1730c82ad276a487335ecabde2f43f69a6222e8090
+	2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:07304348ce1b6d24f136a3c4ebaa800297b804937a6942ce9e9fe0dac0b0ca74
+	2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:4795dceb8869bdfa64f3742e1df492e6f31baf9cfc36f1a042a8f981607e99a2
+	INFO:    Creating SIF file...
+	INFO:    Build complete: ubuntu_20.04.sif
+
+
+.. warning::
+
+	Pulling Docker images reduces reproducibility. If you were to pull a Docker image today and then wait six months and pull again, you are not guaranteed to get the same image. If any of the source layers has changed the image will be altered. If reproducibility is a priority for you, try building your images from the Container Library.
+
+3.3 Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Let’s use an easy example of ``alpine.sif`` image from the `container library <https://cloud.sylabs.io/library/>`_
+
+.. code-block :: bash
+
+	$ singularity pull library://alpine:latest
+	WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+	INFO:    Downloading library image
+ 	2.08 MiB / 2.08 MiB [==================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.06 MiB/s 0s
+
+.. Tip::
+
+	You can use ``singularity search <name>`` command to locate groups, collections, and containers of interest on the Container Library
+
+4 Interact with images
+======================
+
+You can interact with images in several ways such as ``shell``, ``exec`` and ``run``.
+
+For these examples we will use a ``cowsay_latest.sif`` image that can be pulled from the Container Library like so.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity pull library://tyson-swetnam/default/cowsay
+	INFO:    Downloading library image
+	 67.00 MiB / 67.00 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.45 MiB/s 12s
+	WARNING: unable to verify container: cowsay_latest.sif
+	WARNING: Skipping container verification
+
+	tswetnam@tysons-box:~$ singularity run cowsay_latest.sif
+	 ________________________________________
+	/ Expect a letter from a friend who will \
+	\ ask a favor of you.                    /
+	 ----------------------------------------
+		\   ^__^
+		 \  (oo)\_______
+		    (__)\       )\/\
+			||----w |
+			||     ||
+4.1 Shell
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+The ``shell`` command allows you to spawn a new shell within your container and interact with it as though it were a small virtual machine.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity shell cowsay_latest.sif
+	  Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~>
+
+The change in prompt indicates that you have entered the container (though you should not rely on that to determine whether you are in container or not).
+
+Once inside of a Singularity container, you are the same user as you are on the host system.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> whoami
+	tswetnam
+
+.. Note::
+
+	``shell`` also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. This creates an ephemeral container that disappears when the shell is exited.
+
+4.2 Executing commands
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The exec command allows you to execute a custom command within a container by specifying the image file. For instance, to execute the ``cowsay`` program within the cowsay_latest.sif container:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ singularity exec cowsay_latest.sif cowsay container camp rocks
+ 	______________________
+	< container camp rocks >
+	 ----------------------
+	        \   ^__^
+	         \  (oo)\_______
+	            (__)\       )\/\
+	                ||----w |
+	                ||     ||
+
+.. Note::
+
+	``exec`` also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. This creates an ephemeral container that executes a command and disappears.
+
+4.3 Running a container
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Singularity containers contain `runscripts <https://www.sylabs.io/guides/3.0/user-guide/definition_files.html#runscript>`_. These are user defined scripts that define the actions a container should perform when someone runs it. The runscript can be triggered with the ``run`` command, or simply by calling the container as though it were an executable.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	singularity run lolcow_latest.sif
+	 _________________________________________
+	/  You will remember, Watson, how the     \
+	| dreadful business of the Abernetty      |
+	| family was first brought to my notice   |
+	| by the depth which the parsley had sunk |
+	| into the butter upon a hot day.         |
+	|                                         |
+	\ -- Sherlock Holmes                      /
+	 -----------------------------------------
+	        \   ^__^
+	         \  (oo)\_______
+	            (__)\       )\/\
+	                ||----w |
+	                ||     ||
+
+# Exercise - 1
+##############
+
+Here are the brief steps:
+
+1. Go to `Docker hub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_ and look for a Dockerhub image 
+
+2. Use ``singularity pull`` command to pull the Docker image and convert it to .sif
+
+3. Use ``singularity run`` command to launch a container from the Docker image and check to see if you get the same output that as you get from running ``docker run``
+
+4.3 Running a container on HPC
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+For running a container on HPC, you need to have Singularity module available on HPC. Let's first look to see if the Singularity module is available on HPC or not
+
+.. warning::
+
+	The following instructions are from running on UA HPC. It may or may not work on other HPC. Please refer to HPC documentation to find similar commands
+
+.. code-block :: bash
+
+	$ module avail singularity
+	------------------------------------------ /cm/shared/uamodulefiles -------------------------------------------
+	singularity/2/2.6.1  singularity/3/3.2  singularity/3/3.2.1  singularity/3/3.4.2  singularity/3/3.5.3
+
+You can see that there are three different versions of Singularity are available. For this workshop, we will use ``singularity/3/3.5.3``. Let's load it now
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+	$ module load singularity/3/3.5.3
+
+.. |singularity| image:: ../img/singularity.png
+  :height: 200
+  :width: 200
diff --git a/old_rst/topics/breakout_session.rst b/old_rst/topics/breakout_session.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c311e617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/topics/breakout_session.rst
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+**Breakout sessions**
+=====================
+
+1. **Data Science IDEs** Complexity: beginner - Lead: Tyson Swetnam, CyVerse
+
+	`Docker for Data Science breakout session content <../breakout/datascience.html>`_
+
+	In this breakout session, you'll learn the basics about deploying popular IDE (RStudio and Jupyter) and ML containers from the NVIDIA GPU Cloud. We will discuss the complexities of working with these different container types, with hands on examples running CyVerse and HPC with Singularity.
+
+2. **Biocontainers** Complexity: moderate - Lead: Amanda Cooksey, CyVerse Scientific Analyst
+
+	`Biocontainer breakout session content <../breakout/biocontainers.html>`_
+
+	In this breakout session, you'll learn about Biocontainers and apply what you've learned about basic container technology, such as Docker, with open source bioinformatics apps for Proteomics, Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Metabolomics.
+
+3. **Containerized workflows** Complexity: advanced - Lead: Sateesh Peri, CyVerse power user, University of Nevada-Reno
+
+	`Containerized workflows breakout session content <../breakout/workflows.html>`_
+
+	In this breakout session you'll learn about Snakemake, a workflow management system consisting of a text-based workflow specification language and a scalable execution environment. You will be introduced to the Snakemake workflow definition language and how to use the execution environment to scale workflows to compute servers and clusters while adapting to hardware specific constraints.
diff --git a/old_rst/topics/linux.rst b/old_rst/topics/linux.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3b117b29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/topics/linux.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+.. include:: custom_urls.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+
+**Basics of Linux**
+==================
+
+Modern web, cloud, high performance computing, and most data science applications are run on operating systems (OS) other than Microsoft Windows. To do data intensive science, you need a familiarity with `Linux <https://www.linux.org/>`_. We've scheduled several sections during Container Camp for working on Linux Systems using `CyVerse' Atmosphere Cloud <https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/Container-camp-2020/en/latest/cyverse/boot.html>`_, which runs Linux OS virtual machines.
+
+The good news comes in two parts. First, whether you know it or not, you **probably** already use Linux or a platform based on Linux, on a daily basis. *Do you have an Android or iOS phone?* If you own a `Mac OS X <https://itsfoss.com/mac-linux-difference/>`_ device, you already enjoy many of the benefits of a Linux-like OS, including access to a terminal. Second, the Linux experience has generally been described as `satisfying <https://www.wired.com/2016/01/i-moved-to-linux-and-its-even-better-than-i-expected/>`_, and many users report moving on from Windows OS to Linux comes `without regret <https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/i-switched-from-windows-to-linux-here-are-the-lessons-i-learned-along-the-way-434da84ab63f/>`_. 
+
+Over `87% <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_operating_systems>`_ of the personal computer market still relies on the popular Microsoft OS. However, the landscape changes completely for mobile apps (99% Linux or Linux-like [Android, iOS], <0.1% Windows), web (66% Linux, 32%  Windows), and cloud or HPC (100% Linux). Microsoft is acutely aware of this disparity, and is actively working to integrate Linux into their OS, including their `acquisition of GitHub <https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/18/17474284/microsoft-github-acquisition-developer-reaction>`_ (and `how it has changed <https://www.infoworld.com/article/3335256/github-after-microsoft-how-it-has-changed.html>`_), and the release of `Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) 2 <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/wsl2-install>`_.
+
+*Common Linux Operating Systems*
+--------------------------
+
+The most common operating systems you'll see used for data science are:
+
+- `Alpine <https://alpinelinux.org/>`_ - small and lightweight, useful in container applications
+- `CentOS <https://www.centos.org/>`_ - stable, reliable, most commonly used on web and cloud servers
+- `Debian <https://www.debian.org/>`_ - lightweight, utilitarian, stable
+- `Ubuntu <https://www.ubuntu.com/>`_ - utilitarian, user friendly, most popular distribution, based on Debian
+
+Enterprise Distributions:
+
+- `Red Hat <https://www.redhat.com/en>`_ - based on open source software, you pay for customer support
+
+*Installing Linux*
+-----------------
+
+*Desktop-based Distributions*
+~~~~~~
+
+- `Ubuntu <https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop>`_ 
+- `Debian <https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual>`_
+- `Mint <https://linuxmint-installation-guide.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ - "modern, elegant and comfortable operating system which is both powerful and easy to use."
+- `OpenSUSE <https://www.opensuse.org/>`_ - "The makers' choice for sysadmins, developers and desktop users."
+
+*Windows Subsystem for Linux*
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The so-called "WSL" is a complete linux subsystem that runs under Windows 10. Microsoft recently announced `WSL 2.0 <https://devblogs.microsoft.com/commandline/announcing-wsl-2/>`_.
+
+*Windows Linux Dual boot*
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Not ready to take the Linux plunge yet? Why not set up a Windows-Linux dual boot? 
+
+- `Ubuntu <https://www.lifewire.com/ultimate-windows-8-1-ubuntu-dual-boot-guide-2200654>`_
+- `Mint <https://itsfoss.com/guide-install-linux-mint-16-dual-boot-windows/>`_
+
+*Package Managers*
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Linux uses `package management <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Package_manager>`_ services to install programs. If you're a R user, this should seem familiar. 
+
+Packages can be installed on the command line, or in graphic UI.
+
+*Self Paced*
+----------
+
+`Best Linux Distributions for Beginners <https://itsfoss.com/best-linux-beginners/>`_
+
+`Beginners Guide to Linux <https://www.lifewire.com/beginners-guide-to-linux-4090233>`_
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation:**
+
+- On Github: |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+----
+
+.. Comment: Place URLS Below This Line
+
+   # Use this example to ensure that links open in new tabs, avoiding
+   # forcing users to leave the document, and making it easy to update links
+   # In a single place in this document
+
+   .. |Substitution| raw:: html # Place this anywhere in the text you want a hyperlink
+
+      <a href="REPLACE_THIS_WITH_URL" target="blank">Replace_with_text</a>
+
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |Github Repo Link|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/blob/main/topics/linux.rst" target="blank">Github Repo Link</a>
diff --git a/old_rst/topics/reproducibility.rst b/old_rst/topics/reproducibility.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..965ebb92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/topics/reproducibility.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+.. include:: ../cyverse_rst_defined_substitutions.txt
+
+|CyVerse_logo2|_
+
+|Home_Icon|_ `Learning Center Home <http://learning.cyverse.org/>`_
+
+
+**Introduction to Reproducible Science**
+============================================
+
+by Jason Williams
+
+The so-called reproducibility crisis (see |1| , |2| , |3|) is something you have
+probably heard about (and maybe one of the reasons you have come to Container Camp).
+Headlines in the media (such as |Most scientists can't replicate studies by their peers|)
+definitely give pause to researchers and ordinary citizens who hope
+that the science used to recommend a course of medical treatment or design
+self-driving cars is sound.
+
+Before we go further, it's actually important to ask what is reproducibility?
+
+  .. admonition:: Question
+
+    How do you define reproducible science?
+
+      .. admonition:: Answer
+
+        In |Reproducibility vs. Replicability|, Hans Plesser gives the following
+        useful definitions:
+
+        - **Repeatability** (Same team, same experimental setup): The measurement
+          can be obtained with stated precision by the same team using the same
+          measurement procedure, the same measuring system, under the same operating
+          conditions, in the same location on multiple trials. For computational
+          experiments, this means that a researcher can reliably repeat her own
+          computation.
+        - **Replicability** (Different team, same experimental setup): The
+          measurement can be obtained with stated precision by a different team
+          using the same measurement procedure, the same measuring system, under the
+          same operating conditions, in the same or a different location on multiple
+          trials. For computational experiments, this means that an independent group
+          can obtain the same result using the author's own artifacts.
+        - **Reproducibility** (Different team, different experimental setup): The
+          measurement can be obtained with stated precision by a different team,
+          a different measuring system, in a different location on multiple trials.
+          For computational experiments, this means that an independent group can
+          obtain the same result using artifacts which they develop completely
+          independently.
+
+        The paper goes on to further simplify:
+
+        - **Methods reproducibility**: provide sufficient detail about procedures
+          and data so that the same procedures could be exactly repeated.
+        - **Results reproducibility**: obtain the same results from an independent
+          study with procedures as closely matched to the original study as
+          possible.
+        - **Inferential reproducibility**: draw the same conclusions from either an
+          independent replication of a study or a reanalysis of the original study.
+
+.. admonition:: Discussion Question
+    :class: admonition-question
+
+    How do these definitions apply to your research/teaching?
+
+    Work with your fellow learners to develop a shortlist of ways reproducibility
+    relates to your work. Try to identify challenges and even successes you'd
+    like to share.
+
+Often, when we say "reproducibility" we mean all or at least several of the
+concepts the proceeding discussion encompasses. Really, reproducibility can be
+thought of as set values such as some laboratories express in a code of conduct,
+(see for example |Ross-Ibarra Lab code of conduct| or |Bahlai Lab Policies|).
+Reproducibility comes from our obligations and desires to work ethically,
+honestly, and with confidence that the data and knowledge we produce is done
+has integrity. Reproducibility is also a "spectrum of practices", not a
+single step. (See figure below from |Peng 2011|).
+
+    |spectrum|
+
+Assuming you have taken in the potentially anxiety inducing information above,
+the most important thing to know is that there is a lot of help to make
+reproducibility a foundation of all of your research.
+
+----
+
+**Fix or improve this documentation:**
+
+- On Github: |Github Repo Link|
+- Send feedback: `Tutorials@CyVerse.org <Tutorials@CyVerse.org>`_
+
+----
+
+.. |CyVerse_logo2| image:: ../img/cyverse_learning.png
+    :width: 500
+.. _CyVerse_logo2: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. _CyVerse_logo: https://cyverse.org
+
+.. |Home_Icon| image:: ../img/homeicon.png
+    :width: 25
+    :height: 25
+
+.. _Home_Icon: http://learning.cyverse.org/
+
+.. |spectrum| image:: ../img/reproducibility-spectrum.png
+    :width: 600
+    :height: 200
+
+.. |1|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://www.nature.com/news/1-500-scientists-lift-the-lid-on-reproducibility-1.19970" target="blank">1</a>
+
+.. |2|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://www.nature.com/collections/prbfkwmwvz" target="blank">2</a>
+
+.. |3|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/to-fix-the-reproducibility-crisis-rethink-how-we-do-experiments/" target="blank">3</a>
+
+.. |Most scientists can't replicate studies by their peers|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39054778" target="blank">Most scientists can't replicate studies by their peers</a>
+
+.. |Reproducibility vs. Replicability|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5778115/" target="blank">Reproducibility vs. Replicability</a>
+
+.. |Ross-Ibarra Lab code of conduct|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="http://www.rilab.org/expectations.html" target="blank">Ross-Ibarra Lab code of conduct</a>
+
+.. |Bahlai Lab Policies|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://github.com/BahlaiLab/Policies/blob/master/Project_completion.md" target="blank">Bahlai Lab Policies</a>
+
+.. |NSF Biological Sciences Guidance on Data Management Plans|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://www.nsf.gov/bio/biodmp.jsp" target="blank">NSF Biological Sciences Guidance on Data Management Plans</a>
+
+.. |Reproducibility Tutorial|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/cyverse-cyverse-reproducbility-tutorial/en/latest/index.html" target="blank">Reproducibility Tutorial</a>
+
+.. |Peng 2011|  raw:: html
+
+   <a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/334/6060/1226" target="blank">Peng 2011</a>
diff --git a/old_rst/topics/train_docker.rst b/old_rst/topics/train_docker.rst
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+**Training session in Docker**
+==============================
+
+In these sessions we will cover various aspects of Docker containers for data science applications. Starting with the basics of pulling images from Docker Registries, running Docker containers locally and on cloud, and managing your data in a container using volumes. Topics include Docker installation, pulling and running pre-built Docker containers, and deploying browser-based applications (like Jupyter and RStudio) with Docker.
+
+- `Docker Introduction <../docker/dockerintro.html>`_
+
+In the advanced session, you will modify an existing container by installing your own science libraries or packages. Topics include pulling Docker containers from public and private registries, automated Docker image building from GitHub repositories, managing data in Docker containers, Docker Compose for building multiple Docker containers, amd improving your data science workflows using Docker containers.
+
+- `Advanced Docker <../docker/dockeradvanced.html>`_
diff --git a/old_rst/topics/train_singularity.rst b/old_rst/topics/train_singularity.rst
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/old_rst/topics/train_singularity.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+**Training session in Singularity**
+===================================
+
+In this session we will show you how to containerize your software/applications using Singularity, push them to Singularityhub and deploy them on cloud and HPC.
+
+- `Singularity Introduction <../singularity/singularityintro.html>`_
+
+This would be the introductory session for concept of Singularity. The topics include installation Singularity on various platforms, running prebuilt singularity containers, building singularity containers locally etc.
+
+- `Advanced Singularity <../singularity/singularityadvanced.html>`_
+
+This is the advanced session for the concept of Singularity. The topics include pushing and pulling Singularity images to and from Singularity hub, converting Docker containers to Singularity containers, mounting data on to Singularity containers etc.
diff --git a/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_docker.rst b/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_docker.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8559fbbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_docker.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+**Docker related resources**
+============================
+
+`Awesome Docker <https://veggiemonk.github.io/awesome-docker/>`_
+
+`Docker labs  <https://github.com/docker/labs>`_
+
+`Docker Community Forums <https://forums.docker.com/>`_
+
+`Docker hub <https://hub.docker.com/>`_
+
+`Docker documentation <http://docs.docker.com/>`_
+
+`Docker on StackOverflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker>`_
+
+`Docker on Twitter <http://twitter.com/docker>`_
+
+`Play With Docker Hands-On Labs <http://training.play-with-docker.com/>`_
+
+`Docker cloud <https://cloud.docker.com>`_
diff --git a/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_singularity.rst b/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_singularity.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ea44100e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old_rst/useful_resources/usefulresources_singularity.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+**Singularity related resources**
+---------------------------------
+
+`Singularity Homepage <https://www.sylabs.io/>`_
+
+`Singularity Registry HPC <https://singularity-hpc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_
+
+`Autamus Singularity Image Repository <https://singularityhub.github.io/singularity-hpc/>`_
+
+**Campus HPC resources**
+------------------------
+
+`University of Arizona Singularity Tutorial <https://public.confluence.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers>`_
+
+`TACC HPC Singularity Introduction <https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/01.singularity_basics.html>`_
+
+`TACC Containers .pdf <https://frontera-portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guide/docs/containers-at-tacc.pdf>`_
+
+`NIH HPC <https://hpc.nih.gov/apps/singularity.html>`_
+
+
+**Singularity Talks**
+---------------------
+
+Gregory Kurtzer, creator of Sylabs and Singularity has given public talks about the technology: `Singularity Container Workflows for Compute <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryXjk56DSr8>`_
diff --git a/orchestration/advk8s/advk8s.md b/orchestration/advk8s/advk8s.md
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+
+## Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters
+
+We are going to be using Jetstream-2 for this section and will rely on their [documentation for Kubernetes deployment](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/kubernetes/){target=_blank}
+
+### :material-ship-wheel: Helm
+
+[Helm](https://helm.sh/){target=_blank} is the package manager for Kubernetes. 
+
+### Zero to JupyterHub
+
+[JupyterHub for Kubernetes](https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html){target=_blank}
+
+Project Jupyter maintains a lesson on deploying K8s and Helm with `minik8s` across a variety of commercial cloud solutions.
+
+The closest example that you can attempt is the [Bare Metal example](https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kubernetes/other-infrastructure/step-zero-microk8s.html){target=_blank} on JS-2
+
+## Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes
+
+??? Question "Why use mini versions of Kubernetes?"
+
+    There are multiple projects developing "light-weight" Kubernetes.
+
+    The justification for these projects being that full Kubernetes deployments with all of its functionality increases the cognitive load and the number of configurations and parameters that you must work with when running containers and clusters, particularly at the edge.
+
+    Projects that are working on miniaturized versions of K8s:
+
+    | name | functionality | use cases | 
+    |------|---------------|-----------|
+    | [minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/){target=_blank} | | |
+    | [microK8s](https://microk8s.io/){target=_blank} |  | runs fast, self-healing, and highly available Kubernetes clusters |    
+    | [K3s](https://k3s.io/){target=_blank} | | runs production-level Kubernetes workloads on low resourced and remotely located IoT and Edge devices |
+    | K3d | lightweight wrapper that runs K3s in a docker container | |
+
+### Install `K3s`
+
+[K3s](){target=_blank}
+
+### Install `minikube`
+
+[Minikube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/) is useful for running K8s on a single node or locally -- its primary use is to teach you how to use K8s.
+
+```
+curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
+sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
+
+sudo minikube config set vm-driver none
+```
+
+### Installing `microK8s`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/orchestration/advk8s/index.html b/orchestration/advk8s/index.html
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+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
+      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+      
+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
+      
+      
+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
+      
+        <link rel="canonical" href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/advk8s/">
+      
+      <link rel="icon" href="../../assets/favicon.png">
+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
+    
+    
+      
+        <title>Advanced use of Kubernetes - Cloud Native Camp</title>
+      
+    
+    
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+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
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+    Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters
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+    Install K3s
+  </a>
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+</li>
+        
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+  <a href="#install-minikube" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install minikube
+  </a>
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+</li>
+        
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+  <a href="#installing-microk8s" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing microK8s
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+      Table of contents
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#deploying-your-own-kubernetes-clusters" class="md-nav__link">
+    Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#helm" class="md-nav__link">
+     Helm
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
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+  <a href="#zero-to-jupyterhub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Zero to JupyterHub
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+  
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+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#miniaturized-versions-of-kubernetes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-k3s" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install K3s
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-minikube" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install minikube
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installing-microk8s" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing microK8s
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
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+              </div>
+            
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+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/advk8s.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Advanced use of Kubernetes</h1>
+
+<h2 id="deploying-your-own-kubernetes-clusters">Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters<a class="headerlink" href="#deploying-your-own-kubernetes-clusters" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>We are going to be using Jetstream-2 for this section and will rely on their <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/kubernetes/" target="_blank">documentation for Kubernetes deployment</a></p>
+<h3 id="helm"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m2 11 2.05.1a7.96 7.96 0 0 1 3.2-5.54L6.13 3.84c-.27-.48-.13-1.09.37-1.37.5-.27 1.09-.11 1.37.37l.93 1.82a8.102 8.102 0 0 1 6.4 0l.93-1.82c.28-.48.87-.64 1.37-.37.5.28.64.89.37 1.37l-1.12 1.72a7.96 7.96 0 0 1 3.2 5.54L22 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1l-2.05-.1a7.96 7.96 0 0 1-3.2 5.54l1.12 1.72c.27.48.13 1.09-.37 1.37-.5.27-1.09.11-1.37-.37l-.93-1.82a8.102 8.102 0 0 1-6.4 0l-.93 1.82c-.28.48-.87.64-1.37.37-.5-.28-.64-.89-.37-1.37l1.12-1.72a7.96 7.96 0 0 1-3.2-5.54L2 13a1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m7.07.35c.13-.61.46-1.15.93-1.56L8.34 7.25a5.993 5.993 0 0 0-2.29 3.95l3.02.15M12 9c.32 0 .62.05.9.14l1.38-2.69C13.58 6.16 12.81 6 12 6c-.81 0-1.58.16-2.28.45l1.38 2.69c.28-.09.58-.14.9-.14m2.93 2.35 3.02-.15a5.993 5.993 0 0 0-2.29-3.95L14 9.79c.47.41.8.95.93 1.56m0 1.3c-.13.61-.46 1.15-.93 1.56l1.66 2.54a5.993 5.993 0 0 0 2.29-3.95l-3.02-.15M12 15c-.32 0-.62-.05-.91-.14l-1.37 2.69c.7.29 1.47.45 2.28.45.81 0 1.58-.16 2.28-.45l-1.37-2.69c-.29.09-.59.14-.91.14m-2.93-2.35-3.02.15c.22 1.6 1.06 3.01 2.29 3.95L10 14.21c-.47-.41-.8-.95-.93-1.56Z"/></svg></span> Helm<a class="headerlink" href="#helm" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://helm.sh/" target="_blank">Helm</a> is the package manager for Kubernetes. </p>
+<h3 id="zero-to-jupyterhub">Zero to JupyterHub<a class="headerlink" href="#zero-to-jupyterhub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank">JupyterHub for Kubernetes</a></p>
+<p>Project Jupyter maintains a lesson on deploying K8s and Helm with <code>minik8s</code> across a variety of commercial cloud solutions.</p>
+<p>The closest example that you can attempt is the <a href="https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/latest/kubernetes/other-infrastructure/step-zero-microk8s.html" target="_blank">Bare Metal example</a> on JS-2</p>
+<h2 id="miniaturized-versions-of-kubernetes">Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes<a class="headerlink" href="#miniaturized-versions-of-kubernetes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>Why use mini versions of Kubernetes?</summary>
+<p>There are multiple projects developing "light-weight" Kubernetes.</p>
+<p>The justification for these projects being that full Kubernetes deployments with all of its functionality increases the cognitive load and the number of configurations and parameters that you must work with when running containers and clusters, particularly at the edge.</p>
+<p>Projects that are working on miniaturized versions of K8s:</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>name</th>
+<th>functionality</th>
+<th>use cases</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/" target="_blank">minikube</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://microk8s.io/" target="_blank">microK8s</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td>runs fast, self-healing, and highly available Kubernetes clusters</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a href="https://k3s.io/" target="_blank">K3s</a></td>
+<td></td>
+<td>runs production-level Kubernetes workloads on low resourced and remotely located IoT and Edge devices</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>K3d</td>
+<td>lightweight wrapper that runs K3s in a docker container</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</details>
+<h3 id="install-k3s">Install <code>K3s</code><a class="headerlink" href="#install-k3s" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="" target="_blank">K3s</a></p>
+<h3 id="install-minikube">Install <code>minikube</code><a class="headerlink" href="#install-minikube" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/">Minikube</a> is useful for running K8s on a single node or locally -- its primary use is to teach you how to use K8s.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a>sudo minikube config set vm-driver none
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="installing-microk8s">Installing <code>microK8s</code><a class="headerlink" href="#installing-microk8s" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+
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diff --git a/orchestration/advterra/advterra.md b/orchestration/advterra/advterra.md
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/advterra/advterra.md
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+# Creating Terraform Templates on OpenStack
+
+## Overview
+
+This advanced tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) with [Docker](https://www.docker.com/){target=_blank} & lightweight Kubernetes ([Rancher K3s](https://www.rancher.com/products/k3s){target=_blank}).
+
+!!! success "Goals"
+
+    :material-play: Understand how to install software and provision multiple VMs
+
+    :material-play: Understand how Terraform is used to orchestrate VMs together
+
+    :material-play: Ability to create a Terraform deployment for a multi-node JupyterHub
+
+    :material-play: Ability to re-provisioning an already deployed cluster on OpenStack through Terraform
+
+    ??? Failure "Things we won't cover"
+
+        :material-play: Basic management of Kubernetes clusters (that is a different lesson)
+        
+        :material-play: All of Terraform's features
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+* Basic understanding of [:simple-openstack: OpenStack](https://www.openstack.org/){target=_blank} and [:simple-terraform: Terraform](https://terraform-docs.io/){target=_blank} as was covered in the [prior lesson](./terra.md)
+
+* Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use [Jetstream2](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/){target=_blank})
+
+* [:simple-terraform: Terraform](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads){target=_blank} installed on your workstation or local machine
+
+!!! success "Outcomes"
+
+    By the end of this tutorial, you will 
+    
+    :material-play: have launched a [lightweight Kubernetes (K3s)](https://www.rancher.com/products/k3s){target=_blank} cluster
+
+    :material-play: know how to modify the size of cluster to scale up and down with more or less resources
+
+    :material-play: started and stopped a [JupyterHub](https://jupyter.org/hub){target=_blank} using [a public Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/jupyter/datascience-notebook){target=_blank}
+
+## Updating Terraform Configurations
+
+We will re-use our configurations from the [:simple-terraform: Terraform basics lesson](./terra.md)
+
+We will update and append the following files:
+
+`variables.tf` - we are going to be adding new variables to include specific features related to our K3s and JupyterHub
+
+`instances.tf` - we are going to be launching multiple VM flavors to support our cluster. We want the server VM to be large enough to manage all of the JupyterHub worker nodes.
+
+`security.tf` - we need to specify all of the new security and networking settings for K3s and JupyterHub
+
+We will create new configuration files for:
+
+`k3s.tf` - we will keep our Kubernetes (Rancher) configuration files here
+
+`docker.tf` - we will specify the JupyterHub Docker image here
+
+`jupyterhub.tf` - we will configure our JupyterHub here
+
+## :simple-terraform: `instances.tf`
+
+Our new cluster is going to be variably sized, meaning we can re-size or re-scale the number of VMs running in our cluster to account for demand by our users.
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+##  :simple-terraform: `k3s.tf`
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+##  :simple-terraform: `docker.tf`
+
+We are going to be using the featured Datascience Latest image from the Project Jupyter team
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+##  :simple-terraform: `jupyterhub.tf`
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+##  :simple-terraform: `variables.tf`
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+## Start the Deployment
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+## Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+## Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+## Managing the K3s configuration
+
+
+```bash
+
+```
+
+## Restarting the JupyterHub
+
diff --git a/orchestration/advterra/index.html b/orchestration/advterra/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1dad81e7
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+
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+  
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+      <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+      
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
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+          
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" checked>
+      
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+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
+            
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+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Advanced use of Terraform
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#updating-terraform-configurations" class="md-nav__link">
+    Updating Terraform Configurations
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#instancestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     instances.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#k3stf" class="md-nav__link">
+     k3s.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockertf" class="md-nav__link">
+     docker.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#jupyterhubtf" class="md-nav__link">
+     jupyterhub.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#variablestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     variables.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-the-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start the Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#re-sizing-the-vms-while-the-deployment-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-removing-vms-from-the-cluster-while-it-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-the-k3s-configuration" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing the K3s configuration
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#restarting-the-jupyterhub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Restarting the JupyterHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
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+            
+            
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+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#updating-terraform-configurations" class="md-nav__link">
+    Updating Terraform Configurations
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#instancestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     instances.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#k3stf" class="md-nav__link">
+     k3s.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockertf" class="md-nav__link">
+     docker.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#jupyterhubtf" class="md-nav__link">
+     jupyterhub.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#variablestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     variables.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-the-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start the Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#re-sizing-the-vms-while-the-deployment-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-removing-vms-from-the-cluster-while-it-is-running" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#managing-the-k3s-configuration" class="md-nav__link">
+    Managing the K3s configuration
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#restarting-the-jupyterhub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Restarting the JupyterHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/advterra.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="creating-terraform-templates-on-openstack">Creating Terraform Templates on OpenStack<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-terraform-templates-on-openstack" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="overview">Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>This advanced tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) with <a href="https://www.docker.com/" target="_blank">Docker</a> &amp; lightweight Kubernetes (<a href="https://www.rancher.com/products/k3s" target="_blank">Rancher K3s</a>).</p>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Goals</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Understand how to install software and provision multiple VMs</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Understand how Terraform is used to orchestrate VMs together</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Ability to create a Terraform deployment for a multi-node JupyterHub</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Ability to re-provisioning an already deployed cluster on OpenStack through Terraform</p>
+<details class="failure">
+<summary>Things we won't cover</summary>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Basic management of Kubernetes clusters (that is a different lesson)</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> All of Terraform's features</p>
+</details>
+</div>
+<h2 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites<a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p>Basic understanding of <a href="https://www.openstack.org/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.575 9.29h5.418v5.42h-5.418zM0 9.29h5.419v5.42H0zm18.575 7.827a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.206 1.206H6.623a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.205-1.206v-.858H0v5.252a2.236 2.236 0 0 0 2.229 2.23h19.53A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 24 21.512V16.26h-5.425zM21.763.258H2.233a2.236 2.236 0 0 0-2.23 2.23V7.74h5.419v-.858a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205-1.206h10.746a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205 1.206v.858H24V2.487A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 21.763.258Z"/></svg></span> OpenStack</a> and <a href="https://terraform-docs.io/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform</a> as was covered in the <a href="../terra/">prior lesson</a></p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/" target="_blank">Jetstream2</a>)</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform</a> installed on your workstation or local machine</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Outcomes</p>
+<p>By the end of this tutorial, you will </p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> have launched a <a href="https://www.rancher.com/products/k3s" target="_blank">lightweight Kubernetes (K3s)</a> cluster</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> know how to modify the size of cluster to scale up and down with more or less resources</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> started and stopped a <a href="https://jupyter.org/hub" target="_blank">JupyterHub</a> using <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/jupyter/datascience-notebook" target="_blank">a public Docker image</a></p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="updating-terraform-configurations">Updating Terraform Configurations<a class="headerlink" href="#updating-terraform-configurations" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>We will re-use our configurations from the <a href="../terra/"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform basics lesson</a></p>
+<p>We will update and append the following files:</p>
+<p><code>variables.tf</code> - we are going to be adding new variables to include specific features related to our K3s and JupyterHub</p>
+<p><code>instances.tf</code> - we are going to be launching multiple VM flavors to support our cluster. We want the server VM to be large enough to manage all of the JupyterHub worker nodes.</p>
+<p><code>security.tf</code> - we need to specify all of the new security and networking settings for K3s and JupyterHub</p>
+<p>We will create new configuration files for:</p>
+<p><code>k3s.tf</code> - we will keep our Kubernetes (Rancher) configuration files here</p>
+<p><code>docker.tf</code> - we will specify the JupyterHub Docker image here</p>
+<p><code>jupyterhub.tf</code> - we will configure our JupyterHub here</p>
+<h2 id="instancestf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>instances.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#instancestf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Our new cluster is going to be variably sized, meaning we can re-size or re-scale the number of VMs running in our cluster to account for demand by our users.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="k3stf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>k3s.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#k3stf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="dockertf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>docker.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#dockertf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>We are going to be using the featured Datascience Latest image from the Project Jupyter team</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="jupyterhubtf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>jupyterhub.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#jupyterhubtf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="variablestf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>variables.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#variablestf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="start-the-deployment">Start the Deployment<a class="headerlink" href="#start-the-deployment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="re-sizing-the-vms-while-the-deployment-is-running">Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running<a class="headerlink" href="#re-sizing-the-vms-while-the-deployment-is-running" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="adding-removing-vms-from-the-cluster-while-it-is-running">Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-removing-vms-from-the-cluster-while-it-is-running" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="managing-the-k3s-configuration">Managing the K3s configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-the-k3s-configuration" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="restarting-the-jupyterhub">Restarting the JupyterHub<a class="headerlink" href="#restarting-the-jupyterhub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+
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diff --git a/orchestration/cacao/cacao.md b/orchestration/cacao/cacao.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ee1a54c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/cacao/cacao.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+## Log into CACAO (JS2)
+
+To start, you will need an Xsede user account and have access to a project.
+
+Go to [Jetstream-2 CACAO](https://js2.cyverse.org/){target=_blank} to log in with your Xsede account. You will be prompted to allow Jetstream 2 to authenticate with Globus.
+
+![](../assets/atmosphere/js2_globus.png)
+
+### Add your Credential
+
+Next, you will need to add cloud computing credentials. For now, the only option is Jetstream 2, but in the future, other providers like Google and AWS will be supported.
+
+Click on Credentials on the lefthand menu bar. From the Credentials page, click the "+ Add Credential" button and select "Cloud Credential". Select Jetstream 2 and the project you would like to add. These correspond to Jetstream 2 projects you have access to.
+
+![](../assets/atmosphere/js2_new_credential.png)
+
+Once your credential is added, it should show up on the Credentials page.
+
+
+### Start a Deployment
+
+Next, we will start a deployment onto Jetstream 2.
+
+Click on the [:material-rocket-launch: Deployments](https://js2.cyverse.org/deployments) tab on the lefthand menu bar. You will see your cloud providers and projects, and if you have multiple providers or projects, you can select them here. You should have Jetstream 2 and a project selected.
+
+Next, click the "+ Add Deployment" button. You will see several options for default templates to launch VMs, containers, or whole clusters. We will use the first template to launch a single VM.
+
+![](../assets/atmosphere/js2_template.png)
+
+You will then name the deployment, select the number of instances and size of instances. For now, stick with the default Featured-AlmaLinux8 image and 1 instance of m3.tiny. You can name it whatever you want.
+
+### Access Deployment
+
+Once you have submitted your deployment, you can see it on the Deployments page. It will be in the "Starting" status for a few minutes. Once it is running, you can click on it to see details about it and to access it.
+
+![](../assets/atmosphere/js2_running.png)
+
+From here, you can click on the icons on the right to access a Web Shell or a Web Desktop (for certain images). You can also pause, shelve, or delete the deployment from here. Try opening the Web Shell, which will bring you to a command line inside your running VM.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/orchestration/cacao/index.html b/orchestration/cacao/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1dd5d1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/cacao/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
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+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
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+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
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+        Introduction to Terraform
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
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+        </label>
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+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
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+  <a href="#log-into-cacao-js2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Log into CACAO (JS2)
+  </a>
+  
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+        
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+    Add your Credential
+  </a>
+  
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+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-a-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start a Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
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+  <a href="#access-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Access Deployment
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+      <a href="../cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
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+            
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+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
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+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+  
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+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#log-into-cacao-js2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Log into CACAO (JS2)
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Log into CACAO (JS2)">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#add-your-credential" class="md-nav__link">
+    Add your Credential
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-a-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start a Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#access-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Access Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
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+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
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+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/cacao.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>CyVerse CACAO Interface</h1>
+
+<h2 id="log-into-cacao-js2">Log into CACAO (JS2)<a class="headerlink" href="#log-into-cacao-js2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>To start, you will need an Xsede user account and have access to a project.</p>
+<p>Go to <a href="https://js2.cyverse.org/" target="_blank">Jetstream-2 CACAO</a> to log in with your Xsede account. You will be prompted to allow Jetstream 2 to authenticate with Globus.</p>
+<p><img alt="" src="../../assets/atmosphere/js2_globus.png" /></p>
+<h3 id="add-your-credential">Add your Credential<a class="headerlink" href="#add-your-credential" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Next, you will need to add cloud computing credentials. For now, the only option is Jetstream 2, but in the future, other providers like Google and AWS will be supported.</p>
+<p>Click on Credentials on the lefthand menu bar. From the Credentials page, click the "+ Add Credential" button and select "Cloud Credential". Select Jetstream 2 and the project you would like to add. These correspond to Jetstream 2 projects you have access to.</p>
+<p><img alt="" src="../../assets/atmosphere/js2_new_credential.png" /></p>
+<p>Once your credential is added, it should show up on the Credentials page.</p>
+<h3 id="start-a-deployment">Start a Deployment<a class="headerlink" href="#start-a-deployment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Next, we will start a deployment onto Jetstream 2.</p>
+<p>Click on the <a href="https://js2.cyverse.org/deployments"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m13.13 22.19-1.63-3.83c1.57-.58 3.04-1.36 4.4-2.27l-2.77 6.1M5.64 12.5l-3.83-1.63 6.1-2.77C7 9.46 6.22 10.93 5.64 12.5M21.61 2.39S16.66.269 11 5.93c-2.19 2.19-3.5 4.6-4.35 6.71-.28.75-.09 1.57.46 2.13l2.13 2.12c.55.56 1.37.74 2.12.46A19.1 19.1 0 0 0 18.07 13c5.66-5.66 3.54-10.61 3.54-10.61m-7.07 7.07c-.78-.78-.78-2.05 0-2.83s2.05-.78 2.83 0c.77.78.78 2.05 0 2.83-.78.78-2.05.78-2.83 0m-5.66 7.07-1.41-1.41 1.41 1.41M6.24 22l3.64-3.64c-.34-.09-.67-.24-.97-.45L4.83 22h1.41M2 22h1.41l4.77-4.76-1.42-1.41L2 20.59V22m0-2.83 4.09-4.08c-.21-.3-.36-.62-.45-.97L2 17.76v1.41Z"/></svg></span> Deployments</a> tab on the lefthand menu bar. You will see your cloud providers and projects, and if you have multiple providers or projects, you can select them here. You should have Jetstream 2 and a project selected.</p>
+<p>Next, click the "+ Add Deployment" button. You will see several options for default templates to launch VMs, containers, or whole clusters. We will use the first template to launch a single VM.</p>
+<p><img alt="" src="../../assets/atmosphere/js2_template.png" /></p>
+<p>You will then name the deployment, select the number of instances and size of instances. For now, stick with the default Featured-AlmaLinux8 image and 1 instance of m3.tiny. You can name it whatever you want.</p>
+<h3 id="access-deployment">Access Deployment<a class="headerlink" href="#access-deployment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Once you have submitted your deployment, you can see it on the Deployments page. It will be in the "Starting" status for a few minutes. Once it is running, you can click on it to see details about it and to access it.</p>
+<p><img alt="" src="../../assets/atmosphere/js2_running.png" /></p>
+<p>From here, you can click on the icons on the right to access a Web Shell or a Web Desktop (for certain images). You can also pause, shelve, or delete the deployment from here. Try opening the Web Shell, which will bring you to a command line inside your running VM.</p>
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diff --git a/orchestration/cacao_terra/cacao_terra.md b/orchestration/cacao_terra/cacao_terra.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f0c72693
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/cacao_terra/cacao_terra.md
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+# CACAO Terraform templates on the CLI
+
+## Overview
+
+This tutorial will guide you through the process of deploying Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes on an OpenStack VM using Terraform. 
+
+We will be using a Terraform template for CACAO which has additional configurations.
+
+By the end of this tutorial, you will have a running JupyterHub instance that can be accessed by your users.
+
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+* Basic understanding of Terraform, Kubernetes, and JupyterHub.
+* An OpenStack environment with access to the API.
+* Terraform installed on your local machine or VM server.
+* `kubectl` and `helm` command-line tools installed on your local machine.
+* An SSH key pair to access the VM server running Terraform.
+
+## Installation
+
+Terraform needs a dedicated resource to manage its deployments. 
+
+[:simple-terraform: Terraform](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads){target=_blank} - install Terraform on your server
+
+[:simple-ansible: Ansible](){target=_blank} - 
+
+Optional: [:simple-visualstudiocode: VS Code Terraform Extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=HashiCorp.terraform){target=_blank} - add VS Code extension
+
+??? Tip "Mac OS X Installation"
+
+    Instructions for Mac OS X installation
+
+    If you're on OS X, you can use [brew](https://brew.sh/) to install with the following commands:
+
+    ```bash
+    # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli
+    brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform
+
+    # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory)
+    brew install ansible jq
+    ```
+
+??? Tip "Linux Installation"
+
+    Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation
+
+    ```bash
+    wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
+    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
+    sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform
+    ```
+
+    Install Ansible & J Query
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible
+    sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq
+    ```
+
+
+## CyVerse CACAO Browser UI
+
+[CyVerse's CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration)](https://cacao.jetstream-cloud.org/help){target=_blank}
+
+### CyVerse CACAO CLI
+
+### CACAO file structure
+
+```css
+terraform-project/
+├── main.tf
+├── inputs.tf
+├── outputs.tf
+├── output-ansible-inventory.tf
+├── metadata.json
+├── terraform.tfvars.example
+└── ansible/
+    ├── ansible.cfg
+    ├── find_connection.yaml
+    ├── playbook.yaml      
+    └── requirements.yaml
+```
+
+**:simple-terraform: Main Configuration File (`main.tf`):** - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Inputs File (`inputs.tf`):** - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Outputs File (`outputs.tf`):** - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Provider Configuration File (`provider.tf`):** - 
+
+**:simple-terraform: Modules and Reusable Configurations:** - create separate `.tf` files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.
+
+### File Examples
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `main.tf`
+
+#### Start-up the Terraform Server
+
+We need to run `terraform` from somewhere, this should be a permanent instance which is not pre-emptable (suggest a tiny VM on Jetstream2)
+
+Before we start `terraform`, we need to create an SSH key to add to our newly deployed VMs.
+
+??? Tip "Create SSH keys"
+
+    To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps:
+
+    **Step 1:** Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair:
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
+    ```
+
+    **Step 2:** When prompted, press "Enter" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key.
+
+    Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later.
+
+    Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
+    ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+    ```
+
+    **Step 3:** Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing "user" and "server" with your username and server address:
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip>
+    ```
+
+    **create_ssh_script.sh:**
+
+    ```bash
+    #!/bin/bash
+
+    echo "Generating SSH key pair..."
+    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
+
+    echo "Adding key to SSH agent..."
+    eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
+    ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+
+    read -p "Enter your remote server username: " username
+    read -p "Enter your remote server IP address: " server
+
+    echo "Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:"
+
+    ssh-copy-id username@server
+
+    echo "SSH key setup complete!"
+    ```
+
+    Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh
+    ```
+
+    run it with the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    ./create_ssh_script.sh
+    ```
+
+## Running Terraform
+
+**Step 2** Clone the CACAO z2jh repository
+
+
+```git clone https://gitlab.com/stack0/cacao-tf-jupyterhub.git```
+
+** Step 3** Initialize Terraform in the repository
+
+Change directory to the repo: `cd cacao-tf-jupyterhub`
+
+Run 
+
+```terraform init```
+
+**Step 3** Source the OpenRC shell script
+
+```source *-openrc.sh```
+
+**Step 4** Start Terraform
+
+ `terraform apply -auto-approve`
+
+**Step 5** Suspend Terraform
+
+Update your `terraform.tfvars` file by changing the `power_state` from "active" to "shelved_offloaded"
+
+```yaml
+### Set Power Status ###
+power_state = "active"
+# power_state = "shelved_offloaded"
+```
+
+re-run `terraform apply -auto-approve` to update the deployment 
+
+**Step 6** Destroying a Terraform deployment
+
+when done, with your cluster, run `terraform destroy -auto-approve` to take the cluster back down.
+
+#### Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars)
+
+
+??? Tip "Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Deployment"
+
+    Example Terraform variables (.tfvars) file for deploying [Zero to JupyterHub with K3s (Rancher)]()
+        
+    Based on the [Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes](https://z2jh.jupyter.org/en/stable/)
+
+    ```yaml
+
+    ### Set the floating_ip address for DNS redirections ###
+
+    # jupyterhub_floating_ip="149.165.152.223"
+
+    ### Set up the Security Groups (re=used from Horizon) ###
+    
+    security_groups = ["default","cacao-default","cacao-k8s"]
+
+    ### Give the Deployment a Name (shorter is better) ###
+
+    instance_name = "jh-prod"
+
+    ### Horizon Account User ID and ACCESS-CI Project Account ###
+    
+    username = "${USER}"
+    project = "BIO220085"
+
+    # Horizon SSH key-pair
+    keypair = "${USER}-default"
+
+    ### Set the Number of Instances (Master + Workers) ###
+
+    instance_count = 6
+
+    # Storage Volume Size in GiB 
+    jh_storage_size=1000
+
+    # Storage Volume directory path
+    jh_storage_mount_dir="/home/shared"
+
+    # OS type
+    image_name = "Featured-Ubuntu22"
+
+    # Worker VM Flavor
+    flavor = "m3.medium"
+
+    # Master VM Flavor (m3.medium or larger is recommended)
+    flavor_master = "m3.medium"
+
+    ### Run JupyterHub on Master Node ###
+    
+    do_jh_singleuser_exclude_master="true"
+    
+    # Jetstream2 Region
+    region = "IU"
+
+    # VM image (root disk) sizes
+    root_storage_size = 100
+    root_storage_type = "volume"
+    
+    # Enable GPUs (true/false) - use "true" with "g3" flavors
+    do_enable_gpu=false
+
+    ### Zero 2 JupyterHub with K3s Rancher Configuration ###
+
+    jupyterhub_deploy_strategy="z2jh_k3s"
+
+    ### Ansible-based Setup for JupyterHub ###
+    
+    do_ansible_execution=true
+
+    ### CPU usage per user utilization 10000m = 100% of 1 core ###
+    
+    jh_resources_request_cpu="3000m"
+    
+    ### Memory RAM per-user requirement in Gigibytes ###
+    
+    jh_resources_request_memory="10Gi"
+        
+    ### Set Power Status ###
+
+    power_state = "active"
+    # power_state = "shelved_offloaded"
+
+    ### Pre-Cache images? ###
+
+    do_jh_precache_images=false
+
+    user_data = ""
+
+    ### JupyterHub Configurations ###
+
+    # set the type of authentication, comment out Dummy or OAuth
+    # OAuth-type (GitHub Authentication)
+    # jupyterhub_oauth2_clientid="02b0a98c5d1547101514"
+    # jupyterhub_oauth2_secret="ac658055d848e787c31803afd973a05fbdb98f64"
+    
+    # Dummy-type Authentication
+    jupyterhub_authentication="dummy"
+
+    # set the dummy username password
+    jupyterhub_dummy_password="password"
+
+    # Specify the JupyterHub admins
+    jupyterhub_admins="${USER}"
+    
+    # add JupyterHub student account usernames 
+    jupyterhub_allowed_users="${USER}, student1, student2, student3, student4"
+
+    ### Select a JupyterHub-ready image ###
+    
+    #jupyterhub_singleuser_image="harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch"
+
+    jupyterhub_singleuser_image="jupyter/datascience-notebook"
+
+    jupyterhub_singleuser_image_tag="latest"
+
+    ```
\ No newline at end of file
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+
+
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+      
+        
+  
+  
+
+
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+      
+        
+  
+  
+    
+  
+
+
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-tabs__link md-tabs__link--active">
+        Orchestration
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+      
+        
+  
+  
+
+
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Cloud Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+      
+        
+  
+  
+
+
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-tabs__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-tabs__link">
+        Useful Resources
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+      
+    </ul>
+  </div>
+</nav>
+    
+  
+</header>
+    
+    <div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      <main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
+        <div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
+          
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+  
+
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary md-nav--lifted" aria-label="Navigation" data-md-level="0">
+  <label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
+    <a href="../.." title="Cloud Native Camp" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Cloud Native Camp" data-md-component="logo">
+      
+  
+  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 8h-3V4H1v13h2c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h6c0 1.66 1.34 3 3 3s3-1.34 3-3h2v-5l-3-4M6 18.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M15 7h-2v7h-2V7H9v7H7V7H5v7H3V6h12v1m3 11.5c-.83 0-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5s.67-1.5 1.5-1.5 1.5.67 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5 1.5M17 12V9.5h2.5l1.96 2.5H17Z"/></svg>
+
+    </a>
+    Cloud Native Camp
+  </label>
+  
+    <div class="md-nav__source">
+      <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
+  <div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M439.55 236.05 244 40.45a28.87 28.87 0 0 0-40.81 0l-40.66 40.63 51.52 51.52c27.06-9.14 52.68 16.77 43.39 43.68l49.66 49.66c34.23-11.8 61.18 31 35.47 56.69-26.49 26.49-70.21-2.87-56-37.34L240.22 199v121.85c25.3 12.54 22.26 41.85 9.08 55a34.34 34.34 0 0 1-48.55 0c-17.57-17.6-11.07-46.91 11.25-56v-123c-20.8-8.51-24.6-30.74-18.64-45L142.57 101 8.45 235.14a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0 40.81l195.61 195.6a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 40.8 0l194.69-194.69a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0-40.81z"/></svg>
+  </div>
+  <div class="md-source__repository">
+    CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp
+  </div>
+</a>
+    </div>
+  
+  <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
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+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_1" type="checkbox" id="__nav_1" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+            
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+        
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+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        
+        
+        <div class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--index ">
+          <a href="../..">Home</a>
+          
+            <label for="__nav_1">
+              <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+            </label>
+          
+        </div>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Home" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Home
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_2" type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" checked>
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cyverse-cacao-browser-ui" class="md-nav__link">
+    CyVerse CACAO Browser UI
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="CyVerse CACAO Browser UI">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cyverse-cacao-cli" class="md-nav__link">
+    CyVerse CACAO CLI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cacao-file-structure" class="md-nav__link">
+    CACAO file structure
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#file-examples" class="md-nav__link">
+    File Examples
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="File Examples">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#maintf" class="md-nav__link">
+     main.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-up-the-terraform-server" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start-up the Terraform Server
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-terraform" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Terraform
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Running Terraform">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#editing-terraform-variables-file-tfvars" class="md-nav__link">
+    Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cyverse-cacao-browser-ui" class="md-nav__link">
+    CyVerse CACAO Browser UI
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="CyVerse CACAO Browser UI">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cyverse-cacao-cli" class="md-nav__link">
+    CyVerse CACAO CLI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cacao-file-structure" class="md-nav__link">
+    CACAO file structure
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#file-examples" class="md-nav__link">
+    File Examples
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="File Examples">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#maintf" class="md-nav__link">
+     main.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-up-the-terraform-server" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start-up the Terraform Server
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-terraform" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Terraform
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Running Terraform">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#editing-terraform-variables-file-tfvars" class="md-nav__link">
+    Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/cacao_terra.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="cacao-terraform-templates-on-the-cli">CACAO Terraform templates on the CLI<a class="headerlink" href="#cacao-terraform-templates-on-the-cli" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="overview">Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>This tutorial will guide you through the process of deploying Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes on an OpenStack VM using Terraform. </p>
+<p>We will be using a Terraform template for CACAO which has additional configurations.</p>
+<p>By the end of this tutorial, you will have a running JupyterHub instance that can be accessed by your users.</p>
+<h2 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites<a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li>Basic understanding of Terraform, Kubernetes, and JupyterHub.</li>
+<li>An OpenStack environment with access to the API.</li>
+<li>Terraform installed on your local machine or VM server.</li>
+<li><code>kubectl</code> and <code>helm</code> command-line tools installed on your local machine.</li>
+<li>An SSH key pair to access the VM server running Terraform.</li>
+</ul>
+<h2 id="installation">Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Terraform needs a dedicated resource to manage its deployments. </p>
+<p><a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform</a> - install Terraform on your server</p>
+<p><a href="" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m10.617 11.473 4.686 3.695-3.102-7.662zM12 0C5.371 0 0 5.371 0 12s5.371 12 12 12 12-5.371 12-12S18.629 0 12 0zm5.797 17.305a.851.851 0 0 1-.875.83c-.236 0-.416-.09-.664-.293l-6.19-5-2.079 5.203H6.191L11.438 5.44a.79.79 0 0 1 .764-.506.756.756 0 0 1 .742.506l4.774 11.494c.045.111.08.234.08.348l-.001.023z"/></svg></span> Ansible</a> - </p>
+<p>Optional: <a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=HashiCorp.terraform" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M23.15 2.587 18.21.21a1.494 1.494 0 0 0-1.705.29l-9.46 8.63-4.12-3.128a.999.999 0 0 0-1.276.057L.327 7.261A1 1 0 0 0 .326 8.74L3.899 12 .326 15.26a1 1 0 0 0 .001 1.479L1.65 17.94a.999.999 0 0 0 1.276.057l4.12-3.128 9.46 8.63a1.492 1.492 0 0 0 1.704.29l4.942-2.377A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 24 20.06V3.939a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-.85-1.352zm-5.146 14.861L10.826 12l7.178-5.448v10.896z"/></svg></span> VS Code Terraform Extension</a> - add VS Code extension</p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Mac OS X Installation</summary>
+<p>Instructions for Mac OS X installation</p>
+<p>If you're on OS X, you can use <a href="https://brew.sh/">brew</a> to install with the following commands:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="c1"># install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>brew<span class="w"> </span>tap<span class="w"> </span>hashicorp/tap<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>brew<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>hashicorp/tap/terraform
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="c1"># install ansible and jq (for processing terraform&#39;s statefile into an ansible inventory)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>brew<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>ansible<span class="w"> </span>jq
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Linux Installation</summary>
+<p>Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>wget<span class="w"> </span>-O-<span class="w"> </span>https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>gpg<span class="w"> </span>--dearmor<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>tee<span class="w"> </span>/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com </span><span class="k">$(</span>lsb_release<span class="w"> </span>-cs<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> main&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>tee<span class="w"> </span>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>terraform
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Install Ansible &amp; J Query</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt-add-repository<span class="w"> </span>ppa:ansible/ansible
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-y<span class="w"> </span>ansible<span class="w"> </span>jq
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h2 id="cyverse-cacao-browser-ui">CyVerse CACAO Browser UI<a class="headerlink" href="#cyverse-cacao-browser-ui" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://cacao.jetstream-cloud.org/help" target="_blank">CyVerse's CACAO (Cloud Automation &amp; Continuous Analysis Orchestration)</a></p>
+<h3 id="cyverse-cacao-cli">CyVerse CACAO CLI<a class="headerlink" href="#cyverse-cacao-cli" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<h3 id="cacao-file-structure">CACAO file structure<a class="headerlink" href="#cacao-file-structure" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="nt">terraform-project</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">main</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">inputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">outputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">output-ansible-inventory</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">json</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">terraform</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tfvars</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">example</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ansible</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ansible</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">cfg</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">find_connection</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">yaml</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">playbook</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">yaml</span><span class="w">      </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">requirements</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">yaml</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Main Configuration File (<code>main.tf</code>):</strong> - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Inputs File (<code>inputs.tf</code>):</strong> - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Outputs File (<code>outputs.tf</code>):</strong> - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Provider Configuration File (<code>provider.tf</code>):</strong> - </p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Modules and Reusable Configurations:</strong> - create separate <code>.tf</code> files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.</p>
+<h3 id="file-examples">File Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#file-examples" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<h4 id="maintf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>main.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#maintf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<h4 id="start-up-the-terraform-server">Start-up the Terraform Server<a class="headerlink" href="#start-up-the-terraform-server" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>We need to run <code>terraform</code> from somewhere, this should be a permanent instance which is not pre-emptable (suggest a tiny VM on Jetstream2)</p>
+<p>Before we start <code>terraform</code>, we need to create an SSH key to add to our newly deployed VMs.</p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Create SSH keys</summary>
+<p>To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps:</p>
+<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>ssh-keygen<span class="w"> </span>-t<span class="w"> </span>rsa<span class="w"> </span>-b<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4096</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>Step 2:</strong> When prompted, press "Enter" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key.</p>
+<p>Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later.</p>
+<p>Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="nb">eval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span>ssh-agent<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>ssh-add<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/id_rsa
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>Step 3:</strong> Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing "user" and "server" with your username and server address:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>ssh-copy-id<span class="w"> </span>&lt;user&gt;@&lt;server-ip&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>create_ssh_script.sh:</strong></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="ch">#!/bin/bash</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Generating SSH key pair...&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>ssh-keygen<span class="w"> </span>-t<span class="w"> </span>rsa<span class="w"> </span>-b<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4096</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Adding key to SSH agent...&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="nb">eval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span>ssh-agent<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a>ssh-add<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/id_rsa
+<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="nb">read</span><span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Enter your remote server username: &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>username
+<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="nb">read</span><span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Enter your remote server IP address: &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>server
+<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a>ssh-copy-id<span class="w"> </span>username@server
+<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;SSH key setup complete!&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>chmod<span class="w"> </span>+x<span class="w"> </span>create_ssh_script.sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>run it with the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>./create_ssh_script.sh
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h2 id="running-terraform">Running Terraform<a class="headerlink" href="#running-terraform" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><strong>Step 2</strong> Clone the CACAO z2jh repository</p>
+<p><code>git clone https://gitlab.com/stack0/cacao-tf-jupyterhub.git</code></p>
+<p>** Step 3** Initialize Terraform in the repository</p>
+<p>Change directory to the repo: <code>cd cacao-tf-jupyterhub</code></p>
+<p>Run </p>
+<p><code>terraform init</code></p>
+<p><strong>Step 3</strong> Source the OpenRC shell script</p>
+<p><code>source *-openrc.sh</code></p>
+<p><strong>Step 4</strong> Start Terraform</p>
+<p><code>terraform apply -auto-approve</code></p>
+<p><strong>Step 5</strong> Suspend Terraform</p>
+<p>Update your <code>terraform.tfvars</code> file by changing the <code>power_state</code> from "active" to "shelved_offloaded"</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="c1">### Set Power Status ###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">power_state = &quot;active&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># power_state = &quot;shelved_offloaded&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>re-run <code>terraform apply -auto-approve</code> to update the deployment </p>
+<p><strong>Step 6</strong> Destroying a Terraform deployment</p>
+<p>when done, with your cluster, run <code>terraform destroy -auto-approve</code> to take the cluster back down.</p>
+<h4 id="editing-terraform-variables-file-tfvars">Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars)<a class="headerlink" href="#editing-terraform-variables-file-tfvars" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Deployment</summary>
+<p>Example Terraform variables (.tfvars) file for deploying <a href="">Zero to JupyterHub with K3s (Rancher)</a></p>
+<p>Based on the <a href="https://z2jh.jupyter.org/en/stable/">Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes</a></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="c1">### Set the floating_ip address for DNS redirections ###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="c1"># jupyterhub_floating_ip=&quot;149.165.152.223&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="c1">### Set up the Security Groups (re=used from Horizon) ###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">security_groups = [&quot;default&quot;,&quot;cacao-default&quot;,&quot;cacao-k8s&quot;]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Give the Deployment a Name (shorter is better)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">instance_name = &quot;jh-prod&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Horizon Account User ID and ACCESS-CI Project Account</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">username = &quot;${USER}&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">project = &quot;BIO220085&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Horizon SSH key-pair</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-19" name="__codelineno-11-19" href="#__codelineno-11-19"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">keypair = &quot;${USER}-default&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-20" name="__codelineno-11-20" href="#__codelineno-11-20"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-21" name="__codelineno-11-21" href="#__codelineno-11-21"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Set the Number of Instances (Master + Workers)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-22" name="__codelineno-11-22" href="#__codelineno-11-22"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-23" name="__codelineno-11-23" href="#__codelineno-11-23"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">instance_count = 6</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-24" name="__codelineno-11-24" href="#__codelineno-11-24"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-25" name="__codelineno-11-25" href="#__codelineno-11-25"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Storage Volume Size in GiB</span><span class="w"> </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-26" name="__codelineno-11-26" href="#__codelineno-11-26"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jh_storage_size=1000</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-27" name="__codelineno-11-27" href="#__codelineno-11-27"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-28" name="__codelineno-11-28" href="#__codelineno-11-28"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Storage Volume directory path</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-29" name="__codelineno-11-29" href="#__codelineno-11-29"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jh_storage_mount_dir=&quot;/home/shared&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-30" name="__codelineno-11-30" href="#__codelineno-11-30"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-31" name="__codelineno-11-31" href="#__codelineno-11-31"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># OS type</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-32" name="__codelineno-11-32" href="#__codelineno-11-32"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">image_name = &quot;Featured-Ubuntu22&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-33" name="__codelineno-11-33" href="#__codelineno-11-33"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-34" name="__codelineno-11-34" href="#__codelineno-11-34"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Worker VM Flavor</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-35" name="__codelineno-11-35" href="#__codelineno-11-35"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">flavor = &quot;m3.medium&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-36" name="__codelineno-11-36" href="#__codelineno-11-36"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-37" name="__codelineno-11-37" href="#__codelineno-11-37"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Master VM Flavor (m3.medium or larger is recommended)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-38" name="__codelineno-11-38" href="#__codelineno-11-38"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">flavor_master = &quot;m3.medium&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-39" name="__codelineno-11-39" href="#__codelineno-11-39"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-40" name="__codelineno-11-40" href="#__codelineno-11-40"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Run JupyterHub on Master Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-41" name="__codelineno-11-41" href="#__codelineno-11-41"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-42" name="__codelineno-11-42" href="#__codelineno-11-42"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">do_jh_singleuser_exclude_master=&quot;true&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-43" name="__codelineno-11-43" href="#__codelineno-11-43"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-44" name="__codelineno-11-44" href="#__codelineno-11-44"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Jetstream2 Region</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-45" name="__codelineno-11-45" href="#__codelineno-11-45"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">region = &quot;IU&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-46" name="__codelineno-11-46" href="#__codelineno-11-46"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-47" name="__codelineno-11-47" href="#__codelineno-11-47"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># VM image (root disk) sizes</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-48" name="__codelineno-11-48" href="#__codelineno-11-48"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">root_storage_size = 100</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-49" name="__codelineno-11-49" href="#__codelineno-11-49"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">root_storage_type = &quot;volume&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-50" name="__codelineno-11-50" href="#__codelineno-11-50"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-51" name="__codelineno-11-51" href="#__codelineno-11-51"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Enable GPUs (true/false) - use &quot;true&quot; with &quot;g3&quot; flavors</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-52" name="__codelineno-11-52" href="#__codelineno-11-52"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">do_enable_gpu=false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-53" name="__codelineno-11-53" href="#__codelineno-11-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-54" name="__codelineno-11-54" href="#__codelineno-11-54"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Zero 2 JupyterHub with K3s Rancher Configuration</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-55" name="__codelineno-11-55" href="#__codelineno-11-55"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-56" name="__codelineno-11-56" href="#__codelineno-11-56"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_deploy_strategy=&quot;z2jh_k3s&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-57" name="__codelineno-11-57" href="#__codelineno-11-57"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-58" name="__codelineno-11-58" href="#__codelineno-11-58"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Ansible-based Setup for JupyterHub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-59" name="__codelineno-11-59" href="#__codelineno-11-59"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-60" name="__codelineno-11-60" href="#__codelineno-11-60"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">do_ansible_execution=true</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-61" name="__codelineno-11-61" href="#__codelineno-11-61"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-62" name="__codelineno-11-62" href="#__codelineno-11-62"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### CPU usage per user utilization 10000m = 100% of 1 core</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-63" name="__codelineno-11-63" href="#__codelineno-11-63"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-64" name="__codelineno-11-64" href="#__codelineno-11-64"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jh_resources_request_cpu=&quot;3000m&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-65" name="__codelineno-11-65" href="#__codelineno-11-65"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-66" name="__codelineno-11-66" href="#__codelineno-11-66"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Memory RAM per-user requirement in Gigibytes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-67" name="__codelineno-11-67" href="#__codelineno-11-67"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-68" name="__codelineno-11-68" href="#__codelineno-11-68"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jh_resources_request_memory=&quot;10Gi&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-69" name="__codelineno-11-69" href="#__codelineno-11-69"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-70" name="__codelineno-11-70" href="#__codelineno-11-70"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Set Power Status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-71" name="__codelineno-11-71" href="#__codelineno-11-71"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-72" name="__codelineno-11-72" href="#__codelineno-11-72"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">power_state = &quot;active&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-73" name="__codelineno-11-73" href="#__codelineno-11-73"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># power_state = &quot;shelved_offloaded&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-74" name="__codelineno-11-74" href="#__codelineno-11-74"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-75" name="__codelineno-11-75" href="#__codelineno-11-75"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Pre-Cache images?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-76" name="__codelineno-11-76" href="#__codelineno-11-76"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-77" name="__codelineno-11-77" href="#__codelineno-11-77"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">do_jh_precache_images=false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-78" name="__codelineno-11-78" href="#__codelineno-11-78"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-79" name="__codelineno-11-79" href="#__codelineno-11-79"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">user_data = &quot;&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-80" name="__codelineno-11-80" href="#__codelineno-11-80"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-81" name="__codelineno-11-81" href="#__codelineno-11-81"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### JupyterHub Configurations</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-82" name="__codelineno-11-82" href="#__codelineno-11-82"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-83" name="__codelineno-11-83" href="#__codelineno-11-83"></a><span class="c1"># set the type of authentication, comment out Dummy or OAuth</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-84" name="__codelineno-11-84" href="#__codelineno-11-84"></a><span class="c1"># OAuth-type (GitHub Authentication)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-85" name="__codelineno-11-85" href="#__codelineno-11-85"></a><span class="c1"># jupyterhub_oauth2_clientid=&quot;02b0a98c5d1547101514&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-86" name="__codelineno-11-86" href="#__codelineno-11-86"></a><span class="c1"># jupyterhub_oauth2_secret=&quot;ac658055d848e787c31803afd973a05fbdb98f64&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-87" name="__codelineno-11-87" href="#__codelineno-11-87"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-88" name="__codelineno-11-88" href="#__codelineno-11-88"></a><span class="c1"># Dummy-type Authentication</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-89" name="__codelineno-11-89" href="#__codelineno-11-89"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_authentication=&quot;dummy&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-90" name="__codelineno-11-90" href="#__codelineno-11-90"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-91" name="__codelineno-11-91" href="#__codelineno-11-91"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># set the dummy username password</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-92" name="__codelineno-11-92" href="#__codelineno-11-92"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_dummy_password=&quot;password&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-93" name="__codelineno-11-93" href="#__codelineno-11-93"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-94" name="__codelineno-11-94" href="#__codelineno-11-94"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># Specify the JupyterHub admins</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-95" name="__codelineno-11-95" href="#__codelineno-11-95"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_admins=&quot;${USER}&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-96" name="__codelineno-11-96" href="#__codelineno-11-96"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-97" name="__codelineno-11-97" href="#__codelineno-11-97"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain"># add JupyterHub student account usernames</span><span class="w"> </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-98" name="__codelineno-11-98" href="#__codelineno-11-98"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_allowed_users=&quot;${USER}, student1, student2, student3, student4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-99" name="__codelineno-11-99" href="#__codelineno-11-99"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-100" name="__codelineno-11-100" href="#__codelineno-11-100"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">### Select a JupyterHub-ready image</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">###</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-101" name="__codelineno-11-101" href="#__codelineno-11-101"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-102" name="__codelineno-11-102" href="#__codelineno-11-102"></a><span class="c1">#jupyterhub_singleuser_image=&quot;harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-103" name="__codelineno-11-103" href="#__codelineno-11-103"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-104" name="__codelineno-11-104" href="#__codelineno-11-104"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_singleuser_image=&quot;jupyter/datascience-notebook&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-105" name="__codelineno-11-105" href="#__codelineno-11-105"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-11-106" name="__codelineno-11-106" href="#__codelineno-11-106"></a><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">jupyterhub_singleuser_image_tag=&quot;latest&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+
+  <hr>
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+      2023-07-28
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
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+              
+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          Docker
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+          Docker
+        </label>
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+          
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+          
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+      </nav>
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+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+          Singularity
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+          
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
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+              
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+      
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+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+      
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+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#k8s-cli-kubectl" class="md-nav__link">
+    K8s CLI kubectl
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+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="K8s CLI kubectl">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-kubectl" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install kubectl
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#kubeconfig" class="md-nav__link">
+     kubeconfig
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" kubeconfig">
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+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#config-yaml" class="md-nav__link">
+    config yaml
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-the-namespace" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up the namespace
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pods" class="md-nav__link">
+     pods
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" pods">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#launching-a-pod" class="md-nav__link">
+    Launching a Pod
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pod-networking" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pod networking
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#taking-down-a-pod" class="md-nav__link">
+    Taking down a Pod
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
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+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run-a-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    Run a Dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Run a Dashboard">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-an-admin-dashboard-user" class="md-nav__link">
+    create an admin dashboard user
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-read-only-dashboard-read-onlyyaml-user" class="md-nav__link">
+    create a read-only dashboard-read-only.yaml user
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-the-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start the dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#delete-the-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    delete the dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
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+          
+        
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+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
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+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
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+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
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+        Azure
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+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
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+          Useful Resources
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+        Docker
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+
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+                  </div>
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+            
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+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#k8s-cli-kubectl" class="md-nav__link">
+    K8s CLI kubectl
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="K8s CLI kubectl">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-kubectl" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install kubectl
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#kubeconfig" class="md-nav__link">
+     kubeconfig
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" kubeconfig">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#config-yaml" class="md-nav__link">
+    config yaml
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-the-namespace" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting up the namespace
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pods" class="md-nav__link">
+     pods
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" pods">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#launching-a-pod" class="md-nav__link">
+    Launching a Pod
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pod-networking" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pod networking
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#taking-down-a-pod" class="md-nav__link">
+    Taking down a Pod
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a Deployment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run-a-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    Run a Dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Run a Dashboard">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-an-admin-dashboard-user" class="md-nav__link">
+    create an admin dashboard user
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-read-only-dashboard-read-onlyyaml-user" class="md-nav__link">
+    create a read-only dashboard-read-only.yaml user
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#start-the-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    Start the dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#delete-the-dashboard" class="md-nav__link">
+    delete the dashboard
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/k8s.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="lesson-1-introduction-to-kubernetes">Lesson 1: Introduction to Kubernetes<a class="headerlink" href="#lesson-1-introduction-to-kubernetes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<div class="admonition info">
+<p class="admonition-title">Learning Objectives</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Understand what Kubernetes is and its role in managing containerized applications</li>
+<li>Recognize the importance and benefits of using Kubernetes in cloud computing</li>
+<li>Identify reasons why you may need to use Kubernetes for your own research or projects</li>
+<li>Learn about the existence of Kubernetes clusters and how to leverage them using <code>kubectl</code></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<p><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/what-is-kubernetes/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.95 13.5h-.23c-.18.11-.26.32-.18.5l.86 2.11c.83-.53 1.46-1.32 1.79-2.25l-2.23-.36h-.01m-3.45.29a.415.415 0 0 0-.38-.29h-.08l-2.22.37c.33.92.96 1.7 1.79 2.23l.85-2.07V14c.04-.05.04-.14.04-.21m1.83.81a.378.378 0 0 0-.51-.15c-.07.05-.12.08-.15.15h-.01l-1.09 1.97c.78.26 1.62.31 2.43.12.14-.03.29-.07.43-.12l-1.09-1.97h-.01m3.45-4.57L14.1 11.5l.01.03a.37.37 0 0 0-.04.53c.05.06.11.1.18.12l.01.01 2.17.62c.07-.97-.14-1.95-.65-2.78m-3.11.16c.01.21.18.37.39.36.08 0 .15-.02.21-.05h.01l1.83-1.31a4.45 4.45 0 0 0-2.57-1.24l.13 2.24m-1.94.31c.17.11.4.08.52-.09.05-.06.07-.13.08-.21h.01l.12-2.25c-.15.02-.3.05-.46.08-.8.18-1.54.58-2.12 1.16l1.84 1.31h.01m-.99 1.69c.2-.05.32-.26.26-.46 0-.08-.05-.14-.11-.19v-.01L8.21 10c-.52.86-.74 1.84-.63 2.82l2.16-.62v-.01m1.64.66.62.3.62-.3.15-.67-.43-.53h-.69l-.43.53.16.67m10.89 1.32L20.5 6.5c-.09-.42-.37-.76-.74-.94l-7.17-3.43c-.37-.17-.81-.17-1.19 0L4.24 5.56c-.37.18-.65.52-.74.94l-1.77 7.67c-.05.2-.05.4 0 .59.01.06.03.12.05.18.03.09.08.19.13.27.03.04.05.08.09.11l4.95 6.18c.02 0 .05.04.05.06.1.09.19.16.28.22.12.08.26.14.4.17.11.05.23.05.32.05h8.12c.07 0 .14-.03.2-.05.05-.01.1-.03.14-.04.04-.02.07-.03.11-.05.05-.02.1-.05.15-.08.12-.08.23-.18.33-.28l.15-.2 4.8-5.98c.1-.12.17-.25.22-.38.02-.06.04-.12.05-.18.05-.19.05-.4 0-.59m-7.43 2.99c.02.06.04.12.07.17-.04.08-.06.17-.03.26.12.24.23.46.38.68.08.11.16.23.24.34 0 .03.03.08.04.12.12.2.06.46-.15.59s-.47.05-.59-.15c-.01-.03-.02-.05-.03-.08-.02-.03-.04-.09-.06-.09-.05-.15-.09-.28-.12-.41-.09-.25-.17-.49-.3-.72a.375.375 0 0 0-.21-.14l-.08-.16c-1.29.48-2.7.48-3.97-.01l-.1.18c-.07.01-.14.04-.19.09-.14.24-.24.49-.33.77-.03.13-.07.26-.12.4-.02 0-.04.07-.06.1a.43.43 0 0 1-.81-.29c.01-.03.03-.05.04-.08.04-.03.04-.08.04-.11.09-.12.16-.23.24-.35.16-.21.29-.45.39-.69a.54.54 0 0 0-.03-.25l.07-.18a5.611 5.611 0 0 1-2.47-3.09l-.2.03a.388.388 0 0 0-.23-.09c-.27.05-.51.13-.77.22-.11.06-.24.11-.37.15-.03.01-.07.02-.13.03a.438.438 0 0 1-.54-.27c-.07-.23.04-.47.28-.55.02 0 .05-.01.08-.01v-.01h.01l.11-.02c.14-.04.28-.04.41-.04.26 0 .52-.06.77-.12.08-.05.14-.11.19-.19l.19-.05c-.21-1.36.1-2.73.86-3.87l-.14-.12c0-.09-.03-.18-.08-.25-.2-.17-.41-.32-.64-.45-.12-.06-.24-.13-.36-.21-.02-.02-.06-.05-.08-.07l-.01-.01c-.2-.16-.25-.42-.11-.63.09-.1.21-.15.35-.15.11.01.21.05.3.12l.09.07c.1.09.19.2.28.3.18.19.37.37.58.52.08.04.17.05.26.03l.15.11c.75-.8 1.73-1.36 2.8-1.6.25-.06.52-.1.78-.12l.01-.18a.45.45 0 0 0 .14-.23c.01-.26-.01-.52-.05-.77-.03-.13-.05-.27-.06-.41V5.1c-.02-.24.15-.45.39-.48s.44.15.47.38v.22c-.01.14-.03.28-.06.41-.04.25-.06.51-.05.77.02.1.07.17.14.22l.01.19c1.36.12 2.62.73 3.56 1.72l.16-.12c.09.02.18.01.26-.03.21-.15.41-.33.58-.52.09-.1.18-.2.28-.3.03-.02.07-.06.1-.06.17-.18.44-.18.59 0 .19.16.18.43 0 .6 0 .02-.03.04-.06.06a2.495 2.495 0 0 1-.44.28c-.23.13-.45.28-.64.45-.06.07-.09.15-.08.24l-.16.14a5.44 5.44 0 0 1 .88 3.86l.19.05c.04.08.11.14.19.18.25.07.51.11.77.14h.41c.03.03.08.04.12.05.24.03.4.25.37.49-.05.23-.24.4-.48.37-.03-.01-.07-.01-.07-.02v-.01c-.06 0-.1-.01-.14-.02-.13-.04-.25-.09-.36-.15-.26-.1-.5-.17-.77-.21-.09 0-.17 0-.23.08-.07-.01-.13-.02-.19-.03-.41 1.31-1.31 2.41-2.47 3.11Z"/></svg></span> Kubernetes</a>, or <code>K8s</code> for short, is an open-source system designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. </p>
+<p>K8s is the most prevalent platform for managing containerized applications at scale in the realm of cloud computing. If you're considering incorporating containers into your research or project portfolio, it's highly likely you'll interact with a K8s Cluster.</p>
+<p>In this introductory lesson, we'll focus on how to leverage <em>existing</em> Kubernetes Clusters using <code>kubectl</code>.</p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 3c-1.27 0-2.4.8-2.82 2H3v2h1.95L2 14c-.47 2 1 3 3.5 3s4.06-1 3.5-3L6.05 7h3.12c.33.85.98 1.5 1.83 1.83V20H2v2h20v-2h-9V8.82c.85-.32 1.5-.97 1.82-1.82h3.13L15 14c-.47 2 1 3 3.5 3s4.06-1 3.5-3l-2.95-7H21V5h-6.17C14.4 3.8 13.27 3 12 3m0 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m-6.5 5.25L7 14H4l1.5-3.75m13 0L20 14h-3l1.5-3.75Z"/></svg></span> Why would you want to build your own K8s Cluster? </summary>
+<p>You're here to learn about containerized applications and container orchestration. We aim to familiarize you with these technologies and help you understand their place in the roadmap of Cloud Native Computing. However, it's crucial to note,</p>
+<p><img alt="⚠" class="twemoji" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@14.1.2/assets/svg/26a0.svg" title=":warning:" /> <strong>Designing, deploying, and maintaining your own K8s cluster can be a complex and challenging task</strong> <img alt="⚠" class="twemoji" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@14.1.2/assets/svg/26a0.svg" title=":warning:" /></p>
+<ul>
+<li>This is partly because there are numerous existing platforms out there, such as managed K8s services. Additionally, managing K8s requires a dedicated DevOps or software engineering team to ensure your platform operates smoothly.</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Still interested in building your own cluster? Here are some reasons why you might need to use K8s for your research or project:</p>
+<p>(1) Your applications consist of multiple services. The K8s API automates the tasks of managing numerous containers and allocating resources. </p>
+<p>(2) Your work scales dynamically - if your computing needs fluctuate based on workloads, K8s can be useful. Using containers to scale your applications is more efficient than manually launching VMs.</p>
+<p>(3) You have too many containers to manage - K8s excels at its primary function: managing and maintaining containers. </p>
+<p>(4) Your domain is transitioning to the cloud. If your field is moving towards being cloud-native, it's crucial to develop workflows in anticipation of this shift.</p>
+<p>(5) Consistency is key. K8s' declarative state provides a clear description of how everything is managed.</p>
+</details>
+<div class="admonition info">
+<p class="admonition-title">Kubernetes Terminology</p>
+<p><strong>Kubernetes Cluster</strong>: A collection of nodes that run containerized applications. This is the primary unit of organization in Kubernetes.</p>
+<p><strong>kubectl</strong>: The command-line interface used for interacting with Kubernetes clusters. It enables users to manage various aspects of the cluster.</p>
+<p><strong>Pod</strong>: The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which can consist of one or more containers that communicate with each other. Pods are run on nodes.</p>
+<p><strong>Node</strong>: Typically a virtual machine (VM) that runs Kubernetes components, including the kubelet, kube-proxy, and container runtime.</p>
+<p><strong>Kubelet</strong>: The agent that runs on each node, responsible for managing the pods on its respective VM.</p>
+<p><strong>Kube-proxy</strong>: A network proxy that runs on each node, used by a Service to handle network communication.</p>
+<p><strong>Container runtime</strong>: The software that runs containers within pods. Examples include <code>Docker</code>, <code>containerd</code> (native to Kubernetes), and <code>CRI-O</code>.</p>
+<p><strong>Service</strong>: Assigns a network address to an application, including a persistent IP address and a DNS entry within the cluster. A Service also manages load balancing across pods and can dynamically add or remove them.</p>
+<p><strong>ReplicaSet</strong>: Allows for the creation of multiple pods simultaneously, ensuring that a specified number of identical pods are running at any given time.</p>
+<p><strong>Deployment</strong>: Provides declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets, allowing for rolling updates and rollbacks.</p>
+<p><strong>Control Plane</strong>: A node that manages worker nodes. It consists of the API server, cluster store, controller manager, and scheduler.</p>
+<p><strong>Namespace</strong>: A way to divide cluster resources between multiple users.</p>
+<p><strong>Ingress</strong>: An API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically HTTP.</p>
+<p><strong>Persistent Volume (PV)</strong>: A piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator.</p>
+<p><strong>Persistent Volume Claim (PVC)</strong>: A request for storage by a user.</p>
+<p><strong>ConfigMap</strong>: An API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs.</p>
+<p><strong>Secret</strong>: An API object used to store sensitive data, like passwords and keys.</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="k8s-cli-kubectl">K8s CLI <code>kubectl</code><a class="headerlink" href="#k8s-cli-kubectl" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>The Kubernetes API uses a command-line tool called <code>kubectl</code></p>
+<p>Using K8s does not require you to own or maintain your own cluster. You can use the <code>kubectl</code> tool to connect to running clusters and start your containers.</p>
+<h3 id="install-kubectl">Install <code>kubectl</code><a class="headerlink" href="#install-kubectl" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/" target="_blank">Official Documentation</a></p>
+<p><code>kubectl</code> is already installed in CodeSpaces.</p>
+<p>To install on Linux:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>chmod +x kubectl
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="kubeconfig"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.95 13.5h-.23c-.18.11-.26.32-.18.5l.86 2.11c.83-.53 1.46-1.32 1.79-2.25l-2.23-.36h-.01m-3.45.29a.415.415 0 0 0-.38-.29h-.08l-2.22.37c.33.92.96 1.7 1.79 2.23l.85-2.07V14c.04-.05.04-.14.04-.21m1.83.81a.378.378 0 0 0-.51-.15c-.07.05-.12.08-.15.15h-.01l-1.09 1.97c.78.26 1.62.31 2.43.12.14-.03.29-.07.43-.12l-1.09-1.97h-.01m3.45-4.57L14.1 11.5l.01.03a.37.37 0 0 0-.04.53c.05.06.11.1.18.12l.01.01 2.17.62c.07-.97-.14-1.95-.65-2.78m-3.11.16c.01.21.18.37.39.36.08 0 .15-.02.21-.05h.01l1.83-1.31a4.45 4.45 0 0 0-2.57-1.24l.13 2.24m-1.94.31c.17.11.4.08.52-.09.05-.06.07-.13.08-.21h.01l.12-2.25c-.15.02-.3.05-.46.08-.8.18-1.54.58-2.12 1.16l1.84 1.31h.01m-.99 1.69c.2-.05.32-.26.26-.46 0-.08-.05-.14-.11-.19v-.01L8.21 10c-.52.86-.74 1.84-.63 2.82l2.16-.62v-.01m1.64.66.62.3.62-.3.15-.67-.43-.53h-.69l-.43.53.16.67m10.89 1.32L20.5 6.5c-.09-.42-.37-.76-.74-.94l-7.17-3.43c-.37-.17-.81-.17-1.19 0L4.24 5.56c-.37.18-.65.52-.74.94l-1.77 7.67c-.05.2-.05.4 0 .59.01.06.03.12.05.18.03.09.08.19.13.27.03.04.05.08.09.11l4.95 6.18c.02 0 .05.04.05.06.1.09.19.16.28.22.12.08.26.14.4.17.11.05.23.05.32.05h8.12c.07 0 .14-.03.2-.05.05-.01.1-.03.14-.04.04-.02.07-.03.11-.05.05-.02.1-.05.15-.08.12-.08.23-.18.33-.28l.15-.2 4.8-5.98c.1-.12.17-.25.22-.38.02-.06.04-.12.05-.18.05-.19.05-.4 0-.59m-7.43 2.99c.02.06.04.12.07.17-.04.08-.06.17-.03.26.12.24.23.46.38.68.08.11.16.23.24.34 0 .03.03.08.04.12.12.2.06.46-.15.59s-.47.05-.59-.15c-.01-.03-.02-.05-.03-.08-.02-.03-.04-.09-.06-.09-.05-.15-.09-.28-.12-.41-.09-.25-.17-.49-.3-.72a.375.375 0 0 0-.21-.14l-.08-.16c-1.29.48-2.7.48-3.97-.01l-.1.18c-.07.01-.14.04-.19.09-.14.24-.24.49-.33.77-.03.13-.07.26-.12.4-.02 0-.04.07-.06.1a.43.43 0 0 1-.81-.29c.01-.03.03-.05.04-.08.04-.03.04-.08.04-.11.09-.12.16-.23.24-.35.16-.21.29-.45.39-.69a.54.54 0 0 0-.03-.25l.07-.18a5.611 5.611 0 0 1-2.47-3.09l-.2.03a.388.388 0 0 0-.23-.09c-.27.05-.51.13-.77.22-.11.06-.24.11-.37.15-.03.01-.07.02-.13.03a.438.438 0 0 1-.54-.27c-.07-.23.04-.47.28-.55.02 0 .05-.01.08-.01v-.01h.01l.11-.02c.14-.04.28-.04.41-.04.26 0 .52-.06.77-.12.08-.05.14-.11.19-.19l.19-.05c-.21-1.36.1-2.73.86-3.87l-.14-.12c0-.09-.03-.18-.08-.25-.2-.17-.41-.32-.64-.45-.12-.06-.24-.13-.36-.21-.02-.02-.06-.05-.08-.07l-.01-.01c-.2-.16-.25-.42-.11-.63.09-.1.21-.15.35-.15.11.01.21.05.3.12l.09.07c.1.09.19.2.28.3.18.19.37.37.58.52.08.04.17.05.26.03l.15.11c.75-.8 1.73-1.36 2.8-1.6.25-.06.52-.1.78-.12l.01-.18a.45.45 0 0 0 .14-.23c.01-.26-.01-.52-.05-.77-.03-.13-.05-.27-.06-.41V5.1c-.02-.24.15-.45.39-.48s.44.15.47.38v.22c-.01.14-.03.28-.06.41-.04.25-.06.51-.05.77.02.1.07.17.14.22l.01.19c1.36.12 2.62.73 3.56 1.72l.16-.12c.09.02.18.01.26-.03.21-.15.41-.33.58-.52.09-.1.18-.2.28-.3.03-.02.07-.06.1-.06.17-.18.44-.18.59 0 .19.16.18.43 0 .6 0 .02-.03.04-.06.06a2.495 2.495 0 0 1-.44.28c-.23.13-.45.28-.64.45-.06.07-.09.15-.08.24l-.16.14a5.44 5.44 0 0 1 .88 3.86l.19.05c.04.08.11.14.19.18.25.07.51.11.77.14h.41c.03.03.08.04.12.05.24.03.4.25.37.49-.05.23-.24.4-.48.37-.03-.01-.07-.01-.07-.02v-.01c-.06 0-.1-.01-.14-.02-.13-.04-.25-.09-.36-.15-.26-.1-.5-.17-.77-.21-.09 0-.17 0-.23.08-.07-.01-.13-.02-.19-.03-.41 1.31-1.31 2.41-2.47 3.11Z"/></svg></span> kubeconfig<a class="headerlink" href="#kubeconfig" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>K8s uses YAML files for configuring a cluster. </p>
+<p>The <code>config</code> file is required to make the handshake between the K8s Cluster and external requests, like the one you're making from your local computer or CodeSpace.</p>
+<h4 id="config-yaml"><code>config</code> yaml<a class="headerlink" href="#config-yaml" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>To connect to a running K8s cluster, you need to create a <code>config</code> yaml and place it in the <code>~/.kube/</code> folder.</p>
+<details class="info">
+<summary> example <code>config</code> file</summary>
+<p>Example of the <code>~/.kube/config</code> file which is used for K3s</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>clusters:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>- cluster:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>    certificate-authority-data: DATA+OMITTED
+<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a>    server: https://127.0.0.1:6443
+<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>  name: k3s-tutorial
+<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>contexts:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a>- context:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a>    cluster: k3s-tutorial
+<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a>    namespace: cc2023
+<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a>    user: participant-name
+<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a>  name: k3s-tutorial
+<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a>current-context: k3s-tutorial
+<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a>kind: Config
+<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a>preferences: {}
+<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a>users:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a>- name: participant
+<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a>  user:
+<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a>    client-certificate-data: REDACTED
+<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a>    client-key-data: REDACTED
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<ol>
+<li>
+<p>Copy the <code>~/.kube/config</code> file from your cluster or use our example here over to your localhost or VM and put it into a temporary directory.</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>Make a second copy and put it into your own <code>~/.kube/config</code> folder</p>
+</li>
+</ol>
+<p>By default, the <code>config</code> file is in the <code>~/.kube/</code> directory, but it can be put anywhere or given any name, use the <code>--kubeconfig</code> flag to tell <code>kubectl</code> where to get the config:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>kubectl --kubeconfig /custom/path/kube.config get pods
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="setting-up-the-namespace">Setting up the <code>namespace</code><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-the-namespace" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>kubectl</code> needs to know what the <code>namespace</code> is of of the Cluster config you're working with. </p>
+<p>In the first example today, we're going to be working with a cluster with a pre-set <code>namespace</code></p>
+<p>To set the context and namespace of the cluster on your localhost:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>kubectl config set-context cc2022 --namespace=containercamp2022
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Once the config is set, you should be ready to launch "pods" i.e. containers on the cluster</p>
+<h3 id="pods"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.95 13.5h-.23c-.18.11-.26.32-.18.5l.86 2.11c.83-.53 1.46-1.32 1.79-2.25l-2.23-.36h-.01m-3.45.29a.415.415 0 0 0-.38-.29h-.08l-2.22.37c.33.92.96 1.7 1.79 2.23l.85-2.07V14c.04-.05.04-.14.04-.21m1.83.81a.378.378 0 0 0-.51-.15c-.07.05-.12.08-.15.15h-.01l-1.09 1.97c.78.26 1.62.31 2.43.12.14-.03.29-.07.43-.12l-1.09-1.97h-.01m3.45-4.57L14.1 11.5l.01.03a.37.37 0 0 0-.04.53c.05.06.11.1.18.12l.01.01 2.17.62c.07-.97-.14-1.95-.65-2.78m-3.11.16c.01.21.18.37.39.36.08 0 .15-.02.21-.05h.01l1.83-1.31a4.45 4.45 0 0 0-2.57-1.24l.13 2.24m-1.94.31c.17.11.4.08.52-.09.05-.06.07-.13.08-.21h.01l.12-2.25c-.15.02-.3.05-.46.08-.8.18-1.54.58-2.12 1.16l1.84 1.31h.01m-.99 1.69c.2-.05.32-.26.26-.46 0-.08-.05-.14-.11-.19v-.01L8.21 10c-.52.86-.74 1.84-.63 2.82l2.16-.62v-.01m1.64.66.62.3.62-.3.15-.67-.43-.53h-.69l-.43.53.16.67m10.89 1.32L20.5 6.5c-.09-.42-.37-.76-.74-.94l-7.17-3.43c-.37-.17-.81-.17-1.19 0L4.24 5.56c-.37.18-.65.52-.74.94l-1.77 7.67c-.05.2-.05.4 0 .59.01.06.03.12.05.18.03.09.08.19.13.27.03.04.05.08.09.11l4.95 6.18c.02 0 .05.04.05.06.1.09.19.16.28.22.12.08.26.14.4.17.11.05.23.05.32.05h8.12c.07 0 .14-.03.2-.05.05-.01.1-.03.14-.04.04-.02.07-.03.11-.05.05-.02.1-.05.15-.08.12-.08.23-.18.33-.28l.15-.2 4.8-5.98c.1-.12.17-.25.22-.38.02-.06.04-.12.05-.18.05-.19.05-.4 0-.59m-7.43 2.99c.02.06.04.12.07.17-.04.08-.06.17-.03.26.12.24.23.46.38.68.08.11.16.23.24.34 0 .03.03.08.04.12.12.2.06.46-.15.59s-.47.05-.59-.15c-.01-.03-.02-.05-.03-.08-.02-.03-.04-.09-.06-.09-.05-.15-.09-.28-.12-.41-.09-.25-.17-.49-.3-.72a.375.375 0 0 0-.21-.14l-.08-.16c-1.29.48-2.7.48-3.97-.01l-.1.18c-.07.01-.14.04-.19.09-.14.24-.24.49-.33.77-.03.13-.07.26-.12.4-.02 0-.04.07-.06.1a.43.43 0 0 1-.81-.29c.01-.03.03-.05.04-.08.04-.03.04-.08.04-.11.09-.12.16-.23.24-.35.16-.21.29-.45.39-.69a.54.54 0 0 0-.03-.25l.07-.18a5.611 5.611 0 0 1-2.47-3.09l-.2.03a.388.388 0 0 0-.23-.09c-.27.05-.51.13-.77.22-.11.06-.24.11-.37.15-.03.01-.07.02-.13.03a.438.438 0 0 1-.54-.27c-.07-.23.04-.47.28-.55.02 0 .05-.01.08-.01v-.01h.01l.11-.02c.14-.04.28-.04.41-.04.26 0 .52-.06.77-.12.08-.05.14-.11.19-.19l.19-.05c-.21-1.36.1-2.73.86-3.87l-.14-.12c0-.09-.03-.18-.08-.25-.2-.17-.41-.32-.64-.45-.12-.06-.24-.13-.36-.21-.02-.02-.06-.05-.08-.07l-.01-.01c-.2-.16-.25-.42-.11-.63.09-.1.21-.15.35-.15.11.01.21.05.3.12l.09.07c.1.09.19.2.28.3.18.19.37.37.58.52.08.04.17.05.26.03l.15.11c.75-.8 1.73-1.36 2.8-1.6.25-.06.52-.1.78-.12l.01-.18a.45.45 0 0 0 .14-.23c.01-.26-.01-.52-.05-.77-.03-.13-.05-.27-.06-.41V5.1c-.02-.24.15-.45.39-.48s.44.15.47.38v.22c-.01.14-.03.28-.06.41-.04.25-.06.51-.05.77.02.1.07.17.14.22l.01.19c1.36.12 2.62.73 3.56 1.72l.16-.12c.09.02.18.01.26-.03.21-.15.41-.33.58-.52.09-.1.18-.2.28-.3.03-.02.07-.06.1-.06.17-.18.44-.18.59 0 .19.16.18.43 0 .6 0 .02-.03.04-.06.06a2.495 2.495 0 0 1-.44.28c-.23.13-.45.28-.64.45-.06.07-.09.15-.08.24l-.16.14a5.44 5.44 0 0 1 .88 3.86l.19.05c.04.08.11.14.19.18.25.07.51.11.77.14h.41c.03.03.08.04.12.05.24.03.4.25.37.49-.05.23-.24.4-.48.37-.03-.01-.07-.01-.07-.02v-.01c-.06 0-.1-.01-.14-.02-.13-.04-.25-.09-.36-.15-.26-.1-.5-.17-.77-.21-.09 0-.17 0-.23.08-.07-.01-.13-.02-.19-.03-.41 1.31-1.31 2.41-2.47 3.11Z"/></svg></span> pods<a class="headerlink" href="#pods" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>We are going to launch pods (w/ containers) on the same K3s cluster which is already running in JS-2.</p>
+<p>Create a new file in your VM or localhost called <code>pod1.yaml</code> </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>kind: Pod
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>  name: pod-&lt;change-this-to-your-username&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a>spec:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>  containers:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a>  - name: mypod
+<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a>    image: alpine:3.14
+<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a>    resources:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a>      limits:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a>        memory: 100Mi
+<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a>        cpu: 100m
+<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a>      requests:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a>        memory: 100Mi
+<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a>        cpu: 100m
+<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a>    command: [&quot;sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;, &quot;sleep infinity&quot;]
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="launching-a-pod">Launching a Pod<a class="headerlink" href="#launching-a-pod" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Try launching a pod on the cluster</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>kubectl create -f pod1.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Check to see that it is running</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>kubectl get pods
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Do you see any other pods?</p>
+<p>If the pod hasn't started yet, you can check the timestamp to see if it was created:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Try to connect to your running pod (container)</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>kubectl exec -it pod-&lt;yourusername&gt; -- /bin/sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="pod-networking">Pod networking<a class="headerlink" href="#pod-networking" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Let's check the networking inside the pod</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a># uncomment if ifconfig is not installed
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a># apk add net-tools
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>ifconfig -a
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Exit the pod (<code>ctrl</code>^<code>D</code>)</p>
+<p>Check the IP with <code>kubectl</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>kubectl get pod -o wide pod-&lt;yourname&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="taking-down-a-pod">Taking down a Pod<a class="headerlink" href="#taking-down-a-pod" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Once you've exited the pod, delete it</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>kubectl delete -f pod1.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>double check that its gone</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>kubectl get pods
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="create-a-deployment">Create a Deployment<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-deployment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>While we can create and delete pods on our own, what we realy want is to make our containers have "high availability". </p>
+<p>High availiability means that when a node dies or is restarted, the pod will "come back up" on its own.</p>
+<h2 id="run-a-dashboard">Run a Dashboard<a class="headerlink" href="#run-a-dashboard" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://upcloud.com/community/tutorials/deploy-kubernetes-dashboard/" target="_blank">UpCloud instructions</a></p>
+<p>Once the cluster is up and running, you may choose to create a Dashboard for it</p>
+<p>The Dashboard can only run from a <code>localhost</code> so we have to do an ssh tunnel to connect to it</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>ssh -L localhost:8001:127.0.0.1:8001 &lt;user&gt;@&lt;master_public_IP&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>start the dashboard</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>check to see the dashboard pods are running</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a>kubectl get pods -A
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="create-an-admin-dashboard-user">create an <code>admin</code> dashboard user<a class="headerlink" href="#create-an-admin-dashboard-user" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a>mkdir ~/dashboard &amp;&amp; cd ~/dashboard
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>create a <code>dashboard-admin.yaml</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>kind: ServiceAccount
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>  name: admin-user
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>---
+<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>kind: ClusterRoleBinding
+<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>  name: admin-user
+<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>roleRef:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
+<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>  kind: ClusterRole
+<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>  name: cluster-admin
+<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>subjects:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>- kind: ServiceAccount
+<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>  name: admin-user
+<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>deploy</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a>kubectl apply -f dashboard-admin.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>print the <code>admin</code> token so you can log into the dashboard</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a>kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=&quot;{.secrets[0].name}&quot;) -o jsonpath=&quot;{.data.token}&quot; | base64 --decode
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="create-a-read-only-dashboard-read-onlyyaml-user">create a read-only <code>dashboard-read-only.yaml</code> user<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-read-only-dashboard-read-onlyyaml-user" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>kind: ServiceAccount
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>  name: read-only-user
+<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>---
+<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a>apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a>kind: ClusterRole
+<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a>  annotations:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: &quot;true&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a>  labels:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a>  name: read-only-clusterrole
+<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a>  namespace: default
+<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a>rules:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a>- apiGroups:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a>  - &quot;&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a>  resources: [&quot;*&quot;]
+<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a>  verbs:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a>  - get
+<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a>  - list
+<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a>  - watch
+<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a>- apiGroups:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a>  - extensions
+<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a>  resources: [&quot;*&quot;]
+<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a>  verbs:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a>  - get
+<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a>  - list
+<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a>  - watch
+<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a>- apiGroups:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>  - apps
+<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a>  resources: [&quot;*&quot;]
+<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a>  verbs:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a>  - get
+<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a>  - list
+<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a>  - watch
+<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a>---
+<a id="__codelineno-20-38" name="__codelineno-20-38" href="#__codelineno-20-38"></a>apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+<a id="__codelineno-20-39" name="__codelineno-20-39" href="#__codelineno-20-39"></a>kind: ClusterRoleBinding
+<a id="__codelineno-20-40" name="__codelineno-20-40" href="#__codelineno-20-40"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-41" name="__codelineno-20-41" href="#__codelineno-20-41"></a>  name: read-only-binding
+<a id="__codelineno-20-42" name="__codelineno-20-42" href="#__codelineno-20-42"></a>roleRef:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-43" name="__codelineno-20-43" href="#__codelineno-20-43"></a>  kind: ClusterRole
+<a id="__codelineno-20-44" name="__codelineno-20-44" href="#__codelineno-20-44"></a>  name: read-only-clusterrole
+<a id="__codelineno-20-45" name="__codelineno-20-45" href="#__codelineno-20-45"></a>  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
+<a id="__codelineno-20-46" name="__codelineno-20-46" href="#__codelineno-20-46"></a>subjects:
+<a id="__codelineno-20-47" name="__codelineno-20-47" href="#__codelineno-20-47"></a>- kind: ServiceAccount
+<a id="__codelineno-20-48" name="__codelineno-20-48" href="#__codelineno-20-48"></a>  name: read-only-user
+<a id="__codelineno-20-49" name="__codelineno-20-49" href="#__codelineno-20-49"></a>  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>deploy it</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a>kubectl apply -f dashboard-read-only.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>print read-only token</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a>kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount read-only-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=&quot;{.secrets[0].name}&quot;) -o jsonpath=&quot;{.data.token}&quot; | base64 --decode
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="start-the-dashboard">Start the dashboard<a class="headerlink" href="#start-the-dashboard" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a>kubectl proxy
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a>http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Copy/Paste your admin or read-only token</p>
+<h4 id="delete-the-dashboard">delete the dashboard<a class="headerlink" href="#delete-the-dashboard" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a>kubectl delete -f dashboard-admin.yaml
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>kubectl delete -f dashboard-read-only.yaml
+<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a>kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
+</code></pre></div>
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diff --git a/orchestration/k8s/k8s.md b/orchestration/k8s/k8s.md
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+# Lesson 1: Introduction to Kubernetes
+
+!!! info "Learning Objectives"
+    * Understand what Kubernetes is and its role in managing containerized applications
+    * Recognize the importance and benefits of using Kubernetes in cloud computing
+    * Identify reasons why you may need to use Kubernetes for your own research or projects
+    * Learn about the existence of Kubernetes clusters and how to leverage them using `kubectl`
+
+[:material-kubernetes: Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/what-is-kubernetes/){target=_blank}, or `K8s` for short, is an open-source system designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. 
