diff --git a/airflow/config_templates/config.yml b/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
index 62eb79336e7042..cbe6bcdd46451f 100644
--- a/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
+++ b/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
@@ -464,6 +464,15 @@ core:
       sensitive: true
       default: ~
       example: '{"some_param": "some_value"}'
+    strict_dataset_uri_validation:
+      description: |
+        Dataset URI validation should raise an exception if it is not compliant with AIP-60.
+        By default this configuration is false, meaning that Airflow 2.x only warns the user.
+        In Airflow 3, this configuration will be enabled by default.
+      default: "False"
+      example: ~
+      version_added: 2.9.2
+      type: boolean
     database_access_isolation:
       description: (experimental) Whether components should use Airflow Internal API for DB connectivity.
       version_added: 2.6.0
diff --git a/airflow/datasets/__init__.py b/airflow/datasets/__init__.py
index 2507c69d01b438..49ff5885cc5ab0 100644
--- a/airflow/datasets/__init__.py
+++ b/airflow/datasets/__init__.py
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from urllib.parse import SplitResult
 
+
+from airflow.configuration import conf
+
 __all__ = ["Dataset", "DatasetAll", "DatasetAny"]
 
 
@@ -78,7 +81,18 @@ def _sanitize_uri(uri: str) -> str:
         fragment="",  # Ignore any fragments.
     )
     if (normalizer := _get_uri_normalizer(normalized_scheme)) is not None:
-        parsed = normalizer(parsed)
+        try:
+            parsed = normalizer(parsed)
+        except ValueError as exception:
+            if conf.getboolean("core", "strict_dataset_uri_validation", fallback=False):
+                raise exception
+            else:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"The dataset URI {uri} is not AIP-60 compliant. "
+                    f"In Airflow 3, this will raise an exception. More information: {repr(exception)}",
+                    UserWarning,
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
     return urllib.parse.urlunsplit(parsed)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/datasets/test_dataset.py b/tests/datasets/test_dataset.py
index c1d68c0933cbfd..2b299e2293f8e2 100644
--- a/tests/datasets/test_dataset.py
+++ b/tests/datasets/test_dataset.py
@@ -20,15 +20,17 @@
 import os
 from collections import defaultdict
 from typing import Callable
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
 from sqlalchemy.sql import select
 
-from airflow.datasets import BaseDatasetEventInput, Dataset, DatasetAll, DatasetAny
+from airflow.datasets import BaseDatasetEventInput, Dataset, DatasetAll, DatasetAny, _sanitize_uri
 from airflow.models.dataset import DatasetDagRunQueue, DatasetModel
 from airflow.models.serialized_dag import SerializedDagModel
 from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator
 from airflow.serialization.serialized_objects import BaseSerialization, SerializedDAG
+from tests.test_utils.config import conf_vars
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -441,3 +443,31 @@ def test_datasets_expression_error(expression: Callable[[], None], error: str) -
     with pytest.raises(TypeError) as info:
         expression()
     assert str(info.value) == error
+
+
+def mock_get_uri_normalizer(normalized_scheme):
+    def normalizer(uri):
+        raise ValueError("Incorrect URI format")
+
+    return normalizer
+
+
+@patch("airflow.datasets._get_uri_normalizer", mock_get_uri_normalizer)
+@patch("airflow.datasets.warnings.warn")
+def test__sanitize_uri_raises_warning(mock_warn):
+    _sanitize_uri("postgres://localhost:5432/database.schema.table")
+    msg = mock_warn.call_args.args[0]
+    assert "The dataset URI postgres://localhost:5432/database.schema.table is not AIP-60 compliant." in msg
+    assert (
+        "In Airflow 3, this will raise an exception. More information: ValueError('Incorrect URI format')"
+        in msg
+    )
+
+
+@patch("airflow.datasets._get_uri_normalizer", mock_get_uri_normalizer)
+@conf_vars({("core", "strict_dataset_uri_validation"): "True"})
+def test__sanitize_uri_raises_exception():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as e_info:
+        _sanitize_uri("postgres://localhost:5432/database.schema.table")
+    assert isinstance(e_info.value, ValueError)
+    assert str(e_info.value) == "Incorrect URI format"