diff --git a/deps/datReader/Exd/Structs.h b/deps/datReader/Exd/Structs.h
index 1d1de7b05..9baf7f185 100644
--- a/deps/datReader/Exd/Structs.h
+++ b/deps/datReader/Exd/Structs.h
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ namespace Excel
     uint8_t HideCastBar : 1;
     uint8_t IsTargetLine : 1;
 
-    int8_t unknown : 8;
+    int8_t unknown;
   };
 
   /* 75653 */
diff --git a/src/scripts/statuseffect/StatusEffectDefiance.cpp b/src/scripts/statuseffect/StatusEffectDefiance.cpp
index 9f26421af..207ccec01 100644
--- a/src/scripts/statuseffect/StatusEffectDefiance.cpp
+++ b/src/scripts/statuseffect/StatusEffectDefiance.cpp
@@ -15,12 +15,7 @@ class StatusEffectDefiance : public Sapphire::ScriptAPI::StatusEffectScript
 
   void onExpire( Entity::Chara& actor ) override
   {
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( Unchained );
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( Wrath );
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( WrathII );
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( WrathIII );
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( WrathIV );
-    actor.removeSingleStatusEffectById( Infuriated );
+    actor.removeStatusEffectById( { Unchained, Wrath, WrathII, WrathIII, WrathIV, Infuriated } );
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/tools/action_parse/main.cpp b/src/tools/action_parse/main.cpp
index 1abe3045e..1f07de8fa 100644
--- a/src/tools/action_parse/main.cpp
+++ b/src/tools/action_parse/main.cpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ struct StatusModifier
 struct StatusEntry
 {
   uint16_t id;
-  int32_t duration;
+  uint32_t duration;
   uint32_t flag;
   std::vector< StatusModifier > modifiers;
 };
diff --git a/src/world/Action/Action.cpp b/src/world/Action/Action.cpp
index 8afe58091..aefb889fd 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/Action.cpp
+++ b/src/world/Action/Action.cpp
@@ -592,15 +592,13 @@ void Action::Action::buildActionResults()
   }
 
   // If we hit an enemy
-  if( m_hitActors.size() > 0 && getHitChara()->getObjKind() != m_pSource->getObjKind() )
+  if( !m_hitActors.empty() && getHitChara()->getObjKind() != m_pSource->getObjKind() )
   {
     m_pSource->removeStatusEffectByFlag( Common::StatusEffectFlag::RemoveOnSuccessfulHit );
   }
 
   handleJobAction();
-
-  if( m_lutEntry.statuses.caster.size() > 0 || m_lutEntry.statuses.target.size() > 0 )
-    handleStatusEffects();
+  handleStatusEffects();
 
   m_actionResultBuilder->sendActionResults( m_hitActors );
 
@@ -620,25 +618,25 @@ void Action::Action::handleStatusEffects()
     return;
 
   // handle caster statuses
-  if( m_lutEntry.statuses.caster.size() > 0 )
+  if( !m_lutEntry.statuses.caster.empty() )
   {
     for( auto& status : m_lutEntry.statuses.caster )
     {
-      pActionBuilder->applyStatusEffectSelf( status.id, status.duration, 0, status.modifiers, status.flag, true );
+      pActionBuilder->applyStatusEffectSelf( status.id, status.duration, 0, std::move( status.modifiers ), status.flag, true );
     }
   }
 
   // handle hit actor statuses
-  if( m_lutEntry.statuses.target.size() > 0 && m_hitActors.size() > 0 )
+  if( !m_lutEntry.statuses.target.empty() && !m_hitActors.empty() )
   {
     for( auto& actor : m_hitActors )
     {
       for( auto& status : m_lutEntry.statuses.target )
       {
-        pActionBuilder->applyStatusEffect( actor, status.id, status.duration, 0, status.modifiers, status.flag, true );
+        pActionBuilder->applyStatusEffect( actor, status.id, status.duration, 0, std::move( status.modifiers ), status.flag, true );
       }
 
