-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 1
/
bst.html
536 lines (508 loc) · 21.4 KB
/
bst.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="that js dude" content="">
<title>JS: Binary Search Tree</title>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="images/favicon.jpg">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/bootstrap.min.css" >
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/zenburn.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/site.css">
<!-- Just for debugging purposes. Don't actually copy this line! -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="docs-assets/js/ie8-responsive-file-warning.js"></script><![endif]-->
<!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/html5shiv/3.7.0/html5shiv.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/respond.js/1.3.0/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<!-- Main jumbotron for a primary marketing message or call to action -->
<div class="jumbotron">
<div class="container">
<h1>JS: Binary Search Tree</h1>
<h4>Binary Search Tree relatd interview questions for expert JavaScript developers</h4>
<h2>part-6: expert</h2>
<p>June 29, 2014</p>
<!-- <div id="fb-root"></div><div class="fb-like" data-href="http://www.thatjsdude.com/interview/dom.html" data-layout="button_count" data-action="like" data-show-faces="false" data-share="false"></div><div class="g-plusone"></div> -->
</div>
</div>
<div class="container container-fluid">
<!-- Example row of columns -->
<div class="row center">
<!-- <iframe width="853" height="480" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Rx_JFOSxgpY" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> -->
</div>
<!-- <p class="gray">if you are little more comfortable or claim to be comfortable with javascript, these questions would not be enough for you. more coming</p>
<p class="gray"> <span class="purpleBold">More Questions</span> <a href="css.html">css interview questions</a>, <a href="html.html">html interview questions</a> </p> -->
<div id="questionList">
<h2>Questions</h2>
<ul>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="bst">
<h2>Binary Search Tree</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> How would you create a binary search tree?</p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<p>to create a tree you need a node. a node in a tree looks like</p>
<pre><code>
function Node(val){
this.value = val;
this.left = null;
this.right = null;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Create a constructor for binary search tree</p>
<pre><code>
function BinarySearchTree(){
this.root = null;
}
</code></pre>
<p>Now you need to understand the structure of a binary search tree. For every node value in the left is smaller than the value of the node and value at the right is higher than the value of the root.</p>
<p>so while inserting a value you have to find the appropriate location</p>
<pre><code>
BinarySearchTree.prototype.push = function(val){
var root = this.root;
if(!root){
this.root = new Node(val);
return;
}
var currentNode = root;
var newNode = new Node(val);
while(currentNode){
if(val < currentNode.value){
if(!currentNode.left){
currentNode.left = newNode;
break;
}
else{
currentNode = currentNode.left;
}
}
else{
if(!currentNode.right){
currentNode.right = newNode;
break;
}
else{
currentNode = currentNode.right;
}
}
}
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
var bst = new BinarySearchTree();
bst.push(3);
bst.push(2);
bst.push(4);
bst.push(1);
bst.push(5);
</code></pre>
</div>
<div id="bredthFirstSearch">
<h2>Breadth First Search</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> How do you implement Breadth First Search</p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<pre><code>
BinarySearchTree.prototype.breadthFirstSearch = function() {
var queue = [];
queue.push(this);
while (queue.length) {
var node = queue.shift();
console.log(node.value);
if (node.left) {
queue.push(node.left);
}
if (node.right) {
queue.push(node.right);
}
}
};
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/a/13633354/1535443">stackoverflow</a></p>
<p>ref: <a href="https://github.com/duereg/js-algorithms">js algorithms</a></p>
</div>
<div id="inorderTraversal">
<h2>Depth first search</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> How to perform in order traversal</p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<pre><code>
function dfs(node){
if(node){
console.log(node.value);
dfs(node.left);
dfs(node.right);
}
}
</code></pre>
</div>
<div id="inorder">
<h2>In order Traversal</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<img src="images/inorder.jpg" alt="">
<pre><code>
function inorder(node){
if(node){
inorder(node.left);
console.log(node.value);
