diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 5ab90f56..22d1aa78 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
     "@swc-node/register": "^1.6.1",
     "@swc/core": "^1.3.35",
     "@types/mocha": "^10.0.1",
-    "@types/node": "^18.11.19",
+    "@types/node": "^20.6.1",
     "assert-file": "^1.0.0",
     "coffee": "^5.4.0",
     "cpy": "^8.1.2",
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
     "eslint-config-egg": "^12.0.0",
     "git-contributor": "2",
     "npminstall": "^7.5.0",
-    "typescript": "^4.9.5"
+    "typescript": "^5.2.2"
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
diff --git a/src/middleware/global_options.ts b/src/middleware/global_options.ts
index 896c71d5..26a16d65 100644
--- a/src/middleware/global_options.ts
+++ b/src/middleware/global_options.ts
@@ -101,8 +101,13 @@ export default class implements ApplicationLifecycle {
         // keep same logic with egg-core, test cmd load files need it
         // see https://github.com/eggjs/egg-core/blob/master/lib/loader/egg_loader.js#L49
         addNodeOptionsToEnv(`--require ${require.resolve('tsconfig-paths/register')}`, ctx.env);
-        debug('set NODE_OPTIONS: %o', ctx.env.NODE_OPTIONS);
       }
+      if (pkg.type === 'module') {
+        // use ts-node/esm loader on esm
+        addNodeOptionsToEnv('--loader ts-node/esm', ctx.env);
+      }
+
+      debug('set NODE_OPTIONS: %o', ctx.env.NODE_OPTIONS);
       debug('ctx.args: %o', ctx.args);
       debug('enter next');
       await next();
diff --git a/test/cmd/cov.test.ts b/test/cmd/cov.test.ts
index 7fad3c48..b36ee428 100644
--- a/test/cmd/cov.test.ts
+++ b/test/cmd/cov.test.ts
@@ -168,5 +168,17 @@ describe('test/cmd/cov.test.ts', () => {
         .expect('code', 0)
         .end();
     });
+
+    it('should run cov on ts-esm module', () => {
+      const cwd = path.join(fixtures, 'mocha-test-ts-esm');
+      return coffee.fork(eggBin, [ 'cov' ], {
+        cwd,
+      })
+        .debug()
+        .expect('stdout', /should work/)
+        .expect('stdout', /2 passing/)
+        .expect('code', 0)
+        .end();
+    });
   });
 });
diff --git a/test/cmd/test.test.ts b/test/cmd/test.test.ts
index b4626aef..f282ddca 100644
--- a/test/cmd/test.test.ts
+++ b/test/cmd/test.test.ts
@@ -168,6 +168,18 @@ describe('test/cmd/test.test.ts', () => {
         .end();
     });
 
+    it('should run test on ts-esm module', () => {
+      const cwd = path.join(fixtures, 'mocha-test-ts-esm');
+      return coffee.fork(eggBin, [ 'test' ], {
+        cwd,
+      })
+        .debug()
+        .expect('stdout', /should work/)
+        .expect('stdout', /2 passing/)
+        .expect('code', 0)
+        .end();
+    });
+
     it('should success js', () => {
       return coffee.fork(eggBin, [ 'test' ], { cwd: path.join(fixtures, 'test-unhandled-rejection') })
         // .debug()
diff --git a/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/package.json b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bfef359b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "type": "module",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "typescript": "*"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/bar.test.ts b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/bar.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f6b1903a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/bar.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import assert from 'assert';
+
+describe('mocha-test-ts-esm/bar.test.ts', () => {
+  it('should work', () => {
+    assert(true);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/foo.test.ts b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/foo.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5584dee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/test/foo.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import assert from 'assert';
+
+describe('mocha-test-ts-esm/foo.test.ts', () => {
+  it('should work', () => {
+    assert(true);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/tsconfig.json b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..298cdd25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/mocha-test-ts-esm/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "extends": "@eggjs/tsconfig",
+  "compileOnSave": true,
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "strict": true,
+    "noImplicitAny": true,
+    "target": "ES2022",
+    "module": "NodeNext",
+    "moduleResolution": "NodeNext",
+  }
+}