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pix5.c
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pix5.c
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/*====================================================================*
- Copyright (C) 2001 Leptonica. All rights reserved.
-
- Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- are met:
- 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
- copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
- disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
- provided with the distribution.
-
- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY
- CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
- EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
- PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
- PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
- OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
- NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
- SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*====================================================================*/
/*!
* \file pix5.c
* <pre>
*
* This file has these operations:
*
* (1) Measurement of 1 bpp image properties
* (2) Extract rectangular regions
* (3) Clip to foreground
* (4) Extract pixel averages, reversals and variance along lines
* (5) Rank row and column transforms
*
* Measurement of properties
* l_int32 pixaFindDimensions()
* l_int32 pixFindAreaPerimRatio()
* NUMA *pixaFindPerimToAreaRatio()
* l_int32 pixFindPerimToAreaRatio()
* NUMA *pixaFindPerimSizeRatio()
* l_int32 pixFindPerimSizeRatio()
* NUMA *pixaFindAreaFraction()
* l_int32 pixFindAreaFraction()
* NUMA *pixaFindAreaFractionMasked()
* l_int32 pixFindAreaFractionMasked()
* NUMA *pixaFindWidthHeightRatio()
* NUMA *pixaFindWidthHeightProduct()
* l_int32 pixFindOverlapFraction()
* BOXA *pixFindRectangleComps()
* l_int32 pixConformsToRectangle()
*
* Extract rectangular region
* PIXA *pixClipRectangles()
* PIX *pixClipRectangle()
* PIX *pixClipRectangleWithBorder()
* PIX *pixClipMasked()
* l_int32 pixCropToMatch()
* PIX *pixCropToSize()
* PIX *pixResizeToMatch()
*
* Select a connected component by size
* PIX *pixSelectComponentBySize()
* PIX *pixFilterComponentBySize()
*
* Make special masks
* PIX *pixMakeSymmetricMask()
* PIX *pixMakeFrameMask()
*
* Generate a covering of rectangles over connected components
* PIX * pixMakeCoveringOfRectangles()
*
* Fraction of Fg pixels under a mask
* l_int32 pixFractionFgInMask()
*
* Clip to foreground
* PIX *pixClipToForeground()
* l_int32 pixTestClipToForeground()
* l_int32 pixClipBoxToForeground()
* l_int32 pixScanForForeground()
* l_int32 pixClipBoxToEdges()
* l_int32 pixScanForEdge()
*
* Extract pixel averages and reversals along lines
* NUMA *pixExtractOnLine()
* l_float32 pixAverageOnLine()
* NUMA *pixAverageIntensityProfile()
* NUMA *pixReversalProfile()
*
* Extract windowed variance along a line
* NUMA *pixWindowedVarianceOnLine()
*
* Extract min/max of pixel values near lines
* l_int32 pixMinMaxNearLine()
*
* Rank row and column transforms
* PIX *pixRankRowTransform()
* PIX *pixRankColumnTransform()
* </pre>
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config_auto.h>
#endif /* HAVE_CONFIG_H */
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "allheaders.h"
static const l_uint32 rmask32[] = {0x0,
0x00000001, 0x00000003, 0x00000007, 0x0000000f,
0x0000001f, 0x0000003f, 0x0000007f, 0x000000ff,
0x000001ff, 0x000003ff, 0x000007ff, 0x00000fff,
0x00001fff, 0x00003fff, 0x00007fff, 0x0000ffff,
0x0001ffff, 0x0003ffff, 0x0007ffff, 0x000fffff,
0x001fffff, 0x003fffff, 0x007fffff, 0x00ffffff,
0x01ffffff, 0x03ffffff, 0x07ffffff, 0x0fffffff,
0x1fffffff, 0x3fffffff, 0x7fffffff, 0xffffffff};
#ifndef NO_CONSOLE_IO
#define DEBUG_EDGES 0
#endif /* ~NO_CONSOLE_IO */
/*-------------------------------------------------------------*
* Measurement of properties *
*-------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*!
