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MANUAL.txt
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MANUAL.txt
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rclone(1) User Manual
Nick Craig-Wood
Oct 15, 2018
RCLONE
[Logo]
Rclone is a command line program to sync files and directories to and
from:
- Amazon Drive (See note)
- Amazon S3
- Backblaze B2
- Box
- Ceph
- DigitalOcean Spaces
- Dreamhost
- Dropbox
- FTP
- Google Cloud Storage
- Google Drive
- HTTP
- Hubic
- Jottacloud
- IBM COS S3
- Memset Memstore
- Mega
- Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
- Microsoft OneDrive
- Minio
- Nextcloud
- OVH
- OpenDrive
- Openstack Swift
- Oracle Cloud Storage
- ownCloud
- pCloud
- put.io
- QingStor
- Rackspace Cloud Files
- SFTP
- Wasabi
- WebDAV
- Yandex Disk
- The local filesystem
Features
- MD5/SHA1 hashes checked at all times for file integrity
- Timestamps preserved on files
- Partial syncs supported on a whole file basis
- Copy mode to just copy new/changed files
- Sync (one way) mode to make a directory identical
- Check mode to check for file hash equality
- Can sync to and from network, eg two different cloud accounts
- (Encryption) backend
- (Cache) backend
- (Union) backend
- Optional FUSE mount (rclone mount)
Links
- Home page
- GitHub project page for source and bug tracker
- Rclone Forum
- Google+ page
- Downloads
INSTALL
Rclone is a Go program and comes as a single binary file.
Quickstart
- Download the relevant binary.
- Extract the rclone or rclone.exe binary from the archive
- Run rclone config to setup. See rclone config docs for more details.
See below for some expanded Linux / macOS instructions.
See the Usage section of the docs for how to use rclone, or run
rclone -h.
Script installation
To install rclone on Linux/macOS/BSD systems, run:
curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash
For beta installation, run:
curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash -s beta
Note that this script checks the version of rclone installed first and
won't re-download if not needed.
Linux installation from precompiled binary
Fetch and unpack
curl -O https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
unzip rclone-current-linux-amd64.zip
cd rclone-*-linux-amd64
Copy binary file
sudo cp rclone /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/rclone
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/rclone
Install manpage
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/share/man/man1
sudo cp rclone.1 /usr/local/share/man/man1/
sudo mandb
Run rclone config to setup. See rclone config docs for more details.
rclone config
macOS installation from precompiled binary
Download the latest version of rclone.
cd && curl -O https://downloads.rclone.org/rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip
Unzip the download and cd to the extracted folder.
unzip -a rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip && cd rclone-*-osx-amd64
Move rclone to your $PATH. You will be prompted for your password.
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
sudo mv rclone /usr/local/bin/
(the mkdir command is safe to run, even if the directory already
exists).
Remove the leftover files.
cd .. && rm -rf rclone-*-osx-amd64 rclone-current-osx-amd64.zip
Run rclone config to setup. See rclone config docs for more details.
rclone config
Install from source
Make sure you have at least Go 1.7 installed. Download go if necessary.
The latest release is recommended. Then
git clone https://github.com/ncw/rclone.git
cd rclone
go build
./rclone version
You can also build and install rclone in the GOPATH (which defaults to
~/go) with:
go get -u -v github.com/ncw/rclone
and this will build the binary in $GOPATH/bin (~/go/bin/rclone by
default) after downloading the source to
$GOPATH/src/github.com/ncw/rclone (~/go/src/github.com/ncw/rclone by
default).
Installation with Ansible
This can be done with Stefan Weichinger's ansible role.
Instructions
1. git clone https://github.com/stefangweichinger/ansible-rclone.git
into your local roles-directory
2. add the role to the hosts you want rclone installed to:
- hosts: rclone-hosts
roles:
- rclone
Configure
First, you'll need to configure rclone. As the object storage systems
have quite complicated authentication these are kept in a config file.
(See the --config entry for how to find the config file and choose its
location.)
