diff --git a/.github/workflows/test-action.yml b/.github/workflows/test-action.yml
index a4aa5f5..2bfc100 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test-action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-action.yml
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ jobs:
         - ''
         pre-test-cmd:
         - ''
+        pull-request-change-detection:
+        - ''
         target:
         - ''
         target-python-version:
@@ -68,8 +70,10 @@ jobs:
           testing-type: units
         - ansible-core-version: stable-2.13
           collection-root: .internal/ansible/ansible_collections/internal/test
-          collection-src-directory: ./.tmp-action-checkout
+          # NOTE: A missing `collection-src-directory` input causes
+          # NOTE: fetching the repo from GitHub.
           origin-python-version: '3.9'
+          pull-request-change-detection: 'true'
           testing-type: integration
         - ansible-core-version: stable-2.13
           collection-root: .internal/ansible/ansible_collections/internal/test
@@ -111,6 +115,8 @@ jobs:
         git-checkout-ref: ${{ matrix.git-checkout-ref }}
         origin-python-version: ${{ matrix.origin-python-version }}
         pre-test-cmd: ${{ matrix.pre-test-cmd }}
+        pull-request-change-detection: >-
+          ${{ matrix.pull-request-change-detection || 'false' }}
         target: ${{ matrix.target }}
         target-python-version: ${{ matrix.target-python-version }}
         testing-type: ${{ matrix.testing-type }}
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 4393d49..b11a4b6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -104,6 +104,16 @@ version supported by the given `ansible-core-version` **(DEFAULT: `auto`)**
 Extra command to invoke before ansible-test **(OPTIONAL)**
 
 
+### `pull-request-change-detection`
+
+Whether to use change detection for pull requests. If set to `true`, will
+use change detection to determine changed files against the target branch,
+and will not upload code coverage results. If the invocation is not from a
+pull request, this option is ignored. Note that this requires
+`collection-src-directory` to be empty or something ending with
+`ansible_collections/{namespace}/{name}`. **(DEFAULT: `false`)**
+
+
 ### `python-version`
 
 **(DEPRECATED)** Use `origin-python-version` instead.
diff --git a/action.yml b/action.yml
index 306810b..86ae6cc 100644
--- a/action.yml
+++ b/action.yml
@@ -45,6 +45,15 @@ inputs:
     default: auto
   pre-test-cmd:
     description: Extra command to invoke before ansible-test
+  pull-request-change-detection:
+    description: >-
+      Whether to use change detection for pull requests. If set to `true`, will
+      use change detection to determine changed files against the target
+      branch, and will not upload code coverage results. If the invocation is
+      not from a pull request, this option is ignored. Note that this requires
+      `collection-src-directory` to be empty or something ending with
+      `ansible_collections/{namespace}/{name}`.
+    default: 'false'
   python-version:
     description: >-
       **(DEPRECATED)** Use `origin-python-version` instead. This is only kept
@@ -191,6 +200,44 @@ runs:
       set +x
     shell: bash
 
+  - name: Log the next step action
+    run: echo ▷ Figuring out change detection and coverage
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Determine change detection and coverage
+    id: compute-change-detection-coverage
+    run: |
+      # Compute whether to use change detection and coverage
+      import os
+      import pathlib
+      import sys
+
+      FILE_APPEND_MODE = 'a'
+      OUTPUTS_FILE_PATH = pathlib.Path(os.environ['GITHUB_OUTPUT'])
+
+      def set_output(name, value):
+          with OUTPUTS_FILE_PATH.open(FILE_APPEND_MODE) as outputs_file:
+              outputs_file.writelines(f'{name}={value}{os.linesep}')
+
+      # Input from GHA
+      pull_request_change_detection = '${{
+        inputs.pull-request-change-detection
+      }}'
+      pull_request_branch = '${{ github.event.pull_request.base.ref || '' }}'
+
+      # Compute coverage and change detection arguments
+      coverage_arg = '--coverage'
+      change_detection_arg = ''
+      if pull_request_branch and pull_request_change_detection == 'true':
+          coverage_arg = ''
+          change_detection_arg = (
+              f'--changed --base-branch {pull_request_branch}'
+          )
+
+      # Set computed coverage-arg and change-detection-arg
+      set_output('coverage-arg', coverage_arg)
+      set_output('change-detection-arg', change_detection_arg)
+    shell: python
+
   - name: Log the next step action
     if: >-
       !inputs.collection-src-directory
@@ -205,6 +252,39 @@ runs:
       path: .tmp-ansible-collection-checkout
       persist-credentials: false
       ref: ${{ inputs.git-checkout-ref }}
+      fetch-depth: >-
+        ${{
+          steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.change-detection-arg
+          && '0' || '1'
+        }}
+
+  - name: Log the next step action
+    if: >-
+      !inputs.collection-src-directory
+      && steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.change-detection-arg
+    run: >-
+      echo ▷ Create branches for change detection
+    shell: bash
+  - name: Create branches for change detection
+    if: >-
+      !inputs.collection-src-directory
+      && steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.change-detection-arg
+    run: |
+      # Create a branch for the current HEAD, which happens to be a merge commit
+      git checkout -b __action_branch_name
+
+      # Name the target branch
+      git branch ${{
+        github.event.pull_request.base.ref
+      }} --track origin/${{
+        github.event.pull_request.base.ref
+      }}
+
+      # Show branch information
+      git branch -vv
+    shell: bash
+    working-directory: >-
+      .tmp-ansible-collection-checkout
 