* \brief pixaFindDimensions()
*
* \param[in] pixa
* \param[out] pnaw [optional] numa of pix widths
* \param[out] pnah [optional] numa of pix heights
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*/
l_ok
pixaFindDimensions(PIXA *pixa,
NUMA **pnaw,
NUMA **pnah)
{
l_int32 i, n, w, h;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindDimensions");
if (pnaw) *pnaw = NULL;
if (pnah) *pnah = NULL;
if (!pnaw && !pnah)
return ERROR_INT("no output requested", procName, 1);
if (!pixa)
return ERROR_INT("pixa not defined", procName, 1);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
if (pnaw) *pnaw = numaCreate(n);
if (pnah) *pnah = numaCreate(n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixGetDimensions(pixt, &w, &h, NULL);
if (pnaw)
numaAddNumber(*pnaw, w);
if (pnah)
numaAddNumber(*pnah, h);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindAreaPerimRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be NULL
* \param[out] pfract area/perimeter ratio
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) The area is the number of fg pixels that are not on the
* boundary (i.e., are not 8-connected to a bg pixel), and the
* perimeter is the number of fg boundary pixels. Returns
* 0.0 if there are no fg pixels.
* (2) This function is retained because clients are using it.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindAreaPerimRatio(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pfract)
{
l_int32 *tab8;
l_int32 nfg, nbound;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixFindAreaPerimRatio");
if (!pfract)
return ERROR_INT("&fract not defined", procName, 1);
*pfract = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
pixt = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixs, 3, 3);
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nfg, tab8);
if (nfg == 0) {
pixDestroy(&pixt);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
pixXor(pixt, pixt, pixs);
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nbound, tab8);
*pfract = (l_float32)nfg / (l_float32)nbound;
pixDestroy(&pixt);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindPerimToAreaRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \return na of perimeter/arear ratio for each pix, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindPerimToAreaRatio(PIXA *pixa)
{
l_int32 i, n;
l_int32 *tab;
l_float32 fract;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindPerimToAreaRatio");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixFindPerimToAreaRatio(pixt, tab, &fract);
numaAddNumber(na, fract);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
LEPT_FREE(tab);
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindPerimToAreaRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be NULL
* \param[out] pfract perimeter/area ratio
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) The perimeter is the number of fg boundary pixels, and the
* area is the number of fg pixels. This returns 0.0 if
* there are no fg pixels.
* (2) Unlike pixFindAreaPerimRatio(), this uses the full set of
* fg pixels for the area, and the ratio is taken in the opposite
* order.
* (3) This is typically used for a single connected component.
* This always has a value <= 1.0, and if the average distance
* of a fg pixel from the nearest bg pixel is d, this has
* a value ~1/d.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindPerimToAreaRatio(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pfract)
{
l_int32 *tab8;
l_int32 nfg, nbound;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixFindPerimToAreaRatio");
if (!pfract)
return ERROR_INT("&fract not defined", procName, 1);
*pfract = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
pixCountPixels(pixs, &nfg, tab8);
if (nfg == 0) {
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
pixt = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixs, 3, 3);
pixXor(pixt, pixt, pixs);
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nbound, tab8);
*pfract = (l_float32)nbound / (l_float32)nfg;
pixDestroy(&pixt);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindPerimSizeRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \return na of fg perimeter/(2*(w+h)) ratio for each pix,
* or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components.
* (2) This has a minimum value for a circle of pi/4; a value for
* a rectangle component of approx. 1.0; and a value much larger
* than 1.0 for a component with a highly irregular boundary.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindPerimSizeRatio(PIXA *pixa)
{
l_int32 i, n;
l_int32 *tab;
l_float32 ratio;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindPerimSizeRatio");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixFindPerimSizeRatio(pixt, tab, &ratio);
numaAddNumber(na, ratio);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
LEPT_FREE(tab);
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindPerimSizeRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be NULL
* \param[out] pratio perimeter/size ratio
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) We take the 'size' as twice the sum of the width and
* height of pixs, and the perimeter is the number of fg
* boundary pixels. We use the fg pixels of the boundary
* because the pix may be clipped to the boundary, so an
* erosion is required to count all boundary pixels.
* (2) This has a large value for dendritic, fractal-like components
* with highly irregular boundaries.
* (3) This is typically used for a single connected component.