The easiest way to make the config is to run rclone with the config
option:
rclone config
See the following for detailed instructions for
- Alias
- Amazon Drive
- Amazon S3
- Backblaze B2
- Box
- Cache
- Crypt - to encrypt other remotes
- DigitalOcean Spaces
- Dropbox
- FTP
- Google Cloud Storage
- Google Drive
- HTTP
- Hubic
- Jottacloud
- Mega
- Microsoft Azure Blob Storage
- Microsoft OneDrive
- Openstack Swift / Rackspace Cloudfiles / Memset Memstore
- OpenDrive
- Pcloud
- QingStor
- SFTP
- Union
- WebDAV
- Yandex Disk
- The local filesystem
Usage
Rclone syncs a directory tree from one storage system to another.
Its syntax is like this
Syntax: [options] subcommand <parameters> <parameters...>
Source and destination paths are specified by the name you gave the
storage system in the config file then the sub path, eg "drive:myfolder"
to look at "myfolder" in Google drive.
You can define as many storage paths as you like in the config file.
Subcommands
rclone uses a system of subcommands. For example
rclone ls remote:path # lists a re
rclone copy /local/path remote:path # copies /local/path to the remote
rclone sync /local/path remote:path # syncs /local/path to the remote
rclone config
Enter an interactive configuration session.
Synopsis
Enter an interactive configuration session where you can setup new
remotes and manage existing ones. You may also set or remove a password
to protect your configuration.
rclone config [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for config
rclone copy
Copy files from source to dest, skipping already copied
Synopsis
Copy the source to the destination. Doesn't transfer unchanged files,
testing by size and modification time or MD5SUM. Doesn't delete files
from the destination.
Note that it is always the contents of the directory that is synced, not
the directory so when source:path is a directory, it's the contents of
source:path that are copied, not the directory name and contents.
If dest:path doesn't exist, it is created and the source:path contents
go there.
For example
rclone copy source:sourcepath dest:destpath
Let's say there are two files in sourcepath
sourcepath/one.txt
sourcepath/two.txt
This copies them to
destpath/one.txt
destpath/two.txt
Not to
destpath/sourcepath/one.txt
destpath/sourcepath/two.txt
If you are familiar with rsync, rclone always works as if you had
written a trailing / - meaning "copy the contents of this directory".
This applies to all commands and whether you are talking about the
source or destination.
rclone copy source:path dest:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for copy
rclone sync
Make source and dest identical, modifying destination only.
Synopsis
Sync the source to the destination, changing the destination only.
Doesn't transfer unchanged files, testing by size and modification time
or MD5SUM. Destination is updated to match source, including deleting
files if necessary.
IMPORTANT: Since this can cause data loss, test first with the --dry-run
flag to see exactly what would be copied and deleted.
Note that files in the destination won't be deleted if there were any
errors at any point.
It is always the contents of the directory that is synced, not the
directory so when source:path is a directory, it's the contents of
source:path that are copied, not the directory name and contents. See
extended explanation in the copy command above if unsure.
If dest:path doesn't exist, it is created and the source:path contents
go there.
rclone sync source:path dest:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for sync
rclone move
Move files from source to dest.
Synopsis
Moves the contents of the source directory to the destination directory.
Rclone will error if the source and destination overlap and the remote
does not support a server side directory move operation.
If no filters are in use and if possible this will server side move
source:path into dest:path. After this source:path will no longer longer
exist.
Otherwise for each file in source:path selected by the filters (if any)
this will move it into dest:path. If possible a server side move will be
used, otherwise it will copy it (server side if possible) into dest:path
then delete the original (if no errors on copy) in source:path.
If you want to delete empty source directories after move, use the
--delete-empty-src-dirs flag.
IMPORTANT: Since this can cause data loss, test first with the --dry-run
flag.
rclone move source:path dest:path [flags]
Options
--delete-empty-src-dirs Delete empty source dirs after move
-h, --help help for move
rclone delete
Remove the contents of path.
Synopsis
Remove the contents of path. Unlike purge it obeys include/exclude
filters so can be used to selectively delete files.
Eg delete all files bigger than 100MBytes
Check what would be deleted first (use either)
rclone --min-size 100M lsl remote:path
rclone --dry-run --min-size 100M delete remote:path
Then delete
rclone --min-size 100M delete remote:path
That reads "delete everything with a minimum size of 100 MB", hence
delete all files bigger than 100MBytes.
rclone delete remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for delete
rclone purge
Remove the path and all of its contents.