+
+K8s is the most prevalent platform for managing containerized applications at scale in the realm of cloud computing. If you're considering incorporating containers into your research or project portfolio, it's highly likely you'll interact with a K8s Cluster.
+
+In this introductory lesson, we'll focus on how to leverage *existing* Kubernetes Clusters using `kubectl`.
+
+??? Question ":material-scale-balance: Why would you want to build your own K8s Cluster? "
+
+    You're here to learn about containerized applications and container orchestration. We aim to familiarize you with these technologies and help you understand their place in the roadmap of Cloud Native Computing. However, it's crucial to note,
+
+    :warning: __Designing, deploying, and maintaining your own K8s cluster can be a complex and challenging task__ :warning:
+    
+    - This is partly because there are numerous existing platforms out there, such as managed K8s services. Additionally, managing K8s requires a dedicated DevOps or software engineering team to ensure your platform operates smoothly.
+
+    Still interested in building your own cluster? Here are some reasons why you might need to use K8s for your research or project:
+
+    (1) Your applications consist of multiple services. The K8s API automates the tasks of managing numerous containers and allocating resources. 
+
+    (2) Your work scales dynamically - if your computing needs fluctuate based on workloads, K8s can be useful. Using containers to scale your applications is more efficient than manually launching VMs.
+
+    (3) You have too many containers to manage - K8s excels at its primary function: managing and maintaining containers. 
+
+    (4) Your domain is transitioning to the cloud. If your field is moving towards being cloud-native, it's crucial to develop workflows in anticipation of this shift.
+
+    (5) Consistency is key. K8s' declarative state provides a clear description of how everything is managed.
+
+!!! Info "Kubernetes Terminology"
+
+    **Kubernetes Cluster**: A collection of nodes that run containerized applications. This is the primary unit of organization in Kubernetes.
+
+    **kubectl**: The command-line interface used for interacting with Kubernetes clusters. It enables users to manage various aspects of the cluster.
+
+    **Pod**: The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which can consist of one or more containers that communicate with each other. Pods are run on nodes.
+
+    **Node**: Typically a virtual machine (VM) that runs Kubernetes components, including the kubelet, kube-proxy, and container runtime.
+
+    **Kubelet**: The agent that runs on each node, responsible for managing the pods on its respective VM.
+
+    **Kube-proxy**: A network proxy that runs on each node, used by a Service to handle network communication.
+
+    **Container runtime**: The software that runs containers within pods. Examples include `Docker`, `containerd` (native to Kubernetes), and `CRI-O`.
+
+    **Service**: Assigns a network address to an application, including a persistent IP address and a DNS entry within the cluster. A Service also manages load balancing across pods and can dynamically add or remove them.
+
+    **ReplicaSet**: Allows for the creation of multiple pods simultaneously, ensuring that a specified number of identical pods are running at any given time.
+
+    **Deployment**: Provides declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets, allowing for rolling updates and rollbacks.
+
+    **Control Plane**: A node that manages worker nodes. It consists of the API server, cluster store, controller manager, and scheduler.
+
+    **Namespace**: A way to divide cluster resources between multiple users.
+
+    **Ingress**: An API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically HTTP.
+
+    **Persistent Volume (PV)**: A piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator.
+
+    **Persistent Volume Claim (PVC)**: A request for storage by a user.
+
+    **ConfigMap**: An API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs.
+
+    **Secret**: An API object used to store sensitive data, like passwords and keys.
+    
+
+## K8s CLI `kubectl`
+
+The Kubernetes API uses a command-line tool called `kubectl`
+
+Using K8s does not require you to own or maintain your own cluster. You can use the `kubectl` tool to connect to running clusters and start your containers.
+
+### Install `kubectl`
+
+[Official Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/){target=_blank}
+
+`kubectl` is already installed in CodeSpaces.
+
+To install on Linux:
+
+```
+curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
+chmod +x kubectl
+sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
+```
+
+### :material-kubernetes: kubeconfig 
+
+K8s uses YAML files for configuring a cluster. 
+
+The `config` file is required to make the handshake between the K8s Cluster and external requests, like the one you're making from your local computer or CodeSpace.
+
+#### `config` yaml
+
+To connect to a running K8s cluster, you need to create a `config` yaml and place it in the `~/.kube/` folder.
+
+??? info " example `config` file"
+
+    Example of the `~/.kube/config` file which is used for K3s
+    
+    ```{yaml}
+    apiVersion: v1
+    clusters:
+    - cluster:
+        certificate-authority-data: DATA+OMITTED
+        server: https://127.0.0.1:6443
+      name: k3s-tutorial
+    contexts:
+    - context:
+        cluster: k3s-tutorial
+        namespace: cc2023
+        user: participant-name
+      name: k3s-tutorial
+    current-context: k3s-tutorial
+    kind: Config
+    preferences: {}
+    users:
+    - name: participant
+      user:
+        client-certificate-data: REDACTED
+        client-key-data: REDACTED
+    ```
+
+1. Copy the `~/.kube/config` file from your cluster or use our example here over to your localhost or VM and put it into a temporary directory.
+
+2. Make a second copy and put it into your own `~/.kube/config` folder
+
+By default, the `config` file is in the `~/.kube/` directory, but it can be put anywhere or given any name, use the `--kubeconfig` flag to tell `kubectl` where to get the config:
+
+```
+kubectl --kubeconfig /custom/path/kube.config get pods
+```
+
+#### Setting up the `namespace`
+
+`kubectl` needs to know what the `namespace` is of of the Cluster config you're working with. 
+
+In the first example today, we're going to be working with a cluster with a pre-set `namespace`
+
+To set the context and namespace of the cluster on your localhost:
+
+```
+kubectl config set-context cc2022 --namespace=containercamp2022
+```
+
+Once the config is set, you should be ready to launch "pods" i.e. containers on the cluster
+
+### :material-kubernetes: pods
+
+We are going to launch pods (w/ containers) on the same K3s cluster which is already running in JS-2.
+
+Create a new file in your VM or localhost called `pod1.yaml` 
+
+```
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Pod
+metadata:
+  name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username>
+spec:
+  containers:
+  - name: mypod
+    image: alpine:3.14
+    resources:
+      limits:
+        memory: 100Mi
+        cpu: 100m
+      requests:
+        memory: 100Mi
+        cpu: 100m
+    command: ["sh", "-c", "sleep infinity"]
+```
+
+#### Launching a Pod
+
+Try launching a pod on the cluster
+
+```
+kubectl create -f pod1.yaml
+```
+
+Check to see that it is running
+
+```
+kubectl get pods
+```
+
+Do you see any other pods?
+
+If the pod hasn't started yet, you can check the timestamp to see if it was created:
+
+```
+kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp
+```
+
+Try to connect to your running pod (container)
+
+```
+kubectl exec -it pod-<yourusername> -- /bin/sh
+```
+
+#### Pod networking
+
+Let's check the networking inside the pod
+
+```
+# uncomment if ifconfig is not installed
+# apk add net-tools
+ifconfig -a
+```
+
+Exit the pod (`ctrl`^`D`)
+
+Check the IP with `kubectl`
+
+```
+kubectl get pod -o wide pod-<yourname>
+```
+
+#### Taking down a Pod
+
+Once you've exited the pod, delete it
+
+```
+kubectl delete -f pod1.yaml
+```
+
+double check that its gone
+
+```
+kubectl get pods
+```
+
+## Create a Deployment
+
+While we can create and delete pods on our own, what we realy want is to make our containers have "high availability". 
+
+High availiability means that when a node dies or is restarted, the pod will "come back up" on its own.
+
+## Run a Dashboard
+
+[UpCloud instructions](https://upcloud.com/community/tutorials/deploy-kubernetes-dashboard/){target=_blank}
+
+Once the cluster is up and running, you may choose to create a Dashboard for it
+
+The Dashboard can only run from a `localhost` so we have to do an ssh tunnel to connect to it
+
+```
+ssh -L localhost:8001:127.0.0.1:8001 <user>@<master_public_IP>
+```
+
+start the dashboard
+
+```
+kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
+```
+
+check to see the dashboard pods are running
+
+```
+kubectl get pods -A
+```
+
+#### create an `admin` dashboard user
+
+```
+mkdir ~/dashboard && cd ~/dashboard
+```
+
+create a `dashboard-admin.yaml`
+
+```
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ServiceAccount
+metadata:
+  name: admin-user
+  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+---
+apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+kind: ClusterRoleBinding
+metadata:
+  name: admin-user
+roleRef:
+  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
+  kind: ClusterRole
+  name: cluster-admin
+subjects:
+- kind: ServiceAccount
+  name: admin-user
+  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+```
+
+deploy
+
+```
+kubectl apply -f dashboard-admin.yaml
+```
+
+print the `admin` token so you can log into the dashboard
+
+```
+kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o jsonpath="{.data.token}" | base64 --decode
+```
+
+#### create a read-only `dashboard-read-only.yaml` user
+
+```
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ServiceAccount
+metadata:
+  name: read-only-user
+  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+---
+apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+kind: ClusterRole
+metadata:
+  annotations:
+    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
+  labels:
+  name: read-only-clusterrole
+  namespace: default
+rules:
+- apiGroups:
+  - ""
+  resources: ["*"]
+  verbs:
+  - get
+  - list
+  - watch
+- apiGroups:
+  - extensions
+  resources: ["*"]
+  verbs:
+  - get
+  - list
+  - watch
+- apiGroups:
+  - apps
+  resources: ["*"]
+  verbs:
+  - get
+  - list
+  - watch
+---
+apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
+kind: ClusterRoleBinding
+metadata:
+  name: read-only-binding
+roleRef:
+  kind: ClusterRole
+  name: read-only-clusterrole
+  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
+subjects:
+- kind: ServiceAccount
+  name: read-only-user
+  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
+```
+
+deploy it
+
+```
+kubectl apply -f dashboard-read-only.yaml
+```
+
+print read-only token
+
+```
+kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount read-only-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o jsonpath="{.data.token}" | base64 --decode
+```
+
+#### Start the dashboard
+
+```
+kubectl proxy
+```
+
+```
+http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/
+```
+
+Copy/Paste your admin or read-only token
+
+#### delete the dashboard
+
+```
+kubectl delete -f dashboard-admin.yaml
+kubectl delete -f dashboard-read-only.yaml
+kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
+```
\ No newline at end of file
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+
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
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+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
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+          
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
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+          
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
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+      </nav>
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+  
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+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
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+          
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+  
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+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+              
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
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+    </li>
+  
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+          
+            
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+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
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+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Manage private container registry
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-registry-server" class="md-nav__link">
+     Docker Registry Server
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#harbor" class="md-nav__link">
+     Harbor
+  </a>
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+     Docker Registry Server
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+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Manage private container registry</h1>
+
+<p>If you maintain your own cyberinfrastructure and are pulling many containers per day, you may consider hosting your own registry.</p>
+<h3 id="docker-registry-server"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Registry Server<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-registry-server" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Setting up your own Docker Registry Server </p>
+<p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/" target="_blank">Registry deployment documentation</a></p>
+<h3 id="harbor"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1 10V2l9 3v2l-9 3m7 0V8h5V4H8V3l4-2 4 2v1h-1v4h1v2h-1.26l-6.3 3.64L9 10H8M7 23l.04-.24 9.11-5.26.52 3.38L13 23H7m1.05-6.83L15.31 12l.52 3.37-8.4 4.85.62-4.05Z"/></svg></span> Harbor<a class="headerlink" href="#harbor" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://goharbor.io/" target="_blank">Harbor</a> is for managing container registries with Kubernetes</p>
+<p>CyVerse manages their own public/private Harbor server for their Discovery Environment. You can authenticate to it using your CyVerse user account.</p>
+<p><a href="" target="_blank">https://harbor.cyverse.org</a></p>
+<p>CyVerse featured Docker containers in the Discovery Environment are cached on our Harbor, using a combination of GitHub Actions.</p>
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diff --git a/orchestration/registry/registry.md b/orchestration/registry/registry.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3fb5f6b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/registry/registry.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+If you maintain your own cyberinfrastructure and are pulling many containers per day, you may consider hosting your own registry.
+
+### :material-docker: Docker Registry Server
+
+Setting up your own Docker Registry Server 
+
+[Registry deployment documentation](https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/){target=_blank}
+
+### :material-lighthouse-on: Harbor
+
+[Harbor](https://goharbor.io/){target=_blank} is for managing container registries with Kubernetes
+
+CyVerse manages their own public/private Harbor server for their Discovery Environment. You can authenticate to it using your CyVerse user account.
+
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+
+CyVerse featured Docker containers in the Discovery Environment are cached on our Harbor, using a combination of GitHub Actions.
+
+[https://github.com/cyverse-vice](){target=_blank} 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/orchestration/terra/index.html b/orchestration/terra/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..75699b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/terra/index.html
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+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" checked>
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Introduction to Terraform
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Prerequisites">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#getting-onto-openstack-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+    Getting onto  OpenStack Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-installation" class="md-nav__link">
+     Terraform installation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#generate-an-openstack-credential-for-terraform" class="md-nav__link">
+    Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#initialize-your-terraform-project" class="md-nav__link">
+    Initialize your Terraform project
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Initialize your Terraform project">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#configuration-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Configuration files
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Configuration files">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#file-organization" class="md-nav__link">
+    File Organization
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="File Organization">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#other-optional-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Other optional files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-configuration-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Terraform configuration files.
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Terraform configuration files.">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#maintf" class="md-nav__link">
+     main.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#variablestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     variables.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#securitytf" class="md-nav__link">
+     security.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#instancestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     instances.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#outputtf" class="md-nav__link">
+     output.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraformtfvars" class="md-nav__link">
+     terraform.tfvars
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#intermediate-directories-and-files" class="md-nav__link">
+     Intermediate directories and files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-commands" class="md-nav__link">
+     Terraform Commands
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" Terraform Commands">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#init" class="md-nav__link">
+     init
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#plan" class="md-nav__link">
+     plan
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#apply" class="md-nav__link">
+     apply
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#destroy" class="md-nav__link">
+     destroy
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#troubleshooting" class="md-nav__link">
+    Troubleshooting
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#overview" class="md-nav__link">
+    Overview
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#prerequisites" class="md-nav__link">
+    Prerequisites
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Prerequisites">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#getting-onto-openstack-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+    Getting onto  OpenStack Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-installation" class="md-nav__link">
+     Terraform installation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#generate-an-openstack-credential-for-terraform" class="md-nav__link">
+    Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#initialize-your-terraform-project" class="md-nav__link">
+    Initialize your Terraform project
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Initialize your Terraform project">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#configuration-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Configuration files
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Configuration files">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#file-organization" class="md-nav__link">
+    File Organization
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="File Organization">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#other-optional-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Other optional files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-configuration-files" class="md-nav__link">
+    Terraform configuration files.
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Terraform configuration files.">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#maintf" class="md-nav__link">
+     main.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#variablestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     variables.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#securitytf" class="md-nav__link">
+     security.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#instancestf" class="md-nav__link">
+     instances.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#outputtf" class="md-nav__link">
+     output.tf
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraformtfvars" class="md-nav__link">
+     terraform.tfvars
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#intermediate-directories-and-files" class="md-nav__link">
+     Intermediate directories and files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#terraform-commands" class="md-nav__link">
+     Terraform Commands
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" Terraform Commands">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#init" class="md-nav__link">
+     init
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#plan" class="md-nav__link">
+     plan
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#apply" class="md-nav__link">
+     apply
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#destroy" class="md-nav__link">
+     destroy
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#troubleshooting" class="md-nav__link">
+    Troubleshooting
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/orchestration/terra.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="introduction-to-terraform">Introduction to Terraform<a class="headerlink" href="#introduction-to-terraform" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p><a href="https://www.terraform.io/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform</a> is an open-source infrastructure-as-code (IaC) software tool created by <a href="https://www.hashicorp.com/" target="_blank">HashiCorp</a>.</p>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>What is Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC)?</summary>
+<p>"Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools." - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_code" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12.09 13.119c-.936 1.932-2.217 4.548-2.853 5.728-.616 1.074-1.127.931-1.532.029-1.406-3.321-4.293-9.144-5.651-12.409-.251-.601-.441-.987-.619-1.139-.181-.15-.554-.24-1.122-.271C.103 5.033 0 4.982 0 4.898v-.455l.052-.045c.924-.005 5.401 0 5.401 0l.051.045v.434c0 .119-.075.176-.225.176l-.564.031c-.485.029-.727.164-.727.436 0 .135.053.33.166.601 1.082 2.646 4.818 10.521 4.818 10.521l.136.046 2.411-4.81-.482-1.067-1.658-3.264s-.318-.654-.428-.872c-.728-1.443-.712-1.518-1.447-1.617-.207-.023-.313-.05-.313-.149v-.468l.06-.045h4.292l.113.037v.451c0 .105-.076.15-.227.15l-.308.047c-.792.061-.661.381-.136 1.422l1.582 3.252 1.758-3.504c.293-.64.233-.801.111-.947-.07-.084-.305-.22-.812-.24l-.201-.021a.228.228 0 0 1-.145-.051.15.15 0 0 1-.067-.129v-.427l.061-.045c1.247-.008 4.043 0 4.043 0l.059.045v.436c0 .121-.059.178-.193.178-.646.03-.782.095-1.023.439-.12.186-.375.589-.646 1.039l-2.301 4.273-.065.135 2.792 5.712.17.048 4.396-10.438c.154-.422.129-.722-.064-.895-.197-.172-.346-.273-.857-.295l-.42-.016a.255.255 0 0 1-.152-.045c-.043-.029-.072-.075-.072-.119v-.436l.059-.045h4.961l.041.045v.437c0 .119-.074.18-.209.18-.648.03-1.127.18-1.443.421-.314.255-.557.616-.736 1.067 0 0-4.043 9.258-5.426 12.339-.525 1.007-1.053.917-1.503-.031-.571-1.171-1.773-3.786-2.646-5.71l.053-.036z"/></svg></span> Wikipedia</a></p>
+<p>IaC tools allow you to manage infrastructure with configuration files rather than through a graphical user interface. IaC allows you to build, change, and manage your infrastructure in a safe, consistent, and repeatable way by defining resource configurations that you can version, reuse, and share. -- <a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/tutorials/aws-get-started/infrastructure-as-code" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform Documentation</a></p>
+</details>
+<h2 id="overview">Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>This basic tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) as infrastructure on OpenStack Cloud.  </p>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Goals</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Understand orchestration for deployment to OpenStack cloud (Jetstream2)</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Understand the benefits of Terraform</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Ability to perform basic deployments on OpenStack using Terraform</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Ability to perform provisioning of deployed OpenStack resources through Terraform</p>
+<details class="failure">
+<summary>Things we won't cover</summary>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> OpenStack API</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> All of Terraform's features</p>
+</details>
+</div>
+<h2 id="prerequisites">Prerequisites<a class="headerlink" href="#prerequisites" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li>
+<p>Basic understanding of <a href="https://www.openstack.org/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.575 9.29h5.418v5.42h-5.418zM0 9.29h5.419v5.42H0zm18.575 7.827a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.206 1.206H6.623a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.205-1.206v-.858H0v5.252a2.236 2.236 0 0 0 2.229 2.23h19.53A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 24 21.512V16.26h-5.425zM21.763.258H2.233a2.236 2.236 0 0 0-2.23 2.23V7.74h5.419v-.858a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205-1.206h10.746a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205 1.206v.858H24V2.487A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 21.763.258Z"/></svg></span> OpenStack</a> and VMs</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/" target="_blank">Jetstream2</a>)</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform</a> installed on your local machine</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>Optional: request your own allocation to Jetstream2 on <a href="https://allocations.access-ci.org/" target="_blank">NSF ACCESS-CI</a></p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="admonition success">
+<p class="admonition-title">Outcomes</p>
+<p>By the end of this tutorial, you will </p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> have created SSH keypair</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> generated an <code>*-openrc.sh</code> file from OpenStack</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> started, stopped, and destroyed a Terraform deployment on an OpenStack Cloud</p>
+</div>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>Terminology</summary>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Ansible</strong> - is a suite of software tools that enables infrastructure as code</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Deploy</strong> - to create a cloud resource or software</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Infrastructure</strong> - is the collection of hardware and software elements such as computing power, networking, storage, and virtualization resources needed to enable cloud computing</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Orchestration</strong> - is the automated configuring, coordinating, and managing of computer systems and software</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Playbook</strong> - are a list of tasks that automatically execute against a host</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Provision</strong> - making changes to a VM including updating the operating system, installing software, adding configurations</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 5.14v14l11-7-11-7Z"/></svg></span> Terraform</strong> - is an infrastructure as code tool that lets you build, change, and version cloud and on-prem resources safely and efficiently</p>
+</details>
+<h3 id="getting-onto-openstack-cloud">Getting onto <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.575 9.29h5.418v5.42h-5.418zM0 9.29h5.419v5.42H0zm18.575 7.827a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.206 1.206H6.623a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.205-1.206v-.858H0v5.252a2.236 2.236 0 0 0 2.229 2.23h19.53A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 24 21.512V16.26h-5.425zM21.763.258H2.233a2.236 2.236 0 0 0-2.23 2.23V7.74h5.419v-.858a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205-1.206h10.746a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205 1.206v.858H24V2.487A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 21.763.258Z"/></svg></span> OpenStack Cloud<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-onto-openstack-cloud" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>What is OpenStack?</summary>
+<p><a href="https://www.openstack.org/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.575 9.29h5.418v5.42h-5.418zM0 9.29h5.419v5.42H0zm18.575 7.827a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.206 1.206H6.623a1.207 1.207 0 0 1-1.205-1.206v-.858H0v5.252a2.236 2.236 0 0 0 2.229 2.23h19.53A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 24 21.512V16.26h-5.425zM21.763.258H2.233a2.236 2.236 0 0 0-2.23 2.23V7.74h5.419v-.858a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205-1.206h10.746a1.206 1.206 0 0 1 1.205 1.206v.858H24V2.487A2.237 2.237 0 0 0 21.763.258Z"/></svg></span> OpenStack</a> is an open source cloud computing infrastructure software project and is one of the three most active open source projects in the world.</p>
+<p>OpenStack clouds are managed by individuals and institutions on their own bare-metal hardware. </p>
+</details>
+<p><a href="https://allocations.access-ci.org/" target="_blank"><img alt="ACCESS" src="../../assets/terraform/access-logo.svg" width="200" /></a> </p>
+<p>If you do not have an account, go to <a href="https://allocations.access-ci.org/" target="_blank">https://allocations.access-ci.org/</a> and begin the process by requesting an "Explore" start-up allocation. </p>
+<p>ACCESS is the NSF's management layer for their research computing network (formerly called TerraGrid and XSEDE) which includes high performance computing, high throughput computing, and research clouds like Jetstream2. </p>
+<p><a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/access/" target="_blank"><img alt="JS2" src="../../assets/terraform/js2-logo.png" width="200" /></a> </p>
+<p>Jetstream2 is a public research cloud which uses OpenStack as its management layer. </p>
+<p>CyVerse is developing a User Interface for Jetstream2 called <a href="https://cacao.jetstream-cloud.org/help" target="_blank">CACAO (Cloud Automation &amp; Continuous Analysis Orchestration)</a>. Beneath its hood is Terraform. CACAO can also be used from the CLI (which we will <a href="../cacao_terra/">show in a later lesson</a>).</p>
+<h2 id="terraform-installation"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform installation<a class="headerlink" href="#terraform-installation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/tutorials/aws-get-started/install-cli#install-terraform" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Official Documentation</a></p>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Windows Installation</summary>
+<p>Download <a href="https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads">Terraform</a> using the appropriate distribution for your OS</p>
+</details>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Mac OS X Installation</summary>
+<p>Instructions for Mac OS X installation</p>
+<p>If you're on OS X, you can use <a href="https://brew.sh/">brew</a> to install with the following commands:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="c1"># install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>brew<span class="w"> </span>tap<span class="w"> </span>hashicorp/tap<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>brew<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>hashicorp/tap/terraform
+<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="c1"># install ansible and jq (for processing terraform&#39;s statefile into an ansible inventory)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>brew<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>ansible<span class="w"> </span>jq
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Linux Installation</summary>
+<p>Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>wget<span class="w"> </span>-O-<span class="w"> </span>https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>gpg<span class="w"> </span>--dearmor<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>tee<span class="w"> </span>/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com </span><span class="k">$(</span>lsb_release<span class="w"> </span>-cs<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"> main&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>tee<span class="w"> </span>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>terraform
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Install Ansible &amp; J Query</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt-add-repository<span class="w"> </span>ppa:ansible/ansible
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="w"> </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-y<span class="w"> </span>ansible<span class="w"> </span>jq
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<p>Confirm installation:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>terraform
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Should output:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>Usage:<span class="w"> </span>terraform<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>global<span class="w"> </span>options<span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span>&lt;subcommand&gt;<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>args<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a>The<span class="w"> </span>available<span class="w"> </span>commands<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>execution<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>listed<span class="w"> </span>below.
+<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>The<span class="w"> </span>primary<span class="w"> </span>workflow<span class="w"> </span>commands<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>given<span class="w"> </span>first,<span class="w"> </span>followed<span class="w"> </span>by
+<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a>less<span class="w"> </span>common<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>more<span class="w"> </span>advanced<span class="w"> </span>commands.
+<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a>Main<span class="w"> </span>commands:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w">  </span>init<span class="w">          </span>Prepare<span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>working<span class="w"> </span>directory<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>other<span class="w"> </span>commands
+<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w">  </span>validate<span class="w">      </span>Check<span class="w"> </span>whether<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>configuration<span class="w"> </span>is<span class="w"> </span>valid
+<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w">  </span>plan<span class="w">          </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>changes<span class="w"> </span>required<span class="w"> </span>by<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>current<span class="w"> </span>configuration
+<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w">  </span>apply<span class="w">         </span>Create<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span>infrastructure
+<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w">  </span>destroy<span class="w">       </span>Destroy<span class="w"> </span>previously-created<span class="w"> </span>infrastructure
+<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a>All<span class="w"> </span>other<span class="w"> </span>commands:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w">  </span>console<span class="w">       </span>Try<span class="w"> </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>expressions<span class="w"> </span>at<span class="w"> </span>an<span class="w"> </span>interactive<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">command</span><span class="w"> </span>prompt
+<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w">  </span>fmt<span class="w">           </span>Reformat<span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>configuration<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>standard<span class="w"> </span>style
+<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w">  </span>force-unlock<span class="w">  </span>Release<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>stuck<span class="w"> </span>lock<span class="w"> </span>on<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>current<span class="w"> </span>workspace
+<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w">  </span>get<span class="w">           </span>Install<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>upgrade<span class="w"> </span>remote<span class="w"> </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>modules
+<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w">  </span>graph<span class="w">         </span>Generate<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>Graphviz<span class="w"> </span>graph<span class="w"> </span>of<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>steps<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span>an<span class="w"> </span>operation
+<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w">  </span>import<span class="w">        </span>Associate<span class="w"> </span>existing<span class="w"> </span>infrastructure<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>resource
+<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w">  </span>login<span class="w">         </span>Obtain<span class="w"> </span>and<span class="w"> </span>save<span class="w"> </span>credentials<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>remote<span class="w"> </span>host
+<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nb">logout</span><span class="w">        </span>Remove<span class="w"> </span>locally-stored<span class="w"> </span>credentials<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>remote<span class="w"> </span>host
+<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w">  </span>metadata<span class="w">      </span>Metadata<span class="w"> </span>related<span class="w"> </span>commands
+<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="w">  </span>output<span class="w">        </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>output<span class="w"> </span>values<span class="w"> </span>from<span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>root<span class="w"> </span>module
+<a id="__codelineno-4-25" name="__codelineno-4-25" href="#__codelineno-4-25"></a><span class="w">  </span>providers<span class="w">     </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>providers<span class="w"> </span>required<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>this<span class="w"> </span>configuration
+<a id="__codelineno-4-26" name="__codelineno-4-26" href="#__codelineno-4-26"></a><span class="w">  </span>refresh<span class="w">       </span>Update<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>state<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>match<span class="w"> </span>remote<span class="w"> </span>systems
+<a id="__codelineno-4-27" name="__codelineno-4-27" href="#__codelineno-4-27"></a><span class="w">  </span>show<span class="w">          </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>current<span class="w"> </span>state<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>saved<span class="w"> </span>plan
+<a id="__codelineno-4-28" name="__codelineno-4-28" href="#__codelineno-4-28"></a><span class="w">  </span>state<span class="w">         </span>Advanced<span class="w"> </span>state<span class="w"> </span>management
+<a id="__codelineno-4-29" name="__codelineno-4-29" href="#__codelineno-4-29"></a><span class="w">  </span>taint<span class="w">         </span>Mark<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span>instance<span class="w"> </span>as<span class="w"> </span>not<span class="w"> </span>fully<span class="w"> </span>functional
+<a id="__codelineno-4-30" name="__codelineno-4-30" href="#__codelineno-4-30"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nb">test</span><span class="w">          </span>Experimental<span class="w"> </span>support<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>module<span class="w"> </span>integration<span class="w"> </span>testing
+<a id="__codelineno-4-31" name="__codelineno-4-31" href="#__codelineno-4-31"></a><span class="w">  </span>untaint<span class="w">       </span>Remove<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;tainted&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span>state<span class="w"> </span>from<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span>instance
+<a id="__codelineno-4-32" name="__codelineno-4-32" href="#__codelineno-4-32"></a><span class="w">  </span>version<span class="w">       </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>current<span class="w"> </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>version
+<a id="__codelineno-4-33" name="__codelineno-4-33" href="#__codelineno-4-33"></a><span class="w">  </span>workspace<span class="w">     </span>Workspace<span class="w"> </span>management
+<a id="__codelineno-4-34" name="__codelineno-4-34" href="#__codelineno-4-34"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-35" name="__codelineno-4-35" href="#__codelineno-4-35"></a>Global<span class="w"> </span>options<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>use<span class="w"> </span>these<span class="w"> </span>before<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>subcommand,<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span>any<span class="o">)</span>:
+<a id="__codelineno-4-36" name="__codelineno-4-36" href="#__codelineno-4-36"></a><span class="w">  </span>-chdir<span class="o">=</span>DIR<span class="w">    </span>Switch<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>different<span class="w"> </span>working<span class="w"> </span>directory<span class="w"> </span>before<span class="w"> </span>executing<span class="w"> </span>the
+<a id="__codelineno-4-37" name="__codelineno-4-37" href="#__codelineno-4-37"></a><span class="w">                </span>given<span class="w"> </span>subcommand.
+<a id="__codelineno-4-38" name="__codelineno-4-38" href="#__codelineno-4-38"></a><span class="w">  </span>-help<span class="w">         </span>Show<span class="w"> </span>this<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">help</span><span class="w"> </span>output,<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">help</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>specified<span class="w"> </span>subcommand.
+<a id="__codelineno-4-39" name="__codelineno-4-39" href="#__codelineno-4-39"></a><span class="w">  </span>-version<span class="w">      </span>An<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">alias</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;version&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>subcommand.
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="generate-an-openstack-credential-for-terraform">Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform<a class="headerlink" href="#generate-an-openstack-credential-for-terraform" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface</p>
+<p><strong>Step 1</strong> Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface and create application credentials</p>
+<p>Generate an <code>openrc.sh</code> file in Jetstream2 Horizon Interface (<a href="https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org">https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org</a>), </p>
+<p>Select the "Identity" then "Application Credentials" option in the menu (left side)</p>
+<p>Select "+ Create Application Credential" button on right</p>
+<p><img alt="create application credential" src="../../assets/terraform/create_app_cred.png" /></p>
+<p>Give your new credentials a name and description, leave most of the fields blank</p>
+<p><img alt="create description application credential" src="../../assets/terraform/description_app_cred.png" /></p>
+<p>Download the new crededential <code>openrc.sh</code> file to your local</p>
+<div class="admonition tip">
+<p class="admonition-title"><strong>Important</strong></p>
+<p>Do not close the Application Credentials window without copying the <code>secret</code> or downloading the <code>openrc.sh</code> file.</p>
+<p><img alt="download credential" src="../../assets/terraform/download_app_cred.png" /></p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack">Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack<a class="headerlink" href="#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<details class="tip">
+<summary>Creating a SSH key</summary>
+<p>To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps:</p>
+<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>ssh-keygen<span class="w"> </span>-t<span class="w"> </span>rsa<span class="w"> </span>-b<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4096</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>Step 2:</strong> When prompted, press "Enter" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key.</p>
+<p>Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later.</p>
+<p>Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="nb">eval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span>ssh-agent<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>ssh-add<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/id_rsa
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>Step 3:</strong> Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing "user" and "server" with your username and server address:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>ssh-copy-id<span class="w"> </span>&lt;user&gt;@&lt;server-ip&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>create_ssh_script.sh:</strong></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="ch">#!/bin/bash</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Generating SSH key pair...&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>ssh-keygen<span class="w"> </span>-t<span class="w"> </span>rsa<span class="w"> </span>-b<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4096</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Adding key to SSH agent...&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="nb">eval</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="k">$(</span>ssh-agent<span class="w"> </span>-s<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a>ssh-add<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/id_rsa
+<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="nb">read</span><span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Enter your remote server username: &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>username
+<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="nb">read</span><span class="w"> </span>-p<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Enter your remote server IP address: &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>server
+<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a>ssh-copy-id<span class="w"> </span>username@server
+<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="nb">echo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;SSH key setup complete!&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>chmod<span class="w"> </span>+x<span class="w"> </span>create_ssh_script.sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>run it with the following command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>./create_ssh_script.sh
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<p>Check to make sure you have a public key in the <code>~/.ssh/</code> directory, it should have the extension <code>.pub</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>ls<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Create the keypair to OpenStack</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>openstack<span class="w"> </span>keypair<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>--public-key<span class="w"> </span>~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub<span class="w"> </span>tswetnam-terraform-key
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You can now check in OpenStack for the new keypair here: <a href="https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs" target="_blank">https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs</a></p>
+<h2 id="initialize-your-terraform-project">Initialize your Terraform project<a class="headerlink" href="#initialize-your-terraform-project" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Create a new project folder for our configuration files.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>~/terraform
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Copy the <code>openrc.sh</code> file you downloaded from OpenStack into the new folder.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>cp<span class="w"> </span>*-openrc.sh<span class="w"> </span>~/terraform/
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Change Directory into your new <code>terraform/</code> folder and <code>source</code> the <code>openrc.sh</code> file to create its environmental variables locally.</p>
+<p>By sourcing this file, you avoid placing sensitive information about yourself into your code. </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="nb">source</span><span class="w"> </span>*-openrc.sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="configuration-files">Configuration files<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-files" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Terraform code is written in HCL (Hashicorp Configuration Language), and its configuration files typically end in the <code>.tf</code> file extension. </p>
+<p>Configuration <code>.tf</code> files can either be split into multiple files or maintained in a single file. </p>
+<p>When using multiple files, it is up to your discretion what the file names are, or how many you decide to split it into.</p>
+<h4 id="file-organization">File Organization<a class="headerlink" href="#file-organization" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>An example for file organization of a terraform project might involve:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="nt">terraform-project</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">main</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">variables</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">outputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">instances</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">security</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">modules</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">network</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">│</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">main</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">│</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">variables</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">│</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">outputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">compute</span><span class="o">/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">main</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="err">├──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">variables</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="err">└──</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">outputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">tf</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Main Configuration File (<code>main.tf</code>):</strong> - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Security File (<code>security.tf</code>):</strong> - contains optional security group details for instances.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Variables File (<code>variables.tf</code>):</strong> - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Instances File (<code>instances.tf</code>):</strong> - provisions the Instance flavor and IP networking of the VMs</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Outputs File (<code>outputs.tf</code>):</strong> - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources.</p>
+<h5 id="other-optional-files">Other optional files<a class="headerlink" href="#other-optional-files" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h5>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Provider Configuration File (<code>provider.tf</code>):</strong> - includes the provider(s) used in the configuration, such as OpenStack (on commerical cloud: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure, or Google Cloud Platform(GCP)) along with their authentication and regional settings.</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Modules and Reusable Configurations:</strong> - create separate <code>.tf</code> files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.</p>
+<h2 id="terraform-configuration-files">Terraform configuration files.<a class="headerlink" href="#terraform-configuration-files" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Create the <code>main.tf</code> file in the <code>~/terraform/</code> directory</p>
+<h4 id="maintf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>main.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#maintf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">required_version</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;&gt;= 0.14.0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w">  </span>required_providers<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">openstack</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="nb">source</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform-provider-openstack/openstack&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w">      </span><span class="nv">version</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;&gt;=1.47.0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>provider<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">auth_url</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:5000/v3/&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The <code>main.tf</code> file has just the basics for calling out to an OpenStack provider - we created the necessary configurations for this in the prior steps by sourcing the <code>*-openrc.sh</code> file and running <code>terraform init</code>. </p>
+<h4 id="variablestf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>variables.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#variablestf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Create <code>variables.tf</code>, it can also be called <code>inputs.tf</code> </p>
+<p>Here you need to go back to OpenStack and get a couple of additional variables:</p>
+<p><code>vm_number</code> - defines the number of VMs you wish to launch</p>
+<p><code>public_key</code> - you need the name of your paired SSH key that you generated in the <a href="#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack">prior step</a></p>
+<p><code>image_name</code> - select the name of a featured or unique image you wish to launch.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a>variable<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;vm_number&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># creates a single VM</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># replace with a larger number to launch more than one VM</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">default</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a>variable<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;public_key&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># replace this with the name of the public ssh key you uploaded to Jetstream 2</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/cli/managing-ssh-keys/</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">default</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tswetnam-terraform-key&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a>variable<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;image_name&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># replace this with the image name of the ubuntu iso you want to use</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/images </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">default</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Featured-Ubuntu20&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a>variable<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;network_name&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># replace this with the id of the public interface on JS2 in Project / Network / Networks / public</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/networks/ </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">default</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;auto_allocated_network&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="securitytf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>security.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#securitytf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>This file produces two distinct security groups, <code>terraform_ssh_ping</code> creates a group with <code>ssh</code> access and <code>ping</code>, <code>terraform_tcp_1</code> creates a group which opens the HTTP (80, 8080), HTTPS (443) ports for connecting a browser based service.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="c1">#Security section</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="c1"># Creating Compute Security group</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">#ssh rule</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w">  </span>rule<span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="s2">&quot;22&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="s2">&quot;22&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="w">  </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;icmp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="c1"># Create a Netowrking Security group</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-27" name="__codelineno-19-27" href="#__codelineno-19-27"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-28" name="__codelineno-19-28" href="#__codelineno-19-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-29" name="__codelineno-19-29" href="#__codelineno-19-29"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-30" name="__codelineno-19-30" href="#__codelineno-19-30"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-31" name="__codelineno-19-31" href="#__codelineno-19-31"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-32" name="__codelineno-19-32" href="#__codelineno-19-32"></a><span class="c1"># Allow HTTP (port 80) traffic</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-33" name="__codelineno-19-33" href="#__codelineno-19-33"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;http_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-34" name="__codelineno-19-34" href="#__codelineno-19-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-35" name="__codelineno-19-35" href="#__codelineno-19-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-36" name="__codelineno-19-36" href="#__codelineno-19-36"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-37" name="__codelineno-19-37" href="#__codelineno-19-37"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-38" name="__codelineno-19-38" href="#__codelineno-19-38"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-39" name="__codelineno-19-39" href="#__codelineno-19-39"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-40" name="__codelineno-19-40" href="#__codelineno-19-40"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">openstack_networking_secgroup_v2</span><span class="p">.terraform_tcp_1.id</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-41" name="__codelineno-19-41" href="#__codelineno-19-41"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-42" name="__codelineno-19-42" href="#__codelineno-19-42"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-43" name="__codelineno-19-43" href="#__codelineno-19-43"></a><span class="c1"># Allow HTTPS (port 443) traffic</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-44" name="__codelineno-19-44" href="#__codelineno-19-44"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;https_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-45" name="__codelineno-19-45" href="#__codelineno-19-45"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-46" name="__codelineno-19-46" href="#__codelineno-19-46"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-47" name="__codelineno-19-47" href="#__codelineno-19-47"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-48" name="__codelineno-19-48" href="#__codelineno-19-48"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-49" name="__codelineno-19-49" href="#__codelineno-19-49"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-50" name="__codelineno-19-50" href="#__codelineno-19-50"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-51" name="__codelineno-19-51" href="#__codelineno-19-51"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">openstack_networking_secgroup_v2</span><span class="p">.terraform_tcp_1.id</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-52" name="__codelineno-19-52" href="#__codelineno-19-52"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-53" name="__codelineno-19-53" href="#__codelineno-19-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-54" name="__codelineno-19-54" href="#__codelineno-19-54"></a><span class="c1"># Allow Service (port 8080) traffic</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-55" name="__codelineno-19-55" href="#__codelineno-19-55"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;service_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-56" name="__codelineno-19-56" href="#__codelineno-19-56"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-57" name="__codelineno-19-57" href="#__codelineno-19-57"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-58" name="__codelineno-19-58" href="#__codelineno-19-58"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-59" name="__codelineno-19-59" href="#__codelineno-19-59"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-60" name="__codelineno-19-60" href="#__codelineno-19-60"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-61" name="__codelineno-19-61" href="#__codelineno-19-61"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-62" name="__codelineno-19-62" href="#__codelineno-19-62"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">openstack_networking_secgroup_v2</span><span class="p">.terraform_tcp_1.id</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-19-63" name="__codelineno-19-63" href="#__codelineno-19-63"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="instancestf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>instances.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#instancestf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="c1"># Instance OS</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="c1"># create each Ubuntu20 instance</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_instance_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;container_camp_Ubuntu20_</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="p">.index</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># ID of Featured-Ubuntu20</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">image_name</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.image_name
+<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># flavor_id is the size of the VM </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/vmsizes/ </span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">flavor_name</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;m3.tiny&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># this public key is set above in security section</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">key_pair</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.public_key
+<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">security_groups</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>,<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default&quot;</span><span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.vm_number
+<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">metadata</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">terraform_controlled</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;yes&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w">  </span>network<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.network_name
+<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">#depends_on = [openstack_networking_network_v2.terraform_network]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="c1"># creating floating ips from the public ip pool</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_floatingip_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">pool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;public&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.vm_number
+<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="c1"># assign floating ip to each Ubuntu20 VM</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-33" name="__codelineno-20-33" href="#__codelineno-20-33"></a>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-34" name="__codelineno-20-34" href="#__codelineno-20-34"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">openstack_networking_floatingip_v2</span><span class="p">.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[count.index].address</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-35" name="__codelineno-20-35" href="#__codelineno-20-35"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">instance_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">openstack_compute_instance_v2</span><span class="p">.Ubuntu20[count.index].id</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-36" name="__codelineno-20-36" href="#__codelineno-20-36"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>var.vm_number
+<a id="__codelineno-20-37" name="__codelineno-20-37" href="#__codelineno-20-37"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="outputtf"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>output.tf</code><a class="headerlink" href="#outputtf" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="c1">#Output</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="c1">################</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a>output<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;floating_ip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20.*.address
+<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Public IP for Ubuntu 20&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="o">}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="terraformtfvars"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>terraform.tfvars</code><a class="headerlink" href="#terraformtfvars" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>A <code>terraform.tfvars</code> file is used to define the values of input variables. It can also be renamed <code>*.auto.tfvars</code>.</p>
+<p>It serves as a convenient way to store and manage variable values that you don't want to hardcode in your <code>.tf</code> files or provide via command-line arguments. </p>
+<p>By using a <code>terraform.tfvars</code> file, you can easily customize and update the variable values for different environments or scenarios.</p>
+<p>The file should contain key-value pairs, where the key is the variable name and the value is the corresponding variable value. </p>
+<p>The syntax for defining variables in the <code>terraform.tfvars</code> file can be either HCL or JSON.</p>
+<p>Add your OpenStack credentials and other required information to <code>terraform.tfvars</code>:</p>
+<p>In HCL:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="nv">openstack_user_name</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-username&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="nv">openstack_password</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-password&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="nv">openstack_tenant_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-tenant-name&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="nv">openstack_auth_url</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-auth-url&quot;</span><span class="w">         </span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>In JSON:
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="p">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">&quot;openstack_user_name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-username&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">&quot;openstack_password&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-password&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">&quot;openstack_tenant_name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-tenant-name&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">&quot;openstack_auth_url&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;your-openstack-auth-url&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">         </span>
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<p>When you run <code>terraform apply</code> or <code>terraform plan</code>, Terraform will automatically load the values from the <code>terraform.tfvars</code> file if it exists in the working directory. </p>
+<p>You can also create multiple <code>.tfvars</code> files and specify which one to use by passing the <code>-var-file</code> flag when executing Terraform commands:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="w"> </span>-var-file<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;custom.tfvars&quot;</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="intermediate-directories-and-files"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Intermediate directories and files<a class="headerlink" href="#intermediate-directories-and-files" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>When <code>terraform plan</code> and <code>terraform apply</code> are executed, Terraform generates some new project files, notably</p>
+<p><code>.terraform/</code> - this directory will contain the <code>terraform-provider-openstack_version</code> and a <code>README.md</code>, <code>LICENCE</code>, and <code>CHANGELOG.md</code> </p>
+<p><code>terraform.lock.hcl</code> </p>
+<p><code>terraform.tfstate</code></p>
+<p><code>terraform.tfstate.backup</code></p>
+<h2 id="terraform-commands"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> Terraform Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#terraform-commands" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="init"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>init</code><a class="headerlink" href="#init" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Now, you are ready to initialize the Terraform project</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="nb">cd</span><span class="w"> </span>~/terraform
+<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span>init
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected Response</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a>Initializing<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>backend...
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a>Initializing<span class="w"> </span>provider<span class="w"> </span>plugins...
+<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a>-<span class="w"> </span>Reusing<span class="w"> </span>previous<span class="w"> </span>version<span class="w"> </span>of<span class="w"> </span>terraform-provider-openstack/openstack<span class="w"> </span>from<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>dependency<span class="w"> </span>lock<span class="w"> </span>file
+<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a>-<span class="w"> </span>Using<span class="w"> </span>previously-installed<span class="w"> </span>terraform-provider-openstack/openstack<span class="w"> </span>v1.51.1
+<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>has<span class="w"> </span>been<span class="w"> </span>successfully<span class="w"> </span>initialized!
+<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a>You<span class="w"> </span>may<span class="w"> </span>now<span class="w"> </span>begin<span class="w"> </span>working<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span>Terraform.<span class="w"> </span>Try<span class="w"> </span>running<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform plan&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>see
+<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a>any<span class="w"> </span>changes<span class="w"> </span>that<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>required<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>infrastructure.<span class="w"> </span>All<span class="w"> </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>commands
+<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a>should<span class="w"> </span>now<span class="w"> </span>work.
+<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a>If<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>ever<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>change<span class="w"> </span>modules<span class="w"> </span>or<span class="w"> </span>backend<span class="w"> </span>configuration<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>Terraform,
+<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a>rerun<span class="w"> </span>this<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">command</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>reinitialize<span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>working<span class="w"> </span>directory.<span class="w"> </span>If<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>forget,<span class="w"> </span>other
+<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a>commands<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>detect<span class="w"> </span>it<span class="w"> </span>and<span class="w"> </span>remind<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">do</span><span class="w"> </span>so<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span>necessary.
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h3 id="plan"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> <code>plan</code><a class="headerlink" href="#plan" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><code>plan</code> - generates the configuration based on the <code>.tf</code> files in the initialized directory</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span>plan
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected Response</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>used<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>selected<span class="w"> </span>providers<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>generate<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>execution<span class="w"> </span>plan.<span class="w"> </span>Resource<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>indicated<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>symbols:
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>create
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>actions:
+<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">instance_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_instance_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_ip_v4</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_ip_v6</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_metadata</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-20" name="__codelineno-28-20" href="#__codelineno-28-20"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">availability_zone</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-21" name="__codelineno-28-21" href="#__codelineno-28-21"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">created</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-22" name="__codelineno-28-22" href="#__codelineno-28-22"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_id</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-23" name="__codelineno-28-23" href="#__codelineno-28-23"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_name</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;m3.tiny&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-24" name="__codelineno-28-24" href="#__codelineno-28-24"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">force_delete</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-25" name="__codelineno-28-25" href="#__codelineno-28-25"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-26" name="__codelineno-28-26" href="#__codelineno-28-26"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_id</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-27" name="__codelineno-28-27" href="#__codelineno-28-27"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_name</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Featured-Ubuntu20&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-28" name="__codelineno-28-28" href="#__codelineno-28-28"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">key_pair</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tswetnam-terraform-key&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-29" name="__codelineno-28-29" href="#__codelineno-28-29"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">metadata</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-30" name="__codelineno-28-30" href="#__codelineno-28-30"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_controlled&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;yes&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-31" name="__codelineno-28-31" href="#__codelineno-28-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-32" name="__codelineno-28-32" href="#__codelineno-28-32"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;container_camp_Ubuntu20_0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-33" name="__codelineno-28-33" href="#__codelineno-28-33"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">power_state</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;active&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-34" name="__codelineno-28-34" href="#__codelineno-28-34"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-35" name="__codelineno-28-35" href="#__codelineno-28-35"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_groups</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-36" name="__codelineno-28-36" href="#__codelineno-28-36"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-28-37" name="__codelineno-28-37" href="#__codelineno-28-37"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-28-38" name="__codelineno-28-38" href="#__codelineno-28-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-39" name="__codelineno-28-39" href="#__codelineno-28-39"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">stop_before_destroy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-40" name="__codelineno-28-40" href="#__codelineno-28-40"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">updated</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-41" name="__codelineno-28-41" href="#__codelineno-28-41"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-42" name="__codelineno-28-42" href="#__codelineno-28-42"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>network<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-43" name="__codelineno-28-43" href="#__codelineno-28-43"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_network</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-44" name="__codelineno-28-44" href="#__codelineno-28-44"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip_v4</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-45" name="__codelineno-28-45" href="#__codelineno-28-45"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip_v6</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-46" name="__codelineno-28-46" href="#__codelineno-28-46"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-47" name="__codelineno-28-47" href="#__codelineno-28-47"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">mac</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-48" name="__codelineno-28-48" href="#__codelineno-28-48"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;auto_allocated_network&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-49" name="__codelineno-28-49" href="#__codelineno-28-49"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-50" name="__codelineno-28-50" href="#__codelineno-28-50"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">uuid</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-51" name="__codelineno-28-51" href="#__codelineno-28-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-52" name="__codelineno-28-52" href="#__codelineno-28-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-53" name="__codelineno-28-53" href="#__codelineno-28-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-54" name="__codelineno-28-54" href="#__codelineno-28-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-55" name="__codelineno-28-55" href="#__codelineno-28-55"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-56" name="__codelineno-28-56" href="#__codelineno-28-56"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-57" name="__codelineno-28-57" href="#__codelineno-28-57"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-58" name="__codelineno-28-58" href="#__codelineno-28-58"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-59" name="__codelineno-28-59" href="#__codelineno-28-59"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-60" name="__codelineno-28-60" href="#__codelineno-28-60"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-61" name="__codelineno-28-61" href="#__codelineno-28-61"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-62" name="__codelineno-28-62" href="#__codelineno-28-62"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-63" name="__codelineno-28-63" href="#__codelineno-28-63"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-28-64" name="__codelineno-28-64" href="#__codelineno-28-64"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-65" name="__codelineno-28-65" href="#__codelineno-28-65"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;icmp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-66" name="__codelineno-28-66" href="#__codelineno-28-66"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-67" name="__codelineno-28-67" href="#__codelineno-28-67"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-28-68" name="__codelineno-28-68" href="#__codelineno-28-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-69" name="__codelineno-28-69" href="#__codelineno-28-69"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-70" name="__codelineno-28-70" href="#__codelineno-28-70"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-71" name="__codelineno-28-71" href="#__codelineno-28-71"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-72" name="__codelineno-28-72" href="#__codelineno-28-72"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-73" name="__codelineno-28-73" href="#__codelineno-28-73"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-74" name="__codelineno-28-74" href="#__codelineno-28-74"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-75" name="__codelineno-28-75" href="#__codelineno-28-75"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-76" name="__codelineno-28-76" href="#__codelineno-28-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-77" name="__codelineno-28-77" href="#__codelineno-28-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-78" name="__codelineno-28-78" href="#__codelineno-28-78"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-79" name="__codelineno-28-79" href="#__codelineno-28-79"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-80" name="__codelineno-28-80" href="#__codelineno-28-80"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_floatingip_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-81" name="__codelineno-28-81" href="#__codelineno-28-81"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">address</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-82" name="__codelineno-28-82" href="#__codelineno-28-82"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-83" name="__codelineno-28-83" href="#__codelineno-28-83"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dns_domain</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-84" name="__codelineno-28-84" href="#__codelineno-28-84"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dns_name</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-85" name="__codelineno-28-85" href="#__codelineno-28-85"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-86" name="__codelineno-28-86" href="#__codelineno-28-86"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-87" name="__codelineno-28-87" href="#__codelineno-28-87"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">pool</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;public&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-88" name="__codelineno-28-88" href="#__codelineno-28-88"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_id</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-89" name="__codelineno-28-89" href="#__codelineno-28-89"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-90" name="__codelineno-28-90" href="#__codelineno-28-90"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">subnet_id</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-91" name="__codelineno-28-91" href="#__codelineno-28-91"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-92" name="__codelineno-28-92" href="#__codelineno-28-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-93" name="__codelineno-28-93" href="#__codelineno-28-93"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-94" name="__codelineno-28-94" href="#__codelineno-28-94"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-95" name="__codelineno-28-95" href="#__codelineno-28-95"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;http_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-96" name="__codelineno-28-96" href="#__codelineno-28-96"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-97" name="__codelineno-28-97" href="#__codelineno-28-97"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-98" name="__codelineno-28-98" href="#__codelineno-28-98"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-99" name="__codelineno-28-99" href="#__codelineno-28-99"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-100" name="__codelineno-28-100" href="#__codelineno-28-100"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-101" name="__codelineno-28-101" href="#__codelineno-28-101"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-102" name="__codelineno-28-102" href="#__codelineno-28-102"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-103" name="__codelineno-28-103" href="#__codelineno-28-103"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-104" name="__codelineno-28-104" href="#__codelineno-28-104"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-105" name="__codelineno-28-105" href="#__codelineno-28-105"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-106" name="__codelineno-28-106" href="#__codelineno-28-106"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-107" name="__codelineno-28-107" href="#__codelineno-28-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-108" name="__codelineno-28-108" href="#__codelineno-28-108"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-109" name="__codelineno-28-109" href="#__codelineno-28-109"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-110" name="__codelineno-28-110" href="#__codelineno-28-110"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;https_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-111" name="__codelineno-28-111" href="#__codelineno-28-111"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-112" name="__codelineno-28-112" href="#__codelineno-28-112"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-113" name="__codelineno-28-113" href="#__codelineno-28-113"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-114" name="__codelineno-28-114" href="#__codelineno-28-114"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-115" name="__codelineno-28-115" href="#__codelineno-28-115"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-116" name="__codelineno-28-116" href="#__codelineno-28-116"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-117" name="__codelineno-28-117" href="#__codelineno-28-117"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-118" name="__codelineno-28-118" href="#__codelineno-28-118"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-119" name="__codelineno-28-119" href="#__codelineno-28-119"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-120" name="__codelineno-28-120" href="#__codelineno-28-120"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-121" name="__codelineno-28-121" href="#__codelineno-28-121"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-122" name="__codelineno-28-122" href="#__codelineno-28-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-123" name="__codelineno-28-123" href="#__codelineno-28-123"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-124" name="__codelineno-28-124" href="#__codelineno-28-124"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-125" name="__codelineno-28-125" href="#__codelineno-28-125"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;service_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-126" name="__codelineno-28-126" href="#__codelineno-28-126"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-127" name="__codelineno-28-127" href="#__codelineno-28-127"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-128" name="__codelineno-28-128" href="#__codelineno-28-128"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-129" name="__codelineno-28-129" href="#__codelineno-28-129"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-130" name="__codelineno-28-130" href="#__codelineno-28-130"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-131" name="__codelineno-28-131" href="#__codelineno-28-131"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-132" name="__codelineno-28-132" href="#__codelineno-28-132"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-133" name="__codelineno-28-133" href="#__codelineno-28-133"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-134" name="__codelineno-28-134" href="#__codelineno-28-134"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-135" name="__codelineno-28-135" href="#__codelineno-28-135"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-136" name="__codelineno-28-136" href="#__codelineno-28-136"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-137" name="__codelineno-28-137" href="#__codelineno-28-137"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-138" name="__codelineno-28-138" href="#__codelineno-28-138"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-139" name="__codelineno-28-139" href="#__codelineno-28-139"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-140" name="__codelineno-28-140" href="#__codelineno-28-140"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-141" name="__codelineno-28-141" href="#__codelineno-28-141"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-142" name="__codelineno-28-142" href="#__codelineno-28-142"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-143" name="__codelineno-28-143" href="#__codelineno-28-143"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-144" name="__codelineno-28-144" href="#__codelineno-28-144"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-145" name="__codelineno-28-145" href="#__codelineno-28-145"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-146" name="__codelineno-28-146" href="#__codelineno-28-146"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-147" name="__codelineno-28-147" href="#__codelineno-28-147"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-148" name="__codelineno-28-148" href="#__codelineno-28-148"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-149" name="__codelineno-28-149" href="#__codelineno-28-149"></a>Plan:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>add,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>change,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>destroy.
+<a id="__codelineno-28-150" name="__codelineno-28-150" href="#__codelineno-28-150"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-151" name="__codelineno-28-151" href="#__codelineno-28-151"></a>Changes<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>Outputs:
+<a id="__codelineno-28-152" name="__codelineno-28-152" href="#__codelineno-28-152"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip_ubuntu20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-153" name="__codelineno-28-153" href="#__codelineno-28-153"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>null,
+<a id="__codelineno-28-154" name="__codelineno-28-154" href="#__codelineno-28-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-155" name="__codelineno-28-155" href="#__codelineno-28-155"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-156" name="__codelineno-28-156" href="#__codelineno-28-156"></a>────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+<a id="__codelineno-28-157" name="__codelineno-28-157" href="#__codelineno-28-157"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-158" name="__codelineno-28-158" href="#__codelineno-28-158"></a>Note:<span class="w"> </span>You<span class="w"> </span>didn<span class="s1">&#39;t use the -out option to save this plan, so Terraform can&#39;</span>t<span class="w"> </span>guarantee<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>take<span class="w"> </span>exactly<span class="w"> </span>these<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform apply&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-28-159" name="__codelineno-28-159" href="#__codelineno-28-159"></a>now.