   - name: Log the next step action
     run: >-
@@ -224,8 +304,20 @@ runs:
           with OUTPUTS_FILE_PATH.open(FILE_APPEND_MODE) as outputs_file:
               outputs_file.writelines(f'{name}={value}{os.linesep}')
 
+      directory = "${{
+        format(
+          '{0}/{1}',
+          (
+            inputs.collection-src-directory
+            && inputs.collection-src-directory
+            || '.tmp-ansible-collection-checkout'
+          ),
+          inputs.collection-root
+        )
+      }}"
+
       COLLECTION_META_FILE = 'galaxy.yml'
-      with open(COLLECTION_META_FILE) as galaxy_yml:
+      with open(os.path.join(directory, COLLECTION_META_FILE)) as galaxy_yml:
           collection_meta = yaml.load(galaxy_yml)
 
       coll_name = collection_meta['name']
@@ -235,29 +327,35 @@ runs:
       set_output('namespace', coll_ns)
 
       set_output('fqcn', f'{coll_ns}.{coll_name}')
-      set_output('collection-namespace-path', f'ansible_collections/{coll_ns}')
-      set_output('checkout-path', f'ansible_collections/{coll_ns}/{coll_name}')
+
+      wanted_path = f'ansible_collections{os.sep}{coll_ns}{os.sep}{coll_name}'
+      if directory.endswith(wanted_path):
+          set_output('copy-to-checkout-path', 'false')
+          set_output(
+              'collection-namespace-path',
+              os.path.normpath(os.path.join(directory, '..')))
+          set_output('checkout-path', directory)
+      else:
+          set_output('copy-to-checkout-path', 'true')
+          set_output(
+              'collection-namespace-path',
+              os.path.join('ansible_collections', coll_ns))
+          set_output(
+              'checkout-path',
+              os.path.join('ansible_collections', coll_ns, coll_name))
     shell: python
-    working-directory: >-
-      ${{
-        format(
-          '{0}/{1}',
-          (
-            inputs.collection-src-directory
-            && inputs.collection-src-directory
-            || '.tmp-ansible-collection-checkout'
-          ),
-          inputs.collection-root
-        )
-      }}
 
   - name: Log the next step action
+    if: >-
+      ${{ fromJSON(steps.collection-metadata.outputs.copy-to-checkout-path) }}
     run: >-
       echo ▷ ${{ inputs.collection-src-directory && 'Copy' || 'Move' }}
       "'${{ steps.collection-metadata.outputs.fqcn }}'"
       collection to ${{ steps.collection-metadata.outputs.checkout-path }}...
     shell: bash
   - name: Move the collection to the proper path
+    if: >-
+      ${{ fromJSON(steps.collection-metadata.outputs.copy-to-checkout-path) }}
     run: >-
       set -x
       ;
@@ -358,7 +456,8 @@ runs:
       ;
       ~/.local/bin/ansible-test ${{ inputs.testing-type }}
       -v --color
-      --coverage
+      ${{ steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.coverage-arg }}
+      ${{ steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.change-detection-arg }}
       ${{
           inputs.testing-type == 'sanity'
           && '--junit'
@@ -408,10 +507,12 @@ runs:
     working-directory: ${{ steps.collection-metadata.outputs.checkout-path }}
 
   - name: Log the next step action
+    if: steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.coverage-arg != ''
     run: >-
       echo ▷ Generating a coverage report...
     shell: bash
   - name: Generate coverage report
+    if: steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.coverage-arg != ''
     run: >-
       set -x
       ;
@@ -425,6 +526,7 @@ runs:
     working-directory: ${{ steps.collection-metadata.outputs.checkout-path }}
 
   - name: Log the next step action
+    if: steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.coverage-arg != ''
     run: >-
       echo ▷ Sending the coverage data over to
       https://codecov.io/gh/${{ github.repository }}...
@@ -432,6 +534,7 @@ runs:
   - name: >-
       Send the coverage data over to
       https://codecov.io/gh/${{ github.repository }}
+    if: steps.compute-change-detection-coverage.outputs.coverage-arg != ''
     uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
     with:
       files: >-