compute_bleu.py

# Copyright 2018 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""Script to compute official BLEU score.

Source:
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensor2tensor/blob/master/tensor2tensor/utils/bleu_hook.py
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import re
import sys
import unicodedata

# pylint: disable=g-bad-import-order
import six
from absl import app as absl_app
from absl import flags
import tensorflow as tf
# pylint: enable=g-bad-import-order

from official.transformer.utils import metrics
from official.transformer.utils import tokenizer
from official.utils.flags import core as flags_core


class UnicodeRegex(object):
  """Ad-hoc hack to recognize all punctuation and symbols."""

  def __init__(self):
    punctuation = self.property_chars("P")
    self.nondigit_punct_re = re.compile(r"([^\d])([" + punctuation + r"])")
    self.punct_nondigit_re = re.compile(r"([" + punctuation + r"])([^\d])")
    self.symbol_re = re.compile("([" + self.property_chars("S") + "])")

  def property_chars(self, prefix):
    return "".join(six.unichr(x) for x in range(sys.maxunicode)
                   if unicodedata.category(six.unichr(x)).startswith(prefix))


uregex = UnicodeRegex()


def bleu_tokenize(string):
  r"""Tokenize a string following the official BLEU implementation.

  See https://github.com/moses-smt/mosesdecoder/'
           'blob/master/scripts/generic/mteval-v14.pl#L954-L983
  In our case, the input string is expected to be just one line
  and no HTML entities de-escaping is needed.
  So we just tokenize on punctuation and symbols,
  except when a punctuation is preceded and followed by a digit
  (e.g. a comma/dot as a thousand/decimal separator).

  Note that a numer (e.g. a year) followed by a dot at the end of sentence
  is NOT tokenized,
  i.e. the dot stays with the number because `s/(\p{P})(\P{N})/ $1 $2/g`
  does not match this case (unless we add a space after each sentence).
  However, this error is already in the original mteval-v14.pl
  and we want to be consistent with it.

  Args:
    string: the input string

  Returns:
    a list of tokens
  """
  string = uregex.nondigit_punct_re.sub(r"\1 \2 ", string)
  string = uregex.punct_nondigit_re.sub(r" \1 \2", string)
  string = uregex.symbol_re.sub(r" \1 ", string)
  return string.split()


def bleu_wrapper(ref_filename, hyp_filename, case_sensitive=False):
  """Compute BLEU for two files (reference and hypothesis translation)."""
  ref_lines = tokenizer.native_to_unicode(
      tf.io.gfile.GFile(ref_filename).read()).strip().splitlines()
  hyp_lines = tokenizer.native_to_unicode(
      tf.io.gfile.GFile(hyp_filename).read()).strip().splitlines()

  if len(ref_lines) != len(hyp_lines):
    raise ValueError("Reference and translation files have different number of "
                     "lines. If training only a few steps (100-200), the "
                     "translation may be empty.")
  if not case_sensitive:
    ref_lines = [x.lower() for x in ref_lines]
    hyp_lines = [x.lower() for x in hyp_lines]
  ref_tokens = [bleu_tokenize(x) for x in ref_lines]
  hyp_tokens = [bleu_tokenize(x) for x in hyp_lines]
  return metrics.compute_bleu(ref_tokens, hyp_tokens) * 100


def main(unused_argv):
  if FLAGS.bleu_variant in ("both", "uncased"):
    score = bleu_wrapper(FLAGS.reference, FLAGS.translation, False)
    tf.logging.info("Case-insensitive results: %f" % score)

  if FLAGS.bleu_variant in ("both", "cased"):
    score = bleu_wrapper(FLAGS.reference, FLAGS.translation, True)
    tf.logging.info("Case-sensitive results: %f" % score)


def define_compute_bleu_flags():
  """Add flags for computing BLEU score."""
  flags.DEFINE_string(
      name="translation", default=None,
      help=flags_core.help_wrap("File containing translated text."))
  flags.mark_flag_as_required("translation")

  flags.DEFINE_string(
      name="reference", default=None,
      help=flags_core.help_wrap("File containing reference translation."))
  flags.mark_flag_as_required("reference")

  flags.DEFINE_enum(
      name="bleu_variant", short_name="bv", default="both",
      enum_values=["both", "uncased", "cased"], case_sensitive=False,
      help=flags_core.help_wrap(
          "Specify one or more BLEU variants to calculate. Variants: \"cased\""
          ", \"uncased\", or \"both\"."))


if __name__ == "__main__":
  tf.logging.set_verbosity(tf.logging.INFO)
  define_compute_bleu_flags()
  FLAGS = flags.FLAGS
  absl_app.run(main)