inorder(node.right);
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.javabeat.net/binary-search-tree-traversal-java/">source of image</a> </p>
</div>
<div id="preorder">
<h2>pre order</h2>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<img src="images/preorder.jpg" alt="">
<pre><code>
//code here
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal">wiki pseudocode doesnt work for JavaScript</a></p>
</div>
<div id="postOrder">
<h2>Post order</h2>
<img src="images/postorder.jpg" alt="">
<pre><code>
//code here
</code></pre>
</div>
<div id="minMax">
<h2>min and max value</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> How can you find the min value in a bst</p>
<p>finding min is super simple. the go through the left node and left most node is the minimum node</p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<pre><code>
function minNode(node){
if(!node){
return 0;
}
if(node.left){
return minNode(node.left)
}
return node.value
}
</code></pre>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> How can you find the max value in a bst</p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<pre><code>
function maxNode(node){
if(!node){
return 0;
}
if(node.right){
return maxNode(node.right)
}
return node.value;
}
</code></pre>
</div>
<div id="balanced">
<h2>Balanced and Unbalanced Tree</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong>What is balanced and unbalanced tree</p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<ol>
<li>The left and right subtrees' heights differ by at most one, AND</li>
<li>The left subtree is balanced, AND</li>
<li>The right subtree is balanced</li>
</ol>
<p>ref: <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8015630/definition-of-a-balanced-tree">Get answer from here</a></p>
</div>
<div id="checkBST">
<h2>Check BST</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong> check a binary tree is BST or not?</p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<h4>Simple but wrong approach</h4>
<p><strong>Step-1:</strong> if node is null, its BST</p>
<pre><code>
function isBST(node){
if(!node){
return true;
}
if(node.left != null && node.left.value > node.value){
return false;
}
if(node.right !=null && node.right.value < node.value) {
return false;
}
if(!isBST(node.left) || !isBST(node.right)) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
</code></pre>
<p>The reason this method will generate wrong result is for</p>
<img src="images/bstWrong.gif" alt="">
<h4>do in order traversal</h4>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<pre><code>
//use method 4 in the link below
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/a-program-to-check-if-a-binary-tree-is-bst-or-not/">taken from geeksforgeeks</a></p>
</div>
<div id="checkBalance">
<h2>Check balanced</h2>
<p><strong>Quetion:</strong> How could you check a tree is balanced or not</p>
<p><strong>Answer: </strong></p>
<p>check multiple example whether it is balanced. <a href="http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~holte/T26/balanced-trees.html">check balanced tree example</a></p>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-determine-if-a-binary-tree-is-balanced/">get the answer from here</a></p>
</div>
<div id="height">
<h2>Height of a tree</h2>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<pre><code>
function height(node){
if(!node) return 0;
var leftHeight = height(node.left);
var rightHeight = height(node.right);
return Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 1;
}
</code></pre>
</div>
<div id="printAncestor">
<h2>print ancestor</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<pre><code>
function printAncestor(node, target){
if(!node) return false
if(node.value == target) return true;
if(printAncestor(node.left, target) || printAncestor(node.rigth, target)){
console.log(node.value);
return true;
}
return false
}
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12052192/printing-ancestors-of-a-node-in-binary-tree">from stack overflow</a></p>
<h3 class="text-danger">Doesnt work for intermediate nodes. Debug this</h3>
</div>
<div id="nodesBetweenTwo">
<h2>Print all nodes between two nodes</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<pre><code>
//put the code
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/given-binary-tree-print-nodes-two-given-level-numbers/">Get the code form here</a></p>
</div>
<div id="commonAncestor">
<h2>common ancestor</h2>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p>this will work for bst only. If you are dealing with binary tree..this needs to be modified</p>
<h4 class="text-danger">Make this code better</h4>
<pre><code>
function commonAncestor(node, n1, n2){
if(!node) return;
var val = node.value;