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h3 id="apply"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> apply<a class="headerlink" href="#apply" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span>apply
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected response</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>used<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>selected<span class="w"> </span>providers<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>generate<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>execution<span class="w"> </span>plan.<span class="w"> </span>Resource<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>indicated<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>symbols:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>create
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>actions:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">instance_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_instance_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_ip_v4</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_ip_v6</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_metadata</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-20" name="__codelineno-30-20" href="#__codelineno-30-20"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">availability_zone</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-21" name="__codelineno-30-21" href="#__codelineno-30-21"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">created</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-22" name="__codelineno-30-22" href="#__codelineno-30-22"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_id</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-23" name="__codelineno-30-23" href="#__codelineno-30-23"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_name</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;m3.tiny&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-24" name="__codelineno-30-24" href="#__codelineno-30-24"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">force_delete</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-25" name="__codelineno-30-25" href="#__codelineno-30-25"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-26" name="__codelineno-30-26" href="#__codelineno-30-26"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_id</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-27" name="__codelineno-30-27" href="#__codelineno-30-27"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_name</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Featured-Ubuntu20&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-28" name="__codelineno-30-28" href="#__codelineno-30-28"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">key_pair</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tswetnam-terraform-key&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-29" name="__codelineno-30-29" href="#__codelineno-30-29"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">metadata</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-30" name="__codelineno-30-30" href="#__codelineno-30-30"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_controlled&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;yes&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-31" name="__codelineno-30-31" href="#__codelineno-30-31"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-32" name="__codelineno-30-32" href="#__codelineno-30-32"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;container_camp_Ubuntu20_0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-33" name="__codelineno-30-33" href="#__codelineno-30-33"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">power_state</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;active&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-34" name="__codelineno-30-34" href="#__codelineno-30-34"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-35" name="__codelineno-30-35" href="#__codelineno-30-35"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_groups</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-36" name="__codelineno-30-36" href="#__codelineno-30-36"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-30-37" name="__codelineno-30-37" href="#__codelineno-30-37"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-30-38" name="__codelineno-30-38" href="#__codelineno-30-38"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-39" name="__codelineno-30-39" href="#__codelineno-30-39"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">stop_before_destroy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-40" name="__codelineno-30-40" href="#__codelineno-30-40"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">updated</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-41" name="__codelineno-30-41" href="#__codelineno-30-41"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-42" name="__codelineno-30-42" href="#__codelineno-30-42"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>network<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-43" name="__codelineno-30-43" href="#__codelineno-30-43"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_network</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-44" name="__codelineno-30-44" href="#__codelineno-30-44"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip_v4</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-45" name="__codelineno-30-45" href="#__codelineno-30-45"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip_v6</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-46" name="__codelineno-30-46" href="#__codelineno-30-46"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-47" name="__codelineno-30-47" href="#__codelineno-30-47"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">mac</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-48" name="__codelineno-30-48" href="#__codelineno-30-48"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;auto_allocated_network&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-49" name="__codelineno-30-49" href="#__codelineno-30-49"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-50" name="__codelineno-30-50" href="#__codelineno-30-50"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">uuid</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-51" name="__codelineno-30-51" href="#__codelineno-30-51"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-52" name="__codelineno-30-52" href="#__codelineno-30-52"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-53" name="__codelineno-30-53" href="#__codelineno-30-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-54" name="__codelineno-30-54" href="#__codelineno-30-54"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-55" name="__codelineno-30-55" href="#__codelineno-30-55"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-56" name="__codelineno-30-56" href="#__codelineno-30-56"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-57" name="__codelineno-30-57" href="#__codelineno-30-57"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-58" name="__codelineno-30-58" href="#__codelineno-30-58"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-59" name="__codelineno-30-59" href="#__codelineno-30-59"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-60" name="__codelineno-30-60" href="#__codelineno-30-60"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-61" name="__codelineno-30-61" href="#__codelineno-30-61"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-62" name="__codelineno-30-62" href="#__codelineno-30-62"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-63" name="__codelineno-30-63" href="#__codelineno-30-63"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-30-64" name="__codelineno-30-64" href="#__codelineno-30-64"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-65" name="__codelineno-30-65" href="#__codelineno-30-65"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;icmp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-66" name="__codelineno-30-66" href="#__codelineno-30-66"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-67" name="__codelineno-30-67" href="#__codelineno-30-67"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1
+<a id="__codelineno-30-68" name="__codelineno-30-68" href="#__codelineno-30-68"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-69" name="__codelineno-30-69" href="#__codelineno-30-69"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-70" name="__codelineno-30-70" href="#__codelineno-30-70"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-71" name="__codelineno-30-71" href="#__codelineno-30-71"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-72" name="__codelineno-30-72" href="#__codelineno-30-72"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-73" name="__codelineno-30-73" href="#__codelineno-30-73"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-74" name="__codelineno-30-74" href="#__codelineno-30-74"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-75" name="__codelineno-30-75" href="#__codelineno-30-75"></a><span class="w">          </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-76" name="__codelineno-30-76" href="#__codelineno-30-76"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-77" name="__codelineno-30-77" href="#__codelineno-30-77"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-78" name="__codelineno-30-78" href="#__codelineno-30-78"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-79" name="__codelineno-30-79" href="#__codelineno-30-79"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-80" name="__codelineno-30-80" href="#__codelineno-30-80"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_floatingip_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-81" name="__codelineno-30-81" href="#__codelineno-30-81"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">address</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-82" name="__codelineno-30-82" href="#__codelineno-30-82"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-83" name="__codelineno-30-83" href="#__codelineno-30-83"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dns_domain</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-84" name="__codelineno-30-84" href="#__codelineno-30-84"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dns_name</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-85" name="__codelineno-30-85" href="#__codelineno-30-85"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-86" name="__codelineno-30-86" href="#__codelineno-30-86"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-87" name="__codelineno-30-87" href="#__codelineno-30-87"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">pool</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;public&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-88" name="__codelineno-30-88" href="#__codelineno-30-88"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_id</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-89" name="__codelineno-30-89" href="#__codelineno-30-89"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-90" name="__codelineno-30-90" href="#__codelineno-30-90"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">subnet_id</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-91" name="__codelineno-30-91" href="#__codelineno-30-91"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-92" name="__codelineno-30-92" href="#__codelineno-30-92"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-93" name="__codelineno-30-93" href="#__codelineno-30-93"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-94" name="__codelineno-30-94" href="#__codelineno-30-94"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-95" name="__codelineno-30-95" href="#__codelineno-30-95"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;http_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-96" name="__codelineno-30-96" href="#__codelineno-30-96"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-97" name="__codelineno-30-97" href="#__codelineno-30-97"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-98" name="__codelineno-30-98" href="#__codelineno-30-98"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-99" name="__codelineno-30-99" href="#__codelineno-30-99"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-100" name="__codelineno-30-100" href="#__codelineno-30-100"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-101" name="__codelineno-30-101" href="#__codelineno-30-101"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-102" name="__codelineno-30-102" href="#__codelineno-30-102"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-103" name="__codelineno-30-103" href="#__codelineno-30-103"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-104" name="__codelineno-30-104" href="#__codelineno-30-104"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-105" name="__codelineno-30-105" href="#__codelineno-30-105"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-106" name="__codelineno-30-106" href="#__codelineno-30-106"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-107" name="__codelineno-30-107" href="#__codelineno-30-107"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-108" name="__codelineno-30-108" href="#__codelineno-30-108"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-109" name="__codelineno-30-109" href="#__codelineno-30-109"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-110" name="__codelineno-30-110" href="#__codelineno-30-110"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;https_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-111" name="__codelineno-30-111" href="#__codelineno-30-111"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-112" name="__codelineno-30-112" href="#__codelineno-30-112"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-113" name="__codelineno-30-113" href="#__codelineno-30-113"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-114" name="__codelineno-30-114" href="#__codelineno-30-114"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-115" name="__codelineno-30-115" href="#__codelineno-30-115"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-116" name="__codelineno-30-116" href="#__codelineno-30-116"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-117" name="__codelineno-30-117" href="#__codelineno-30-117"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-118" name="__codelineno-30-118" href="#__codelineno-30-118"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-119" name="__codelineno-30-119" href="#__codelineno-30-119"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-120" name="__codelineno-30-120" href="#__codelineno-30-120"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-121" name="__codelineno-30-121" href="#__codelineno-30-121"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-122" name="__codelineno-30-122" href="#__codelineno-30-122"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-123" name="__codelineno-30-123" href="#__codelineno-30-123"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-124" name="__codelineno-30-124" href="#__codelineno-30-124"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-125" name="__codelineno-30-125" href="#__codelineno-30-125"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;service_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-126" name="__codelineno-30-126" href="#__codelineno-30-126"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-127" name="__codelineno-30-127" href="#__codelineno-30-127"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-128" name="__codelineno-30-128" href="#__codelineno-30-128"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-129" name="__codelineno-30-129" href="#__codelineno-30-129"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-130" name="__codelineno-30-130" href="#__codelineno-30-130"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-131" name="__codelineno-30-131" href="#__codelineno-30-131"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-132" name="__codelineno-30-132" href="#__codelineno-30-132"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-133" name="__codelineno-30-133" href="#__codelineno-30-133"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_group_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-134" name="__codelineno-30-134" href="#__codelineno-30-134"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-135" name="__codelineno-30-135" href="#__codelineno-30-135"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-136" name="__codelineno-30-136" href="#__codelineno-30-136"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-137" name="__codelineno-30-137" href="#__codelineno-30-137"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-138" name="__codelineno-30-138" href="#__codelineno-30-138"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-139" name="__codelineno-30-139" href="#__codelineno-30-139"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-140" name="__codelineno-30-140" href="#__codelineno-30-140"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-141" name="__codelineno-30-141" href="#__codelineno-30-141"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-142" name="__codelineno-30-142" href="#__codelineno-30-142"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-143" name="__codelineno-30-143" href="#__codelineno-30-143"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-144" name="__codelineno-30-144" href="#__codelineno-30-144"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-145" name="__codelineno-30-145" href="#__codelineno-30-145"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-146" name="__codelineno-30-146" href="#__codelineno-30-146"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>known<span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="o">)</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-147" name="__codelineno-30-147" href="#__codelineno-30-147"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-148" name="__codelineno-30-148" href="#__codelineno-30-148"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-149" name="__codelineno-30-149" href="#__codelineno-30-149"></a>Plan:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>add,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>change,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>destroy.
+<a id="__codelineno-30-150" name="__codelineno-30-150" href="#__codelineno-30-150"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-151" name="__codelineno-30-151" href="#__codelineno-30-151"></a>Changes<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>Outputs:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-152" name="__codelineno-30-152" href="#__codelineno-30-152"></a><span class="w">  </span>+<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip_ubuntu20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-153" name="__codelineno-30-153" href="#__codelineno-30-153"></a><span class="w">      </span>+<span class="w"> </span>null,
+<a id="__codelineno-30-154" name="__codelineno-30-154" href="#__codelineno-30-154"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-155" name="__codelineno-30-155" href="#__codelineno-30-155"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-30-156" name="__codelineno-30-156" href="#__codelineno-30-156"></a>Do<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>want<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>these<span class="w"> </span>actions?
+<a id="__codelineno-30-157" name="__codelineno-30-157" href="#__codelineno-30-157"></a><span class="w">  </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span>described<span class="w"> </span>above.
+<a id="__codelineno-30-158" name="__codelineno-30-158" href="#__codelineno-30-158"></a><span class="w">  </span>Only<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;yes&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>be<span class="w"> </span>accepted<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>approve.
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<p>You should be prompted</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="w"> </span>Do<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>want<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>these<span class="w"> </span>actions?
+<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="w">      </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span>described<span class="w"> </span>above.
+<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w">      </span>Only<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;yes&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>be<span class="w"> </span>accepted<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>approve.
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected Response after choosing 'yes' </summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>1s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>1s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>2s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>2s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>4s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>7s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Still<span class="w"> </span>creating...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>10s<span class="w"> </span>elapsed<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>15s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a>openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creating...
+<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a>openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Creation<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>2s<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">149</span>.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a>Apply<span class="w"> </span>complete!<span class="w"> </span>Resources:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span>added,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>changed,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>destroyed.
+<a id="__codelineno-32-20" name="__codelineno-32-20" href="#__codelineno-32-20"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-21" name="__codelineno-32-21" href="#__codelineno-32-21"></a>Outputs:
+<a id="__codelineno-32-22" name="__codelineno-32-22" href="#__codelineno-32-22"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-23" name="__codelineno-32-23" href="#__codelineno-32-23"></a><span class="nv">floating_ip_ubuntu20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-32-24" name="__codelineno-32-24" href="#__codelineno-32-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="s2">&quot;149.165.168.217&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-32-25" name="__codelineno-32-25" href="#__codelineno-32-25"></a><span class="o">]</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<p><strong>Congratulations!</strong> You now have a running VM, you can check its status on Horizon, or try to connect to it over <code>ssh</code></p>
+<p>The <code>floating_ip_ubuntu20</code> should be the new VM's IP address (yours will be different than this example).</p>
+<p><code>ssh ubuntu@&lt;IP-ADDRESS&gt;</code> </p>
+<p>Make sure that </p>
+<h3 id="destroy"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M1.44 0v7.575l6.561 3.79V3.787zm21.12 4.227-6.561 3.791v7.574l6.56-3.787zM8.72 4.23v7.575l6.561 3.787V8.018zm0 8.405v7.575L15.28 24v-7.578z"/></svg></span> destroy<a class="headerlink" href="#destroy" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>When you are ready to complete the use of your VMs or your deployment, you can <code>destroy</code> the project.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a>terraform<span class="w"> </span>destroy
+</code></pre></div>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected Response</summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a>openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Refreshing<span class="w"> </span>state...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">149</span>.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>used<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>selected<span class="w"> </span>providers<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>generate<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>execution<span class="w"> </span>plan.<span class="w"> </span>Resource<span class="w"> </span>actions<span class="w"> </span>are<span class="w"> </span>indicated<span class="w"> </span>with<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following
+<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a>symbols:
+<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>destroy
+<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>perform<span class="w"> </span>the<span class="w"> </span>following<span class="w"> </span>actions:
+<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;149.165.168.217&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-20" name="__codelineno-34-20" href="#__codelineno-34-20"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">instance_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-21" name="__codelineno-34-21" href="#__codelineno-34-21"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-22" name="__codelineno-34-22" href="#__codelineno-34-22"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-23" name="__codelineno-34-23" href="#__codelineno-34-23"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-24" name="__codelineno-34-24" href="#__codelineno-34-24"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-25" name="__codelineno-34-25" href="#__codelineno-34-25"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_instance_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-26" name="__codelineno-34-26" href="#__codelineno-34-26"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_ip_v4</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.24.205&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-27" name="__codelineno-34-27" href="#__codelineno-34-27"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_metadata</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-28" name="__codelineno-34-28" href="#__codelineno-34-28"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_controlled&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;yes&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-29" name="__codelineno-34-29" href="#__codelineno-34-29"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-30" name="__codelineno-34-30" href="#__codelineno-34-30"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-31" name="__codelineno-34-31" href="#__codelineno-34-31"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">availability_zone</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;nova&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-32" name="__codelineno-34-32" href="#__codelineno-34-32"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">created</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;2023-03-23 23:09:42 +0000 UTC&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-33" name="__codelineno-34-33" href="#__codelineno-34-33"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_id</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-34" name="__codelineno-34-34" href="#__codelineno-34-34"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">flavor_name</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;m3.tiny&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-35" name="__codelineno-34-35" href="#__codelineno-34-35"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">force_delete</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-36" name="__codelineno-34-36" href="#__codelineno-34-36"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-37" name="__codelineno-34-37" href="#__codelineno-34-37"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_id</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;27424df1-c3ea-4c4a-ad8b-6ea9a476f6f8&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-38" name="__codelineno-34-38" href="#__codelineno-34-38"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">image_name</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Featured-Ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-39" name="__codelineno-34-39" href="#__codelineno-34-39"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">key_pair</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tswetnam-terraform-key&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-40" name="__codelineno-34-40" href="#__codelineno-34-40"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">metadata</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-41" name="__codelineno-34-41" href="#__codelineno-34-41"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_controlled&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;yes&quot;</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-42" name="__codelineno-34-42" href="#__codelineno-34-42"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-43" name="__codelineno-34-43" href="#__codelineno-34-43"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;container_camp_Ubuntu20_0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-44" name="__codelineno-34-44" href="#__codelineno-34-44"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">power_state</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;active&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-45" name="__codelineno-34-45" href="#__codelineno-34-45"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-46" name="__codelineno-34-46" href="#__codelineno-34-46"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_groups</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-47" name="__codelineno-34-47" href="#__codelineno-34-47"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;default&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-34-48" name="__codelineno-34-48" href="#__codelineno-34-48"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-34-49" name="__codelineno-34-49" href="#__codelineno-34-49"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-50" name="__codelineno-34-50" href="#__codelineno-34-50"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">stop_before_destroy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-51" name="__codelineno-34-51" href="#__codelineno-34-51"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tags</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-52" name="__codelineno-34-52" href="#__codelineno-34-52"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">updated</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;2023-03-23 23:09:52 +0000 UTC&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-53" name="__codelineno-34-53" href="#__codelineno-34-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-54" name="__codelineno-34-54" href="#__codelineno-34-54"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span>network<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-55" name="__codelineno-34-55" href="#__codelineno-34-55"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">access_network</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-56" name="__codelineno-34-56" href="#__codelineno-34-56"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip_v4</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.24.205&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-57" name="__codelineno-34-57" href="#__codelineno-34-57"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">mac</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;fa:16:3e:16:6e:8f&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-58" name="__codelineno-34-58" href="#__codelineno-34-58"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;auto_allocated_network&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-59" name="__codelineno-34-59" href="#__codelineno-34-59"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">uuid</span><span class="w">           </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;e4ff98ff-d29a-48f4-a95b-88ebd6b0662f&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-60" name="__codelineno-34-60" href="#__codelineno-34-60"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-61" name="__codelineno-34-61" href="#__codelineno-34-61"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-62" name="__codelineno-34-62" href="#__codelineno-34-62"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-63" name="__codelineno-34-63" href="#__codelineno-34-63"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-64" name="__codelineno-34-64" href="#__codelineno-34-64"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_compute_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-65" name="__codelineno-34-65" href="#__codelineno-34-65"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-66" name="__codelineno-34-66" href="#__codelineno-34-66"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-67" name="__codelineno-34-67" href="#__codelineno-34-67"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_ssh_ping&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-68" name="__codelineno-34-68" href="#__codelineno-34-68"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-69" name="__codelineno-34-69" href="#__codelineno-34-69"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-70" name="__codelineno-34-70" href="#__codelineno-34-70"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-71" name="__codelineno-34-71" href="#__codelineno-34-71"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-72" name="__codelineno-34-72" href="#__codelineno-34-72"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1<span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-73" name="__codelineno-34-73" href="#__codelineno-34-73"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;611e1c0a-edc1-462d-8e1a-5f8a72c4d968&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-74" name="__codelineno-34-74" href="#__codelineno-34-74"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;icmp&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-75" name="__codelineno-34-75" href="#__codelineno-34-75"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-76" name="__codelineno-34-76" href="#__codelineno-34-76"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span>-1<span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-77" name="__codelineno-34-77" href="#__codelineno-34-77"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-78" name="__codelineno-34-78" href="#__codelineno-34-78"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span>rule<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-79" name="__codelineno-34-79" href="#__codelineno-34-79"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">cidr</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-80" name="__codelineno-34-80" href="#__codelineno-34-80"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">from_port</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-81" name="__codelineno-34-81" href="#__codelineno-34-81"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ce99a035-5df2-4131-ba90-268d045d0ff3&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-82" name="__codelineno-34-82" href="#__codelineno-34-82"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ip_protocol</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-83" name="__codelineno-34-83" href="#__codelineno-34-83"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">self</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-84" name="__codelineno-34-84" href="#__codelineno-34-84"></a><span class="w">          </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">to_port</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">22</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-85" name="__codelineno-34-85" href="#__codelineno-34-85"></a><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-86" name="__codelineno-34-86" href="#__codelineno-34-86"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-87" name="__codelineno-34-87" href="#__codelineno-34-87"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-88" name="__codelineno-34-88" href="#__codelineno-34-88"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-89" name="__codelineno-34-89" href="#__codelineno-34-89"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_floatingip_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_floatip_ubuntu20&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-90" name="__codelineno-34-90" href="#__codelineno-34-90"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">address</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;149.165.168.217&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-91" name="__codelineno-34-91" href="#__codelineno-34-91"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-92" name="__codelineno-34-92" href="#__codelineno-34-92"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">fixed_ip</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.24.205&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-93" name="__codelineno-34-93" href="#__codelineno-34-93"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-94" name="__codelineno-34-94" href="#__codelineno-34-94"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">pool</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;public&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-95" name="__codelineno-34-95" href="#__codelineno-34-95"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;71e9ae50-e281-4f98-afab-f1b6c1932806&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-96" name="__codelineno-34-96" href="#__codelineno-34-96"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-97" name="__codelineno-34-97" href="#__codelineno-34-97"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tags</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-98" name="__codelineno-34-98" href="#__codelineno-34-98"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-99" name="__codelineno-34-99" href="#__codelineno-34-99"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-100" name="__codelineno-34-100" href="#__codelineno-34-100"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-101" name="__codelineno-34-101" href="#__codelineno-34-101"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-102" name="__codelineno-34-102" href="#__codelineno-34-102"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;http_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-103" name="__codelineno-34-103" href="#__codelineno-34-103"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-104" name="__codelineno-34-104" href="#__codelineno-34-104"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-105" name="__codelineno-34-105" href="#__codelineno-34-105"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-106" name="__codelineno-34-106" href="#__codelineno-34-106"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-107" name="__codelineno-34-107" href="#__codelineno-34-107"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">80</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-108" name="__codelineno-34-108" href="#__codelineno-34-108"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-109" name="__codelineno-34-109" href="#__codelineno-34-109"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-110" name="__codelineno-34-110" href="#__codelineno-34-110"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-111" name="__codelineno-34-111" href="#__codelineno-34-111"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-112" name="__codelineno-34-112" href="#__codelineno-34-112"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-113" name="__codelineno-34-113" href="#__codelineno-34-113"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-114" name="__codelineno-34-114" href="#__codelineno-34-114"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-115" name="__codelineno-34-115" href="#__codelineno-34-115"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-116" name="__codelineno-34-116" href="#__codelineno-34-116"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;https_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-117" name="__codelineno-34-117" href="#__codelineno-34-117"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-118" name="__codelineno-34-118" href="#__codelineno-34-118"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-119" name="__codelineno-34-119" href="#__codelineno-34-119"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-120" name="__codelineno-34-120" href="#__codelineno-34-120"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-121" name="__codelineno-34-121" href="#__codelineno-34-121"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">443</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-122" name="__codelineno-34-122" href="#__codelineno-34-122"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-123" name="__codelineno-34-123" href="#__codelineno-34-123"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-124" name="__codelineno-34-124" href="#__codelineno-34-124"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-125" name="__codelineno-34-125" href="#__codelineno-34-125"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-126" name="__codelineno-34-126" href="#__codelineno-34-126"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-127" name="__codelineno-34-127" href="#__codelineno-34-127"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-128" name="__codelineno-34-128" href="#__codelineno-34-128"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-129" name="__codelineno-34-129" href="#__codelineno-34-129"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-130" name="__codelineno-34-130" href="#__codelineno-34-130"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;service_rule&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-131" name="__codelineno-34-131" href="#__codelineno-34-131"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">direction</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ingress&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-132" name="__codelineno-34-132" href="#__codelineno-34-132"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ethertype</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IPv4&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-133" name="__codelineno-34-133" href="#__codelineno-34-133"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">                </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-134" name="__codelineno-34-134" href="#__codelineno-34-134"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_max</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-135" name="__codelineno-34-135" href="#__codelineno-34-135"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">port_range_min</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8080</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-136" name="__codelineno-34-136" href="#__codelineno-34-136"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">protocol</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;tcp&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-137" name="__codelineno-34-137" href="#__codelineno-34-137"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">            </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-138" name="__codelineno-34-138" href="#__codelineno-34-138"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">remote_ip_prefix</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-139" name="__codelineno-34-139" href="#__codelineno-34-139"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">security_group_id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-140" name="__codelineno-34-140" href="#__codelineno-34-140"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-141" name="__codelineno-34-141" href="#__codelineno-34-141"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-142" name="__codelineno-34-142" href="#__codelineno-34-142"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-143" name="__codelineno-34-143" href="#__codelineno-34-143"></a><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1"># openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be destroyed</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-144" name="__codelineno-34-144" href="#__codelineno-34-144"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span>resource<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;openstack_networking_secgroup_v2&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-145" name="__codelineno-34-145" href="#__codelineno-34-145"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">all_tags</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-146" name="__codelineno-34-146" href="#__codelineno-34-146"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">description</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-147" name="__codelineno-34-147" href="#__codelineno-34-147"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-148" name="__codelineno-34-148" href="#__codelineno-34-148"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">name</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;terraform_tcp_1&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-149" name="__codelineno-34-149" href="#__codelineno-34-149"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">region</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;IU&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-150" name="__codelineno-34-150" href="#__codelineno-34-150"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tags</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-151" name="__codelineno-34-151" href="#__codelineno-34-151"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tenant_id</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-152" name="__codelineno-34-152" href="#__codelineno-34-152"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">}</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-153" name="__codelineno-34-153" href="#__codelineno-34-153"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-154" name="__codelineno-34-154" href="#__codelineno-34-154"></a>Plan:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>add,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>change,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>destroy.
+<a id="__codelineno-34-155" name="__codelineno-34-155" href="#__codelineno-34-155"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-156" name="__codelineno-34-156" href="#__codelineno-34-156"></a>Changes<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>Outputs:
+<a id="__codelineno-34-157" name="__codelineno-34-157" href="#__codelineno-34-157"></a><span class="w">  </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">floating_ip_ubuntu20</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-158" name="__codelineno-34-158" href="#__codelineno-34-158"></a><span class="w">      </span>-<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;149.165.168.217&quot;</span>,
+<a id="__codelineno-34-159" name="__codelineno-34-159" href="#__codelineno-34-159"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span>-&gt;<span class="w"> </span>null
+<a id="__codelineno-34-160" name="__codelineno-34-160" href="#__codelineno-34-160"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-161" name="__codelineno-34-161" href="#__codelineno-34-161"></a>Do<span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>really<span class="w"> </span>want<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>destroy<span class="w"> </span>all<span class="w"> </span>resources?
+<a id="__codelineno-34-162" name="__codelineno-34-162" href="#__codelineno-34-162"></a><span class="w">  </span>Terraform<span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>destroy<span class="w"> </span>all<span class="w"> </span>your<span class="w"> </span>managed<span class="w"> </span>infrastructure,<span class="w"> </span>as<span class="w"> </span>shown<span class="w"> </span>above.
+<a id="__codelineno-34-163" name="__codelineno-34-163" href="#__codelineno-34-163"></a><span class="w">  </span>There<span class="w"> </span>is<span class="w"> </span>no<span class="w"> </span>undo.<span class="w"> </span>Only<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;yes&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span>will<span class="w"> </span>be<span class="w"> </span>accepted<span class="w"> </span>to<span class="w"> </span>confirm.
+<a id="__codelineno-34-164" name="__codelineno-34-164" href="#__codelineno-34-164"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-34-165" name="__codelineno-34-165" href="#__codelineno-34-165"></a><span class="w">  </span>Enter<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>value:<span class="w"> </span>yes
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<details class="success">
+<summary>Expected Response after choosing 'yes' </summary>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a>openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">149</span>.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a>openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>3s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>6s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a>openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>6s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Still<span class="w"> </span>destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a,<span class="w"> </span>10s<span class="w"> </span>elapsed<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Still<span class="w"> </span>destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41,<span class="w"> </span>10s<span class="w"> </span>elapsed<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>11s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Still<span class="w"> </span>destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c,<span class="w"> </span>10s<span class="w"> </span>elapsed<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a>openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span>:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>10s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>16s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a>openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>9s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Destroying...<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="nv">id</span><span class="o">=</span>1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f<span class="o">]</span>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-20" name="__codelineno-35-20" href="#__codelineno-35-20"></a>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping:<span class="w"> </span>Destruction<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">complete</span><span class="w"> </span>after<span class="w"> </span>2s
+<a id="__codelineno-35-21" name="__codelineno-35-21" href="#__codelineno-35-21"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-35-22" name="__codelineno-35-22" href="#__codelineno-35-22"></a>Destroy<span class="w"> </span>complete!<span class="w"> </span>Resources:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span>destroyed.
+</code></pre></div>
+</details>
+<h2 id="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting<a class="headerlink" href="#troubleshooting" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<details class="failure">
+<summary>My deployment cannot authenticate to the provider</summary>
+<p>Make sure that you run <code>source *-openrc.sh</code> to provide your OpenStack credentials. </p>
+<p>Also make sure that you are using the correct <code>~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub</code> key and that it has been <a href="#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack">injected to OpenStack</a></p>
+</details>
+<details class="failure">
+<summary><code>terraform destroy</code> did not complete</summary>
+<p>there was an error like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a>Error:<span class="w"> </span>Error<span class="w"> </span>deleting<span class="w"> </span>openstack_compute_secgroup_v2<span class="w"> </span>1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f:<span class="w"> </span>Bad<span class="w"> </span>request<span class="w"> </span>with:<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>DELETE<span class="w"> </span>https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:8774/v2.1/os-security-groups/1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f<span class="o">]</span>,<span class="w"> </span>error<span class="w"> </span>message:<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;badRequest&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;code&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">400</span>,<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;message&quot;</span>:<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Security Group 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f in use.\nNeutron server returns request_ids: [&#39;req-e3d1548c-9d4c-4445-9642-952977a44853&#39;]&quot;</span><span class="o">}}</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Try running <code>terraform destroy</code> one more time, occasionally Horizon times out while destroying deployments.</p>
+</details>
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diff --git a/orchestration/terra/terra.md b/orchestration/terra/terra.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ba8133b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/orchestration/terra/terra.md
@@ -0,0 +1,1235 @@
+# Introduction to Terraform
+
+[:simple-terraform: Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/){target=_blank} is an open-source infrastructure-as-code (IaC) software tool created by [HashiCorp](https://www.hashicorp.com/){target=_blank}.
+
+??? Info "What is Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC)?"
+
+    "Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools." - [:simple-wikipedia: Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure_as_code){target=_blank}
+
+    IaC tools allow you to manage infrastructure with configuration files rather than through a graphical user interface. IaC allows you to build, change, and manage your infrastructure in a safe, consistent, and repeatable way by defining resource configurations that you can version, reuse, and share. -- [:simple-terraform: Terraform Documentation](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/tutorials/aws-get-started/infrastructure-as-code){target=_blank}
+
+## Overview
+
+This basic tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) as infrastructure on OpenStack Cloud.  
+
+!!! success "Goals"
+
+    :material-play: Understand orchestration for deployment to OpenStack cloud (Jetstream2)
+
+    :material-play: Understand the benefits of Terraform
+
+    :material-play: Ability to perform basic deployments on OpenStack using Terraform
+
+    :material-play: Ability to perform provisioning of deployed OpenStack resources through Terraform
+
+    ??? Failure "Things we won't cover"
+
+        :material-play: OpenStack API
+        
+        :material-play: All of Terraform's features
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+* Basic understanding of [:simple-openstack: OpenStack](https://www.openstack.org/){target=_blank} and VMs
+
+* Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use [Jetstream2](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/){target=_blank})
+
+* [:simple-terraform: Terraform](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads){target=_blank} installed on your local machine
+
+* Optional: request your own allocation to Jetstream2 on [NSF ACCESS-CI](https://allocations.access-ci.org/){target=_blank}
+
+!!! success "Outcomes"
+
+    By the end of this tutorial, you will 
+    
+    :material-play: have created SSH keypair
+
+    :material-play: generated an `*-openrc.sh` file from OpenStack
+
+    :material-play: started, stopped, and destroyed a Terraform deployment on an OpenStack Cloud
+
+
+??? Info "Terminology"
+
+    **:material-play: Ansible** - is a suite of software tools that enables infrastructure as code
+
+    **:material-play: Deploy** - to create a cloud resource or software
+   
+    **:material-play: Infrastructure** - is the collection of hardware and software elements such as computing power, networking, storage, and virtualization resources needed to enable cloud computing
+
+    **:material-play: Orchestration** - is the automated configuring, coordinating, and managing of computer systems and software
+
+    **:material-play: Playbook** - are a list of tasks that automatically execute against a host
+
+    **:material-play: Provision** - making changes to a VM including updating the operating system, installing software, adding configurations
+
+    **:material-play: Terraform** - is an infrastructure as code tool that lets you build, change, and version cloud and on-prem resources safely and efficiently
+
+### Getting onto :simple-openstack: OpenStack Cloud
+
+??? Info "What is OpenStack?"
+
+    [:simple-openstack: OpenStack](https://www.openstack.org/){target=_blank} is an open source cloud computing infrastructure software project and is one of the three most active open source projects in the world.
+
+    OpenStack clouds are managed by individuals and institutions on their own bare-metal hardware. 
+
+[![ACCESS](../assets/terraform/access-logo.svg){width=200}](https://allocations.access-ci.org/){target=_blank} 
+
+If you do not have an account, go to [https://allocations.access-ci.org/](https://allocations.access-ci.org/){target=_blank} and begin the process by requesting an "Explore" start-up allocation. 
+
+ACCESS is the NSF's management layer for their research computing network (formerly called TerraGrid and XSEDE) which includes high performance computing, high throughput computing, and research clouds like Jetstream2. 
+
+[![JS2](../assets/terraform/js2-logo.png){width=200}](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/access/){target=_blank} 
+
+Jetstream2 is a public research cloud which uses OpenStack as its management layer. 
+
+CyVerse is developing a User Interface for Jetstream2 called [CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration)](https://cacao.jetstream-cloud.org/help){target=_blank}. Beneath its hood is Terraform. CACAO can also be used from the CLI (which we will [show in a later lesson](./cacao_terra.md)).
+
+## :simple-terraform: Terraform installation
+
+[:simple-terraform: Official Documentation](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/tutorials/aws-get-started/install-cli#install-terraform){target=_blank}
+
+??? Tip "Windows Installation"
+
+    Download [Terraform](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/downloads) using the appropriate distribution for your OS
+
+??? Tip "Mac OS X Installation"
+
+    Instructions for Mac OS X installation
+
+    If you're on OS X, you can use [brew](https://brew.sh/) to install with the following commands:
+
+    ```bash
+    # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli
+    brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform
+
+    # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory)
+    brew install ansible jq
+    ```
+
+??? Tip "Linux Installation"
+
+    Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation
+
+    ```bash
+    wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg
+    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list
+    sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform
+    ```
+
+    Install Ansible & J Query
+
+    ```bash
+    sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible
+    sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq
+    ```
+
+Confirm installation:
+
+```bash
+terraform
+```
+
+Should output:
+
+```bash
+Usage: terraform [global options] <subcommand> [args]
+
+The available commands for execution are listed below.
+The primary workflow commands are given first, followed by
+less common or more advanced commands.
+
+Main commands:
+  init          Prepare your working directory for other commands
+  validate      Check whether the configuration is valid
+  plan          Show changes required by the current configuration
+  apply         Create or update infrastructure
+  destroy       Destroy previously-created infrastructure
+
+All other commands:
+  console       Try Terraform expressions at an interactive command prompt
+  fmt           Reformat your configuration in the standard style
+  force-unlock  Release a stuck lock on the current workspace
+  get           Install or upgrade remote Terraform modules
+  graph         Generate a Graphviz graph of the steps in an operation
+  import        Associate existing infrastructure with a Terraform resource
+  login         Obtain and save credentials for a remote host
+  logout        Remove locally-stored credentials for a remote host
+  metadata      Metadata related commands
+  output        Show output values from your root module
+  providers     Show the providers required for this configuration
+  refresh       Update the state to match remote systems
+  show          Show the current state or a saved plan
+  state         Advanced state management
+  taint         Mark a resource instance as not fully functional
+  test          Experimental support for module integration testing
+  untaint       Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource instance
+  version       Show the current Terraform version
+  workspace     Workspace management
+
+Global options (use these before the subcommand, if any):
+  -chdir=DIR    Switch to a different working directory before executing the
+                given subcommand.
+  -help         Show this help output, or the help for a specified subcommand.
+  -version      An alias for the "version" subcommand.
+```
+
+## Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform
+
+Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface
+
+**Step 1** Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface and create application credentials
+
+Generate an `openrc.sh` file in Jetstream2 Horizon Interface ([https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org](https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org)), 
+
+Select the "Identity" then "Application Credentials" option in the menu (left side)
+
+Select "+ Create Application Credential" button on right
+
+![create application credential](../assets/terraform/create_app_cred.png)
+
+Give your new credentials a name and description, leave most of the fields blank
+
+![create description application credential](../assets/terraform/description_app_cred.png)
+
+Download the new crededential `openrc.sh` file to your local
+
+!!! Tip "**Important**" 
+    
+    Do not close the Application Credentials window without copying the `secret` or downloading the `openrc.sh` file.
+
+    ![download credential](../assets/terraform/download_app_cred.png)
+
+### Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack
+
+??? Tip "Creating a SSH key"
+
+    To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps:
+
+    **Step 1:** Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair:
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
+    ```
+
+    **Step 2:** When prompted, press "Enter" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key.
+
+    Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later.
+
+    Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
+    ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+    ```
+
+    **Step 3:** Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing "user" and "server" with your username and server address:
+
+    ```bash
+    ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip>
+    ```
+
+    **create_ssh_script.sh:**
+
+    ```bash
+    #!/bin/bash
+
+    echo "Generating SSH key pair..."
+    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
+
+    echo "Adding key to SSH agent..."
+    eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
+    ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+
+    read -p "Enter your remote server username: " username
+    read -p "Enter your remote server IP address: " server
+
+    echo "Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:"
+
+    ssh-copy-id username@server
+
+    echo "SSH key setup complete!"
+    ```
+
+    Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh
+    ```
+
+    run it with the following command:
+
+    ```bash
+    ./create_ssh_script.sh
+    ```
+
+Check to make sure you have a public key in the `~/.ssh/` directory, it should have the extension `.pub`
+
+```bash
+ls ~/.ssh/
+```
+
+Create the keypair to OpenStack
+
+```bash
+openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub tswetnam-terraform-key
+```
+
+You can now check in OpenStack for the new keypair here: [https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs](https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs){target=_blank}
+
+## Initialize your Terraform project
+
+Create a new project folder for our configuration files.
+
+```bash
+mkdir ~/terraform
+```
+
+Copy the `openrc.sh` file you downloaded from OpenStack into the new folder.
+
+```bash
+cp *-openrc.sh ~/terraform/
+```
+
+Change Directory into your new `terraform/` folder and `source` the `openrc.sh` file to create its environmental variables locally.
+
+By sourcing this file, you avoid placing sensitive information about yourself into your code. 
+
+```bash
+source *-openrc.sh
+```
+
+### Configuration files
+
+Terraform code is written in HCL (Hashicorp Configuration Language), and its configuration files typically end in the `.tf` file extension. 
+
+Configuration `.tf` files can either be split into multiple files or maintained in a single file. 
+
+When using multiple files, it is up to your discretion what the file names are, or how many you decide to split it into.
+
+#### File Organization
+
+An example for file organization of a terraform project might involve:
+
+```css
+terraform-project/
+├── main.tf
+├── variables.tf
+├── outputs.tf
+├── instances.tf
+├── security.tf
+└── modules/
+    ├── network/
+    │   ├── main.tf
+    │   ├── variables.tf
+    │   └── outputs.tf
+    └── compute/
+        ├── main.tf
+        ├── variables.tf
+        └── outputs.tf
+```
+
+**:simple-terraform: Main Configuration File (`main.tf`):** - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Security File (`security.tf`):** - contains optional security group details for instances.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Variables File (`variables.tf`):** - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Instances File (`instances.tf`):** - provisions the Instance flavor and IP networking of the VMs
+
+**:simple-terraform: Outputs File (`outputs.tf`):** - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources.
+
+##### Other optional files
+
+**:simple-terraform: Provider Configuration File (`provider.tf`):** - includes the provider(s) used in the configuration, such as OpenStack (on commerical cloud: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure, or Google Cloud Platform(GCP)) along with their authentication and regional settings.
+
+**:simple-terraform: Modules and Reusable Configurations:** - create separate `.tf` files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.
+
+## Terraform configuration files.
+
+Create the `main.tf` file in the `~/terraform/` directory
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `main.tf`
+
+```bash
+terraform {
+  required_version = ">= 0.14.0"
+  required_providers {
+    openstack = {
+      source = "terraform-provider-openstack/openstack"
+      version = ">=1.47.0"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+provider "openstack" {
+  auth_url = "https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:5000/v3/"
+  region = "IU"
+}
+```
+
+The `main.tf` file has just the basics for calling out to an OpenStack provider - we created the necessary configurations for this in the prior steps by sourcing the `*-openrc.sh` file and running `terraform init`. 
+
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `variables.tf`
+
+Create `variables.tf`, it can also be called `inputs.tf` 
+
+Here you need to go back to OpenStack and get a couple of additional variables:
+
+`vm_number` - defines the number of VMs you wish to launch
+
+`public_key` - you need the name of your paired SSH key that you generated in the [prior step](#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack)
+
+`image_name` - select the name of a featured or unique image you wish to launch.
+
+```bash
+variable "vm_number" {
+  # creates a single VM
+  # replace with a larger number to launch more than one VM
+  default = "1"
+}
+
+variable "public_key" {
+  # replace this with the name of the public ssh key you uploaded to Jetstream 2
+  # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/cli/managing-ssh-keys/
+  default = "tswetnam-terraform-key"
+}
+
+variable "image_name" {
+  # replace this with the image name of the ubuntu iso you want to use
+  # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/images 
+  default = "Featured-Ubuntu20"
+}
+
+variable "network_name" {
+  # replace this with the id of the public interface on JS2 in Project / Network / Networks / public
+  # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/networks/ 
+  default = "auto_allocated_network"
+}
+```
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `security.tf`
+
+This file produces two distinct security groups, `terraform_ssh_ping` creates a group with `ssh` access and `ping`, `terraform_tcp_1` creates a group which opens the HTTP (80, 8080), HTTPS (443) ports for connecting a browser based service.
+
+```bash
+################
+#Security section
+################
+
+# Creating Compute Security group
+resource "openstack_compute_secgroup_v2" "terraform_ssh_ping" {
+  name = "terraform_ssh_ping"
+  description = "Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+
+  #ssh rule
+  rule{
+    ip_protocol = "tcp"
+    from_port  =  "22"
+    to_port    =  "22"
+    cidr       = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  }
+  rule {
+    from_port   = -1
+    to_port     = -1
+    ip_protocol = "icmp"
+    cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  }
+
+}
+
+# Create a Netowrking Security group
+resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_v2" "terraform_tcp_1" {
+  name        = "terraform_tcp_1"
+  description = "Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+}
+
+# Allow HTTP (port 80) traffic
+resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "http_rule" {
+  direction         = "ingress"
+  ethertype         = "IPv4"
+  protocol          = "tcp"
+  port_range_min    = 80
+  port_range_max    = 80
+  remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  security_group_id = "${openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1.id}"
+}
+
+# Allow HTTPS (port 443) traffic
+resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "https_rule" {
+  direction         = "ingress"
+  ethertype         = "IPv4"
+  protocol          = "tcp"
+  port_range_min    = 443
+  port_range_max    = 443
+  remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  security_group_id = "${openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1.id}"
+}
+
+# Allow Service (port 8080) traffic
+resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "service_rule" {
+  direction         = "ingress"
+  ethertype         = "IPv4"
+  protocol          = "tcp"
+  port_range_min    = 8080
+  port_range_max    = 8080
+  remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+  security_group_id = "${openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1.id}"
+}
+
+```
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `instances.tf`
+
+```bash
+################
+# Instance OS
+################
+
+# create each Ubuntu20 instance
+resource "openstack_compute_instance_v2" "Ubuntu20" {
+  name = "container_camp_Ubuntu20_${count.index}"
+  # ID of Featured-Ubuntu20
+  image_name  = var.image_name
+  # flavor_id is the size of the VM 
+  # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/vmsizes/ 
+  flavor_name  = "m3.tiny"
+  # this public key is set above in security section
+  key_pair  = var.public_key
+  security_groups   = ["terraform_ssh_ping", "default"]
+  count     = var.vm_number
+  metadata = {
+    terraform_controlled = "yes"
+  }
+  network {
+    name = var.network_name
+  }
+  #depends_on = [openstack_networking_network_v2.terraform_network]
+
+}
+# creating floating ips from the public ip pool
+resource "openstack_networking_floatingip_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+  pool = "public"
+    count     = var.vm_number
+}
+
+# assign floating ip to each Ubuntu20 VM
+resource "openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+  floating_ip = "${openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[count.index].address}"
+  instance_id = "${openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[count.index].id}"
+    count     = var.vm_number
+}
+```
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `output.tf`
+
+```bash
+################
+#Output
+################
+
+output "floating_ip_ubuntu20" {
+  value = openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20.*.address
+  description = "Public IP for Ubuntu 20"
+}
+```
+
+#### :simple-terraform: `terraform.tfvars`
+
+ A `terraform.tfvars` file is used to define the values of input variables. It can also be renamed `*.auto.tfvars`.
+ 
+ It serves as a convenient way to store and manage variable values that you don't want to hardcode in your `.tf` files or provide via command-line arguments. 
+ 
+ By using a `terraform.tfvars` file, you can easily customize and update the variable values for different environments or scenarios.
+
+ The file should contain key-value pairs, where the key is the variable name and the value is the corresponding variable value. 
+ 
+ The syntax for defining variables in the `terraform.tfvars` file can be either HCL or JSON.
+
+Add your OpenStack credentials and other required information to `terraform.tfvars`:
+
+In HCL:
+
+```bash
+openstack_user_name   = "your-openstack-username"
+openstack_password    = "your-openstack-password"
+openstack_tenant_name = "your-openstack-tenant-name"
+openstack_auth_url    = "your-openstack-auth-url"         
+```
+
+In JSON:
+```json
+{
+  "openstack_user_name": "your-openstack-username",
+  "openstack_password": "your-openstack-password",
+  "openstack_tenant_name": "your-openstack-tenant-name",
+  "openstack_auth_url": "your-openstack-auth-url"
+}         
+```
+
+When you run `terraform apply` or `terraform plan`, Terraform will automatically load the values from the `terraform.tfvars` file if it exists in the working directory. 
+
+You can also create multiple `.tfvars` files and specify which one to use by passing the `-var-file` flag when executing Terraform commands:
+
+```bash
+terraform apply -var-file="custom.tfvars"
+```
+
+### :simple-terraform: Intermediate directories and files
+
+When `terraform plan` and `terraform apply` are executed, Terraform generates some new project files, notably
+
+`.terraform/` - this directory will contain the `terraform-provider-openstack_version` and a `README.md`, `LICENCE`, and `CHANGELOG.md` 
+
+`terraform.lock.hcl` 
+
+`terraform.tfstate`
+
+`terraform.tfstate.backup`
+
+## :simple-terraform: Terraform Commands
+
+### :simple-terraform: `init`
+
+Now, you are ready to initialize the Terraform project
+
+```bash
+cd ~/terraform
+terraform init
+```
+
+??? success "Expected Response"
+
+    ```bash
+    Initializing the backend...
+
+    Initializing provider plugins...
+    - Reusing previous version of terraform-provider-openstack/openstack from the dependency lock file
+    - Using previously-installed terraform-provider-openstack/openstack v1.51.1
+
+    Terraform has been successfully initialized!
+
+    You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to see
+    any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands
+    should now work.
+
+    If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,
+    rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other
+    commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.
+    ```
+
+### :simple-terraform: `plan`
+
+`plan` - generates the configuration based on the `.tf` files in the initialized directory
+
+```bash
+terraform plan
+```
+
+??? success "Expected Response"
+
+    ```bash
+
+    Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:
+      + create
+
+    Terraform will perform the following actions:
+
+      # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          + floating_ip = (known after apply)
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + instance_id = (known after apply)
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_instance_v2" "Ubuntu20" {
+          + access_ip_v4        = (known after apply)
+          + access_ip_v6        = (known after apply)
+          + all_metadata        = (known after apply)
+          + all_tags            = (known after apply)
+          + availability_zone   = (known after apply)
+          + created             = (known after apply)
+          + flavor_id           = (known after apply)
+          + flavor_name         = "m3.tiny"
+          + force_delete        = false
+          + id                  = (known after apply)
+          + image_id            = (known after apply)
+          + image_name          = "Featured-Ubuntu20"
+          + key_pair            = "tswetnam-terraform-key"
+          + metadata            = {
+              + "terraform_controlled" = "yes"
+            }
+          + name                = "container_camp_Ubuntu20_0"
+          + power_state         = "active"
+          + region              = (known after apply)
+          + security_groups     = [
+              + "default",
+              + "terraform_ssh_ping",
+            ]
+          + stop_before_destroy = false
+          + updated             = (known after apply)
+
+          + network {
+              + access_network = false
+              + fixed_ip_v4    = (known after apply)
+              + fixed_ip_v6    = (known after apply)
+              + floating_ip    = (known after apply)
+              + mac            = (known after apply)
+              + name           = "auto_allocated_network"
+              + port           = (known after apply)
+              + uuid           = (known after apply)
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_secgroup_v2" "terraform_ssh_ping" {
+          + description = "Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + name        = "terraform_ssh_ping"
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+
+          + rule {
+              + cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0"
+              + from_port   = -1
+              + id          = (known after apply)
+              + ip_protocol = "icmp"
+              + self        = false
+              + to_port     = -1
+            }
+          + rule {
+              + cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0"
+              + from_port   = 22
+              + id          = (known after apply)
+              + ip_protocol = "tcp"
+              + self        = false
+              + to_port     = 22
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_floatingip_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          + address    = (known after apply)
+          + all_tags   = (known after apply)
+          + dns_domain = (known after apply)
+          + dns_name   = (known after apply)
+          + fixed_ip   = (known after apply)
+          + id         = (known after apply)
+          + pool       = "public"
+          + port_id    = (known after apply)
+          + region     = (known after apply)
+          + subnet_id  = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id  = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "http_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 80
+          + port_range_min    = 80
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "https_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 443
+          + port_range_min    = 443
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "service_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 8080
+          + port_range_min    = 8080
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_v2" "terraform_tcp_1" {
+          + all_tags    = (known after apply)
+          + description = "Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + name        = "terraform_tcp_1"
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id   = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+    Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
+
+    Changes to Outputs:
+      + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [
+          + null,
+        ]
+
+    ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    Note: You didn't use the -out option to save this plan, so Terraform can't guarantee to take exactly these actions if you run "terraform apply"
+    now.
+    ```
+
+### :simple-terraform: apply
+
+```bash
+terraform apply
+```
+
+??? success "Expected response"
+
+    ```bash
+    Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:
+      + create
+
+    Terraform will perform the following actions:
+
+      # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          + floating_ip = (known after apply)
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + instance_id = (known after apply)
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_instance_v2" "Ubuntu20" {
+          + access_ip_v4        = (known after apply)
+          + access_ip_v6        = (known after apply)
+          + all_metadata        = (known after apply)
+          + all_tags            = (known after apply)
+          + availability_zone   = (known after apply)
+          + created             = (known after apply)
+          + flavor_id           = (known after apply)
+          + flavor_name         = "m3.tiny"
+          + force_delete        = false
+          + id                  = (known after apply)
+          + image_id            = (known after apply)
+          + image_name          = "Featured-Ubuntu20"
+          + key_pair            = "tswetnam-terraform-key"
+          + metadata            = {
+              + "terraform_controlled" = "yes"
+            }
+          + name                = "container_camp_Ubuntu20_0"
+          + power_state         = "active"
+          + region              = (known after apply)
+          + security_groups     = [
+              + "default",
+              + "terraform_ssh_ping",
+            ]
+          + stop_before_destroy = false
+          + updated             = (known after apply)
+
+          + network {
+              + access_network = false
+              + fixed_ip_v4    = (known after apply)
+              + fixed_ip_v6    = (known after apply)
+              + floating_ip    = (known after apply)
+              + mac            = (known after apply)
+              + name           = "auto_allocated_network"
+              + port           = (known after apply)
+              + uuid           = (known after apply)
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created
+      + resource "openstack_compute_secgroup_v2" "terraform_ssh_ping" {
+          + description = "Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + name        = "terraform_ssh_ping"
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+
+          + rule {
+              + cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0"
+              + from_port   = -1
+              + id          = (known after apply)
+              + ip_protocol = "icmp"
+              + self        = false
+              + to_port     = -1
+            }
+          + rule {
+              + cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0"
+              + from_port   = 22
+              + id          = (known after apply)
+              + ip_protocol = "tcp"
+              + self        = false
+              + to_port     = 22
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_floatingip_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          + address    = (known after apply)
+          + all_tags   = (known after apply)
+          + dns_domain = (known after apply)
+          + dns_name   = (known after apply)
+          + fixed_ip   = (known after apply)
+          + id         = (known after apply)
+          + pool       = "public"
+          + port_id    = (known after apply)
+          + region     = (known after apply)
+          + subnet_id  = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id  = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "http_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 80
+          + port_range_min    = 80
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "https_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 443
+          + port_range_min    = 443
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "service_rule" {
+          + direction         = "ingress"
+          + ethertype         = "IPv4"
+          + id                = (known after apply)
+          + port_range_max    = 8080
+          + port_range_min    = 8080
+          + protocol          = "tcp"
+          + region            = (known after apply)
+          + remote_group_id   = (known after apply)
+          + remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0"
+          + security_group_id = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id         = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created
+      + resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_v2" "terraform_tcp_1" {
+          + all_tags    = (known after apply)
+          + description = "Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0"
+          + id          = (known after apply)
+          + name        = "terraform_tcp_1"
+          + region      = (known after apply)
+          + tenant_id   = (known after apply)
+        }
+
+    Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
+
+    Changes to Outputs:
+      + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [
+          + null,
+        ]
+
+    Do you want to perform these actions?
+      Terraform will perform the actions described above.
+      Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
+    ```
+
+You should be prompted
+
+```bash
+ Do you want to perform these actions?
+      Terraform will perform the actions described above.
+      Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
+```
+
+??? success "Expected Response after choosing 'yes' "
+    
+    ```bash
+
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creating...
+    openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Creating...
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creating...
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Creating...
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creation complete after 1s [id=4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creating...
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creating...
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creating...
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creation complete after 1s [id=2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creation complete after 2s [id=ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creation complete after 2s [id=20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b]
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creation complete after 4s [id=1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f]
+    openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Creation complete after 7s [id=6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75]
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Still creating... [10s elapsed]
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Creation complete after 15s [id=afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c]
+    openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Creating...
+    openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Creation complete after 2s [id=149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/]
+
+    Apply complete! Resources: 8 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
+
+    Outputs:
+
+    floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [
+      "149.165.168.217",
+    ]
+    ```
+
+**Congratulations!** You now have a running VM, you can check its status on Horizon, or try to connect to it over `ssh`
+
+The `floating_ip_ubuntu20` should be the new VM's IP address (yours will be different than this example).
+
+`ssh ubuntu@<IP-ADDRESS>` 
+
+Make sure that 
+
+### :simple-terraform: destroy
+
+When you are ready to complete the use of your VMs or your deployment, you can `destroy` the project.
+
+```bash
+terraform destroy
+```
+
+??? success "Expected Response"
+
+    ```bash
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Refreshing state... [id=1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f]
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Refreshing state... [id=afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Refreshing state... [id=4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c]
+    openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Refreshing state... [id=6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Refreshing state... [id=ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Refreshing state... [id=20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Refreshing state... [id=2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41]
+    openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Refreshing state... [id=149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/]
+
+    Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following
+    symbols:
+      - destroy
+
+    Terraform will perform the following actions:
+
+      # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          - floating_ip = "149.165.168.217" -> null
+          - id          = "149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/" -> null
+          - instance_id = "afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c" -> null
+          - region      = "IU" -> null
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_compute_instance_v2" "Ubuntu20" {
+          - access_ip_v4        = "10.0.24.205" -> null
+          - all_metadata        = {
+              - "terraform_controlled" = "yes"
+            } -> null
+          - all_tags            = [] -> null
+          - availability_zone   = "nova" -> null
+          - created             = "2023-03-23 23:09:42 +0000 UTC" -> null
+          - flavor_id           = "1" -> null
+          - flavor_name         = "m3.tiny" -> null
+          - force_delete        = false -> null
+          - id                  = "afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c" -> null
+          - image_id            = "27424df1-c3ea-4c4a-ad8b-6ea9a476f6f8" -> null
+          - image_name          = "Featured-Ubuntu20" -> null
+          - key_pair            = "tswetnam-terraform-key" -> null
+          - metadata            = {
+              - "terraform_controlled" = "yes"
+            } -> null
+          - name                = "container_camp_Ubuntu20_0" -> null
+          - power_state         = "active" -> null
+          - region              = "IU" -> null
+          - security_groups     = [
+              - "default",
+              - "terraform_ssh_ping",
+            ] -> null
+          - stop_before_destroy = false -> null
+          - tags                = [] -> null
+          - updated             = "2023-03-23 23:09:52 +0000 UTC" -> null
+
+          - network {
+              - access_network = false -> null
+              - fixed_ip_v4    = "10.0.24.205" -> null
+              - mac            = "fa:16:3e:16:6e:8f" -> null
+              - name           = "auto_allocated_network" -> null
+              - uuid           = "e4ff98ff-d29a-48f4-a95b-88ebd6b0662f" -> null
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_compute_secgroup_v2" "terraform_ssh_ping" {
+          - description = "Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+          - id          = "1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f" -> null
+          - name        = "terraform_ssh_ping" -> null
+          - region      = "IU" -> null
+
+          - rule {
+              - cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+              - from_port   = -1 -> null
+              - id          = "611e1c0a-edc1-462d-8e1a-5f8a72c4d968" -> null
+              - ip_protocol = "icmp" -> null
+              - self        = false -> null
+              - to_port     = -1 -> null
+            }
+          - rule {
+              - cidr        = "0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+              - from_port   = 22 -> null
+              - id          = "ce99a035-5df2-4131-ba90-268d045d0ff3" -> null
+              - ip_protocol = "tcp" -> null
+              - self        = false -> null
+              - to_port     = 22 -> null
+            }
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_networking_floatingip_v2" "terraform_floatip_ubuntu20" {
+          - address   = "149.165.168.217" -> null
+          - all_tags  = [] -> null
+          - fixed_ip  = "10.0.24.205" -> null
+          - id        = "6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75" -> null
+          - pool      = "public" -> null
+          - port_id   = "71e9ae50-e281-4f98-afab-f1b6c1932806" -> null
+          - region    = "IU" -> null
+          - tags      = [] -> null
+          - tenant_id = "db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298" -> null
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "http_rule" {
+          - direction         = "ingress" -> null
+          - ethertype         = "IPv4" -> null
+          - id                = "2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41" -> null
+          - port_range_max    = 80 -> null
+          - port_range_min    = 80 -> null
+          - protocol          = "tcp" -> null
+          - region            = "IU" -> null
+          - remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+          - security_group_id = "4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c" -> null
+          - tenant_id         = "db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298" -> null
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "https_rule" {
+          - direction         = "ingress" -> null
+          - ethertype         = "IPv4" -> null
+          - id                = "20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b" -> null
+          - port_range_max    = 443 -> null
+          - port_range_min    = 443 -> null
+          - protocol          = "tcp" -> null
+          - region            = "IU" -> null
+          - remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+          - security_group_id = "4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c" -> null
+          - tenant_id         = "db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298" -> null
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2" "service_rule" {
+          - direction         = "ingress" -> null
+          - ethertype         = "IPv4" -> null
+          - id                = "ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a" -> null
+          - port_range_max    = 8080 -> null
+          - port_range_min    = 8080 -> null
+          - protocol          = "tcp" -> null
+          - region            = "IU" -> null
+          - remote_ip_prefix  = "0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+          - security_group_id = "4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c" -> null
+          - tenant_id         = "db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298" -> null
+        }
+
+      # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be destroyed
+      - resource "openstack_networking_secgroup_v2" "terraform_tcp_1" {
+          - all_tags    = [] -> null
+          - description = "Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0" -> null
+          - id          = "4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c" -> null
+          - name        = "terraform_tcp_1" -> null
+          - region      = "IU" -> null
+          - tags        = [] -> null
+          - tenant_id   = "db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298" -> null
+        }
+
+    Plan: 0 to add, 0 to change, 8 to destroy.
+
+    Changes to Outputs:
+      - floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [
+          - "149.165.168.217",
+        ] -> null
+
+    Do you really want to destroy all resources?
+      Terraform will destroy all your managed infrastructure, as shown above.
+      There is no undo. Only 'yes' will be accepted to confirm.
+
+      Enter a value: yes
+    ```
+
+
+??? success "Expected Response after choosing 'yes' "
+
+    ```bash
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destroying... [id=ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destroying... [id=20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b]
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [id=1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destroying... [id=2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41]
+    openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Destroying... [id=149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/]
+    openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Destruction complete after 3s
+    openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Destroying... [id=6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75]
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Destroying... [id=afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destruction complete after 6s
+    openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0]: Destruction complete after 6s
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Still destroying... [id=ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a, 10s elapsed]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Still destroying... [id=2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41, 10s elapsed]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destruction complete after 11s
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Still destroying... [id=afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c, 10s elapsed]
+    openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0]: Destruction complete after 10s
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destruction complete after 16s
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destroying... [id=4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c]
+    openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destruction complete after 9s
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [id=1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f]
+    openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destruction complete after 2s
+
+    Destroy complete! Resources: 8 destroyed.
+    ```
+
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+??? failure "My deployment cannot authenticate to the provider"
+
+    Make sure that you run `source *-openrc.sh` to provide your OpenStack credentials. 
+
+    Also make sure that you are using the correct `~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub` key and that it has been [injected to OpenStack](#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack)
+
+??? failure "`terraform destroy` did not complete" 
+
+    there was an error like:
+
+    ```bash
+    Error: Error deleting openstack_compute_secgroup_v2 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f: Bad request with: [DELETE https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:8774/v2.1/os-security-groups/1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f], error message: {"badRequest": {"code": 400, "message": "Security Group 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f in use.\nNeutron server returns request_ids: ['req-e3d1548c-9d4c-4445-9642-952977a44853']"}}
+    ```
+
+    Try running `terraform destroy` one more time, occasionally Horizon times out while destroying deployments.
+
diff --git a/resources/chatgpt/chatgpt.md b/resources/chatgpt/chatgpt.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
diff --git a/resources/chatgpt/index.html b/resources/chatgpt/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a5ebac5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/chatgpt/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1227 @@
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en" class="no-js">
+  <head>
+    
+      <meta charset="utf-8">
+      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+      
+        <meta name="description" content="Documentation for container related workshop.">
+      
+      
+        <meta name="author" content="CyVerse Science Team">
+      
+      
+        <link rel="canonical" href="https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/chatgpt/">
+      
+      <link rel="icon" href="../../assets/favicon.png">
+      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.5.1, mkdocs-material-8.5.10">
+    
+    
+      
+        <title>Chatgpt - Cloud Native Camp</title>
+      
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+    
+      <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.975780f9.min.css">
+      
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+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css">
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+      
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+    
+    <script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
+    
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+    <body dir="ltr" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="teal" data-md-color-accent="blue">
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+    
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+    <input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
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+    <div data-md-component="skip">
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+    <div data-md-component="announce">
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+
+    </a>
+    <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
+      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3V6m0 5h18v2H3v-2m0 5h18v2H3v-2Z"/></svg>
+    </label>
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+            </label>
+          
+        
+          
+          
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+  
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+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
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+
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+          
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+
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diff --git a/resources/docker/docker.md b/resources/docker/docker.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e4323dbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/docker/docker.md
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+## Useful Resources related to Docker
+
+[:material-sunglasses: Awesome Docker List](https://veggiemonk.github.io/awesome-docker){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Labs](https://github.com/docker/labs){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Community Forums](https://forums.docker.com/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Official Documentation](http://docs.docker.com/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker on :material-stack-overflow: StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Official :material-twitter: Twitter](http://twitter.com/docker){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Play With Docker](http://training.play-with-docker.com/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Docker Cloud](https://cloud.docker.com){target=_blank}
+
+## Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries
+
+[:material-lighthouse: Harbor.io](https://goharbor.io/){target=_blank} - Go Harbor Kubernetes Docker registry
+
+[NVIDIA GPU Cloud](https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/{target=_blank})
+
+[BioContainers](https://biocontainers.pro/){target=_blank}
+
+## Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose
+
+[:material-sunglasses: Awesome Docker Compose](https://github.com/docker/awesome-compose){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-docker: Official Documentation](https://docs.docker.com/compose/){target=_blank}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/resources/docker/index.html b/resources/docker/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ee2d7763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/docker/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1368 @@
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+          Orchestration
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+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
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+        Amazon Web Services
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+        VSCode
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+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Docker
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-private-and-self-hosted-container-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker-compose" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Docker
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-private-and-self-hosted-container-registries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker-compose" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/resources/docker.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Docker</h1>
+
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-docker">Useful Resources related to Docker<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://veggiemonk.github.io/awesome-docker" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 17H4C2.38 17 .96 15.74.76 14.14l-.5-2.99C.15 10.3.39 9.5.91 8.92 1.43 8.34 2.19 8 3 8h6c.83 0 1.58.35 2.06.96.11.15.21.31.29.49.43-.09.87-.09 1.29 0 .08-.18.18-.34.3-.49C13.41 8.35 14.16 8 15 8h6c.81 0 1.57.34 2.09.92.51.58.75 1.38.65 2.19l-.51 3.07C23.04 15.74 21.61 17 20 17h-3c-1.56 0-3.08-1.19-3.46-2.7l-.9-2.71c-.38-.28-.91-.28-1.29 0l-.92 2.78C10.07 15.82 8.56 17 7 17Z"/></svg></span> Awesome Docker List</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/docker/labs" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Labs</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://forums.docker.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Community Forums</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://hub.docker.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Hub</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://docs.docker.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Official Documentation</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker on <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.36 20.2v-5.38h1.79V22H3v-7.18h1.8v5.38h12.56M6.77 14.32l.37-1.76 8.79 1.85-.37 1.76-8.79-1.85m1.16-4.21.76-1.61 8.14 3.78-.76 1.62-8.14-3.79m2.26-3.99 1.15-1.38 6.9 5.76-1.15 1.37-6.9-5.75m4.45-4.25L20 9.08l-1.44 1.07-5.36-7.21 1.44-1.07M6.59 18.41v-1.8h8.98v1.8H6.59Z"/></svg></span> StackOverflow</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://twitter.com/docker" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Official <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22.46 6c-.77.35-1.6.58-2.46.69.88-.53 1.56-1.37 1.88-2.38-.83.5-1.75.85-2.72 1.05C18.37 4.5 17.26 4 16 4c-2.35 0-4.27 1.92-4.27 4.29 0 .34.04.67.11.98C8.28 9.09 5.11 7.38 3 4.79c-.37.63-.58 1.37-.58 2.15 0 1.49.75 2.81 1.91 3.56-.71 0-1.37-.2-1.95-.5v.03c0 2.08 1.48 3.82 3.44 4.21a4.22 4.22 0 0 1-1.93.07 4.28 4.28 0 0 0 4 2.98 8.521 8.521 0 0 1-5.33 1.84c-.34 0-.68-.02-1.02-.06C3.44 20.29 5.7 21 8.12 21 16 21 20.33 14.46 20.33 8.79c0-.19 0-.37-.01-.56.84-.6 1.56-1.36 2.14-2.23Z"/></svg></span> Twitter</a></p>
+<p><a href="http://training.play-with-docker.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Play With Docker</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://cloud.docker.com" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker Cloud</a></p>
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-private-and-self-hosted-container-registries">Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-private-and-self-hosted-container-registries" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://goharbor.io/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 10V8h1V4H8V3l4-2 4 2v1h-1v4h1v2h-1.26l-6.3 3.64L9 10H8m5-2V4h-2v4h2M7 23l.04-.24 9.11-5.26.52 3.38L13 23H7m1.05-6.83L15.31 12l.52 3.37-8.4 4.85.62-4.05Z"/></svg></span> Harbor.io</a> - Go Harbor Kubernetes Docker registry</p>
+<p><a href="https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/{target=_blank}">NVIDIA GPU Cloud</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://biocontainers.pro/" target="_blank">BioContainers</a></p>
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-docker-compose">Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-docker-compose" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/docker/awesome-compose" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 17H4C2.38 17 .96 15.74.76 14.14l-.5-2.99C.15 10.3.39 9.5.91 8.92 1.43 8.34 2.19 8 3 8h6c.83 0 1.58.35 2.06.96.11.15.21.31.29.49.43-.09.87-.09 1.29 0 .08-.18.18-.34.3-.49C13.41 8.35 14.16 8 15 8h6c.81 0 1.57.34 2.09.92.51.58.75 1.38.65 2.19l-.51 3.07C23.04 15.74 21.61 17 20 17h-3c-1.56 0-3.08-1.19-3.46-2.7l-.9-2.71c-.38-.28-.91-.28-1.29 0l-.92 2.78C10.07 15.82 8.56 17 7 17Z"/></svg></span> Awesome Docker Compose</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Official Documentation</a></p>
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+      </a>
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+      </nav>
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+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
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+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+          
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
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+              
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+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
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+  
+  
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
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+        Amazon Web Services
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+        </label>
+      
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+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
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+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-kubernetes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful resources related to  Kubernetes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-automation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful resources related to Automation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
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+  
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
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+    </li>
+  
+
+    
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+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-kubernetes" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful resources related to  Kubernetes
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#useful-resources-related-to-automation" class="md-nav__link">
+    Useful resources related to Automation
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/resources/k8s.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Kubernetes</h1>
+
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-kubernetes">Useful resources related to <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.95 13.5h-.23c-.18.11-.26.32-.18.5l.86 2.11c.83-.53 1.46-1.32 1.79-2.25l-2.23-.36h-.01m-3.45.29a.415.415 0 0 0-.38-.29h-.08l-2.22.37c.33.92.96 1.7 1.79 2.23l.85-2.07V14c.04-.05.04-.14.04-.21m1.83.81a.378.378 0 0 0-.51-.15c-.07.05-.12.08-.15.15h-.01l-1.09 1.97c.78.26 1.62.31 2.43.12.14-.03.29-.07.43-.12l-1.09-1.97h-.01m3.45-4.57L14.1 11.5l.01.03a.37.37 0 0 0-.04.53c.05.06.11.1.18.12l.01.01 2.17.62c.07-.97-.14-1.95-.65-2.78m-3.11.16c.01.21.18.37.39.36.08 0 .15-.02.21-.05h.01l1.83-1.31a4.45 4.45 0 0 0-2.57-1.24l.13 2.24m-1.94.31c.17.11.4.08.52-.09.05-.06.07-.13.08-.21h.01l.12-2.25c-.15.02-.3.05-.46.08-.8.18-1.54.58-2.12 1.16l1.84 1.31h.01m-.99 1.69c.2-.05.32-.26.26-.46 0-.08-.05-.14-.11-.19v-.01L8.21 10c-.52.86-.74 1.84-.63 2.82l2.16-.62v-.01m1.64.66.62.3.62-.3.15-.67-.43-.53h-.69l-.43.53.16.67m10.89 1.32L20.5 6.5c-.09-.42-.37-.76-.74-.94l-7.17-3.43c-.37-.17-.81-.17-1.19 0L4.24 5.56c-.37.18-.65.52-.74.94l-1.77 7.67c-.05.2-.05.4 0 .59.01.06.03.12.05.18.03.09.08.19.13.27.03.04.05.08.09.11l4.95 6.18c.02 0 .05.04.05.06.1.09.19.16.28.22.12.08.26.14.4.17.11.05.23.05.32.05h8.12c.07 0 .14-.03.2-.05.05-.01.1-.03.14-.04.04-.02.07-.03.11-.05.05-.02.1-.05.15-.08.12-.08.23-.18.33-.28l.15-.2 4.8-5.98c.1-.12.17-.25.22-.38.02-.06.04-.12.05-.18.05-.19.05-.4 0-.59m-7.43 2.99c.02.06.04.12.07.17-.04.08-.06.17-.03.26.12.24.23.46.38.68.08.11.16.23.24.34 0 .03.03.08.04.12.12.2.06.46-.15.59s-.47.05-.59-.15c-.01-.03-.02-.05-.03-.08-.02-.03-.04-.09-.06-.09-.05-.15-.09-.28-.12-.41-.09-.25-.17-.49-.3-.72a.375.375 0 0 0-.21-.14l-.08-.16c-1.29.48-2.7.48-3.97-.01l-.1.18c-.07.01-.14.04-.19.09-.14.24-.24.49-.33.77-.03.13-.07.26-.12.4-.02 0-.04.07-.06.1a.43.43 0 0 1-.81-.29c.01-.03.03-.05.04-.08.04-.03.04-.08.04-.11.09-.12.16-.23.24-.35.16-.21.29-.45.39-.69a.54.54 0 0 0-.03-.25l.07-.18a5.611 5.611 0 0 1-2.47-3.09l-.2.03a.388.388 0 0 0-.23-.09c-.27.05-.51.13-.77.22-.11.06-.24.11-.37.15-.03.01-.07.02-.13.03a.438.438 0 0 1-.54-.27c-.07-.23.04-.47.28-.55.02 0 .05-.01.08-.01v-.01h.01l.11-.02c.14-.04.28-.04.41-.04.26 0 .52-.06.77-.12.08-.05.14-.11.19-.19l.19-.05c-.21-1.36.1-2.73.86-3.87l-.14-.12c0-.09-.03-.18-.08-.25-.2-.17-.41-.32-.64-.45-.12-.06-.24-.13-.36-.21-.02-.02-.06-.05-.08-.07l-.01-.01c-.2-.16-.25-.42-.11-.63.09-.1.21-.15.35-.15.11.01.21.05.3.12l.09.07c.1.09.19.2.28.3.18.19.37.37.58.52.08.04.17.05.26.03l.15.11c.75-.8 1.73-1.36 2.8-1.6.25-.06.52-.1.78-.12l.01-.18a.45.45 0 0 0 .14-.23c.01-.26-.01-.52-.05-.77-.03-.13-.05-.27-.06-.41V5.1c-.02-.24.15-.45.39-.48s.44.15.47.38v.22c-.01.14-.03.28-.06.41-.04.25-.06.51-.05.77.02.1.07.17.14.22l.01.19c1.36.12 2.62.73 3.56 1.72l.16-.12c.09.02.18.01.26-.03.21-.15.41-.33.58-.52.09-.1.18-.2.28-.3.03-.02.07-.06.1-.06.17-.18.44-.18.59 0 .19.16.18.43 0 .6 0 .02-.03.04-.06.06a2.495 2.495 0 0 1-.44.28c-.23.13-.45.28-.64.45-.06.07-.09.15-.08.24l-.16.14a5.44 5.44 0 0 1 .88 3.86l.19.05c.04.08.11.14.19.18.25.07.51.11.77.14h.41c.03.03.08.04.12.05.24.03.4.25.37.49-.05.23-.24.4-.48.37-.03-.01-.07-.01-.07-.02v-.01c-.06 0-.1-.01-.14-.02-.13-.04-.25-.09-.36-.15-.26-.1-.5-.17-.77-.21-.09 0-.17 0-.23.08-.07-.01-.13-.02-.19-.03-.41 1.31-1.31 2.41-2.47 3.11Z"/></svg></span> Kubernetes<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-kubernetes" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html" target="_blank">Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://nubenetes.com/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 17H4C2.38 17 .96 15.74.76 14.14l-.5-2.99C.15 10.3.39 9.5.91 8.92 1.43 8.34 2.19 8 3 8h6c.83 0 1.58.35 2.06.96.11.15.21.31.29.49.43-.09.87-.09 1.29 0 .08-.18.18-.34.3-.49C13.41 8.35 14.16 8 15 8h6c.81 0 1.57.34 2.09.92.51.58.75 1.38.65 2.19l-.51 3.07C23.04 15.74 21.61 17 20 17h-3c-1.56 0-3.08-1.19-3.46-2.7l-.9-2.71c-.38-.28-.91-.28-1.29 0l-.92 2.78C10.07 15.82 8.56 17 7 17Z"/></svg></span> Nubenetes Awesome Kubernetes  <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13.95 13.5h-.23c-.18.11-.26.32-.18.5l.86 2.11c.83-.53 1.46-1.32 1.79-2.25l-2.23-.36h-.01m-3.45.29a.415.415 0 0 0-.38-.29h-.08l-2.22.37c.33.92.96 1.7 1.79 2.23l.85-2.07V14c.04-.05.04-.14.04-.21m1.83.81a.378.378 0 0 0-.51-.15c-.07.05-.12.08-.15.15h-.01l-1.09 1.97c.78.26 1.62.31 2.43.12.14-.03.29-.07.43-.12l-1.09-1.97h-.01m3.45-4.57L14.1 11.5l.01.03a.37.37 0 0 0-.04.53c.05.06.11.1.18.12l.01.01 2.17.62c.07-.97-.14-1.95-.65-2.78m-3.11.16c.01.21.18.37.39.36.08 0 .15-.02.21-.05h.01l1.83-1.31a4.45 4.45 0 0 0-2.57-1.24l.13 2.24m-1.94.31c.17.11.4.08.52-.09.05-.06.07-.13.08-.21h.01l.12-2.25c-.15.02-.3.05-.46.08-.8.18-1.54.58-2.12 1.16l1.84 1.31h.01m-.99 1.69c.2-.05.32-.26.26-.46 0-.08-.05-.14-.11-.19v-.01L8.21 10c-.52.86-.74 1.84-.63 2.82l2.16-.62v-.01m1.64.66.62.3.62-.3.15-.67-.43-.53h-.69l-.43.53.16.67m10.89 1.32L20.5 6.5c-.09-.42-.37-.76-.74-.94l-7.17-3.43c-.37-.17-.81-.17-1.19 0L4.24 5.56c-.37.18-.65.52-.74.94l-1.77 7.67c-.05.2-.05.4 0 .59.01.06.03.12.05.18.03.09.08.19.13.27.03.04.05.08.09.11l4.95 6.18c.02 0 .05.04.05.06.1.09.19.16.28.22.12.08.26.14.4.17.11.05.23.05.32.05h8.12c.07 0 .14-.03.2-.05.05-.01.1-.03.14-.04.04-.02.07-.03.11-.05.05-.02.1-.05.15-.08.12-.08.23-.18.33-.28l.15-.2 4.8-5.98c.1-.12.17-.25.22-.38.02-.06.04-.12.05-.18.05-.19.05-.4 0-.59m-7.43 2.99c.02.06.04.12.07.17-.04.08-.06.17-.03.26.12.24.23.46.38.68.08.11.16.23.24.34 0 .03.03.08.04.12.12.2.06.46-.15.59s-.47.05-.59-.15c-.01-.03-.02-.05-.03-.08-.02-.03-.04-.09-.06-.09-.05-.15-.09-.28-.12-.41-.09-.25-.17-.49-.3-.72a.375.375 0 0 0-.21-.14l-.08-.16c-1.29.48-2.7.48-3.97-.01l-.1.18c-.07.01-.14.04-.19.09-.14.24-.24.49-.33.77-.03.13-.07.26-.12.4-.02 0-.04.07-.06.1a.43.43 0 0 1-.81-.29c.01-.03.03-.05.04-.08.04-.03.04-.08.04-.11.09-.12.16-.23.24-.35.16-.21.29-.45.39-.69a.54.54 0 0 0-.03-.25l.07-.18a5.611 5.611 0 0 1-2.47-3.09l-.2.03a.388.388 0 0 0-.23-.09c-.27.05-.51.13-.77.22-.11.06-.24.11-.37.15-.03.01-.07.02-.13.03a.438.438 0 0 1-.54-.27c-.07-.23.04-.47.28-.55.02 0 .05-.01.08-.01v-.01h.01l.11-.02c.14-.04.28-.04.41-.04.26 0 .52-.06.77-.12.08-.05.14-.11.19-.19l.19-.05c-.21-1.36.1-2.73.86-3.87l-.14-.12c0-.09-.03-.18-.08-.25-.2-.17-.41-.32-.64-.45-.12-.06-.24-.13-.36-.21-.02-.02-.06-.05-.08-.07l-.01-.01c-.2-.16-.25-.42-.11-.63.09-.1.21-.15.35-.15.11.01.21.05.3.12l.09.07c.1.09.19.2.28.3.18.19.37.37.58.52.08.04.17.05.26.03l.15.11c.75-.8 1.73-1.36 2.8-1.6.25-.06.52-.1.78-.12l.01-.18a.45.45 0 0 0 .14-.23c.01-.26-.01-.52-.05-.77-.03-.13-.05-.27-.06-.41V5.1c-.02-.24.15-.45.39-.48s.44.15.47.38v.22c-.01.14-.03.28-.06.41-.04.25-.06.51-.05.77.02.1.07.17.14.22l.01.19c1.36.12 2.62.73 3.56 1.72l.16-.12c.09.02.18.01.26-.03.21-.15.41-.33.58-.52.09-.1.18-.2.28-.3.03-.02.07-.06.1-.06.17-.18.44-.18.59 0 .19.16.18.43 0 .6 0 .02-.03.04-.06.06a2.495 2.495 0 0 1-.44.28c-.23.13-.45.28-.64.45-.06.07-.09.15-.08.24l-.16.14a5.44 5.44 0 0 1 .88 3.86l.19.05c.04.08.11.14.19.18.25.07.51.11.77.14h.41c.03.03.08.04.12.05.24.03.4.25.37.49-.05.23-.24.4-.48.37-.03-.01-.07-.01-.07-.02v-.01c-.06 0-.1-.01-.14-.02-.13-.04-.25-.09-.36-.15-.26-.1-.5-.17-.77-.21-.09 0-.17 0-.23.08-.07-.01-.13-.02-.19-.03-.41 1.31-1.31 2.41-2.47 3.11Z"/></svg></span> &amp; Cloud</a> - A curated list of awesome references collected since 2018. Microservices architectures rely on DevOps practices, automation, CI/CD (Continuous Integration &amp; Delivery), and API-focused designs.</p>
+<p><a href="https://golangexample.com/a-curated-list-of-awesome-kubernetes-tools-and-resources/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 17H4C2.38 17 .96 15.74.76 14.14l-.5-2.99C.15 10.3.39 9.5.91 8.92 1.43 8.34 2.19 8 3 8h6c.83 0 1.58.35 2.06.96.11.15.21.31.29.49.43-.09.87-.09 1.29 0 .08-.18.18-.34.3-.49C13.41 8.35 14.16 8 15 8h6c.81 0 1.57.34 2.09.92.51.58.75 1.38.65 2.19l-.51 3.07C23.04 15.74 21.61 17 20 17h-3c-1.56 0-3.08-1.19-3.46-2.7l-.9-2.71c-.38-.28-.91-.28-1.29 0l-.92 2.78C10.07 15.82 8.56 17 7 17Z"/></svg></span> Golang awesome Kubernetes tools and resources</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://pacificresearchplatform.org/nautilus/" target="_blank">Pacific Research Platform</a> provides K8s through its <a href="https://ucsd-prp.gitlab.io/" target="_blank">Nautilus Clusters</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://admiralty.io/" target="_blank">Admiralty</a> - multi-cluster Kubernetes controller </p>
+<p><a href="https://rancher.com/docs/k3s/latest/en/" target="_blank">Rancher (K3s) Lightweight Kubernetes</a> for Edge, IOT, CI deployments</p>
+<p><a href="https://keda.sh/" target="_blank">KEDA</a> - K8s event driven autoscaler.</p>
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-automation">Useful resources related to Automation<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-automation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://www.terraform.io/" target="_blank">Terraform by Hashicorp</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://www.trackawesomelist.com/shuaibiyy/awesome-terraform/readme" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 17H4C2.38 17 .96 15.74.76 14.14l-.5-2.99C.15 10.3.39 9.5.91 8.92 1.43 8.34 2.19 8 3 8h6c.83 0 1.58.35 2.06.96.11.15.21.31.29.49.43-.09.87-.09 1.29 0 .08-.18.18-.34.3-.49C13.41 8.35 14.16 8 15 8h6c.81 0 1.57.34 2.09.92.51.58.75 1.38.65 2.19l-.51 3.07C23.04 15.74 21.61 17 20 17h-3c-1.56 0-3.08-1.19-3.46-2.7l-.9-2.71c-.38-.28-.91-.28-1.29 0l-.92 2.78C10.07 15.82 8.56 17 7 17Z"/></svg></span> Terraform Awesome List</a></p>
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diff --git a/resources/k8s/k8s.md b/resources/k8s/k8s.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7510c6bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/k8s/k8s.md
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+## Useful resources related to :material-kubernetes: Kubernetes
+
+[Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes](https://zero-to-jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-sunglasses: Nubenetes Awesome Kubernetes  :material-kubernetes: & Cloud](https://nubenetes.com/){target=_blank} - A curated list of awesome references collected since 2018. Microservices architectures rely on DevOps practices, automation, CI/CD (Continuous Integration & Delivery), and API-focused designs.
+
+[:material-sunglasses: Golang awesome Kubernetes tools and resources](https://golangexample.com/a-curated-list-of-awesome-kubernetes-tools-and-resources/){target=_blank}
+
+[Pacific Research Platform](https://pacificresearchplatform.org/nautilus/){target=_blank} provides K8s through its [Nautilus Clusters](https://ucsd-prp.gitlab.io/){target=_blank}
+
+[Admiralty](https://admiralty.io/){target=_blank} - multi-cluster Kubernetes controller 
+
+[Rancher (K3s) Lightweight Kubernetes](https://rancher.com/docs/k3s/latest/en/){target=_blank} for Edge, IOT, CI deployments
+
+[KEDA](https://keda.sh/){target=_blank} - K8s event driven autoscaler.
+
+## Useful resources related to Automation
+
+[Terraform by Hashicorp](https://www.terraform.io/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-sunglasses: Terraform Awesome List](https://www.trackawesomelist.com/shuaibiyy/awesome-terraform/readme){target=_blank}
+
+
diff --git a/resources/post/index.html b/resources/post/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c197a2bf
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+    <div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      <main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
+        <div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
+          
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+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary md-nav--lifted" aria-label="Navigation" data-md-level="0">
+  <label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
+    <a href="../.." title="Cloud Native Camp" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Cloud Native Camp" data-md-component="logo">
+      
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+  </label>
+  
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+      <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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+    
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+  </div>
+  <div class="md-source__repository">
+    CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp
+  </div>
+</a>
+    </div>
+  
+  <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+    
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+          <a href="../..">Home</a>
+          
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+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
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+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
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+            
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+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
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+      
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+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_2" type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
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+          
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+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../singularity/hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
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+  
+    
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
+      
+      
+      
+        
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+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Camp Discussion and Notes
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#basics" class="md-nav__link">
+    Basics
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Basics">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#queries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Queries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockerfiles-hands-on" class="md-nav__link">
+    Dockerfiles Hands-on
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pushing-to-dockerhub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pushing to DockerHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#assigning-users" class="md-nav__link">
+    Assigning Users
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rstudio-dockerfile" class="md-nav__link">
+    RStudio Dockerfile
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-commands-cheat-sheets" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Commands Cheat Sheets:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#advanced" class="md-nav__link">
+    Advanced
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Advanced">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#github-actions" class="md-nav__link">
+    Github Actions:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#working-on-the-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+    Working on the Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-tools-to-cyverse" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding tools to CyVerse
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Adding tools to CyVerse">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-the-tool" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding the Tool:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-the-app" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating the App:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#submitting-jobs-on-an-hpc-system-running-the-slurm-manager" class="md-nav__link">
+    Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#open-science-grid-distributed-high-throughput-computing" class="md-nav__link">
+    Open Science Grid: Distributed High Throughput Computing
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Running Singularity">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installing-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-docker-images-with-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Docker Images with Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-the-singularity-recipie" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing the Singularity recipie
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#kubernetes-k8s" class="md-nav__link">
+    Kubernetes (K8s)
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Kubernetes (K8s)">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installing-k8s-on-a-unix-system" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing K8s (on a UNIX system)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#initiating-k8s-head" class="md-nav__link">
+    Initiating K8s head
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interacting-with-pods-basically-a-container" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interacting with Pods (basically a container)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cacao-alpha-stage" class="md-nav__link">
+    CACAO (alpha stage)
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="CACAO (alpha stage)">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#accessing-cacao-creating-an-ssh-key" class="md-nav__link">
+    Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#basics" class="md-nav__link">
+    Basics
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Basics">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#queries" class="md-nav__link">
+    Queries
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#dockerfiles-hands-on" class="md-nav__link">
+    Dockerfiles Hands-on
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pushing-to-dockerhub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pushing to DockerHub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#assigning-users" class="md-nav__link">
+    Assigning Users
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#rstudio-dockerfile" class="md-nav__link">
+    RStudio Dockerfile
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#docker-commands-cheat-sheets" class="md-nav__link">
+    Docker Commands Cheat Sheets:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#advanced" class="md-nav__link">
+    Advanced
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Advanced">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#github-actions" class="md-nav__link">
+    Github Actions:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#working-on-the-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
+    Working on the Cloud
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-tools-to-cyverse" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding tools to CyVerse
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Adding tools to CyVerse">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#adding-the-tool" class="md-nav__link">
+    Adding the Tool:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-the-app" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating the App:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#submitting-jobs-on-an-hpc-system-running-the-slurm-manager" class="md-nav__link">
+    Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#open-science-grid-distributed-high-throughput-computing" class="md-nav__link">
+    Open Science Grid: Distributed High Throughput Computing
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Running Singularity">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installing-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-docker-images-with-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running Docker Images with Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-the-singularity-recipie" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing the Singularity recipie
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#kubernetes-k8s" class="md-nav__link">
+    Kubernetes (K8s)
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Kubernetes (K8s)">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#installing-k8s-on-a-unix-system" class="md-nav__link">
+    Installing K8s (on a UNIX system)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#initiating-k8s-head" class="md-nav__link">
+    Initiating K8s head
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interacting-with-pods-basically-a-container" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interacting with Pods (basically a container)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#cacao-alpha-stage" class="md-nav__link">
+    CACAO (alpha stage)
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="CACAO (alpha stage)">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#accessing-cacao-creating-an-ssh-key" class="md-nav__link">
+    Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key)
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/resources/post.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="general-notes-and-discussions">General Notes and Discussions<a class="headerlink" href="#general-notes-and-discussions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p>This section summarizes general notes, discussions and questions raised during both the Basics and Advanced section of Container Camp.</p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Before you Continue<p>This page is for archival and informative use only, reproduction (such as access to JetStream2 allocations, CodeSpaces) is limited.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="basics">Basics<a class="headerlink" href="#basics" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="queries">Queries<a class="headerlink" href="#queries" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><em>Q: What is an image?</em></p>
+<p>A: A file that lives in the cache on your computer... where 'cache' can be thought of like a desk. It's faster to retrieve a file from your desk than from the filing cabinet</p>
+<p><em>Q: What is a container?</em></p>
+<p>A: It's a virtualized run-time environment which starts from the image. A docker image is what you build. It has all of the software necessary to run the code. The Container is when you "activate" the image, an extra layer where you can work on top of the software you put in the image.</p>
+<p><img alt="container_v_image" src="https://phoenixnap.com/kb/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/container-layers.png" /></p>
+<p>The built image will contain its own OS - it will make no difference where you build your container.
