diff --git a/src/program/types/CallExpression.js b/src/program/types/CallExpression.js
index 3671f526..412fe0ce 100644
--- a/src/program/types/CallExpression.js
+++ b/src/program/types/CallExpression.js
@@ -72,7 +72,9 @@ export default class CallExpression extends Node {
 					_super.noCall = true; // bit hacky...
 
 					if (this.arguments.length > 1) {
-						if (firstArgument.type !== 'SpreadElement') {
+						if (firstArgument.type === 'SpreadElement') {
+							code.prependRight(firstArgument.start, `( `);
+						} else {
 							code.prependRight(firstArgument.start, `[ `);
 						}
 
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export default class CallExpression extends Node {
 					code.prependRight(firstArgument.start, `${context}, `);
 				} else {
 					if (firstArgument.type === 'SpreadElement') {
-						code.appendLeft(firstArgument.start, `${context}, `);
+						code.appendLeft(firstArgument.start, `${context}, ( `);
 					} else {
 						code.appendLeft(firstArgument.start, `${context}, [ `);
 					}
diff --git a/src/utils/spread.js b/src/utils/spread.js
index ce2a10cc..184c7ccf 100644
--- a/src/utils/spread.js
+++ b/src/utils/spread.js
@@ -47,8 +47,13 @@ export default function spread(
 	const previousElement = elements[firstSpreadIndex - 1];
 
 	if (!previousElement) {
-		code.remove(start, element.start);
-		code.overwrite(element.end, elements[1].start, '.concat( ');
+		// We parenthesize it to handle ternaries like [...a ? b : c].
+		// (We could be smarter about it, but with the parenthesizing having
+		// spread to CallExpression.js, it sounds too much like hard work.)
+		if (start !== element.start) {
+			code.overwrite(start, element.start, '( ');
+		} // else CallExpression called us, and it puts the ( in itself.
+		code.overwrite(element.end, elements[1].start, ' ).concat( ');
 	} else {
 		code.overwrite(previousElement.end, element.start, ' ].concat( ');
 	}
diff --git a/test/samples/classes-no-named-function-expressions.js b/test/samples/classes-no-named-function-expressions.js
index 0cc7fd3d..8a3a9e01 100644
--- a/test/samples/classes-no-named-function-expressions.js
+++ b/test/samples/classes-no-named-function-expressions.js
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ module.exports = [
 					var y = [], len = arguments.length - 1;
 					while ( len-- > 0 ) y[ len ] = arguments[ len + 1 ];
 
-					Bar.prototype.qux.apply(this, x.concat( y ));
+					Bar.prototype.qux.apply(this, ( x ).concat( y ));
 				};
 				Foo.prototype.fob = function ( x, y ) {
 					var this$1 = this;
diff --git a/test/samples/classes.js b/test/samples/classes.js
index 9fe7b314..d882790d 100644
--- a/test/samples/classes.js
+++ b/test/samples/classes.js
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ module.exports = [
 					var y = [], len = arguments.length - 1;
 					while ( len-- > 0 ) y[ len ] = arguments[ len + 1 ];
 
-					Bar.prototype.qux.apply(this, x.concat( y ));
+					Bar.prototype.qux.apply(this, ( x ).concat( y ));
 				};
 				Foo.prototype.fob = function fob ( x, y ) {
 					var this$1 = this;
diff --git a/test/samples/spread-operator.js b/test/samples/spread-operator.js
index 6cda801a..598432cb 100644
--- a/test/samples/spread-operator.js
+++ b/test/samples/spread-operator.js
@@ -302,27 +302,27 @@ module.exports = [
 	{
 		description: 'transpiles multiple spread operators in an array',
 		input: `var arr = [ ...a, ...b, ...c ];`,
-		output: `var arr = a.concat( b, c );`
+		output: `var arr = ( a ).concat( b, c );`
 	},
 
 	{
 		description:
 			'transpiles multiple spread operators in an array with trailing comma',
 		input: `var arr = [ ...a, ...b, ...c, ];`,
-		output: `var arr = a.concat( b, c );`
+		output: `var arr = ( a ).concat( b, c );`
 	},
 
 	{
 		description: 'transpiles mixture of spread and non-spread elements',
 		input: `var arr = [ ...a, b, ...c, d ];`,
-		output: `var arr = a.concat( [b], c, [d] );`
+		output: `var arr = ( a ).concat( [b], c, [d] );`
 	},
 
 	{
 		description:
 			'transpiles mixture of spread and non-spread elements in array with trailing comma',
 		input: `var arr = [ ...a, b, ...c, d, ];`,
-		output: `var arr = a.concat( [b], c, [d] );`
+		output: `var arr = ( a ).concat( [b], c, [d] );`
 	},
 
 	{
@@ -385,14 +385,14 @@ module.exports = [
 	{
 		description: 'transpiles multiple spread operators in function call',
 		input: `var max = Math.max( ...theseValues, ...thoseValues );`,
-		output: `var max = Math.max.apply( Math, theseValues.concat( thoseValues ) );`
+		output: `var max = Math.max.apply( Math, ( theseValues ).concat( thoseValues ) );`
 	},
 
 	{
 		description:
 			'transpiles mixture of spread and non-spread operators in function call',
 		input: `var max = Math.max( ...a, b, ...c, d );`,
-		output: `var max = Math.max.apply( Math, a.concat( [b], c, [d] ) );`
+		output: `var max = Math.max.apply( Math, ( a ).concat( [b], c, [d] ) );`
 	},
 
 	{
@@ -597,9 +597,9 @@ module.exports = [
 		`,
 
 		output: `
-			f(b).concat( ["n"]);
-			f(b).concat( ['n']);
-			f(b).concat( ["n"]);
+			( f(b) ).concat( ["n"]);
+			( f(b) ).concat( ['n']);
+			( f(b) ).concat( ["n"]);
 		`
 	},
 
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ module.exports = [
 
 		input: `[...A, () => 'B']`,
 
-		output: `A.concat( [function () { return 'B'; }])`
+		output: `( A ).concat( [function () { return 'B'; }])`
 	},
 
 	{
@@ -617,5 +617,13 @@ module.exports = [
 		input: `new X(...A, () => 'B')`,
 
 		output: `new (Function.prototype.bind.apply( X, [ null ].concat( A, [function () { return 'B'; }]) ))`
+	},
+
+	{
+		description: 'transpiles a first spread element comprising a ternary operator',
+
+		input: '[...a ? b : c, d]',
+
+		output: '( a ? b : c ).concat( [d])',
 	}
 ];