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Technical Specification of Layer 2 Blockchain Scalability Solutions for Ethereum Virtual Machine Compatible public Blockchains

Background

Blockchain scalability solutions that are not native to a public blockchain such as the Ethereum Layer 2 ecosystem are experiencing rapid growth around DeFi applications and the technical maturation of its solutions. Layer 2 scalability solutions in all their different technical facets have emerged not only as a solution to public Blockchain congestion but also as a way for Enterprises to utilize the advantages of public Blockchains -- security, data integrity, DeFi assets, and DeFi financial products -- without sacrificing data privacy and regulatory compliance.

Layer 2 scalability solutions are not to be confused with the OSI model Layer 2 protocols or data link layer. For the purposes of this standard, layer 2 is a secondary protocol that is built on top of an existing Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) compatible blockchain (referred to as layer 1) and is dependent on layer 1 for continued operation.

Goals

  • Develop standards and methods for Layer 2 Blockchain protocols that minimize harm to EVM compatible public Blockchains. For example, support Zero Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) or do not reduce economic security assurances,
  • Develop standards and methods for Layer 2 Blockchain protocols that optimize value along multiple value dimensions. For example, Total-Value-Locked (TVL), MEV, security, accessibility, asset diversity, etc.,
  • Develop standards and methods for Layer 2 Blockchain protocols that further ecosystem diversity e.g. making EVM compatible public Blockchains attractive for enterprises, increasing the number of monthly users (MUs);
  • Develop standards and methods for Layer 2 Blockchain protocols that reduce adoption friction for enterprises, tooling, and mainstream software developers
  • Develop standards and methods for Layer 2 Blockchain protocols that can further equitable access and usage of EVM compatible public Blockchains. For example, low L2 transaction fees, transaction diversity in blocks, etc.
  • Develop standards and methods that facilitate interoperability between applications and different Layer 2 Blockchain protocols, and among different Layer 2 Blockchain protocols and EVM compatible Layer 1s.
  • Gather and document information about existing L2 EVM compatible public blockchains to understand existing implementations and how they would meet and relate to the standards that are being developed.

Scope

  • Identify and document the most relevant use cases and business requirements for Layer 2 and other Blockchain Scalability solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains
  • Define a technical standard with identification and differentiation of classes of scalability solutions as required that meet both ecosystem and enterprise requirements, with a particular focus on interoperability between Layer 2 solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains
  • For EVM compatible public blockchains, identify, document, and devise solution approaches for Layer 2 Blockchain scalability solution specific challenges such as MEV, block (gas) limits, TVL concentration, etc.
  • Identify and document characteristics of Layer 2 Blockchain environments for EVM compatible public blockchains that will be key in addressing mainstream and enterprise adoption.

Key Stakeholders

See the current list of WG members

WG blockchains

Any EVM-compatible public blockchain

WG Deliverables

  • A document describing the use cases and business requirements deemed to be most relevant by the WG for Layer 2 and other Blockchain Scalability solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains
  • A technical standards document enumerating normative and non-normative requirements for different classes of Layer 2 and other Blockchain Scalability solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains including but not limited to interoperability between Layer 2 solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains
  • A document identifying and describing solutions for specific challenges for Layer 2 and other Blockchain Scalability solutions for EVM compatible public blockchains the WG has identified as most important
  • A document that identifies the biggest end-user, and developer adoption challenges and describes approaches to address those challenges.

WG Budget

NA

Constraints, Assumptions, Risks, and Dependencies
Constraints Available resources of participant organizations
Assumptions
  • EVM-compatible Public Blockchains
  • Layer 2 Blockchain and other Scalability solutions anchored to EVM compatible public blockchains
  • Following an inclusive approach without promoting specific solutions
Risks and Dependencies
  • Insufficient resource commitments of participating organizations to complete work
  • Competing priorities of participants
  • Ecosystem developments are moving so fast, they could obviate the work of the WG

Governance

The Governance Document is located here.

Approved by EEA Community Projects PGB 2021-01-10