+When you build an image, you can specify the architecture of the machine you want it to run on.</p>
+<p>Manage resources for your container by using commands to stop, pause, restart, remove a container.</p>
+<p><em>Q: How do I work with data and containers?</em></p>
+<p>A: Containers do not contain large amounts of data, as these will take space in the writable layer of the container (see above image). Instead, it is suggested to use <strong>Volumes</strong> as a best practice. A Volume is a directory that lives outside of the container that can be <em>attached</em> to said container. Once attached, the contents of the directory will be viewable and accessible to the container. In order to attach the volume, one must specify the directory on the computer AND the destination folder, separated by a colon (:). The format is as follows <code>-v &lt;directory on computer&gt;:&lt;directory in container&gt;</code>.</p>
+<p><em>Q: Ports. What are ports and why do we need them?</em></p>
+<p>A: Ports are where network connections start and end. These are not physical, and these allow software to connect to a network. Our computers run hundreds of processes, and chance is a lot of these processes require a connection to the network. In order for these processes to access the network, ports are required. A single process is assigned a single port - and this is how these software can connect to the internet. The reason why we need to open a port for Docker, is because the Docker container is trying to communicate with the network, however it requires us, the user, to assign a port for it. Without us assigning the port to the Docker container, the connection to the network cannot happen. More information on ports can be found at:
+- <a href="https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/network-layer/what-is-a-computer-port/">CloudFlare: Understanding Ports</a>
+- <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xhtml">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Port List</a>
+- <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers">List of TCP and UDP port numbers</a></p>
+<p><em>Q: What is Docker's relationship with things like networking, ethernet, USB, HDMI? Are these things naturally closed or naturally open? Are there interfaces that you cannot access from docker?</em></p>
+<p>A: Docker is able to do Networking as it has its own networking subsystem (and commands). As this is an advanced topic, let me direct you to the official networking documentation here: <a href="https://docs.docker.com/network/">https://docs.docker.com/network/</a></p>
+<p><em>Q: Is there a way to emulate a display in Docker so that certain rendering code (like the plotting libraries in python) don't break when run in a container?</em></p>
+<p>A: [unsure if this is what you were looking for] Docker is able to run GUI applications; A display can be specified using the <code>-e</code> (environment) flag such as <code>-e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY</code>. <code>$DISPLAY</code> can usually be specified to <code>$0</code>, targeting the primary display.<a href="https://leimao.github.io/blog/Docker-Container-GUI-Display/"> This little blog post</a> may be able to help you further.</p>
+<p><em>Q: What should we know about accessing GPUs from docker? Won't the hardware you're running on affect the runnability of a container, despite the containerization of the image?</em></p>
+<p>A: NVIDIA Docker now uses a special flag for Docker (rather than needing its own installation) <a href="https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker">https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker</a>.</p>
+<p><img alt="nvidia" src="https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/3028125/12213714/5b208976-b632-11e5-8406-38d379ec46aa.png" /></p>
+<p><em>Q: Is malware ever a problem with Dockerfiles? Can you run a malicious image?</em></p>
+<p>A: It seems that <a href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/docker-malware-is-now-common-so-devs-need-to-take-docker-security-seriously/">Docker (and Kubernetes) related malware</a> are now a thing. From personal experience, I have never run into issues.</p>
+<p><em>Q: If containers are software, why should I bother using a container instead of the software itself?</em></p>
+<p>A: Containers offer 3 great solutions to common problems: (1) reproducibility (2) version control. Docker images contain all of the required software in the form of layers, including specific versions of libraries. This allows to easily share your image and software without worring about collaborators having to install the correct software and version. (3) portability, so you can run it anywhere.</p>
+<h3 id="dockerfiles-hands-on">Dockerfiles Hands-on<a class="headerlink" href="#dockerfiles-hands-on" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Go to an example directory in the <code>intro2docker</code> <a href="https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker/">repository</a> with a <code>Dockerfile</code> </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>cd alpine
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Build the container using the <code>build</code> command. Make sure to include the <code>.</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>docker build -t test/alpine .
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition note">
+<p class="admonition-title">Note<p>The container should get the default <code>latest</code> tag if it is not specified in the <code>docker build</code> command with the name <code>test/alpine</code></p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>Start the container using the <code>run</code> command.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>docker run --rm test/alpine:latest
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To run the container and override its CMD, it will use its own shell <code>sh</code>:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>docker run -it --rm test/alpine:latest sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Dockerfiles are like your recipie book, and like every recipie book you have instructions. The instructions aren't for the user, but for Docker itself. These instruction are the capitalized commands you see at the beginning of lines, and these tell Docker what to do: </p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Instruction</th>
+<th>Command</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>FROM</td>
+<td>Instructs to use a specific Docker image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>LABEL</td>
+<td>Adds metadata to the image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>RUN</td>
+<td>Executes a specific command</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>ENV</td>
+<td>Sets environmental variables</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>COPY</td>
+<td>Copies a file from a specified location to the image</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>CMD</td>
+<td>Sets a command to be executed when running a container</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>ENTRYPOINT</td>
+<td>Configures and run a container as an executable</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>USER</td>
+<td>Used to set User specific information</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>EXPOSE</td>
+<td>exposes a specific port</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<p>*the above list is nonexhaustive, visit the <a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/">official Docker documentation</a> for more information and further instructions.</p>
+<h3 id="pushing-to-dockerhub">Pushing to DockerHub<a class="headerlink" href="#pushing-to-dockerhub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Build your docker image with </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>docker build -t &lt;Dockerhub username&gt;/&lt;Docker image&gt;:&lt;version&gt; .
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>then, log in to Docker with </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>docker login -u &lt;username&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>This will then ask for your Password; type in your password (<em>it will NOT show you the password</em>).</p>
+<p>If it does not login automatically, please follow the instructions <a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/">here</a>.</p>
+<p>Once you have logged in, push your docker to the DockerHub registry with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>docker push &lt;Dockerhub username&gt;/&lt;Docker image&gt;:&lt;version&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Your newly built Docker image now lives on DockerHub. You can view it at <code>https://hub.docker.com/r/&lt;username&gt;/&lt;Docker image&gt;</code></p>
+<h3 id="assigning-users">Assigning Users<a class="headerlink" href="#assigning-users" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Create a new folder called <code>ubuntu</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>mkdir ubuntu
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Change into the folder</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>cd ubuntu
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Create a <code>Dockerfile</code></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>ARG VERSION=18.04
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a>RUN apt-get update -y &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y gnupg wget python3 python3-distro &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>    wget -qO - https://packages.irods.org/irods-signing-key.asc | apt-key add - &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a>    echo &quot;deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.irods.org/apt/ $(lsb_release -sc) main&quot; &gt;&gt; /etc/apt/sources.list.d/renci-irods.list &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>    apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install irods-icommands -y
+<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a>COPY irods_environment.json /home/ubuntu/.irods/
+<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a>RUN useradd ubuntu &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a>    chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu
+<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a>USER ubuntu
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Create a file called
+<code>irods_environment.json</code>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>{
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>    &quot;irods_host&quot;: &quot;data.cyverse.org&quot;, 
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a>    &quot;irods_port&quot;: 1247, 
+<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>    &quot;irods_zone_name&quot;: &quot;iplant&quot;
+<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a>}
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<p>Build the container using your dockerhub username</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>docker build -t &lt;yourusername&gt;/ubuntu-irods:18.04 .
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Run with 
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>docker run -it --rm &lt;yourusername&gt;/ubuntu-irods:18.04
+</code></pre></div>
+<em>Q: What did we do?</em></p>
+<p>A: We created an image whose the user is specified.</p>
+<p><em>Q: Why?</em> </p>
+<p>A: When creating interactive containers, these containers are not built with root privileges. Assigning a specific user helps with defining the priviledges you want users to have.</p>
+<p><em>Q: Wait, what?</em></p>
+<p>A: When pulling a base image with the <code>FROM</code> instruction, sometimes the user is already defined. The only user with priviledges will be that already defined user. Therefore, in order to have the "right" priviledges, you have to <em>assign the right user</em> in your <code>Dockerfile</code>.</p>
+<h3 id="rstudio-dockerfile">RStudio Dockerfile<a class="headerlink" href="#rstudio-dockerfile" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The above steps where necessary in order to understand <em>why</em> in this following step we need to define a user.</p>
+<p>Navigate to <code>rstudio/verse</code> with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>cd rstudio/verse
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>and create a Dockerfile:</p>
+<p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>FROM rocker/verse:4.2.0
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a># Install your own stuff below
+<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a>RUN install2.r --error \    
+<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>    # Added Packages
+<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>    PerformanceAnalytics \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a>    boot \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a>    devtools \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a>    dlm \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>    dplyr \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a>    foreign \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a>    lubridate \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a>    plotly \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a>    truncreg \
+<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a>    ggridges 
+</code></pre></div>
+Build the Docker image with: 
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a>docker build -t &lt;yourusername&gt;/rstudio:tag .
+</code></pre></div>
+Execute with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a>docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true &lt;username&gt;/rstudio:&lt;version&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="docker-commands-cheat-sheets">Docker Commands Cheat Sheets:<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-commands-cheat-sheets" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://cyverse-learning-materials.github.io/container-camp/docker/intro/#docker-commands">https://cyverse-learning-materials.github.io/container-camp/docker/intro/#docker-commands</a></li>
+<li><a href="https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/">https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/</a></li>
+<li><a href="https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet">https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet</a></li>
+</ul>
+<hr />
+<h2 id="advanced">Advanced<a class="headerlink" href="#advanced" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="github-actions">Github Actions:<a class="headerlink" href="#github-actions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>GitHub not only can host your code, but it can be used to create Docker images right within the GitHub repo using GitHub Actions.</li>
+<li>You first require to connect your DockerHub and your GitHub accounts:<ol>
+<li>Navigate to Settings (in your repository)</li>
+<li>Select Secrets &gt; Actions.</li>
+<li>Add a <em>New Repository Secret</em> and name it "DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME"; Paste here your Docker Account name.</li>
+<li>Add a <em>New Repository Secret</em> and name it "DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN", and <strong>DO NOT CLOSE IT</strong></li>
+<li>Navigate to <a href="https://hub.docker.com/">DockerHub</a> and click <em>Account Settings</em> &gt; <em>Security</em> &gt; <em>New Access Token</em></li>
+<li>Add a name you can recognize and <strong>COPY</strong> the password and add it to "DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN" (step 4). Now save and close.</li>
+</ol>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p><strong>Your GitHub and DockerHub are connected!</strong></p>
+<ul>
+<li>To create a new GitHub Action, navigate to the Action button on the top of your repository (create a repository first!), and click on <em>New Workflow</em>; select <em>Docker Image</em>.</li>
+<li>Delete the template pase the following:</li>
+</ul>
+<p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a>name: &lt;NAME OF ACTION&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>on:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>  push:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>    branches: [ main ]
+<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>  pull_request:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>    branches: [ main ]
+<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>jobs:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>  build:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>    steps:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a>        name: Checkout 
+<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a>        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a>        name: Login to Docker Hub
+<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a>        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>        with:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a>          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a>          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a>      -
+<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a>        name: Build and push
+<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a>        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a>        with:
+<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a>          context: .
+<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a>          file: ./Dockerfile
+<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a>          push: true
+<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a>          tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/&lt;NAME OF IMAGE ON DOCKERHUB&gt;:&lt;VERSION&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+- For the above code, modify all content in </content>" as you deem necessary.</p>
+<p>Remember to add a <code>Dockerfile</code> to your main repository!</p>
+<h3 id="working-on-the-cloud">Working on the Cloud<a class="headerlink" href="#working-on-the-cloud" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>We discussed working with <a href="https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/overview/keydiff/">JetStream2</a>.
+- Access <a href="https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/exosphere/">JetStream2 exoshpere</a>
+- Access <a href="https://js2.cyverse.org/">JetStream2 CyVerse</a> (CACAO)</p>
+<p>Summary of running JS2 GPU Virtual Machines (VM):</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Navigate to : <a href="https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/">https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/</a></li>
+<li>Click Create &gt; Instance</li>
+<li>Select Ubuntu 20.04</li>
+<li>Select a <code>g3.small</code> Instance and select (enable web desktop), click create.</li>
+</ol>
+<p><strong>Wait for VM to spin up, test for functionality by:</strong>
+1. click on web shell
+2. From web shell, run <code>nvidia-smi</code> (if it returns a table, you are good to go)</p>
+<p><strong>Running <a href="https://github.com/cyverse-vice/xpra">xpra</a> on JS2:</strong></p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a>$ export DISPLAY=:0
+<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a>$ xinit &amp;
+<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a>$ docker run --gpus all --rm -it -p 9876:9876 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -e DISPLAY -e XAUTHORITY -e QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1 -e NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=all harbor.cyverse.org/vice/xpra/cudagl:20.04
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><strong>Running <a href="https://github.com/cyverse-vice/jupyterlab-pytorch">jupyter-pytorch</a> on JS2:</strong>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a>$ docker run --gpus all -p 8888:8888 -e REDIRECT_URL=http://localhost:8888 harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch:latest
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<h3 id="adding-tools-to-cyverse">Adding tools to CyVerse<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-tools-to-cyverse" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Running an app in CyVerse is a 2 step process:
+1. Adding a Tool
+2. Using the Tool for the App</p>
+<h4 id="adding-the-tool">Adding the Tool:<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-the-tool" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<ol>
+<li>Navigate to Apps &gt; Tools &gt; More Actions &gt; Add Tools</li>
+<li>Add Name, Version (for CyVerse, first block)</li>
+<li>Either paste your docker image DockerHub URL or the <code>&lt;repo&gt;/&lt;image&gt;</code>; add the <code>&lt;tag&gt;</code> in the Tag field.</li>
+<li>Specifically for RStudio, add Port 80 (due to reverse port).</li>
+</ol>
+<h4 id="creating-the-app">Creating the App:<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-the-app" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<ol>
+<li>Navigate to Apps, and select <em>Create</em> then <em>Create New App</em></li>
+<li>Add a unique App Name and Description.</li>
+<li>Click on Select Tool and select the tool you just created, and select <em>interactive</em>.</li>
+<li>Click Next (and next, and next...), then click Save and Launch.</li>
+</ol>
+<p>Your app should be avaiable to access in a few minutes.</p>
+<h3 id="singularity">Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><strong>A solution to run containers on a cluster/HPC.</strong></p>
+<p>Q: Why can't I run docker on the HPC?</p>
+<p>A: Docker requires root proviledges (<code>sudo</code>), and these cannot be executed on the HPC. The HPC is a shared space, imagine everyone having root priviledges! All the possible unforseen changes to the system made by everyone will lead to a system error.</p>
+<p>Using the UArizona HPC as an example:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>with terminal, <code>ssh</code> into the HPC with <code>ssh &lt;/user&gt;@hpc.arizona.edu</code>, enter your password (and DUO auth).</li>
+<li>Choose your cluser node (Puma is suggested, accessed with <code>puma</code>), type <code>interactive</code> and wait for your interactive session to spin up.</li>
+</ol>
+<p>Follow lesson examples at <a href="https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/01.singularity_basics.html">TACC singularity basics</a>.</p>
+<h4 id="submitting-jobs-on-an-hpc-system-running-the-slurm-manager">Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager<a class="headerlink" href="#submitting-jobs-on-an-hpc-system-running-the-slurm-manager" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>SLURM is a job scheduler/manager, and in order to run jobs on a cluster, you need to write a shell script (<code>.sh</code>) with a list of instructions.</p>
+<p><em>Q: Why can't I just run things on my node?</em></p>
+<p>A: As HPCs are shared machines, there are numbers of submitted concurrent jobs. Ultimately, the best way to run all of these jobs, is to schedule when to run all jobs submitted by users.</p>
+<p>Said script requires a list of SLURM instructions ("batch commands") prior to the actual job commands. Following is an example of said script:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a>#!/bin/bash
+<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a>#SBATCH -J myjob                         # Job name
+<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a>#SBATCH -o output.%j                     # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId)
+<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a>#SBATCH -p development                   # Queue name
+<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a>#SBATCH -N 1                             # Total number of nodes requested (56 cores/node)
+<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a>#SBATCH -n 1                             # Total number of mpi tasks requested
+<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a>#SBATCH -t 02:00:00                      # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours
+<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a>#SBATCH --reservation ContainerTraining  # a reservation only active during the training
+<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>For more examples see the <a href="https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/02.singularity_batch.html">TACC documentation on batch commands</a>.</p>
+<h3 id="open-science-grid-distributed-high-throughput-computing"><a href="https://opensciencegrid.org/">Open Science Grid</a>: Distributed High Throughput Computing<a class="headerlink" href="#open-science-grid-distributed-high-throughput-computing" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><strong>OSG</strong>: consortium of rsearchers and institutions who <em>share</em> compute and data resources for distributed HTC in support for open science.</p>
+<p>(OSG requires you to sign up through a meeting*)</p>
+<p>Using Docker images/containres offers consistent, complete and reproducible environment across the OSG: "running containers on the OSG is like bringing your own utensils to someone else's kitchen".</p>
+<p>OSG keeps dockers in extracted format in the <a href="https://cernvm.cern.ch/fs/">cvmfs</a> (<a href="https://cvmfs.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">official cvmfs documentation</a>), making it "snappier" to load and run the image. IT stores each of the layers in an uncompressed format, thus you users only spin up the necessary layers. </p>
+<h3 id="running-singularity">Running Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#running-singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<h4 id="installing-singularity">Installing Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Installing Singularity requires Go: see instructions in the <a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#install-go">Singularity documentation</a>.</p>
+<p>In summary:
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a>$ wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a>$ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzvf go$VERSION.1.18.2-amd64.tar.gz
+<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a>$ echo &#39;export PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH&#39; &gt;&gt; ~/.bashrc &amp;&amp; source ~/.bashrc
+</code></pre></div>
+After installing Go, you can install Singularity:
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a>$ export VERSION=3.9.5 &amp;&amp; # adjust this as necessary \
+<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a>    wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a>    tar -xzf singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a>    cd singularity-ce-${VERSION}
+<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a>$ ./mconfig &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a>    make -C builddir &amp;&amp; \
+<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a>    sudo make -C builddir install
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<h3 id="running-docker-images-with-singularity">Running Docker Images with Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#running-docker-images-with-singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Singularity is able to create a <code>.sif</code> (singularity Image) from a Docker Image.</p>
+<p>To pull Docker Images with Singularity do
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a>$ singularity pull --name &lt;name&gt;.sif docker://&lt;docker_user&gt;/&lt;container&gt;:&lt;version&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+To run a Docker Image with Singularity do
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a>$ singularity run docker://&lt;docker_user&gt;/&lt;container&gt;:&lt;version&gt;
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<p>Singularity also comes with an <code>exec</code> function, which executes a command within the container
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a>singularity exec --bind /data:/mnt &lt;my_container&gt;.sif ls /mnt
+</code></pre></div>
+In the above example, we see the <code>--bind</code> flag, which mounts a volume (the <code>/data</code> folder) to the container. The command also lists (<code>ls</code>) the content of the <code>data</code> folder.</p>
+<p><strong>Reminder</strong>: it is important that you don't forget the version!!</p>
+<h3 id="writing-the-singularity-recipie">Writing the Singularity recipie<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-the-singularity-recipie" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>An example of a recipie is here below:
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a>Bootstrap: docker
+<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a>From: ubuntu:16.04
+<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a>%help
+<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a>    This is the container help section.
+<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a>%post
+<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a>    apt-get -y update
+<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a>    apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a>%environment
+<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a>    export LC_ALL=C
+<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a>    export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a>%runscript
+<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a>    fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+</code></pre></div>
+Singularity, like Docker, has a list of instructions. Here is the equivalent of Docker instructions:</p>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Dockerfile</th>
+<th>FROM</th>
+<th>ARG</th>
+<th>COPY</th>
+<th>RUN</th>
+<th>ENV</th>
+<th>LABEL</th>
+<th>CMD</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>Singularity</td>
+<td><code>Bootstrap:</code></td>
+<td><code>%post</code></td>
+<td><code>%files</code></td>
+<td><code>%post</code></td>
+<td><code>%environment</code></td>
+<td><code>%label</code></td>
+<td><code>%runscript</code></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<p>To build the image, do
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a>$ sudo singularity build &lt;name_of_container&gt;.sif &lt;singularity recipie&gt;
+</code></pre></div></p>
+<p>Notice how the above command uses <code>sudo</code>!</p>
+<p>Singularity has its own Hub (like <a href="https://hub.docker.com/">DockerHub</a>): <a href="https://cloud.sylabs.io/">https://cloud.sylabs.io/</a></p>
+<p>The SyLabs singularity allows to build singularity Images directly in the GUI online.</p>
+<h3 id="kubernetes-k8s">Kubernetes (K8s)<a class="headerlink" href="#kubernetes-k8s" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><em>Q: What is Kubernentes?</em></p>
+<p>A: Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.</p>
+<p>Here is an image of how a K8s cluseter looks like:</p>
+<p><img alt="k8s" src="https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/2475489eaf20163ec0f54ddc1d92aa8d4c87c96b/e7c81/images/docs/components-of-kubernetes.svg" /></p>
+<p>Image: A control plane (could be made of a single machine) manages and distributes jobs to worker nodes.</p>
+<h4 id="installing-k8s-on-a-unix-system">Installing K8s (on a UNIX system)<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-k8s-on-a-unix-system" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Installation of K8s has a number of documentations, here are the basic instructions.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a>$ curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
+<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a>$ chmod +x kubectl
+<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a>$ sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="initiating-k8s-head">Initiating K8s head<a class="headerlink" href="#initiating-k8s-head" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>K8s uses <code>kubectl</code> to control various pods.</p>
+<p>Prior to running <code>kubectl</code>, during the installation, a folder named <code>kube</code> was created in your <code>~/.</code> folder. There is an unpopulated <code>config</code> file in <code>~/.kube/</code> - for today's example, populate the <code>config</code> with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a>clusters:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>- cluster:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a>    certificate-authority-data: &lt;authority data&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a>    server: &lt;IP:port&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a>  name: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a>contexts:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a>- context:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a>    cluster: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>    user: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a>  name: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a>current-context: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>kind: Config
+<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a>preferences: {}
+<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a>users:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a>- name: default
+<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a>  user:
+<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a>    client-certificate-data: &lt;certificate data&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a>    client-key-data: &lt;key data&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning<p>The above code has been modified <code>&lt;data&gt;</code> to protect information. The K8s head isn't online at the moment, and certificates change between config files.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h4 id="interacting-with-pods-basically-a-container">Interacting with Pods (<em>basically a container</em>)<a class="headerlink" href="#interacting-with-pods-basically-a-container" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>To launch a pod you require a pod config file. An example is</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a>apiVersion: v1
+<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a>kind: Pod
+<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a>metadata:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a>  name: pod-&lt;change-this-to-your-username&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a>spec:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a>  containers:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a>  - name: mypod
+<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a>    image: alpine:3.14
+<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a>    resources:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a>      limits:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a>        memory: 100Mi
+<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a>        cpu: 100m
+<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a>      requests:
+<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a>        memory: 100Mi
+<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a>        cpu: 100m
+<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a>    command: [&quot;sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;, &quot;sleep infinity&quot;]
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To create your pod, do</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a>kubetcl create -f pod1.yml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To initiate your pod, do</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a>kubectl exec -it pod-&lt;change-this-to-your-username&gt; /bin/sh
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The above command will enter the shell of the pod.</p>
+<p>You can see what pods are running with</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a>kubectl get pods
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>To remove a pod, do</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a>kubectl delete -f pod1.yml
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>These are the absolute basics of Kubernentes. To read more, refer to the <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/">Kubernetes official documentation</a> <em>(and other massive number of online resources, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ">Google</a> is your friend!)</em>.</p>
+<h3 id="cacao-alpha-stage">CACAO (alpha stage)<a class="headerlink" href="#cacao-alpha-stage" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>CACAO is "An event-driven multi-cloud service that enables resarchers and educators to effortlessly manage, scale and share their tools and workflows to any research-capable cloud using declarative templates" - Edwin Skidmore</p>
+<h4 id="accessing-cacao-creating-an-ssh-key">Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key)<a class="headerlink" href="#accessing-cacao-creating-an-ssh-key" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>CACAO can be access at <a href="https://js2.cyverse.org/">https://js2.cyverse.org/</a>. You can access the CACAO deployments with an SSH key (or web browser). In order to create an ssh key, do</p>
+<p><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a>$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 8192 -f joking
+</code></pre></div>
+Creates a file public key (your keys are usually in <code>~/.ssh/</code>).</p>
+<p>To create a Kubernetes cluster, select "+ Deployment" and ensure that you're choosing <strong>Ubuntu 20</strong> as your OS.</p>
+<p>To launch a multi VM running JupyterHub, choose "+ Deployment" and "launch a multi-vm zero-to-jupyterhub".</p>
+<p>Note: CACAO is still in <strong>Alpha phase</strong>. Read more on CACAO <a href="https://gitlab.com/cyverse/cacao">here</a>. </p>
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+# General Notes and Discussions
+
+This section summarizes general notes, discussions and questions raised during both the Basics and Advanced section of Container Camp.
+
+!!! Warning "Before you Continue"
+        This page is for archival and informative use only, reproduction (such as access to JetStream2 allocations, CodeSpaces) is limited.
+
+## Basics
+
+### Queries
+
+*Q: What is an image?*
+
+A: A file that lives in the cache on your computer... where 'cache' can be thought of like a desk. It's faster to retrieve a file from your desk than from the filing cabinet
+
+*Q: What is a container?*
+
+A: It's a virtualized run-time environment which starts from the image. A docker image is what you build. It has all of the software necessary to run the code. The Container is when you "activate" the image, an extra layer where you can work on top of the software you put in the image.
+
+![container_v_image](https://phoenixnap.com/kb/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/container-layers.png)
+
+The built image will contain its own OS - it will make no difference where you build your container.
+When you build an image, you can specify the architecture of the machine you want it to run on.
+
+Manage resources for your container by using commands to stop, pause, restart, remove a container.
+
+*Q: How do I work with data and containers?*
+
+A: Containers do not contain large amounts of data, as these will take space in the writable layer of the container (see above image). Instead, it is suggested to use **Volumes** as a best practice. A Volume is a directory that lives outside of the container that can be *attached* to said container. Once attached, the contents of the directory will be viewable and accessible to the container. In order to attach the volume, one must specify the directory on the computer AND the destination folder, separated by a colon (:). The format is as follows `-v <directory on computer>:<directory in container>`.
+
+*Q: Ports. What are ports and why do we need them?*
+
+A: Ports are where network connections start and end. These are not physical, and these allow software to connect to a network. Our computers run hundreds of processes, and chance is a lot of these processes require a connection to the network. In order for these processes to access the network, ports are required. A single process is assigned a single port - and this is how these software can connect to the internet. The reason why we need to open a port for Docker, is because the Docker container is trying to communicate with the network, however it requires us, the user, to assign a port for it. Without us assigning the port to the Docker container, the connection to the network cannot happen. More information on ports can be found at:
+- [CloudFlare: Understanding Ports](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/network-layer/what-is-a-computer-port/)
+- [Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Port List](http://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xhtml)
+- [List of TCP and UDP port numbers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers)
+
+*Q: What is Docker's relationship with things like networking, ethernet, USB, HDMI? Are these things naturally closed or naturally open? Are there interfaces that you cannot access from docker?*
+
+A: Docker is able to do Networking as it has its own networking subsystem (and commands). As this is an advanced topic, let me direct you to the official networking documentation here: https://docs.docker.com/network/
+
+*Q: Is there a way to emulate a display in Docker so that certain rendering code (like the plotting libraries in python) don't break when run in a container?*
+
+A: [unsure if this is what you were looking for] Docker is able to run GUI applications; A display can be specified using the `-e` (environment) flag such as `-e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY`. `$DISPLAY` can usually be specified to `$0`, targeting the primary display.[ This little blog post](https://leimao.github.io/blog/Docker-Container-GUI-Display/) may be able to help you further.
+
+*Q: What should we know about accessing GPUs from docker? Won't the hardware you're running on affect the runnability of a container, despite the containerization of the image?*
+
+A: NVIDIA Docker now uses a special flag for Docker (rather than needing its own installation) https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker.
+
+![nvidia](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/3028125/12213714/5b208976-b632-11e5-8406-38d379ec46aa.png)
+
+*Q: Is malware ever a problem with Dockerfiles? Can you run a malicious image?*
+
+A: It seems that [Docker (and Kubernetes) related malware](https://www.zdnet.com/article/docker-malware-is-now-common-so-devs-need-to-take-docker-security-seriously/) are now a thing. From personal experience, I have never run into issues.
+
+*Q: If containers are software, why should I bother using a container instead of the software itself?*
+
+A: Containers offer 3 great solutions to common problems: (1) reproducibility (2) version control. Docker images contain all of the required software in the form of layers, including specific versions of libraries. This allows to easily share your image and software without worring about collaborators having to install the correct software and version. (3) portability, so you can run it anywhere.
+
+### Dockerfiles Hands-on
+
+Go to an example directory in the `intro2docker` [repository](https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker/) with a `Dockerfile` 
+
+```
+cd alpine
+```
+
+Build the container using the `build` command. Make sure to include the `.`
+
+```
+docker build -t test/alpine .
+```
+
+!!! Note
+        The container should get the default `latest` tag if it is not specified in the `docker build` command with the name `test/alpine`
+
+Start the container using the `run` command.
+
+```
+docker run --rm test/alpine:latest
+```
+
+To run the container and override its CMD, it will use its own shell `sh`:
+
+```
+docker run -it --rm test/alpine:latest sh
+```
+
+Dockerfiles are like your recipie book, and like every recipie book you have instructions. The instructions aren't for the user, but for Docker itself. These instruction are the capitalized commands you see at the beginning of lines, and these tell Docker what to do: 
+
+| Instruction | Command |
+|---|---|
+| FROM | Instructs to use a specific Docker image|
+| LABEL | Adds metadata to the image|
+| RUN	| Executes a specific command|
+| ENV	| Sets environmental variables|
+| COPY | Copies a file from a specified location to the image|
+| CMD | Sets a command to be executed when running a container|
+| ENTRYPOINT |	Configures and run a container as an executable|
+| USER | Used to set User specific information|
+| EXPOSE	| exposes a specific port |
+
+*the above list is nonexhaustive, visit the [official Docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/) for more information and further instructions.
+
+### Pushing to DockerHub
+
+Build your docker image with 
+
+```
+docker build -t <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version> .
+```
+
+then, log in to Docker with 
+
+```
+docker login -u <username>
+```
+
+This will then ask for your Password; type in your password (*it will NOT show you the password*).
+
+If it does not login automatically, please follow the instructions [here](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/).
+
+Once you have logged in, push your docker to the DockerHub registry with
+
+```
+docker push <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version>
+```
+
+Your newly built Docker image now lives on DockerHub. You can view it at `https://hub.docker.com/r/<username>/<Docker image>`
+
+### Assigning Users
+
+Create a new folder called `ubuntu`
+
+```
+mkdir ubuntu
+```
+
+Change into the folder
+
+```
+cd ubuntu
+```
+
+Create a `Dockerfile`
+
+```
+ARG VERSION=18.04
+
+FROM ubuntu:$VERSION
+
+RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y gnupg wget python3 python3-distro && \
+    wget -qO - https://packages.irods.org/irods-signing-key.asc | apt-key add - && \
+    echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.irods.org/apt/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/renci-irods.list && \
+    apt-get update && apt-get install irods-icommands -y
+
+COPY irods_environment.json /home/ubuntu/.irods/
+
+RUN useradd ubuntu && \
+    chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu
+
+USER ubuntu
+```
+
+Create a file called
+`irods_environment.json`
+```
+{
+    "irods_host": "data.cyverse.org", 
+    "irods_port": 1247, 
+    "irods_zone_name": "iplant"
+}
+```
+
+Build the container using your dockerhub username
+
+```
+docker build -t <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04 .
+```
+
+Run with 
+```
+docker run -it --rm <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04
+```
+*Q: What did we do?*
+
+A: We created an image whose the user is specified.
+
+*Q: Why?* 
+
+A: When creating interactive containers, these containers are not built with root privileges. Assigning a specific user helps with defining the priviledges you want users to have.
+
+*Q: Wait, what?*
+
+A: When pulling a base image with the `FROM` instruction, sometimes the user is already defined. The only user with priviledges will be that already defined user. Therefore, in order to have the "right" priviledges, you have to *assign the right user* in your `Dockerfile`.
+
+### RStudio Dockerfile
+
+The above steps where necessary in order to understand *why* in this following step we need to define a user.
+
+Navigate to `rstudio/verse` with
+
+```
+cd rstudio/verse
+```
+
+and create a Dockerfile:
+
+```
+FROM rocker/verse:4.2.0
+
+# Install your own stuff below
+RUN install2.r --error \    
+    # Added Packages
+    PerformanceAnalytics \
+    boot \
+    devtools \
+    dlm \
+    dplyr \
+    foreign \
+    lubridate \
+    plotly \
+    truncreg \
+    ggridges 
+
+```
+Build the Docker image with: 
+```
+docker build -t <yourusername>/rstudio:tag .
+```
+Execute with
+
+```
+docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true <username>/rstudio:<version>
+```
+
+### Docker Commands Cheat Sheets: 
+- https://cyverse-learning-materials.github.io/container-camp/docker/intro/#docker-commands
+- https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/
+- https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet
+
+---
+
+## Advanced
+
+### Github Actions:
+
+- GitHub not only can host your code, but it can be used to create Docker images right within the GitHub repo using GitHub Actions.
+- You first require to connect your DockerHub and your GitHub accounts:
+    1. Navigate to Settings (in your repository)
+    2. Select Secrets > Actions.
+    3. Add a *New Repository Secret* and name it "DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME"; Paste here your Docker Account name.
+    4. Add a *New Repository Secret* and name it "DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN", and **DO NOT CLOSE IT**
+    5. Navigate to [DockerHub](https://hub.docker.com/) and click *Account Settings* > *Security* > *New Access Token*
+    6. Add a name you can recognize and **COPY** the password and add it to "DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN" (step 4). Now save and close.
+
+**Your GitHub and DockerHub are connected!**
+
+- To create a new GitHub Action, navigate to the Action button on the top of your repository (create a repository first!), and click on *New Workflow*; select *Docker Image*.
+- Delete the template pase the following:
+
+```
+name: <NAME OF ACTION>
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main ]
+
+jobs:
+
+  build:
+
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      -
+        name: Checkout 
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      -
+        name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      -
+        name: Build and push
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: ./Dockerfile
+          push: true
+          tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/<NAME OF IMAGE ON DOCKERHUB>:<VERSION>
+```
+- For the above code, modify all content in </content>" as you deem necessary.
+
+Remember to add a `Dockerfile` to your main repository!
+
+### Working on the Cloud
+
+We discussed working with [JetStream2](https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/overview/keydiff/).
+- Access [JetStream2 exoshpere](https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/exosphere/)
+- Access [JetStream2 CyVerse](https://js2.cyverse.org/) (CACAO)
+
+Summary of running JS2 GPU Virtual Machines (VM):
+
+1. Navigate to : https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/
+2. Click Create > Instance
+3. Select Ubuntu 20.04
+4. Select a `g3.small` Instance and select (enable web desktop), click create.
+
+**Wait for VM to spin up, test for functionality by:**
+1. click on web shell
+2. From web shell, run `nvidia-smi` (if it returns a table, you are good to go)
+
+**Running [xpra](https://github.com/cyverse-vice/xpra) on JS2:**
+
+```
+$ export DISPLAY=:0
+$ xinit &
+$ docker run --gpus all --rm -it -p 9876:9876 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -e DISPLAY -e XAUTHORITY -e QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1 -e NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=all harbor.cyverse.org/vice/xpra/cudagl:20.04
+```
+
+**Running [jupyter-pytorch](https://github.com/cyverse-vice/jupyterlab-pytorch) on JS2:**
+```
+$ docker run --gpus all -p 8888:8888 -e REDIRECT_URL=http://localhost:8888 harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch:latest
+```
+
+### Adding tools to CyVerse
+
+Running an app in CyVerse is a 2 step process:
+1. Adding a Tool
+2. Using the Tool for the App
+
+#### Adding the Tool:
+1. Navigate to Apps > Tools > More Actions > Add Tools
+2. Add Name, Version (for CyVerse, first block)
+3. Either paste your docker image DockerHub URL or the `<repo>/<image>`; add the `<tag>` in the Tag field.
+4. Specifically for RStudio, add Port 80 (due to reverse port).
+
+#### Creating the App:
+1. Navigate to Apps, and select *Create* then *Create New App*
+2. Add a unique App Name and Description.
+3. Click on Select Tool and select the tool you just created, and select *interactive*.
+4. Click Next (and next, and next...), then click Save and Launch.
+
+Your app should be avaiable to access in a few minutes.
+
+### Singularity
+
+**A solution to run containers on a cluster/HPC.**
+
+Q: Why can't I run docker on the HPC?
+
+A: Docker requires root proviledges (`sudo`), and these cannot be executed on the HPC. The HPC is a shared space, imagine everyone having root priviledges! All the possible unforseen changes to the system made by everyone will lead to a system error.
+
+Using the UArizona HPC as an example:
+
+1. with terminal, `ssh` into the HPC with `ssh </user>@hpc.arizona.edu`, enter your password (and DUO auth).
+2. Choose your cluser node (Puma is suggested, accessed with `puma`), type `interactive` and wait for your interactive session to spin up.
+
+Follow lesson examples at [TACC singularity basics](https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/01.singularity_basics.html).
+
+#### Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager
+
+SLURM is a job scheduler/manager, and in order to run jobs on a cluster, you need to write a shell script (`.sh`) with a list of instructions.
+
+*Q: Why can't I just run things on my node?*
+
+A: As HPCs are shared machines, there are numbers of submitted concurrent jobs. Ultimately, the best way to run all of these jobs, is to schedule when to run all jobs submitted by users.
+
+Said script requires a list of SLURM instructions ("batch commands") prior to the actual job commands. Following is an example of said script:
+
+```
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#SBATCH -J myjob                         # Job name
+#SBATCH -o output.%j                     # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId)
+#SBATCH -p development                   # Queue name
+#SBATCH -N 1                             # Total number of nodes requested (56 cores/node)
+#SBATCH -n 1                             # Total number of mpi tasks requested
+#SBATCH -t 02:00:00                      # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours
+#SBATCH --reservation ContainerTraining  # a reservation only active during the training
+
+singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+```
+
+For more examples see the [TACC documentation on batch commands](https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/02.singularity_batch.html).
+
+### [Open Science Grid](https://opensciencegrid.org/): Distributed High Throughput Computing
+
+**OSG**: consortium of rsearchers and institutions who *share* compute and data resources for distributed HTC in support for open science.
+
+(OSG requires you to sign up through a meeting*)
+
+Using Docker images/containres offers consistent, complete and reproducible environment across the OSG: "running containers on the OSG is like bringing your own utensils to someone else's kitchen".
+
+OSG keeps dockers in extracted format in the [cvmfs](https://cernvm.cern.ch/fs/) ([official cvmfs documentation](https://cvmfs.readthedocs.io/en/stable/)), making it "snappier" to load and run the image. IT stores each of the layers in an uncompressed format, thus you users only spin up the necessary layers. 
+
+### Running Singularity
+
+#### Installing Singularity
+
+Installing Singularity requires Go: see instructions in the [Singularity documentation](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#install-go).
+
+In summary:
+```
+$ wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
+$ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzvf go$VERSION.1.18.2-amd64.tar.gz
+$ echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc && source ~/.bashrc
+```
+After installing Go, you can install Singularity:
+```
+$ export VERSION=3.9.5 && # adjust this as necessary \
+    wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
+    tar -xzf singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
+    cd singularity-ce-${VERSION}
+$ ./mconfig && \
+    make -C builddir && \
+    sudo make -C builddir install
+```
+
+### Running Docker Images with Singularity
+
+Singularity is able to create a `.sif` (singularity Image) from a Docker Image.
+
+To pull Docker Images with Singularity do
+```
+$ singularity pull --name <name>.sif docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version>
+```
+To run a Docker Image with Singularity do
+```
+$ singularity run docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version>
+```
+
+Singularity also comes with an `exec` function, which executes a command within the container
+```
+singularity exec --bind /data:/mnt <my_container>.sif ls /mnt
+```
+In the above example, we see the `--bind` flag, which mounts a volume (the `/data` folder) to the container. The command also lists (`ls`) the content of the `data` folder.
+
+**Reminder**: it is important that you don't forget the version!!
+
+### Writing the Singularity recipie
+
+An example of a recipie is here below:
+```
+Bootstrap: docker
+From: ubuntu:16.04
+%help
+    This is the container help section.
+
+%post
+    apt-get -y update
+    apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+
+%environment
+    export LC_ALL=C
+    export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+
+%runscript
+    fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+```
+Singularity, like Docker, has a list of instructions. Here is the equivalent of Docker instructions:
+
+| Dockerfile | FROM | ARG | COPY | RUN | ENV | LABEL | CMD |
+|--------|------|-----|------|-----|-----|-------|-----|
+| Singularity | `Bootstrap:` | `%post` | `%files` | `%post` | `%environment` | `%label` | `%runscript` |
+
+To build the image, do
+```
+$ sudo singularity build <name_of_container>.sif <singularity recipie>
+```
+
+Notice how the above command uses `sudo`!
+
+Singularity has its own Hub (like [DockerHub](https://hub.docker.com/)): https://cloud.sylabs.io/
+
+The SyLabs singularity allows to build singularity Images directly in the GUI online.
+
+### Kubernetes (K8s)
+
+*Q: What is Kubernentes?*
+
+A: Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
+
+Here is an image of how a K8s cluseter looks like:
+
+![k8s](https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/2475489eaf20163ec0f54ddc1d92aa8d4c87c96b/e7c81/images/docs/components-of-kubernetes.svg)
+
+Image: A control plane (could be made of a single machine) manages and distributes jobs to worker nodes.
+
+#### Installing K8s (on a UNIX system)
+
+Installation of K8s has a number of documentations, here are the basic instructions.
+
+```
+$ curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl
+$ chmod +x kubectl
+$ sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
+```
+
+#### Initiating K8s head
+
+K8s uses `kubectl` to control various pods.
+
+Prior to running `kubectl`, during the installation, a folder named `kube` was created in your `~/.` folder. There is an unpopulated `config` file in `~/.kube/` - for today's example, populate the `config` with
+
+```
+apiVersion: v1
+clusters:
+- cluster:
+    certificate-authority-data: <authority data>
+    server: <IP:port>
+  name: default
+contexts:
+- context:
+    cluster: default
+    user: default
+  name: default
+current-context: default
+kind: Config
+preferences: {}
+users:
+- name: default
+  user:
+    client-certificate-data: <certificate data>
+    client-key-data: <key data>
+```
+
+!!! Warning
+        The above code has been modified `<data>` to protect information. The K8s head isn't online at the moment, and certificates change between config files.
+
+#### Interacting with Pods (*basically a container*)
+
+To launch a pod you require a pod config file. An example is
+
+```
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Pod
+metadata:
+  name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username>
+spec:
+  containers:
+  - name: mypod
+    image: alpine:3.14
+    resources:
+      limits:
+        memory: 100Mi
+        cpu: 100m
+      requests:
+        memory: 100Mi
+        cpu: 100m
+    command: ["sh", "-c", "sleep infinity"]
+```
+
+To create your pod, do
+
+```
+kubetcl create -f pod1.yml
+```
+
+To initiate your pod, do
+
+```
+kubectl exec -it pod-<change-this-to-your-username> /bin/sh
+```
+
+The above command will enter the shell of the pod.
+
+You can see what pods are running with
+
+```
+kubectl get pods
+```
+
+To remove a pod, do
+
+```
+kubectl delete -f pod1.yml
+```
+
+These are the absolute basics of Kubernentes. To read more, refer to the [Kubernetes official documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/) *(and other massive number of online resources, [Google](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ) is your friend!)*.
+
+### CACAO (alpha stage)
+
+CACAO is "An event-driven multi-cloud service that enables resarchers and educators to effortlessly manage, scale and share their tools and workflows to any research-capable cloud using declarative templates" - Edwin Skidmore
+
+#### Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key)
+
+CACAO can be access at https://js2.cyverse.org/. You can access the CACAO deployments with an SSH key (or web browser). In order to create an ssh key, do
+
+```
+$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 8192 -f joking
+```
+Creates a file public key (your keys are usually in `~/.ssh/`).
+
+To create a Kubernetes cluster, select "+ Deployment" and ensure that you're choosing **Ubuntu 20** as your OS.
+
+To launch a multi VM running JupyterHub, choose "+ Deployment" and "launch a multi-vm zero-to-jupyterhub".
+
+Note: CACAO is still in **Alpha phase**. Read more on CACAO [here](https://gitlab.com/cyverse/cacao). 
+
+---
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/resources/singularity/index.html b/resources/singularity/index.html
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+    Useful Resources related to Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#campus-hpc-resources-for-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
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+    Useful Resources related to Singularity
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#campus-hpc-resources-for-singularity" class="md-nav__link">
+    Campus HPC resources for Singularity
+  </a>
+  
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+      
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+                
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+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/resources/singularity.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Singularity</h1>
+
+<h2 id="useful-resources-related-to-singularity">Useful Resources related to Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#useful-resources-related-to-singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://sylabs.io/singularity/" target="_blank">SyLabs Singularity Community Edition (CE)</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://singularity-hpc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank">Singularity-HPC</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://singularityhub.github.io/singularity-hpc/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 2a2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 .74-.4 1.39-1 1.73V7h1a7 7 0 0 1 7 7h1a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-1v1a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h1a7 7 0 0 1 7-7h1V5.73c-.6-.34-1-.99-1-1.73a2 2 0 0 1 2-2M7.5 13A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 15.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7.5 18a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7.5 13m9 0a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5Z"/></svg></span> Autamus Singularity Image Repository</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://carpentries-incubator.github.io/singularity-introduction/" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.08 17.8c-.46.13-.87.2-1.23.2-1.2 0-2.01-.88-2.42-2.65h-.05c-.99 1.91-2.38 2.86-4.13 2.86-1.31 0-2.36-.49-3.15-1.48S5.92 14.5 5.92 13c0-1.75.45-3.15 1.34-4.24.89-1.09 2.1-1.64 3.63-1.64.82 0 1.56.23 2.2.68.64.46 1.13 1.1 1.47 1.93h.04l.71-2.4h2.56l-2.14 5.32c.24 1.24.49 2.09.77 2.54.24.45.58.68 1 .68.24 0 .43-.04.6-.11l-.02 2.04m-4.26-5.24c-.21-1.13-.55-2.01-1.01-2.61-.45-.61-1-.91-1.63-.91-.82 0-1.48.37-1.97 1.1-.49.74-.71 1.65-.71 2.72 0 .98.19 1.79.62 2.45.42.66.99.98 1.7.98.6 0 1.15-.29 1.64-.84.5-.57.91-1.4 1.24-2.49l.12-.4Z"/></svg></span> Carpentries Singularity Incubator</a></p>
+<h2 id="campus-hpc-resources-for-singularity">Campus HPC resources for Singularity<a class="headerlink" href="#campus-hpc-resources-for-singularity" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p><a href="https://opensciencegrid.org/docs/worker-node/install-singularity/" target="_blank">OpenScienceGrid Singularity Documentation</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/01.singularity_basics.html" target="_blank">TACC HPC Singularity Introduction</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://frontera-portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guide/docs/containers-at-tacc.pdf" target="_blank">TACC Containers .pdf</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://hpc.nih.gov/apps/singularity.html" target="_blank">NIH HPC</a></p>
+<p><a href="https://public.confluence.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers" target="_blank">University of Arizona Singularity Tutorial</a></p>
+
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diff --git a/resources/singularity/singularity.md b/resources/singularity/singularity.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..caa1a39b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/singularity/singularity.md
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+## Useful Resources related to Singularity
+
+[SyLabs Singularity Community Edition (CE)](https://sylabs.io/singularity/){target=_blank}
+
+[Singularity-HPC](https://singularity-hpc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-robot: Autamus Singularity Image Repository](https://singularityhub.github.io/singularity-hpc/){target=_blank}
+
+[:material-alpha: Carpentries Singularity Incubator](https://carpentries-incubator.github.io/singularity-introduction/){target=_blank}
+
+## Campus HPC resources for Singularity
+
+[OpenScienceGrid Singularity Documentation](https://opensciencegrid.org/docs/worker-node/install-singularity/){target=_blank}
+
+[TACC HPC Singularity Introduction](https://containers-at-tacc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/singularity/01.singularity_basics.html){target=_blank}
+
+[TACC Containers .pdf](https://frontera-portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guide/docs/containers-at-tacc.pdf){target=_blank}
+
+[NIH HPC](https://hpc.nih.gov/apps/singularity.html){target=_blank}
+
+[University of Arizona Singularity Tutorial](https://public.confluence.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers){target=_blank}
diff --git a/resources/vscode/index.html b/resources/vscode/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf983edb
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,1476 @@
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+          Orchestration
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
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+      Table of contents
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+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-vscode-for-kubernetes-management" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#1-setting-up-your-environment" class="md-nav__link">
+    1. Setting Up Your Environment:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#2-installing-the-kubernetes-extension-in-vscode" class="md-nav__link">
+    2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#3-containerizing-and-publishing-your-application" class="md-nav__link">
+    3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#4-creating-and-configuring-a-kubernetes-cluster" class="md-nav__link">
+    4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#5-deploying-your-application" class="md-nav__link">
+    5. Deploying Your Application:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#6-monitoring-your-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    6. Monitoring Your Deployment:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#7-additional-extensions-for-enhanced-kubernetes-development" class="md-nav__link">
+    7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setting-up-vscode-for-kubernetes-management" class="md-nav__link">
+    Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#1-setting-up-your-environment" class="md-nav__link">
+    1. Setting Up Your Environment:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#2-installing-the-kubernetes-extension-in-vscode" class="md-nav__link">
+    2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#3-containerizing-and-publishing-your-application" class="md-nav__link">
+    3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#4-creating-and-configuring-a-kubernetes-cluster" class="md-nav__link">
+    4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#5-deploying-your-application" class="md-nav__link">
+    5. Deploying Your Application:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#6-monitoring-your-deployment" class="md-nav__link">
+    6. Monitoring Your Deployment:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#7-additional-extensions-for-enhanced-kubernetes-development" class="md-nav__link">
+    7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development:
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
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+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
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+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
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+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/resources/vscode.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>VSCode</h1>
+
+<h2 id="setting-up-vscode-for-kubernetes-management">Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-vscode-for-kubernetes-management" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>If you're diving into Kubernetes (K8s) for the first time, Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is an excellent platform to manage your pods and clusters. </p>
+<p><strong>Why use VSCode for Kubernetes?</strong></p>
+<p>VSCode is a developer-friendly Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that offers a plethora of features to streamline the software development process. With its vast marketplace, you can integrate various plugins and extensions, including those tailored for Kubernetes. This flexibility allows you to interact with Kubernetes clusters directly from the VSCode interface, making it a top choice for Kubernetes management.</p>
+<h3 id="1-setting-up-your-environment"><strong>1. Setting Up Your Environment:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#1-setting-up-your-environment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>Prerequisites</strong>: Ensure you have Docker and <code>kubectl</code> installed. You can verify their installation by running Docker and <code>kubectl</code> commands from the shell.</li>
+<li><strong>Kubernetes Cluster</strong>: You can create a local Kubernetes cluster with <code>minikube</code> or use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for an Azure-based cluster. For this tutorial, we'll focus on AKS. Ensure you have an Azure account ready.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="2-installing-the-kubernetes-extension-in-vscode"><strong>2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#2-installing-the-kubernetes-extension-in-vscode" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Open VSCode and navigate to the Extensions view (Ctrl+Shift+X).</li>
+<li>Search for "kubernetes" and select the Microsoft Kubernetes extension to install.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="3-containerizing-and-publishing-your-application"><strong>3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#3-containerizing-and-publishing-your-application" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Use the Microsoft Docker Extension in VSCode to build your project, generate a Docker image, and push it to a container registry.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="4-creating-and-configuring-a-kubernetes-cluster"><strong>4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#4-creating-and-configuring-a-kubernetes-cluster" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>With the Kubernetes extension installed, you'll see KUBERNETES in the VSCode Explorer.</li>
+<li>Click on "More" and choose "Create Cluster".</li>
+<li>Follow the on-screen instructions to set up your Azure Kubernetes cluster.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="5-deploying-your-application"><strong>5. Deploying Your Application:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#5-deploying-your-application" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>The Kubernetes extension in VSCode provides autocompletion and code snippets for the Kubernetes manifest file.</li>
+<li>Once your manifest file is ready, open the Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P) and run "Kubernetes: Create". This will deploy your application to the Kubernetes cluster.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="6-monitoring-your-deployment"><strong>6. Monitoring Your Deployment:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#6-monitoring-your-deployment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>After deployment, use the Kubernetes extension to check the status of your application. Navigate to Workloads in the Explorer, right-click on Pods, and choose "Get" to see the application's status.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="7-additional-extensions-for-enhanced-kubernetes-development"><strong>7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#7-additional-extensions-for-enhanced-kubernetes-development" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>YAML</strong>: Provides full YAML support in VSCode, including validation, error detection, and auto-completion.</li>
+<li><strong>Cloud Code</strong>: Developed by Google Cloud, it supports Kubernetes and Cloud Run application development.</li>
+<li><strong>Bridge to Kubernetes</strong>: Allows remote debugging and modification of Kubernetes applications.</li>
+<li><strong>Azure Kubernetes Service</strong>: Manage Kubernetes clusters on Azure.</li>
+<li><strong>OpenShift Connector</strong>: Simplifies building, deploying, and managing applications on Kubernetes or OpenShift.</li>
+</ul>
+<hr />
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> With the right extensions and tools, VSCode is a powerful platform for managing K8s, making your DevOps tasks smoother and more efficient.</p>
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diff --git a/resources/vscode/vscode.md b/resources/vscode/vscode.md
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index 00000000..4ead3a4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/vscode/vscode.md
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+## Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management
+
+If you're diving into Kubernetes (K8s) for the first time, Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is an excellent platform to manage your pods and clusters. 
+
+**Why use VSCode for Kubernetes?**
+
+VSCode is a developer-friendly Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that offers a plethora of features to streamline the software development process. With its vast marketplace, you can integrate various plugins and extensions, including those tailored for Kubernetes. This flexibility allows you to interact with Kubernetes clusters directly from the VSCode interface, making it a top choice for Kubernetes management.
+
+### **1. Setting Up Your Environment:**
+- **Prerequisites**: Ensure you have Docker and `kubectl` installed. You can verify their installation by running Docker and `kubectl` commands from the shell.
+- **Kubernetes Cluster**: You can create a local Kubernetes cluster with `minikube` or use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for an Azure-based cluster. For this tutorial, we'll focus on AKS. Ensure you have an Azure account ready.
+
+### **2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode:**
+- Open VSCode and navigate to the Extensions view (Ctrl+Shift+X).
+- Search for "kubernetes" and select the Microsoft Kubernetes extension to install.
+
+### **3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application:**
+- Use the Microsoft Docker Extension in VSCode to build your project, generate a Docker image, and push it to a container registry.
+
+### **4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster:**
+- With the Kubernetes extension installed, you'll see KUBERNETES in the VSCode Explorer.
+- Click on "More" and choose "Create Cluster".
+- Follow the on-screen instructions to set up your Azure Kubernetes cluster.
+
+### **5. Deploying Your Application:**
+- The Kubernetes extension in VSCode provides autocompletion and code snippets for the Kubernetes manifest file.
+- Once your manifest file is ready, open the Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P) and run "Kubernetes: Create". This will deploy your application to the Kubernetes cluster.
+
+### **6. Monitoring Your Deployment:**
+- After deployment, use the Kubernetes extension to check the status of your application. Navigate to Workloads in the Explorer, right-click on Pods, and choose "Get" to see the application's status.
+
+### **7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development:**
+- **YAML**: Provides full YAML support in VSCode, including validation, error detection, and auto-completion.
+- **Cloud Code**: Developed by Google Cloud, it supports Kubernetes and Cloud Run application development.
+- **Bridge to Kubernetes**: Allows remote debugging and modification of Kubernetes applications.
+- **Azure Kubernetes Service**: Manage Kubernetes clusters on Azure.
+- **OpenShift Connector**: Simplifies building, deploying, and managing applications on Kubernetes or OpenShift.