* It has a value of about 1.0 for rectangular components with
* relatively smooth boundaries.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindPerimSizeRatio(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pratio)
{
l_int32 *tab8;
l_int32 w, h, nbound;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixFindPerimSizeRatio");
if (!pratio)
return ERROR_INT("&ratio not defined", procName, 1);
*pratio = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
pixt = pixErodeBrick(NULL, pixs, 3, 3);
pixXor(pixt, pixt, pixs);
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nbound, tab8);
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
*pratio = (0.5 * nbound) / (l_float32)(w + h);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindAreaFraction()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \return na of area fractions for each pix, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindAreaFraction(PIXA *pixa)
{
l_int32 i, n;
l_int32 *tab;
l_float32 fract;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindAreaFraction");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixFindAreaFraction(pixt, tab, &fract);
numaAddNumber(na, fract);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
LEPT_FREE(tab);
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindAreaFraction()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be NULL
* \param[out] pfract fg area/size ratio
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This finds the ratio of the number of fg pixels to the
* size of the pix (w * h). It is typically used for a
* single connected component.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindAreaFraction(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pfract)
{
l_int32 w, h, sum;
l_int32 *tab8;
PROCNAME("pixFindAreaFraction");
if (!pfract)
return ERROR_INT("&fract not defined", procName, 1);
*pfract = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
pixCountPixels(pixs, &sum, tab8);
*pfract = (l_float32)sum / (l_float32)(w * h);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindAreaFractionMasked()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \param[in] pixm mask image
* \param[in] debug 1 for output, 0 to suppress
* \return na of ratio masked/total fractions for each pix,
* or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components, which has an associated
* boxa giving the location of the components relative
* to the mask origin.
* (2) The debug flag displays in green and red the masked and
* unmasked parts of the image from which pixa was derived.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindAreaFractionMasked(PIXA *pixa,
PIX *pixm,
l_int32 debug)
{
l_int32 i, n, full;
l_int32 *tab;
l_float32 fract;
BOX *box;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pix;
PROCNAME("pixaFindAreaFractionMasked");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!pixm || pixGetDepth(pixm) != 1)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixm undefined or not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
tab = makePixelSumTab8();
pixaIsFull(pixa, NULL, &full); /* check boxa */
box = NULL;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pix = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
if (full)
box = pixaGetBox(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixFindAreaFractionMasked(pix, box, pixm, tab, &fract);
numaAddNumber(na, fract);
boxDestroy(&box);
pixDestroy(&pix);
}
LEPT_FREE(tab);
if (debug) {
l_int32 w, h;
PIX *pix1, *pix2;
pixGetDimensions(pixm, &w, &h, NULL);
pix1 = pixaDisplay(pixa, w, h); /* recover original image */
pix2 = pixCreate(w, h, 8); /* make an 8 bpp white image ... */
pixSetColormap(pix2, pixcmapCreate(8)); /* that's cmapped ... */
pixSetBlackOrWhite(pix2, L_SET_WHITE); /* and init to white */
pixSetMaskedCmap(pix2, pix1, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0); /* color all fg red */
pixRasterop(pix1, 0, 0, w, h, PIX_MASK, pixm, 0, 0);
pixSetMaskedCmap(pix2, pix1, 0, 0, 0, 255, 0); /* turn masked green */
pixDisplay(pix2, 100, 100);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
}
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindAreaFractionMasked()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp, typically a single component
* \param[in] box [optional] for pixs relative to pixm
* \param[in] pixm 1 bpp mask, typically over the entire image from
* which the component pixs was extracted
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be NULL
* \param[out] pfract fg area/size ratio
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This finds the ratio of the number of masked fg pixels
* in pixs to the total number of fg pixels in pixs.
* It is typically used for a single connected component.
* If there are no fg pixels, this returns a ratio of 0.0.
* (2) The box gives the location of the pix relative to that
* of the UL corner of the mask. Therefore, the rasterop
* is performed with the pix translated to its location
* (x, y) in the mask before ANDing.
* If box == NULL, the UL corners of pixs and pixm are aligned.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindAreaFractionMasked(PIX *pixs,
BOX *box,
PIX *pixm,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pfract)
{
l_int32 x, y, w, h, sum, masksum;
l_int32 *tab8;
PIX *pix1;
PROCNAME("pixFindAreaFractionMasked");
if (!pfract)
return ERROR_INT("&fract not defined", procName, 1);
*pfract = 0.0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!pixm || pixGetDepth(pixm) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixm not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
x = y = 0;
if (box)
boxGetGeometry(box, &x, &y, NULL, NULL);
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
pix1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
pixRasterop(pix1, 0, 0, w, h, PIX_MASK, pixm, x, y);
pixCountPixels(pixs, &sum, tab8);
if (sum == 0) {
pixDestroy(&pix1);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
return 0;
}
pixCountPixels(pix1, &masksum, tab8);
*pfract = (l_float32)masksum / (l_float32)sum;
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindWidthHeightRatio()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \return na of width/height ratios for each pix, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindWidthHeightRatio(PIXA *pixa)
{
l_int32 i, n, w, h;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindWidthHeightRatio");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixGetDimensions(pixt, &w, &h, NULL);
numaAddNumber(na, (l_float32)w / (l_float32)h);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixaFindWidthHeightProduct()
*
* \param[in] pixa of 1 bpp pix
* \return na of width*height products for each pix, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This is typically used for a pixa consisting of
* 1 bpp connected components.
