diff --git a/datafusion/sql/src/planner.rs b/datafusion/sql/src/planner.rs
index 1e09054c86c8..250e4b64b374 100644
--- a/datafusion/sql/src/planner.rs
+++ b/datafusion/sql/src/planner.rs
@@ -632,16 +632,27 @@ impl<'a, S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'a, S> {
 
     fn plan_from_tables(
         &self,
-        from: Vec<TableWithJoins>,
+        mut from: Vec<TableWithJoins>,
         ctes: &mut HashMap<String, LogicalPlan>,
         outer_query_schema: Option<&DFSchema>,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<LogicalPlan>> {
+    ) -> Result<LogicalPlan> {
         match from.len() {
-            0 => Ok(vec![LogicalPlanBuilder::empty(true).build()?]),
-            _ => from
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|t| self.plan_table_with_joins(t, ctes, outer_query_schema))
-                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>(),
+            0 => Ok(LogicalPlanBuilder::empty(true).build()?),
+            1 => {
+                let from = from.remove(0);
+                self.plan_table_with_joins(from, ctes, outer_query_schema)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                let plans = from
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(|t| self.plan_table_with_joins(t, ctes, outer_query_schema))
+                    .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?;
+                let mut left = plans[0].clone();
+                for right in plans.iter().skip(1) {
+                    left = LogicalPlanBuilder::from(left).cross_join(right)?.build()?;
+                }
+                Ok(left)
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -944,34 +955,16 @@ impl<'a, S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'a, S> {
     fn plan_selection(
         &self,
         selection: Option<SQLExpr>,
-        plans: Vec<LogicalPlan>,
+        plan: LogicalPlan,
         outer_query_schema: Option<&DFSchema>,
         ctes: &mut HashMap<String, LogicalPlan>,
     ) -> Result<LogicalPlan> {
-        let cross_join_plan = if plans.len() == 1 {
-            plans[0].clone()
-        } else {
-            let mut left = plans[0].clone();
-            for right in plans.iter().skip(1) {
-                left = LogicalPlanBuilder::from(left).cross_join(right)?.build()?;
-            }
-            left
-        };
         match selection {
             Some(predicate_expr) => {
-                let mut fields = vec![];
-                let mut metadata = HashMap::new();
-                for plan in &plans {
-                    fields.extend_from_slice(plan.schema().fields());
-                    metadata.extend(plan.schema().metadata().clone());
-                }
-
-                let mut join_schema = DFSchema::new_with_metadata(fields, metadata)?;
+                let mut join_schema = (**plan.schema()).clone();
                 let mut all_schemas: Vec<DFSchemaRef> = vec![];
-                for plan in plans {
-                    for schema in plan.all_schemas() {
-                        all_schemas.push(schema.clone());
-                    }
+                for schema in plan.all_schemas() {
+                    all_schemas.push(schema.clone());
                 }
                 if let Some(outer) = outer_query_schema {
                     all_schemas.push(Arc::new(outer.clone()));
@@ -990,10 +983,10 @@ impl<'a, S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'a, S> {
 
                 Ok(LogicalPlan::Filter(Filter::try_new(
                     filter_expr,
-                    Arc::new(cross_join_plan),
+                    Arc::new(plan),
                 )?))
             }
-            None => Ok(cross_join_plan),
+            None => Ok(plan),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1020,45 +1013,39 @@ impl<'a, S: ContextProvider> SqlToRel<'a, S> {
         }
 
         // process `from` clause
-        let plans = self.plan_from_tables(select.from, ctes, outer_query_schema)?;
-        let empty_from = matches!(plans.first(), Some(LogicalPlan::EmptyRelation(_)));
+        let plan = self.plan_from_tables(select.from, ctes, outer_query_schema)?;
+        let empty_from = matches!(plan, LogicalPlan::EmptyRelation(_));
         // build from schema for unqualifier column ambiguous check
         // we should get only one field for this unqualifier column from schema.
         let from_schema = {
-            let mut fields = vec![];
-            let mut metadata = std::collections::HashMap::new();
-            for plan in &plans {
-                if let LogicalPlan::Join(HashJoin {
-                    join_constraint: HashJoinConstraint::Using,
-                    on,
-                    left,
-                    ..
-                }) = plan
-                {
-                    // For query: select id from t1 join t2 using(id), this is legal.
-                    // We should dedup the fields for cols in using clause.
-                    let mut plan_fields = plan.schema().fields().clone();
-                    for join_cols in on.iter() {
-                        let left_field = left.schema().field_from_column(&join_cols.0)?;
-                        plan_fields.retain(|field| {
-                            field.unqualified_column().name
-                                != left_field.unqualified_column().name
-                        });
-                        plan_fields.push(left_field.clone());
-                    }
-                    fields.extend_from_slice(&plan_fields);
-                    metadata.extend(plan.schema().metadata().clone());
-                } else {
-                    fields.extend_from_slice(plan.schema().fields());
-                    metadata.extend(plan.schema().metadata().clone());
+            let mut fields = plan.schema().fields().clone();
+
+            let metadata = plan.schema().metadata().clone();
+            if let LogicalPlan::Join(HashJoin {
+                join_constraint: HashJoinConstraint::Using,
+                ref on,
+                ref left,
+                ..
+            }) = plan
+            {
+                // For query: select id from t1 join t2 using(id), this is legal.
+                // We should dedup the fields for cols in using clause.
+                for join_cols in on.iter() {
+                    let left_field = left.schema().field_from_column(&join_cols.0)?;
+                    fields.retain(|field| {
+                        field.unqualified_column().name
+                            != left_field.unqualified_column().name
+                    });
+                    fields.push(left_field.clone());
                 }
             }
+
             DFSchema::new_with_metadata(fields, metadata)?
         };
 
         // process `where` clause
         let plan =
-            self.plan_selection(select.selection, plans, outer_query_schema, ctes)?;
+            self.plan_selection(select.selection, plan, outer_query_schema, ctes)?;
 
         // process the SELECT expressions, with wildcards expanded.
         let select_exprs = self.prepare_select_exprs(