if(n1 < val && n2<val){
return commonAncestor(node.left, n1, n2);
}
if(n1<val && n2<val){
return commonAncestor(node.right, n1, n2);
}
console.log('lowest common ancestor value: ', val);
return node;
}
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/lowest-common-ancestor-in-a-binary-search-tree/">common ancesotr</a></p>
<h4>coomon ancestor for binary tree</h4>
<pre><code>
function commonAncestorBT(node, n1, n2){
if(!node) return;
var val = node.value;
if(n1 == val || n2 ==val){
return node;
}
var left = commonAncestorBT(node.left, n1, n2);
var right = commonAncestorBT(node.right, n1, n2);
if(left && right){
return node;
}
return (left) ? left : right;
}
</code></pre>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.fusu.us/2013/06/p2-lowest-common-ancestor-in-binary-tree.html">try pavels blog</a></p>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/lowest-common-ancestor-binary-tree-set-1/">common ancestor for binary tree</a></p>
</div>
<div id="heightBalance">
<h2>check bst is height balanced</h2>
<p><strong>Qustion</strong></p>
<p><strong></strong></p>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-determine-if-a-binary-tree-is-balanced/">get code from here</a></p>
</div>
<div id="topView">
<h2>Top view</h2>
</div>
<div id="bottomView">
<h2>bottom view</h2>
</div>
<div id="leftView">
<h2>leftview</h2>
<p> ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-left-view-binary-tree/">bst left view</a></p>
</div>
<div id="rightView">
<h2>Right view</h2>
<p> ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-right-view-binary-tree-2/">print right view</a></p>
</div>
<div id="mergeSorted">
<h2>Merge two BST</h2>
<p> ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/merge-two-bsts-with-limited-extra-space/">merge two bst</a></p>
</div>
<div id="binaryToBST">
<h2>convert binary to BST</h2>
<p> ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/binary-tree-to-binary-search-tree-conversion/">binary tree to bst</a></p>
</div>
<div id="checkSubTree">
<h2>Check Sub tree</h2>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/check-binary-tree-subtree-another-binary-tree-set-2/">check subtree</a></p>
</div>
<div id="diagonalSum">
<h2>Diagonal Sum</h2>
<p>ref: <a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/diagonal-sum-binary-tree/">gfg</a></p>
</div>
<div id="selfBalancing">
<h2>Self Balancing or Height Balanced Tree</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<p>A binary tree whose height of the left subtree and height of the right subtree differ at most one.</p>
</div>
<div id="avlTree">
<h2>AVL Tree</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong></p>
<p>It is Self balancing binary search tree. This means in an AVL tree, heights of two child subtrees of any node differ by at most one. If at any time if heights differ more than one, re-balancing is done to restore the height balance property.</p>
<p>Lookup, insertion and deletion all takes O(logn) in average and worst case</p>
</div>
<div id="insertAVL">
<h2>Insert, delete Into AVL</h2>
</div>
<div id="redBlackTree">
<h2>Red Black Tree</h2>
<p><strong>Question:</strong></p>
<p><strong>Answer:</strong>A red-black tree is a binary search tree with one extra attribute for each node: the colour, which is either red or black.</p>
<ul>
<li>Every node is either red or black.</li>
<li>Every leaf (NULL) is black.</li>
<li>If a node is red, then both its children are black. However, two black node may be adjacent</li>
<li>Every simple path from a node to a descendant leaf contains the same number of black nodes.</li>
<li>Root node will always be black</li>
</ul>
<img src="images/rb_tree1a.gif" alt="">
<p>ref: <a href="https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/software/AlgAnim/red_black.html">Red Black Trees</a></p>
</div>
<div id="redBlackInsertion">
<h2>Insert into Red Black Tree</h2>
</div>
<div>
<h2>Questions list</h2>
<h4>from cracking the coding interview</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.ardendertat.com/2011/10/10/programming-interview-questions-7-binary-search-tree-check/">check binary tree is balanced</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/check-two-nodes-cousins-binary-tree/">two nodes are cusin</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/lowest-common-ancestor-in-a-binary-search-tree/">lowest common ancestor</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/find-k-th-smallest-element-in-bst-order-statistics-in-bst/">k th smalled node</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/inorder-predecessor-successor-given-key-bst/">in order successor and precessor</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/find-maximum-path-sum-two-leaves-binary-tree/">maximum path between two