+
+---
+
+**Note:** With the right extensions and tools, VSCode is a powerful platform for managing K8s, making your DevOps tasks smoother and more efficient.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/search/search_index.json b/search/search_index.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/search/search_index.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"config":{"indexing":"full","lang":["en"],"min_search_length":3,"prebuild_index":false,"separator":"[\\s\\-]+"},"docs":[{"location":"","text":"Welcome to CyVerse Container & Cloud Native Camp Documentation \u00b6 Go to 8/17/2023 Workshop Agenda \u00b6 Welcome to our documentation on containers and orchestration in academic research and education. Basic Container Camp \u00b6 Docker Containers for Scientific Research \u00b6 Introduction to Docker Finding the Right Container Containers on High Performance and High Throughput Computing \u00b6 Basics of SingularityCE Using SingularityCE on HPC and HTC Cloud Native Camp \u00b6 Orchestration \u00b6 Container Orchestration with Kubernetes Infrastructure as Code \u00b6 Infrastructure as Code with Hashicorp Terraform CyVerse's Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration (CACAO) Learning Objectives After completing these two paired workshops, you should be able to: Explain why containers and orchestration are used in research computing Create your own containers and deploy your own orchestrated frameworks Understand how and when to use containers and IaC in your daily work You will also leave with Understanding of how to use the most powerful public research computing infrastructure in the world via ACCESS-CI . The ability to launch and manage distributed resources using IaC templates on commercial (AWS, GCloud, Azure) or public research (OpenStack) clouds. Insight into commercial cloud services, their costs, and how to best utilize them for scientific research. Funding and Citations: CyVerse is generously funded by the National Science Foundation . Here are our award numbers: For any utilization of our resources, please adhere to the CyVerse citation policy .","title":"Home"},{"location":"#welcome-to-cyverse-container-cloud-native-camp-documentation","text":"","title":"Welcome to CyVerse Container &amp; Cloud Native Camp Documentation"},{"location":"#go-to-8172023-workshop-agenda","text":"Welcome to our documentation on containers and orchestration in academic research and education.","title":" Go to 8/17/2023 Workshop Agenda"},{"location":"#basic-container-camp","text":"","title":"Basic Container Camp"},{"location":"#docker-containers-for-scientific-research","text":"Introduction to Docker Finding the Right Container","title":"Docker Containers for Scientific Research"},{"location":"#containers-on-high-performance-and-high-throughput-computing","text":"Basics of SingularityCE Using SingularityCE on HPC and HTC","title":"Containers on High Performance and High Throughput Computing"},{"location":"#cloud-native-camp","text":"","title":"Cloud Native Camp"},{"location":"#orchestration","text":"Container Orchestration with Kubernetes","title":"Orchestration"},{"location":"#infrastructure-as-code","text":"Infrastructure as Code with Hashicorp Terraform CyVerse's Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration (CACAO) Learning Objectives After completing these two paired workshops, you should be able to: Explain why containers and orchestration are used in research computing Create your own containers and deploy your own orchestrated frameworks Understand how and when to use containers and IaC in your daily work You will also leave with Understanding of how to use the most powerful public research computing infrastructure in the world via ACCESS-CI . The ability to launch and manage distributed resources using IaC templates on commercial (AWS, GCloud, Azure) or public research (OpenStack) clouds. Insight into commercial cloud services, their costs, and how to best utilize them for scientific research. Funding and Citations: CyVerse is generously funded by the National Science Foundation . Here are our award numbers: For any utilization of our resources, please adhere to the CyVerse citation policy .","title":"Infrastructure as Code"},{"location":"cloud/aws/","text":"Creating Your First AWS Account \u00b6 Introduction \u00b6 This tutorial will guide you through the basics of creating your first AWS account. Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage \u00b6 Navigate to the AWS homepage . Click on the \"Create an AWS Account\" button, usually located at the top right corner. Step 2: Sign Up \u00b6 You'll be prompted to enter your email address. If you already have an Amazon account, you can use that email. Otherwise, create a new one. Choose \"I am a new user\" and click on \"Sign in using our secure server\". Fill in the required details, including your name, email, and desired password. Step 3: Contact Information \u00b6 Choose \"Professional\" if you're setting this up for your organization or work. Otherwise, choose \"Personal\". Fill in the required contact details. Ensure the information is accurate, as AWS might use it for verification purposes. Step 4: Payment Information \u00b6 Enter your credit card details. AWS requires this even for the Free Tier, but you won't be charged unless you exceed the Free Tier limits. Step 5: Identity Verification \u00b6 AWS will call you to verify your identity. Enter the PIN you receive during the call. Step 6: Choose a Support Plan \u00b6 AWS offers various support plans. For starters, you can choose the \"Basic Plan\" which is free. Step 7: Confirmation \u00b6 Once all steps are completed, you'll receive a confirmation message. Congratulations, you now have an AWS account! Step 8: Access AWS Services \u00b6 After setting up your account, you can access the AWS Management Console to explore various AWS services. Note : Always set a budget to monitor your usage to avoid unexpected charges. AWS Free Tier offers a generous amount of resources, but exceeding those limits can result in charges.","title":"Amazon Web Services"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#creating-your-first-aws-account","text":"","title":"Creating Your First AWS Account"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#introduction","text":"This tutorial will guide you through the basics of creating your first AWS account.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-1-visit-the-aws-homepage","text":"Navigate to the AWS homepage . Click on the \"Create an AWS Account\" button, usually located at the top right corner.","title":"Step 1: Visit the AWS Homepage"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-2-sign-up","text":"You'll be prompted to enter your email address. If you already have an Amazon account, you can use that email. Otherwise, create a new one. Choose \"I am a new user\" and click on \"Sign in using our secure server\". Fill in the required details, including your name, email, and desired password.","title":"Step 2: Sign Up"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-3-contact-information","text":"Choose \"Professional\" if you're setting this up for your organization or work. Otherwise, choose \"Personal\". Fill in the required contact details. Ensure the information is accurate, as AWS might use it for verification purposes.","title":"Step 3: Contact Information"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-4-payment-information","text":"Enter your credit card details. AWS requires this even for the Free Tier, but you won't be charged unless you exceed the Free Tier limits.","title":"Step 4: Payment Information"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-5-identity-verification","text":"AWS will call you to verify your identity. Enter the PIN you receive during the call.","title":"Step 5: Identity Verification"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-6-choose-a-support-plan","text":"AWS offers various support plans. For starters, you can choose the \"Basic Plan\" which is free.","title":"Step 6: Choose a Support Plan"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-7-confirmation","text":"Once all steps are completed, you'll receive a confirmation message. Congratulations, you now have an AWS account!","title":"Step 7: Confirmation"},{"location":"cloud/aws/#step-8-access-aws-services","text":"After setting up your account, you can access the AWS Management Console to explore various AWS services. Note : Always set a budget to monitor your usage to avoid unexpected charges. AWS Free Tier offers a generous amount of resources, but exceeding those limits can result in charges.","title":"Step 8: Access AWS Services"},{"location":"cloud/azure/","text":"","title":"Azure"},{"location":"cloud/codespaces/","text":"GitHub CodeSpaces \u00b6 For this workshop, we are working in GitHub CodeSpaces . You will be given access to an organization where CodeSpaces have been enabled for the duration of the workshop. What is a 'Development Environment'? A development environment or \"dev environment\" for short, is a place where software can be written and tested without impacting users or \"production environments\" as part of the software lifecycle. Containers-within-containers are another way to think about this paradigm. We create a containerized Integrated Development Environment (IDE) container which has all of our favorite software development tools and visual software (e.g., VSCode) where we can write our program and try out new package installations. Terminology: Development Environment : Environment for development tasks such as designing, programming, debugging, etc. Test Environment : an environment with the same configuration as the \"production environment\" where testing can be done without interrupting the main service, also called Q/A or \"Quality Assurance Environment\". Staging Environment : Where the work from testing is merged into the built system before public release. Production Environment : The environment where users interact with the now-public tools. GitHub CodeSpaces provides you with a fully featured Dev Environment running on Microsoft Azure . You have been granted access to GitHub Education , and can use CodeSpaces and CoPilot during the workshop. CodeSpace links with your GitHub account for a seamless experience working on code in a Git repository. CoPilot is an AI programmer assistant that can help you write code using comments as prompts. How can you get your own educational GitHub & CodeSpaces? You can gain access to discounted GitHub CodeSpaces by enrolling your GitHub account with GitHub Education and then applying the educator discount to your organizations and repos. Not interested in using GitHub based dev environments? Check out GitPod or GitLub Education and Developer Environments How do I use CoPilot? Install and enable CoPilot on your VSCode (locally, logging into GitHub, or remotely in CodeSpace). Try adding a comment to the top of a file, like your new Dockerfile , wait a few seconds # Create a Dockerfile which uses an Ubuntu 22.04 featured base image, FROM ubuntu:22.04 # then install Python 3.10 and pip, RUN apt-get update \\ && apt-get install -y python3.10 python3-pip # and give it an ENTRYPOINT to run Python 3.10 ENTRYPOINT [ \"python3.10\" ] Starting a CodeSpace \u00b6 When a GitHub Organization and Repository have CodeSpaces enabled you will see a \"Code\" button above the README.md Click on the \"Code\" button and start a new CodeSpace Select the size of the CodeSpace you want (2-4 cores and 4GB to 8GB of RAM should be plenty for today) Click \"Create CodeSpace\" You will be taken to a loading screen, and after a few moments (<2 minutes) your browser will change to a VS Code instance in your browser. Notice, the GitHub repository where you initiated the CodeSpace is set as the working directory of the EXPLORER in the upper left side of VS Code interface. You're in your Git repo, and are able to work with Python, Docker, Node, or any one of many featured developer tools. Further, you can install any tools you like!","title":"GitHub CodeSpaces"},{"location":"cloud/codespaces/#github-codespaces","text":"For this workshop, we are working in GitHub CodeSpaces . You will be given access to an organization where CodeSpaces have been enabled for the duration of the workshop. What is a 'Development Environment'? A development environment or \"dev environment\" for short, is a place where software can be written and tested without impacting users or \"production environments\" as part of the software lifecycle. Containers-within-containers are another way to think about this paradigm. We create a containerized Integrated Development Environment (IDE) container which has all of our favorite software development tools and visual software (e.g., VSCode) where we can write our program and try out new package installations. Terminology: Development Environment : Environment for development tasks such as designing, programming, debugging, etc. Test Environment : an environment with the same configuration as the \"production environment\" where testing can be done without interrupting the main service, also called Q/A or \"Quality Assurance Environment\". Staging Environment : Where the work from testing is merged into the built system before public release. Production Environment : The environment where users interact with the now-public tools. GitHub CodeSpaces provides you with a fully featured Dev Environment running on Microsoft Azure . You have been granted access to GitHub Education , and can use CodeSpaces and CoPilot during the workshop. CodeSpace links with your GitHub account for a seamless experience working on code in a Git repository. CoPilot is an AI programmer assistant that can help you write code using comments as prompts. How can you get your own educational GitHub & CodeSpaces? You can gain access to discounted GitHub CodeSpaces by enrolling your GitHub account with GitHub Education and then applying the educator discount to your organizations and repos. Not interested in using GitHub based dev environments? Check out GitPod or GitLub Education and Developer Environments How do I use CoPilot? Install and enable CoPilot on your VSCode (locally, logging into GitHub, or remotely in CodeSpace). Try adding a comment to the top of a file, like your new Dockerfile , wait a few seconds # Create a Dockerfile which uses an Ubuntu 22.04 featured base image, FROM ubuntu:22.04 # then install Python 3.10 and pip, RUN apt-get update \\ && apt-get install -y python3.10 python3-pip # and give it an ENTRYPOINT to run Python 3.10 ENTRYPOINT [ \"python3.10\" ]","title":"GitHub  CodeSpaces"},{"location":"cloud/codespaces/#starting-a-codespace","text":"When a GitHub Organization and Repository have CodeSpaces enabled you will see a \"Code\" button above the README.md Click on the \"Code\" button and start a new CodeSpace Select the size of the CodeSpace you want (2-4 cores and 4GB to 8GB of RAM should be plenty for today) Click \"Create CodeSpace\" You will be taken to a loading screen, and after a few moments (<2 minutes) your browser will change to a VS Code instance in your browser. Notice, the GitHub repository where you initiated the CodeSpace is set as the working directory of the EXPLORER in the upper left side of VS Code interface. You're in your Git repo, and are able to work with Python, Docker, Node, or any one of many featured developer tools. Further, you can install any tools you like!","title":"Starting a CodeSpace"},{"location":"cloud/gcp/","text":"","title":"Google Cloud Platform"},{"location":"cloud/js2/","text":"Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2 \u00b6 1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI \u00b6 Step 1: Navigate to the ACCESS User Registration page. Step 2: If you have an XSEDE Portal account, your ACCESS ID is the same. Do not create a new ACCESS ID. Instead, select the \u201cACCESS CI (XSEDE)\u201d identity provider to log in using your XSEDE account. Step 3: If you don't have an XSEDE or ACCESS account, you have two options: Register with an existing identity : Use an existing University account to simplify the sign-up process. With this option, creating an ACCESS-specific password is optional. Register without an existing identity : You'll be prompted to enter all your registration info and select an ACCESS-specific password. Step 4: During registration, ensure you complete the email verification. You'll receive an email from registry@cilogon.org with a URL to complete your registration. Note: Avoid exiting your browser during registration. If you face any issues, please contact the support team . 2. Connecting to Jetstream2 \u00b6 Step 1: Visit the Jetstream2 official End User documentation . Step 2: Jetstream2 offers multiple interfaces for creating, deploying, and managing Virtual Machines (VMs) and Storage. Familiarize yourself with the available interfaces: Exosphere: A web-based GUI for VM management. Horizon: Another web-based GUI with a different set of features. CACAO: Still in development, but offers unique capabilities. OpenStack CLI: For those who prefer command-line interfaces. Step 3: For beginners, it's recommended to start with the Exosphere interface. Here's a brief guide: Logging In: Use your ACCESS-CI credentials. Creating an Instance: Follow the on-screen instructions to deploy a VM. Accessing an Exosphere Instance: Once your VM is up, you can access it directly from the Exosphere dashboard. Step 4: Dive deeper into the Jetstream2 documentation to explore advanced features, troubleshooting guides, and more. Note: This tutorial provides a quick overview of getting started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2. For comprehensive details, always refer to the official documentation provided by both platforms.","title":"Jetstream-2"},{"location":"cloud/js2/#getting-started-with-nsf-access-ci-and-jetstream2","text":"","title":"Getting Started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2"},{"location":"cloud/js2/#1-creating-an-account-on-nsf-access-ci","text":"Step 1: Navigate to the ACCESS User Registration page. Step 2: If you have an XSEDE Portal account, your ACCESS ID is the same. Do not create a new ACCESS ID. Instead, select the \u201cACCESS CI (XSEDE)\u201d identity provider to log in using your XSEDE account. Step 3: If you don't have an XSEDE or ACCESS account, you have two options: Register with an existing identity : Use an existing University account to simplify the sign-up process. With this option, creating an ACCESS-specific password is optional. Register without an existing identity : You'll be prompted to enter all your registration info and select an ACCESS-specific password. Step 4: During registration, ensure you complete the email verification. You'll receive an email from registry@cilogon.org with a URL to complete your registration. Note: Avoid exiting your browser during registration. If you face any issues, please contact the support team .","title":"1. Creating an Account on NSF ACCESS-CI"},{"location":"cloud/js2/#2-connecting-to-jetstream2","text":"Step 1: Visit the Jetstream2 official End User documentation . Step 2: Jetstream2 offers multiple interfaces for creating, deploying, and managing Virtual Machines (VMs) and Storage. Familiarize yourself with the available interfaces: Exosphere: A web-based GUI for VM management. Horizon: Another web-based GUI with a different set of features. CACAO: Still in development, but offers unique capabilities. OpenStack CLI: For those who prefer command-line interfaces. Step 3: For beginners, it's recommended to start with the Exosphere interface. Here's a brief guide: Logging In: Use your ACCESS-CI credentials. Creating an Instance: Follow the on-screen instructions to deploy a VM. Accessing an Exosphere Instance: Once your VM is up, you can access it directly from the Exosphere dashboard. Step 4: Dive deeper into the Jetstream2 documentation to explore advanced features, troubleshooting guides, and more. Note: This tutorial provides a quick overview of getting started with NSF ACCESS-CI and Jetstream2. For comprehensive details, always refer to the official documentation provided by both platforms.","title":"2. Connecting to Jetstream2"},{"location":"cloud/openstack/","text":"Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud \u00b6 Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python \u00b6 Step 1: Prerequisites Ensure you have Python installed on your system. You can download Python from the official website: https://www.python.org/downloads/ Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI Open your terminal or command prompt and execute the following command to install the OpenStack CLI using pip : pip install python-openstackclient Step 3: Verify the Installation To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command: openstack --version You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful. Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS) \u00b6 Step 1: Prerequisites Ensure you have Homebrew installed on your MacOS. If you don't have Homebrew, you can install it using the following command in your terminal: /bin/bash -c \" $( curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh ) \" Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI Open your terminal and use Homebrew to install the OpenStack CLI: brew install openstackclient Step 3: Verify the Installation To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command: openstack --version You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful. Conclusion \u00b6 In this installation section, we provided two options for installing the OpenStack CLI. The first option uses Python's pip package manager, which is a cross-platform method for installation. The second option is specific to MacOS users and uses Homebrew as the package manager. Choose the option that best suits your system, and once the OpenStack CLI is installed, you can proceed with the main tutorial to connect to an existing OpenStack Cloud. If you already have the OpenStack CLI installed, you can skip this section and move on to the authentication and connection steps in the main tutorial. Happy cloud computing!","title":"OpenStack"},{"location":"cloud/openstack/#connecting-to-an-existing-openstack-cloud","text":"","title":"Connecting to an Existing OpenStack Cloud"},{"location":"cloud/openstack/#option-1-installing-openstack-cli-using-python","text":"Step 1: Prerequisites Ensure you have Python installed on your system. You can download Python from the official website: https://www.python.org/downloads/ Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI Open your terminal or command prompt and execute the following command to install the OpenStack CLI using pip : pip install python-openstackclient Step 3: Verify the Installation To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command: openstack --version You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.","title":"Option 1: Installing OpenStack CLI using Python"},{"location":"cloud/openstack/#option-2-installing-openstack-cli-using-homebrew-macos","text":"Step 1: Prerequisites Ensure you have Homebrew installed on your MacOS. If you don't have Homebrew, you can install it using the following command in your terminal: /bin/bash -c \" $( curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh ) \" Step 2: Install OpenStack CLI Open your terminal and use Homebrew to install the OpenStack CLI: brew install openstackclient Step 3: Verify the Installation To verify that the OpenStack CLI has been successfully installed, run the following command: openstack --version You should see the version number of the installed OpenStack CLI if the installation was successful.","title":"Option 2: Installing OpenStack CLI using Homebrew (MacOS)"},{"location":"cloud/openstack/#conclusion","text":"In this installation section, we provided two options for installing the OpenStack CLI. The first option uses Python's pip package manager, which is a cross-platform method for installation. The second option is specific to MacOS users and uses Homebrew as the package manager. Choose the option that best suits your system, and once the OpenStack CLI is installed, you can proceed with the main tutorial to connect to an existing OpenStack Cloud. If you already have the OpenStack CLI installed, you can skip this section and move on to the authentication and connection steps in the main tutorial. Happy cloud computing!","title":"Conclusion"},{"location":"docker/actions/","text":"GitHub Actions and Docker \u00b6 GitHub Actions is a feature that allows automation and execution of workflows invoved in the development of your software and code. Read more on GitHub Actions at the offical GitHub Docs page . Actions can also be used to create and manage your Docker Images. Here you will learn how to can create Actions which build and then push images from GitHub to a Docker Registry of your choice. Prerequisites \u00b6 A GitHub account A Docker account Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker \u00b6 CI/CD Terminology continuous integration builds, tests, and automatically accepts changes to code in a repository continuous delivery delivers code changes to production-ready environments continuous deployment does just that, it deploys changes to the code CI pipeline compiles code, tests it, and makes sure all of your changes work. It should run whenever there is a change (push) to the repository CD pipeline goes one step further and deploys new code into production. We are focusing on GitHub, but there are other platforms which you can explore for building and pushing containers to registries These include GitLab Runners Other types of Continuous Integration are used on code repositories to ensure that code stays functional. Create a GitHub Repository \u00b6 Navigate to your GitHub Account and select New ; Creating README, LICENSE, & .gitignore When you create your new git repository you are asked to create a README , a LICENCE , and a .gitignore file. Go ahead and create all three of these, as they are useful and fundamental to making your repository reproducible. README -- we want to use the README to help future-us when we revisit this repository. Make sure to include detailed instructions LICENSE -- pick a license which is useful for your specific software use case. .gitignore -- use a file which will keep docker project files isolated .gitignore example # Docker project generated files to ignore # if you want to ignore files created by your editor/tools, # please consider a global .gitignore https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files .vagrant* bin docker/docker .*.swp a.out *.orig build_src .flymake* .idea .DS_Store docs/_build docs/_static docs/_templates .gopath/ .dotcloud *.test bundles/ .hg/ .git/ vendor/pkg/ pyenv Vagrantfile In the repository, create two nested folders required for a Docker Actions project: A .github/workflows folder: containing required necessary yml files that build the containers through GitHub; In the workflows folder, we're going to add a .yml In the main repository, along with the README and LICENCE file, create another folder called /docker In the /docker folder we're going to put the Dockerfile file necessary to build the image. Link your GitHub and Docker accounts \u00b6 Ensure you can access Docker Hub from any workflows you create: Add your Docker ID as a secret to GitHub. Navigate to your GitHub repository and click Settings > Secrets > New secret . 2. Create a new secret with the name DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME and your Docker ID as value. 3. On DockerHub, create a new Personal Access Token (PAT). To create a new token, go to Docker Hub Settings and then click New Access Token . Name it, and copy the newly generated PAT. Tip Name your Docker Hub Access token the same name as your GitHub repository, it will help with keeping track which GitHub repository is related to which Docker image. On GitHub, return to your repository secrets, and add the PAT as a secret with the name DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN . Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow \u00b6 Now that you have connected your GitHub repository with your Docker account, you are ready to add the necessary files to your repo. Note In this example, we will use the existing Docker Image Alpine. 1. In your GitHub repository, create a file and name in Dockerfile ; In the first line of your Dockerfile paste: FROM alpine:3.14 2. Click the Actions tab and in the search bar, search for docker . Select the docker image workflow (as shown in the image below) Note This will create the .github/workflows repository and necessary yml file required for the GitHub actions. 3. You will be prompted to the docker-image.yml file; paste the following code, and commit your changes. name: Docker Image Small Alpine on: push: branches: [ main ] pull_request: branches: [ main ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Login to Docker Hub uses: docker/login-action@v1 with: username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }} password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }} - name: Build and push uses: docker/build-push-action@v2 with: context: . file: ./Dockerfile push: true tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale 4. Upon committing and pushing your changes, you can check your Workflows under the Actions tab on GitHub. Note Github will show you when a workflow is building: - An orange dot next to your commit count means that the workflow is running; - A crossed red circle means that your workflow has failed; - A green check means your workflow ran successfully. 5. Navigate to your Docker Hub to see your GitHub Actions generated Docker image. Tagging a Pushing an Image \u00b6 When updating your own Docker Images, you may want to tag the images with a version number. In this example, we update our Alpine Docker Image to a newer version and adding a package. Navigate to your Dockerfile and modify it by adding the following lines: FROM alpine:3.15 LABEL author=\"<name>\" LABEL email=\"<email>\" LABEL date_created=\"<date>\" RUN apk update && apk upgrade --available RUN apk add vim fortune ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH} ENV LC_ALL=C ENTRYPOINT fortune Save, and navigate to the github action ( .github/workflows/docker-image.yml ). The last line should be tags , edit the line to reflect the version you would like to add. tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale:v0.2 Warning To correctoy add a tag, add a colon followed by a version number such as <name of container>:<version number> . If there is no tag, the version pushed will default to latest . Remember to update/change the tag line in future pushes. Add, commit, push your changes; You will see your Docker Image being built with the added tagged version. Setting up your own \u00b6 GitHub Actions Runner Self-hosted Actions Runner Docs GitLab Runner","title":"GitHub Actions and Docker"},{"location":"docker/actions/#github-actions-and-docker","text":"GitHub Actions is a feature that allows automation and execution of workflows invoved in the development of your software and code. Read more on GitHub Actions at the offical GitHub Docs page . Actions can also be used to create and manage your Docker Images. Here you will learn how to can create Actions which build and then push images from GitHub to a Docker Registry of your choice.","title":"GitHub Actions and Docker"},{"location":"docker/actions/#prerequisites","text":"A GitHub account A Docker account","title":"Prerequisites"},{"location":"docker/actions/#setting-up-a-git-repository-with-actions-for-docker","text":"CI/CD Terminology continuous integration builds, tests, and automatically accepts changes to code in a repository continuous delivery delivers code changes to production-ready environments continuous deployment does just that, it deploys changes to the code CI pipeline compiles code, tests it, and makes sure all of your changes work. It should run whenever there is a change (push) to the repository CD pipeline goes one step further and deploys new code into production. We are focusing on GitHub, but there are other platforms which you can explore for building and pushing containers to registries These include GitLab Runners Other types of Continuous Integration are used on code repositories to ensure that code stays functional.","title":"Setting up a Git Repository with Actions for Docker"},{"location":"docker/actions/#create-a-github-repository","text":"Navigate to your GitHub Account and select New ; Creating README, LICENSE, & .gitignore When you create your new git repository you are asked to create a README , a LICENCE , and a .gitignore file. Go ahead and create all three of these, as they are useful and fundamental to making your repository reproducible. README -- we want to use the README to help future-us when we revisit this repository. Make sure to include detailed instructions LICENSE -- pick a license which is useful for your specific software use case. .gitignore -- use a file which will keep docker project files isolated .gitignore example # Docker project generated files to ignore # if you want to ignore files created by your editor/tools, # please consider a global .gitignore https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files .vagrant* bin docker/docker .*.swp a.out *.orig build_src .flymake* .idea .DS_Store docs/_build docs/_static docs/_templates .gopath/ .dotcloud *.test bundles/ .hg/ .git/ vendor/pkg/ pyenv Vagrantfile In the repository, create two nested folders required for a Docker Actions project: A .github/workflows folder: containing required necessary yml files that build the containers through GitHub; In the workflows folder, we're going to add a .yml In the main repository, along with the README and LICENCE file, create another folder called /docker In the /docker folder we're going to put the Dockerfile file necessary to build the image.","title":"Create a GitHub Repository"},{"location":"docker/actions/#link-your-github-and-docker-accounts","text":"Ensure you can access Docker Hub from any workflows you create: Add your Docker ID as a secret to GitHub. Navigate to your GitHub repository and click Settings > Secrets > New secret . 2. Create a new secret with the name DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME and your Docker ID as value. 3. On DockerHub, create a new Personal Access Token (PAT). To create a new token, go to Docker Hub Settings and then click New Access Token . Name it, and copy the newly generated PAT. Tip Name your Docker Hub Access token the same name as your GitHub repository, it will help with keeping track which GitHub repository is related to which Docker image. On GitHub, return to your repository secrets, and add the PAT as a secret with the name DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN .","title":"Link your GitHub and Docker accounts"},{"location":"docker/actions/#setting-up-a-github-action-workflow","text":"Now that you have connected your GitHub repository with your Docker account, you are ready to add the necessary files to your repo. Note In this example, we will use the existing Docker Image Alpine. 1. In your GitHub repository, create a file and name in Dockerfile ; In the first line of your Dockerfile paste: FROM alpine:3.14 2. Click the Actions tab and in the search bar, search for docker . Select the docker image workflow (as shown in the image below) Note This will create the .github/workflows repository and necessary yml file required for the GitHub actions. 3. You will be prompted to the docker-image.yml file; paste the following code, and commit your changes. name: Docker Image Small Alpine on: push: branches: [ main ] pull_request: branches: [ main ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Login to Docker Hub uses: docker/login-action@v1 with: username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }} password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }} - name: Build and push uses: docker/build-push-action@v2 with: context: . file: ./Dockerfile push: true tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale 4. Upon committing and pushing your changes, you can check your Workflows under the Actions tab on GitHub. Note Github will show you when a workflow is building: - An orange dot next to your commit count means that the workflow is running; - A crossed red circle means that your workflow has failed; - A green check means your workflow ran successfully. 5. Navigate to your Docker Hub to see your GitHub Actions generated Docker image.","title":"Setting up a GitHub Action Workflow"},{"location":"docker/actions/#tagging-a-pushing-an-image","text":"When updating your own Docker Images, you may want to tag the images with a version number. In this example, we update our Alpine Docker Image to a newer version and adding a package. Navigate to your Dockerfile and modify it by adding the following lines: FROM alpine:3.15 LABEL author=\"<name>\" LABEL email=\"<email>\" LABEL date_created=\"<date>\" RUN apk update && apk upgrade --available RUN apk add vim fortune ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH} ENV LC_ALL=C ENTRYPOINT fortune Save, and navigate to the github action ( .github/workflows/docker-image.yml ). The last line should be tags , edit the line to reflect the version you would like to add. tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/simplewhale:v0.2 Warning To correctoy add a tag, add a colon followed by a version number such as <name of container>:<version number> . If there is no tag, the version pushed will default to latest . Remember to update/change the tag line in future pushes. Add, commit, push your changes; You will see your Docker Image being built with the added tagged version.","title":"Tagging a Pushing an Image"},{"location":"docker/actions/#setting-up-your-own","text":"GitHub Actions Runner Self-hosted Actions Runner Docs GitLab Runner","title":"Setting up your own"},{"location":"docker/advanced/","text":"Advanced Docker Techniques \u00b6 Volumes \u00b6 When you run a container, you can bring a directory from the host system into the container, and give it a new name and location using the -v or --volume flag. $ mkdir -p ~/local-data-folder $ echo \"some data\" >> ~/local-data-folder/data.txt $ docker run -v ${ HOME } /local-data-folder:/data $YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME /mynotebook:latest cat /data/data.txt In the example above, you can mount a folder from your localhost, in your home user directory into the container as a new directory named /data . Create and manage volumes \u00b6 Unlike a bind mount, you can create and manage volumes outside the scope of any container. A given volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously. When no running container is using a volume, the volume is still available to Docker and is not removed automatically. You can remove unused volumes using docker volume prune command. When you create a Docker volume, it is stored within a directory on the Docker Linux host ( /var/lib/docker/ ). Note File location on Mac OS X is a bit different: https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/ Let's create a volume $ docker volume create my-vol List volumes: $ docker volume ls local my-vol Inspect a volume by looking at the Mount section in the docker volume inspect $ docker volume inspect my-vol [ { \"Driver\" : \"local\" , \"Labels\" : {} , \"Mountpoint\" : \"/var/lib/docker/volumes/my-vol/_data\" , \"Name\" : \"my-vol\" , \"Options\" : {} , \"Scope\" : \"local\" } ] Remove a volume $ docker volume rm my-vol $ docker volume ls Populate a volume using a container \u00b6 This example starts an alpine container and populates the new volume output-vol with the some output created by the container. docker volume create output-vol docker run --name = data-app --mount source = output-vol,target = /data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt' Use docker inspect output-vol to see where the volume data lives on your host, and then use cat to confirm that it contains the output created by the container. docker volume inspect output-vol sudo cat /var/lib/docker/volumes/output-vol/_data/container-env.txt You should see something like: HOSTNAME=790e13bba28a SHLVL=1 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin PWD=/ After running either of these examples, run the following commands to clean up the container and volume. docker rm data-app docker volume rm output-vol Bind mounts \u00b6 Bind mounts: When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the host machine is mounted into a container. Tip If you are developing new Docker applications, consider using named volumes instead. You can't use Docker CLI commands to directly manage bind mounts. Warning One side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container, including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or directories. This is a powerful ability which can have security implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host system. If you use --mount to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for you, but generates an error. Start a container with a bind mount \u00b6 Create a bind-data directory in your home directory. cd ~ mkdir -p ~/bind-data Run a container, mounting this directory inside the container, and the container should create some data in there. docker run --mount type = bind,source = \" $( pwd ) \" /bind-data,target = /data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt' Check that the output looks right. cat ~/bind-data/container-env.txt Use a read-only bind mount \u00b6 For some development applications, the container needs to write into the bind mount, so changes are propagated back to the Docker host. At other times, the container only needs read access. This example modifies the one above but mounts the directory as a read-only bind mount, by adding ro to the (empty by default) list of options, after the mount point within the container. Where multiple options are present, separate them by commas. docker run --mount type = bind,source = \" $( pwd ) \" /bind-data,target = /data,readonly alpine sh -c 'ls -al /data/ && env >> /data/container-env.txt' You should see an error message about not being able to write to a read-only file system. sh: can ' t create /data/container-env.txt: Read-only file system","title":"Advanced use of Docker"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#advanced-docker-techniques","text":"","title":"Advanced Docker Techniques"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#volumes","text":"When you run a container, you can bring a directory from the host system into the container, and give it a new name and location using the -v or --volume flag. $ mkdir -p ~/local-data-folder $ echo \"some data\" >> ~/local-data-folder/data.txt $ docker run -v ${ HOME } /local-data-folder:/data $YOUR_DOCKERHUB_USERNAME /mynotebook:latest cat /data/data.txt In the example above, you can mount a folder from your localhost, in your home user directory into the container as a new directory named /data .","title":"Volumes"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#create-and-manage-volumes","text":"Unlike a bind mount, you can create and manage volumes outside the scope of any container. A given volume can be mounted into multiple containers simultaneously. When no running container is using a volume, the volume is still available to Docker and is not removed automatically. You can remove unused volumes using docker volume prune command. When you create a Docker volume, it is stored within a directory on the Docker Linux host ( /var/lib/docker/ ). Note File location on Mac OS X is a bit different: https://timonweb.com/posts/getting-path-and-accessing-persistent-volumes-in-docker-for-mac/ Let's create a volume $ docker volume create my-vol List volumes: $ docker volume ls local my-vol Inspect a volume by looking at the Mount section in the docker volume inspect $ docker volume inspect my-vol [ { \"Driver\" : \"local\" , \"Labels\" : {} , \"Mountpoint\" : \"/var/lib/docker/volumes/my-vol/_data\" , \"Name\" : \"my-vol\" , \"Options\" : {} , \"Scope\" : \"local\" } ] Remove a volume $ docker volume rm my-vol $ docker volume ls","title":"Create and manage volumes"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#populate-a-volume-using-a-container","text":"This example starts an alpine container and populates the new volume output-vol with the some output created by the container. docker volume create output-vol docker run --name = data-app --mount source = output-vol,target = /data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt' Use docker inspect output-vol to see where the volume data lives on your host, and then use cat to confirm that it contains the output created by the container. docker volume inspect output-vol sudo cat /var/lib/docker/volumes/output-vol/_data/container-env.txt You should see something like: HOSTNAME=790e13bba28a SHLVL=1 HOME=/root PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin PWD=/ After running either of these examples, run the following commands to clean up the container and volume. docker rm data-app docker volume rm output-vol","title":"Populate a volume using a container"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#bind-mounts","text":"Bind mounts: When you use a bind mount, a file or directory on the host machine is mounted into a container. Tip If you are developing new Docker applications, consider using named volumes instead. You can't use Docker CLI commands to directly manage bind mounts. Warning One side effect of using bind mounts, for better or for worse, is that you can change the host filesystem via processes running in a container, including creating, modifying, or deleting important system files or directories. This is a powerful ability which can have security implications, including impacting non-Docker processes on the host system. If you use --mount to bind-mount a file or directory that does not yet exist on the Docker host, Docker does not automatically create it for you, but generates an error.","title":"Bind mounts"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#start-a-container-with-a-bind-mount","text":"Create a bind-data directory in your home directory. cd ~ mkdir -p ~/bind-data Run a container, mounting this directory inside the container, and the container should create some data in there. docker run --mount type = bind,source = \" $( pwd ) \" /bind-data,target = /data alpine sh -c 'env >> /data/container-env.txt' Check that the output looks right. cat ~/bind-data/container-env.txt","title":"Start a container with a bind mount"},{"location":"docker/advanced/#use-a-read-only-bind-mount","text":"For some development applications, the container needs to write into the bind mount, so changes are propagated back to the Docker host. At other times, the container only needs read access. This example modifies the one above but mounts the directory as a read-only bind mount, by adding ro to the (empty by default) list of options, after the mount point within the container. Where multiple options are present, separate them by commas. docker run --mount type = bind,source = \" $( pwd ) \" /bind-data,target = /data,readonly alpine sh -c 'ls -al /data/ && env >> /data/container-env.txt' You should see an error message about not being able to write to a read-only file system. sh: can ' t create /data/container-env.txt: Read-only file system","title":"Use a read-only bind mount"},{"location":"docker/build/","text":"Building Docker Images \u00b6 Now that we are relatively comfortable with running Docker, we can look at some advanced Docker topics, such as: Building our own Docker images from the Dockerfile Modify an existing Dockerfile and create a new image Push an image to a Registry Requirements \u00b6 Clone our example repository with pre-written Dockerfiles From your CodeSpace, we are going to copy a second GitHub repository onto our VM. If you are working locally, make sure that you change directories away from any other Git repository that you may have been working in. $ cd /workspaces $ git clone https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker $ cd intro2docker/ Writing a Dockerfile \u00b6 Important Dockerfile must be capitalized. It does not have a file extension. Create a file called Dockerfile , and add content to it as described below, e.g. $ touch Dockerfile Formatting in the Dockerfile We use a code line escape character \\ to allow single line scripts to be written on multiple lines in the Dockerfile. We also use the double characters && which essentially mean \u201cif true, then do this\u201d while executing the code. The && can come at the beginning of a line or the end when used with \\ . The Dockerfile contains Instructions : a series of commands that Docker executes during the creation and execution of a container. ARG \u00b6 The only command that can come before a FROM statement is ARG ARG can be used to set arguments for later in the build, e.g., ARG VERSION=latest FROM ubuntu:$VERSION FROM \u00b6 A valid Dockerfile must start with a FROM statement which initializes a new build stage and sets the base image for subsequent layers. We\u2019ll start by specifying our base image, using the FROM statement FROM ubuntu:latest If you are building on an arm64 or Windows system you can also give the optional --platform flag, e.g., FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ubuntu:latest When to use a multi-stage build pattern? Docker has the ability to build container images from one image, and run that \"builder\" image from a second \"base\" image, in what is called a \"builder pattern\". Build patterns are useful if you're compiling code from (proprietary) source code and only want to feature the binary code as an executed function in the container at run time. Build patterns can greatly reduce the size of your container. You can use multiple FROM commands as build stages. The AS statement follows the image:tag as a psuedo argument. # build stage FROM golang:latest AS build-env WORKDIR /go/src/app ADD . /go/src/app RUN go mod init RUN cd /go/src/app && go build -o hello # final stage FROM alpine:latest WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /go/src/app /app/ ENTRYPOINT ./hello LABEL \u00b6 You can create labels which are then tagged as JSON metadata to the image LABEL author=\"your-name\" LABEL email=\"your@email-address\" LABEL version=\"v1.0\" LABEL description=\"This is your first Dockerfile\" LABEL date_created=\"2022-05-13\" You can also add labels to a container when it is run: $ docker run --label description=\"this label came later\" ubuntu:latest $ docker ps -a $ docker inspect ### RUN \u00b6 Different than the docker run command is the RUN build function. RUN is used to create new layers atop the \"base image\" Here, we are going to install some games and programs into our base image: RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y fortune cowsay lolcat Here we've installed fortune cowsay and lolcat as new programs into our base image. Best practices for building new layers Ever time you use the RUN command it is a good idea to use the apt-get update or apt update command to make sure your layer is up-to-date. This can become a problem though if you have a very large container with a large number of RUN layers. ENV \u00b6 In our new container, we need to change and update some of the environment flags. We can do this using the ENV command ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH} ENV LC_ALL=C Here we are adding the /usr/games directory to the PATH so that when we run the new container it will find our newly installed game commands We are also updating the \" locales \" to set the language of the container. COPY \u00b6 The COPY command will copy files from the directory where Dockerfile is kept into the new image. You must specify where to copy the files or directories COPY . /app When to use COPY vs ADD COPY is more basic and is good for files ADD has some extra features like .tar extraction and URL support CMD \u00b6 The CMD command is used to run software in your image. In general use the [\"command\"] syntax: CMD [\"executable\", \"parameter1\", \"parameter2\"] ENTRYPOINT \u00b6 ENTRYPOINT works similarly to CMD but is designed to allow you to run your container as an executable. ENTRYPOINT fortune | cowsay | lolcat The default ENTRYPOINT of most images is /bin/sh -c which executes a shell command. ENTRYPOINT supports both the ENTRYPOINT [\"command\"] syntax and the ENTRYPOINT command syntax What is the difference in the ENTRYPOINT and CMD The CMD instruction is used to define what is execute when the container is run. The ENTRYPOINT instruction cannot be overridden, instead it is appended to when a new command is given to the docker run container:tag new-cmd statement the executable is defined with ENTRYPOINT, while CMD specifies the default parameter USER \u00b6 Most containers are run as root meaning that they have super-user privileges within themselves Typically, a new user is necessary in a container that is used interactively or may be run on a remote system. During the build of the container, you can create a new user with the adduser command and set up a /home/ directory for them. This new user would have something like 1000:1000 uid:gid permissions without sudo privileges. As a last step, the container is run as the new USER , e.g., ARG VERSION=18.04 FROM ubuntu:$VERSION RUN useradd ubuntu && \\ chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu USER ubuntu EXPOSE \u00b6 You can open ports using the EXPOSE command. EXPOSE 8888 The above command will expose port 8888. Note Running multiple containers using the same port is not trivial and would require the usage of a web server such as NGINX . However, you can have multiple containers interact with each other using Docker Compose . Summary of Instructions \u00b6 Instruction Command Description ARG Sets environmental variables during image building FROM Instructs to use a specific Docker image LABEL Adds metadata to the image RUN Executes a specific command ENV Sets environmental variables COPY Copies a file from a specified location to the image CMD Sets a command to be executed when running a container ENTRYPOINT Configures and run a container as an executable USER Used to set User specific information EXPOSE exposes a specific port","title":"Building Docker Containers"},{"location":"docker/build/#building-docker-images","text":"Now that we are relatively comfortable with running Docker, we can look at some advanced Docker topics, such as: Building our own Docker images from the Dockerfile Modify an existing Dockerfile and create a new image Push an image to a Registry","title":"Building Docker Images"},{"location":"docker/build/#requirements","text":"Clone our example repository with pre-written Dockerfiles From your CodeSpace, we are going to copy a second GitHub repository onto our VM. If you are working locally, make sure that you change directories away from any other Git repository that you may have been working in. $ cd /workspaces $ git clone https://github.com/cyverse-education/intro2docker $ cd intro2docker/","title":"Requirements"},{"location":"docker/build/#writing-a-dockerfile","text":"Important Dockerfile must be capitalized. It does not have a file extension. Create a file called Dockerfile , and add content to it as described below, e.g. $ touch Dockerfile Formatting in the Dockerfile We use a code line escape character \\ to allow single line scripts to be written on multiple lines in the Dockerfile. We also use the double characters && which essentially mean \u201cif true, then do this\u201d while executing the code. The && can come at the beginning of a line or the end when used with \\ . The Dockerfile contains Instructions : a series of commands that Docker executes during the creation and execution of a container.","title":"Writing a Dockerfile"},{"location":"docker/build/#arg","text":"The only command that can come before a FROM statement is ARG ARG can be used to set arguments for later in the build, e.g., ARG VERSION=latest FROM ubuntu:$VERSION","title":"ARG"},{"location":"docker/build/#from","text":"A valid Dockerfile must start with a FROM statement which initializes a new build stage and sets the base image for subsequent layers. We\u2019ll start by specifying our base image, using the FROM statement FROM ubuntu:latest If you are building on an arm64 or Windows system you can also give the optional --platform flag, e.g., FROM --platform=linux/amd64 ubuntu:latest When to use a multi-stage build pattern? Docker has the ability to build container images from one image, and run that \"builder\" image from a second \"base\" image, in what is called a \"builder pattern\". Build patterns are useful if you're compiling code from (proprietary) source code and only want to feature the binary code as an executed function in the container at run time. Build patterns can greatly reduce the size of your container. You can use multiple FROM commands as build stages. The AS statement follows the image:tag as a psuedo argument. # build stage FROM golang:latest AS build-env WORKDIR /go/src/app ADD . /go/src/app RUN go mod init RUN cd /go/src/app && go build -o hello # final stage FROM alpine:latest WORKDIR /app COPY --from=build-env /go/src/app /app/ ENTRYPOINT ./hello","title":"FROM"},{"location":"docker/build/#label","text":"You can create labels which are then tagged as JSON metadata to the image LABEL author=\"your-name\" LABEL email=\"your@email-address\" LABEL version=\"v1.0\" LABEL description=\"This is your first Dockerfile\" LABEL date_created=\"2022-05-13\" You can also add labels to a container when it is run: $ docker run --label description=\"this label came later\" ubuntu:latest $ docker ps -a $ docker inspect ###","title":"LABEL"},{"location":"docker/build/#run","text":"Different than the docker run command is the RUN build function. RUN is used to create new layers atop the \"base image\" Here, we are going to install some games and programs into our base image: RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y fortune cowsay lolcat Here we've installed fortune cowsay and lolcat as new programs into our base image. Best practices for building new layers Ever time you use the RUN command it is a good idea to use the apt-get update or apt update command to make sure your layer is up-to-date. This can become a problem though if you have a very large container with a large number of RUN layers.","title":"RUN"},{"location":"docker/build/#env","text":"In our new container, we need to change and update some of the environment flags. We can do this using the ENV command ENV PATH=/usr/games:${PATH} ENV LC_ALL=C Here we are adding the /usr/games directory to the PATH so that when we run the new container it will find our newly installed game commands We are also updating the \" locales \" to set the language of the container.","title":"ENV"},{"location":"docker/build/#copy","text":"The COPY command will copy files from the directory where Dockerfile is kept into the new image. You must specify where to copy the files or directories COPY . /app When to use COPY vs ADD COPY is more basic and is good for files ADD has some extra features like .tar extraction and URL support","title":"COPY"},{"location":"docker/build/#cmd","text":"The CMD command is used to run software in your image. In general use the [\"command\"] syntax: CMD [\"executable\", \"parameter1\", \"parameter2\"]","title":"CMD"},{"location":"docker/build/#entrypoint","text":"ENTRYPOINT works similarly to CMD but is designed to allow you to run your container as an executable. ENTRYPOINT fortune | cowsay | lolcat The default ENTRYPOINT of most images is /bin/sh -c which executes a shell command. ENTRYPOINT supports both the ENTRYPOINT [\"command\"] syntax and the ENTRYPOINT command syntax What is the difference in the ENTRYPOINT and CMD The CMD instruction is used to define what is execute when the container is run. The ENTRYPOINT instruction cannot be overridden, instead it is appended to when a new command is given to the docker run container:tag new-cmd statement the executable is defined with ENTRYPOINT, while CMD specifies the default parameter","title":"ENTRYPOINT"},{"location":"docker/build/#user","text":"Most containers are run as root meaning that they have super-user privileges within themselves Typically, a new user is necessary in a container that is used interactively or may be run on a remote system. During the build of the container, you can create a new user with the adduser command and set up a /home/ directory for them. This new user would have something like 1000:1000 uid:gid permissions without sudo privileges. As a last step, the container is run as the new USER , e.g., ARG VERSION=18.04 FROM ubuntu:$VERSION RUN useradd ubuntu && \\ chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu USER ubuntu","title":"USER"},{"location":"docker/build/#expose","text":"You can open ports using the EXPOSE command. EXPOSE 8888 The above command will expose port 8888. Note Running multiple containers using the same port is not trivial and would require the usage of a web server such as NGINX . However, you can have multiple containers interact with each other using Docker Compose .","title":"EXPOSE"},{"location":"docker/build/#summary-of-instructions","text":"Instruction Command Description ARG Sets environmental variables during image building FROM Instructs to use a specific Docker image LABEL Adds metadata to the image RUN Executes a specific command ENV Sets environmental variables COPY Copies a file from a specified location to the image CMD Sets a command to be executed when running a container ENTRYPOINT Configures and run a container as an executable USER Used to set User specific information EXPOSE exposes a specific port","title":"Summary of Instructions"},{"location":"docker/compose/","text":"Running multi-container Applications with Docker Compose \u00b6 Docker Compose is an extension of Docker which allows you to run multiple containers synchronously and in communication with one another. Compose allows you to define and run a multi-container service using a Dockerfile and a docker-compose.yml . Note Docker for Mac and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so Mac users do not need to install Compose separately. Docker for Windows and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so most Windows users do not need to install Compose separately. For Linux users sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose- ` uname -s ` - ` uname -m ` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose Main advantages of Docker compose include: Your applications can be defined in a YAML file where all the same options required in docker run are now defined (reproducibility). It allows you to manage your application(s) as a single entity rather than dealing with starting individual containers (simplicity). Note For the sake of this example, either create your own Dockerfile or use the same Jupyter SciPy Notebook as in the Advanced Section Creating a docker-compose.yml \u00b6 Let's now create a Docker Compose .yml that calls Jupyter Notebook and RStudio 1. Create a folder shared_data in your current directory: mkdir shared_data 2. Create an empty docker-compose.yml file (e.g., touch docker-compose.yml) and paste the following lines version: \"3\" # All available services services: # Computation jupyter: container_name: \"jupyter_notebook\" image: \"jupyter/minimal-notebook\" restart: \"always\" environment: - JUPYTER_TOKEN=mytoken user: root volumes: - ./data:/home/jovyan/work/ ports: - 8888:8888 rstudio: container_name: \"rstudio\" image: \"rocker/rstudio\" restart: \"always\" environment: - DISABLE_AUTH=true volumes: - ./data:/home/rstudio ports: - 8787:8787 3. Run both Jupyter Lab and RStudio using docker-compose up instead of docker run . Note Handling containers with Docker Compose is fairly simple docker-compose up attaches the volumes, opens ports, and starts the container docker-compose down destroys the container A brief explanation of docker-compose.yml is as below: The web service builds from the Dockerfile in the current directory. Forwards the container's exposed port to port 8888 on the host. Mounts the project directory on the host to /work or /rstudio inside the container (allowing you to modify code without having to rebuild the image). restart: always means that it will restart whenever it fails. Running, shutting down, restarting docker-compose \u00b6 Run the containers with $ docker-compose up -d To stop running a running docker-compose session, either press CTRL + C or use the command: docker-compose down The above command removes containers, networks, volumes and images created by docker-container up . To restart a container, use the command docker-compose restart restart will restart the docker-compose service without taking into account changes one may have made to the yml or environment. Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM \u00b6 Warning For the purpose of these following examples it is not suggested to use GitHub Codespaces. Web Open Drone Map (WebODM) OpenDroneMap is an open source photogrammetry toolkit to process aerial imagery into maps and 3D models running on command line. WebODM (Web OpenDroneMap) is an extension of ODM running on multiple Docker Containers provinding a user friendly web interface for easy visualization. To use WebODM: Prerequisites WebODM requires docker , docker-compose to function. Additionally, if you are on Windows, users will be required to have the Docker Windows Application installed as well as having the WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) operational. Ensure your machine is up to date: sudo apt-get update Clone the WebODM repository: git clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM --config core.autocrlf=input --depth 1 Move into the WebODM folder: cd WebODM Run WebODM: sudo ./webodm.sh start The necessary docker images will be downloaded (~2 minutes) and WebODM will be accessible through http://localhost:8000/ Note You will be asked to create an account as a formality. Add any username and a password and select Create Account . 6. Download example data: clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/odm_data_aukerman.git . This git repository contains 77 HD images usable for WebODM. For other examples refer to ODMData . 7. In the WebODM portal, click on Select Images and GCP , navigate to odm_data_aukerman/images and select between 20-50 images (16 is the absolute minimum, whilst 32 is the suggested minimum). 8. WebODM will process the uploaded images (~5-10 minutes); upon completion, click View Map . 9. A map will open; you can click on 3D (bottom right) to see the 3D rendered model generated.","title":"Running multi-container Applications"},{"location":"docker/compose/#running-multi-container-applications-with-docker-compose","text":"Docker Compose is an extension of Docker which allows you to run multiple containers synchronously and in communication with one another. Compose allows you to define and run a multi-container service using a Dockerfile and a docker-compose.yml . Note Docker for Mac and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so Mac users do not need to install Compose separately. Docker for Windows and Docker Toolbox already include Compose along with other Docker apps, so most Windows users do not need to install Compose separately. For Linux users sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.25.4/docker-compose- ` uname -s ` - ` uname -m ` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose Main advantages of Docker compose include: Your applications can be defined in a YAML file where all the same options required in docker run are now defined (reproducibility). It allows you to manage your application(s) as a single entity rather than dealing with starting individual containers (simplicity). Note For the sake of this example, either create your own Dockerfile or use the same Jupyter SciPy Notebook as in the Advanced Section","title":"Running multi-container Applications with Docker Compose"},{"location":"docker/compose/#creating-a-docker-composeyml","text":"Let's now create a Docker Compose .yml that calls Jupyter Notebook and RStudio 1. Create a folder shared_data in your current directory: mkdir shared_data 2. Create an empty docker-compose.yml file (e.g., touch docker-compose.yml) and paste the following lines version: \"3\" # All available services services: # Computation jupyter: container_name: \"jupyter_notebook\" image: \"jupyter/minimal-notebook\" restart: \"always\" environment: - JUPYTER_TOKEN=mytoken user: root volumes: - ./data:/home/jovyan/work/ ports: - 8888:8888 rstudio: container_name: \"rstudio\" image: \"rocker/rstudio\" restart: \"always\" environment: - DISABLE_AUTH=true volumes: - ./data:/home/rstudio ports: - 8787:8787 3. Run both Jupyter Lab and RStudio using docker-compose up instead of docker run . Note Handling containers with Docker Compose is fairly simple docker-compose up attaches the volumes, opens ports, and starts the container docker-compose down destroys the container A brief explanation of docker-compose.yml is as below: The web service builds from the Dockerfile in the current directory. Forwards the container's exposed port to port 8888 on the host. Mounts the project directory on the host to /work or /rstudio inside the container (allowing you to modify code without having to rebuild the image). restart: always means that it will restart whenever it fails.","title":"Creating a docker-compose.yml"},{"location":"docker/compose/#running-shutting-down-restarting-docker-compose","text":"Run the containers with $ docker-compose up -d To stop running a running docker-compose session, either press CTRL + C or use the command: docker-compose down The above command removes containers, networks, volumes and images created by docker-container up . To restart a container, use the command docker-compose restart restart will restart the docker-compose service without taking into account changes one may have made to the yml or environment.","title":"Running, shutting down, restarting docker-compose"},{"location":"docker/compose/#example-using-docker-compose-webodm","text":"Warning For the purpose of these following examples it is not suggested to use GitHub Codespaces. Web Open Drone Map (WebODM) OpenDroneMap is an open source photogrammetry toolkit to process aerial imagery into maps and 3D models running on command line. WebODM (Web OpenDroneMap) is an extension of ODM running on multiple Docker Containers provinding a user friendly web interface for easy visualization. To use WebODM: Prerequisites WebODM requires docker , docker-compose to function. Additionally, if you are on Windows, users will be required to have the Docker Windows Application installed as well as having the WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) operational. Ensure your machine is up to date: sudo apt-get update Clone the WebODM repository: git clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/WebODM --config core.autocrlf=input --depth 1 Move into the WebODM folder: cd WebODM Run WebODM: sudo ./webodm.sh start The necessary docker images will be downloaded (~2 minutes) and WebODM will be accessible through http://localhost:8000/ Note You will be asked to create an account as a formality. Add any username and a password and select Create Account . 6. Download example data: clone https://github.com/OpenDroneMap/odm_data_aukerman.git . This git repository contains 77 HD images usable for WebODM. For other examples refer to ODMData . 7. In the WebODM portal, click on Select Images and GCP , navigate to odm_data_aukerman/images and select between 20-50 images (16 is the absolute minimum, whilst 32 is the suggested minimum). 8. WebODM will process the uploaded images (~5-10 minutes); upon completion, click View Map . 9. A map will open; you can click on 3D (bottom right) to see the 3D rendered model generated.","title":"Example using Docker-Compose: WebODM"},{"location":"docker/intro/","text":"Introduction to Docker \u00b6 Prerequisites \u00b6 In order to complete these exercises we STRONGLY recommend that you set up a personal GitHub and DockerHub account (account creation for both services is free). There are no specific skills needed for this tutorial beyond elementary command line ability and using a text editor. We are going to be using GitHub CodeSpaces for the hands on portion of the workshop, which features VS Code as a fully enabled development environment with Docker already installed. CodeSpaces is a featured product from GitHub and requires a paid subscription or Academic account for access. Your account will temporarily be integrated with the course GitHub Organization for the next steps in the workshop. Our instructions on starting a new CodeSpace are here . Installing Docker on your personal computer We are going to be using virtual machines on the cloud for this course, and we will explain why this is a good thing, but there may be a time when you want to run Docker on your own computer. Installing Docker takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup. Installation instructions from Docker Official Docs for common OS and chip architectures: Mac OS X Windows Ubuntu Linux Never used a terminal before? That is OK! (This person never used a terminal until after their terminal degree, and now they actually PREFER to work in it for writing code) Don't be afraid or ashamed, but be ready to learn some new skills -- we promise it will be worth your while and even FUN! Before venturing much further, you should review the Software Carpentry lessons on \"The Unix Shell\" and \"Version Control with Git\" -- these are great introductory lessons related to the skills we're teaching here. You've given up on ever using a terminal? No problem, Docker can be used from graphic interfaces, like Docker Desktop , or platforms like Portainer . We suggest you read through their documentation on how to use Docker. Fundamental Docker Commands \u00b6 Docker commands in the terminal use the prefix docker . Note For every command listed, the correct execution of the commands through the command line is by using docker in front of the command: for example docker help or docker search . Thus, every = docker . help \u00b6 Like many other command line applications the most helpful flag is the help command which can be used with the Management Commands: $ docker $ docker --help search \u00b6 We talk about the concept of Docker Registries in the next section, but you can search the public list of registeries by using the docker search command to find public containers on the Official Docker Hub Registry : $ docker search pull \u00b6 Go to the Docker Hub and type hello-world in the search bar at the top of the page. Click on the 'tag' tab to see all the available 'hello-world' images. Click the 'copy' icon at the right to copy the docker pull command, or type it into your terminal: $ docker pull hello-world Note If you leave off the : and the tag name, it will by default pull the latest image $ docker pull hello-world Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/hello-world 2db29710123e: Pull complete Digest: sha256:bfea6278a0a267fad2634554f4f0c6f31981eea41c553fdf5a83e95a41d40c38 Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest docker.io/library/hello-world:latest Now try to list the files in your current working directory: $ ls -l Where is the image you just pulled? Docker saves container images to the Docker directory (where Docker is installed). You won't ever see them in your working directory. Use 'docker images' to see all the images on your computer: $ docker images adding yourself to the Docker group on Linux Depending on how and where you've installed Docker, you may see a permission denied error after running $ docker run helo-world command. If you're on Linux, you may need to prefix your Docker commands with sudo . Alternatively to run docker command without sudo , you need to add your user name (who has root privileges) to the docker \"group\". Create the docker group: $ sudo groupadd docker Add your user to the docker group:: $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER Log out or close terminal and log back in and your group membership will be initiated run \u00b6 The single most common command that you'll use with Docker is docker run ( see official help manual for more details). docker run starts a container and executes the default \"entrypoint\", or any other \"command\" that follows run and any optional flags. What is an entrypoint ? An entrypoint is the initial command(s) executed upon starting the Docker container. It is listed in the Dockerfile as ENTRYPOINT and can take 2 forms: as commands followed by parameters ( ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2 ) or as an executable ( ENTRYPOINT [\u201cexecutable\u201d, \u201cparam1\u201d, \u201cparam2\u201d] ) $ docker run hello-world:latest In the demo above, you used the docker pull command to download the hello-world:latest image. What about if you run a container that you haven't downloaded? $ docker run alpine:latest ls -l When you executed the command docker run alpine:latest , Docker first looked for the cached image locally, but did not find it, it then ran a docker pull behind the scenes to download the alpine:latest image and then execute your command. When you ran docker run alpine:latest , you provided a command ls -l , so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing of the Alpine file system (not your host system, this was insice the container!). images \u00b6 You can now use the docker images command to see a list of all the cached images on your system: $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE alpine latest c51f86c28340 4 weeks ago 1.109 MB hello-world latest 690ed74de00f 5 months ago 960 B Inspecting your containers To find out more about a Docker images, run docker inspect hello-world:latest ps \u00b6 Now it's time to see the docker ps command which shows you all containers that are currently running on your machine. docker ps Since no containers are running, you see a blank line. $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES Let's try a more useful variant: docker ps --all $ docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a5eab9243a15 hello-world \"/hello\" 5 seconds ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago loving_mcnulty 3bb4e26d2e0c alpine:latest \"/bin/sh\" 17 seconds ago Exited (0) 16 seconds ago objective_meninsky 192ffdf0cbae opensearchproject/opensearch-dashboards:latest \"./opensearch-dashbo\u2026\" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago opensearch-dashboards a10d47d3b6de opensearchproject/opensearch:latest \"./opensearch-docker\u2026\" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago opensearch-node1 What you see above is a list of all containers that you have run. Notice that the STATUS column shows the current condition of the container: running, or as shown in the example, when the container was exited. stop \u00b6 The stop command is used for containers that are actively running, either as a foreground process or as a detached background one. You can find a running container using the docker ps command. rm \u00b6 You can remove individual stopped containers by using the rm command. Use the ps command to see all your stopped contiainers: @user \u279c /workspaces $ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03542eaac9dc hello-world \"/hello\" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago unruffled_nobel Use the first few unique alphanumerics in the CONTAINER ID to remove the stopped container: @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker rm 0354 0354 Check to see that the container is gone using ps -a a second time ( -a is shorthand for --all ; the full command is docker ps -a or docker ps --all ). rmi \u00b6 The rmi command is similar to rm but it will remove the cached images. Used in combination with docker images or docker system df you can clean up a full cache docker rmi @user \u279c /workspaces/ (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE opendronemap/webodm_webapp latest e075d13aaf35 21 hours ago 1.62GB redis latest a10f849e1540 5 days ago 117MB opendronemap/nodeodm latest b4c50165f838 6 days ago 1.77GB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 7 months ago 13.3kB opendronemap/webodm_db latest e40c0f274bba 8 months ago 695MB @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker rmi hello-world Untagged: hello-world:latest Untagged: hello-world@sha256:10d7d58d5ebd2a652f4d93fdd86da8f265f5318c6a73cc5b6a9798ff6d2b2e67 Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412 Deleted: sha256:e07ee1baac5fae6a26f30cabfe54a36d3402f96afda318fe0a96cec4ca393359 @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $ system \u00b6 The system command can be used to view information about containers on your cache, you can view your total disk usage, view events or info. You can also use it to prune unused data and image layers. To remove all cached layers, images, and data you can use the -af flag for all and force docker system prune -af tag \u00b6 By default an image will recieve the tag latest when it is not specified during the docker build Image names and tags can be created or changed using the docker tag command. docker tag imagename:oldtag imagename:newtag You can also change the registry name used in the tag: docker tag docker.io/username/imagename:oldtag harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag The cached image laters will not change their sha256 and both image tags will still be present after the new tag name is generated. push \u00b6 By default docker push will upload your local container image to the Docker Hub We will cover push in more detail at the end of Day 2, but the essential functionality is the same as pull. Also, make sure that your container has the appropriate tag First, make sure to log into the Docker Hub, this will allow you to download private limages, to upload private/public images: docker login Alternately, you can link GitHub / GitLab accounts to the Docker Hub. To push the image to the Docker Hub: docker push username/imagename:tag or docker push docker.io/username/imagename:tag or, to a private registry, here we push to CyVerse private harbor.cyverse.org registry which uses \"project\" sub folders: docker push harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag Commands & Entrypoints \u00b6 We will cover the differences in CMD and ENTRYPOINT on Day 2 when we build our own images, but it is important to understand that a container can have a command appended to the docker run function. When a image has no commands or entrypoints specified in its Dockerfile, it will default to running a /bin/sh syntax. In those cases, you can add a command when the congtainer is run: $ docker run alpine echo \"Hello world\" the Docker client dutifully ran the echo command in our alpine container and then exited. If you've noticed, all of that happened pretty quickly. Imagine booting up a virtual machine, running a command and then killing it. Now you know why they say containers are fast! Interactive Commands with Containers \u00b6 Lets try another command, this time to access the container as a shell: $ docker run alpine:latest sh Wait, nothing happened, right? Is that a bug? Well, no. The container will exit after running any scripted commands such as sh , unless they are run in an \"interactive\" terminal (TTY) - so for this example to not exit, you need to add the -i for interactive and -t for TTY. You can run them both in a single flag as -it , which is the more common way of adding the flag: $ docker run -it alpine:latest sh The prompt should change to something more like / # . You are now running a shell inside the container! Try out a few commands like ls -l , uname -a and others. Exit out of the container by giving the exit command. / # exit Making sure you've exited the container If you type exit your container will exit and is no longer active. To check that, try the following: $ docker ps --latest CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES de4bbc3eeaec alpine \"/bin/sh\" 3 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago pensive_leavitt If you want to keep the container active, then you can use keys ctrl +p ctrl +q . To make sure that it is not exited run the same docker ps --latest command again: $ docker ps --latest CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0db38ea51a48 alpine \"sh\" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes elastic_lewin Now if you want to get back into that container, then you can type docker attach <container id> . This way you can save your container: $ docker attach 0db38ea51a48 House Keeping and Cleaning Up Exited Containers \u00b6 Managing Docker Images \u00b6 In the previous example, you pulled the alpine image from the registry and asked the Docker client to run a container based on that image. To see the list of images that are available locally on your system, run the docker images command. $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu bionic 47b19964fb50 4 weeks ago 88.1MB alpine latest caf27325b298 4 weeks ago 5.53MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 months ago 1.84kB Above is a list of images that I've pulled from the registry and those I've created myself (we'll shortly see how). You will have a different list of images on your machine. The TAG refers to a particular snapshot of the image and the ID is the corresponding unique identifier for that image. For simplicity, you can think of an image akin to a Git repository - images can be committed with changes and have multiple versions. When you do not provide a specific version number, the client defaults to latest. Clutter and Cache \u00b6 Docker images are cached on your machine in the location where Docker was installed. These image files are not visible in the same directory where you might have used docker pull <imagename> . Some Docker images can be large. Especially data science images with many scientific programming libraries and packages pre-installed. Checking your system cache Pulling many images from the Docker Registries may fill up your hard disk! To inspect your system and disk use: $ docker system info $ docker system df To find out how many images are on your machine, type: $ docker images To remove images that you no longer need, type: $ docker system prune This is where it becomes important to differentiate between images , containers , and volumes (which we'll get to more in a bit). You can take care of all of the dangling images and containers on your system. Note, that prune will not remove your cached images $ docker system prune WARNING! This will remove: - all stopped containers - all networks not used by at least one container - all dangling images - all dangling build cache Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] If you added the -af flag it will remove \"all\" -a dangling images, empty containers, AND ALL CACHED IMAGES with \"force\" -f . Managing Data in Docker \u00b6 It is possible to store data within the writable layer of a container, but there are some limitations: The data doesn\u2019t persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it. A container\u2019s writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can\u2019t easily move the data somewhere else. Its better to put your data into the container AFTER it is built - this keeps the container size smaller and easier to move across networks. Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host: Volumes tmpfs mounts Bind mounts When in doubt, volumes are almost always the right choice. Volumes \u00b6 Volumes are often a better choice than persisting data in a container\u2019s writable layer, because using a volume does not increase the size of containers using it, and the volume\u2019s contents exist outside the lifecycle of a given container. While bind mounts (which we will see in the Advanced portion of the Camp) are dependent on the directory structure of the host machine, volumes are completely managed by Docker. Volumes have several advantages over bind mounts: Volumes are easier to back up or migrate than bind mounts. You can manage volumes using Docker CLI commands or the Docker API. Volumes work on both UNIX and Windows containers. Volumes can be more safely shared among multiple containers. A new volume\u2019s contents can be pre-populated by a container. When Should I Use the Temporary File System mount? If your container generates non-persistent state data, consider using a tmpfs mount to avoid storing the data anywhere permanently, and to increase the container\u2019s performance by avoiding writing into the container\u2019s writable layer. The data is written to the host's memory instead of a volume; When the container stops, the tmpfs mount is removed, and files written there will not be kept. Choose the -v flag for mounting volumes -v or --volume : Consists of three fields, separated by colon characters (:). The fields must be in the correct order, and the meaning of each field is not immediately obvious. The first field is the path on your local machine that where the data are. The second field is the path where the file or directory are mounted in the container . The third field is optional, and is a comma-separated list of options, such as ro (read only). -v /home/username/your_data_folder:/container_folder $ docker run -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest ls -l /work So what if we wanted to work interactively inside the container? $ docker run -it -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest sh $ ls -l $ ls -l work Once you're in the container, you will see that the /work directory is mounted in the working directory. Any data that you add to that folder outside the container will appear INSIDE the container. And any work you do inside the container saved in that folder will be saved OUTSIDE the container as well. Working with Interactive Containers \u00b6 Let's go ahead and run some Integrated Development Environment images from \"trusted\" organizations on the Docker Hub Registry. Jupyter Lab or RStudio-Server IDE \u00b6 In this section, let's find a Docker image which can run a Jupyter Notebook Search for official images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'jupyter' $ docker search jupyter It should return something like: NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED jupyter/datascience-notebook Jupyter Notebook Data Science Stack from htt\u2026 912 jupyter/all-spark-notebook Jupyter Notebook Python, Scala, R, Spark, Me\u2026 374 jupyter/scipy-notebook Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack fro\u2026 337 jupyterhub/jupyterhub JupyterHub: multi-user Jupyter notebook serv\u2026 307 [OK] jupyter/tensorflow-notebook Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack w/ \u2026 298 jupyter/pyspark-notebook Jupyter Notebook Python, Spark, Mesos Stack \u2026 224 jupyter/base-notebook Small base image for Jupyter Notebook stacks\u2026 168 jupyter/minimal-notebook Minimal Jupyter Notebook Stack from https://\u2026 150 jupyter/r-notebook Jupyter Notebook R Stack from https://github\u2026 44 jupyterhub/singleuser single-user docker images for use with Jupyt\u2026 43 [OK] jupyter/nbviewer Jupyter Notebook Viewer 27 [OK] Search for images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'rstudio' $ docker search rstudio NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED rocker/rstudio RStudio Server image 389 [OK] rstudio/r-base Docker Images for R 24 rocker/rstudio-stable Build RStudio based on a debian:stable (debi\u2026 16 [OK] rstudio/rstudio-server-pro Deprecated Docker images for RStudio Server \u2026 10 rstudio/r-session-complete Images for sessions and jobs in RStudio Serv\u2026 10 rstudio/plumber 6 rstudio/rstudio-connect Default Docker image for RStudio Connect 4 rstudio/r-builder-images-win 3 rstudio/rstudio-workbench Docker Image for RStudio Workbench (formerly\u2026 2 saagie/rstudio RStudio with sparklyr, Saagie's addin and ab\u2026 2 [OK] ibmcom/rstudio-ppc64le Integrated development environment (IDE) for\u2026 2 rstudio/checkrs-tew Test Environment: Web 1 [OK] rstudio/rstudio-package-manager Default Docker image for RStudio Package Man\u2026 1 rstudio/shinyapps-package-dependencies Docker images used to test the install scrip\u2026 1 rstudio/rstudio-workbench-preview 1 Untrusted community images An important thing to note: None of these Jupyter or RStudio images are 'official' Docker images, meaning they could be trojans for spyware, malware, or other nasty warez. Understanding PORTS \u00b6 When we want to run a container that runs on the open internet, we need to add a TCP or UDP port number from which we can access the application in a browser using the machine's IP (Internet Protocol) address or DNS (Domain Name Service) location. To do this, we need to access the container over a separate port address on the machine we're working on. Docker uses the flag --port or -p for short followed by two sets of port numbers. Exposing Ports Docker can in fact expose all ports to a container using the capital -P flag For security purposes, it is generally NEVER a good idea to expose all ports. Typically these numbers can be the same, but in some cases your machine may already be running another program (or container) on that open port. The port has two sides left:right separated by a colon. The left side port number is the INTERNAL port that the container software thinks its using. The right side number is the EXTERNAL port that you can access on your computer (or virtual machine). Here are some examples to run basic RStudio and Jupyter Lab: $ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2022 rocker/rstudio note: on CodeSpaces, the reverse proxy for the DNS requires you to turn off authentication $ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true rocker/rstudio $ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook Preempting stale containers from your cache We've added the --rm flag, which means the container will automatically removed from the cache when the container is exited. When you start an IDE in a terminal, the terminal connection must stay active to keep the container alive. Detaching your container while it is running \u00b6 If we want to keep our window in the foreground we can use the -d - the detached flag will run the container as a background process, rather than in the foreground. When you run a container with this flag, it will start, run, telling you the container ID: $ docker run --rm -d -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook Note, that your terminal is still active and you can use it to launch more containers. To view the running container, use the docker ps command. Docker Commands \u00b6 Here is a compiled list of fundamental Docker Commands: Command Usage Example pull Downloads an image from Docker Hub docker pull hello-world:latest run runs a container with entrypoint docker run -it user/image:tag build Builds a docker image from a Dockerfile in current working directory docker build -t user/image:tag . images List all images on the local machine docker images list tag Adds a different tag name to an image docker tag hello-world:latest hello-world:new-tag-name login Authenticate to the Docker Hub (requires username and password) docker login push Upload your new image to the Docker Hub docker push user/image:tag inspect Provide detailed information on constructs controlled by Docker docker inspect containerID ps List all containers on your system docker ps -a rm Delete a stopped or running container docker rm -f <container ID> rmi Delete an image from your cache docker rmi hello-world:latest stop Stop a running container docker stop alpine:latest system View system details, remove old images and containers with prune docker system prune push Uploads an image to the Docker Hub (or other private registry) docker push username/image:tag","title":"Introduction to Docker"},{"location":"docker/intro/#introduction-to-docker","text":"","title":"Introduction to Docker "},{"location":"docker/intro/#prerequisites","text":"In order to complete these exercises we STRONGLY recommend that you set up a personal GitHub and DockerHub account (account creation for both services is free). There are no specific skills needed for this tutorial beyond elementary command line ability and using a text editor. We are going to be using GitHub CodeSpaces for the hands on portion of the workshop, which features VS Code as a fully enabled development environment with Docker already installed. CodeSpaces is a featured product from GitHub and requires a paid subscription or Academic account for access. Your account will temporarily be integrated with the course GitHub Organization for the next steps in the workshop. Our instructions on starting a new CodeSpace are here . Installing Docker on your personal computer We are going to be using virtual machines on the cloud for this course, and we will explain why this is a good thing, but there may be a time when you want to run Docker on your own computer. Installing Docker takes a little time but it is reasonably straight forward and it is a one-time setup. Installation instructions from Docker Official Docs for common OS and chip architectures: Mac OS X Windows Ubuntu Linux Never used a terminal before? That is OK! (This person never used a terminal until after their terminal degree, and now they actually PREFER to work in it for writing code) Don't be afraid or ashamed, but be ready to learn some new skills -- we promise it will be worth your while and even FUN! Before venturing much further, you should review the Software Carpentry lessons on \"The Unix Shell\" and \"Version Control with Git\" -- these are great introductory lessons related to the skills we're teaching here. You've given up on ever using a terminal? No problem, Docker can be used from graphic interfaces, like Docker Desktop , or platforms like Portainer . We suggest you read through their documentation on how to use Docker.","title":"Prerequisites"},{"location":"docker/intro/#fundamental-docker-commands","text":"Docker commands in the terminal use the prefix docker . Note For every command listed, the correct execution of the commands through the command line is by using docker in front of the command: for example docker help or docker search . Thus, every = docker .","title":"Fundamental Docker Commands "},{"location":"docker/intro/#help","text":"Like many other command line applications the most helpful flag is the help command which can be used with the Management Commands: $ docker $ docker --help","title":" help"},{"location":"docker/intro/#search","text":"We talk about the concept of Docker Registries in the next section, but you can search the public list of registeries by using the docker search command to find public containers on the Official Docker Hub Registry : $ docker search","title":" search"},{"location":"docker/intro/#pull","text":"Go to the Docker Hub and type hello-world in the search bar at the top of the page. Click on the 'tag' tab to see all the available 'hello-world' images. Click the 'copy' icon at the right to copy the docker pull command, or type it into your terminal: $ docker pull hello-world Note If you leave off the : and the tag name, it will by default pull the latest image $ docker pull hello-world Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/hello-world 2db29710123e: Pull complete Digest: sha256:bfea6278a0a267fad2634554f4f0c6f31981eea41c553fdf5a83e95a41d40c38 Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest docker.io/library/hello-world:latest Now try to list the files in your current working directory: $ ls -l Where is the image you just pulled? Docker saves container images to the Docker directory (where Docker is installed). You won't ever see them in your working directory. Use 'docker images' to see all the images on your computer: $ docker images adding yourself to the Docker group on Linux Depending on how and where you've installed Docker, you may see a permission denied error after running $ docker run helo-world command. If you're on Linux, you may need to prefix your Docker commands with sudo . Alternatively to run docker command without sudo , you need to add your user name (who has root privileges) to the docker \"group\". Create the docker group: $ sudo groupadd docker Add your user to the docker group:: $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER Log out or close terminal and log back in and your group membership will be initiated","title":" pull"},{"location":"docker/intro/#run","text":"The single most common command that you'll use with Docker is docker run ( see official help manual for more details). docker run starts a container and executes the default \"entrypoint\", or any other \"command\" that follows run and any optional flags. What is an entrypoint ? An entrypoint is the initial command(s) executed upon starting the Docker container. It is listed in the Dockerfile as ENTRYPOINT and can take 2 forms: as commands followed by parameters ( ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2 ) or as an executable ( ENTRYPOINT [\u201cexecutable\u201d, \u201cparam1\u201d, \u201cparam2\u201d] ) $ docker run hello-world:latest In the demo above, you used the docker pull command to download the hello-world:latest image. What about if you run a container that you haven't downloaded? $ docker run alpine:latest ls -l When you executed the command docker run alpine:latest , Docker first looked for the cached image locally, but did not find it, it then ran a docker pull behind the scenes to download the alpine:latest image and then execute your command. When you ran docker run alpine:latest , you provided a command ls -l , so Docker started the command specified and you saw the listing of the Alpine file system (not your host system, this was insice the container!).","title":" run"},{"location":"docker/intro/#images","text":"You can now use the docker images command to see a list of all the cached images on your system: $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE alpine latest c51f86c28340 4 weeks ago 1.109 MB hello-world latest 690ed74de00f 5 months ago 960 B Inspecting your containers To find out more about a Docker images, run docker inspect hello-world:latest","title":" images"},{"location":"docker/intro/#ps","text":"Now it's time to see the docker ps command which shows you all containers that are currently running on your machine. docker ps Since no containers are running, you see a blank line. $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES Let's try a more useful variant: docker ps --all $ docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a5eab9243a15 hello-world \"/hello\" 5 seconds ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago loving_mcnulty 3bb4e26d2e0c alpine:latest \"/bin/sh\" 17 seconds ago Exited (0) 16 seconds ago objective_meninsky 192ffdf0cbae opensearchproject/opensearch-dashboards:latest \"./opensearch-dashbo\u2026\" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago opensearch-dashboards a10d47d3b6de opensearchproject/opensearch:latest \"./opensearch-docker\u2026\" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago opensearch-node1 What you see above is a list of all containers that you have run. Notice that the STATUS column shows the current condition of the container: running, or as shown in the example, when the container was exited.","title":" ps"},{"location":"docker/intro/#stop","text":"The stop command is used for containers that are actively running, either as a foreground process or as a detached background one. You can find a running container using the docker ps command.","title":" stop"},{"location":"docker/intro/#rm","text":"You can remove individual stopped containers by using the rm command. Use the ps command to see all your stopped contiainers: @user \u279c /workspaces $ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03542eaac9dc hello-world \"/hello\" About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago unruffled_nobel Use the first few unique alphanumerics in the CONTAINER ID to remove the stopped container: @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker rm 0354 0354 Check to see that the container is gone using ps -a a second time ( -a is shorthand for --all ; the full command is docker ps -a or docker ps --all ).","title":" rm"},{"location":"docker/intro/#rmi","text":"The rmi command is similar to rm but it will remove the cached images. Used in combination with docker images or docker system df you can clean up a full cache docker rmi @user \u279c /workspaces/ (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE opendronemap/webodm_webapp latest e075d13aaf35 21 hours ago 1.62GB redis latest a10f849e1540 5 days ago 117MB opendronemap/nodeodm latest b4c50165f838 6 days ago 1.77GB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 7 months ago 13.3kB opendronemap/webodm_db latest e40c0f274bba 8 months ago 695MB @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $ docker rmi hello-world Untagged: hello-world:latest Untagged: hello-world@sha256:10d7d58d5ebd2a652f4d93fdd86da8f265f5318c6a73cc5b6a9798ff6d2b2e67 Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412 Deleted: sha256:e07ee1baac5fae6a26f30cabfe54a36d3402f96afda318fe0a96cec4ca393359 @user \u279c /workspaces (mkdocs \u2717) $","title":" rmi"},{"location":"docker/intro/#system","text":"The system command can be used to view information about containers on your cache, you can view your total disk usage, view events or info. You can also use it to prune unused data and image layers. To remove all cached layers, images, and data you can use the -af flag for all and force docker system prune -af","title":" system"},{"location":"docker/intro/#tag","text":"By default an image will recieve the tag latest when it is not specified during the docker build Image names and tags can be created or changed using the docker tag command. docker tag imagename:oldtag imagename:newtag You can also change the registry name used in the tag: docker tag docker.io/username/imagename:oldtag harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag The cached image laters will not change their sha256 and both image tags will still be present after the new tag name is generated.","title":" tag"},{"location":"docker/intro/#push","text":"By default docker push will upload your local container image to the Docker Hub We will cover push in more detail at the end of Day 2, but the essential functionality is the same as pull. Also, make sure that your container has the appropriate tag First, make sure to log into the Docker Hub, this will allow you to download private limages, to upload private/public images: docker login Alternately, you can link GitHub / GitLab accounts to the Docker Hub. To push the image to the Docker Hub: docker push username/imagename:tag or docker push docker.io/username/imagename:tag or, to a private registry, here we push to CyVerse private harbor.cyverse.org registry which uses \"project\" sub folders: docker push harbor.cyverse.org/project/imagename:newtag","title":" push"},{"location":"docker/intro/#commands-entrypoints","text":"We will cover the differences in CMD and ENTRYPOINT on Day 2 when we build our own images, but it is important to understand that a container can have a command appended to the docker run function. When a image has no commands or entrypoints specified in its Dockerfile, it will default to running a /bin/sh syntax. In those cases, you can add a command when the congtainer is run: $ docker run alpine echo \"Hello world\" the Docker client dutifully ran the echo command in our alpine container and then exited. If you've noticed, all of that happened pretty quickly. Imagine booting up a virtual machine, running a command and then killing it. Now you know why they say containers are fast!","title":"Commands &amp; Entrypoints"},{"location":"docker/intro/#interactive-commands-with-containers","text":"Lets try another command, this time to access the container as a shell: $ docker run alpine:latest sh Wait, nothing happened, right? Is that a bug? Well, no. The container will exit after running any scripted commands such as sh , unless they are run in an \"interactive\" terminal (TTY) - so for this example to not exit, you need to add the -i for interactive and -t for TTY. You can run them both in a single flag as -it , which is the more common way of adding the flag: $ docker run -it alpine:latest sh The prompt should change to something more like / # . You are now running a shell inside the container! Try out a few commands like ls -l , uname -a and others. Exit out of the container by giving the exit command. / # exit Making sure you've exited the container If you type exit your container will exit and is no longer active. To check that, try the following: $ docker ps --latest CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES de4bbc3eeaec alpine \"/bin/sh\" 3 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago pensive_leavitt If you want to keep the container active, then you can use keys ctrl +p ctrl +q . To make sure that it is not exited run the same docker ps --latest command again: $ docker ps --latest CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 0db38ea51a48 alpine \"sh\" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes elastic_lewin Now if you want to get back into that container, then you can type docker attach <container id> . This way you can save your container: $ docker attach 0db38ea51a48","title":"Interactive Commands with Containers"},{"location":"docker/intro/#house-keeping-and-cleaning-up-exited-containers","text":"","title":" House Keeping and  Cleaning Up Exited Containers"},{"location":"docker/intro/#managing-docker-images","text":"In the previous example, you pulled the alpine image from the registry and asked the Docker client to run a container based on that image. To see the list of images that are available locally on your system, run the docker images command. $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu bionic 47b19964fb50 4 weeks ago 88.1MB alpine latest caf27325b298 4 weeks ago 5.53MB hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 2 months ago 1.84kB Above is a list of images that I've pulled from the registry and those I've created myself (we'll shortly see how). You will have a different list of images on your machine. The TAG refers to a particular snapshot of the image and the ID is the corresponding unique identifier for that image. For simplicity, you can think of an image akin to a Git repository - images can be committed with changes and have multiple versions. When you do not provide a specific version number, the client defaults to latest.","title":"Managing Docker Images"},{"location":"docker/intro/#clutter-and-cache","text":"Docker images are cached on your machine in the location where Docker was installed. These image files are not visible in the same directory where you might have used docker pull <imagename> . Some Docker images can be large. Especially data science images with many scientific programming libraries and packages pre-installed. Checking your system cache Pulling many images from the Docker Registries may fill up your hard disk! To inspect your system and disk use: $ docker system info $ docker system df To find out how many images are on your machine, type: $ docker images To remove images that you no longer need, type: $ docker system prune This is where it becomes important to differentiate between images , containers , and volumes (which we'll get to more in a bit). You can take care of all of the dangling images and containers on your system. Note, that prune will not remove your cached images $ docker system prune WARNING! This will remove: - all stopped containers - all networks not used by at least one container - all dangling images - all dangling build cache Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] If you added the -af flag it will remove \"all\" -a dangling images, empty containers, AND ALL CACHED IMAGES with \"force\" -f .","title":"Clutter and Cache"},{"location":"docker/intro/#managing-data-in-docker","text":"It is possible to store data within the writable layer of a container, but there are some limitations: The data doesn\u2019t persist when that container is no longer running, and it can be difficult to get the data out of the container if another process needs it. A container\u2019s writable layer is tightly coupled to the host machine where the container is running. You can\u2019t easily move the data somewhere else. Its better to put your data into the container AFTER it is built - this keeps the container size smaller and easier to move across networks. Docker offers three different ways to mount data into a container from the Docker host: Volumes tmpfs mounts Bind mounts When in doubt, volumes are almost always the right choice.","title":"Managing Data in Docker"},{"location":"docker/intro/#volumes","text":"Volumes are often a better choice than persisting data in a container\u2019s writable layer, because using a volume does not increase the size of containers using it, and the volume\u2019s contents exist outside the lifecycle of a given container. While bind mounts (which we will see in the Advanced portion of the Camp) are dependent on the directory structure of the host machine, volumes are completely managed by Docker. Volumes have several advantages over bind mounts: Volumes are easier to back up or migrate than bind mounts. You can manage volumes using Docker CLI commands or the Docker API. Volumes work on both UNIX and Windows containers. Volumes can be more safely shared among multiple containers. A new volume\u2019s contents can be pre-populated by a container. When Should I Use the Temporary File System mount? If your container generates non-persistent state data, consider using a tmpfs mount to avoid storing the data anywhere permanently, and to increase the container\u2019s performance by avoiding writing into the container\u2019s writable layer. The data is written to the host's memory instead of a volume; When the container stops, the tmpfs mount is removed, and files written there will not be kept. Choose the -v flag for mounting volumes -v or --volume : Consists of three fields, separated by colon characters (:). The fields must be in the correct order, and the meaning of each field is not immediately obvious. The first field is the path on your local machine that where the data are. The second field is the path where the file or directory are mounted in the container . The third field is optional, and is a comma-separated list of options, such as ro (read only). -v /home/username/your_data_folder:/container_folder $ docker run -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest ls -l /work So what if we wanted to work interactively inside the container? $ docker run -it -v /home/$USER/read_cleanup:/work alpine:latest sh $ ls -l $ ls -l work Once you're in the container, you will see that the /work directory is mounted in the working directory. Any data that you add to that folder outside the container will appear INSIDE the container. And any work you do inside the container saved in that folder will be saved OUTSIDE the container as well.","title":"Volumes"},{"location":"docker/intro/#working-with-interactive-containers","text":"Let's go ahead and run some Integrated Development Environment images from \"trusted\" organizations on the Docker Hub Registry.","title":"Working with Interactive Containers"},{"location":"docker/intro/#jupyter-lab-or-rstudio-server-ide","text":"In this section, let's find a Docker image which can run a Jupyter Notebook Search for official images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'jupyter' $ docker search jupyter It should return something like: NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED jupyter/datascience-notebook Jupyter Notebook Data Science Stack from htt\u2026 912 jupyter/all-spark-notebook Jupyter Notebook Python, Scala, R, Spark, Me\u2026 374 jupyter/scipy-notebook Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack fro\u2026 337 jupyterhub/jupyterhub JupyterHub: multi-user Jupyter notebook serv\u2026 307 [OK] jupyter/tensorflow-notebook Jupyter Notebook Scientific Python Stack w/ \u2026 298 jupyter/pyspark-notebook Jupyter Notebook Python, Spark, Mesos Stack \u2026 224 jupyter/base-notebook Small base image for Jupyter Notebook stacks\u2026 168 jupyter/minimal-notebook Minimal Jupyter Notebook Stack from https://\u2026 150 jupyter/r-notebook Jupyter Notebook R Stack from https://github\u2026 44 jupyterhub/singleuser single-user docker images for use with Jupyt\u2026 43 [OK] jupyter/nbviewer Jupyter Notebook Viewer 27 [OK] Search for images on Docker Hub which contain the string 'rstudio' $ docker search rstudio NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED rocker/rstudio RStudio Server image 389 [OK] rstudio/r-base Docker Images for R 24 rocker/rstudio-stable Build RStudio based on a debian:stable (debi\u2026 16 [OK] rstudio/rstudio-server-pro Deprecated Docker images for RStudio Server \u2026 10 rstudio/r-session-complete Images for sessions and jobs in RStudio Serv\u2026 10 rstudio/plumber 6 rstudio/rstudio-connect Default Docker image for RStudio Connect 4 rstudio/r-builder-images-win 3 rstudio/rstudio-workbench Docker Image for RStudio Workbench (formerly\u2026 2 saagie/rstudio RStudio with sparklyr, Saagie's addin and ab\u2026 2 [OK] ibmcom/rstudio-ppc64le Integrated development environment (IDE) for\u2026 2 rstudio/checkrs-tew Test Environment: Web 1 [OK] rstudio/rstudio-package-manager Default Docker image for RStudio Package Man\u2026 1 rstudio/shinyapps-package-dependencies Docker images used to test the install scrip\u2026 1 rstudio/rstudio-workbench-preview 1 Untrusted community images An important thing to note: None of these Jupyter or RStudio images are 'official' Docker images, meaning they could be trojans for spyware, malware, or other nasty warez.","title":"Jupyter Lab  or RStudio-Server  IDE"},{"location":"docker/intro/#understanding-ports","text":"When we want to run a container that runs on the open internet, we need to add a TCP or UDP port number from which we can access the application in a browser using the machine's IP (Internet Protocol) address or DNS (Domain Name Service) location. To do this, we need to access the container over a separate port address on the machine we're working on. Docker uses the flag --port or -p for short followed by two sets of port numbers. Exposing Ports Docker can in fact expose all ports to a container using the capital -P flag For security purposes, it is generally NEVER a good idea to expose all ports. Typically these numbers can be the same, but in some cases your machine may already be running another program (or container) on that open port. The port has two sides left:right separated by a colon. The left side port number is the INTERNAL port that the container software thinks its using. The right side number is the EXTERNAL port that you can access on your computer (or virtual machine). Here are some examples to run basic RStudio and Jupyter Lab: $ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=cc2022 rocker/rstudio note: on CodeSpaces, the reverse proxy for the DNS requires you to turn off authentication $ docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true rocker/rstudio $ docker run --rm -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook Preempting stale containers from your cache We've added the --rm flag, which means the container will automatically removed from the cache when the container is exited. When you start an IDE in a terminal, the terminal connection must stay active to keep the container alive.","title":"Understanding PORTS"},{"location":"docker/intro/#detaching-your-container-while-it-is-running","text":"If we want to keep our window in the foreground we can use the -d - the detached flag will run the container as a background process, rather than in the foreground. When you run a container with this flag, it will start, run, telling you the container ID: $ docker run --rm -d -p 8888:8888 jupyter/base-notebook Note, that your terminal is still active and you can use it to launch more containers. To view the running container, use the docker ps command.","title":"Detaching your container while it is running"},{"location":"docker/intro/#docker-commands","text":"Here is a compiled list of fundamental Docker Commands: Command Usage Example pull Downloads an image from Docker Hub docker pull hello-world:latest run runs a container with entrypoint docker run -it user/image:tag build Builds a docker image from a Dockerfile in current working directory docker build -t user/image:tag . images List all images on the local machine docker images list tag Adds a different tag name to an image docker tag hello-world:latest hello-world:new-tag-name login Authenticate to the Docker Hub (requires username and password) docker login push Upload your new image to the Docker Hub docker push user/image:tag inspect Provide detailed information on constructs controlled by Docker docker inspect containerID ps List all containers on your system docker ps -a rm Delete a stopped or running container docker rm -f <container ID> rmi Delete an image from your cache docker rmi hello-world:latest stop Stop a running container docker stop alpine:latest system View system details, remove old images and containers with prune docker system prune push Uploads an image to the Docker Hub (or other private registry) docker push username/image:tag","title":"Docker Commands"},{"location":"docker/registry/","text":"There is a high likelihood that the Docker image you need already exists for the application you use in your research. Rather than starting from scratch and creating your own image from a Dockerfile , you should first go searching for one that already exists. This will save you time writing and compiling your own image. First, you will need to know where to look for existing images. Docker images are hosted across the internet on libraries that are called Registries . Container Terminology Container : when an image is run it becomes the container ; A container shares its kernel with other containers using the same image and each runs as an isolated process on the host. Registry : an online library of container images Name : the name of the image Tag : identifies exact version of the image, following a : in the name. If no tag name is given, by default Docker will assign the latest tag name to an image. Layer : an intermediate image, the result of a single set of build commands. An image is built upon layers starting with a base operating system. Dockerfile : a text file that contains a list of commands that the Docker daemon calls while creating the layers of an image. Image : images are compressed files in a cache on a host and can be built locally or downloaded from a registry Base image : has no parent layers, usually base images are a basic Linux operating system like alpine , debian , or ubuntu . Child image : any image built from a base image that has added layers. Official images : verified ( ) images hosted on a public container registry. Safe to use, built by the professionals who know them best. Publisher image : certified images that also include support and guarantee compatibility. User image : images created and shared by users like you. Their contents may be a mystery and therefore are not to be trusted. Docker Registries \u00b6 Docker uses the concept of Registries , online libraries where container images are cached for public utilization. What EXACTLY is a Container Registry? A Registry is a storage and distribution system for named Docker images Organized by owners into repositories with compiled images that users can download and run Things you can do with registries: Search for public images; Pull official images; Host and share private images; Push your images. You must have an account on each registry in order to create repositories and to host your own images. You can create multiple repositories; You can create multiple tagged images in a repository; You can set up your own private registry using a Docker Trusted Registry . Search Image Registries \u00b6 Warning Only use images from trusted sources or images for which you can see the Dockerfile . Any image from an untrusted source could contain something other than what's indicated. If you can see the Dockerfile you can see exactly what is in the image. Docker looks into the Docker Hub public registry by default. Examples of public/private registries to consider for your research needs: Registry Name Container Types Docker Hub Official Images for Docker Amazon Elastic Container Registry run containers on AWS Google Container Registry run containers on Google Cloud Azure Container Registry run containers on Azure NVIDIA GPU Cloud containers for GPU computing GitHub Container Registry managed containers on GitHub GitLab Container Registry managed containers on GitLab RedHat Quay.io containers managed by RedHat BioContainers Registry bioinformatics containers DockerHub \u00b6 Docker Hub is a service provided by Docker for finding and sharing container images with your team. Docker Hub is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers. Info Registry : a storage and distribution system for named Docker images Repository : collection of \"images\" with individual \"tags\". Teams & Organizations: Manages access to private repositories. Builds: Automatically build container images from GitHub or Bitbucket on the Docker Hub. Webhooks: Trigger actions after a successful push to a repository to integrate Docker Hub with other services. BioContainers \u00b6 BioContainers is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics . BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker. Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io. RedHat Quay.io \u00b6 Quay is another general image registry. It works the same way as Docker Hub. However, Quay is home to all BioContainers made by the Bioconda project. Now we will find a BioContainer image at Quay, pull that image and run it on cloud virtual machine. NVIDIA GPU Cloud \u00b6 NVIDIA is one of the leading makers of graphic processing units (GPU). GPU were established as a means of handling graphics processing operations for video cards, but have been greatly expanded for use in generalized computing applications, Machine Learning, image processing, and matrix-based linear algebras. NVIDIA have created their own set of Docker containers and Registries for running on CPU-GPU enabled systems. NVIDIA-Docker runs atop the NVIDIA graphics drivers on the host system, the NVIDIA drivers are imported to the container at runtime. NVIDIA Docker Hub hosts numerous NVIDIA Docker containers, from which you can build your own images. NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts numerous containers for HPC and Cloud applications. You must register an account with them (free) to access these. NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts three registry spaces nvcr.io/nvidia - catalog of fully integrated and optimized deep learning framework containers. nvcr.io/nvidia-hpcvis - catalog of HPC visualization containers (beta). nvcr.io/hpc - popular third-party GPU ready HPC application containers. NVIDIA Docker can be used as a base-image to create containers running graphical applications remotely. High resolution 3D screens are piped to a remote desktop platform.","title":"Finding the right container"},{"location":"docker/registry/#docker-registries","text":"Docker uses the concept of Registries , online libraries where container images are cached for public utilization. What EXACTLY is a Container Registry? A Registry is a storage and distribution system for named Docker images Organized by owners into repositories with compiled images that users can download and run Things you can do with registries: Search for public images; Pull official images; Host and share private images; Push your images. You must have an account on each registry in order to create repositories and to host your own images. You can create multiple repositories; You can create multiple tagged images in a repository; You can set up your own private registry using a Docker Trusted Registry .","title":"Docker Registries"},{"location":"docker/registry/#search-image-registries","text":"Warning Only use images from trusted sources or images for which you can see the Dockerfile . Any image from an untrusted source could contain something other than what's indicated. If you can see the Dockerfile you can see exactly what is in the image. Docker looks into the Docker Hub public registry by default. Examples of public/private registries to consider for your research needs: Registry Name Container Types Docker Hub Official Images for Docker Amazon Elastic Container Registry run containers on AWS Google Container Registry run containers on Google Cloud Azure Container Registry run containers on Azure NVIDIA GPU Cloud containers for GPU computing GitHub Container Registry managed containers on GitHub GitLab Container Registry managed containers on GitLab RedHat Quay.io containers managed by RedHat BioContainers Registry bioinformatics containers","title":"Search Image Registries"},{"location":"docker/registry/#dockerhub","text":"Docker Hub is a service provided by Docker for finding and sharing container images with your team. Docker Hub is the most well-known and popular image registry for Docker containers. Info Registry : a storage and distribution system for named Docker images Repository : collection of \"images\" with individual \"tags\". Teams & Organizations: Manages access to private repositories. Builds: Automatically build container images from GitHub or Bitbucket on the Docker Hub. Webhooks: Trigger actions after a successful push to a repository to integrate Docker Hub with other services.","title":" DockerHub"},{"location":"docker/registry/#biocontainers","text":"BioContainers is a community-driven project that provides the infrastructure and basic guidelines to create, manage and distribute bioinformatics containers with special focus in proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics . BioContainers is based on the popular frameworks of Docker. Although anyone can create a BioContainer, the majority of BioContainers are created by the Bioconda project. Every Bioconda package has a corresponding BioContainer available at Quay.io.","title":" BioContainers"},{"location":"docker/registry/#redhat-quayio","text":"Quay is another general image registry. It works the same way as Docker Hub. However, Quay is home to all BioContainers made by the Bioconda project. Now we will find a BioContainer image at Quay, pull that image and run it on cloud virtual machine.","title":" RedHat Quay.io"},{"location":"docker/registry/#nvidia-gpu-cloud","text":"NVIDIA is one of the leading makers of graphic processing units (GPU). GPU were established as a means of handling graphics processing operations for video cards, but have been greatly expanded for use in generalized computing applications, Machine Learning, image processing, and matrix-based linear algebras. NVIDIA have created their own set of Docker containers and Registries for running on CPU-GPU enabled systems. NVIDIA-Docker runs atop the NVIDIA graphics drivers on the host system, the NVIDIA drivers are imported to the container at runtime. NVIDIA Docker Hub hosts numerous NVIDIA Docker containers, from which you can build your own images. NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts numerous containers for HPC and Cloud applications. You must register an account with them (free) to access these. NVIDIA GPU Cloud hosts three registry spaces nvcr.io/nvidia - catalog of fully integrated and optimized deep learning framework containers. nvcr.io/nvidia-hpcvis - catalog of HPC visualization containers (beta). nvcr.io/hpc - popular third-party GPU ready HPC application containers. NVIDIA Docker can be used as a base-image to create containers running graphical applications remotely. High resolution 3D screens are piped to a remote desktop platform.","title":" NVIDIA GPU Cloud"},{"location":"getting_started/code_conduct/","text":"Code of Conduct \u00b6 All attendees, speakers, staff and volunteers at Container Camp are required to follow our code of conduct. CyVerse expects and appreciates cooperation from all participants to help ensure a safe, collaborative environment for everyone. Harrassment by any individual will not be tolerated and may result in the individual being removed from the Camp. Harassment includes: offensive verbal comments related to gender, gender identity and expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, religion, technology choices, sexual images in public spaces, deliberate intimidation, stalking, following, harassing photography or recording, sustained disruption of talks or other events, inappropriate physical contact, and unwelcome sexual attention. Participants who are asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately. Workshop staff are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, staff should not use sexualised images, activities, or other material. If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the workshop organisers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the workshop with no refund. If you are being harassed, or notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of the workshop staff immediately. Staff can be identified as they'll be wearing badges or nametags. Workshop staff will be happy to help participants contact local law enforcement, provide escorts, or otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the duration of the workshop. We value your attendance. We expect participants to follow these rules at conference and workshop venues and conference-related social events. See http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq for more information on codes of conduct.","title":"Code of Conduct"},{"location":"getting_started/code_conduct/#code-of-conduct","text":"All attendees, speakers, staff and volunteers at Container Camp are required to follow our code of conduct. CyVerse expects and appreciates cooperation from all participants to help ensure a safe, collaborative environment for everyone. Harrassment by any individual will not be tolerated and may result in the individual being removed from the Camp. Harassment includes: offensive verbal comments related to gender, gender identity and expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, religion, technology choices, sexual images in public spaces, deliberate intimidation, stalking, following, harassing photography or recording, sustained disruption of talks or other events, inappropriate physical contact, and unwelcome sexual attention. Participants who are asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately. Workshop staff are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, staff should not use sexualised images, activities, or other material. If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the workshop organisers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the workshop with no refund. If you are being harassed, or notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of the workshop staff immediately. Staff can be identified as they'll be wearing badges or nametags. Workshop staff will be happy to help participants contact local law enforcement, provide escorts, or otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the duration of the workshop. We value your attendance. We expect participants to follow these rules at conference and workshop venues and conference-related social events. See http://www.ashedryden.com/blog/codes-of-conduct-101-faq for more information on codes of conduct.","title":" Code of Conduct"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/","text":"Logistics \u00b6 Location \u00b6 Basics Camp will be held virtually, a Zoom URL will be sent to registered participants. Advanced Camp will be hosted in the Health Sciences Innovation Building (HSIB) on the University of Arizona Campus: Room # 444 Transportation \u00b6 Visitor Parking Interactive Map -- Parking is available around campus in designated lots: https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/ Cat Tran Shuttle service drops off near the HSIB. Sun Link StreetCar service drops off near HSIB and goes through Downtown. Tucson International Airport is located eight miles south of campus and downtown. Local ride-sharing services and public transit are available between campus and local hotels. Hotels \u00b6 Campus hotels with transportation: Aloft Tucson University The Graduate Tucson Tucson Marriot University Park Meals \u00b6 Tucson is a UNESCO World City of Gastronomy . There is no shortage of amazing local restaurants to explore near the University. Advanced Container Campers will be able to access local food trucks and cafes in the immediate vicinity of the workshop classroom. Coffee, water, and snacks will be provided. Emergency Medicine \u00b6 HSIB is adjacent the Banner University Medical Center . In the event of a medical emergency, attendees may be transported to Banner, or to the nearest urgent care facility .","title":"<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path d=\"M3 4v8.5l3-3L9 13c1 1 1 2 1 2v6h4v-7s0-1-.53-2S12 10 12 10L9 6.58 11.5 4M18 4l-4.46 4.47L14 9s.93 1 1.47 2c.21.4.33.79.4 1.13L21 7\"/></svg> Logistics"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#logistics","text":"","title":" Logistics"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#location","text":"Basics Camp will be held virtually, a Zoom URL will be sent to registered participants. Advanced Camp will be hosted in the Health Sciences Innovation Building (HSIB) on the University of Arizona Campus: Room # 444","title":" Location"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#transportation","text":"Visitor Parking Interactive Map -- Parking is available around campus in designated lots: https://parking.arizona.edu/parking/ Cat Tran Shuttle service drops off near the HSIB. Sun Link StreetCar service drops off near HSIB and goes through Downtown. Tucson International Airport is located eight miles south of campus and downtown. Local ride-sharing services and public transit are available between campus and local hotels.","title":" Transportation"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#hotels","text":"Campus hotels with transportation: Aloft Tucson University The Graduate Tucson Tucson Marriot University Park","title":" Hotels"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#meals","text":"Tucson is a UNESCO World City of Gastronomy . There is no shortage of amazing local restaurants to explore near the University. Advanced Container Campers will be able to access local food trucks and cafes in the immediate vicinity of the workshop classroom. Coffee, water, and snacks will be provided.","title":" Meals"},{"location":"getting_started/logistics/#emergency-medicine","text":"HSIB is adjacent the Banner University Medical Center . In the event of a medical emergency, attendees may be transported to Banner, or to the nearest urgent care facility .","title":" Emergency Medicine"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule/","text":"Schedule \u00b6 Day 1 - Container Orchestration \u00b6 Content Introduction to Kubernetes K8s CLI Deploying K8s clusters Learning Objectives Comfort working in the terminal with a remote K8s cluster Understanding of K8s as it is used to manage containers Start your own Zero2JupyterHub Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome All 09:05 Overview of Website Michele Code of Conduct 09:10 What is Kubernetes? Carlos overview of K8s ecosystem 09:30 K8s CLI Carlos Basic command line use of K8s 09:55 Break 10:00 K8s CLI cont. Carlos & Tyson Connecting to a K8s cluster 10:55 Break 11:00 Deploying K8s clusters Michele Jero2JupyterHub 11:55 Break 12:00 Managing K8s clusters Michele & Tyson 12:55 Conclude for the day All push changes to GitHub Homework Consider what type of hardware & container orchestration you're most interested in and come ready with your own ideas for deploying something with Terraform on Day 2. Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code \u00b6 Content Use Terraform to provision hardware and deploy applications & containers Build Terraform templates Learning Objectives Understanding of what IaC is and how it fits along with the orchestration of containers and cloud Ability to launch your own cloud instances on at least one cloud platform (OpenStack) Ability to provision your instances with Terraform and access them Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:20 What is Terraform Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Terraform CLI Carlos 10:55 Break 11:00 Writing Terraform Templates Michele 11:55 Break 12:00 Provisioning a K3s Cluster with Terraform Tyson 12:55 Conclude Day 3 - CACAO \u00b6 Content Introduction to CyVerse CACAO Writing advanced Terraform templates for CACAO Learning Objectives Being able to execute containers on the HPC Create a small Kubernetes cluster Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:20 Introduction to CACAO Tyson 09:30 Using the CACAO UI Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Overview of CACAO templates Edwin 10:55 Break 11:00 Creating a CACAO template Edwin 11:55 Break 12:00 Show and Tell - present your use cases everyone 12:55 Conclude","title":"Schedule"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule/#schedule","text":"","title":" Schedule"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule/#day-1-container-orchestration","text":"Content Introduction to Kubernetes K8s CLI Deploying K8s clusters Learning Objectives Comfort working in the terminal with a remote K8s cluster Understanding of K8s as it is used to manage containers Start your own Zero2JupyterHub Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome All 09:05 Overview of Website Michele Code of Conduct 09:10 What is Kubernetes? Carlos overview of K8s ecosystem 09:30 K8s CLI Carlos Basic command line use of K8s 09:55 Break 10:00 K8s CLI cont. Carlos & Tyson Connecting to a K8s cluster 10:55 Break 11:00 Deploying K8s clusters Michele Jero2JupyterHub 11:55 Break 12:00 Managing K8s clusters Michele & Tyson 12:55 Conclude for the day All push changes to GitHub Homework Consider what type of hardware & container orchestration you're most interested in and come ready with your own ideas for deploying something with Terraform on Day 2.","title":"Day 1 - Container Orchestration"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule/#day-2-infrastructure-as-code","text":"Content Use Terraform to provision hardware and deploy applications & containers Build Terraform templates Learning Objectives Understanding of what IaC is and how it fits along with the orchestration of containers and cloud Ability to launch your own cloud instances on at least one cloud platform (OpenStack) Ability to provision your instances with Terraform and access them Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:20 What is Terraform Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Terraform CLI Carlos 10:55 Break 11:00 Writing Terraform Templates Michele 11:55 Break 12:00 Provisioning a K3s Cluster with Terraform Tyson 12:55 Conclude","title":"Day 2 - Infrastructure as Code"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule/#day-3-cacao","text":"Content Introduction to CyVerse CACAO Writing advanced Terraform templates for CACAO Learning Objectives Being able to execute containers on the HPC Create a small Kubernetes cluster Agenda Time ( PDT ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:20 Introduction to CACAO Tyson 09:30 Using the CACAO UI Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Overview of CACAO templates Edwin 10:55 Break 11:00 Creating a CACAO template Edwin 11:55 Break 12:00 Show and Tell - present your use cases everyone 12:55 Conclude","title":"Day 3 - CACAO"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule_basics/","text":"Day 1 - Introduction to Docker \u00b6 Content - Introduction to Docker and its uses in reproducible science - Launching development environments on CodeSpaces for container testing - Using Docker on the commandline. Goals - Introduction to containers & [where to find them](../docker/registry.md) - Command line containers with CodeSpaces (optional: run locally) - Find and use official Docker images Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome All 09:05 Overview of Website Michele Code of Conduct 09:10 Why use Containers? Carlos What containers are used for in science 09:25 Start CodeSpace Tyson Using Dev Environments to create containers 09:30 Docker Commands and Execution Carlos Basic command line use of Docker 09:55 Break 10:00 Docker Commands and Execution Carlos & Tyson Basic command line use of Docker 10:55 Break 11:00 Managing Docker and Data Michele Volumes and Interactive Use inside containers 11:55 Break 12:00 Managing Docker and Data Michele & Tyson 12:55 Conclude for the day All push changes to your GitHub Optional Homework - Test other Docker container images on CodeSpaces or locally Day 2 - Building Docker Containers \u00b6 Content - Use GitHub to browse for public Dockerfiles - Build Dockerfiles and push them to public registry - Use Version Control to set up automated container builds with GitHub Actions Goals - Introduction to what Dockerfiles are and what you use them for - Start thinking about how to modify them for your own applications Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Notes 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:15 (re)start Dev Environment Tyson 09:20 Finding the right container Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Building Docker Images Carlos 10:55 Break 11:00 Using Docker Compose Michele 11:55 Break 12:00 Integrating your Containers into CyVerse Tyson 12:55 Conclude Day 3 - Singularity, Orchestration, and Containers on the HPC \u00b6 Content - Introduction to Singularity - Introduction to Kubernetes Goals - Being able to execute containers on the HPC - Create a small Kubernetes cluster Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Notes 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:15 (re(re))start Dev Environment 09:20 Introduction to Singularity 09:30 Obtaining Singularity and the Singularity CLI 09:55 Break 10:00 Singularity Commands & Interacting with Singularity Images 10:55 Break 11:00 Singularity Images Continued * 11:55 Break 12:00 Integrating your Containers into CyVerse , questions, inquiries 12:55 Conclude** If we still have time, we will also discuss using Singularity on the HPC . ** For additional questions and inquiries, we will make time for one-on-ones on either Thursday or Friday (flexible schedule).","title":"Schedule basics"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule_basics/#day-1-introduction-to-docker","text":"Content - Introduction to Docker and its uses in reproducible science - Launching development environments on CodeSpaces for container testing - Using Docker on the commandline. Goals - Introduction to containers & [where to find them](../docker/registry.md) - Command line containers with CodeSpaces (optional: run locally) - Find and use official Docker images Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Outcome 09:00 Welcome All 09:05 Overview of Website Michele Code of Conduct 09:10 Why use Containers? Carlos What containers are used for in science 09:25 Start CodeSpace Tyson Using Dev Environments to create containers 09:30 Docker Commands and Execution Carlos Basic command line use of Docker 09:55 Break 10:00 Docker Commands and Execution Carlos & Tyson Basic command line use of Docker 10:55 Break 11:00 Managing Docker and Data Michele Volumes and Interactive Use inside containers 11:55 Break 12:00 Managing Docker and Data Michele & Tyson 12:55 Conclude for the day All push changes to your GitHub Optional Homework - Test other Docker container images on CodeSpaces or locally","title":"Day 1 - Introduction to Docker"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule_basics/#day-2-building-docker-containers","text":"Content - Use GitHub to browse for public Dockerfiles - Build Dockerfiles and push them to public registry - Use Version Control to set up automated container builds with GitHub Actions Goals - Introduction to what Dockerfiles are and what you use them for - Start thinking about how to modify them for your own applications Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Notes 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:15 (re)start Dev Environment Tyson 09:20 Finding the right container Tyson 09:55 Break 10:00 Building Docker Images Carlos 10:55 Break 11:00 Using Docker Compose Michele 11:55 Break 12:00 Integrating your Containers into CyVerse Tyson 12:55 Conclude","title":"Day 2 - Building Docker Containers"},{"location":"getting_started/schedule_basics/#day-3-singularity-orchestration-and-containers-on-the-hpc","text":"Content - Introduction to Singularity - Introduction to Kubernetes Goals - Being able to execute containers on the HPC - Create a small Kubernetes cluster Activities Time (MST/AZ) Activity Instructor Notes 09:00 Welcome back All 09:05 Discuss previous day, answer questions 09:15 (re(re))start Dev Environment 09:20 Introduction to Singularity 09:30 Obtaining Singularity and the Singularity CLI 09:55 Break 10:00 Singularity Commands & Interacting with Singularity Images 10:55 Break 11:00 Singularity Images Continued * 11:55 Break 12:00 Integrating your Containers into CyVerse , questions, inquiries 12:55 Conclude** If we still have time, we will also discuss using Singularity on the HPC . ** For additional questions and inquiries, we will make time for one-on-ones on either Thursday or Friday (flexible schedule).","title":"Day 3 - Singularity, Orchestration, and Containers on the HPC"},{"location":"getting_started/setup/","text":"Prerequisites \u00b6 Before attending Container Camp (Basics) please do the following: Create a GitHub Account Create a Docker Hub Account Optional Create a CyVerse Account Before attending Cloud Native Camp please do the following: (all of the above) Create an ACCESS-CI profile","title":"Pre-Camp Setup"},{"location":"getting_started/setup/#prerequisites","text":"Before attending Container Camp (Basics) please do the following: Create a GitHub Account Create a Docker Hub Account Optional Create a CyVerse Account Before attending Cloud Native Camp please do the following: (all of the above) Create an ACCESS-CI profile","title":" Prerequisites"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/","text":"Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters \u00b6 We are going to be using Jetstream-2 for this section and will rely on their documentation for Kubernetes deployment Helm \u00b6 Helm is the package manager for Kubernetes. Zero to JupyterHub \u00b6 JupyterHub for Kubernetes Project Jupyter maintains a lesson on deploying K8s and Helm with minik8s across a variety of commercial cloud solutions. The closest example that you can attempt is the Bare Metal example on JS-2 Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes \u00b6 Why use mini versions of Kubernetes? There are multiple projects developing \"light-weight\" Kubernetes. The justification for these projects being that full Kubernetes deployments with all of its functionality increases the cognitive load and the number of configurations and parameters that you must work with when running containers and clusters, particularly at the edge. Projects that are working on miniaturized versions of K8s: name functionality use cases minikube microK8s runs fast, self-healing, and highly available Kubernetes clusters K3s runs production-level Kubernetes workloads on low resourced and remotely located IoT and Edge devices K3d lightweight wrapper that runs K3s in a docker container Install K3s \u00b6 K3s Install minikube \u00b6 Minikube is useful for running K8s on a single node or locally -- its primary use is to teach you how to use K8s. curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64 sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube sudo minikube config set vm-driver none Installing microK8s \u00b6","title":"Advanced use of Kubernetes"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#deploying-your-own-kubernetes-clusters","text":"We are going to be using Jetstream-2 for this section and will rely on their documentation for Kubernetes deployment","title":"Deploying your own Kubernetes clusters"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#helm","text":"Helm is the package manager for Kubernetes.","title":" Helm"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#zero-to-jupyterhub","text":"JupyterHub for Kubernetes Project Jupyter maintains a lesson on deploying K8s and Helm with minik8s across a variety of commercial cloud solutions. The closest example that you can attempt is the Bare Metal example on JS-2","title":"Zero to JupyterHub"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#miniaturized-versions-of-kubernetes","text":"Why use mini versions of Kubernetes? There are multiple projects developing \"light-weight\" Kubernetes. The justification for these projects being that full Kubernetes deployments with all of its functionality increases the cognitive load and the number of configurations and parameters that you must work with when running containers and clusters, particularly at the edge. Projects that are working on miniaturized versions of K8s: name functionality use cases minikube microK8s runs fast, self-healing, and highly available Kubernetes clusters K3s runs production-level Kubernetes workloads on low resourced and remotely located IoT and Edge devices K3d lightweight wrapper that runs K3s in a docker container","title":"Miniaturized versions of Kubernetes"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#install-k3s","text":"K3s","title":"Install K3s"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#install-minikube","text":"Minikube is useful for running K8s on a single node or locally -- its primary use is to teach you how to use K8s. curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64 sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube sudo minikube config set vm-driver none","title":"Install minikube"},{"location":"orchestration/advk8s/#installing-microk8s","text":"","title":"Installing microK8s"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/","text":"Creating Terraform Templates on OpenStack \u00b6 Overview \u00b6 This advanced tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) with Docker & lightweight Kubernetes ( Rancher K3s ). Goals Understand how to install software and provision multiple VMs Understand how Terraform is used to orchestrate VMs together Ability to create a Terraform deployment for a multi-node JupyterHub Ability to re-provisioning an already deployed cluster on OpenStack through Terraform Things we won't cover Basic management of Kubernetes clusters (that is a different lesson) All of Terraform's features Prerequisites \u00b6 Basic understanding of OpenStack and Terraform as was covered in the prior lesson Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use Jetstream2 ) Terraform installed on your workstation or local machine Outcomes By the end of this tutorial, you will have launched a lightweight Kubernetes (K3s) cluster know how to modify the size of cluster to scale up and down with more or less resources started and stopped a JupyterHub using a public Docker image Updating Terraform Configurations \u00b6 We will re-use our configurations from the Terraform basics lesson We will update and append the following files: variables.tf - we are going to be adding new variables to include specific features related to our K3s and JupyterHub instances.tf - we are going to be launching multiple VM flavors to support our cluster. We want the server VM to be large enough to manage all of the JupyterHub worker nodes. security.tf - we need to specify all of the new security and networking settings for K3s and JupyterHub We will create new configuration files for: k3s.tf - we will keep our Kubernetes (Rancher) configuration files here docker.tf - we will specify the JupyterHub Docker image here jupyterhub.tf - we will configure our JupyterHub here instances.tf \u00b6 Our new cluster is going to be variably sized, meaning we can re-size or re-scale the number of VMs running in our cluster to account for demand by our users. k3s.tf \u00b6 docker.tf \u00b6 We are going to be using the featured Datascience Latest image from the Project Jupyter team jupyterhub.tf \u00b6 variables.tf \u00b6 Start the Deployment \u00b6 Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running \u00b6 Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running \u00b6 Managing the K3s configuration \u00b6 Restarting the JupyterHub \u00b6","title":"Advanced use of Terraform"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#creating-terraform-templates-on-openstack","text":"","title":"Creating Terraform Templates on OpenStack"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#overview","text":"This advanced tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) with Docker & lightweight Kubernetes ( Rancher K3s ). Goals Understand how to install software and provision multiple VMs Understand how Terraform is used to orchestrate VMs together Ability to create a Terraform deployment for a multi-node JupyterHub Ability to re-provisioning an already deployed cluster on OpenStack through Terraform Things we won't cover Basic management of Kubernetes clusters (that is a different lesson) All of Terraform's features","title":"Overview"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#prerequisites","text":"Basic understanding of OpenStack and Terraform as was covered in the prior lesson Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use Jetstream2 ) Terraform installed on your workstation or local machine Outcomes By the end of this tutorial, you will have launched a lightweight Kubernetes (K3s) cluster know how to modify the size of cluster to scale up and down with more or less resources started and stopped a JupyterHub using a public Docker image","title":"Prerequisites"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#updating-terraform-configurations","text":"We will re-use our configurations from the Terraform basics lesson We will update and append the following files: variables.tf - we are going to be adding new variables to include specific features related to our K3s and JupyterHub instances.tf - we are going to be launching multiple VM flavors to support our cluster. We want the server VM to be large enough to manage all of the JupyterHub worker nodes. security.tf - we need to specify all of the new security and networking settings for K3s and JupyterHub We will create new configuration files for: k3s.tf - we will keep our Kubernetes (Rancher) configuration files here docker.tf - we will specify the JupyterHub Docker image here jupyterhub.tf - we will configure our JupyterHub here","title":"Updating Terraform Configurations"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#instancestf","text":"Our new cluster is going to be variably sized, meaning we can re-size or re-scale the number of VMs running in our cluster to account for demand by our users.","title":" instances.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#k3stf","text":"","title":" k3s.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#dockertf","text":"We are going to be using the featured Datascience Latest image from the Project Jupyter team","title":" docker.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#jupyterhubtf","text":"","title":" jupyterhub.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#variablestf","text":"","title":" variables.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#start-the-deployment","text":"","title":"Start the Deployment"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#re-sizing-the-vms-while-the-deployment-is-running","text":"","title":"Re-sizing the VMs while the Deployment is running"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#adding-removing-vms-from-the-cluster-while-it-is-running","text":"","title":"Adding / Removing VMs from the cluster while it is running"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#managing-the-k3s-configuration","text":"","title":"Managing the K3s configuration"},{"location":"orchestration/advterra/#restarting-the-jupyterhub","text":"","title":"Restarting the JupyterHub"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao/","text":"Log into CACAO (JS2) \u00b6 To start, you will need an Xsede user account and have access to a project. Go to Jetstream-2 CACAO to log in with your Xsede account. You will be prompted to allow Jetstream 2 to authenticate with Globus. Add your Credential \u00b6 Next, you will need to add cloud computing credentials. For now, the only option is Jetstream 2, but in the future, other providers like Google and AWS will be supported. Click on Credentials on the lefthand menu bar. From the Credentials page, click the \"+ Add Credential\" button and select \"Cloud Credential\". Select Jetstream 2 and the project you would like to add. These correspond to Jetstream 2 projects you have access to. Once your credential is added, it should show up on the Credentials page. Start a Deployment \u00b6 Next, we will start a deployment onto Jetstream 2. Click on the Deployments tab on the lefthand menu bar. You will see your cloud providers and projects, and if you have multiple providers or projects, you can select them here. You should have Jetstream 2 and a project selected. Next, click the \"+ Add Deployment\" button. You will see several options for default templates to launch VMs, containers, or whole clusters. We will use the first template to launch a single VM. You will then name the deployment, select the number of instances and size of instances. For now, stick with the default Featured-AlmaLinux8 image and 1 instance of m3.tiny. You can name it whatever you want. Access Deployment \u00b6 Once you have submitted your deployment, you can see it on the Deployments page. It will be in the \"Starting\" status for a few minutes. Once it is running, you can click on it to see details about it and to access it. From here, you can click on the icons on the right to access a Web Shell or a Web Desktop (for certain images). You can also pause, shelve, or delete the deployment from here. Try opening the Web Shell, which will bring you to a command line inside your running VM.","title":"CyVerse CACAO Interface"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao/#log-into-cacao-js2","text":"To start, you will need an Xsede user account and have access to a project. Go to Jetstream-2 CACAO to log in with your Xsede account. You will be prompted to allow Jetstream 2 to authenticate with Globus.","title":"Log into CACAO (JS2)"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao/#add-your-credential","text":"Next, you will need to add cloud computing credentials. For now, the only option is Jetstream 2, but in the future, other providers like Google and AWS will be supported. Click on Credentials on the lefthand menu bar. From the Credentials page, click the \"+ Add Credential\" button and select \"Cloud Credential\". Select Jetstream 2 and the project you would like to add. These correspond to Jetstream 2 projects you have access to. Once your credential is added, it should show up on the Credentials page.","title":"Add your Credential"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao/#start-a-deployment","text":"Next, we will start a deployment onto Jetstream 2. Click on the Deployments tab on the lefthand menu bar. You will see your cloud providers and projects, and if you have multiple providers or projects, you can select them here. You should have Jetstream 2 and a project selected. Next, click the \"+ Add Deployment\" button. You will see several options for default templates to launch VMs, containers, or whole clusters. We will use the first template to launch a single VM. You will then name the deployment, select the number of instances and size of instances. For now, stick with the default Featured-AlmaLinux8 image and 1 instance of m3.tiny. You can name it whatever you want.","title":"Start a Deployment"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao/#access-deployment","text":"Once you have submitted your deployment, you can see it on the Deployments page. It will be in the \"Starting\" status for a few minutes. Once it is running, you can click on it to see details about it and to access it. From here, you can click on the icons on the right to access a Web Shell or a Web Desktop (for certain images). You can also pause, shelve, or delete the deployment from here. Try opening the Web Shell, which will bring you to a command line inside your running VM.","title":"Access Deployment"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/","text":"CACAO Terraform templates on the CLI \u00b6 Overview \u00b6 This tutorial will guide you through the process of deploying Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes on an OpenStack VM using Terraform. We will be using a Terraform template for CACAO which has additional configurations. By the end of this tutorial, you will have a running JupyterHub instance that can be accessed by your users. Prerequisites \u00b6 Basic understanding of Terraform, Kubernetes, and JupyterHub. An OpenStack environment with access to the API. Terraform installed on your local machine or VM server. kubectl and helm command-line tools installed on your local machine. An SSH key pair to access the VM server running Terraform. Installation \u00b6 Terraform needs a dedicated resource to manage its deployments. Terraform - install Terraform on your server Ansible - Optional: VS Code Terraform Extension - add VS Code extension Mac OS X Installation Instructions for Mac OS X installation If you're on OS X, you can use brew to install with the following commands: # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory) brew install ansible jq Linux Installation Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg echo \"deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $( lsb_release -cs ) main\" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform Install Ansible & J Query sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq CyVerse CACAO Browser UI \u00b6 CyVerse's CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration) CyVerse CACAO CLI \u00b6 CACAO file structure \u00b6 terraform-project / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 inputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 output-ansible-inventory . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 metadata . json \u251c\u2500\u2500 terraform . tfvars . example \u2514\u2500\u2500 ansible / \u251c\u2500\u2500 ansible . cfg \u251c\u2500\u2500 find_connection . yaml \u251c\u2500\u2500 playbook . yaml \u2514\u2500\u2500 requirements . yaml Main Configuration File ( main.tf ): - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage. Inputs File ( inputs.tf ): - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context. Outputs File ( outputs.tf ): - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources. Provider Configuration File ( provider.tf ): - Modules and Reusable Configurations: - create separate .tf files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs. File Examples \u00b6 main.tf \u00b6 Start-up the Terraform Server \u00b6 We need to run terraform from somewhere, this should be a permanent instance which is not pre-emptable (suggest a tiny VM on Jetstream2) Before we start terraform , we need to create an SSH key to add to our newly deployed VMs. Create SSH keys To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair: ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 Step 2: When prompted, press \"Enter\" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key. Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later. Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command: eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa Step 3: Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing \"user\" and \"server\" with your username and server address: ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip> create_ssh_script.sh: #!/bin/bash echo \"Generating SSH key pair...\" ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 echo \"Adding key to SSH agent...\" eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa read -p \"Enter your remote server username: \" username read -p \"Enter your remote server IP address: \" server echo \"Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:\" ssh-copy-id username@server echo \"SSH key setup complete!\" Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command: chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh run it with the following command: ./create_ssh_script.sh Running Terraform \u00b6 Step 2 Clone the CACAO z2jh repository git clone https://gitlab.com/stack0/cacao-tf-jupyterhub.git ** Step 3** Initialize Terraform in the repository Change directory to the repo: cd cacao-tf-jupyterhub Run terraform init Step 3 Source the OpenRC shell script source *-openrc.sh Step 4 Start Terraform terraform apply -auto-approve Step 5 Suspend Terraform Update your terraform.tfvars file by changing the power_state from \"active\" to \"shelved_offloaded\" ### Set Power Status ### power_state = \"active\" # power_state = \"shelved_offloaded\" re-run terraform apply -auto-approve to update the deployment Step 6 Destroying a Terraform deployment when done, with your cluster, run terraform destroy -auto-approve to take the cluster back down. Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars) \u00b6 Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Deployment Example Terraform variables (.tfvars) file for deploying Zero to JupyterHub with K3s (Rancher) Based on the Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes ### Set the floating_ip address for DNS redirections ### # jupyterhub_floating_ip=\"149.165.152.223\" ### Set up the Security Groups (re=used from Horizon) ### security_groups = [\"default\",\"cacao-default\",\"cacao-k8s\"] ### Give the Deployment a Name (shorter is better) ### instance_name = \"jh-prod\" ### Horizon Account User ID and ACCESS-CI Project Account ### username = \"${USER}\" project = \"BIO220085\" # Horizon SSH key-pair keypair = \"${USER}-default\" ### Set the Number of Instances (Master + Workers) ### instance_count = 6 # Storage Volume Size in GiB jh_storage_size=1000 # Storage Volume directory path jh_storage_mount_dir=\"/home/shared\" # OS type image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu22\" # Worker VM Flavor flavor = \"m3.medium\" # Master VM Flavor (m3.medium or larger is recommended) flavor_master = \"m3.medium\" ### Run JupyterHub on Master Node ### do_jh_singleuser_exclude_master=\"true\" # Jetstream2 Region region = \"IU\" # VM image (root disk) sizes root_storage_size = 100 root_storage_type = \"volume\" # Enable GPUs (true/false) - use \"true\" with \"g3\" flavors do_enable_gpu=false ### Zero 2 JupyterHub with K3s Rancher Configuration ### jupyterhub_deploy_strategy=\"z2jh_k3s\" ### Ansible-based Setup for JupyterHub ### do_ansible_execution=true ### CPU usage per user utilization 10000m = 100% of 1 core ### jh_resources_request_cpu=\"3000m\" ### Memory RAM per-user requirement in Gigibytes ### jh_resources_request_memory=\"10Gi\" ### Set Power Status ### power_state = \"active\" # power_state = \"shelved_offloaded\" ### Pre-Cache images? ### do_jh_precache_images=false user_data = \"\" ### JupyterHub Configurations ### # set the type of authentication, comment out Dummy or OAuth # OAuth-type (GitHub Authentication) # jupyterhub_oauth2_clientid=\"02b0a98c5d1547101514\" # jupyterhub_oauth2_secret=\"ac658055d848e787c31803afd973a05fbdb98f64\" # Dummy-type Authentication jupyterhub_authentication=\"dummy\" # set the dummy username password jupyterhub_dummy_password=\"password\" # Specify the JupyterHub admins jupyterhub_admins=\"${USER}\" # add JupyterHub student account usernames jupyterhub_allowed_users=\"${USER}, student1, student2, student3, student4\" ### Select a JupyterHub-ready image ### #jupyterhub_singleuser_image=\"harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch\" jupyterhub_singleuser_image=\"jupyter/datascience-notebook\" jupyterhub_singleuser_image_tag=\"latest\"","title":"CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#cacao-terraform-templates-on-the-cli","text":"","title":"CACAO Terraform templates on the CLI"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#overview","text":"This tutorial will guide you through the process of deploying Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes on an OpenStack VM using Terraform. We will be using a Terraform template for CACAO which has additional configurations. By the end of this tutorial, you will have a running JupyterHub instance that can be accessed by your users.","title":"Overview"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#prerequisites","text":"Basic understanding of Terraform, Kubernetes, and JupyterHub. An OpenStack environment with access to the API. Terraform installed on your local machine or VM server. kubectl and helm command-line tools installed on your local machine. An SSH key pair to access the VM server running Terraform.","title":"Prerequisites"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#installation","text":"Terraform needs a dedicated resource to manage its deployments. Terraform - install Terraform on your server Ansible - Optional: VS Code Terraform Extension - add VS Code extension Mac OS X Installation Instructions for Mac OS X installation If you're on OS X, you can use brew to install with the following commands: # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory) brew install ansible jq Linux Installation Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg echo \"deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $( lsb_release -cs ) main\" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform Install Ansible & J Query sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq","title":"Installation"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#cyverse-cacao-browser-ui","text":"CyVerse's CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration)","title":"CyVerse CACAO Browser UI"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#cyverse-cacao-cli","text":"","title":"CyVerse CACAO CLI"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#cacao-file-structure","text":"terraform-project / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 inputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 output-ansible-inventory . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 metadata . json \u251c\u2500\u2500 terraform . tfvars . example \u2514\u2500\u2500 ansible / \u251c\u2500\u2500 ansible . cfg \u251c\u2500\u2500 find_connection . yaml \u251c\u2500\u2500 playbook . yaml \u2514\u2500\u2500 requirements . yaml Main Configuration File ( main.tf ): - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage. Inputs File ( inputs.tf ): - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context. Outputs File ( outputs.tf ): - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources. Provider Configuration File ( provider.tf ): - Modules and Reusable Configurations: - create separate .tf files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.","title":"CACAO file structure"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#file-examples","text":"","title":"File Examples"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#maintf","text":"","title":" main.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#start-up-the-terraform-server","text":"We need to run terraform from somewhere, this should be a permanent instance which is not pre-emptable (suggest a tiny VM on Jetstream2) Before we start terraform , we need to create an SSH key to add to our newly deployed VMs. Create SSH keys To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair: ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 Step 2: When prompted, press \"Enter\" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key. Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later. Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command: eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa Step 3: Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing \"user\" and \"server\" with your username and server address: ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip> create_ssh_script.sh: #!/bin/bash echo \"Generating SSH key pair...\" ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 echo \"Adding key to SSH agent...\" eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa read -p \"Enter your remote server username: \" username read -p \"Enter your remote server IP address: \" server echo \"Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:\" ssh-copy-id username@server echo \"SSH key setup complete!\" Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command: chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh run it with the following command: ./create_ssh_script.sh","title":"Start-up the Terraform Server"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#running-terraform","text":"Step 2 Clone the CACAO z2jh repository git clone https://gitlab.com/stack0/cacao-tf-jupyterhub.git ** Step 3** Initialize Terraform in the repository Change directory to the repo: cd cacao-tf-jupyterhub Run terraform init Step 3 Source the OpenRC shell script source *-openrc.sh Step 4 Start Terraform terraform apply -auto-approve Step 5 Suspend Terraform Update your terraform.tfvars file by changing the power_state from \"active\" to \"shelved_offloaded\" ### Set Power Status ### power_state = \"active\" # power_state = \"shelved_offloaded\" re-run terraform apply -auto-approve to update the deployment Step 6 Destroying a Terraform deployment when done, with your cluster, run terraform destroy -auto-approve to take the cluster back down.","title":"Running Terraform"},{"location":"orchestration/cacao_terra/#editing-terraform-variables-file-tfvars","text":"Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Deployment Example Terraform variables (.tfvars) file for deploying Zero to JupyterHub with K3s (Rancher) Based on the Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes ### Set the floating_ip address for DNS redirections ### # jupyterhub_floating_ip=\"149.165.152.223\" ### Set up the Security Groups (re=used from Horizon) ### security_groups = [\"default\",\"cacao-default\",\"cacao-k8s\"] ### Give the Deployment a Name (shorter is better) ### instance_name = \"jh-prod\" ### Horizon Account User ID and ACCESS-CI Project Account ### username = \"${USER}\" project = \"BIO220085\" # Horizon SSH key-pair keypair = \"${USER}-default\" ### Set the Number of Instances (Master + Workers) ### instance_count = 6 # Storage Volume Size in GiB jh_storage_size=1000 # Storage Volume directory path jh_storage_mount_dir=\"/home/shared\" # OS type image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu22\" # Worker VM Flavor flavor = \"m3.medium\" # Master VM Flavor (m3.medium or larger is recommended) flavor_master = \"m3.medium\" ### Run JupyterHub on Master Node ### do_jh_singleuser_exclude_master=\"true\" # Jetstream2 Region region = \"IU\" # VM image (root disk) sizes root_storage_size = 100 root_storage_type = \"volume\" # Enable GPUs (true/false) - use \"true\" with \"g3\" flavors do_enable_gpu=false ### Zero 2 JupyterHub with K3s Rancher Configuration ### jupyterhub_deploy_strategy=\"z2jh_k3s\" ### Ansible-based Setup for JupyterHub ### do_ansible_execution=true ### CPU usage per user utilization 10000m = 100% of 1 core ### jh_resources_request_cpu=\"3000m\" ### Memory RAM per-user requirement in Gigibytes ### jh_resources_request_memory=\"10Gi\" ### Set Power Status ### power_state = \"active\" # power_state = \"shelved_offloaded\" ### Pre-Cache images? ### do_jh_precache_images=false user_data = \"\" ### JupyterHub Configurations ### # set the type of authentication, comment out Dummy or OAuth # OAuth-type (GitHub Authentication) # jupyterhub_oauth2_clientid=\"02b0a98c5d1547101514\" # jupyterhub_oauth2_secret=\"ac658055d848e787c31803afd973a05fbdb98f64\" # Dummy-type Authentication jupyterhub_authentication=\"dummy\" # set the dummy username password jupyterhub_dummy_password=\"password\" # Specify the JupyterHub admins jupyterhub_admins=\"${USER}\" # add JupyterHub student account usernames jupyterhub_allowed_users=\"${USER}, student1, student2, student3, student4\" ### Select a JupyterHub-ready image ### #jupyterhub_singleuser_image=\"harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch\" jupyterhub_singleuser_image=\"jupyter/datascience-notebook\" jupyterhub_singleuser_image_tag=\"latest\"","title":"Editing Terraform Variables file (.tfvars)"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/","text":"Lesson 1: Introduction to Kubernetes \u00b6 Learning Objectives Understand what Kubernetes is and its role in managing containerized applications Recognize the importance and benefits of using Kubernetes in cloud computing Identify reasons why you may need to use Kubernetes for your own research or projects Learn about the existence of Kubernetes clusters and how to leverage them using kubectl Kubernetes , or K8s for short, is an open-source system designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. K8s is the most prevalent platform for managing containerized applications at scale in the realm of cloud computing. If you're considering incorporating containers into your research or project portfolio, it's highly likely you'll interact with a K8s Cluster. In this introductory lesson, we'll focus on how to leverage existing Kubernetes Clusters using kubectl . Why would you want to build your own K8s Cluster? You're here to learn about containerized applications and container orchestration. We aim to familiarize you with these technologies and help you understand their place in the roadmap of Cloud Native Computing. However, it's crucial to note, Designing, deploying, and maintaining your own K8s cluster can be a complex and challenging task This is partly because there are numerous existing platforms out there, such as managed K8s services. Additionally, managing K8s requires a dedicated DevOps or software engineering team to ensure your platform operates smoothly. Still interested in building your own cluster? Here are some reasons why you might need to use K8s for your research or project: (1) Your applications consist of multiple services. The K8s API automates the tasks of managing numerous containers and allocating resources. (2) Your work scales dynamically - if your computing needs fluctuate based on workloads, K8s can be useful. Using containers to scale your applications is more efficient than manually launching VMs. (3) You have too many containers to manage - K8s excels at its primary function: managing and maintaining containers. (4) Your domain is transitioning to the cloud. If your field is moving towards being cloud-native, it's crucial to develop workflows in anticipation of this shift. (5) Consistency is key. K8s' declarative state provides a clear description of how everything is managed. Kubernetes Terminology Kubernetes Cluster : A collection of nodes that run containerized applications. This is the primary unit of organization in Kubernetes. kubectl : The command-line interface used for interacting with Kubernetes clusters. It enables users to manage various aspects of the cluster. Pod : The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which can consist of one or more containers that communicate with each other. Pods are run on nodes. Node : Typically a virtual machine (VM) that runs Kubernetes components, including the kubelet, kube-proxy, and container runtime. Kubelet : The agent that runs on each node, responsible for managing the pods on its respective VM. Kube-proxy : A network proxy that runs on each node, used by a Service to handle network communication. Container runtime : The software that runs containers within pods. Examples include Docker , containerd (native to Kubernetes), and CRI-O . Service : Assigns a network address to an application, including a persistent IP address and a DNS entry within the cluster. A Service also manages load balancing across pods and can dynamically add or remove them. ReplicaSet : Allows for the creation of multiple pods simultaneously, ensuring that a specified number of identical pods are running at any given time. Deployment : Provides declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets, allowing for rolling updates and rollbacks. Control Plane : A node that manages worker nodes. It consists of the API server, cluster store, controller manager, and scheduler. Namespace : A way to divide cluster resources between multiple users. Ingress : An API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically HTTP. Persistent Volume (PV) : A piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator. Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) : A request for storage by a user. ConfigMap : An API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs. Secret : An API object used to store sensitive data, like passwords and keys. K8s CLI kubectl \u00b6 The Kubernetes API uses a command-line tool called kubectl Using K8s does not require you to own or maintain your own cluster. You can use the kubectl tool to connect to running clusters and start your containers. Install kubectl \u00b6 Official Documentation kubectl is already installed in CodeSpaces. To install on Linux: curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl chmod +x kubectl sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl kubeconfig \u00b6 K8s uses YAML files for configuring a cluster. The config file is required to make the handshake between the K8s Cluster and external requests, like the one you're making from your local computer or CodeSpace. config yaml \u00b6 To connect to a running K8s cluster, you need to create a config yaml and place it in the ~/.kube/ folder. example config file Example of the ~/.kube/config file which is used for K3s apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: DATA+OMITTED server: https://127.0.0.1:6443 name: k3s-tutorial contexts: - context: cluster: k3s-tutorial namespace: cc2023 user: participant-name name: k3s-tutorial current-context: k3s-tutorial kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: participant user: client-certificate-data: REDACTED client-key-data: REDACTED Copy the ~/.kube/config file from your cluster or use our example here over to your localhost or VM and put it into a temporary directory. Make a second copy and put it into your own ~/.kube/config folder By default, the config file is in the ~/.kube/ directory, but it can be put anywhere or given any name, use the --kubeconfig flag to tell kubectl where to get the config: kubectl --kubeconfig /custom/path/kube.config get pods Setting up the namespace \u00b6 kubectl needs to know what the namespace is of of the Cluster config you're working with. In the first example today, we're going to be working with a cluster with a pre-set namespace To set the context and namespace of the cluster on your localhost: kubectl config set-context cc2022 --namespace=containercamp2022 Once the config is set, you should be ready to launch \"pods\" i.e. containers on the cluster pods \u00b6 We are going to launch pods (w/ containers) on the same K3s cluster which is already running in JS-2. Create a new file in your VM or localhost called pod1.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username> spec: containers: - name: mypod image: alpine:3.14 resources: limits: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m requests: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m command: [\"sh\", \"-c\", \"sleep infinity\"] Launching a Pod \u00b6 Try launching a pod on the cluster kubectl create -f pod1.yaml Check to see that it is running kubectl get pods Do you see any other pods? If the pod hasn't started yet, you can check the timestamp to see if it was created: kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp Try to connect to your running pod (container) kubectl exec -it pod-<yourusername> -- /bin/sh Pod networking \u00b6 Let's check the networking inside the pod # uncomment if ifconfig is not installed # apk add net-tools ifconfig -a Exit the pod ( ctrl ^ D ) Check the IP with kubectl kubectl get pod -o wide pod-<yourname> Taking down a Pod \u00b6 Once you've exited the pod, delete it kubectl delete -f pod1.yaml double check that its gone kubectl get pods Create a Deployment \u00b6 While we can create and delete pods on our own, what we realy want is to make our containers have \"high availability\". High availiability means that when a node dies or is restarted, the pod will \"come back up\" on its own. Run a Dashboard \u00b6 UpCloud instructions Once the cluster is up and running, you may choose to create a Dashboard for it The Dashboard can only run from a localhost so we have to do an ssh tunnel to connect to it ssh -L localhost:8001:127.0.0.1:8001 <user>@<master_public_IP> start the dashboard kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml check to see the dashboard pods are running kubectl get pods -A create an admin dashboard user \u00b6 mkdir ~/dashboard && cd ~/dashboard create a dashboard-admin.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: admin-user roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard deploy kubectl apply -f dashboard-admin.yaml print the admin token so you can log into the dashboard kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=\"{.secrets[0].name}\") -o jsonpath=\"{.data.token}\" | base64 --decode create a read-only dashboard-read-only.yaml user \u00b6 apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: read-only-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: \"true\" labels: name: read-only-clusterrole namespace: default rules: - apiGroups: - \"\" resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch - apiGroups: - extensions resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch - apiGroups: - apps resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: read-only-binding roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: read-only-clusterrole apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: read-only-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard deploy it kubectl apply -f dashboard-read-only.yaml print read-only token kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount read-only-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=\"{.secrets[0].name}\") -o jsonpath=\"{.data.token}\" | base64 --decode Start the dashboard \u00b6 kubectl proxy http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ Copy/Paste your admin or read-only token delete the dashboard \u00b6 kubectl delete -f dashboard-admin.yaml kubectl delete -f dashboard-read-only.yaml kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml","title":"Introduction to Kubernetes"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#lesson-1-introduction-to-kubernetes","text":"Learning Objectives Understand what Kubernetes is and its role in managing containerized applications Recognize the importance and benefits of using Kubernetes in cloud computing Identify reasons why you may need to use Kubernetes for your own research or projects Learn about the existence of Kubernetes clusters and how to leverage them using kubectl Kubernetes , or K8s for short, is an open-source system designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. K8s is the most prevalent platform for managing containerized applications at scale in the realm of cloud computing. If you're considering incorporating containers into your research or project portfolio, it's highly likely you'll interact with a K8s Cluster. In this introductory lesson, we'll focus on how to leverage existing Kubernetes Clusters using kubectl . Why would you want to build your own K8s Cluster? You're here to learn about containerized applications and container orchestration. We aim to familiarize you with these technologies and help you understand their place in the roadmap of Cloud Native Computing. However, it's crucial to note, Designing, deploying, and maintaining your own K8s cluster can be a complex and challenging task This is partly because there are numerous existing platforms out there, such as managed K8s services. Additionally, managing K8s requires a dedicated DevOps or software engineering team to ensure your platform operates smoothly. Still interested in building your own cluster? Here are some reasons why you might need to use K8s for your research or project: (1) Your applications consist of multiple services. The K8s API automates the tasks of managing numerous containers and allocating resources. (2) Your work scales dynamically - if your computing needs fluctuate based on workloads, K8s can be useful. Using containers to scale your applications is more efficient than manually launching VMs. (3) You have too many containers to manage - K8s excels at its primary function: managing and maintaining containers. (4) Your domain is transitioning to the cloud. If your field is moving towards being cloud-native, it's crucial to develop workflows in anticipation of this shift. (5) Consistency is key. K8s' declarative state provides a clear description of how everything is managed. Kubernetes Terminology Kubernetes Cluster : A collection of nodes that run containerized applications. This is the primary unit of organization in Kubernetes. kubectl : The command-line interface used for interacting with Kubernetes clusters. It enables users to manage various aspects of the cluster. Pod : The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, which can consist of one or more containers that communicate with each other. Pods are run on nodes. Node : Typically a virtual machine (VM) that runs Kubernetes components, including the kubelet, kube-proxy, and container runtime. Kubelet : The agent that runs on each node, responsible for managing the pods on its respective VM. Kube-proxy : A network proxy that runs on each node, used by a Service to handle network communication. Container runtime : The software that runs containers within pods. Examples include Docker , containerd (native to Kubernetes), and CRI-O . Service : Assigns a network address to an application, including a persistent IP address and a DNS entry within the cluster. A Service also manages load balancing across pods and can dynamically add or remove them. ReplicaSet : Allows for the creation of multiple pods simultaneously, ensuring that a specified number of identical pods are running at any given time. Deployment : Provides declarative updates for Pods and ReplicaSets, allowing for rolling updates and rollbacks. Control Plane : A node that manages worker nodes. It consists of the API server, cluster store, controller manager, and scheduler. Namespace : A way to divide cluster resources between multiple users. Ingress : An API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically HTTP. Persistent Volume (PV) : A piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator. Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) : A request for storage by a user. ConfigMap : An API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs. Secret : An API object used to store sensitive data, like passwords and keys.","title":"Lesson 1: Introduction to Kubernetes"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#k8s-cli-kubectl","text":"The Kubernetes API uses a command-line tool called kubectl Using K8s does not require you to own or maintain your own cluster. You can use the kubectl tool to connect to running clusters and start your containers.","title":"K8s CLI kubectl"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#install-kubectl","text":"Official Documentation kubectl is already installed in CodeSpaces. To install on Linux: curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl chmod +x kubectl sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl","title":"Install kubectl"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#kubeconfig","text":"K8s uses YAML files for configuring a cluster. The config file is required to make the handshake between the K8s Cluster and external requests, like the one you're making from your local computer or CodeSpace.","title":" kubeconfig"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#config-yaml","text":"To connect to a running K8s cluster, you need to create a config yaml and place it in the ~/.kube/ folder. example config file Example of the ~/.kube/config file which is used for K3s apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: DATA+OMITTED server: https://127.0.0.1:6443 name: k3s-tutorial contexts: - context: cluster: k3s-tutorial namespace: cc2023 user: participant-name name: k3s-tutorial current-context: k3s-tutorial kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: participant user: client-certificate-data: REDACTED client-key-data: REDACTED Copy the ~/.kube/config file from your cluster or use our example here over to your localhost or VM and put it into a temporary directory. Make a second copy and put it into your own ~/.kube/config folder By default, the config file is in the ~/.kube/ directory, but it can be put anywhere or given any name, use the --kubeconfig flag to tell kubectl where to get the config: kubectl --kubeconfig /custom/path/kube.config get pods","title":"config yaml"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#setting-up-the-namespace","text":"kubectl needs to know what the namespace is of of the Cluster config you're working with. In the first example today, we're going to be working with a cluster with a pre-set namespace To set the context and namespace of the cluster on your localhost: kubectl config set-context cc2022 --namespace=containercamp2022 Once the config is set, you should be ready to launch \"pods\" i.e. containers on the cluster","title":"Setting up the namespace"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#pods","text":"We are going to launch pods (w/ containers) on the same K3s cluster which is already running in JS-2. Create a new file in your VM or localhost called pod1.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username> spec: containers: - name: mypod image: alpine:3.14 resources: limits: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m requests: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m command: [\"sh\", \"-c\", \"sleep infinity\"]","title":" pods"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#launching-a-pod","text":"Try launching a pod on the cluster kubectl create -f pod1.yaml Check to see that it is running kubectl get pods Do you see any other pods? If the pod hasn't started yet, you can check the timestamp to see if it was created: kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp Try to connect to your running pod (container) kubectl exec -it pod-<yourusername> -- /bin/sh","title":"Launching a Pod"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#pod-networking","text":"Let's check the networking inside the pod # uncomment if ifconfig is not installed # apk add net-tools ifconfig -a Exit the pod ( ctrl ^ D ) Check the IP with kubectl kubectl get pod -o wide pod-<yourname>","title":"Pod networking"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#taking-down-a-pod","text":"Once you've exited the pod, delete it kubectl delete -f pod1.yaml double check that its gone kubectl get pods","title":"Taking down a Pod"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#create-a-deployment","text":"While we can create and delete pods on our own, what we realy want is to make our containers have \"high availability\". High availiability means that when a node dies or is restarted, the pod will \"come back up\" on its own.","title":"Create a Deployment"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#run-a-dashboard","text":"UpCloud instructions Once the cluster is up and running, you may choose to create a Dashboard for it The Dashboard can only run from a localhost so we have to do an ssh tunnel to connect to it ssh -L localhost:8001:127.0.0.1:8001 <user>@<master_public_IP> start the dashboard kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml check to see the dashboard pods are running kubectl get pods -A","title":"Run a Dashboard"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#create-an-admin-dashboard-user","text":"mkdir ~/dashboard && cd ~/dashboard create a dashboard-admin.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: admin-user roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard deploy kubectl apply -f dashboard-admin.yaml print the admin token so you can log into the dashboard kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=\"{.secrets[0].name}\") -o jsonpath=\"{.data.token}\" | base64 --decode","title":"create an admin dashboard user"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#create-a-read-only-dashboard-read-onlyyaml-user","text":"apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: read-only-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: \"true\" labels: name: read-only-clusterrole namespace: default rules: - apiGroups: - \"\" resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch - apiGroups: - extensions resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch - apiGroups: - apps resources: [\"*\"] verbs: - get - list - watch --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: read-only-binding roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: read-only-clusterrole apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: read-only-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard deploy it kubectl apply -f dashboard-read-only.yaml print read-only token kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard $(kubectl get serviceaccount read-only-user -n kubernetes-dashboard -o jsonpath=\"{.secrets[0].name}\") -o jsonpath=\"{.data.token}\" | base64 --decode","title":"create a read-only dashboard-read-only.yaml user"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#start-the-dashboard","text":"kubectl proxy http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ Copy/Paste your admin or read-only token","title":"Start the dashboard"},{"location":"orchestration/k8s/#delete-the-dashboard","text":"kubectl delete -f dashboard-admin.yaml kubectl delete -f dashboard-read-only.yaml kubectl delete -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml","title":"delete the dashboard"},{"location":"orchestration/registry/","text":"If you maintain your own cyberinfrastructure and are pulling many containers per day, you may consider hosting your own registry. Docker Registry Server \u00b6 Setting up your own Docker Registry Server Registry deployment documentation Harbor \u00b6 Harbor is for managing container registries with Kubernetes CyVerse manages their own public/private Harbor server for their Discovery Environment. You can authenticate to it using your CyVerse user account. https://harbor.cyverse.org CyVerse featured Docker containers in the Discovery Environment are cached on our Harbor, using a combination of GitHub Actions. https://github.com/cyverse-vice","title":"Manage private container registry"},{"location":"orchestration/registry/#docker-registry-server","text":"Setting up your own Docker Registry Server Registry deployment documentation","title":" Docker Registry Server"},{"location":"orchestration/registry/#harbor","text":"Harbor is for managing container registries with Kubernetes CyVerse manages their own public/private Harbor server for their Discovery Environment. You can authenticate to it using your CyVerse user account. https://harbor.cyverse.org CyVerse featured Docker containers in the Discovery Environment are cached on our Harbor, using a combination of GitHub Actions. https://github.com/cyverse-vice","title":" Harbor"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/","text":"Introduction to Terraform \u00b6 Terraform is an open-source infrastructure-as-code (IaC) software tool created by HashiCorp . What is Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC)? \"Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools.\" - Wikipedia IaC tools allow you to manage infrastructure with configuration files rather than through a graphical user interface. IaC allows you to build, change, and manage your infrastructure in a safe, consistent, and repeatable way by defining resource configurations that you can version, reuse, and share. -- Terraform Documentation Overview \u00b6 This basic tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) as infrastructure on OpenStack Cloud. Goals Understand orchestration for deployment to OpenStack cloud (Jetstream2) Understand the benefits of Terraform Ability to perform basic deployments on OpenStack using Terraform Ability to perform provisioning of deployed OpenStack resources through Terraform Things we won't cover OpenStack API All of Terraform's features Prerequisites \u00b6 Basic understanding of OpenStack and VMs Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use Jetstream2 ) Terraform installed on your local machine Optional: request your own allocation to Jetstream2 on NSF ACCESS-CI Outcomes By the end of this tutorial, you will have created SSH keypair generated an *-openrc.sh file from OpenStack started, stopped, and destroyed a Terraform deployment on an OpenStack Cloud Terminology Ansible - is a suite of software tools that enables infrastructure as code Deploy - to create a cloud resource or software Infrastructure - is the collection of hardware and software elements such as computing power, networking, storage, and virtualization resources needed to enable cloud computing Orchestration - is the automated configuring, coordinating, and managing of computer systems and software Playbook - are a list of tasks that automatically execute against a host Provision - making changes to a VM including updating the operating system, installing software, adding configurations Terraform - is an infrastructure as code tool that lets you build, change, and version cloud and on-prem resources safely and efficiently Getting onto OpenStack Cloud \u00b6 What is OpenStack? OpenStack is an open source cloud computing infrastructure software project and is one of the three most active open source projects in the world. OpenStack clouds are managed by individuals and institutions on their own bare-metal hardware. If you do not have an account, go to https://allocations.access-ci.org/ and begin the process by requesting an \"Explore\" start-up allocation. ACCESS is the NSF's management layer for their research computing network (formerly called TerraGrid and XSEDE) which includes high performance computing, high throughput computing, and research clouds like Jetstream2. Jetstream2 is a public research cloud which uses OpenStack as its management layer. CyVerse is developing a User Interface for Jetstream2 called CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration) . Beneath its hood is Terraform. CACAO can also be used from the CLI (which we will show in a later lesson ). Terraform installation \u00b6 Official Documentation Windows Installation Download Terraform using the appropriate distribution for your OS Mac OS X Installation Instructions for Mac OS X installation If you're on OS X, you can use brew to install with the following commands: # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory) brew install ansible jq Linux Installation Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg echo \"deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $( lsb_release -cs ) main\" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform Install Ansible & J Query sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq Confirm installation: terraform Should output: Usage: terraform [ global options ] <subcommand> [ args ] The available commands for execution are listed below. The primary workflow commands are given first, followed by less common or more advanced commands. Main commands: init Prepare your working directory for other commands validate Check whether the configuration is valid plan Show changes required by the current configuration apply Create or update infrastructure destroy Destroy previously-created infrastructure All other commands: console Try Terraform expressions at an interactive command prompt fmt Reformat your configuration in the standard style force-unlock Release a stuck lock on the current workspace get Install or upgrade remote Terraform modules graph Generate a Graphviz graph of the steps in an operation import Associate existing infrastructure with a Terraform resource login Obtain and save credentials for a remote host logout Remove locally-stored credentials for a remote host metadata Metadata related commands output Show output values from your root module providers Show the providers required for this configuration refresh Update the state to match remote systems show Show the current state or a saved plan state Advanced state management taint Mark a resource instance as not fully functional test Experimental support for module integration testing untaint Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource instance version Show the current Terraform version workspace Workspace management Global options ( use these before the subcommand, if any ) : -chdir = DIR Switch to a different working directory before executing the given subcommand. -help Show this help output, or the help for a specified subcommand. -version An alias for the \"version\" subcommand. Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform \u00b6 Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface Step 1 Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface and create application credentials Generate an openrc.sh file in Jetstream2 Horizon Interface ( https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org ), Select the \"Identity\" then \"Application Credentials\" option in the menu (left side) Select \"+ Create Application Credential\" button on right Give your new credentials a name and description, leave most of the fields blank Download the new crededential openrc.sh file to your local Important Do not close the Application Credentials window without copying the secret or downloading the openrc.sh file. Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack \u00b6 Creating a SSH key To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair: ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 Step 2: When prompted, press \"Enter\" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key. Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later. Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command: eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa Step 3: Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing \"user\" and \"server\" with your username and server address: ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip> create_ssh_script.sh: #!/bin/bash echo \"Generating SSH key pair...\" ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 echo \"Adding key to SSH agent...\" eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa read -p \"Enter your remote server username: \" username read -p \"Enter your remote server IP address: \" server echo \"Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:\" ssh-copy-id username@server echo \"SSH key setup complete!\" Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command: chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh run it with the following command: ./create_ssh_script.sh Check to make sure you have a public key in the ~/.ssh/ directory, it should have the extension .pub ls ~/.ssh/ Create the keypair to OpenStack openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub tswetnam-terraform-key You can now check in OpenStack for the new keypair here: https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs Initialize your Terraform project \u00b6 Create a new project folder for our configuration files. mkdir ~/terraform Copy the openrc.sh file you downloaded from OpenStack into the new folder. cp *-openrc.sh ~/terraform/ Change Directory into your new terraform/ folder and source the openrc.sh file to create its environmental variables locally. By sourcing this file, you avoid placing sensitive information about yourself into your code. source *-openrc.sh Configuration files \u00b6 Terraform code is written in HCL (Hashicorp Configuration Language), and its configuration files typically end in the .tf file extension. Configuration .tf files can either be split into multiple files or maintained in a single file. When using multiple files, it is up to your discretion what the file names are, or how many you decide to split it into. File Organization \u00b6 An example for file organization of a terraform project might involve: terraform-project / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 instances . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 security . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 modules / \u251c\u2500\u2500 network / \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 compute / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf Main Configuration File ( main.tf ): - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage. Security File ( security.tf ): - contains optional security group details for instances. Variables File ( variables.tf ): - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context. Instances File ( instances.tf ): - provisions the Instance flavor and IP networking of the VMs Outputs File ( outputs.tf ): - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources. Other optional files \u00b6 Provider Configuration File ( provider.tf ): - includes the provider(s) used in the configuration, such as OpenStack (on commerical cloud: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure, or Google Cloud Platform(GCP)) along with their authentication and regional settings. Modules and Reusable Configurations: - create separate .tf files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs. Terraform configuration files. \u00b6 Create the main.tf file in the ~/terraform/ directory main.tf \u00b6 terraform { required_version = \">= 0.14.0\" required_providers { openstack = { source = \"terraform-provider-openstack/openstack\" version = \">=1.47.0\" } } } provider \"openstack\" { auth_url = \"https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:5000/v3/\" region = \"IU\" } The main.tf file has just the basics for calling out to an OpenStack provider - we created the necessary configurations for this in the prior steps by sourcing the *-openrc.sh file and running terraform init . variables.tf \u00b6 Create variables.tf , it can also be called inputs.tf Here you need to go back to OpenStack and get a couple of additional variables: vm_number - defines the number of VMs you wish to launch public_key - you need the name of your paired SSH key that you generated in the prior step image_name - select the name of a featured or unique image you wish to launch. variable \"vm_number\" { # creates a single VM # replace with a larger number to launch more than one VM default = \"1\" } variable \"public_key\" { # replace this with the name of the public ssh key you uploaded to Jetstream 2 # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/cli/managing-ssh-keys/ default = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" } variable \"image_name\" { # replace this with the image name of the ubuntu iso you want to use # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/images default = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" } variable \"network_name\" { # replace this with the id of the public interface on JS2 in Project / Network / Networks / public # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/networks/ default = \"auto_allocated_network\" } security.tf \u00b6 This file produces two distinct security groups, terraform_ssh_ping creates a group with ssh access and ping , terraform_tcp_1 creates a group which opens the HTTP (80, 8080), HTTPS (443) ports for connecting a browser based service. ################ #Security section ################ # Creating Compute Security group resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" #ssh rule rule { ip_protocol = \"tcp\" from_port = \"22\" to_port = \"22\" cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" } rule { from_port = -1 to_port = -1 ip_protocol = \"icmp\" cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" } } # Create a Netowrking Security group resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" } # Allow HTTP (port 80) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 80 port_range_max = 80 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" } # Allow HTTPS (port 443) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 443 port_range_max = 443 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" } # Allow Service (port 8080) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 8080 port_range_max = 8080 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" } instances.tf \u00b6 ################ # Instance OS ################ # create each Ubuntu20 instance resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_ ${ count .index } \" # ID of Featured-Ubuntu20 image_name = var.image_name # flavor_id is the size of the VM # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/vmsizes/ flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" # this public key is set above in security section key_pair = var.public_key security_groups = [ \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , \"default\" ] count = var.vm_number metadata = { terraform_controlled = \"yes\" } network { name = var.network_name } #depends_on = [openstack_networking_network_v2.terraform_network] } # creating floating ips from the public ip pool resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { pool = \"public\" count = var.vm_number } # assign floating ip to each Ubuntu20 VM resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { floating_ip = \" ${ openstack_networking_floatingip_v2 .terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[count.index].address } \" instance_id = \" ${ openstack_compute_instance_v2 .Ubuntu20[count.index].id } \" count = var.vm_number } output.tf \u00b6 ################ #Output ################ output \"floating_ip_ubuntu20\" { value = openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20.*.address description = \"Public IP for Ubuntu 20\" } terraform.tfvars \u00b6 A terraform.tfvars file is used to define the values of input variables. It can also be renamed *.auto.tfvars . It serves as a convenient way to store and manage variable values that you don't want to hardcode in your .tf files or provide via command-line arguments. By using a terraform.tfvars file, you can easily customize and update the variable values for different environments or scenarios. The file should contain key-value pairs, where the key is the variable name and the value is the corresponding variable value. The syntax for defining variables in the terraform.tfvars file can be either HCL or JSON. Add your OpenStack credentials and other required information to terraform.tfvars : In HCL: openstack_user_name = \"your-openstack-username\" openstack_password = \"your-openstack-password\" openstack_tenant_name = \"your-openstack-tenant-name\" openstack_auth_url = \"your-openstack-auth-url\" In JSON: { \"openstack_user_name\" : \"your-openstack-username\" , \"openstack_password\" : \"your-openstack-password\" , \"openstack_tenant_name\" : \"your-openstack-tenant-name\" , \"openstack_auth_url\" : \"your-openstack-auth-url\" } When you run terraform apply or terraform plan , Terraform will automatically load the values from the terraform.tfvars file if it exists in the working directory. You can also create multiple .tfvars files and specify which one to use by passing the -var-file flag when executing Terraform commands: terraform apply -var-file = \"custom.tfvars\" Intermediate directories and files \u00b6 When terraform plan and terraform apply are executed, Terraform generates some new project files, notably .terraform/ - this directory will contain the terraform-provider-openstack_version and a README.md , LICENCE , and CHANGELOG.md terraform.lock.hcl terraform.tfstate terraform.tfstate.backup Terraform Commands \u00b6 init \u00b6 Now, you are ready to initialize the Terraform project cd ~/terraform terraform init Expected Response Initializing the backend... Initializing provider plugins... - Reusing previous version of terraform-provider-openstack/openstack from the dependency lock file - Using previously-installed terraform-provider-openstack/openstack v1.51.1 Terraform has been successfully initialized! You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running \"terraform plan\" to see any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands should now work. If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform, rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary. plan \u00b6 plan - generates the configuration based on the .tf files in the initialized directory terraform plan Expected Response Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: + create Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + instance_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { + access_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + access_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + all_metadata = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + availability_zone = ( known after apply ) + created = ( known after apply ) + flavor_id = ( known after apply ) + flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" + force_delete = false + id = ( known after apply ) + image_id = ( known after apply ) + image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" + key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" + metadata = { + \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } + name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" + power_state = \"active\" + region = ( known after apply ) + security_groups = [ + \"default\" , + \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] + stop_before_destroy = false + updated = ( known after apply ) + network { + access_network = false + fixed_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + mac = ( known after apply ) + name = \"auto_allocated_network\" + port = ( known after apply ) + uuid = ( known after apply ) } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { + description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" + region = ( known after apply ) + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = -1 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"icmp\" + self = false + to_port = -1 } + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = 22 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"tcp\" + self = false + to_port = 22 } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + address = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + dns_domain = ( known after apply ) + dns_name = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + pool = \"public\" + port_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) + subnet_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 80 + port_range_min = 80 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 443 + port_range_min = 443 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 8080 + port_range_min = 8080 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" + region = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ + null, ] \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Note: You didn 't use the -out option to save this plan, so Terraform can' t guarantee to take exactly these actions if you run \"terraform apply\" now. apply \u00b6 terraform apply Expected response Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: + create Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + instance_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { + access_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + access_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + all_metadata = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + availability_zone = ( known after apply ) + created = ( known after apply ) + flavor_id = ( known after apply ) + flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" + force_delete = false + id = ( known after apply ) + image_id = ( known after apply ) + image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" + key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" + metadata = { + \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } + name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" + power_state = \"active\" + region = ( known after apply ) + security_groups = [ + \"default\" , + \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] + stop_before_destroy = false + updated = ( known after apply ) + network { + access_network = false + fixed_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + mac = ( known after apply ) + name = \"auto_allocated_network\" + port = ( known after apply ) + uuid = ( known after apply ) } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { + description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" + region = ( known after apply ) + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = -1 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"icmp\" + self = false + to_port = -1 } + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = 22 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"tcp\" + self = false + to_port = 22 } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + address = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + dns_domain = ( known after apply ) + dns_name = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + pool = \"public\" + port_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) + subnet_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 80 + port_range_min = 80 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 443 + port_range_min = 443 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 8080 + port_range_min = 8080 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" + region = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ + null, ] Do you want to perform these actions? Terraform will perform the actions described above. Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve. You should be prompted Do you want to perform these actions? Terraform will perform the actions described above. Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve. Expected Response after choosing 'yes' openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creating... openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creating... openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creation complete after 1s [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creation complete after 1s [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creation complete after 2s [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creation complete after 2s [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creation complete after 4s [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 7s [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Still creating... [ 10s elapsed ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 15s [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 2s [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] Apply complete! Resources: 8 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed. Outputs: floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ \"149.165.168.217\" , ] Congratulations! You now have a running VM, you can check its status on Horizon, or try to connect to it over ssh The floating_ip_ubuntu20 should be the new VM's IP address (yours will be different than this example). ssh ubuntu@<IP-ADDRESS> Make sure that destroy \u00b6 When you are ready to complete the use of your VMs or your deployment, you can destroy the project. terraform destroy Expected Response openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Refreshing state... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Refreshing state... [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: - destroy Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { - floating_ip = \"149.165.168.217\" -> null - id = \"149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/\" -> null - instance_id = \"afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { - access_ip_v4 = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - all_metadata = { - \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } -> null - all_tags = [] -> null - availability_zone = \"nova\" -> null - created = \"2023-03-23 23:09:42 +0000 UTC\" -> null - flavor_id = \"1\" -> null - flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" -> null - force_delete = false -> null - id = \"afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c\" -> null - image_id = \"27424df1-c3ea-4c4a-ad8b-6ea9a476f6f8\" -> null - image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" -> null - key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" -> null - metadata = { - \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } -> null - name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" -> null - power_state = \"active\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - security_groups = [ - \"default\" , - \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] -> null - stop_before_destroy = false -> null - tags = [] -> null - updated = \"2023-03-23 23:09:52 +0000 UTC\" -> null - network { - access_network = false -> null - fixed_ip_v4 = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - mac = \"fa:16:3e:16:6e:8f\" -> null - name = \"auto_allocated_network\" -> null - uuid = \"e4ff98ff-d29a-48f4-a95b-88ebd6b0662f\" -> null } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { - description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - id = \"1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f\" -> null - name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - rule { - cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - from_port = -1 -> null - id = \"611e1c0a-edc1-462d-8e1a-5f8a72c4d968\" -> null - ip_protocol = \"icmp\" -> null - self = false -> null - to_port = -1 -> null } - rule { - cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - from_port = 22 -> null - id = \"ce99a035-5df2-4131-ba90-268d045d0ff3\" -> null - ip_protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - self = false -> null - to_port = 22 -> null } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { - address = \"149.165.168.217\" -> null - all_tags = [] -> null - fixed_ip = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - id = \"6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75\" -> null - pool = \"public\" -> null - port_id = \"71e9ae50-e281-4f98-afab-f1b6c1932806\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - tags = [] -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41\" -> null - port_range_max = 80 -> null - port_range_min = 80 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b\" -> null - port_range_max = 443 -> null - port_range_min = 443 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a\" -> null - port_range_max = 8080 -> null - port_range_min = 8080 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { - all_tags = [] -> null - description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - tags = [] -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } Plan: 0 to add, 0 to change, 8 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: - floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ - \"149.165.168.217\" , ] -> null Do you really want to destroy all resources? Terraform will destroy all your managed infrastructure, as shown above. There is no undo. Only 'yes' will be accepted to confirm. Enter a value: yes Expected Response after choosing 'yes' openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destroying... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destroying... [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destroying... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 3s openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destruction complete after 6s openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 6s openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Still destroying... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a, 10s elapsed ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Still destroying... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41, 10s elapsed ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destruction complete after 11s openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Still destroying... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c, 10s elapsed ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 10s openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destruction complete after 16s openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destroying... [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destruction complete after 9s openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destruction complete after 2s Destroy complete! Resources: 8 destroyed. Troubleshooting \u00b6 My deployment cannot authenticate to the provider Make sure that you run source *-openrc.sh to provide your OpenStack credentials. Also make sure that you are using the correct ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub key and that it has been injected to OpenStack terraform destroy did not complete there was an error like: Error: Error deleting openstack_compute_secgroup_v2 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f: Bad request with: [ DELETE https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:8774/v2.1/os-security-groups/1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] , error message: { \"badRequest\" : { \"code\" : 400 , \"message\" : \"Security Group 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f in use.\\nNeutron server returns request_ids: ['req-e3d1548c-9d4c-4445-9642-952977a44853']\" }} Try running terraform destroy one more time, occasionally Horizon times out while destroying deployments.","title":"Introduction to Terraform"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#introduction-to-terraform","text":"Terraform is an open-source infrastructure-as-code (IaC) software tool created by HashiCorp . What is Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC)? \"Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools.\" - Wikipedia IaC tools allow you to manage infrastructure with configuration files rather than through a graphical user interface. IaC allows you to build, change, and manage your infrastructure in a safe, consistent, and repeatable way by defining resource configurations that you can version, reuse, and share. -- Terraform Documentation","title":"Introduction to Terraform"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#overview","text":"This basic tutorial will guide you through setting up a Terraform project and deploying virtual machines (VMs) as infrastructure on OpenStack Cloud. Goals Understand orchestration for deployment to OpenStack cloud (Jetstream2) Understand the benefits of Terraform Ability to perform basic deployments on OpenStack using Terraform Ability to perform provisioning of deployed OpenStack resources through Terraform Things we won't cover OpenStack API All of Terraform's features","title":"Overview"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#prerequisites","text":"Basic understanding of OpenStack and VMs Access to an OpenStack cloud (we will use Jetstream2 ) Terraform installed on your local machine Optional: request your own allocation to Jetstream2 on NSF ACCESS-CI Outcomes By the end of this tutorial, you will have created SSH keypair generated an *-openrc.sh file from OpenStack started, stopped, and destroyed a Terraform deployment on an OpenStack Cloud Terminology Ansible - is a suite of software tools that enables infrastructure as code Deploy - to create a cloud resource or software Infrastructure - is the collection of hardware and software elements such as computing power, networking, storage, and virtualization resources needed to enable cloud computing Orchestration - is the automated configuring, coordinating, and managing of computer systems and software Playbook - are a list of tasks that automatically execute against a host Provision - making changes to a VM including updating the operating system, installing software, adding configurations Terraform - is an infrastructure as code tool that lets you build, change, and version cloud and on-prem resources safely and efficiently","title":"Prerequisites"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#getting-onto-openstack-cloud","text":"What is OpenStack? OpenStack is an open source cloud computing infrastructure software project and is one of the three most active open source projects in the world. OpenStack clouds are managed by individuals and institutions on their own bare-metal hardware. If you do not have an account, go to https://allocations.access-ci.org/ and begin the process by requesting an \"Explore\" start-up allocation. ACCESS is the NSF's management layer for their research computing network (formerly called TerraGrid and XSEDE) which includes high performance computing, high throughput computing, and research clouds like Jetstream2. Jetstream2 is a public research cloud which uses OpenStack as its management layer. CyVerse is developing a User Interface for Jetstream2 called CACAO (Cloud Automation & Continuous Analysis Orchestration) . Beneath its hood is Terraform. CACAO can also be used from the CLI (which we will show in a later lesson ).","title":"Getting onto  OpenStack Cloud"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#terraform-installation","text":"Official Documentation Windows Installation Download Terraform using the appropriate distribution for your OS Mac OS X Installation Instructions for Mac OS X installation If you're on OS X, you can use brew to install with the following commands: # install terraform -- taken from https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/install-cli brew tap hashicorp/tap && brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform # install ansible and jq (for processing terraform's statefile into an ansible inventory) brew install ansible jq Linux Installation Instructions for Ubuntu 22.04 installation wget -O- https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg echo \"deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com $( lsb_release -cs ) main\" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list sudo apt update && sudo apt install terraform Install Ansible & J Query sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible sudo apt update & sudo apt install -y ansible jq Confirm installation: terraform Should output: Usage: terraform [ global options ] <subcommand> [ args ] The available commands for execution are listed below. The primary workflow commands are given first, followed by less common or more advanced commands. Main commands: init Prepare your working directory for other commands validate Check whether the configuration is valid plan Show changes required by the current configuration apply Create or update infrastructure destroy Destroy previously-created infrastructure All other commands: console Try Terraform expressions at an interactive command prompt fmt Reformat your configuration in the standard style force-unlock Release a stuck lock on the current workspace get Install or upgrade remote Terraform modules graph Generate a Graphviz graph of the steps in an operation import Associate existing infrastructure with a Terraform resource login Obtain and save credentials for a remote host logout Remove locally-stored credentials for a remote host metadata Metadata related commands output Show output values from your root module providers Show the providers required for this configuration refresh Update the state to match remote systems show Show the current state or a saved plan state Advanced state management taint Mark a resource instance as not fully functional test Experimental support for module integration testing untaint Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource instance version Show the current Terraform version workspace Workspace management Global options ( use these before the subcommand, if any ) : -chdir = DIR Switch to a different working directory before executing the given subcommand. -help Show this help output, or the help for a specified subcommand. -version An alias for the \"version\" subcommand.","title":" Terraform installation"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#generate-an-openstack-credential-for-terraform","text":"Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface Step 1 Log into OpenStack's Horizon Interface and create application credentials Generate an openrc.sh file in Jetstream2 Horizon Interface ( https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org ), Select the \"Identity\" then \"Application Credentials\" option in the menu (left side) Select \"+ Create Application Credential\" button on right Give your new credentials a name and description, leave most of the fields blank Download the new crededential openrc.sh file to your local Important Do not close the Application Credentials window without copying the secret or downloading the openrc.sh file.","title":"Generate an OpenStack Credential for Terraform"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#create-an-ssh-keypair-with-openstack","text":"Creating a SSH key To create an SSH key on an Ubuntu 22.04 terminal, you can follow these steps: Step 1: Open your terminal and type the following command to generate a new SSH key pair: ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 Step 2: When prompted, press \"Enter\" to save the key in the default location, or enter a different filename and location to save the key. Enter a passphrase to secure your key. This passphrase will be required to use the key later. Once the key is generated, you can add it to your SSH agent by running the following command: eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa Step 3: Copy the public key to your remote server by running the following command, replacing \"user\" and \"server\" with your username and server address: ssh-copy-id <user>@<server-ip> create_ssh_script.sh: #!/bin/bash echo \"Generating SSH key pair...\" ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 echo \"Adding key to SSH agent...\" eval \" $( ssh-agent -s ) \" ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa read -p \"Enter your remote server username: \" username read -p \"Enter your remote server IP address: \" server echo \"Ready to copy your new public key to a remote server:\" ssh-copy-id username@server echo \"SSH key setup complete!\" Save the script to a file, make it executable with the following command: chmod +x create_ssh_script.sh run it with the following command: ./create_ssh_script.sh Check to make sure you have a public key in the ~/.ssh/ directory, it should have the extension .pub ls ~/.ssh/ Create the keypair to OpenStack openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub tswetnam-terraform-key You can now check in OpenStack for the new keypair here: https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/key_pairs","title":"Create an SSH keypair with OpenStack"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#initialize-your-terraform-project","text":"Create a new project folder for our configuration files. mkdir ~/terraform Copy the openrc.sh file you downloaded from OpenStack into the new folder. cp *-openrc.sh ~/terraform/ Change Directory into your new terraform/ folder and source the openrc.sh file to create its environmental variables locally. By sourcing this file, you avoid placing sensitive information about yourself into your code. source *-openrc.sh","title":"Initialize your Terraform project"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#configuration-files","text":"Terraform code is written in HCL (Hashicorp Configuration Language), and its configuration files typically end in the .tf file extension. Configuration .tf files can either be split into multiple files or maintained in a single file. When using multiple files, it is up to your discretion what the file names are, or how many you decide to split it into.","title":"Configuration files"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#file-organization","text":"An example for file organization of a terraform project might involve: terraform-project / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 instances . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 security . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 modules / \u251c\u2500\u2500 network / \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 compute / \u251c\u2500\u2500 main . tf \u251c\u2500\u2500 variables . tf \u2514\u2500\u2500 outputs . tf Main Configuration File ( main.tf ): - contains the primary infrastructure resources and configurations for virtual machines, networks, and storage. Security File ( security.tf ): - contains optional security group details for instances. Variables File ( variables.tf ): - defines all the input variables used in the configuration. Declare variables with default values or leave them empty for required user input. Include descriptions for each variable to provide context. Instances File ( instances.tf ): - provisions the Instance flavor and IP networking of the VMs Outputs File ( outputs.tf ): - defines the outputs Terraform displays after applying the Main and Variables configuration. Includes: IP addresses, DNS names, or information for resources.","title":"File Organization"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#other-optional-files","text":"Provider Configuration File ( provider.tf ): - includes the provider(s) used in the configuration, such as OpenStack (on commerical cloud: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Azure, or Google Cloud Platform(GCP)) along with their authentication and regional settings. Modules and Reusable Configurations: - create separate .tf files for reusable modules and configurations. Reuse across multiple projects or within the same project on multiple VMs.","title":"Other optional files"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#terraform-configuration-files","text":"Create the main.tf file in the ~/terraform/ directory","title":"Terraform configuration files."},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#maintf","text":"terraform { required_version = \">= 0.14.0\" required_providers { openstack = { source = \"terraform-provider-openstack/openstack\" version = \">=1.47.0\" } } } provider \"openstack\" { auth_url = \"https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:5000/v3/\" region = \"IU\" } The main.tf file has just the basics for calling out to an OpenStack provider - we created the necessary configurations for this in the prior steps by sourcing the *-openrc.sh file and running terraform init .","title":" main.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#variablestf","text":"Create variables.tf , it can also be called inputs.tf Here you need to go back to OpenStack and get a couple of additional variables: vm_number - defines the number of VMs you wish to launch public_key - you need the name of your paired SSH key that you generated in the prior step image_name - select the name of a featured or unique image you wish to launch. variable \"vm_number\" { # creates a single VM # replace with a larger number to launch more than one VM default = \"1\" } variable \"public_key\" { # replace this with the name of the public ssh key you uploaded to Jetstream 2 # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/ui/cli/managing-ssh-keys/ default = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" } variable \"image_name\" { # replace this with the image name of the ubuntu iso you want to use # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/images default = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" } variable \"network_name\" { # replace this with the id of the public interface on JS2 in Project / Network / Networks / public # https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org/project/networks/ default = \"auto_allocated_network\" }","title":" variables.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#securitytf","text":"This file produces two distinct security groups, terraform_ssh_ping creates a group with ssh access and ping , terraform_tcp_1 creates a group which opens the HTTP (80, 8080), HTTPS (443) ports for connecting a browser based service. ################ #Security section ################ # Creating Compute Security group resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" #ssh rule rule { ip_protocol = \"tcp\" from_port = \"22\" to_port = \"22\" cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" } rule { from_port = -1 to_port = -1 ip_protocol = \"icmp\" cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" } } # Create a Netowrking Security group resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" } # Allow HTTP (port 80) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 80 port_range_max = 80 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" } # Allow HTTPS (port 443) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 443 port_range_max = 443 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" } # Allow Service (port 8080) traffic resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { direction = \"ingress\" ethertype = \"IPv4\" protocol = \"tcp\" port_range_min = 8080 port_range_max = 8080 remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" security_group_id = \" ${ openstack_networking_secgroup_v2 .terraform_tcp_1.id } \" }","title":" security.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#instancestf","text":"################ # Instance OS ################ # create each Ubuntu20 instance resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_ ${ count .index } \" # ID of Featured-Ubuntu20 image_name = var.image_name # flavor_id is the size of the VM # https://docs.jetstream-cloud.org/general/vmsizes/ flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" # this public key is set above in security section key_pair = var.public_key security_groups = [ \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , \"default\" ] count = var.vm_number metadata = { terraform_controlled = \"yes\" } network { name = var.network_name } #depends_on = [openstack_networking_network_v2.terraform_network] } # creating floating ips from the public ip pool resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { pool = \"public\" count = var.vm_number } # assign floating ip to each Ubuntu20 VM resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { floating_ip = \" ${ openstack_networking_floatingip_v2 .terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[count.index].address } \" instance_id = \" ${ openstack_compute_instance_v2 .Ubuntu20[count.index].id } \" count = var.vm_number }","title":" instances.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#outputtf","text":"################ #Output ################ output \"floating_ip_ubuntu20\" { value = openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20.