* </pre>
*/
NUMA *
pixaFindWidthHeightProduct(PIXA *pixa)
{
l_int32 i, n, w, h;
NUMA *na;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixaFindWidthHeightProduct");
if (!pixa)
return (NUMA *)ERROR_PTR("pixa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
na = numaCreate(n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pixt = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixGetDimensions(pixt, &w, &h, NULL);
numaAddNumber(na, w * h);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
}
return na;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindOverlapFraction()
*
* \param[in] pixs1, pixs2 1 bpp
* \param[in] x2, y2 location in pixs1 of UL corner of pixs2
* \param[in] tab [optional] pixel sum table, can be null
* \param[out] pratio ratio fg intersection to fg union
* \param[out] pnoverlap [optional] number of overlapping pixels
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) The UL corner of pixs2 is placed at (x2, y2) in pixs1.
* (2) This measure is similar to the correlation.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixFindOverlapFraction(PIX *pixs1,
PIX *pixs2,
l_int32 x2,
l_int32 y2,
l_int32 *tab,
l_float32 *pratio,
l_int32 *pnoverlap)
{
l_int32 *tab8;
l_int32 w, h, nintersect, nunion;
PIX *pixt;
PROCNAME("pixFindOverlapFraction");
if (pnoverlap) *pnoverlap = 0;
if (!pratio)
return ERROR_INT("&ratio not defined", procName, 1);
*pratio = 0.0;
if (!pixs1 || pixGetDepth(pixs1) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs1 not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!pixs2 || pixGetDepth(pixs2) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs2 not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (!tab)
tab8 = makePixelSumTab8();
else
tab8 = tab;
pixGetDimensions(pixs2, &w, &h, NULL);
pixt = pixCopy(NULL, pixs1);
pixRasterop(pixt, x2, y2, w, h, PIX_MASK, pixs2, 0, 0); /* AND */
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nintersect, tab8);
if (pnoverlap)
*pnoverlap = nintersect;
pixCopy(pixt, pixs1);
pixRasterop(pixt, x2, y2, w, h, PIX_PAINT, pixs2, 0, 0); /* OR */
pixCountPixels(pixt, &nunion, tab8);
if (!tab) LEPT_FREE(tab8);
pixDestroy(&pixt);
if (nunion > 0)
*pratio = (l_float32)nintersect / (l_float32)nunion;
return 0;
}
/*!
* \brief pixFindRectangleComps()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] dist max distance allowed between bounding box
* and nearest foreground pixel within it
* \param[in] minw, minh minimum size in each direction as a requirement
* for a conforming rectangle
* \return boxa of components that conform, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) This applies the function pixConformsToRectangle() to
* each 8-c.c. in pixs, and returns a boxa containing the
* regions of all components that are conforming.
* (2) Conforming components must satisfy both the size constraint
* given by %minsize and the slop in conforming to a rectangle
* determined by %dist.
* </pre>
*/
BOXA *
pixFindRectangleComps(PIX *pixs,
l_int32 dist,
l_int32 minw,
l_int32 minh)
{
l_int32 w, h, i, n, conforms;
BOX *box;
BOXA *boxa, *boxad;
PIX *pix;
PIXA *pixa;
PROCNAME("pixFindRectangleComps");
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return (BOXA *)ERROR_PTR("pixs undefined or not 1 bpp", procName, NULL);
if (dist < 0)
return (BOXA *)ERROR_PTR("dist must be >= 0", procName, NULL);
if (minw <= 2 * dist && minh <= 2 * dist)
return (BOXA *)ERROR_PTR("invalid parameters", procName, NULL);
boxa = pixConnComp(pixs, &pixa, 8);
boxad = boxaCreate(0);
n = pixaGetCount(pixa);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
pix = pixaGetPix(pixa, i, L_CLONE);
pixGetDimensions(pix, &w, &h, NULL);
if (w < minw || h < minh) {
pixDestroy(&pix);
continue;
}
pixConformsToRectangle(pix, NULL, dist, &conforms);
if (conforms) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxa, i, L_COPY);
boxaAddBox(boxad, box, L_INSERT);
}
pixDestroy(&pix);
}
boxaDestroy(&boxa);
pixaDestroy(&pixa);
return boxad;
}
/*!