-      if( actor->getStatusEffectMap().size() > 0 )
+      if( !actor->getStatusEffectMap().empty() )
         actor->onActionHostile( m_pSource );
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/world/Action/ActionLut.h b/src/world/Action/ActionLut.h
index 258658547..0b86013ee 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/ActionLut.h
+++ b/src/world/Action/ActionLut.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Sapphire::World::Action
   struct StatusEntry
   {
     uint16_t id;
-    int32_t duration;
+    uint32_t duration;
     uint32_t flag;
     std::vector< StatusModifier > modifiers;
   };
diff --git a/src/world/Action/ActionResult.cpp b/src/world/Action/ActionResult.cpp
index 6dcb38912..13b8d99eb 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/ActionResult.cpp
+++ b/src/world/Action/ActionResult.cpp
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void ActionResult::applyStatusEffect( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, Entity::Cha
 }
 
 void ActionResult::applyStatusEffect( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, Entity::Chara& source, uint8_t param,
-                                      std::vector< StatusModifier > modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
+                                      const std::vector< StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
 {
   m_result.Value = static_cast< int16_t >( id );
   m_result.Arg2 = param;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void ActionResult::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t
   m_pStatus->setParam( param );
 }
 
-void ActionResult::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t param, std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers,
+void ActionResult::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t param, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
                                           uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
 {
   m_result.Value = static_cast< int16_t >( id );
diff --git a/src/world/Action/ActionResult.h b/src/world/Action/ActionResult.h
index 0e7421ebe..3a10b4abc 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/ActionResult.h
+++ b/src/world/Action/ActionResult.h
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ namespace Sapphire::World::Action
     void comboSucceed();
     void applyStatusEffect( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, Entity::Chara& source, uint8_t param, bool shouldOverride );
     void applyStatusEffect( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, Entity::Chara& source, uint8_t param,
-                            std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride );
+                            const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride );
     void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t param, bool shouldOverride );
-    void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t param, std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers,
+    void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint32_t id, int32_t duration, uint8_t param, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
                                 uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride );
     void mount( uint16_t mountId );
 
diff --git a/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.cpp b/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.cpp
index 6b58f2d0c..cf073683e 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.cpp
+++ b/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.cpp
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void ActionResultBuilder::applyStatusEffect( Entity::CharaPtr& target, uint16_t
 }
 
 void ActionResultBuilder::applyStatusEffect( Entity::CharaPtr& target, uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param,
-                                             std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
+                                             const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
 {
   ActionResultPtr nextResult = make_ActionResult( target );
   nextResult->applyStatusEffect( statusId, duration, *m_sourceChara, param, modifiers, flag, shouldOverride );
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ void ActionResultBuilder::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t dur
   addResultToActor( m_sourceChara, nextResult );
 }
 
-void ActionResultBuilder::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers,
+void ActionResultBuilder::applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
                                                  uint32_t flag, bool shouldOverride )
 {
   ActionResultPtr nextResult = make_ActionResult( m_sourceChara );
diff --git a/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.h b/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.h
index 672f509b7..e2e79747a 100644
--- a/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.h
+++ b/src/world/Action/ActionResultBuilder.h
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ namespace Sapphire::World::Action
 
     void applyStatusEffect( Entity::CharaPtr& target, uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, bool shouldOverride = false );
     void applyStatusEffect( Entity::CharaPtr& target, uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param,
-                            std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers, uint32_t flag = 0, bool shouldOverride = false );
+                            const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag = 0, bool shouldOverride = false );
     void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, bool shouldOverride = false );
-    void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > modifiers,
+    void applyStatusEffectSelf( uint16_t statusId, uint32_t duration, uint8_t param, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
                                 uint32_t flag = 0, bool shouldOverride = false );
 
     void mount( Entity::CharaPtr& target, uint16_t mountId );
diff --git a/src/world/Actor/Chara.cpp b/src/world/Actor/Chara.cpp
index 845f0b1d8..2d6abf28d 100644
--- a/src/world/Actor/Chara.cpp
+++ b/src/world/Actor/Chara.cpp
@@ -559,6 +559,24 @@ void Chara::removeSingleStatusEffectById( uint32_t id )
   }
 }
 