*.address description = \"Public IP for Ubuntu 20\" }","title":" output.tf"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#terraformtfvars","text":"A terraform.tfvars file is used to define the values of input variables. It can also be renamed *.auto.tfvars . It serves as a convenient way to store and manage variable values that you don't want to hardcode in your .tf files or provide via command-line arguments. By using a terraform.tfvars file, you can easily customize and update the variable values for different environments or scenarios. The file should contain key-value pairs, where the key is the variable name and the value is the corresponding variable value. The syntax for defining variables in the terraform.tfvars file can be either HCL or JSON. Add your OpenStack credentials and other required information to terraform.tfvars : In HCL: openstack_user_name = \"your-openstack-username\" openstack_password = \"your-openstack-password\" openstack_tenant_name = \"your-openstack-tenant-name\" openstack_auth_url = \"your-openstack-auth-url\" In JSON: { \"openstack_user_name\" : \"your-openstack-username\" , \"openstack_password\" : \"your-openstack-password\" , \"openstack_tenant_name\" : \"your-openstack-tenant-name\" , \"openstack_auth_url\" : \"your-openstack-auth-url\" } When you run terraform apply or terraform plan , Terraform will automatically load the values from the terraform.tfvars file if it exists in the working directory. You can also create multiple .tfvars files and specify which one to use by passing the -var-file flag when executing Terraform commands: terraform apply -var-file = \"custom.tfvars\"","title":" terraform.tfvars"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#intermediate-directories-and-files","text":"When terraform plan and terraform apply are executed, Terraform generates some new project files, notably .terraform/ - this directory will contain the terraform-provider-openstack_version and a README.md , LICENCE , and CHANGELOG.md terraform.lock.hcl terraform.tfstate terraform.tfstate.backup","title":" Intermediate directories and files"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#terraform-commands","text":"","title":" Terraform Commands"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#init","text":"Now, you are ready to initialize the Terraform project cd ~/terraform terraform init Expected Response Initializing the backend... Initializing provider plugins... - Reusing previous version of terraform-provider-openstack/openstack from the dependency lock file - Using previously-installed terraform-provider-openstack/openstack v1.51.1 Terraform has been successfully initialized! You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running \"terraform plan\" to see any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands should now work. If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform, rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.","title":" init"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#plan","text":"plan - generates the configuration based on the .tf files in the initialized directory terraform plan Expected Response Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: + create Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + instance_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { + access_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + access_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + all_metadata = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + availability_zone = ( known after apply ) + created = ( known after apply ) + flavor_id = ( known after apply ) + flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" + force_delete = false + id = ( known after apply ) + image_id = ( known after apply ) + image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" + key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" + metadata = { + \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } + name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" + power_state = \"active\" + region = ( known after apply ) + security_groups = [ + \"default\" , + \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] + stop_before_destroy = false + updated = ( known after apply ) + network { + access_network = false + fixed_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + mac = ( known after apply ) + name = \"auto_allocated_network\" + port = ( known after apply ) + uuid = ( known after apply ) } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { + description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" + region = ( known after apply ) + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = -1 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"icmp\" + self = false + to_port = -1 } + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = 22 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"tcp\" + self = false + to_port = 22 } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + address = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + dns_domain = ( known after apply ) + dns_name = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + pool = \"public\" + port_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) + subnet_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 80 + port_range_min = 80 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 443 + port_range_min = 443 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 8080 + port_range_min = 8080 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" + region = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ + null, ] \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Note: You didn 't use the -out option to save this plan, so Terraform can' t guarantee to take exactly these actions if you run \"terraform apply\" now.","title":" plan"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#apply","text":"terraform apply Expected response Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: + create Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + instance_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { + access_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + access_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + all_metadata = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + availability_zone = ( known after apply ) + created = ( known after apply ) + flavor_id = ( known after apply ) + flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" + force_delete = false + id = ( known after apply ) + image_id = ( known after apply ) + image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" + key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" + metadata = { + \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } + name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" + power_state = \"active\" + region = ( known after apply ) + security_groups = [ + \"default\" , + \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] + stop_before_destroy = false + updated = ( known after apply ) + network { + access_network = false + fixed_ip_v4 = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip_v6 = ( known after apply ) + floating_ip = ( known after apply ) + mac = ( known after apply ) + name = \"auto_allocated_network\" + port = ( known after apply ) + uuid = ( known after apply ) } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be created + resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { + description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" + region = ( known after apply ) + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = -1 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"icmp\" + self = false + to_port = -1 } + rule { + cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + from_port = 22 + id = ( known after apply ) + ip_protocol = \"tcp\" + self = false + to_port = 22 } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { + address = ( known after apply ) + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + dns_domain = ( known after apply ) + dns_name = ( known after apply ) + fixed_ip = ( known after apply ) + id = ( known after apply ) + pool = \"public\" + port_id = ( known after apply ) + region = ( known after apply ) + subnet_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 80 + port_range_min = 80 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 443 + port_range_min = 443 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { + direction = \"ingress\" + ethertype = \"IPv4\" + id = ( known after apply ) + port_range_max = 8080 + port_range_min = 8080 + protocol = \"tcp\" + region = ( known after apply ) + remote_group_id = ( known after apply ) + remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" + security_group_id = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be created + resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { + all_tags = ( known after apply ) + description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" + id = ( known after apply ) + name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" + region = ( known after apply ) + tenant_id = ( known after apply ) } Plan: 8 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: + floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ + null, ] Do you want to perform these actions? Terraform will perform the actions described above. Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve. You should be prompted Do you want to perform these actions? Terraform will perform the actions described above. Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve. Expected Response after choosing 'yes' openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creating... openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creating... openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Creation complete after 1s [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creating... openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Creation complete after 1s [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Creation complete after 2s [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Creation complete after 2s [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Creation complete after 4s [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 7s [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Still creating... [ 10s elapsed ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 15s [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creating... openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Creation complete after 2s [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] Apply complete! Resources: 8 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed. Outputs: floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ \"149.165.168.217\" , ] Congratulations! You now have a running VM, you can check its status on Horizon, or try to connect to it over ssh The floating_ip_ubuntu20 should be the new VM's IP address (yours will be different than this example). ssh ubuntu@<IP-ADDRESS> Make sure that","title":" apply"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#destroy","text":"When you are ready to complete the use of your VMs or your deployment, you can destroy the project. terraform destroy Expected Response openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Refreshing state... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Refreshing state... [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Refreshing state... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Refreshing state... [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols: - destroy Terraform will perform the following actions: # openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { - floating_ip = \"149.165.168.217\" -> null - id = \"149.165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/\" -> null - instance_id = \"afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null } # openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_instance_v2\" \"Ubuntu20\" { - access_ip_v4 = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - all_metadata = { - \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } -> null - all_tags = [] -> null - availability_zone = \"nova\" -> null - created = \"2023-03-23 23:09:42 +0000 UTC\" -> null - flavor_id = \"1\" -> null - flavor_name = \"m3.tiny\" -> null - force_delete = false -> null - id = \"afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c\" -> null - image_id = \"27424df1-c3ea-4c4a-ad8b-6ea9a476f6f8\" -> null - image_name = \"Featured-Ubuntu20\" -> null - key_pair = \"tswetnam-terraform-key\" -> null - metadata = { - \"terraform_controlled\" = \"yes\" } -> null - name = \"container_camp_Ubuntu20_0\" -> null - power_state = \"active\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - security_groups = [ - \"default\" , - \"terraform_ssh_ping\" , ] -> null - stop_before_destroy = false -> null - tags = [] -> null - updated = \"2023-03-23 23:09:52 +0000 UTC\" -> null - network { - access_network = false -> null - fixed_ip_v4 = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - mac = \"fa:16:3e:16:6e:8f\" -> null - name = \"auto_allocated_network\" -> null - uuid = \"e4ff98ff-d29a-48f4-a95b-88ebd6b0662f\" -> null } } # openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_compute_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_ssh_ping\" { - description = \"Security group with SSH and PING open to 0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - id = \"1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f\" -> null - name = \"terraform_ssh_ping\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - rule { - cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - from_port = -1 -> null - id = \"611e1c0a-edc1-462d-8e1a-5f8a72c4d968\" -> null - ip_protocol = \"icmp\" -> null - self = false -> null - to_port = -1 -> null } - rule { - cidr = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - from_port = 22 -> null - id = \"ce99a035-5df2-4131-ba90-268d045d0ff3\" -> null - ip_protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - self = false -> null - to_port = 22 -> null } } # openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20[0] will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_floatingip_v2\" \"terraform_floatip_ubuntu20\" { - address = \"149.165.168.217\" -> null - all_tags = [] -> null - fixed_ip = \"10.0.24.205\" -> null - id = \"6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75\" -> null - pool = \"public\" -> null - port_id = \"71e9ae50-e281-4f98-afab-f1b6c1932806\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - tags = [] -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"http_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41\" -> null - port_range_max = 80 -> null - port_range_min = 80 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"https_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b\" -> null - port_range_max = 443 -> null - port_range_min = 443 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2\" \"service_rule\" { - direction = \"ingress\" -> null - ethertype = \"IPv4\" -> null - id = \"ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a\" -> null - port_range_max = 8080 -> null - port_range_min = 8080 -> null - protocol = \"tcp\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - remote_ip_prefix = \"0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - security_group_id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } # openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1 will be destroyed - resource \"openstack_networking_secgroup_v2\" \"terraform_tcp_1\" { - all_tags = [] -> null - description = \"Security group with TCP open to 0.0.0.0/0\" -> null - id = \"4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c\" -> null - name = \"terraform_tcp_1\" -> null - region = \"IU\" -> null - tags = [] -> null - tenant_id = \"db016a81886b4f918705e5dee2b24298\" -> null } Plan: 0 to add, 0 to change, 8 to destroy. Changes to Outputs: - floating_ip_ubuntu20 = [ - \"149.165.168.217\" , ] -> null Do you really want to destroy all resources? Terraform will destroy all your managed infrastructure, as shown above. There is no undo. Only 'yes' will be accepted to confirm. Enter a value: yes Expected Response after choosing 'yes' openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destroying... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destroying... [ id = 20225b99-fd2a-4a05-912c-61056fa21e3b ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destroying... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41 ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = 149 .165.168.217/afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c/ ] openstack_compute_floatingip_associate_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 3s openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = 6af630bc-9c16-450c-b16f-0483294d8d75 ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destroying... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.https_rule: Destruction complete after 6s openstack_networking_floatingip_v2.terraform_floatip_ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 6s openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Still destroying... [ id = ead48696-4aae-436f-a12b-8bf3ceac253a, 10s elapsed ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Still destroying... [ id = 2d7d6f4c-a3db-48ca-996a-1fe0b18f4f41, 10s elapsed ] openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.service_rule: Destruction complete after 11s openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Still destroying... [ id = afc53214-d2bd-45d5-b8b5-b6886976df8c, 10s elapsed ] openstack_compute_instance_v2.Ubuntu20 [ 0 ] : Destruction complete after 10s openstack_networking_secgroup_rule_v2.http_rule: Destruction complete after 16s openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destroying... [ id = 4f0ab1d5-ca29-4f60-9a65-c38d2380719c ] openstack_networking_secgroup_v2.terraform_tcp_1: Destruction complete after 9s openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destroying... [ id = 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] openstack_compute_secgroup_v2.terraform_ssh_ping: Destruction complete after 2s Destroy complete! Resources: 8 destroyed.","title":" destroy"},{"location":"orchestration/terra/#troubleshooting","text":"My deployment cannot authenticate to the provider Make sure that you run source *-openrc.sh to provide your OpenStack credentials. Also make sure that you are using the correct ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub key and that it has been injected to OpenStack terraform destroy did not complete there was an error like: Error: Error deleting openstack_compute_secgroup_v2 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f: Bad request with: [ DELETE https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:8774/v2.1/os-security-groups/1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f ] , error message: { \"badRequest\" : { \"code\" : 400 , \"message\" : \"Security Group 1af38fb4-1d41-4ac2-9c9f-91fc6bbaa72f in use.\\nNeutron server returns request_ids: ['req-e3d1548c-9d4c-4445-9642-952977a44853']\" }} Try running terraform destroy one more time, occasionally Horizon times out while destroying deployments.","title":"Troubleshooting"},{"location":"resources/chatgpt/","text":"","title":"Chatgpt"},{"location":"resources/docker/","text":"Useful Resources related to Docker \u00b6 Awesome Docker List Docker Labs Docker Community Forums Docker Hub Docker Official Documentation Docker on StackOverflow Official Twitter Play With Docker Docker Cloud Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries \u00b6 Harbor.io - Go Harbor Kubernetes Docker registry NVIDIA GPU Cloud BioContainers Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose \u00b6 Awesome Docker Compose Official Documentation","title":"Docker"},{"location":"resources/docker/#useful-resources-related-to-docker","text":"Awesome Docker List Docker Labs Docker Community Forums Docker Hub Docker Official Documentation Docker on StackOverflow Official Twitter Play With Docker Docker Cloud","title":"Useful Resources related to Docker"},{"location":"resources/docker/#useful-resources-related-to-private-and-self-hosted-container-registries","text":"Harbor.io - Go Harbor Kubernetes Docker registry NVIDIA GPU Cloud BioContainers","title":"Useful Resources related to Private and Self-Hosted Container Registries"},{"location":"resources/docker/#useful-resources-related-to-docker-compose","text":"Awesome Docker Compose Official Documentation","title":"Useful Resources related to Docker-Compose"},{"location":"resources/k8s/","text":"Useful resources related to Kubernetes \u00b6 Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Nubenetes Awesome Kubernetes & Cloud - A curated list of awesome references collected since 2018. Microservices architectures rely on DevOps practices, automation, CI/CD (Continuous Integration & Delivery), and API-focused designs. Golang awesome Kubernetes tools and resources Pacific Research Platform provides K8s through its Nautilus Clusters Admiralty - multi-cluster Kubernetes controller Rancher (K3s) Lightweight Kubernetes for Edge, IOT, CI deployments KEDA - K8s event driven autoscaler. Useful resources related to Automation \u00b6 Terraform by Hashicorp Terraform Awesome List","title":"Kubernetes"},{"location":"resources/k8s/#useful-resources-related-to-kubernetes","text":"Zero to JupyterHub with Kubernetes Nubenetes Awesome Kubernetes & Cloud - A curated list of awesome references collected since 2018. Microservices architectures rely on DevOps practices, automation, CI/CD (Continuous Integration & Delivery), and API-focused designs. Golang awesome Kubernetes tools and resources Pacific Research Platform provides K8s through its Nautilus Clusters Admiralty - multi-cluster Kubernetes controller Rancher (K3s) Lightweight Kubernetes for Edge, IOT, CI deployments KEDA - K8s event driven autoscaler.","title":"Useful resources related to  Kubernetes"},{"location":"resources/k8s/#useful-resources-related-to-automation","text":"Terraform by Hashicorp Terraform Awesome List","title":"Useful resources related to Automation"},{"location":"resources/post/","text":"General Notes and Discussions \u00b6 This section summarizes general notes, discussions and questions raised during both the Basics and Advanced section of Container Camp. Before you Continue This page is for archival and informative use only, reproduction (such as access to JetStream2 allocations, CodeSpaces) is limited. Basics \u00b6 Queries \u00b6 Q: What is an image? A: A file that lives in the cache on your computer... where 'cache' can be thought of like a desk. It's faster to retrieve a file from your desk than from the filing cabinet Q: What is a container? A: It's a virtualized run-time environment which starts from the image. A docker image is what you build. It has all of the software necessary to run the code. The Container is when you \"activate\" the image, an extra layer where you can work on top of the software you put in the image. The built image will contain its own OS - it will make no difference where you build your container. When you build an image, you can specify the architecture of the machine you want it to run on. Manage resources for your container by using commands to stop, pause, restart, remove a container. Q: How do I work with data and containers? A: Containers do not contain large amounts of data, as these will take space in the writable layer of the container (see above image). Instead, it is suggested to use Volumes as a best practice. A Volume is a directory that lives outside of the container that can be attached to said container. Once attached, the contents of the directory will be viewable and accessible to the container. In order to attach the volume, one must specify the directory on the computer AND the destination folder, separated by a colon (:). The format is as follows -v <directory on computer>:<directory in container> . Q: Ports. What are ports and why do we need them? A: Ports are where network connections start and end. These are not physical, and these allow software to connect to a network. Our computers run hundreds of processes, and chance is a lot of these processes require a connection to the network. In order for these processes to access the network, ports are required. A single process is assigned a single port - and this is how these software can connect to the internet. The reason why we need to open a port for Docker, is because the Docker container is trying to communicate with the network, however it requires us, the user, to assign a port for it. Without us assigning the port to the Docker container, the connection to the network cannot happen. More information on ports can be found at: - CloudFlare: Understanding Ports - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Port List - List of TCP and UDP port numbers Q: What is Docker's relationship with things like networking, ethernet, USB, HDMI? Are these things naturally closed or naturally open? Are there interfaces that you cannot access from docker? A: Docker is able to do Networking as it has its own networking subsystem (and commands). As this is an advanced topic, let me direct you to the official networking documentation here: https://docs.docker.com/network/ Q: Is there a way to emulate a display in Docker so that certain rendering code (like the plotting libraries in python) don't break when run in a container? A: [unsure if this is what you were looking for] Docker is able to run GUI applications; A display can be specified using the -e (environment) flag such as -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY . $DISPLAY can usually be specified to $0 , targeting the primary display. This little blog post may be able to help you further. Q: What should we know about accessing GPUs from docker? Won't the hardware you're running on affect the runnability of a container, despite the containerization of the image? A: NVIDIA Docker now uses a special flag for Docker (rather than needing its own installation) https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker . Q: Is malware ever a problem with Dockerfiles? Can you run a malicious image? A: It seems that Docker (and Kubernetes) related malware are now a thing. From personal experience, I have never run into issues. Q: If containers are software, why should I bother using a container instead of the software itself? A: Containers offer 3 great solutions to common problems: (1) reproducibility (2) version control. Docker images contain all of the required software in the form of layers, including specific versions of libraries. This allows to easily share your image and software without worring about collaborators having to install the correct software and version. (3) portability, so you can run it anywhere. Dockerfiles Hands-on \u00b6 Go to an example directory in the intro2docker repository with a Dockerfile cd alpine Build the container using the build command. Make sure to include the . docker build -t test/alpine . Note The container should get the default latest tag if it is not specified in the docker build command with the name test/alpine Start the container using the run command. docker run --rm test/alpine:latest To run the container and override its CMD, it will use its own shell sh : docker run -it --rm test/alpine:latest sh Dockerfiles are like your recipie book, and like every recipie book you have instructions. The instructions aren't for the user, but for Docker itself. These instruction are the capitalized commands you see at the beginning of lines, and these tell Docker what to do: Instruction Command FROM Instructs to use a specific Docker image LABEL Adds metadata to the image RUN Executes a specific command ENV Sets environmental variables COPY Copies a file from a specified location to the image CMD Sets a command to be executed when running a container ENTRYPOINT Configures and run a container as an executable USER Used to set User specific information EXPOSE exposes a specific port *the above list is nonexhaustive, visit the official Docker documentation for more information and further instructions. Pushing to DockerHub \u00b6 Build your docker image with docker build -t <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version> . then, log in to Docker with docker login -u <username> This will then ask for your Password; type in your password ( it will NOT show you the password ). If it does not login automatically, please follow the instructions here . Once you have logged in, push your docker to the DockerHub registry with docker push <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version> Your newly built Docker image now lives on DockerHub. You can view it at https://hub.docker.com/r/<username>/<Docker image> Assigning Users \u00b6 Create a new folder called ubuntu mkdir ubuntu Change into the folder cd ubuntu Create a Dockerfile ARG VERSION=18.04 FROM ubuntu:$VERSION RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y gnupg wget python3 python3-distro && \\ wget -qO - https://packages.irods.org/irods-signing-key.asc | apt-key add - && \\ echo \"deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.irods.org/apt/ $(lsb_release -sc) main\" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/renci-irods.list && \\ apt-get update && apt-get install irods-icommands -y COPY irods_environment.json /home/ubuntu/.irods/ RUN useradd ubuntu && \\ chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu USER ubuntu Create a file called irods_environment.json { \"irods_host\": \"data.cyverse.org\", \"irods_port\": 1247, \"irods_zone_name\": \"iplant\" } Build the container using your dockerhub username docker build -t <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04 . Run with docker run -it --rm <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04 Q: What did we do? A: We created an image whose the user is specified. Q: Why? A: When creating interactive containers, these containers are not built with root privileges. Assigning a specific user helps with defining the priviledges you want users to have. Q: Wait, what? A: When pulling a base image with the FROM instruction, sometimes the user is already defined. The only user with priviledges will be that already defined user. Therefore, in order to have the \"right\" priviledges, you have to assign the right user in your Dockerfile . RStudio Dockerfile \u00b6 The above steps where necessary in order to understand why in this following step we need to define a user. Navigate to rstudio/verse with cd rstudio/verse and create a Dockerfile: FROM rocker/verse:4.2.0 # Install your own stuff below RUN install2.r --error \\ # Added Packages PerformanceAnalytics \\ boot \\ devtools \\ dlm \\ dplyr \\ foreign \\ lubridate \\ plotly \\ truncreg \\ ggridges Build the Docker image with: docker build -t <yourusername>/rstudio:tag . Execute with docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true <username>/rstudio:<version> Docker Commands Cheat Sheets: \u00b6 https://cyverse-learning-materials.github.io/container-camp/docker/intro/#docker-commands https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/ https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet Advanced \u00b6 Github Actions: \u00b6 GitHub not only can host your code, but it can be used to create Docker images right within the GitHub repo using GitHub Actions. You first require to connect your DockerHub and your GitHub accounts: Navigate to Settings (in your repository) Select Secrets > Actions. Add a New Repository Secret and name it \"DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME\"; Paste here your Docker Account name. Add a New Repository Secret and name it \"DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN\", and DO NOT CLOSE IT Navigate to DockerHub and click Account Settings > Security > New Access Token Add a name you can recognize and COPY the password and add it to \"DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN\" (step 4). Now save and close. Your GitHub and DockerHub are connected! To create a new GitHub Action, navigate to the Action button on the top of your repository (create a repository first!), and click on New Workflow ; select Docker Image . Delete the template pase the following: name: <NAME OF ACTION> on: push: branches: [ main ] pull_request: branches: [ main ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Login to Docker Hub uses: docker/login-action@v1 with: username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }} password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }} - name: Build and push uses: docker/build-push-action@v2 with: context: . file: ./Dockerfile push: true tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/<NAME OF IMAGE ON DOCKERHUB>:<VERSION> - For the above code, modify all content in \" as you deem necessary. Remember to add a Dockerfile to your main repository! Working on the Cloud \u00b6 We discussed working with JetStream2 . - Access JetStream2 exoshpere - Access JetStream2 CyVerse (CACAO) Summary of running JS2 GPU Virtual Machines (VM): Navigate to : https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/ Click Create > Instance Select Ubuntu 20.04 Select a g3.small Instance and select (enable web desktop), click create. Wait for VM to spin up, test for functionality by: 1. click on web shell 2. From web shell, run nvidia-smi (if it returns a table, you are good to go) Running xpra on JS2: $ export DISPLAY=:0 $ xinit & $ docker run --gpus all --rm -it -p 9876:9876 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -e DISPLAY -e XAUTHORITY -e QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1 -e NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=all harbor.cyverse.org/vice/xpra/cudagl:20.04 Running jupyter-pytorch on JS2: $ docker run --gpus all -p 8888:8888 -e REDIRECT_URL=http://localhost:8888 harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch:latest Adding tools to CyVerse \u00b6 Running an app in CyVerse is a 2 step process: 1. Adding a Tool 2. Using the Tool for the App Adding the Tool: \u00b6 Navigate to Apps > Tools > More Actions > Add Tools Add Name, Version (for CyVerse, first block) Either paste your docker image DockerHub URL or the <repo>/<image> ; add the <tag> in the Tag field. Specifically for RStudio, add Port 80 (due to reverse port). Creating the App: \u00b6 Navigate to Apps, and select Create then Create New App Add a unique App Name and Description. Click on Select Tool and select the tool you just created, and select interactive . Click Next (and next, and next...), then click Save and Launch. Your app should be avaiable to access in a few minutes. Singularity \u00b6 A solution to run containers on a cluster/HPC. Q: Why can't I run docker on the HPC? A: Docker requires root proviledges ( sudo ), and these cannot be executed on the HPC. The HPC is a shared space, imagine everyone having root priviledges! All the possible unforseen changes to the system made by everyone will lead to a system error. Using the UArizona HPC as an example: with terminal, ssh into the HPC with ssh </user>@hpc.arizona.edu , enter your password (and DUO auth). Choose your cluser node (Puma is suggested, accessed with puma ), type interactive and wait for your interactive session to spin up. Follow lesson examples at TACC singularity basics . Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager \u00b6 SLURM is a job scheduler/manager, and in order to run jobs on a cluster, you need to write a shell script ( .sh ) with a list of instructions. Q: Why can't I just run things on my node? A: As HPCs are shared machines, there are numbers of submitted concurrent jobs. Ultimately, the best way to run all of these jobs, is to schedule when to run all jobs submitted by users. Said script requires a list of SLURM instructions (\"batch commands\") prior to the actual job commands. Following is an example of said script: #!/bin/bash #SBATCH -J myjob # Job name #SBATCH -o output.%j # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId) #SBATCH -p development # Queue name #SBATCH -N 1 # Total number of nodes requested (56 cores/node) #SBATCH -n 1 # Total number of mpi tasks requested #SBATCH -t 02:00:00 # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours #SBATCH --reservation ContainerTraining # a reservation only active during the training singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python For more examples see the TACC documentation on batch commands . Open Science Grid : Distributed High Throughput Computing \u00b6 OSG : consortium of rsearchers and institutions who share compute and data resources for distributed HTC in support for open science. (OSG requires you to sign up through a meeting*) Using Docker images/containres offers consistent, complete and reproducible environment across the OSG: \"running containers on the OSG is like bringing your own utensils to someone else's kitchen\". OSG keeps dockers in extracted format in the cvmfs ( official cvmfs documentation ), making it \"snappier\" to load and run the image. IT stores each of the layers in an uncompressed format, thus you users only spin up the necessary layers. Running Singularity \u00b6 Installing Singularity \u00b6 Installing Singularity requires Go: see instructions in the Singularity documentation . In summary: $ wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzvf go$VERSION.1.18.2-amd64.tar.gz $ echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc && source ~/.bashrc After installing Go, you can install Singularity: $ export VERSION=3.9.5 && # adjust this as necessary \\ wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \\ tar -xzf singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \\ cd singularity-ce-${VERSION} $ ./mconfig && \\ make -C builddir && \\ sudo make -C builddir install Running Docker Images with Singularity \u00b6 Singularity is able to create a .sif (singularity Image) from a Docker Image. To pull Docker Images with Singularity do $ singularity pull --name <name>.sif docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version> To run a Docker Image with Singularity do $ singularity run docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version> Singularity also comes with an exec function, which executes a command within the container singularity exec --bind /data:/mnt <my_container>.sif ls /mnt In the above example, we see the --bind flag, which mounts a volume (the /data folder) to the container. The command also lists ( ls ) the content of the data folder. Reminder : it is important that you don't forget the version!! Writing the Singularity recipie \u00b6 An example of a recipie is here below: Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu:16.04 %help This is the container help section. %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat Singularity, like Docker, has a list of instructions. Here is the equivalent of Docker instructions: Dockerfile FROM ARG COPY RUN ENV LABEL CMD Singularity Bootstrap: %post %files %post %environment %label %runscript To build the image, do $ sudo singularity build <name_of_container>.sif <singularity recipie> Notice how the above command uses sudo ! Singularity has its own Hub (like DockerHub ): https://cloud.sylabs.io/ The SyLabs singularity allows to build singularity Images directly in the GUI online. Kubernetes (K8s) \u00b6 Q: What is Kubernentes? A: Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. Here is an image of how a K8s cluseter looks like: Image: A control plane (could be made of a single machine) manages and distributes jobs to worker nodes. Installing K8s (on a UNIX system) \u00b6 Installation of K8s has a number of documentations, here are the basic instructions. $ curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl $ chmod +x kubectl $ sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl Initiating K8s head \u00b6 K8s uses kubectl to control various pods. Prior to running kubectl , during the installation, a folder named kube was created in your ~/. folder. There is an unpopulated config file in ~/.kube/ - for today's example, populate the config with apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: <authority data> server: <IP:port> name: default contexts: - context: cluster: default user: default name: default current-context: default kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: default user: client-certificate-data: <certificate data> client-key-data: <key data> Warning The above code has been modified <data> to protect information. The K8s head isn't online at the moment, and certificates change between config files. Interacting with Pods ( basically a container ) \u00b6 To launch a pod you require a pod config file. An example is apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username> spec: containers: - name: mypod image: alpine:3.14 resources: limits: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m requests: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m command: [\"sh\", \"-c\", \"sleep infinity\"] To create your pod, do kubetcl create -f pod1.yml To initiate your pod, do kubectl exec -it pod-<change-this-to-your-username> /bin/sh The above command will enter the shell of the pod. You can see what pods are running with kubectl get pods To remove a pod, do kubectl delete -f pod1.yml These are the absolute basics of Kubernentes. To read more, refer to the Kubernetes official documentation (and other massive number of online resources, Google is your friend!) . CACAO (alpha stage) \u00b6 CACAO is \"An event-driven multi-cloud service that enables resarchers and educators to effortlessly manage, scale and share their tools and workflows to any research-capable cloud using declarative templates\" - Edwin Skidmore Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key) \u00b6 CACAO can be access at https://js2.cyverse.org/ . You can access the CACAO deployments with an SSH key (or web browser). In order to create an ssh key, do $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 8192 -f joking Creates a file public key (your keys are usually in ~/.ssh/ ). To create a Kubernetes cluster, select \"+ Deployment\" and ensure that you're choosing Ubuntu 20 as your OS. To launch a multi VM running JupyterHub, choose \"+ Deployment\" and \"launch a multi-vm zero-to-jupyterhub\". Note: CACAO is still in Alpha phase . Read more on CACAO here .","title":"Camp Discussion and Notes"},{"location":"resources/post/#general-notes-and-discussions","text":"This section summarizes general notes, discussions and questions raised during both the Basics and Advanced section of Container Camp. Before you Continue This page is for archival and informative use only, reproduction (such as access to JetStream2 allocations, CodeSpaces) is limited.","title":"General Notes and Discussions"},{"location":"resources/post/#basics","text":"","title":"Basics"},{"location":"resources/post/#queries","text":"Q: What is an image? A: A file that lives in the cache on your computer... where 'cache' can be thought of like a desk. It's faster to retrieve a file from your desk than from the filing cabinet Q: What is a container? A: It's a virtualized run-time environment which starts from the image. A docker image is what you build. It has all of the software necessary to run the code. The Container is when you \"activate\" the image, an extra layer where you can work on top of the software you put in the image. The built image will contain its own OS - it will make no difference where you build your container. When you build an image, you can specify the architecture of the machine you want it to run on. Manage resources for your container by using commands to stop, pause, restart, remove a container. Q: How do I work with data and containers? A: Containers do not contain large amounts of data, as these will take space in the writable layer of the container (see above image). Instead, it is suggested to use Volumes as a best practice. A Volume is a directory that lives outside of the container that can be attached to said container. Once attached, the contents of the directory will be viewable and accessible to the container. In order to attach the volume, one must specify the directory on the computer AND the destination folder, separated by a colon (:). The format is as follows -v <directory on computer>:<directory in container> . Q: Ports. What are ports and why do we need them? A: Ports are where network connections start and end. These are not physical, and these allow software to connect to a network. Our computers run hundreds of processes, and chance is a lot of these processes require a connection to the network. In order for these processes to access the network, ports are required. A single process is assigned a single port - and this is how these software can connect to the internet. The reason why we need to open a port for Docker, is because the Docker container is trying to communicate with the network, however it requires us, the user, to assign a port for it. Without us assigning the port to the Docker container, the connection to the network cannot happen. More information on ports can be found at: - CloudFlare: Understanding Ports - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Port List - List of TCP and UDP port numbers Q: What is Docker's relationship with things like networking, ethernet, USB, HDMI? Are these things naturally closed or naturally open? Are there interfaces that you cannot access from docker? A: Docker is able to do Networking as it has its own networking subsystem (and commands). As this is an advanced topic, let me direct you to the official networking documentation here: https://docs.docker.com/network/ Q: Is there a way to emulate a display in Docker so that certain rendering code (like the plotting libraries in python) don't break when run in a container? A: [unsure if this is what you were looking for] Docker is able to run GUI applications; A display can be specified using the -e (environment) flag such as -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY . $DISPLAY can usually be specified to $0 , targeting the primary display. This little blog post may be able to help you further. Q: What should we know about accessing GPUs from docker? Won't the hardware you're running on affect the runnability of a container, despite the containerization of the image? A: NVIDIA Docker now uses a special flag for Docker (rather than needing its own installation) https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-docker . Q: Is malware ever a problem with Dockerfiles? Can you run a malicious image? A: It seems that Docker (and Kubernetes) related malware are now a thing. From personal experience, I have never run into issues. Q: If containers are software, why should I bother using a container instead of the software itself? A: Containers offer 3 great solutions to common problems: (1) reproducibility (2) version control. Docker images contain all of the required software in the form of layers, including specific versions of libraries. This allows to easily share your image and software without worring about collaborators having to install the correct software and version. (3) portability, so you can run it anywhere.","title":"Queries"},{"location":"resources/post/#dockerfiles-hands-on","text":"Go to an example directory in the intro2docker repository with a Dockerfile cd alpine Build the container using the build command. Make sure to include the . docker build -t test/alpine . Note The container should get the default latest tag if it is not specified in the docker build command with the name test/alpine Start the container using the run command. docker run --rm test/alpine:latest To run the container and override its CMD, it will use its own shell sh : docker run -it --rm test/alpine:latest sh Dockerfiles are like your recipie book, and like every recipie book you have instructions. The instructions aren't for the user, but for Docker itself. These instruction are the capitalized commands you see at the beginning of lines, and these tell Docker what to do: Instruction Command FROM Instructs to use a specific Docker image LABEL Adds metadata to the image RUN Executes a specific command ENV Sets environmental variables COPY Copies a file from a specified location to the image CMD Sets a command to be executed when running a container ENTRYPOINT Configures and run a container as an executable USER Used to set User specific information EXPOSE exposes a specific port *the above list is nonexhaustive, visit the official Docker documentation for more information and further instructions.","title":"Dockerfiles Hands-on"},{"location":"resources/post/#pushing-to-dockerhub","text":"Build your docker image with docker build -t <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version> . then, log in to Docker with docker login -u <username> This will then ask for your Password; type in your password ( it will NOT show you the password ). If it does not login automatically, please follow the instructions here . Once you have logged in, push your docker to the DockerHub registry with docker push <Dockerhub username>/<Docker image>:<version> Your newly built Docker image now lives on DockerHub. You can view it at https://hub.docker.com/r/<username>/<Docker image>","title":"Pushing to DockerHub"},{"location":"resources/post/#assigning-users","text":"Create a new folder called ubuntu mkdir ubuntu Change into the folder cd ubuntu Create a Dockerfile ARG VERSION=18.04 FROM ubuntu:$VERSION RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install -y gnupg wget python3 python3-distro && \\ wget -qO - https://packages.irods.org/irods-signing-key.asc | apt-key add - && \\ echo \"deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.irods.org/apt/ $(lsb_release -sc) main\" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/renci-irods.list && \\ apt-get update && apt-get install irods-icommands -y COPY irods_environment.json /home/ubuntu/.irods/ RUN useradd ubuntu && \\ chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /home/ubuntu USER ubuntu Create a file called irods_environment.json { \"irods_host\": \"data.cyverse.org\", \"irods_port\": 1247, \"irods_zone_name\": \"iplant\" } Build the container using your dockerhub username docker build -t <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04 . Run with docker run -it --rm <yourusername>/ubuntu-irods:18.04 Q: What did we do? A: We created an image whose the user is specified. Q: Why? A: When creating interactive containers, these containers are not built with root privileges. Assigning a specific user helps with defining the priviledges you want users to have. Q: Wait, what? A: When pulling a base image with the FROM instruction, sometimes the user is already defined. The only user with priviledges will be that already defined user. Therefore, in order to have the \"right\" priviledges, you have to assign the right user in your Dockerfile .","title":"Assigning Users"},{"location":"resources/post/#rstudio-dockerfile","text":"The above steps where necessary in order to understand why in this following step we need to define a user. Navigate to rstudio/verse with cd rstudio/verse and create a Dockerfile: FROM rocker/verse:4.2.0 # Install your own stuff below RUN install2.r --error \\ # Added Packages PerformanceAnalytics \\ boot \\ devtools \\ dlm \\ dplyr \\ foreign \\ lubridate \\ plotly \\ truncreg \\ ggridges Build the Docker image with: docker build -t <yourusername>/rstudio:tag . Execute with docker run --rm -p 8787:8787 -e DISABLE_AUTH=true <username>/rstudio:<version>","title":"RStudio Dockerfile"},{"location":"resources/post/#docker-commands-cheat-sheets","text":"https://cyverse-learning-materials.github.io/container-camp/docker/intro/#docker-commands https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/ https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet","title":"Docker Commands Cheat Sheets:"},{"location":"resources/post/#advanced","text":"","title":"Advanced"},{"location":"resources/post/#github-actions","text":"GitHub not only can host your code, but it can be used to create Docker images right within the GitHub repo using GitHub Actions. You first require to connect your DockerHub and your GitHub accounts: Navigate to Settings (in your repository) Select Secrets > Actions. Add a New Repository Secret and name it \"DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME\"; Paste here your Docker Account name. Add a New Repository Secret and name it \"DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN\", and DO NOT CLOSE IT Navigate to DockerHub and click Account Settings > Security > New Access Token Add a name you can recognize and COPY the password and add it to \"DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN\" (step 4). Now save and close. Your GitHub and DockerHub are connected! To create a new GitHub Action, navigate to the Action button on the top of your repository (create a repository first!), and click on New Workflow ; select Docker Image . Delete the template pase the following: name: <NAME OF ACTION> on: push: branches: [ main ] pull_request: branches: [ main ] jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - name: Checkout uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Login to Docker Hub uses: docker/login-action@v1 with: username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }} password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }} - name: Build and push uses: docker/build-push-action@v2 with: context: . file: ./Dockerfile push: true tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}/<NAME OF IMAGE ON DOCKERHUB>:<VERSION> - For the above code, modify all content in \" as you deem necessary. Remember to add a Dockerfile to your main repository!","title":"Github Actions:"},{"location":"resources/post/#working-on-the-cloud","text":"We discussed working with JetStream2 . - Access JetStream2 exoshpere - Access JetStream2 CyVerse (CACAO) Summary of running JS2 GPU Virtual Machines (VM): Navigate to : https://jetstream2.exosphere.app/ Click Create > Instance Select Ubuntu 20.04 Select a g3.small Instance and select (enable web desktop), click create. Wait for VM to spin up, test for functionality by: 1. click on web shell 2. From web shell, run nvidia-smi (if it returns a table, you are good to go) Running xpra on JS2: $ export DISPLAY=:0 $ xinit & $ docker run --gpus all --rm -it -p 9876:9876 -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix -e DISPLAY -e XAUTHORITY -e QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1 -e NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES=all harbor.cyverse.org/vice/xpra/cudagl:20.04 Running jupyter-pytorch on JS2: $ docker run --gpus all -p 8888:8888 -e REDIRECT_URL=http://localhost:8888 harbor.cyverse.org/vice/jupyter/pytorch:latest","title":"Working on the Cloud"},{"location":"resources/post/#adding-tools-to-cyverse","text":"Running an app in CyVerse is a 2 step process: 1. Adding a Tool 2. Using the Tool for the App","title":"Adding tools to CyVerse"},{"location":"resources/post/#adding-the-tool","text":"Navigate to Apps > Tools > More Actions > Add Tools Add Name, Version (for CyVerse, first block) Either paste your docker image DockerHub URL or the <repo>/<image> ; add the <tag> in the Tag field. Specifically for RStudio, add Port 80 (due to reverse port).","title":"Adding the Tool:"},{"location":"resources/post/#creating-the-app","text":"Navigate to Apps, and select Create then Create New App Add a unique App Name and Description. Click on Select Tool and select the tool you just created, and select interactive . Click Next (and next, and next...), then click Save and Launch. Your app should be avaiable to access in a few minutes.","title":"Creating the App:"},{"location":"resources/post/#singularity","text":"A solution to run containers on a cluster/HPC. Q: Why can't I run docker on the HPC? A: Docker requires root proviledges ( sudo ), and these cannot be executed on the HPC. The HPC is a shared space, imagine everyone having root priviledges! All the possible unforseen changes to the system made by everyone will lead to a system error. Using the UArizona HPC as an example: with terminal, ssh into the HPC with ssh </user>@hpc.arizona.edu , enter your password (and DUO auth). Choose your cluser node (Puma is suggested, accessed with puma ), type interactive and wait for your interactive session to spin up. Follow lesson examples at TACC singularity basics .","title":"Singularity"},{"location":"resources/post/#submitting-jobs-on-an-hpc-system-running-the-slurm-manager","text":"SLURM is a job scheduler/manager, and in order to run jobs on a cluster, you need to write a shell script ( .sh ) with a list of instructions. Q: Why can't I just run things on my node? A: As HPCs are shared machines, there are numbers of submitted concurrent jobs. Ultimately, the best way to run all of these jobs, is to schedule when to run all jobs submitted by users. Said script requires a list of SLURM instructions (\"batch commands\") prior to the actual job commands. Following is an example of said script: #!/bin/bash #SBATCH -J myjob # Job name #SBATCH -o output.%j # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId) #SBATCH -p development # Queue name #SBATCH -N 1 # Total number of nodes requested (56 cores/node) #SBATCH -n 1 # Total number of mpi tasks requested #SBATCH -t 02:00:00 # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours #SBATCH --reservation ContainerTraining # a reservation only active during the training singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python For more examples see the TACC documentation on batch commands .","title":"Submitting jobs on an HPC system running the SLURM manager"},{"location":"resources/post/#open-science-grid-distributed-high-throughput-computing","text":"OSG : consortium of rsearchers and institutions who share compute and data resources for distributed HTC in support for open science. (OSG requires you to sign up through a meeting*) Using Docker images/containres offers consistent, complete and reproducible environment across the OSG: \"running containers on the OSG is like bringing your own utensils to someone else's kitchen\". OSG keeps dockers in extracted format in the cvmfs ( official cvmfs documentation ), making it \"snappier\" to load and run the image. IT stores each of the layers in an uncompressed format, thus you users only spin up the necessary layers.","title":"Open Science Grid: Distributed High Throughput Computing"},{"location":"resources/post/#running-singularity","text":"","title":"Running Singularity"},{"location":"resources/post/#installing-singularity","text":"Installing Singularity requires Go: see instructions in the Singularity documentation . In summary: $ wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.18.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzvf go$VERSION.1.18.2-amd64.tar.gz $ echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/go/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc && source ~/.bashrc After installing Go, you can install Singularity: $ export VERSION=3.9.5 && # adjust this as necessary \\ wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \\ tar -xzf singularity-ce-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \\ cd singularity-ce-${VERSION} $ ./mconfig && \\ make -C builddir && \\ sudo make -C builddir install","title":"Installing Singularity"},{"location":"resources/post/#running-docker-images-with-singularity","text":"Singularity is able to create a .sif (singularity Image) from a Docker Image. To pull Docker Images with Singularity do $ singularity pull --name <name>.sif docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version> To run a Docker Image with Singularity do $ singularity run docker://<docker_user>/<container>:<version> Singularity also comes with an exec function, which executes a command within the container singularity exec --bind /data:/mnt <my_container>.sif ls /mnt In the above example, we see the --bind flag, which mounts a volume (the /data folder) to the container. The command also lists ( ls ) the content of the data folder. Reminder : it is important that you don't forget the version!!","title":"Running Docker Images with Singularity"},{"location":"resources/post/#writing-the-singularity-recipie","text":"An example of a recipie is here below: Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu:16.04 %help This is the container help section. %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat Singularity, like Docker, has a list of instructions. Here is the equivalent of Docker instructions: Dockerfile FROM ARG COPY RUN ENV LABEL CMD Singularity Bootstrap: %post %files %post %environment %label %runscript To build the image, do $ sudo singularity build <name_of_container>.sif <singularity recipie> Notice how the above command uses sudo ! Singularity has its own Hub (like DockerHub ): https://cloud.sylabs.io/ The SyLabs singularity allows to build singularity Images directly in the GUI online.","title":"Writing the Singularity recipie"},{"location":"resources/post/#kubernetes-k8s","text":"Q: What is Kubernentes? A: Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. Here is an image of how a K8s cluseter looks like: Image: A control plane (could be made of a single machine) manages and distributes jobs to worker nodes.","title":"Kubernetes (K8s)"},{"location":"resources/post/#installing-k8s-on-a-unix-system","text":"Installation of K8s has a number of documentations, here are the basic instructions. $ curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl $ chmod +x kubectl $ sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl","title":"Installing K8s (on a UNIX system)"},{"location":"resources/post/#initiating-k8s-head","text":"K8s uses kubectl to control various pods. Prior to running kubectl , during the installation, a folder named kube was created in your ~/. folder. There is an unpopulated config file in ~/.kube/ - for today's example, populate the config with apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: <authority data> server: <IP:port> name: default contexts: - context: cluster: default user: default name: default current-context: default kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: default user: client-certificate-data: <certificate data> client-key-data: <key data> Warning The above code has been modified <data> to protect information. The K8s head isn't online at the moment, and certificates change between config files.","title":"Initiating K8s head"},{"location":"resources/post/#interacting-with-pods-basically-a-container","text":"To launch a pod you require a pod config file. An example is apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: pod-<change-this-to-your-username> spec: containers: - name: mypod image: alpine:3.14 resources: limits: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m requests: memory: 100Mi cpu: 100m command: [\"sh\", \"-c\", \"sleep infinity\"] To create your pod, do kubetcl create -f pod1.yml To initiate your pod, do kubectl exec -it pod-<change-this-to-your-username> /bin/sh The above command will enter the shell of the pod. You can see what pods are running with kubectl get pods To remove a pod, do kubectl delete -f pod1.yml These are the absolute basics of Kubernentes. To read more, refer to the Kubernetes official documentation (and other massive number of online resources, Google is your friend!) .","title":"Interacting with Pods (basically a container)"},{"location":"resources/post/#cacao-alpha-stage","text":"CACAO is \"An event-driven multi-cloud service that enables resarchers and educators to effortlessly manage, scale and share their tools and workflows to any research-capable cloud using declarative templates\" - Edwin Skidmore","title":"CACAO (alpha stage)"},{"location":"resources/post/#accessing-cacao-creating-an-ssh-key","text":"CACAO can be access at https://js2.cyverse.org/ . You can access the CACAO deployments with an SSH key (or web browser). In order to create an ssh key, do $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 8192 -f joking Creates a file public key (your keys are usually in ~/.ssh/ ). To create a Kubernetes cluster, select \"+ Deployment\" and ensure that you're choosing Ubuntu 20 as your OS. To launch a multi VM running JupyterHub, choose \"+ Deployment\" and \"launch a multi-vm zero-to-jupyterhub\". Note: CACAO is still in Alpha phase . Read more on CACAO here .","title":"Accessing CACAO (creating an SSH key)"},{"location":"resources/singularity/","text":"Useful Resources related to Singularity \u00b6 SyLabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) Singularity-HPC Autamus Singularity Image Repository Carpentries Singularity Incubator Campus HPC resources for Singularity \u00b6 OpenScienceGrid Singularity Documentation TACC HPC Singularity Introduction TACC Containers .pdf NIH HPC University of Arizona Singularity Tutorial","title":"Singularity"},{"location":"resources/singularity/#useful-resources-related-to-singularity","text":"SyLabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) Singularity-HPC Autamus Singularity Image Repository Carpentries Singularity Incubator","title":"Useful Resources related to Singularity"},{"location":"resources/singularity/#campus-hpc-resources-for-singularity","text":"OpenScienceGrid Singularity Documentation TACC HPC Singularity Introduction TACC Containers .pdf NIH HPC University of Arizona Singularity Tutorial","title":"Campus HPC resources for Singularity"},{"location":"resources/vscode/","text":"Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management \u00b6 If you're diving into Kubernetes (K8s) for the first time, Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is an excellent platform to manage your pods and clusters. Why use VSCode for Kubernetes? VSCode is a developer-friendly Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that offers a plethora of features to streamline the software development process. With its vast marketplace, you can integrate various plugins and extensions, including those tailored for Kubernetes. This flexibility allows you to interact with Kubernetes clusters directly from the VSCode interface, making it a top choice for Kubernetes management. 1. Setting Up Your Environment: \u00b6 Prerequisites : Ensure you have Docker and kubectl installed. You can verify their installation by running Docker and kubectl commands from the shell. Kubernetes Cluster : You can create a local Kubernetes cluster with minikube or use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for an Azure-based cluster. For this tutorial, we'll focus on AKS. Ensure you have an Azure account ready. 2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode: \u00b6 Open VSCode and navigate to the Extensions view (Ctrl+Shift+X). Search for \"kubernetes\" and select the Microsoft Kubernetes extension to install. 3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application: \u00b6 Use the Microsoft Docker Extension in VSCode to build your project, generate a Docker image, and push it to a container registry. 4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster: \u00b6 With the Kubernetes extension installed, you'll see KUBERNETES in the VSCode Explorer. Click on \"More\" and choose \"Create Cluster\". Follow the on-screen instructions to set up your Azure Kubernetes cluster. 5. Deploying Your Application: \u00b6 The Kubernetes extension in VSCode provides autocompletion and code snippets for the Kubernetes manifest file. Once your manifest file is ready, open the Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P) and run \"Kubernetes: Create\". This will deploy your application to the Kubernetes cluster. 6. Monitoring Your Deployment: \u00b6 After deployment, use the Kubernetes extension to check the status of your application. Navigate to Workloads in the Explorer, right-click on Pods, and choose \"Get\" to see the application's status. 7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development: \u00b6 YAML : Provides full YAML support in VSCode, including validation, error detection, and auto-completion. Cloud Code : Developed by Google Cloud, it supports Kubernetes and Cloud Run application development. Bridge to Kubernetes : Allows remote debugging and modification of Kubernetes applications. Azure Kubernetes Service : Manage Kubernetes clusters on Azure. OpenShift Connector : Simplifies building, deploying, and managing applications on Kubernetes or OpenShift. Note: With the right extensions and tools, VSCode is a powerful platform for managing K8s, making your DevOps tasks smoother and more efficient.","title":"VSCode"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#setting-up-vscode-for-kubernetes-management","text":"If you're diving into Kubernetes (K8s) for the first time, Visual Studio Code (VSCode) is an excellent platform to manage your pods and clusters. Why use VSCode for Kubernetes? VSCode is a developer-friendly Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that offers a plethora of features to streamline the software development process. With its vast marketplace, you can integrate various plugins and extensions, including those tailored for Kubernetes. This flexibility allows you to interact with Kubernetes clusters directly from the VSCode interface, making it a top choice for Kubernetes management.","title":"Setting Up VSCode for Kubernetes Management"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#1-setting-up-your-environment","text":"Prerequisites : Ensure you have Docker and kubectl installed. You can verify their installation by running Docker and kubectl commands from the shell. Kubernetes Cluster : You can create a local Kubernetes cluster with minikube or use Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) for an Azure-based cluster. For this tutorial, we'll focus on AKS. Ensure you have an Azure account ready.","title":"1. Setting Up Your Environment:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#2-installing-the-kubernetes-extension-in-vscode","text":"Open VSCode and navigate to the Extensions view (Ctrl+Shift+X). Search for \"kubernetes\" and select the Microsoft Kubernetes extension to install.","title":"2. Installing the Kubernetes Extension in VSCode:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#3-containerizing-and-publishing-your-application","text":"Use the Microsoft Docker Extension in VSCode to build your project, generate a Docker image, and push it to a container registry.","title":"3. Containerizing and Publishing Your Application:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#4-creating-and-configuring-a-kubernetes-cluster","text":"With the Kubernetes extension installed, you'll see KUBERNETES in the VSCode Explorer. Click on \"More\" and choose \"Create Cluster\". Follow the on-screen instructions to set up your Azure Kubernetes cluster.","title":"4. Creating and Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#5-deploying-your-application","text":"The Kubernetes extension in VSCode provides autocompletion and code snippets for the Kubernetes manifest file. Once your manifest file is ready, open the Command Palette (Ctrl+Shift+P) and run \"Kubernetes: Create\". This will deploy your application to the Kubernetes cluster.","title":"5. Deploying Your Application:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#6-monitoring-your-deployment","text":"After deployment, use the Kubernetes extension to check the status of your application. Navigate to Workloads in the Explorer, right-click on Pods, and choose \"Get\" to see the application's status.","title":"6. Monitoring Your Deployment:"},{"location":"resources/vscode/#7-additional-extensions-for-enhanced-kubernetes-development","text":"YAML : Provides full YAML support in VSCode, including validation, error detection, and auto-completion. Cloud Code : Developed by Google Cloud, it supports Kubernetes and Cloud Run application development. Bridge to Kubernetes : Allows remote debugging and modification of Kubernetes applications. Azure Kubernetes Service : Manage Kubernetes clusters on Azure. OpenShift Connector : Simplifies building, deploying, and managing applications on Kubernetes or OpenShift. Note: With the right extensions and tools, VSCode is a powerful platform for managing K8s, making your DevOps tasks smoother and more efficient.","title":"7. Additional Extensions for Enhanced Kubernetes Development:"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/","text":"Singularity CLI continued \u00b6 Build Singularity .sif images \u00b6 Similar to Docker which uses a Dockerfile to build its images, Singularity uses a file called Singularity . Important Singularity images use the .sif extension and appear as a single compressed file, versus Docker which uses many cached file layers to create a single image. .sif files also use layers, but these are not apparent. .sif images are cached in the folder where you build them, or designate them. When building from docker:// the Docker image layers are downloaded and cached by Singularity in a /.Singularity folder on your build environment. build \u00b6 Create a .sif image using a Docker image as the template \u00b6 As we've learned from the HPC and HTC groups, building Singularity images is not necessarily the most accessible and reproducible method for managing containers. Most groups suggest that you build your containers with Docker, and host them on a Docker Registry first. The market dominance of Docker and its wide acceptance as a container format, has led us to use Singularity with Docker in most cases. We've already covered how you can pull an existing image from Docker Hub, but we can also build a Singularity image from the Docker Hub using the build command: $ sudo singularity build --sandbox ubuntu-latest/ docker://ubuntu Test the new .sif image: $ singularity shell --writable ubuntu-latest/ Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update Does it work? $ sudo singularity shell ubuntu-latest.sif Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container... Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update When I try to install software to the image without sudo it is denied, because root is the owner inside the container. When I use sudo I can install software into the container. The software remains in the sandbox container after closing the container and restart. In order to make these changes permanant, I need to rebuild the sandbox as a .sif image $ sudo singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif ubuntu-latest/ Creating Singularity .sif from scratch \u00b6 The contents of the Singularity file differ from Dockerfile %help - create text for a help menu associated with your container %setup - executed on the host system outside of the container, after the base OS has been installed. %files - copy files from your host system into the container %labels - store metadata in the container %environment - loads environment variables at the time the container is run (not built) %post - set environment variables during the build %runscript - executes a script when the container runs %test - runs a test on the build of the container Dockerfile FROM ARG COPY RUN ENV LABEL CMD Singularity Bootstrap: %post %files %post %environment %label %runscript Writing the Singularity file \u00b6 SyLabs User-Guide A Singularity file can be hosted on GitHub and will be auto-detected by Singularity-Hub when you set up your container Collection. When you are building locally, you can name the Singularity file whatever you wish, but a better practice is to put it in a specified directory and name it Singularity . Building your own containers requires that you have sudo privileges - therefore you'll need to develop these on your local machine or on a VM that you can gain root access on. Header \u00b6 The top of the file, selects the base OS for the container, just like FROM in Docker. Bootstrap: references another registry (e.g. docker for DockerHub, debootstrap , or library for Sylabs Container Library ). From: selects the tag name. Using debootstrap with a build that uses a mirror: BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: jammy MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ Using CentOS-like container: Bootstrap: yum OSVersion: 7 MirrorURL: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-7/7/os/x86_64/ Include:yum Note: to use yum to build a container you should be operating on a RHEL system, or an Ubuntu system with yum installed. Using a localimage to build: Bootstrap: localimage From: /path/to/container/file/or/directory The container registries which Singularity uses are listed in the Introduction Section 3.1 . The Singularity file uses sections to specify the dependencies, environmental settings, and runscripts when it builds. help \u00b6 %help section can be as verbose as you want Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu %help This is the container help section. setup \u00b6 %setup commands are executed on the localhost system outside of the container - these files could include necessary build dependencies. We can copy files to the $SINGULARITY_ROOTFS file system can be done during setup files \u00b6 %files include any files that you want to copy from your localhost into the container. post \u00b6 %post includes all of the environment variables and dependencies that you want to see installed into the container at build time. %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat environment \u00b6 %environment includes the environment variables which we want to be run when we start the container %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH runscript \u00b6 %runscript does what it says, it executes a set of commands when the container is run. %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat labels \u00b6 %labels are used similar to Dockerfile which allow you to add metadata to the image file in key-value pairs %labels Author Your Name Email email@address.org Version v2022 CustomLabel statement here Labels can be read using the inspect command Example File \u00b6 Example Singularity file bootstrapping an Ubuntu (22.04) image. Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu:22.04 %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat %labels Maintainer Your Name Version v2022 Build the container: singularity build cowsay.sif Singularity Run the container: singularity run cowsay.sif Sandbox \u00b6 Sandboxing is another approach to building up a container image.","title":"Advanced use of Singularity"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#singularity-cli-continued","text":"","title":" Singularity CLI continued"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#build-singularity-sif-images","text":"Similar to Docker which uses a Dockerfile to build its images, Singularity uses a file called Singularity . Important Singularity images use the .sif extension and appear as a single compressed file, versus Docker which uses many cached file layers to create a single image. .sif files also use layers, but these are not apparent. .sif images are cached in the folder where you build them, or designate them. When building from docker:// the Docker image layers are downloaded and cached by Singularity in a /.Singularity folder on your build environment.","title":"Build Singularity .sif images"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#build","text":"","title":" build"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#create-a-sif-image-using-a-docker-image-as-the-template","text":"As we've learned from the HPC and HTC groups, building Singularity images is not necessarily the most accessible and reproducible method for managing containers. Most groups suggest that you build your containers with Docker, and host them on a Docker Registry first. The market dominance of Docker and its wide acceptance as a container format, has led us to use Singularity with Docker in most cases. We've already covered how you can pull an existing image from Docker Hub, but we can also build a Singularity image from the Docker Hub using the build command: $ sudo singularity build --sandbox ubuntu-latest/ docker://ubuntu Test the new .sif image: $ singularity shell --writable ubuntu-latest/ Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update Does it work? $ sudo singularity shell ubuntu-latest.sif Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container... Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update When I try to install software to the image without sudo it is denied, because root is the owner inside the container. When I use sudo I can install software into the container. The software remains in the sandbox container after closing the container and restart. In order to make these changes permanant, I need to rebuild the sandbox as a .sif image $ sudo singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif ubuntu-latest/","title":"Create a .sif image using a Docker image as the template"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#creating-singularity-sif-from-scratch","text":"The contents of the Singularity file differ from Dockerfile %help - create text for a help menu associated with your container %setup - executed on the host system outside of the container, after the base OS has been installed. %files - copy files from your host system into the container %labels - store metadata in the container %environment - loads environment variables at the time the container is run (not built) %post - set environment variables during the build %runscript - executes a script when the container runs %test - runs a test on the build of the container Dockerfile FROM ARG COPY RUN ENV LABEL CMD Singularity Bootstrap: %post %files %post %environment %label %runscript","title":"Creating Singularity .sif from scratch"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#writing-the-singularity-file","text":"SyLabs User-Guide A Singularity file can be hosted on GitHub and will be auto-detected by Singularity-Hub when you set up your container Collection. When you are building locally, you can name the Singularity file whatever you wish, but a better practice is to put it in a specified directory and name it Singularity . Building your own containers requires that you have sudo privileges - therefore you'll need to develop these on your local machine or on a VM that you can gain root access on.","title":"Writing the Singularity file"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#header","text":"The top of the file, selects the base OS for the container, just like FROM in Docker. Bootstrap: references another registry (e.g. docker for DockerHub, debootstrap , or library for Sylabs Container Library ). From: selects the tag name. Using debootstrap with a build that uses a mirror: BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: jammy MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ Using CentOS-like container: Bootstrap: yum OSVersion: 7 MirrorURL: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-7/7/os/x86_64/ Include:yum Note: to use yum to build a container you should be operating on a RHEL system, or an Ubuntu system with yum installed. Using a localimage to build: Bootstrap: localimage From: /path/to/container/file/or/directory The container registries which Singularity uses are listed in the Introduction Section 3.1 . The Singularity file uses sections to specify the dependencies, environmental settings, and runscripts when it builds.","title":" Header"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#help","text":"%help section can be as verbose as you want Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu %help This is the container help section.","title":" help"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#setup","text":"%setup commands are executed on the localhost system outside of the container - these files could include necessary build dependencies. We can copy files to the $SINGULARITY_ROOTFS file system can be done during setup","title":" setup"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#files","text":"%files include any files that you want to copy from your localhost into the container.","title":" files"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#post","text":"%post includes all of the environment variables and dependencies that you want to see installed into the container at build time. %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat","title":" post"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#environment","text":"%environment includes the environment variables which we want to be run when we start the container %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH","title":" environment"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#runscript","text":"%runscript does what it says, it executes a set of commands when the container is run. %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat","title":" runscript"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#labels","text":"%labels are used similar to Dockerfile which allow you to add metadata to the image file in key-value pairs %labels Author Your Name Email email@address.org Version v2022 CustomLabel statement here Labels can be read using the inspect command","title":" labels"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#example-file","text":"Example Singularity file bootstrapping an Ubuntu (22.04) image. Bootstrap: docker From: ubuntu:22.04 %post apt-get -y update apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat %environment export LC_ALL=C export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH %runscript fortune | cowsay | lolcat %labels Maintainer Your Name Version v2022 Build the container: singularity build cowsay.sif Singularity Run the container: singularity run cowsay.sif","title":"Example File"},{"location":"singularity/advanced/#sandbox","text":"Sandboxing is another approach to building up a container image.","title":"Sandbox"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/","text":"Singularity and High Performance Computing \u00b6 High Performance Computing resources fill an important role in research computing and can support container execution through runtimes such as Singularity or, hopefully soon, rootless Docker, among other options. Conducting analyses on HPC clusters happens through different patterns of interaction than running analyses on a cloud VM. When you login, you are on a node that is shared with lots of people, typically called the \"login node\". Trying to run jobs on the login node is not \"high performance\" at all (and will likely get you an admonishing email from the system administrator). Login nodes are intended to be used for moving files, editing files, and launching jobs. Importantly, most jobs run on an HPC cluster are neither interactive , nor realtime . When you submit a job to the scheduler, you must tell it what resources you need (e.g. how many nodes, how much RAM, what type of nodes, and for how long) in addition to what you want to run. Then the scheduler finally has resources matching your requirements, it runs the job for you. If your request is very large, or very long, you may never make it out of the queue. For example, on a VM if you run the command: singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python The container will immediately start. On an HPC system, your job submission script would look something like: #!/bin/bash # #SBATCH -J myjob # Job name #SBATCH -o output.%j # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId) #SBATCH -p development # Queue name #SBATCH -N 1 # Total number of nodes requested (68 cores/node) #SBATCH -n 17 # Total number of mpi tasks requested #SBATCH -t 02:00:00 # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours module load singularity/3/3.1 singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python This example is for the Slurm scheduler. Each of the #SBATCH lines looks like a comment to the bash kernel, but the scheduler reads all those lines to know what resources to reserve for you. It is usually possible to get an interactive session as well, by using an interactive flag, -i. Warning Every HPC cluster is a little different, but they almost universally have a \"User's Guide\" that serves both as a quick reference for helpful commands and contains guidelines for how to be a \"good citizen\" while using the system. For TACC's Stampede2 system, see the user guide . For The University of Arizona, see the user guide . How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow? \u00b6 A few things to consider when using HPC systems: Using sudo is not allowed on HPC systems, and building a Singularity container from scratch requires sudo. That means you have to build your containers on a different development system. You can pull a docker image on HPC systems If you need to edit text files, command line text editors don't support using a mouse, so working efficiently has a learning curve. There are text editors that support editing files over SSH. This lets you use a local text editor and just save the changes to the HPC system. These constraints make HPC systems perfectly suitable for execution environments, but currently a limiting choice for a development environment. We usually recommend your local laptop or a VM as a development environment where you can iterate on your code rapidly and test container building and execution. Singularity and MPI \u00b6 Singularity supports MPI fairly well. Since (by default) the network is the same insde and outside the container, the communication between containers usually just works. The more complicated bit is making sure that the container has the right set of MPI libraries. MPI is an open specification, but there are several implementations (OpenMPI, MVAPICH2, and Intel MPI to name three) with some non-overlapping feature sets. If the host and container are running different MPI implementations, or even different versions of the same implementation, hilarity may ensue. The general rule is that you want the version of MPI inside the container to be the same version or newer than the host. You may be thinking that this is not good for the portability of your container, and you are right. Containerizing MPI applications is not terribly difficult with Singularity, but it comes at the cost of additional requirements for the host system. Warning Many HPC Systems, like Stampede2 at TACC and Ocelote at UAHPC, have high-speed, low-latency networks that have special drivers. Infiniband, Ares, and OmniPath are three different specs for these types of networks. When running MPI jobs, if the container doesn't have the right libraries, it won't be able to use those special interconnects to communicate between nodes. Base Docker images \u00b6 Depending on the system you will use, you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match). When running at TACC, there is a set of curated Docker images for use in the FROM line of your own containers. You can see a list of availabe images at https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc Specifically, you can use the tacc/tacc-ubuntu18-mvapich2.3-psm2 image to satisfy the MPI architecture and version requirements for running on Stampede2. Because you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match), here is a 3.1 compatible example of what it may look like: BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: xenial MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ %runscript echo \"This is what happens when you run the container...\" %post echo \"Hello from inside the container\" sed -i 's/$/ universe/' /etc/apt/sources.list apt update apt -y --allow-unauthenticated install vim build-essential wget gfortran bison libibverbs-dev libibmad-dev libibumad-dev librdmacm-dev libmlx5-dev libmlx4-dev wget http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz tar xvf mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz cd mvapich2-2.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make -j4 make install /usr/local/bin/mpicc examples/hellow.c -o /usr/bin/hellow You could also build in everything in a Dockerfile and convert the image to Singularity at the end. Once you have a working MPI container, invoking it would look something like: mpirun -np 4 singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif /app.py arg1 arg2 This will use the host MPI libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes. For a single node, you can also use the container MPI to run in parallel (usually you don't want this) singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif mpirun -np 4 /app.py arg1 arg2 Example Containerized MPI App \u00b6 In your Docker development environment, make a new directory in which to build up a new image and download (or copy and paste) two files in that directory: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py Take a look at both files. pi-mpi.py is a simple MPI Python script that approximates pi (very inefficiently) by random sampling. Dockerfile.mpi is an updated Dockerfile that uses the TACC base image to satisfy all the MPI requirements on Stampede2. Next, try building the new container. $ docker build -t USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi -f Dockerfile.mpi . Don't forget to change USERNAME to your DockerHub username. Once you have successfully built an image, push it up to DockerHub with the docker push command so that we can pull it back down on Stampede2. Running an MPI Container on Stampede2 \u00b6 To test, we can grab an interactive session that has two nodes. That way we can see if we can make the two nodes work together. On TACC systems, the \"idev\" command will start an interactive session on a compute node: $ idev -m 60 -p normal -N 2 -n 128 Once you have nodes at your disposal and a container on DockerHub, invoking it would look something like: module load tacc-singularity cd $WORK singularity pull docker://USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi time singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 time ibrun singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 Warning TACC uses a command called ibrun on all of its systems that configures MPI to use the high-speed, low-latency network. If you are familiar with MPI, this is the functional equivalent to mpirun The first singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 command will use 1 CPU core to sample ten million times. The second command, using ibrun will run 128 processes that sample ten million times each and pass their results back to the \"rank 0\" MPI process to merge the results. This will use the host MPI libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes. As an aside, for a single node you can also use the container MPI to run in parallel (but usually you don't want this). When you are don with your interactive session, don't forget to exit to end the session and go back to the login node. Singularity and GPU Computing \u00b6 GPU support in Singularity is very good. Since Singularity supported docker containers, it has been fairly simple to utilize GPUs for machine learning code like TensorFlow. We will not do this as a hands-on exercise, but in general the procedule is as follows. # Load the singularity module module load singularity/3/3.1 # Pull your image singularity pull docker://nvidia/caffe:latest singularity exec --nv caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0 Please note that the --nv flag specifically passes the GPU drivers into the container. If you leave it out, the GPU will not be detected. # this is missing the --nv flag and will not work singularity exec caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0 The main requirement for GPU containers to work is that the version of the host drivers matches the major version of the library inside the container. So, for example, if CUDA 10 is on the host, the container needs to use CUDA 10 internally. For TensorFlow, you can directly pull their latest GPU image and utilize it as follows. # Change to your $WORK directory cd $WORK #Get the software git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git ~/models # Pull the image singularity pull docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu # Run the code singularity exec --nv tensorflow-latest-gpu.sif python $HOME/models/tutorials/image/mnist/convolutional.py The University of Arizona HPS Singularity examples .","title":"Using Singularity on HPC/HTC"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#singularity-and-high-performance-computing","text":"High Performance Computing resources fill an important role in research computing and can support container execution through runtimes such as Singularity or, hopefully soon, rootless Docker, among other options. Conducting analyses on HPC clusters happens through different patterns of interaction than running analyses on a cloud VM. When you login, you are on a node that is shared with lots of people, typically called the \"login node\". Trying to run jobs on the login node is not \"high performance\" at all (and will likely get you an admonishing email from the system administrator). Login nodes are intended to be used for moving files, editing files, and launching jobs. Importantly, most jobs run on an HPC cluster are neither interactive , nor realtime . When you submit a job to the scheduler, you must tell it what resources you need (e.g. how many nodes, how much RAM, what type of nodes, and for how long) in addition to what you want to run. Then the scheduler finally has resources matching your requirements, it runs the job for you. If your request is very large, or very long, you may never make it out of the queue. For example, on a VM if you run the command: singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python The container will immediately start. On an HPC system, your job submission script would look something like: #!/bin/bash # #SBATCH -J myjob # Job name #SBATCH -o output.%j # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId) #SBATCH -p development # Queue name #SBATCH -N 1 # Total number of nodes requested (68 cores/node) #SBATCH -n 17 # Total number of mpi tasks requested #SBATCH -t 02:00:00 # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours module load singularity/3/3.1 singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python This example is for the Slurm scheduler. Each of the #SBATCH lines looks like a comment to the bash kernel, but the scheduler reads all those lines to know what resources to reserve for you. It is usually possible to get an interactive session as well, by using an interactive flag, -i. Warning Every HPC cluster is a little different, but they almost universally have a \"User's Guide\" that serves both as a quick reference for helpful commands and contains guidelines for how to be a \"good citizen\" while using the system. For TACC's Stampede2 system, see the user guide . For The University of Arizona, see the user guide .","title":"Singularity and High Performance Computing"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow","text":"A few things to consider when using HPC systems: Using sudo is not allowed on HPC systems, and building a Singularity container from scratch requires sudo. That means you have to build your containers on a different development system. You can pull a docker image on HPC systems If you need to edit text files, command line text editors don't support using a mouse, so working efficiently has a learning curve. There are text editors that support editing files over SSH. This lets you use a local text editor and just save the changes to the HPC system. These constraints make HPC systems perfectly suitable for execution environments, but currently a limiting choice for a development environment. We usually recommend your local laptop or a VM as a development environment where you can iterate on your code rapidly and test container building and execution.","title":"How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#singularity-and-mpi","text":"Singularity supports MPI fairly well. Since (by default) the network is the same insde and outside the container, the communication between containers usually just works. The more complicated bit is making sure that the container has the right set of MPI libraries. MPI is an open specification, but there are several implementations (OpenMPI, MVAPICH2, and Intel MPI to name three) with some non-overlapping feature sets. If the host and container are running different MPI implementations, or even different versions of the same implementation, hilarity may ensue. The general rule is that you want the version of MPI inside the container to be the same version or newer than the host. You may be thinking that this is not good for the portability of your container, and you are right. Containerizing MPI applications is not terribly difficult with Singularity, but it comes at the cost of additional requirements for the host system. Warning Many HPC Systems, like Stampede2 at TACC and Ocelote at UAHPC, have high-speed, low-latency networks that have special drivers. Infiniband, Ares, and OmniPath are three different specs for these types of networks. When running MPI jobs, if the container doesn't have the right libraries, it won't be able to use those special interconnects to communicate between nodes.","title":"Singularity and MPI"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#base-docker-images","text":"Depending on the system you will use, you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match). When running at TACC, there is a set of curated Docker images for use in the FROM line of your own containers. You can see a list of availabe images at https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc Specifically, you can use the tacc/tacc-ubuntu18-mvapich2.3-psm2 image to satisfy the MPI architecture and version requirements for running on Stampede2. Because you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match), here is a 3.1 compatible example of what it may look like: BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: xenial MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ %runscript echo \"This is what happens when you run the container...\" %post echo \"Hello from inside the container\" sed -i 's/$/ universe/' /etc/apt/sources.list apt update apt -y --allow-unauthenticated install vim build-essential wget gfortran bison libibverbs-dev libibmad-dev libibumad-dev librdmacm-dev libmlx5-dev libmlx4-dev wget http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz tar xvf mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz cd mvapich2-2.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make -j4 make install /usr/local/bin/mpicc examples/hellow.c -o /usr/bin/hellow You could also build in everything in a Dockerfile and convert the image to Singularity at the end. Once you have a working MPI container, invoking it would look something like: mpirun -np 4 singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif /app.py arg1 arg2 This will use the host MPI libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes. For a single node, you can also use the container MPI to run in parallel (usually you don't want this) singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif mpirun -np 4 /app.py arg1 arg2","title":"Base Docker images"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#example-containerized-mpi-app","text":"In your Docker development environment, make a new directory in which to build up a new image and download (or copy and paste) two files in that directory: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py Take a look at both files. pi-mpi.py is a simple MPI Python script that approximates pi (very inefficiently) by random sampling. Dockerfile.mpi is an updated Dockerfile that uses the TACC base image to satisfy all the MPI requirements on Stampede2. Next, try building the new container. $ docker build -t USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi -f Dockerfile.mpi . Don't forget to change USERNAME to your DockerHub username. Once you have successfully built an image, push it up to DockerHub with the docker push command so that we can pull it back down on Stampede2.","title":"Example Containerized MPI App"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#running-an-mpi-container-on-stampede2","text":"To test, we can grab an interactive session that has two nodes. That way we can see if we can make the two nodes work together. On TACC systems, the \"idev\" command will start an interactive session on a compute node: $ idev -m 60 -p normal -N 2 -n 128 Once you have nodes at your disposal and a container on DockerHub, invoking it would look something like: module load tacc-singularity cd $WORK singularity pull docker://USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi time singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 time ibrun singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 Warning TACC uses a command called ibrun on all of its systems that configures MPI to use the high-speed, low-latency network. If you are familiar with MPI, this is the functional equivalent to mpirun The first singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000 command will use 1 CPU core to sample ten million times. The second command, using ibrun will run 128 processes that sample ten million times each and pass their results back to the \"rank 0\" MPI process to merge the results. This will use the host MPI libraries to run in parallel, and assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes. As an aside, for a single node you can also use the container MPI to run in parallel (but usually you don't want this). When you are don with your interactive session, don't forget to exit to end the session and go back to the login node.","title":"Running an MPI Container on Stampede2"},{"location":"singularity/hpc/#singularity-and-gpu-computing","text":"GPU support in Singularity is very good. Since Singularity supported docker containers, it has been fairly simple to utilize GPUs for machine learning code like TensorFlow. We will not do this as a hands-on exercise, but in general the procedule is as follows. # Load the singularity module module load singularity/3/3.1 # Pull your image singularity pull docker://nvidia/caffe:latest singularity exec --nv caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0 Please note that the --nv flag specifically passes the GPU drivers into the container. If you leave it out, the GPU will not be detected. # this is missing the --nv flag and will not work singularity exec caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0 The main requirement for GPU containers to work is that the version of the host drivers matches the major version of the library inside the container. So, for example, if CUDA 10 is on the host, the container needs to use CUDA 10 internally. For TensorFlow, you can directly pull their latest GPU image and utilize it as follows. # Change to your $WORK directory cd $WORK #Get the software git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git ~/models # Pull the image singularity pull docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu # Run the code singularity exec --nv tensorflow-latest-gpu.sif python $HOME/models/tutorials/image/mnist/convolutional.py The University of Arizona HPS Singularity examples .","title":"Singularity and GPU Computing"},{"location":"singularity/intro/","text":"In this section we're going to be working with Singularity Community Edition (CE) Wait, what is \"Apptainer\", and what is the difference between SingularityCE and Apptainer? The Singularity project was split into multiple projects managed by different organizations since it was created in 2017. In a nutshell: Greg Kurtzer founded the Singularity project while at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Kurtzer created Sylabs , a private company, around Singularity Kurtzer left Sylabs to focus on CIQ , another private company, and moved Singularity to HPCng (a Community Org) Sylabs forked Singularity for control and professionially licensed support creating Singularity Community Edition\" HPCng gave the official project to Linux Foundation and renamed it \" Apptainer \" Apptainer is being marketed by CIQ At the present time, Apptainer and Singularity CE have highly similar syntax and will run Singularity .sif images interoperably Docker vs SingularityCE & Apptainer Apptainer and SingularityCE are 100% compatible with Docker but they do have some distinct differences Docker Docker containers run as root This privilege is almost never supported by administrators of High Performance Computing (HPC) centers. Meaning Docker is not, and will likely never be, installed natively on your HPC cluster. uses compressed layers to create one image SingularityCE & Apptainer : Same user and group identity inside as outside the container User only has root privileges if elevated with sudo when the container is run Can run and modify any existing Docker image These key differences allow Singularity to be installed on most HPC centers. Because you can run virtually all Docker containers in Singularity, you can effectively run Docker on an HPC. SingularityCE Installation \u00b6 Sylabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) homepage: https://www.sylabs.io/docs/ Apptainer Linux Foundation homepage: https://apptainer.org/ Conda \u00b6 SingularityCE or Apptainer can both be installed from Conda: conda install -c conda-forge singularityce conda install -c conda-forge apptainer Install Locally \u00b6 To Install Singularity follow the instructions for your specific OS: SingularityCE Module loading on HPC \u00b6 If you are interested in working with SingularityCE on HPC, you may need to contact your systems administrator and request they install SingularityCE . Because SingularityCE ideally needs setuid, your admins may have some qualms about giving SingularityCE this privilege. If that is the case, you might consider forwarding this letter to your admins. Most HPC systems are running Environment Modules with the simple command module . You can check to see what is available: $ module avail singularity If Singularity is listed as being installed, load a specific version, e.g.: $ module load singularity/3/3.9 Install in CodeSpaces \u00b6 Let's use Conda (or optionally, Mamba) conda install -c conda-forge singularityce mamba install -c conda-forge singularityce Singularity CLI \u00b6 Singularity\u2019s command line interface allows you to build and interact with containers transparently. You can run programs inside a container as if they were running on your host system. You can easily redirect IO, use pipes, pass arguments, and access files, sockets, and ports on the host system from within a container. help \u00b6 The help command gives an overview of Singularity options and subcommands as follows: $ singularity help pull Pull an image from a URI Usage: singularity pull [pull options...] [output file] <URI> Description: The 'pull' command allows you to download or build a container from a given URI. Supported URIs include: library: Pull an image from the currently configured library library://user/collection/container[:tag] docker: Pull a Docker/OCI image from Docker Hub, or another OCI registry. docker://user/image:tag shub: Pull an image from Singularity Hub shub://user/image:tag oras: Pull a SIF image from an OCI registry that supports ORAS. oras://registry/namespace/image:tag http, https: Pull an image using the http(s?) protocol https://library.sylabs.io/v1/imagefile/library/default/alpine:latest Options: --arch string architecture to pull from library (default \"amd64\") --dir string download images to the specific directory --disable-cache dont use cached images/blobs and dont create them --docker-login login to a Docker Repository interactively -F, --force overwrite an image file if it exists -h, --help help for pull --library string download images from the provided library --no-cleanup do NOT clean up bundle after failed build, can be helpful for debugging --no-https use http instead of https for docker:// oras:// and library://<hostname>/... URIs Examples: From Sylabs cloud library $ singularity pull alpine.sif library://alpine:latest From Docker $ singularity pull tensorflow.sif docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest From Shub $ singularity pull singularity-images.sif shub://vsoch/singularity-images From supporting OCI registry (e.g. Azure Container Registry) $ singularity pull image.sif oras://<username>.azurecr.io/namespace/image:tag For additional help or support, please visit https://www.sylabs.io/docs/ search \u00b6 Just like with Docker, you can search the Singularity container registries for images. singularity search tensorflow pull \u00b6 The easiest way to use a Singularity is to pull an existing container from one of the Registries. singularity pull library://lolcow singularity pull docker://<yourusername>/cowsay Downloading pre-built images \u00b6 You can use the pull command to download pre-built images from a number of Container Registries, here we'll be focusing on the Singularity-Hub or DockerHub . Container Registries: library:// - images hosted on Sylabs Cloud docker:// - images hosted on Docker Hub localimage:// - images saved on your machine yum:// - yum based systems such as CentOS and Scientific Linux debootstrap:// - apt based systems such as Debian and Ubuntu arch:// - Arch Linux busybox:// - BusyBox zypper:// - zypper based systems such as Suse and OpenSuse shub:// - (archived) images hosted on Singularity Hub, no longer maintained Pulling an image from Singularity Hub \u00b6 Similar to previous example, in this example I am pulling a base Ubuntu container from Singularity-Hub: $ singularity pull shub://singularityhub/ubuntu WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed 88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 31.86 MiB/s 2s You can rename the container using the --name flag: $ singularity pull --name ubuntu_test.simg shub://singularityhub/ubuntu WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed 88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 35.12 MiB/s 2s The above command will save the alpine image from the Container Library as alpine.sif Pulling an image from Docker Hub \u00b6 This example pulls an ubuntu:16.04 image from DockerHub and saves it to the working directory. $ singularity pull docker://ubuntu:20.04 INFO: Converting OCI blobs to SIF format INFO: Starting build... Getting image source signatures Copying blob 8f6b7df711c8 done Copying blob 0703c52b8763 done Copying blob 07304348ce1b done Copying blob 4795dceb8869 done Copying config 05ac933964 done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 2020/03/09 16:14:12 info unpack layer: sha256:8f6b7df711c8a4733138390ff2aba1bfeb755bf4736c39c6e4858076c40fb5eb 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:0703c52b8763604318dcbb1730c82ad276a487335ecabde2f43f69a6222e8090 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:07304348ce1b6d24f136a3c4ebaa800297b804937a6942ce9e9fe0dac0b0ca74 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:4795dceb8869bdfa64f3742e1df492e6f31baf9cfc36f1a042a8f981607e99a2 INFO: Creating SIF file... INFO: Build complete: ubuntu_20.04.sif Warning Pulling Docker images reduces reproducibility. If you were to pull a Docker image today and then wait six months and pull again, you are not guaranteed to get the same image. If any of the source layers has changed the image will be altered. If reproducibility is a priority for you, try building your images from the Container Library. Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library \u00b6 Let\u2019s use an easy example of alpine.sif image from the container library Tip You can use singularity search <name> command to locate groups, collections, and containers of interest on the Container Library Interact with images \u00b6 You can interact with images in several ways such as shell , exec and run . For these examples we will use a cowsay_latest.sif image that can be pulled from the Docker Hub. $ singularity pull docker://tswetnam/cowsay INFO: Downloading library image 67.00 MiB / 67.00 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.45 MiB/s 12s WARNING: unable to verify container: cowsay_latest.sif WARNING: Skipping container verification $ sudo singularity run cowsay_latest.sif ________________________________________ / Expect a letter from a friend who will \\ \\ ask a favor of you. / ---------------------------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || || shell \u00b6 The shell command allows you to spawn a new shell within your container and interact with it as though it were a small virtual machine. $ singularity shell cowsay_latest.sif Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> The change in prompt indicates that you have entered the container (though you should not rely on that to determine whether you are in container or not). Once inside of a Singularity container, you are the same user as you are on the host system. $ Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> whoami tswetnam Warning shell also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. This creates an ephemeral container that disappears when the shell is exited. exec \u00b6 The exec command allows you to execute a custom command within a container by specifying the image file. For instance, to execute the cowsay program within the cowsay_latest.sif container: $ singularity exec cowsay_latest.sif cowsay container camp rocks ______________________ < container camp rocks > ---------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || || exec also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. singularity exec library://lolcow container camp 2022 This creates an ephemeral container that executes a command and disappears. run \u00b6 Singularity containers contain runscripts . These are user defined scripts that define the actions a container should perform when someone runs it. The runscript can be triggered with the run command, or simply by calling the container as though it were an executable. singularity run lolcow_latest.sif _________________________________________ / You will remember, Watson, how the \\ | dreadful business of the Abernetty | | family was first brought to my notice | | by the depth which the parsley had sunk | | into the butter upon a hot day. | | | \\ -- Sherlock Holmes / ----------------------------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || || inspect \u00b6 The inspect command will provide information about labels, metadata, and environmental variables. singularity inspect lolcow.sif singularity inspect library://lolcow build \u00b6 See Next Section for details of build","title":"Introduction to Singularity"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#singularityce-installation","text":"Sylabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) homepage: https://www.sylabs.io/docs/ Apptainer Linux Foundation homepage: https://apptainer.org/","title":"SingularityCE Installation"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#conda","text":"SingularityCE or Apptainer can both be installed from Conda: conda install -c conda-forge singularityce conda install -c conda-forge apptainer","title":"Conda"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#install-locally","text":"To Install Singularity follow the instructions for your specific OS: SingularityCE","title":"Install Locally"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#module-loading-on-hpc","text":"If you are interested in working with SingularityCE on HPC, you may need to contact your systems administrator and request they install SingularityCE . Because SingularityCE ideally needs setuid, your admins may have some qualms about giving SingularityCE this privilege. If that is the case, you might consider forwarding this letter to your admins. Most HPC systems are running Environment Modules with the simple command module . You can check to see what is available: $ module avail singularity If Singularity is listed as being installed, load a specific version, e.g.: $ module load singularity/3/3.9","title":"Module loading on HPC"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#install-in-codespaces","text":"Let's use Conda (or optionally, Mamba) conda install -c conda-forge singularityce mamba install -c conda-forge singularityce","title":"Install in CodeSpaces"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#singularity-cli","text":"Singularity\u2019s command line interface allows you to build and interact with containers transparently. You can run programs inside a container as if they were running on your host system. You can easily redirect IO, use pipes, pass arguments, and access files, sockets, and ports on the host system from within a container.","title":"Singularity CLI"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#help","text":"The help command gives an overview of Singularity options and subcommands as follows: $ singularity help pull Pull an image from a URI Usage: singularity pull [pull options...] [output file] <URI> Description: The 'pull' command allows you to download or build a container from a given URI. Supported URIs include: library: Pull an image from the currently configured library library://user/collection/container[:tag] docker: Pull a Docker/OCI image from Docker Hub, or another OCI registry. docker://user/image:tag shub: Pull an image from Singularity Hub shub://user/image:tag oras: Pull a SIF image from an OCI registry that supports ORAS. oras://registry/namespace/image:tag http, https: Pull an image using the http(s?) protocol https://library.sylabs.io/v1/imagefile/library/default/alpine:latest Options: --arch string architecture to pull from library (default \"amd64\") --dir string download images to the specific directory --disable-cache dont use cached images/blobs and dont create them --docker-login login to a Docker Repository interactively -F, --force overwrite an image file if it exists -h, --help help for pull --library string download images from the provided library --no-cleanup do NOT clean up bundle after failed build, can be helpful for debugging --no-https use http instead of https for docker:// oras:// and library://<hostname>/... URIs Examples: From Sylabs cloud library $ singularity pull alpine.sif library://alpine:latest From Docker $ singularity pull tensorflow.sif docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest From Shub $ singularity pull singularity-images.sif shub://vsoch/singularity-images From supporting OCI registry (e.g. Azure Container Registry) $ singularity pull image.sif oras://<username>.azurecr.io/namespace/image:tag For additional help or support, please visit https://www.sylabs.io/docs/","title":" help"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#search","text":"Just like with Docker, you can search the Singularity container registries for images. singularity search tensorflow","title":" search"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#pull","text":"The easiest way to use a Singularity is to pull an existing container from one of the Registries. singularity pull library://lolcow singularity pull docker://<yourusername>/cowsay","title":" pull"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#downloading-pre-built-images","text":"You can use the pull command to download pre-built images from a number of Container Registries, here we'll be focusing on the Singularity-Hub or DockerHub . Container Registries: library:// - images hosted on Sylabs Cloud docker:// - images hosted on Docker Hub localimage:// - images saved on your machine yum:// - yum based systems such as CentOS and Scientific Linux debootstrap:// - apt based systems such as Debian and Ubuntu arch:// - Arch Linux busybox:// - BusyBox zypper:// - zypper based systems such as Suse and OpenSuse shub:// - (archived) images hosted on Singularity Hub, no longer maintained","title":"Downloading pre-built images"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#pulling-an-image-from-singularity-hub","text":"Similar to previous example, in this example I am pulling a base Ubuntu container from Singularity-Hub: $ singularity pull shub://singularityhub/ubuntu WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed 88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 31.86 MiB/s 2s You can rename the container using the --name flag: $ singularity pull --name ubuntu_test.simg shub://singularityhub/ubuntu WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed 88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 35.12 MiB/s 2s The above command will save the alpine image from the Container Library as alpine.sif","title":"Pulling an image from Singularity Hub"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#pulling-an-image-from-docker-hub","text":"This example pulls an ubuntu:16.04 image from DockerHub and saves it to the working directory. $ singularity pull docker://ubuntu:20.04 INFO: Converting OCI blobs to SIF format INFO: Starting build... Getting image source signatures Copying blob 8f6b7df711c8 done Copying blob 0703c52b8763 done Copying blob 07304348ce1b done Copying blob 4795dceb8869 done Copying config 05ac933964 done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 2020/03/09 16:14:12 info unpack layer: sha256:8f6b7df711c8a4733138390ff2aba1bfeb755bf4736c39c6e4858076c40fb5eb 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:0703c52b8763604318dcbb1730c82ad276a487335ecabde2f43f69a6222e8090 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:07304348ce1b6d24f136a3c4ebaa800297b804937a6942ce9e9fe0dac0b0ca74 2020/03/09 16:14:13 info unpack layer: sha256:4795dceb8869bdfa64f3742e1df492e6f31baf9cfc36f1a042a8f981607e99a2 INFO: Creating SIF file... INFO: Build complete: ubuntu_20.04.sif Warning Pulling Docker images reduces reproducibility. If you were to pull a Docker image today and then wait six months and pull again, you are not guaranteed to get the same image. If any of the source layers has changed the image will be altered. If reproducibility is a priority for you, try building your images from the Container Library.","title":"Pulling an image from Docker Hub"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#pulling-an-image-from-sylabs-cloud-library","text":"Let\u2019s use an easy example of alpine.sif image from the container library Tip You can use singularity search <name> command to locate groups, collections, and containers of interest on the Container Library","title":"Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#interact-with-images","text":"You can interact with images in several ways such as shell , exec and run . For these examples we will use a cowsay_latest.sif image that can be pulled from the Docker Hub. $ singularity pull docker://tswetnam/cowsay INFO: Downloading library image 67.00 MiB / 67.00 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.45 MiB/s 12s WARNING: unable to verify container: cowsay_latest.sif WARNING: Skipping container verification $ sudo singularity run cowsay_latest.sif ________________________________________ / Expect a letter from a friend who will \\ \\ ask a favor of you. / ---------------------------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || ||","title":"Interact with images"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#shell","text":"The shell command allows you to spawn a new shell within your container and interact with it as though it were a small virtual machine. $ singularity shell cowsay_latest.sif Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> The change in prompt indicates that you have entered the container (though you should not rely on that to determine whether you are in container or not). Once inside of a Singularity container, you are the same user as you are on the host system. $ Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> whoami tswetnam Warning shell also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. This creates an ephemeral container that disappears when the shell is exited.","title":" shell"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#exec","text":"The exec command allows you to execute a custom command within a container by specifying the image file. For instance, to execute the cowsay program within the cowsay_latest.sif container: $ singularity exec cowsay_latest.sif cowsay container camp rocks ______________________ < container camp rocks > ---------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || || exec also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. singularity exec library://lolcow container camp 2022 This creates an ephemeral container that executes a command and disappears.","title":" exec"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#run","text":"Singularity containers contain runscripts . These are user defined scripts that define the actions a container should perform when someone runs it. The runscript can be triggered with the run command, or simply by calling the container as though it were an executable. singularity run lolcow_latest.sif _________________________________________ / You will remember, Watson, how the \\ | dreadful business of the Abernetty | | family was first brought to my notice | | by the depth which the parsley had sunk | | into the butter upon a hot day. | | | \\ -- Sherlock Holmes / ----------------------------------------- \\ ^__^ \\ (oo)\\_______ (__)\\ )\\/\\ ||----w | || ||","title":" run"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#inspect","text":"The inspect command will provide information about labels, metadata, and environmental variables. singularity inspect lolcow.sif singularity inspect library://lolcow","title":" inspect"},{"location":"singularity/intro/#build","text":"See Next Section for details of build","title":" build"}]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/singularity/advanced/advanced.md b/singularity/advanced/advanced.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ac13838f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/singularity/advanced/advanced.md
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+## :octicons-terminal-24: Singularity CLI continued
+
+### Build Singularity `.sif` images
+
+Similar to Docker which uses a `Dockerfile` to build its images, Singularity uses a file called `Singularity`.