nodes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-nodes-distance-k-given-node-binary-tree/">all nodes of k distance</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-binary-tree-vertical-order/">vertical order</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-nodes-dont-sibling-binary-tree/">nodes that doesnt have siblings</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/convert-given-binary-tree-doubly-linked-list-set-3/">bst to doubly linked list</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/deepest-left-leaf-node-in-a-binary-tree/">deepest left node</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/check-leaves-level/">check leaves</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-sums-of-odd-and-even-levels/">sum of odd levels and even levels node</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/tree-isomorphism-problem/">isporphisom: dont know what is this</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/find-a-pair-with-given-sum-in-bst/">pair with a given sum</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/floor-and-ceil-from-a-bst/">floor and ceil of bst</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/fix-two-swapped-nodes-of-bst/">two nodes swapped, correct bst</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/check-if-a-given-binary-tree-is-complete-tree-or-not/">check complete or not</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/maximum-width-of-a-binary-tree/">max width of bst</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/given-a-binary-tree-print-all-root-to-leaf-paths/">all root to leaf path</a></li>
<li>BST from sorted array</li>
<li>From BST, linked list for each level</li>
<li>check binary tree is BST</li>
<li>next node (in-order successor) of BST</li>
<li>First common ancestor of two nodes in BT</li>
<li>Very large two BT. check one is sub tree of another</li>
<li>all path that sums to a number in BT</li>
<li><a href="http://www.crazyforcode.com/tree/">carzy for code list of tree questions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/forums/forum/trees-specific-questions/">geeks for geeks questions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.glassdoor.com/Interview/binary-trees-interview-questions-SRCH_KT0,12.htm">glassdoor questions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC3855D81E15BC990">you tube got some questions as well</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.careercup.com/page?pid=trees-and-graphs-interview-questions">career cup list of question</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<h3 class="purpleBold">Express anger!</h3>
<!-- <p class="gray">Feel free to express your anger (sorry folks, you have to use g+.). Also point out my mistakes ( technical, wrong answer, spelling, grammar, sentence..., whatever), let your dude learn and grow.</p>
<script src="https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js"></script>
<div class="g-comments"
data-href="http://www.thatjsdude.com/interview/dom.html"
data-width="642"
data-first_party_property="BLOGGER"
data-view_type="FILTERED_POSTMOD">
</div> -->
</div>
<hr>
<footer>
<p>©thatJSDude 2014</p>
</footer>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="js/jquery-2.0.3.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/highlight.pack.js"></script>
<script>hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();</script>
<script src="js/toggleExample.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//social plugins
// //g+
// (function() {
// var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true;
// po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js';
// var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s);
// })();
// //fb
// (function(d, s, id) {
// var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
// if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
// js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
// js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1";
// fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
// }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.getElementById('listToDestroy').addEventListener('click', function (e) {
var elm = e.target.parentNode;
elm.parentNode.removeChild(elm);
e.preventDefault();
});
document.getElementById('doubleHolder').addEventListener('click', function (e) {
if(e.target.classList.contains('double')){
var btn = document.createElement('button');
btn.setAttribute('class', 'double');
btn.innerHTML = 'double';
var btn2 = document.createElement('button');
btn2.setAttribute('class', 'double');
btn2.innerHTML = 'double';
this.appendChild(btn);
this.appendChild(btn2);
this.removeChild(e.target);
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>