+void Chara::removeStatusEffectById( std::vector< uint32_t > ids )
+{
+  for( auto effectIt = m_statusEffectMap.begin(); effectIt != m_statusEffectMap.end(); )
+  {
+    auto foundStatus = std::find( ids.begin(), ids.end(), effectIt->second->getId() );
+
+    if( foundStatus != ids.end() )
+    {
+      effectIt = removeStatusEffect( effectIt->first );
+      ids.erase( foundStatus );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      ++effectIt;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void Chara::removeStatusEffectByFlag( Common::StatusEffectFlag flag )
 {
   for( auto effectIt = m_statusEffectMap.begin(); effectIt != m_statusEffectMap.end(); )
diff --git a/src/world/Actor/Chara.h b/src/world/Actor/Chara.h
index 722f4af37..8ee157de0 100644
--- a/src/world/Actor/Chara.h
+++ b/src/world/Actor/Chara.h
@@ -114,6 +114,8 @@ namespace Sapphire::Entity
 
     void removeSingleStatusEffectById( uint32_t id );
 
+    void removeStatusEffectById( std::vector< uint32_t > ids );
+
     void removeStatusEffectByFlag( Common::StatusEffectFlag flag );
 
     void updateStatusEffects();
diff --git a/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.cpp b/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.cpp
index bcbee38f9..85f5497d8 100644
--- a/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.cpp
+++ b/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.cpp
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ using namespace Sapphire::Network::Packets;
 //using namespace Sapphire::Network::Packets::WorldPackets::Server;
 
 Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::StatusEffect( uint32_t id, Entity::CharaPtr sourceActor, Entity::CharaPtr targetActor,
-                                                    uint32_t duration,std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
+                                                    uint32_t duration, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers,
                                                     uint32_t flag, uint32_t tickRate ) :
   StatusEffect( id, sourceActor, targetActor, duration, tickRate )
 {
-  m_statusModifiers = std::move( modifiers );
+  m_statusModifiers = modifiers;
   m_flag = flag;
 }
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ uint16_t Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getParam() const
   return m_param;
 }
 
-std::unordered_map< Common::ParamModifier, int32_t >& Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getModifiers()
+const std::unordered_map< Common::ParamModifier, int32_t >& Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getModifiers() const
 {
   return m_modifiers;
 }
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ uint32_t Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getFlag() const
   return m_flag;
 }
 
-std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getStatusModifiers() const
+const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& Sapphire::StatusEffect::StatusEffect::getStatusModifiers() const
 {
   return m_statusModifiers;
 }
diff --git a/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.h b/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.h
index 2bf6865b3..f8a24dde9 100644
--- a/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.h
+++ b/src/world/StatusEffect/StatusEffect.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class StatusEffect
 {
 public:
   StatusEffect( uint32_t id, Entity::CharaPtr sourceActor, Entity::CharaPtr targetActor,
-                uint32_t duration, std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag, uint32_t tickRate );
+                uint32_t duration, const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& modifiers, uint32_t flag, uint32_t tickRate );
 
   StatusEffect( uint32_t id, Entity::CharaPtr sourceActor, Entity::CharaPtr targetActor,
                 uint32_t duration, uint32_t tickRate );
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class StatusEffect
 
   void onTick();
 
-  std::unordered_map< Common::ParamModifier, int32_t >& getModifiers();
+  const std::unordered_map< Common::ParamModifier, int32_t >& getModifiers() const;
 
   void setModifier( Common::ParamModifier paramModifier, int32_t value );
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class StatusEffect
 
   uint32_t getFlag() const;
 
-  std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier > getStatusModifiers() const;
+  const std::vector< World::Action::StatusModifier >& getStatusModifiers() const;
 
   void setLastTick( uint64_t lastTick );