+
+**Important**
+
+* Singularity images use the `.sif` extension and appear as a single compressed file, versus Docker which uses many cached file layers to create a single image. 
+* `.sif` files also use layers, but these are not apparent.
+* `.sif` images are cached in the folder where you build them, or designate them.
+* When building from `docker://` the Docker image layers are downloaded and cached by Singularity in a `/.Singularity` folder on your build environment.
+
+### :octicons-container-24: build
+
+### Create a `.sif` image using a Docker image as the template
+
+As we've learned from the HPC and HTC groups, building Singularity images is not necessarily the most accessible and reproducible method for managing containers.
+
+Most groups suggest that you build your containers with Docker, and host them on a Docker Registry first.
+
+The market dominance of Docker and its wide acceptance as a container format, has led us to use Singularity with Docker in most cases.
+
+We've already covered how you can pull an existing image from Docker Hub, but we can also build a Singularity image from the Docker Hub using the build command:
+
+```
+$ sudo singularity build --sandbox ubuntu-latest/  docker://ubuntu
+```
+
+Test the new `.sif` image:
+
+```
+$ singularity shell --writable ubuntu-latest/
+
+Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update
+```
+
+Does it work?
+
+```
+$ sudo singularity shell ubuntu-latest.sif
+
+Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container...
+
+Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~> apt-get update
+```
+
+When I try to install software to the image without `sudo` it is denied, because `root` is the owner inside the container. When I use `sudo` I can install software into the container. The software remains in the sandbox container after closing the container and restart.
+
+In order to make these changes permanant, I need to rebuild the sandbox as a `.sif` image
+
+```
+$ sudo singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif ubuntu-latest/
+```
+
+## Creating Singularity `.sif` from scratch
+
+The contents of the `Singularity` file differ from `Dockerfile`
+
+-   `%help` - create text for a help menu associated with your container
+-   `%setup` - executed on the host system outside of the container, after the base OS has been installed.
+-   `%files` - copy files from your host system into the container
+-   `%labels` - store metadata in the container
+-   `%environment` - loads environment variables at the time the container is run (not built)
+-   `%post` - set environment variables during the build
+-   `%runscript` - executes a script when the container runs
+-   `%test` - runs a test on the build of the container
+
+| Dockerfile | FROM | ARG | COPY | RUN | ENV | LABEL | CMD |
+|--------|------|-----|------|-----|-----|-------|-----|
+| Singularity | `Bootstrap:` | `%post` | `%files` | `%post` | `%environment` | `%label` | `%runscript` |
+
+### Writing the `Singularity` file
+
+[SyLabs User-Guide](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/)
+
+A `Singularity` file can be hosted on GitHub and will be auto-detected by [Singularity-Hub](https://www.singularity-hub.org/) when you set up your container Collection.
+
+When you are building locally, you can name the `Singularity` file whatever you wish, but a better practice is to put it in a specified directory and name it `Singularity`. 
+
+Building your own containers requires that you have sudo privileges - therefore you'll need to develop these on your local machine or on a VM that you can gain root access on.
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **Header**
+
+The top of the file, selects the base OS for the container, just like
+`FROM` in Docker.
+
+`Bootstrap:` references another registry (e.g. `docker` for DockerHub,
+`debootstrap`, or `library` for Sylabs [Container Library](https://cloud.sylabs.io/library){target=_blank}).
+
+`From:` selects the tag name.
+
+Using `debootstrap` with a build that uses a mirror:
+
+```
+BootStrap: debootstrap
+OSVersion: jammy
+MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
+```
+
+Using CentOS-like container:
+
+```
+Bootstrap: yum
+OSVersion: 7
+MirrorURL: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-7/7/os/x86_64/
+Include:yum
+```
+
+Note: to use yum to build a container you should be operating on a RHEL system, or an Ubuntu system with yum installed.
+
+Using a localimage to build:
+
+```
+Bootstrap: localimage
+From: /path/to/container/file/or/directory
+```
+
+
+The container registries which Singularity uses are listed in the
+[Introduction Section 3.1](https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/container_camp_workshop_2019/en/latest/singularity/singularityintro.html#downloading-pre-built-images).
+
+-   The Singularity file uses sections to specify the dependencies,
+    environmental settings, and runscripts when it builds.
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **help**
+
+`%help` section can be as verbose as you want
+
+```
+Bootstrap: docker
+From: ubuntu
+
+%help
+This is the container help section.
+```
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **setup**
+
+`%setup` commands are executed on the localhost system outside of the
+container - these files could include necessary build dependencies. We
+can copy files to the `$SINGULARITY_ROOTFS` file system can be done
+during setup
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **files**
+
+`%files` include any files that you want to copy from your localhost into the container.
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **post**
+
+`%post` includes all of the environment variables and dependencies that you want to see installed into the container at build time.
+
+```
+%post
+    apt-get -y update
+    apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+```
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **environment**
+
+`%environment` includes the environment variables which we want to be run when we start the container
+
+```
+%environment
+    export LC_ALL=C
+    export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+```
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **runscript**
+
+`%runscript` does what it says, it executes a set of commands when the
+container is run.
+
+```
+%runscript
+    fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+```
+
+#### :material-layers-edit: **labels**
+
+`%labels` are used similar to Dockerfile which allow you to add metadata to the image file in key-value pairs
+
+```
+%labels
+Author Your Name
+Email email@address.org
+Version v2022
+CustomLabel statement here
+```
+
+Labels can be read using the `inspect` command
+
+#### Example File
+
+Example `Singularity` file bootstrapping an Ubuntu (22.04) image.
+
+```
+Bootstrap: docker
+From: ubuntu:22.04
+
+%post
+   apt-get -y update
+   apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+
+%environment
+   export LC_ALL=C
+   export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+
+%runscript
+   fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+
+%labels
+   Maintainer Your Name
+   Version v2022
+```
+
+Build the container:
+
+```
+singularity build cowsay.sif Singularity
+```
+
+Run the container:
+
+```
+singularity run cowsay.sif
+```
+
+## Sandbox
+
+Sandboxing is another approach to building up a container image.
+
diff --git a/singularity/advanced/index.html b/singularity/advanced/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..01074813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/singularity/advanced/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1744 @@
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+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Home
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/code_conduct/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Code of Conduct
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/schedule/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Schedule
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../getting_started/setup/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Pre-Camp Setup
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_2" type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2">
+          Docker
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Docker" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Docker
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Finding the right container
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/build/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Building Docker Containers
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/actions/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub Actions and Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../docker/compose/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Running multi-container Applications
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" checked>
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../intro/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Advanced use of Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-cli-continued" class="md-nav__link">
+     Singularity CLI continued
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" Singularity CLI continued">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build-singularity-sif-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Build Singularity .sif images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build" class="md-nav__link">
+     build
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-sif-image-using-a-docker-image-as-the-template" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a .sif image using a Docker image as the template
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-singularity-sif-from-scratch" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating Singularity .sif from scratch
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Creating Singularity .sif from scratch">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-the-singularity-file" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing the Singularity file
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Writing the Singularity file">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#header" class="md-nav__link">
+     Header
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#help" class="md-nav__link">
+     help
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setup" class="md-nav__link">
+     setup
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#files" class="md-nav__link">
+     files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#post" class="md-nav__link">
+     post
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#environment" class="md-nav__link">
+     environment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#runscript" class="md-nav__link">
+     runscript
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#labels" class="md-nav__link">
+     labels
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#example-file" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example File
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#sandbox" class="md-nav__link">
+    Sandbox
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-cli-continued" class="md-nav__link">
+     Singularity CLI continued
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" Singularity CLI continued">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build-singularity-sif-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Build Singularity .sif images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build" class="md-nav__link">
+     build
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#create-a-sif-image-using-a-docker-image-as-the-template" class="md-nav__link">
+    Create a .sif image using a Docker image as the template
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#creating-singularity-sif-from-scratch" class="md-nav__link">
+    Creating Singularity .sif from scratch
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Creating Singularity .sif from scratch">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#writing-the-singularity-file" class="md-nav__link">
+    Writing the Singularity file
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Writing the Singularity file">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#header" class="md-nav__link">
+     Header
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#help" class="md-nav__link">
+     help
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#setup" class="md-nav__link">
+     setup
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#files" class="md-nav__link">
+     files
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#post" class="md-nav__link">
+     post
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#environment" class="md-nav__link">
+     environment
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#runscript" class="md-nav__link">
+     runscript
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#labels" class="md-nav__link">
+     labels
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#example-file" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example File
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#sandbox" class="md-nav__link">
+    Sandbox
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/singularity/advanced.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Advanced use of Singularity</h1>
+
+<h2 id="singularity-cli-continued"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.25 12a.75.75 0 0 1-.22.53l-2.75 2.75a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06-1.06L7.44 12 5.22 9.78a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06-1.06l2.75 2.75c.141.14.22.331.22.53zm2 2a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-5z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 4.75C0 3.784.784 3 1.75 3h20.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v14.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 22.25 21H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 19.25V4.75zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v14.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h20.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V4.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75z"/></svg></span> Singularity CLI continued<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity-cli-continued" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="build-singularity-sif-images">Build Singularity <code>.sif</code> images<a class="headerlink" href="#build-singularity-sif-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Similar to Docker which uses a <code>Dockerfile</code> to build its images, Singularity uses a file called <code>Singularity</code>.</p>
+<p><strong>Important</strong></p>
+<ul>
+<li>Singularity images use the <code>.sif</code> extension and appear as a single compressed file, versus Docker which uses many cached file layers to create a single image. </li>
+<li><code>.sif</code> files also use layers, but these are not apparent.</li>
+<li><code>.sif</code> images are cached in the folder where you build them, or designate them.</li>
+<li>When building from <code>docker://</code> the Docker image layers are downloaded and cached by Singularity in a <code>/.Singularity</code> folder on your build environment.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="build"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> build<a class="headerlink" href="#build" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<h3 id="create-a-sif-image-using-a-docker-image-as-the-template">Create a <code>.sif</code> image using a Docker image as the template<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-sif-image-using-a-docker-image-as-the-template" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>As we've learned from the HPC and HTC groups, building Singularity images is not necessarily the most accessible and reproducible method for managing containers.</p>
+<p>Most groups suggest that you build your containers with Docker, and host them on a Docker Registry first.</p>
+<p>The market dominance of Docker and its wide acceptance as a container format, has led us to use Singularity with Docker in most cases.</p>
+<p>We've already covered how you can pull an existing image from Docker Hub, but we can also build a Singularity image from the Docker Hub using the build command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>$ sudo singularity build --sandbox ubuntu-latest/  docker://ubuntu
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Test the new <code>.sif</code> image:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>$ singularity shell --writable ubuntu-latest/
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~&gt; apt-get update
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Does it work?</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>$ sudo singularity shell ubuntu-latest.sif
+<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>Singularity: Invoking an interactive shell within container...
+<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a>Singularity ubuntu-latest.sif:~&gt; apt-get update
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>When I try to install software to the image without <code>sudo</code> it is denied, because <code>root</code> is the owner inside the container. When I use <code>sudo</code> I can install software into the container. The software remains in the sandbox container after closing the container and restart.</p>
+<p>In order to make these changes permanant, I need to rebuild the sandbox as a <code>.sif</code> image</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>$ sudo singularity build ubuntu-latest.sif ubuntu-latest/
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="creating-singularity-sif-from-scratch">Creating Singularity <code>.sif</code> from scratch<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-singularity-sif-from-scratch" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>The contents of the <code>Singularity</code> file differ from <code>Dockerfile</code></p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>%help</code> - create text for a help menu associated with your container</li>
+<li><code>%setup</code> - executed on the host system outside of the container, after the base OS has been installed.</li>
+<li><code>%files</code> - copy files from your host system into the container</li>
+<li><code>%labels</code> - store metadata in the container</li>
+<li><code>%environment</code> - loads environment variables at the time the container is run (not built)</li>
+<li><code>%post</code> - set environment variables during the build</li>
+<li><code>%runscript</code> - executes a script when the container runs</li>
+<li><code>%test</code> - runs a test on the build of the container</li>
+</ul>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th>Dockerfile</th>
+<th>FROM</th>
+<th>ARG</th>
+<th>COPY</th>
+<th>RUN</th>
+<th>ENV</th>
+<th>LABEL</th>
+<th>CMD</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td>Singularity</td>
+<td><code>Bootstrap:</code></td>
+<td><code>%post</code></td>
+<td><code>%files</code></td>
+<td><code>%post</code></td>
+<td><code>%environment</code></td>
+<td><code>%label</code></td>
+<td><code>%runscript</code></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<h3 id="writing-the-singularity-file">Writing the <code>Singularity</code> file<a class="headerlink" href="#writing-the-singularity-file" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/">SyLabs User-Guide</a></p>
+<p>A <code>Singularity</code> file can be hosted on GitHub and will be auto-detected by <a href="https://www.singularity-hub.org/">Singularity-Hub</a> when you set up your container Collection.</p>
+<p>When you are building locally, you can name the <code>Singularity</code> file whatever you wish, but a better practice is to put it in a specified directory and name it <code>Singularity</code>. </p>
+<p>Building your own containers requires that you have sudo privileges - therefore you'll need to develop these on your local machine or on a VM that you can gain root access on.</p>
+<h4 id="header"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>Header</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#header" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>The top of the file, selects the base OS for the container, just like
+<code>FROM</code> in Docker.</p>
+<p><code>Bootstrap:</code> references another registry (e.g. <code>docker</code> for DockerHub,
+<code>debootstrap</code>, or <code>library</code> for Sylabs <a href="https://cloud.sylabs.io/library" target="_blank">Container Library</a>).</p>
+<p><code>From:</code> selects the tag name.</p>
+<p>Using <code>debootstrap</code> with a build that uses a mirror:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>BootStrap: debootstrap
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>OSVersion: jammy
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a>MirrorURL: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Using CentOS-like container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>Bootstrap: yum
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>OSVersion: 7
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>MirrorURL: http://mirror.centos.org/centos-7/7/os/x86_64/
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>Include:yum
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Note: to use yum to build a container you should be operating on a RHEL system, or an Ubuntu system with yum installed.</p>
+<p>Using a localimage to build:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>Bootstrap: localimage
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>From: /path/to/container/file/or/directory
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The container registries which Singularity uses are listed in the
+<a href="https://learning.cyverse.org/projects/container_camp_workshop_2019/en/latest/singularity/singularityintro.html#downloading-pre-built-images">Introduction Section 3.1</a>.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The Singularity file uses sections to specify the dependencies,
+    environmental settings, and runscripts when it builds.</li>
+</ul>
+<h4 id="help"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>help</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#help" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%help</code> section can be as verbose as you want</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>Bootstrap: docker
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>From: ubuntu
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>%help
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>This is the container help section.
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="setup"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>setup</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#setup" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%setup</code> commands are executed on the localhost system outside of the
+container - these files could include necessary build dependencies. We
+can copy files to the <code>$SINGULARITY_ROOTFS</code> file system can be done
+during setup</p>
+<h4 id="files"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>files</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#files" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%files</code> include any files that you want to copy from your localhost into the container.</p>
+<h4 id="post"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>post</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#post" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%post</code> includes all of the environment variables and dependencies that you want to see installed into the container at build time.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>%post
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>    apt-get -y update
+<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a>    apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="environment"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>environment</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#environment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%environment</code> includes the environment variables which we want to be run when we start the container</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>%environment
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>    export LC_ALL=C
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>    export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="runscript"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>runscript</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#runscript" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%runscript</code> does what it says, it executes a set of commands when the
+container is run.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>%runscript
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>    fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="labels"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.63 10.27 3 9l9-7 7.94 6.17-7.44 7.44-.5.39-7.37-5.73M10 18.94v-.83l.59-.58.04-.03-6.01-4.69L3 14.07l7 5.43v-.56m11.7-6.36-1.28-1.28a.55.55 0 0 0-.77 0l-1 1 2.05 2.05 1-1a.55.55 0 0 0 0-.77M12 21h2.06l6.05-6.07-2.05-2.05L12 18.94V21Z"/></svg></span> <strong>labels</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#labels" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p><code>%labels</code> are used similar to Dockerfile which allow you to add metadata to the image file in key-value pairs</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>%labels
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>Author Your Name
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a>Email email@address.org
+<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>Version v2022
+<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>CustomLabel statement here
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Labels can be read using the <code>inspect</code> command</p>
+<h4 id="example-file">Example File<a class="headerlink" href="#example-file" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Example <code>Singularity</code> file bootstrapping an Ubuntu (22.04) image.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>Bootstrap: docker
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>From: ubuntu:22.04
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>%post
+<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>   apt-get -y update
+<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>   apt-get -y install fortune cowsay lolcat
+<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a>%environment
+<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>   export LC_ALL=C
+<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>   export PATH=/usr/games:$PATH
+<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>%runscript
+<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>   fortune | cowsay | lolcat
+<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>%labels
+<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>   Maintainer Your Name
+<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a>   Version v2022
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Build the container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>singularity build cowsay.sif Singularity
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Run the container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>singularity run cowsay.sif
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="sandbox">Sandbox<a class="headerlink" href="#sandbox" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Sandboxing is another approach to building up a container image.</p>
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diff --git a/singularity/hpc/hpc.md b/singularity/hpc/hpc.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..97eab8d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/singularity/hpc/hpc.md
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+# Singularity and High Performance Computing
+
+High Performance Computing resources fill an important role in research
+computing and can support container execution through runtimes such as
+Singularity or, hopefully soon, rootless Docker, among other options.
+
+Conducting analyses on HPC clusters happens through different patterns
+of interaction than running analyses on a cloud VM. When you login, you
+are on a node that is shared with lots of people, typically called the
+"login node". Trying to run jobs on the login node is not "high
+performance" at all (and will likely get you an admonishing email from
+the system administrator). Login nodes are intended to be used for
+moving files, editing files, and launching jobs.
+
+Importantly, most jobs run on an HPC cluster are neither
+**interactive**, nor **realtime**. When you submit a job to the
+scheduler, you must tell it what resources you need (e.g. how many
+nodes, how much RAM, what type of nodes, and for how long) in addition
+to what you want to run. Then the scheduler finally has resources
+matching your requirements, it runs the job for you. If your request is
+very large, or very long, you may never make it out of the queue.
+
+For example, on a VM if you run the command:
+
+```
+singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+```
+
+The container will immediately start.
+
+On an HPC system, your job submission script would look something like:
+
+```
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+#SBATCH -J myjob                      # Job name
+#SBATCH -o output.%j                  # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId)
+#SBATCH -p development                # Queue name
+#SBATCH -N 1                          # Total number of nodes requested (68 cores/node)
+#SBATCH -n 17                         # Total number of mpi tasks requested
+#SBATCH -t 02:00:00                   # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours
+
+module load singularity/3/3.1
+singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+```
+
+This example is for the Slurm scheduler. Each of the \#SBATCH lines
+looks like a comment to the bash kernel, but the scheduler reads all
+those lines to know what resources to reserve for you.
+
+It is usually possible to get an interactive session as well, by using
+an interactive flag, -i.
+
+!!! Warning
+        Every HPC cluster is a little different, but they almost universally
+        have a "User's Guide" that serves both as a quick reference for helpful
+        commands and contains guidelines for how to be a "good citizen" while
+        using the system. For TACC's Stampede2 system, see the [user guide](https://portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guides/stampede2). For The
+        University of Arizona, see the [user guide](https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/).
+
+## How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?
+
+A few things to consider when using HPC systems:
+
+1.  Using `sudo` is not allowed on HPC systems, and building a
+    Singularity container from scratch requires sudo. That means you
+    have to build your containers on a different development system. You
+    can pull a docker image on HPC systems
+2.  If you need to edit text files, command line text editors don't
+    support using a mouse, so working efficiently has a learning curve.
+    There are text editors that support editing files over SSH. This
+    lets you use a local text editor and just save the changes to the
+    HPC system.
+
+These constraints make HPC systems perfectly suitable for execution
+environments, but currently a limiting choice for a development
+environment. We usually recommend your local laptop or a VM as a
+development environment where you can iterate on your code rapidly and
+test container building and execution.
+
+## Singularity and MPI
+
+Singularity supports MPI fairly well. Since (by default) the network is
+the same insde and outside the container, the communication between
+containers usually just works. The more complicated bit is making sure
+that the container has the right set of MPI libraries. MPI is an open
+specification, but there are several implementations (OpenMPI, MVAPICH2,
+and Intel MPI to name three) with some non-overlapping feature sets. If
+the host and container are running different MPI implementations, or
+even different versions of the same implementation, hilarity may ensue.
+
+The general rule is that you want the version of MPI inside the
+container to be the same version or newer than the host. You may be
+thinking that this is not good for the portability of your container,
+and you are right. Containerizing MPI applications is not terribly
+difficult with Singularity, but it comes at the cost of additional
+requirements for the host system.
+
+!!! Warning
+        Many HPC Systems, like Stampede2 at TACC and Ocelote at UAHPC, have
+        high-speed, low-latency networks that have special drivers. Infiniband,
+        Ares, and OmniPath are three different specs for these types of
+        networks. When running MPI jobs, if the container doesn't have the right
+        libraries, it won't be able to use those special interconnects to
+        communicate between nodes.
+
+## Base Docker images
+
+Depending on the system you will use, you may have to build your own MPI
+enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match).
+
+When running at TACC, there is a set of curated Docker images for use in
+the FROM line of your own containers. You can see a list of availabe
+images at
+[<https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc>](https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc)
+
+Specifically, you can use the `tacc/tacc-ubuntu18-mvapich2.3-psm2` image
+to satisfy the MPI architecture and version requirements for running on
+Stampede2.
+
+Because you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images
+(to get the versions to match), here is a 3.1 compatible example of what
+it may look like:
+
+> BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: xenial MirrorURL:
+> <http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/>
+>
+> %runscript
+>
+> :   echo "This is what happens when you run the container..."
+>
+> %post
+>
+> :   echo "Hello from inside the container" sed -i 's/\$/ universe/'
+>     /etc/apt/sources.list apt update apt -y --allow-unauthenticated
+>     install vim build-essential wget gfortran bison libibverbs-dev
+>     libibmad-dev libibumad-dev librdmacm-dev libmlx5-dev libmlx4-dev
+>     wget
+>     <http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz>
+>     tar xvf mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz cd mvapich2-2.1 ./configure
+>     --prefix=/usr/local make -j4 make install /usr/local/bin/mpicc
+>     examples/hellow.c -o /usr/bin/hellow
+>
+You could also build in everything in a Dockerfile and convert the image
+to Singularity at the end.
+
+Once you have a working MPI container, invoking it would look something
+like:
+
+```
+mpirun -np 4 singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif /app.py arg1 arg2
+```
+
+This will use the **host MPI** libraries to run in parallel, and
+assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.
+
+For a single node, you can also use the **container MPI** to run in
+parallel (usually you don't want this)
+
+```
+singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif mpirun -np 4 /app.py arg1 arg2
+```
+
+## Example Containerized MPI App
+
+In your Docker development environment, make a new directory in which to
+build up a new image and download (or copy and paste) two files in that
+directory:
+
+[<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi>](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi)
+
+[<https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py>](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py)
+
+Take a look at both files. `pi-mpi.py` is a simple MPI Python script
+that approximates pi (very inefficiently) by random sampling.
+`Dockerfile.mpi` is an updated Dockerfile that uses the TACC base image
+to satisfy all the MPI requirements on Stampede2.
+
+Next, try building the new container.
+
+```
+$ docker build -t USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi -f Dockerfile.mpi .
+```
+
+Don't forget to change USERNAME to your DockerHub username.
+
+Once you have successfully built an image, push it up to DockerHub with
+the `docker push` command so that we can pull it back down on Stampede2.
+
+## Running an MPI Container on Stampede2
+
+To test, we can grab an interactive session that has two nodes. That way
+we can see if we can make the two nodes work together. On TACC systems,
+the "idev" command will start an interactive session on a compute node:
+
+```
+$ idev -m 60 -p normal -N 2 -n 128
+```
+
+Once you have nodes at your disposal and a container on DockerHub,
+invoking it would look something like:
+
+```
+module load tacc-singularity
+cd $WORK
+singularity pull docker://USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi
+time singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+time ibrun singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+```
+
+!!! Warning
+        TACC uses a command called `ibrun` on all of its systems that
+        configures MPI to use the high-speed, low-latency network. If you are
+        familiar with MPI, this is the functional equivalent to `mpirun`
+
+The first `singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000`
+command will use 1 CPU core to sample ten million times. The second
+command, using `ibrun` will run 128 processes that sample ten million
+times each and pass their results back to the "rank 0" MPI process to
+merge the results.
+
+This will use the **host MPI** libraries to run in parallel, and
+assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.
+
+As an aside, for a single node you can also use the **container MPI** to
+run in parallel (but usually you don't want this).
+
+When you are don with your interactive session, don't forget to `exit`
+to end the session and go back to the login node.
+
+## Singularity and GPU Computing
+
+GPU support in Singularity is very good.
+
+Since Singularity supported docker containers, it has been fairly simple
+to utilize GPUs for machine learning code like TensorFlow. We will not
+do this as a hands-on exercise, but in general the procedule is as
+follows.
+
+```
+# Load the singularity module
+module load singularity/3/3.1
+
+# Pull your image
+singularity pull docker://nvidia/caffe:latest
+
+singularity exec --nv caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+```
+
+Please note that the --nv flag specifically passes the GPU drivers into
+the container. If you leave it out, the GPU will not be detected.
+
+```
+# this is missing the --nv flag and will not work
+singularity exec caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+```
+
+The main requirement for GPU containers to work is that the version of
+the host drivers matches the major version of the library inside the
+container. So, for example, if CUDA 10 is on the host, the container
+needs to use CUDA 10 internally.
+
+For TensorFlow, you can directly pull their latest GPU image and utilize
+it as follows.
+
+```
+# Change to your $WORK directory
+cd $WORK
+#Get the software
+git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git ~/models
+# Pull the image
+singularity pull docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu
+# Run the code
+singularity exec --nv tensorflow-latest-gpu.sif python $HOME/models/tutorials/image/mnist/convolutional.py
+```
+
+The University of Arizona HPS [Singularity examples](https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers).
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/singularity/hpc/index.html b/singularity/hpc/index.html
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+    </label>
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+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow" class="md-nav__link">
+    How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-and-mpi" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity and MPI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#base-docker-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Base Docker images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#example-containerized-mpi-app" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example Containerized MPI App
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-an-mpi-container-on-stampede2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running an MPI Container on Stampede2
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-and-gpu-computing" class="md-nav__link">
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+      
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+  <a href="#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow" class="md-nav__link">
+    How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-and-mpi" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity and MPI
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
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+  <a href="#base-docker-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Base Docker images
+  </a>
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+</li>
+      
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+  <a href="#example-containerized-mpi-app" class="md-nav__link">
+    Example Containerized MPI App
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#running-an-mpi-container-on-stampede2" class="md-nav__link">
+    Running an MPI Container on Stampede2
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-and-gpu-computing" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity and GPU Computing
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
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+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/singularity/hpc.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+<h1 id="singularity-and-high-performance-computing">Singularity and High Performance Computing<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity-and-high-performance-computing" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<p>High Performance Computing resources fill an important role in research
+computing and can support container execution through runtimes such as
+Singularity or, hopefully soon, rootless Docker, among other options.</p>
+<p>Conducting analyses on HPC clusters happens through different patterns
+of interaction than running analyses on a cloud VM. When you login, you
+are on a node that is shared with lots of people, typically called the
+"login node". Trying to run jobs on the login node is not "high
+performance" at all (and will likely get you an admonishing email from
+the system administrator). Login nodes are intended to be used for
+moving files, editing files, and launching jobs.</p>
+<p>Importantly, most jobs run on an HPC cluster are neither
+<strong>interactive</strong>, nor <strong>realtime</strong>. When you submit a job to the
+scheduler, you must tell it what resources you need (e.g. how many
+nodes, how much RAM, what type of nodes, and for how long) in addition
+to what you want to run. Then the scheduler finally has resources
+matching your requirements, it runs the job for you. If your request is
+very large, or very long, you may never make it out of the queue.</p>
+<p>For example, on a VM if you run the command:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The container will immediately start.</p>
+<p>On an HPC system, your job submission script would look something like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>#!/bin/bash
+<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>#
+<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>#SBATCH -J myjob                      # Job name
+<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>#SBATCH -o output.%j                  # Name of stdout output file (%j expands to jobId)
+<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a>#SBATCH -p development                # Queue name
+<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a>#SBATCH -N 1                          # Total number of nodes requested (68 cores/node)
+<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>#SBATCH -n 17                         # Total number of mpi tasks requested
+<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a>#SBATCH -t 02:00:00                   # Run time (hh:mm:ss) - 4 hours
+<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a>module load singularity/3/3.1
+<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a>singularity exec docker://python:latest /usr/local/bin/python
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>This example is for the Slurm scheduler. Each of the #SBATCH lines
+looks like a comment to the bash kernel, but the scheduler reads all
+those lines to know what resources to reserve for you.</p>
+<p>It is usually possible to get an interactive session as well, by using
+an interactive flag, -i.</p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning<p>Every HPC cluster is a little different, but they almost universally
+have a "User's Guide" that serves both as a quick reference for helpful
+commands and contains guidelines for how to be a "good citizen" while
+using the system. For TACC's Stampede2 system, see the <a href="https://portal.tacc.utexas.edu/user-guides/stampede2">user guide</a>. For The
+University of Arizona, see the <a href="https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/">user guide</a>.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow">How do HPC systems fit into the development workflow?<a class="headerlink" href="#how-do-hpc-systems-fit-into-the-development-workflow" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>A few things to consider when using HPC systems:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Using <code>sudo</code> is not allowed on HPC systems, and building a
+    Singularity container from scratch requires sudo. That means you
+    have to build your containers on a different development system. You
+    can pull a docker image on HPC systems</li>
+<li>If you need to edit text files, command line text editors don't
+    support using a mouse, so working efficiently has a learning curve.
+    There are text editors that support editing files over SSH. This
+    lets you use a local text editor and just save the changes to the
+    HPC system.</li>
+</ol>
+<p>These constraints make HPC systems perfectly suitable for execution
+environments, but currently a limiting choice for a development
+environment. We usually recommend your local laptop or a VM as a
+development environment where you can iterate on your code rapidly and
+test container building and execution.</p>
+<h2 id="singularity-and-mpi">Singularity and MPI<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity-and-mpi" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Singularity supports MPI fairly well. Since (by default) the network is
+the same insde and outside the container, the communication between
+containers usually just works. The more complicated bit is making sure
+that the container has the right set of MPI libraries. MPI is an open
+specification, but there are several implementations (OpenMPI, MVAPICH2,
+and Intel MPI to name three) with some non-overlapping feature sets. If
+the host and container are running different MPI implementations, or
+even different versions of the same implementation, hilarity may ensue.</p>
+<p>The general rule is that you want the version of MPI inside the
+container to be the same version or newer than the host. You may be
+thinking that this is not good for the portability of your container,
+and you are right. Containerizing MPI applications is not terribly
+difficult with Singularity, but it comes at the cost of additional
+requirements for the host system.</p>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning<p>Many HPC Systems, like Stampede2 at TACC and Ocelote at UAHPC, have
+high-speed, low-latency networks that have special drivers. Infiniband,
+Ares, and OmniPath are three different specs for these types of
+networks. When running MPI jobs, if the container doesn't have the right
+libraries, it won't be able to use those special interconnects to
+communicate between nodes.</p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="base-docker-images">Base Docker images<a class="headerlink" href="#base-docker-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Depending on the system you will use, you may have to build your own MPI
+enabled Singularity images (to get the versions to match).</p>
+<p>When running at TACC, there is a set of curated Docker images for use in
+the FROM line of your own containers. You can see a list of availabe
+images at
+<a href="https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc"><a href="https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc">https://hub.docker.com/u/tacc</a></a></p>
+<p>Specifically, you can use the <code>tacc/tacc-ubuntu18-mvapich2.3-psm2</code> image
+to satisfy the MPI architecture and version requirements for running on
+Stampede2.</p>
+<p>Because you may have to build your own MPI enabled Singularity images
+(to get the versions to match), here is a 3.1 compatible example of what
+it may look like:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>BootStrap: debootstrap OSVersion: xenial MirrorURL:
+<a href="http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/">http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/</a></p>
+<dl>
+<dt>%runscript</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>echo "This is what happens when you run the container..."</p>
+</dd>
+<dt>%post</dt>
+<dd>
+<p>echo "Hello from inside the container" sed -i 's/$/ universe/'
+/etc/apt/sources.list apt update apt -y --allow-unauthenticated
+install vim build-essential wget gfortran bison libibverbs-dev
+libibmad-dev libibumad-dev librdmacm-dev libmlx5-dev libmlx4-dev
+wget
+<a href="http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz">http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/download/mvapich/mv2/mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz</a>
+tar xvf mvapich2-2.1.tar.gz cd mvapich2-2.1 ./configure
+--prefix=/usr/local make -j4 make install /usr/local/bin/mpicc
+examples/hellow.c -o /usr/bin/hellow</p>
+</dd>
+</dl>
+<p>You could also build in everything in a Dockerfile and convert the image
+to Singularity at the end.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Once you have a working MPI container, invoking it would look something
+like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>mpirun -np 4 singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif /app.py arg1 arg2
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>This will use the <strong>host MPI</strong> libraries to run in parallel, and
+assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.</p>
+<p>For a single node, you can also use the <strong>container MPI</strong> to run in
+parallel (usually you don't want this)</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>singularity exec ./mycontainer.sif mpirun -np 4 /app.py arg1 arg2
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="example-containerized-mpi-app">Example Containerized MPI App<a class="headerlink" href="#example-containerized-mpi-app" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>In your Docker development environment, make a new directory in which to
+build up a new image and download (or copy and paste) two files in that
+directory:</p>
+<p><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi"><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi">https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/Dockerfile.mpi</a></a></p>
+<p><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py"><a href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py">https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TACC/containers_at_tacc/master/docs/scripts/pi-mpi.py</a></a></p>
+<p>Take a look at both files. <code>pi-mpi.py</code> is a simple MPI Python script
+that approximates pi (very inefficiently) by random sampling.
+<code>Dockerfile.mpi</code> is an updated Dockerfile that uses the TACC base image
+to satisfy all the MPI requirements on Stampede2.</p>
+<p>Next, try building the new container.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>$ docker build -t USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi -f Dockerfile.mpi .
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Don't forget to change USERNAME to your DockerHub username.</p>
+<p>Once you have successfully built an image, push it up to DockerHub with
+the <code>docker push</code> command so that we can pull it back down on Stampede2.</p>
+<h2 id="running-an-mpi-container-on-stampede2">Running an MPI Container on Stampede2<a class="headerlink" href="#running-an-mpi-container-on-stampede2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>To test, we can grab an interactive session that has two nodes. That way
+we can see if we can make the two nodes work together. On TACC systems,
+the "idev" command will start an interactive session on a compute node:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>$ idev -m 60 -p normal -N 2 -n 128
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Once you have nodes at your disposal and a container on DockerHub,
+invoking it would look something like:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>module load tacc-singularity
+<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>cd $WORK
+<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a>singularity pull docker://USERNAME/pi-estimator:0.1-mpi
+<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>time singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a>time ibrun singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning<p>TACC uses a command called <code>ibrun</code> on all of its systems that
+configures MPI to use the high-speed, low-latency network. If you are
+familiar with MPI, this is the functional equivalent to <code>mpirun</code></p>
+</p>
+</div>
+<p>The first <code>singularity exec pi-estimator_0.1-mpi.sif pi-mpi.py 10000000</code>
+command will use 1 CPU core to sample ten million times. The second
+command, using <code>ibrun</code> will run 128 processes that sample ten million
+times each and pass their results back to the "rank 0" MPI process to
+merge the results.</p>
+<p>This will use the <strong>host MPI</strong> libraries to run in parallel, and
+assuming the image has what it needs, can work across many nodes.</p>
+<p>As an aside, for a single node you can also use the <strong>container MPI</strong> to
+run in parallel (but usually you don't want this).</p>
+<p>When you are don with your interactive session, don't forget to <code>exit</code>
+to end the session and go back to the login node.</p>
+<h2 id="singularity-and-gpu-computing">Singularity and GPU Computing<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity-and-gpu-computing" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>GPU support in Singularity is very good.</p>
+<p>Since Singularity supported docker containers, it has been fairly simple
+to utilize GPUs for machine learning code like TensorFlow. We will not
+do this as a hands-on exercise, but in general the procedule is as
+follows.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a># Load the singularity module
+<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>module load singularity/3/3.1
+<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a># Pull your image
+<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a>singularity pull docker://nvidia/caffe:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a>singularity exec --nv caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Please note that the --nv flag specifically passes the GPU drivers into
+the container. If you leave it out, the GPU will not be detected.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a># this is missing the --nv flag and will not work
+<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>singularity exec caffe-latest.sif caffe device_query -gpu 0
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The main requirement for GPU containers to work is that the version of
+the host drivers matches the major version of the library inside the
+container. So, for example, if CUDA 10 is on the host, the container
+needs to use CUDA 10 internally.</p>
+<p>For TensorFlow, you can directly pull their latest GPU image and utilize
+it as follows.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a># Change to your $WORK directory
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>cd $WORK
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>#Get the software
+<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/models.git ~/models
+<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a># Pull the image
+<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>singularity pull docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu
+<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a># Run the code
+<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>singularity exec --nv tensorflow-latest-gpu.sif python $HOME/models/tutorials/image/mnist/convolutional.py
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The University of Arizona HPS <a href="https://docs.hpc.arizona.edu/display/UAHPC/Containers">Singularity examples</a>.</p>
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diff --git a/singularity/intro/index.html b/singularity/intro/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8a50cb29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/singularity/intro/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1917 @@
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+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" checked>
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
+          Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Singularity
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
+      
+      <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
+      
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
+          Introduction to Singularity
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
+        Introduction to Singularity
+      </a>
+      
+        
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularityce-installation" class="md-nav__link">
+    SingularityCE Installation
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="SingularityCE Installation">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#conda" class="md-nav__link">
+    Conda
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-locally" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install Locally
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#module-loading-on-hpc" class="md-nav__link">
+    Module loading on HPC
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-in-codespaces" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install in CodeSpaces
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-cli" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity CLI
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity CLI">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#help" class="md-nav__link">
+     help
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#search" class="md-nav__link">
+     search
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pull" class="md-nav__link">
+     pull
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" pull">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#downloading-pre-built-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Downloading pre-built images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-singularity-hub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Singularity Hub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-docker-hub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Docker Hub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-sylabs-cloud-library" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interact-with-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interact with images
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Interact with images">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#shell" class="md-nav__link">
+     shell
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#exec" class="md-nav__link">
+     exec
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+     run
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#inspect" class="md-nav__link">
+     inspect
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build" class="md-nav__link">
+     build
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+      
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../advanced/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../hpc/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Using Singularity on HPC/HTC
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
+          Orchestration
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Orchestration" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Orchestration
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advk8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Introduction to Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/advterra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Advanced use of Terraform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Interface
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/cacao_terra/" class="md-nav__link">
+        CyVerse CACAO Terraform CLI
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../orchestration/registry/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Manage private container registry
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5">
+          Cloud Services
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Cloud Services" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Cloud Services
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/js2/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Jetstream-2
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/openstack/" class="md-nav__link">
+        OpenStack
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/codespaces/" class="md-nav__link">
+        GitHub CodeSpaces
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/aws/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Amazon Web Services
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/azure/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Azure
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../cloud/gcp/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Google Cloud Platform
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+      
+      
+      
+
+  
+  
+  
+    
+    <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
+      
+      
+        <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_6" type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
+      
+      
+      
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+          
+        
+      
+      
+        <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_6">
+          Useful Resources
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+        </label>
+      
+      <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Useful Resources" data-md-level="1">
+        <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
+          <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+          Useful Resources
+        </label>
+        <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/vscode/" class="md-nav__link">
+        VSCode
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/docker/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Docker
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/singularity/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Singularity
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/k8s/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Kubernetes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+            
+              
+  
+  
+  
+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../../resources/post/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Camp Discussion and Notes
+      </a>
+    </li>
+  
+
+            
+          
+        </ul>
+      </nav>
+    </li>
+  
+
+    
+  </ul>
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+            
+              
+              <div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
+                <div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularityce-installation" class="md-nav__link">
+    SingularityCE Installation
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="SingularityCE Installation">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#conda" class="md-nav__link">
+    Conda
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-locally" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install Locally
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#module-loading-on-hpc" class="md-nav__link">
+    Module loading on HPC
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#install-in-codespaces" class="md-nav__link">
+    Install in CodeSpaces
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#singularity-cli" class="md-nav__link">
+    Singularity CLI
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Singularity CLI">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#help" class="md-nav__link">
+     help
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#search" class="md-nav__link">
+     search
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pull" class="md-nav__link">
+     pull
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label=" pull">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#downloading-pre-built-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Downloading pre-built images
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-singularity-hub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Singularity Hub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-docker-hub" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Docker Hub
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#pulling-an-image-from-sylabs-cloud-library" class="md-nav__link">
+    Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#interact-with-images" class="md-nav__link">
+    Interact with images
+  </a>
+  
+    <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Interact with images">
+      <ul class="md-nav__list">
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#shell" class="md-nav__link">
+     shell
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#exec" class="md-nav__link">
+     exec
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#run" class="md-nav__link">
+     run
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#inspect" class="md-nav__link">
+     inspect
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+          <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#build" class="md-nav__link">
+     build
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+        
+      </ul>
+    </nav>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
+          
+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+
+  <a href="https://github.com/CyVerse-learning-materials/container-camp/edit/mkdocs/docs/singularity/intro.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
+    
+    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg>
+  </a>
+
+
+  <h1>Introduction to Singularity</h1>
+
+<p>In this section we're going to be working with <a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/index.html" target="_blank">Singularity Community Edition (CE)</a> </p>
+<details class="question">
+<summary>Wait, what is "Apptainer", and what is the difference between SingularityCE and Apptainer?</summary>
+<p>The Singularity project was split into multiple projects managed by different organizations since it was created in 2017.</p>
+<p>In a nutshell:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Greg Kurtzer founded the Singularity project while at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</li>
+<li>Kurtzer created <a href="https://sylabs.io/" target="_blank">Sylabs</a>, a private company, around Singularity </li>
+<li>Kurtzer left Sylabs to focus on <a href="https://ciq.co/" target="_blank">CIQ</a>, another private company, and moved Singularity to <a href="https://hpcng.org/" target="_blank">HPCng</a> (a Community Org)</li>
+<li><a href="https://sylabs.io/singularityce-community-update/" target="_blank">Sylabs forked Singularity</a> for control and professionially licensed support creating Singularity Community Edition"</li>
+<li>HPCng gave the official project to Linux Foundation and renamed it "<a href="https://apptainer.org/" target="_blank">Apptainer</a>"</li>
+<li>Apptainer is being <a href="https://ciq.co/apptainer/" target="_blank">marketed by CIQ</a></li>
+</ul>
+<p>At the present time, Apptainer and Singularity CE have highly similar syntax and will run Singularity <code>.sif</code> images interoperably</p>
+</details>
+<details class="info">
+<summary>Docker vs SingularityCE &amp; Apptainer</summary>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.41 22h-.19a.46.46 0 0 1-.26-.27l-2.22-5.8c-.09-.24.03-.51.26-.61.71-.26 1.28-.82 1.58-1.49.64-1.43 0-3.1-1.43-3.74-1.43-.64-3.1 0-3.74 1.41-.3.71-.32 1.5-.05 2.19.3.74.89 1.31 1.64 1.59.24.09.37.36.28.61L9 21.69c-.04.12-.13.22-.25.27-.12.04-.25.04-.36 0C3.24 19.97.67 14.18 2.66 9.03c1.99-5.15 7.78-7.72 12.93-5.73 2.47.96 4.46 2.85 5.54 5.27a9.905 9.905 0 0 1 .2 7.65c-1.01 2.66-3.1 4.78-5.75 5.78h-.17M12 3.59c-4.97-.13-9.1 3.8-9.23 8.77a9.007 9.007 0 0 0 5.55 8.54l1.89-4.9c-1.83-1-2.52-3.28-1.53-5.11a3.784 3.784 0 0 1 5.11-1.53 3.775 3.775 0 0 1 0 6.64l1.89 4.93a9.113 9.113 0 0 0 4.76-5c1.84-4.62-.4-9.85-5.02-11.7A9.107 9.107 0 0 0 12 3.59Z"/></svg></span> Apptainer and SingularityCE are 100% compatible with Docker but they do have some distinct differences</strong></p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21.81 10.25c-.06-.04-.56-.43-1.64-.43-.28 0-.56.03-.84.08-.21-1.4-1.38-2.11-1.43-2.14l-.29-.17-.18.27c-.24.36-.43.77-.51 1.19-.2.8-.08 1.56.33 2.21-.49.28-1.29.35-1.46.35H2.62c-.34 0-.62.28-.62.63 0 1.15.18 2.3.58 3.38.45 1.19 1.13 2.07 2 2.61.98.6 2.59.94 4.42.94.79 0 1.61-.07 2.42-.22 1.12-.2 2.2-.59 3.19-1.16A8.3 8.3 0 0 0 16.78 16c1.05-1.17 1.67-2.5 2.12-3.65h.19c1.14 0 1.85-.46 2.24-.85.26-.24.45-.53.59-.87l.08-.24-.19-.14m-17.96.99h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H3.85c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.43 0h1.76c.08 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.07-.16.16v1.58c.01.09.07.16.16.16m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.07.17-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.06.16.15.16m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V9.5c0-.08-.06-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16M6.28 9h1.76c.08 0 .16-.09.16-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.16-.16H6.28c-.09 0-.16.06-.16.16v1.57c.01.09.07.18.16.18m2.47 0h1.75c.1 0 .17-.09.17-.18V7.25c0-.09-.06-.16-.17-.16H8.75c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.06.18.15.18m2.44 0h1.77c.08 0 .15-.09.15-.18V7.25c0-.09-.07-.16-.15-.16h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.16v1.57c0 .09.07.18.15.18m0-2.28h1.77c.08 0 .15-.07.15-.16V5c0-.1-.07-.17-.15-.17h-1.77c-.08 0-.15.06-.15.17v1.56c0 .08.07.16.15.16m2.46 4.52h1.76c.09 0 .16-.07.16-.16V9.5c0-.08-.07-.16-.16-.16h-1.76c-.08 0-.15.07-.15.16v1.58c0 .09.07.16.15.16"/></svg></span> Docker</strong></p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> Docker containers run as <code>root</code></p>
+<ul>
+<li>This privilege is almost never supported by administrators of High Performance Computing (HPC) centers. Meaning Docker is not, and will likely never be, installed natively on your HPC cluster.</li>
+</ul>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> uses compressed layers to create one image</p>
+<p><strong><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.41 22h-.19a.46.46 0 0 1-.26-.27l-2.22-5.8c-.09-.24.03-.51.26-.61.71-.26 1.28-.82 1.58-1.49.64-1.43 0-3.1-1.43-3.74-1.43-.64-3.1 0-3.74 1.41-.3.71-.32 1.5-.05 2.19.3.74.89 1.31 1.64 1.59.24.09.37.36.28.61L9 21.69c-.04.12-.13.22-.25.27-.12.04-.25.04-.36 0C3.24 19.97.67 14.18 2.66 9.03c1.99-5.15 7.78-7.72 12.93-5.73 2.47.96 4.46 2.85 5.54 5.27a9.905 9.905 0 0 1 .2 7.65c-1.01 2.66-3.1 4.78-5.75 5.78h-.17M12 3.59c-4.97-.13-9.1 3.8-9.23 8.77a9.007 9.007 0 0 0 5.55 8.54l1.89-4.9c-1.83-1-2.52-3.28-1.53-5.11a3.784 3.784 0 0 1 5.11-1.53 3.775 3.775 0 0 1 0 6.64l1.89 4.93a9.113 9.113 0 0 0 4.76-5c1.84-4.62-.4-9.85-5.02-11.7A9.107 9.107 0 0 0 12 3.59Z"/></svg></span> SingularityCE &amp; Apptainer</strong>:</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span>  Same user and group identity inside as outside the container</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span>  User only has <code>root</code> privileges if elevated with <code>sudo</code> when the container is run</p>
+<p><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span>  Can run and modify any existing Docker image</p>
+<ul>
+<li>These key differences allow Singularity to be installed on most HPC centers. Because you can run virtually all Docker containers in Singularity, you can effectively run Docker on an HPC. </li>
+</ul>
+</details>
+<h2 id="singularityce-installation">SingularityCE Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#singularityce-installation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Sylabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) homepage: <a href="https://www.sylabs.io/docs/" target="_blank">https://www.sylabs.io/docs/</a></p>
+<p>Apptainer Linux Foundation homepage: <a href="https://apptainer.org/" target="_blank">https://apptainer.org/</a></p>
+<h3 id="conda">Conda<a class="headerlink" href="#conda" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><a href="https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/singularityce" target="_blank">SingularityCE</a> or <a href="https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/apptainer" target="_blank">Apptainer</a> can both be installed from Conda:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>conda install -c conda-forge singularityce
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>conda install -c conda-forge apptainer
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="install-locally">Install Locally<a class="headerlink" href="#install-locally" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>To Install Singularity follow the instructions for your specific OS: </p>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/blob/main/INSTALL.md" target="_blank"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 .297c-6.63 0-12 5.373-12 12 0 5.303 3.438 9.8 8.205 11.385.6.113.82-.258.82-.577 0-.285-.01-1.04-.015-2.04-3.338.724-4.042-1.61-4.042-1.61C4.422 18.07 3.633 17.7 3.633 17.7c-1.087-.744.084-.729.084-.729 1.205.084 1.838 1.236 1.838 1.236 1.07 1.835 2.809 1.305 3.495.998.108-.776.417-1.305.76-1.605-2.665-.3-5.466-1.332-5.466-5.93 0-1.31.465-2.38 1.235-3.22-.135-.303-.54-1.523.105-3.176 0 0 1.005-.322 3.3 1.23.96-.267 1.98-.399 3-.405 1.02.006 2.04.138 3 .405 2.28-1.552 3.285-1.23 3.285-1.23.645 1.653.24 2.873.12 3.176.765.84 1.23 1.91 1.23 3.22 0 4.61-2.805 5.625-5.475 5.92.42.36.81 1.096.81 2.22 0 1.606-.015 2.896-.015 3.286 0 .315.21.69.825.57C20.565 22.092 24 17.592 24 12.297c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12"/></svg></span> SingularityCE</a></p>
+<h3 id="module-loading-on-hpc">Module loading on HPC<a class="headerlink" href="#module-loading-on-hpc" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>If you are interested in working with SingularityCE on HPC, you may need to contact your systems administrator and request they install <a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#installation-request" target="_blank">SingularityCE</a>. Because SingularityCE ideally needs setuid, your admins may have some qualms about giving SingularityCE this privilege. If that is the case, you might consider forwarding <a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#Singularity-on-a-shared-resource" target="_blank">this letter</a> to your admins.</p>
+<p>Most HPC systems are running Environment Modules with the simple command <code>module</code>.</p>
+<p>You can check to see what is available:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>$ module avail singularity
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>If Singularity is listed as being installed, load a specific version, e.g.:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>$ module load singularity/3/3.9
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="install-in-codespaces">Install in CodeSpaces<a class="headerlink" href="#install-in-codespaces" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Let's use Conda (or optionally, Mamba)</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>conda install -c conda-forge singularityce
+<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a>mamba install -c conda-forge singularityce
+</code></pre></div>
+<h2 id="singularity-cli">Singularity CLI<a class="headerlink" href="#singularity-cli" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Singularity’s <a href="https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/cli.html" target="_blank">command line interface</a> allows you to build and interact with containers transparently. You can run programs inside a container as if they were running on your host system. You can easily redirect IO, use pipes, pass arguments, and access files, sockets, and ports on the host system from within a container.</p>
+<h3 id="help"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> help<a class="headerlink" href="#help" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>help</code> command gives an overview of Singularity options and
+subcommands as follows:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a> $ singularity help pull
+<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>Pull an image from a URI
+<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>Usage:
+<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>  singularity pull [pull options...] [output file] &lt;URI&gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a>Description:
+<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a>  The &#39;pull&#39; command allows you to download or build a container from a given
+<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a>  URI. Supported URIs include:
+<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a>  library: Pull an image from the currently configured library
+<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a>      library://user/collection/container[:tag]
+<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>  docker: Pull a Docker/OCI image from Docker Hub, or another OCI registry.
+<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>      docker://user/image:tag
+<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a>  shub: Pull an image from Singularity Hub
+<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a>      shub://user/image:tag
+<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a>  oras: Pull a SIF image from an OCI registry that supports ORAS.
+<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a>      oras://registry/namespace/image:tag
+<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a>  http, https: Pull an image using the http(s?) protocol
+<a id="__codelineno-5-24" name="__codelineno-5-24" href="#__codelineno-5-24"></a>      https://library.sylabs.io/v1/imagefile/library/default/alpine:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-5-25" name="__codelineno-5-25" href="#__codelineno-5-25"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-26" name="__codelineno-5-26" href="#__codelineno-5-26"></a>Options:
+<a id="__codelineno-5-27" name="__codelineno-5-27" href="#__codelineno-5-27"></a>      --arch string      architecture to pull from library (default &quot;amd64&quot;)
+<a id="__codelineno-5-28" name="__codelineno-5-28" href="#__codelineno-5-28"></a>      --dir string       download images to the specific directory
+<a id="__codelineno-5-29" name="__codelineno-5-29" href="#__codelineno-5-29"></a>      --disable-cache    dont use cached images/blobs and dont create them
+<a id="__codelineno-5-30" name="__codelineno-5-30" href="#__codelineno-5-30"></a>      --docker-login     login to a Docker Repository interactively
+<a id="__codelineno-5-31" name="__codelineno-5-31" href="#__codelineno-5-31"></a>  -F, --force            overwrite an image file if it exists
+<a id="__codelineno-5-32" name="__codelineno-5-32" href="#__codelineno-5-32"></a>  -h, --help             help for pull
+<a id="__codelineno-5-33" name="__codelineno-5-33" href="#__codelineno-5-33"></a>      --library string   download images from the provided library
+<a id="__codelineno-5-34" name="__codelineno-5-34" href="#__codelineno-5-34"></a>      --no-cleanup       do NOT clean up bundle after failed build, can be
+<a id="__codelineno-5-35" name="__codelineno-5-35" href="#__codelineno-5-35"></a>                         helpful for debugging
+<a id="__codelineno-5-36" name="__codelineno-5-36" href="#__codelineno-5-36"></a>      --no-https         use http instead of https for docker:// oras://
+<a id="__codelineno-5-37" name="__codelineno-5-37" href="#__codelineno-5-37"></a>                         and library://&lt;hostname&gt;/... URIs
+<a id="__codelineno-5-38" name="__codelineno-5-38" href="#__codelineno-5-38"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-39" name="__codelineno-5-39" href="#__codelineno-5-39"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-40" name="__codelineno-5-40" href="#__codelineno-5-40"></a>Examples:
+<a id="__codelineno-5-41" name="__codelineno-5-41" href="#__codelineno-5-41"></a>  From Sylabs cloud library
+<a id="__codelineno-5-42" name="__codelineno-5-42" href="#__codelineno-5-42"></a>  $ singularity pull alpine.sif library://alpine:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-5-43" name="__codelineno-5-43" href="#__codelineno-5-43"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-44" name="__codelineno-5-44" href="#__codelineno-5-44"></a>  From Docker
+<a id="__codelineno-5-45" name="__codelineno-5-45" href="#__codelineno-5-45"></a>  $ singularity pull tensorflow.sif docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest
+<a id="__codelineno-5-46" name="__codelineno-5-46" href="#__codelineno-5-46"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-47" name="__codelineno-5-47" href="#__codelineno-5-47"></a>  From Shub
+<a id="__codelineno-5-48" name="__codelineno-5-48" href="#__codelineno-5-48"></a>  $ singularity pull singularity-images.sif shub://vsoch/singularity-images
+<a id="__codelineno-5-49" name="__codelineno-5-49" href="#__codelineno-5-49"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-50" name="__codelineno-5-50" href="#__codelineno-5-50"></a>  From supporting OCI registry (e.g. Azure Container Registry)
+<a id="__codelineno-5-51" name="__codelineno-5-51" href="#__codelineno-5-51"></a>  $ singularity pull image.sif oras://&lt;username&gt;.azurecr.io/namespace/image:tag
+<a id="__codelineno-5-52" name="__codelineno-5-52" href="#__codelineno-5-52"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-53" name="__codelineno-5-53" href="#__codelineno-5-53"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-5-54" name="__codelineno-5-54" href="#__codelineno-5-54"></a>For additional help or support, please visit https://www.sylabs.io/docs/
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="search"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> search<a class="headerlink" href="#search" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Just like with Docker, you can <code>search</code> the Singularity container registries for images.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>singularity search tensorflow
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="pull"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> pull<a class="headerlink" href="#pull" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The easiest way to use a Singularity is to <code>pull</code> an existing container
+from one of the Registries.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>singularity pull library://lolcow
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>singularity pull docker://&lt;yourusername&gt;/cowsay
+</code></pre></div>
+<h4 id="downloading-pre-built-images">Downloading pre-built images<a class="headerlink" href="#downloading-pre-built-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>You can use the <code>pull</code> command to download pre-built images from a
+number of Container Registries, here we'll be focusing on the
+<a href="https://www.singularity-hub.org">Singularity-Hub</a> or
+<a href="https://hub.docker.com/">DockerHub</a>.</p>
+<p>Container Registries:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>library://</code> - images hosted on Sylabs Cloud</li>
+<li><code>docker://</code> - images hosted on Docker Hub</li>
+<li><code>localimage://</code> - images saved on your machine</li>
+<li><code>yum://</code> - yum based systems such as CentOS and Scientific Linux</li>
+<li><code>debootstrap://</code> - apt based systems such as Debian and Ubuntu</li>
+<li><code>arch://</code> - Arch Linux</li>
+<li><code>busybox://</code> - BusyBox</li>
+<li>
+<p><code>zypper://</code> - zypper based systems such as Suse and OpenSuse</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><code>shub://</code> - (archived) images hosted on Singularity Hub, no longer maintained</p>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="pulling-an-image-from-singularity-hub">Pulling an image from Singularity Hub<a class="headerlink" href="#pulling-an-image-from-singularity-hub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Similar to previous example, in this example I am pulling a base Ubuntu
+container from Singularity-Hub:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>$ singularity pull shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 31.86 MiB/s 2s
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You can rename the container using the --name flag:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>$ singularity pull --name ubuntu_test.simg shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a>88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 35.12 MiB/s 2s
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The above command will save the alpine image from the Container Library
+as <code>alpine.sif</code></p>
+<h3 id="pulling-an-image-from-docker-hub">Pulling an image from Docker Hub<a class="headerlink" href="#pulling-an-image-from-docker-hub" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>This example pulls an <code>ubuntu:16.04</code> image from DockerHub and saves it
+to the working directory.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>$ singularity pull docker://ubuntu:20.04
+<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>INFO:    Converting OCI blobs to SIF format
+<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a>INFO:    Starting build...
+<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>Getting image source signatures
+<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>Copying blob 8f6b7df711c8 done
+<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>Copying blob 0703c52b8763 done
+<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a>Copying blob 07304348ce1b done
+<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a>Copying blob 4795dceb8869 done
+<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a>Copying config 05ac933964 done
+<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a>Writing manifest to image destination
+<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a>Storing signatures
+<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a>2020/03/09 16:14:12  info unpack layer: sha256:8f6b7df711c8a4733138390ff2aba1bfeb755bf4736c39c6e4858076c40fb5eb
+<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a>2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:0703c52b8763604318dcbb1730c82ad276a487335ecabde2f43f69a6222e8090
+<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a>2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:07304348ce1b6d24f136a3c4ebaa800297b804937a6942ce9e9fe0dac0b0ca74
+<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a>2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:4795dceb8869bdfa64f3742e1df492e6f31baf9cfc36f1a042a8f981607e99a2
+<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a>INFO:    Creating SIF file...
+<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a>INFO:    Build complete: ubuntu_20.04.sif
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
+<p>Pulling Docker images reduces reproducibility. If you were to pull a
+Docker image today and then wait six months and pull again, you are not
+guaranteed to get the same image. If any of the source layers has
+changed the image will be altered. If reproducibility is a priority for
+you, try building your images from the Container Library.</p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="pulling-an-image-from-sylabs-cloud-library">Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library<a class="headerlink" href="#pulling-an-image-from-sylabs-cloud-library" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Let’s use an easy example of <code>alpine.sif</code> image from the <a href="https://cloud.sylabs.io/library/">container
+library</a></p>
+<div class="admonition tip">
+<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
+<p>You can use <code>singularity search &lt;name&gt;</code> command to locate groups,
+collections, and containers of interest on the Container Library</p>
+</div>
+<h2 id="interact-with-images">Interact with images<a class="headerlink" href="#interact-with-images" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>You can interact with images in several ways such as <code>shell</code>, <code>exec</code> and
+<code>run</code>.</p>
+<p>For these examples we will use a <code>cowsay_latest.sif</code> image that can be
+pulled from the Docker Hub.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>$ singularity pull docker://tswetnam/cowsay
+<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>INFO:    Downloading library image
+<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a> 67.00 MiB / 67.00 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.45 MiB/s 12s
+<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>WARNING: unable to verify container: cowsay_latest.sif
+<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>WARNING: Skipping container verification
+<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>
+<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a>$ sudo singularity run cowsay_latest.sif
+<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a> ________________________________________
+<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>/ Expect a letter from a friend who will \
+<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>\ ask a favor of you.                    /
+<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a> ----------------------------------------
+<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a>    \   ^__^
+<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a>     \  (oo)\_______
+<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a>        (__)\       )\/\
+<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a>        ||----w |
+<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>        ||     ||
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="shell"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> shell<a class="headerlink" href="#shell" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>shell</code> command allows you to spawn a new shell within your
+container and interact with it as though it were a small virtual
+machine.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>$ singularity shell cowsay_latest.sif
+<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>  Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~&gt;
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>The change in prompt indicates that you have entered the container
+(though you should not rely on that to determine whether you are in
+container or not).</p>
+<p>Once inside of a Singularity container, you are the same user as you are
+on the host system.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>$ Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~&gt; whoami
+<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>tswetnam
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
+<p><code>shell</code> also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs.
+This creates an ephemeral container that disappears when the shell is
+exited.</p>
+</div>
+<h3 id="exec"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> exec<a class="headerlink" href="#exec" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The exec command allows you to execute a custom command within a
+container by specifying the image file. For instance, to execute the
+<code>cowsay</code> program within the cowsay_latest.sif container:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a>$ singularity exec cowsay_latest.sif cowsay container camp rocks
+<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>______________________
+<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a>&lt; container camp rocks &gt;
+<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a> ----------------------
+<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>        \   ^__^
+<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a>         \  (oo)\_______
+<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a>            (__)\       )\/\
+<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a>                ||----w |
+<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>                ||     ||
+</code></pre></div>
+<p><code>exec</code> also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. </p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a>singularity exec library://lolcow container camp 2022
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>This  creates an ephemeral container that executes a command and disappears.</p>
+<h3 id="run"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> run<a class="headerlink" href="#run" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Singularity containers contain
+<a href="https://www.sylabs.io/guides/3.0/user-guide/definition_files.html#runscript">runscripts</a>.
+These are user defined scripts that define the actions a container
+should perform when someone runs it. The runscript can be triggered with
+the <code>run</code> command, or simply by calling the container as though it were
+an executable.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a>singularity run lolcow_latest.sif
+<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a> _________________________________________
+<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>/  You will remember, Watson, how the     \
+<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a>| dreadful business of the Abernetty      |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a>| family was first brought to my notice   |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a>| by the depth which the parsley had sunk |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a>| into the butter upon a hot day.         |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a>|                                         |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a>\ -- Sherlock Holmes                      /
+<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a> -----------------------------------------
+<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>        \   ^__^
+<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a>         \  (oo)\_______
+<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a>            (__)\       )\/\
+<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a>                ||----w |
+<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a>                ||     ||
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="inspect"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> inspect<a class="headerlink" href="#inspect" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>The <code>inspect</code> command will provide information about labels, metadata, and environmental variables.</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a>singularity inspect lolcow.sif
+</code></pre></div>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a>singularity inspect library://lolcow
+</code></pre></div>
+<h3 id="build"><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.152.682a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.269 0l.007.004 6.957 4.276a2.276 2.276 0 0 1 1.126 1.964v7.516c0 .81-.432 1.56-1.133 1.968l-.002.001-11.964 7.037-.004.003a2.276 2.276 0 0 1-2.284 0l-.026-.015-6.503-4.502a2.268 2.268 0 0 1-1.096-1.943V9.438c0-.392.1-.77.284-1.1l.003-.006.014-.026a2.28 2.28 0 0 1 .82-.827h.002L13.152.681zm.757 1.295h-.001L2.648 8.616l6.248 4.247a.776.776 0 0 0 .758-.01h.001l11.633-6.804-6.629-4.074a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.003zM18 9.709l-3.25 1.9v7.548L18 17.245V9.709zm1.5-.878v7.532l2.124-1.25a.777.777 0 0 0 .387-.671V7.363L19.5 8.831zm-9.09 5.316 2.84-1.66v7.552l-3.233 1.902v-7.612c.134-.047.265-.107.391-.18l.002-.002zm-1.893 7.754V14.33a2.277 2.277 0 0 1-.393-.18l-.023-.014-6.102-4.147v7.003c0 .275.145.528.379.664l.025.014 6.114 4.232z"/></svg></span> build<a class="headerlink" href="#build" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>See <a href="../advanced/">Next Section</a> for details of <code>build</code></p>
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+    <script id="__config" type="application/json">{"base": "../..", "features": ["navigation.instant", "navigation.tracking", "navigation.tabs", "navigation.tabs.sticky", "navigation.indexes", "navigation.top"], "search": "../../assets/javascripts/workers/search.16e2a7d4.min.js", "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "Copied to clipboard", "clipboard.copy": "Copy to clipboard", "search.config.lang": "en", "search.config.pipeline": "trimmer, stopWordFilter", "search.config.separator": "[\\s\\-]+", "search.placeholder": "Search", "search.result.more.one": "1 more on this page", "search.result.more.other": "# more on this page", "search.result.none": "No matching documents", "search.result.one": "1 matching document", "search.result.other": "# matching documents", "search.result.placeholder": "Type to start searching", "search.result.term.missing": "Missing", "select.version.title": "Select version"}}</script>
+    
+    
+      <script src="../../assets/javascripts/bundle.5a2dcb6a.min.js"></script>
+      
+        <script src="../../javascripts/intercom-learning.js"></script>
+      
+    
+    
+  </body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/singularity/intro/intro.md b/singularity/intro/intro.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7b82e5d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/singularity/intro/intro.md
@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+In this section we're going to be working with [Singularity Community Edition (CE)](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/index.html){target=_blank} 
+
+??? Question "Wait, what is "Apptainer", and what is the difference between SingularityCE and Apptainer?"
+
+    The Singularity project was split into multiple projects managed by different organizations since it was created in 2017.
+
+    In a nutshell:
+
+    - Greg Kurtzer founded the Singularity project while at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
+    - Kurtzer created [Sylabs](https://sylabs.io/){target=_blank}, a private company, around Singularity 
+    - Kurtzer left Sylabs to focus on [CIQ](https://ciq.co/){target=_blank}, another private company, and moved Singularity to [HPCng](https://hpcng.org/){target=_blank} (a Community Org)
+    - [Sylabs forked Singularity](https://sylabs.io/singularityce-community-update/){target=_blank} for control and professionially licensed support creating Singularity Community Edition"
+    - HPCng gave the official project to Linux Foundation and renamed it "[Apptainer](https://apptainer.org/){target=_blank}"
+    - Apptainer is being [marketed by CIQ](https://ciq.co/apptainer/){target=_blank}
+
+    At the present time, Apptainer and Singularity CE have highly similar syntax and will run Singularity `.sif` images interoperably
+
+??? info "Docker vs SingularityCE & Apptainer"
+
+    **:material-open-source-initiative: Apptainer and SingularityCE are 100% compatible with Docker but they do have some distinct differences**
+
+
+    **:material-docker: Docker**
+      
+    :octicons-container-24: Docker containers run as `root`
+
+      -  This privilege is almost never supported by administrators of High Performance Computing (HPC) centers. Meaning Docker is not, and will likely never be, installed natively on your HPC cluster.
+
+    :octicons-container-24: uses compressed layers to create one image
+
+    **:material-open-source-initiative: SingularityCE & Apptainer**:
+
+    :octicons-container-24:  Same user and group identity inside as outside the container
+    
+    :octicons-container-24:  User only has `root` privileges if elevated with `sudo` when the container is run
+    
+    :octicons-container-24:  Can run and modify any existing Docker image
+
+      - These key differences allow Singularity to be installed on most HPC centers. Because you can run virtually all Docker containers in Singularity, you can effectively run Docker on an HPC. 
+
+## SingularityCE Installation
+
+Sylabs Singularity Community Edition (CE) homepage: [https://www.sylabs.io/docs/](https://www.sylabs.io/docs/){target=_blank}
+
+Apptainer Linux Foundation homepage: [https://apptainer.org/](https://apptainer.org/){target=_blank}
+
+### Conda
+
+[SingularityCE](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/singularityce){target=_blank} or [Apptainer](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/apptainer){target=_blank} can both be installed from Conda:
+
+```
+conda install -c conda-forge singularityce
+```
+
+```
+conda install -c conda-forge apptainer
+```
+
+### Install Locally
+
+To Install Singularity follow the instructions for your specific OS: 
+
+[:simple-github: SingularityCE](https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/blob/main/INSTALL.md){target=_blank}
+
+### Module loading on HPC
+
+If you are interested in working with SingularityCE on HPC, you may need to contact your systems administrator and request they install [SingularityCE](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#installation-request){target=_blank}. Because SingularityCE ideally needs setuid, your admins may have some qualms about giving SingularityCE this privilege. If that is the case, you might consider forwarding [this letter](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/quick_start.html#Singularity-on-a-shared-resource){target=_blank} to your admins.
+
+Most HPC systems are running Environment Modules with the simple command `module`.
+
+You can check to see what is available:
+
+```
+$ module avail singularity
+```
+
+If Singularity is listed as being installed, load a specific version, e.g.:
+
+```
+$ module load singularity/3/3.9
+```
+
+### Install in CodeSpaces
+
+Let's use Conda (or optionally, Mamba)
+
+```
+conda install -c conda-forge singularityce
+
+mamba install -c conda-forge singularityce
+```
+
+
+## Singularity CLI
+
+Singularity’s [command line interface](https://sylabs.io/guides/3.9/user-guide/cli.html){target=_blank} allows you to build and interact with containers transparently. You can run programs inside a container as if they were running on your host system. You can easily redirect IO, use pipes, pass arguments, and access files, sockets, and ports on the host system from within a container.
+
+### :octicons-container-24: help
+
+The `help` command gives an overview of Singularity options and
+subcommands as follows:
+
+```
+ $ singularity help pull
+Pull an image from a URI
+
+Usage:
+  singularity pull [pull options...] [output file] <URI>
+
+Description:
+  The 'pull' command allows you to download or build a container from a given
+  URI. Supported URIs include:
+
+  library: Pull an image from the currently configured library
+      library://user/collection/container[:tag]
+
+  docker: Pull a Docker/OCI image from Docker Hub, or another OCI registry.
+      docker://user/image:tag
+    
+  shub: Pull an image from Singularity Hub
+      shub://user/image:tag
+
+  oras: Pull a SIF image from an OCI registry that supports ORAS.
+      oras://registry/namespace/image:tag
+
+  http, https: Pull an image using the http(s?) protocol
+      https://library.sylabs.io/v1/imagefile/library/default/alpine:latest
+
+Options:
+      --arch string      architecture to pull from library (default "amd64")
+      --dir string       download images to the specific directory
+      --disable-cache    dont use cached images/blobs and dont create them
+      --docker-login     login to a Docker Repository interactively
+  -F, --force            overwrite an image file if it exists
+  -h, --help             help for pull
+      --library string   download images from the provided library
+      --no-cleanup       do NOT clean up bundle after failed build, can be
+                         helpful for debugging
+      --no-https         use http instead of https for docker:// oras://
+                         and library://<hostname>/... URIs
+
+
+Examples:
+  From Sylabs cloud library
+  $ singularity pull alpine.sif library://alpine:latest
+
+  From Docker
+  $ singularity pull tensorflow.sif docker://tensorflow/tensorflow:latest
+
+  From Shub
+  $ singularity pull singularity-images.sif shub://vsoch/singularity-images
+
+  From supporting OCI registry (e.g. Azure Container Registry)
+  $ singularity pull image.sif oras://<username>.azurecr.io/namespace/image:tag
+
+
+For additional help or support, please visit https://www.sylabs.io/docs/
+```
+
+
+### :octicons-container-24: search
+
+Just like with Docker, you can `search` the Singularity container registries for images.
+
+```
+singularity search tensorflow
+```
+
+### :octicons-container-24: pull
+
+The easiest way to use a Singularity is to `pull` an existing container
+from one of the Registries.
+
+```
+singularity pull library://lolcow
+```
+
+```
+singularity pull docker://<yourusername>/cowsay
+```
+
+#### Downloading pre-built images
+
+You can use the `pull` command to download pre-built images from a
+number of Container Registries, here we'll be focusing on the
+[Singularity-Hub](https://www.singularity-hub.org) or
+[DockerHub](https://hub.docker.com/).
+
+Container Registries:
+
+-   `library://` - images hosted on Sylabs Cloud
+-   `docker://` - images hosted on Docker Hub
+-   `localimage://` - images saved on your machine
+-   `yum://` - yum based systems such as CentOS and Scientific Linux
+-   `debootstrap://` - apt based systems such as Debian and Ubuntu
+-   `arch://` - Arch Linux
+-   `busybox://` - BusyBox
+-   `zypper://` - zypper based systems such as Suse and OpenSuse
+
+-   `shub://` - (archived) images hosted on Singularity Hub, no longer maintained
+
+### Pulling an image from Singularity Hub
+
+Similar to previous example, in this example I am pulling a base Ubuntu
+container from Singularity-Hub:
+
+```
+$ singularity pull shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 31.86 MiB/s 2s
+```
+
+You can rename the container using the --name flag:
+
+```
+$ singularity pull --name ubuntu_test.simg shub://singularityhub/ubuntu
+WARNING: Authentication token file not found : Only pulls of public images will succeed
+88.58 MiB / 88.58 MiB [===============================================================================================] 100.00% 35.12 MiB/s 2s
+```
+
+The above command will save the alpine image from the Container Library
+as `alpine.sif`
+
+### Pulling an image from Docker Hub
+
+This example pulls an `ubuntu:16.04` image from DockerHub and saves it
+to the working directory.
+
+```
+$ singularity pull docker://ubuntu:20.04
+INFO:    Converting OCI blobs to SIF format
+INFO:    Starting build...
+Getting image source signatures
+Copying blob 8f6b7df711c8 done
+Copying blob 0703c52b8763 done
+Copying blob 07304348ce1b done
+Copying blob 4795dceb8869 done
+Copying config 05ac933964 done
+Writing manifest to image destination
+Storing signatures
+2020/03/09 16:14:12  info unpack layer: sha256:8f6b7df711c8a4733138390ff2aba1bfeb755bf4736c39c6e4858076c40fb5eb
+2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:0703c52b8763604318dcbb1730c82ad276a487335ecabde2f43f69a6222e8090
+2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:07304348ce1b6d24f136a3c4ebaa800297b804937a6942ce9e9fe0dac0b0ca74
+2020/03/09 16:14:13  info unpack layer: sha256:4795dceb8869bdfa64f3742e1df492e6f31baf9cfc36f1a042a8f981607e99a2
+INFO:    Creating SIF file...
+INFO:    Build complete: ubuntu_20.04.sif
+```
+
+!!! Warning
+
+    Pulling Docker images reduces reproducibility. If you were to pull a
+    Docker image today and then wait six months and pull again, you are not
+    guaranteed to get the same image. If any of the source layers has
+    changed the image will be altered. If reproducibility is a priority for
+    you, try building your images from the Container Library.
+
+### Pulling an image from Sylabs cloud library
+
+Let’s use an easy example of `alpine.sif` image from the [container
+library](https://cloud.sylabs.io/library/)
+
+!!! Tip
+    You can use `singularity search <name>` command to locate groups,
+    collections, and containers of interest on the Container Library
+
+## Interact with images
+
+You can interact with images in several ways such as `shell`, `exec` and
+`run`.
+
+For these examples we will use a `cowsay_latest.sif` image that can be
+pulled from the Docker Hub.
+
+```
+$ singularity pull docker://tswetnam/cowsay
+INFO:    Downloading library image
+ 67.00 MiB / 67.00 MiB [=====================================================================================================] 100.00% 5.45 MiB/s 12s
+WARNING: unable to verify container: cowsay_latest.sif
+WARNING: Skipping container verification
+
+$ sudo singularity run cowsay_latest.sif
+ ________________________________________
+/ Expect a letter from a friend who will \
+\ ask a favor of you.                    /
+ ----------------------------------------
+    \   ^__^
+     \  (oo)\_______
+        (__)\       )\/\
+        ||----w |
+        ||     ||
+```
+
+### :octicons-container-24: shell
+
+The `shell` command allows you to spawn a new shell within your
+container and interact with it as though it were a small virtual
+machine.
+
+```
+$ singularity shell cowsay_latest.sif
+  Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~>
+```
+
+The change in prompt indicates that you have entered the container
+(though you should not rely on that to determine whether you are in
+container or not).
+
+Once inside of a Singularity container, you are the same user as you are
+on the host system.
+
+```
+$ Singularity cowsay_latest.sif:~> whoami
+tswetnam
+```
+
+!!! Warning
+    `shell` also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs.
+    This creates an ephemeral container that disappears when the shell is
+    exited.
+
+
+### :octicons-container-24: exec
+
+The exec command allows you to execute a custom command within a
+container by specifying the image file. For instance, to execute the
+`cowsay` program within the cowsay\_latest.sif container:
+
+```
+$ singularity exec cowsay_latest.sif cowsay container camp rocks
+______________________
+< container camp rocks >
+ ----------------------
+        \   ^__^
+         \  (oo)\_______
+            (__)\       )\/\
+                ||----w |
+                ||     ||
+```
+
+`exec` also works with the library://, docker://, and shub:// URIs. 
+
+```
+singularity exec library://lolcow container camp 2022
+```
+
+This  creates an ephemeral container that executes a command and disappears.
+
+### :octicons-container-24: run
+
+Singularity containers contain
+[runscripts](https://www.sylabs.io/guides/3.0/user-guide/definition_files.html#runscript).
+These are user defined scripts that define the actions a container
+should perform when someone runs it. The runscript can be triggered with
+the `run` command, or simply by calling the container as though it were
+an executable.
+
+```
+singularity run lolcow_latest.sif
+ _________________________________________
+/  You will remember, Watson, how the     \
+| dreadful business of the Abernetty      |
+| family was first brought to my notice   |
+| by the depth which the parsley had sunk |
+| into the butter upon a hot day.         |
+|                                         |
+\ -- Sherlock Holmes                      /
+ -----------------------------------------
+        \   ^__^
+         \  (oo)\_______
+            (__)\       )\/\
+                ||----w |
+                ||     ||
+```
+
+### :octicons-container-24: inspect
+
+The `inspect` command will provide information about labels, metadata, and environmental variables.
+
+```
+singularity inspect lolcow.sif
+```
+
+```
+singularity inspect library://lolcow
+```
+
+### :octicons-container-24: build
+
+See [Next Section](../singularity/advanced.md) for details of `build`
diff --git a/sitemap.xml b/sitemap.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e39782da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sitemap.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/aws/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/azure/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/codespaces/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/gcp/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/js2/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/cloud/openstack/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/actions/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/advanced/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/build/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/compose/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/intro/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/docker/registry/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/getting_started/code_conduct/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/getting_started/logistics/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/getting_started/schedule/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/getting_started/schedule_basics/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/getting_started/setup/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/advk8s/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/advterra/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/cacao/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/cacao_terra/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/k8s/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/registry/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/orchestration/terra/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/chatgpt/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/docker/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/k8s/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/post/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/singularity/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/resources/vscode/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/advanced/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/hpc/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+    <url>
+         <loc>https://container-camp.cyverse.org/singularity/intro/</loc>
+         <lastmod>2023-07-28</lastmod>
+         <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
+    </url>
+</urlset>
\ No newline at end of file
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[data-md-color-scheme="agic"] {
+    --md-primary-fg-color:        #EE0F0F;
+    --md-primary-fg-color--light: #ECB7B7;
+    --md-primary-fg-color--dark:  #90030C;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