Synopsis
Remove the path and all of its contents. Note that this does not obey
include/exclude filters - everything will be removed. Use delete if you
want to selectively delete files.
rclone purge remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for purge
rclone mkdir
Make the path if it doesn't already exist.
Synopsis
Make the path if it doesn't already exist.
rclone mkdir remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for mkdir
rclone rmdir
Remove the path if empty.
Synopsis
Remove the path. Note that you can't remove a path with objects in it,
use purge for that.
rclone rmdir remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for rmdir
rclone check
Checks the files in the source and destination match.
Synopsis
Checks the files in the source and destination match. It compares sizes
and hashes (MD5 or SHA1) and logs a report of files which don't match.
It doesn't alter the source or destination.
If you supply the --size-only flag, it will only compare the sizes not
the hashes as well. Use this for a quick check.
If you supply the --download flag, it will download the data from both
remotes and check them against each other on the fly. This can be useful
for remotes that don't support hashes or if you really want to check all
the data.
If you supply the --one-way flag, it will only check that files in
source match the files in destination, not the other way around. Meaning
extra files in destination that are not in the source will not trigger
an error.
rclone check source:path dest:path [flags]
Options
--download Check by downloading rather than with hash.
-h, --help help for check
--one-way Check one way only, source files must exist on remote
rclone ls
List the objects in the path with size and path.
Synopsis
Lists the objects in the source path to standard output in a human
readable format with size and path. Recurses by default.
Eg
$ rclone ls swift:bucket
60295 bevajer5jef
90613 canole
94467 diwogej7
37600 fubuwic
Any of the filtering options can be applied to this commmand.
There are several related list commands
- ls to list size and path of objects only
- lsl to list modification time, size and path of objects only
- lsd to list directories only
- lsf to list objects and directories in easy to parse format
- lsjson to list objects and directories in JSON format
ls,lsl,lsd are designed to be human readable. lsf is designed to be
human and machine readable. lsjson is designed to be machine readable.
Note that ls and lsl recurse by default - use "--max-depth 1" to stop
the recursion.
The other list commands lsd,lsf,lsjson do not recurse by default - use
"-R" to make them recurse.
Listing a non existent directory will produce an error except for
remotes which can't have empty directories (eg s3, swift, gcs, etc - the
bucket based remotes).
rclone ls remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for ls
rclone lsd
List all directories/containers/buckets in the path.
Synopsis
Lists the directories in the source path to standard output. Does not
recurse by default. Use the -R flag to recurse.
This command lists the total size of the directory (if known, -1 if
not), the modification time (if known, the current time if not), the
number of objects in the directory (if known, -1 if not) and the name of
the directory, Eg
$ rclone lsd swift:
494000 2018-04-26 08:43:20 10000 10000files
65 2018-04-26 08:43:20 1 1File
Or
$ rclone lsd drive:test
-1 2016-10-17 17:41:53 -1 1000files
-1 2017-01-03 14:40:54 -1 2500files
-1 2017-07-08 14:39:28 -1 4000files
If you just want the directory names use "rclone lsf --dirs-only".
Any of the filtering options can be applied to this commmand.
There are several related list commands
- ls to list size and path of objects only
- lsl to list modification time, size and path of objects only
- lsd to list directories only
- lsf to list objects and directories in easy to parse format
- lsjson to list objects and directories in JSON format
ls,lsl,lsd are designed to be human readable. lsf is designed to be
human and machine readable. lsjson is designed to be machine readable.
Note that ls and lsl recurse by default - use "--max-depth 1" to stop
the recursion.
The other list commands lsd,lsf,lsjson do not recurse by default - use
"-R" to make them recurse.
Listing a non existent directory will produce an error except for
remotes which can't have empty directories (eg s3, swift, gcs, etc - the
bucket based remotes).
rclone lsd remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for lsd
-R, --recursive Recurse into the listing.
rclone lsl
List the objects in path with modification time, size and path.
Synopsis
Lists the objects in the source path to standard output in a human
readable format with modification time, size and path. Recurses by
default.
Eg
$ rclone lsl swift:bucket
60295 2016-06-25 18:55:41.062626927 bevajer5jef
90613 2016-06-25 18:55:43.302607074 canole
94467 2016-06-25 18:55:43.046609333 diwogej7
37600 2016-06-25 18:55:40.814629136 fubuwic
Any of the filtering options can be applied to this commmand.