* \brief pixConformsToRectangle()
*
* \param[in] pixs 1 bpp
* \param[in] box [optional] if null, use the entire pixs
* \param[in] dist max distance allowed between bounding box and
* nearest foreground pixel within it
* \param[out] pconforms 0 (false) if not conforming;
* 1 (true) if conforming
* \return 0 if OK, 1 on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) There are several ways to test if a connected component has
* an essentially rectangular boundary, such as:
* a. Fraction of fill into the bounding box
* b. Max-min distance of fg pixel from periphery of bounding box
* c. Max depth of bg intrusions into component within bounding box
* The weakness of (a) is that it is highly sensitive to holes
* within the c.c. The weakness of (b) is that it can have
* arbitrarily large intrusions into the c.c. Method (c) tests
* the integrity of the outer boundary of the c.c., with respect
* to the enclosing bounding box, so we use it.
* (2) This tests if the connected component within the box conforms
* to the box at all points on the periphery within %dist.
* Inside, at a distance from the box boundary that is greater
* than %dist, we don't care about the pixels in the c.c.
* (3) We can think of the conforming condition as follows:
* No pixel inside a distance %dist from the boundary
* can connect to the boundary through a path through the bg.
* To implement this, we need to do a flood fill. We can go
* either from inside toward the boundary, or the other direction.
* It's easiest to fill from the boundary, and then verify that
* there are no filled pixels farther than %dist from the boundary.
* </pre>
*/
l_ok
pixConformsToRectangle(PIX *pixs,
BOX *box,
l_int32 dist,
l_int32 *pconforms)
{
l_int32 w, h, empty;
PIX *pix1, *pix2;
PROCNAME("pixConformsToRectangle");
if (!pconforms)
return ERROR_INT("&conforms not defined", procName, 1);
*pconforms = 0;
if (!pixs || pixGetDepth(pixs) != 1)
return ERROR_INT("pixs not defined or not 1 bpp", procName, 1);
if (dist < 0)
return ERROR_INT("dist must be >= 0", procName, 1);
pixGetDimensions(pixs, &w, &h, NULL);
if (w <= 2 * dist || h <= 2 * dist) {
L_WARNING("automatic conformation: distance too large\n", procName);
*pconforms = 1;
return 0;
}
/* Extract the region, if necessary */
if (box)
pix1 = pixClipRectangle(pixs, box, NULL);
else
pix1 = pixCopy(NULL, pixs);
/* Invert and fill from the boundary into the interior.
* Because we're considering the connected component in an
* 8-connected sense, we do the background filling as 4 c.c. */
pixInvert(pix1, pix1);
pix2 = pixExtractBorderConnComps(pix1, 4);
/* Mask out all pixels within a distance %dist from the box
* boundary. Any remaining pixels are from filling that goes
* more than %dist from the boundary. If no pixels remain,
* the component conforms to the bounding rectangle within
* a distance %dist. */
pixSetOrClearBorder(pix2, dist, dist, dist, dist, PIX_CLR);
pixZero(pix2, &empty);
pixDestroy(&pix1);
pixDestroy(&pix2);
*pconforms = (empty) ? 1 : 0;
return 0;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* Extract rectangular region *
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*!
* \brief pixClipRectangles()
*
* \param[in] pixs
* \param[in] boxa requested clipping regions
* \return pixa consisting of requested regions, or NULL on error
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
* (1) The returned pixa includes the actual regions clipped out from
* the input pixs.
* </pre>
*/
PIXA *
pixClipRectangles(PIX *pixs,
BOXA *boxa)
{
l_int32 i, n;
BOX *box, *boxc;
PIX *pix;
PIXA *pixa;
PROCNAME("pixClipRectangles");
if (!pixs)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("pixs not defined", procName, NULL);
if (!boxa)
return (PIXA *)ERROR_PTR("boxa not defined", procName, NULL);
n = boxaGetCount(boxa);
pixa = pixaCreate(n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
box = boxaGetBox(boxa, i, L_CLONE);
pix = pixClipRectangle(pixs, box, &boxc);
pixaAddPix(pixa, pix, L_INSERT);
pixaAddBox(pixa, boxc, L_INSERT);
boxDestroy(&box);
}
return pixa;
}
/*!
* \brief pixClipRectangle()
*
* \param[in] pixs
* \param[in] box requested clipping region; const
* \param[out] pboxc [optional] actual box of clipped region
* \return clipped pix, or NULL on error or if rectangle
* doesn't intersect pixs
*
* <pre>
* Notes:
*