There are several related list commands
- ls to list size and path of objects only
- lsl to list modification time, size and path of objects only
- lsd to list directories only
- lsf to list objects and directories in easy to parse format
- lsjson to list objects and directories in JSON format
ls,lsl,lsd are designed to be human readable. lsf is designed to be
human and machine readable. lsjson is designed to be machine readable.
Note that ls and lsl recurse by default - use "--max-depth 1" to stop
the recursion.
The other list commands lsd,lsf,lsjson do not recurse by default - use
"-R" to make them recurse.
Listing a non existent directory will produce an error except for
remotes which can't have empty directories (eg s3, swift, gcs, etc - the
bucket based remotes).
rclone lsl remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for lsl
rclone md5sum
Produces an md5sum file for all the objects in the path.
Synopsis
Produces an md5sum file for all the objects in the path. This is in the
same format as the standard md5sum tool produces.
rclone md5sum remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for md5sum
rclone sha1sum
Produces an sha1sum file for all the objects in the path.
Synopsis
Produces an sha1sum file for all the objects in the path. This is in the
same format as the standard sha1sum tool produces.
rclone sha1sum remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for sha1sum
rclone size
Prints the total size and number of objects in remote:path.
Synopsis
Prints the total size and number of objects in remote:path.
rclone size remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for size
--json format output as JSON
rclone version
Show the version number.
Synopsis
Show the version number, the go version and the architecture.
Eg
$ rclone version
rclone v1.41
- os/arch: linux/amd64
- go version: go1.10
If you supply the --check flag, then it will do an online check to
compare your version with the latest release and the latest beta.
$ rclone version --check
yours: 1.42.0.6
latest: 1.42 (released 2018-06-16)
beta: 1.42.0.5 (released 2018-06-17)
Or
$ rclone version --check
yours: 1.41
latest: 1.42 (released 2018-06-16)
upgrade: https://downloads.rclone.org/v1.42
beta: 1.42.0.5 (released 2018-06-17)
upgrade: https://beta.rclone.org/v1.42-005-g56e1e820
rclone version [flags]
Options
--check Check for new version.
-h, --help help for version
rclone cleanup
Clean up the remote if possible
Synopsis
Clean up the remote if possible. Empty the trash or delete old file
versions. Not supported by all remotes.
rclone cleanup remote:path [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for cleanup
rclone dedupe
Interactively find duplicate files and delete/rename them.
Synopsis
By default dedupe interactively finds duplicate files and offers to
delete all but one or rename them to be different. Only useful with
Google Drive which can have duplicate file names.
In the first pass it will merge directories with the same name. It will
do this iteratively until all the identical directories have been
merged.
The dedupe command will delete all but one of any identical (same
md5sum) files it finds without confirmation. This means that for most
duplicated files the dedupe command will not be interactive. You can use
--dry-run to see what would happen without doing anything.
Here is an example run.
Before - with duplicates
$ rclone lsl drive:dupes
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:11.775000000 one.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:23:06.731000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:18:26.092000000 one.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000 two.txt
1744073 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000 two.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000 two.txt
Now the dedupe session
$ rclone dedupe drive:dupes
2016/03/05 16:24:37 Google drive root 'dupes': Looking for duplicates using interactive mode.
one.txt: Found 4 duplicates - deleting identical copies
one.txt: Deleting 2/3 identical duplicates (md5sum "1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36")
one.txt: 2 duplicates remain
1: 6048320 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000, md5sum 1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36
2: 564374 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:23:06.731000000, md5sum 7594e7dc9fc28f727c42ee3e0749de81
s) Skip and do nothing
k) Keep just one (choose which in next step)
r) Rename all to be different (by changing file.jpg to file-1.jpg)
s/k/r> k
Enter the number of the file to keep> 1
one.txt: Deleted 1 extra copies
two.txt: Found 3 duplicates - deleting identical copies
two.txt: 3 duplicates remain
1: 564374 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000, md5sum 7594e7dc9fc28f727c42ee3e0749de81
2: 6048320 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000, md5sum 1eedaa9fe86fd4b8632e2ac549403b36
3: 1744073 bytes, 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000, md5sum 851957f7fb6f0bc4ce76be966d336802
s) Skip and do nothing
k) Keep just one (choose which in next step)
r) Rename all to be different (by changing file.jpg to file-1.jpg)
s/k/r> r
two-1.txt: renamed from: two.txt
two-2.txt: renamed from: two.txt
two-3.txt: renamed from: two.txt
The result being
$ rclone lsl drive:dupes
6048320 2016-03-05 16:23:16.798000000 one.txt
564374 2016-03-05 16:22:52.118000000 two-1.txt
6048320 2016-03-05 16:22:46.185000000 two-2.txt
1744073 2016-03-05 16:22:38.104000000 two-3.txt
Dedupe can be run non interactively using the --dedupe-mode flag or by
using an extra parameter with the same value
- --dedupe-mode interactive - interactive as above.
- --dedupe-mode skip - removes identical files then skips anything
left.
- --dedupe-mode first - removes identical files then keeps the first
one.
- --dedupe-mode newest - removes identical files then keeps the newest
one.
- --dedupe-mode oldest - removes identical files then keeps the oldest
one.
- --dedupe-mode largest - removes identical files then keeps the
largest one.
- --dedupe-mode rename - removes identical files then renames the rest
to be different.
For example to rename all the identically named photos in your Google
Photos directory, do
rclone dedupe --dedupe-mode rename "drive:Google Photos"
Or
rclone dedupe rename "drive:Google Photos"
rclone dedupe [mode] remote:path [flags]
Options
--dedupe-mode string Dedupe mode interactive|skip|first|newest|oldest|rename. (default "interactive")
-h, --help help for dedupe
rclone about
Get quota information from the remote.
Synopsis
Get quota information from the remote, like bytes used/free/quota and
bytes used in the trash. Not supported by all remotes.
This will print to stdout something like this:
Total: 17G
Used: 7.444G
Free: 1.315G
Trashed: 100.000M
Other: 8.241G
Where the fields are:
- Total: total size available.
- Used: total size used
- Free: total amount this user could upload.
- Trashed: total amount in the trash
- Other: total amount in other storage (eg Gmail, Google Photos)
- Objects: total number of objects in the storage
Note that not all the backends provide all the fields - they will be
missing if they are not known for that backend. Where it is known that
the value is unlimited the value will also be omitted.
Use the --full flag to see the numbers written out in full, eg
Total: 18253611008
Used: 7993453766
Free: 1411001220
Trashed: 104857602
Other: 8849156022
Use the --json flag for a computer readable output, eg
{
"total": 18253611008,
"used": 7993453766,
"trashed": 104857602,
"other": 8849156022,
"free": 1411001220
}
rclone about remote: [flags]
Options
--full Full numbers instead of SI units
-h, --help help for about
--json Format output as JSON
rclone authorize
Remote authorization.
Synopsis
Remote authorization. Used to authorize a remote or headless rclone from
a machine with a browser - use as instructed by rclone config.
rclone authorize [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for authorize
rclone cachestats
Print cache stats for a remote
Synopsis
Print cache stats for a remote in JSON format
rclone cachestats source: [flags]
Options
-h, --help help for cachestats
rclone cat
Concatenates any files and sends them to stdout.
Synopsis
rclone cat sends any files to standard output.
You can use it like this to output a single file
rclone cat remote:path/to/file
Or like this to output any file in dir or subdirectories.
rclone cat remote:path/to/dir
Or like this to output any .txt files in dir or subdirectories.
rclone --include "*.txt" cat remote:path/to/dir
Use the --head flag to print characters only at the start, --tail for
the end and --offset and --count to print a section in the middle. Note
that if offset is negative it will count from the end, so --offset -1
--count 1 is equivalent to --tail 1.
rclone cat remote:path [flags]
Options
--count int Only print N characters. (default -1)
--discard Discard the output instead of printing.
--head int Only print the first N characters.
-h, --help help for cat
--offset int Start printing at offset N (or from end if -ve).
--tail int Only print the last N characters.
rclone config create
Create a new remote with name, type and options.
Synopsis
Create a new remote of with and options. The options should be passed in
in pairs of .
For example to make a swift remote of name myremote using auto config
you would do:
rclone config create myremote swift env_auth true