diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationElements-test.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationElements-test.js
index a856bd42edc1d..6a777f3f4325e 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationElements-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationElements-test.js
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
         ) {
           // For plain server markup result we have comments between.
           // If we're able to hydrate, they remain.
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(5);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 6 : 5);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], ' ');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], ' ');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[4], ' ');
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
             Text<span>More Text</span>
           </div>,
         );
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(2);
-        const spanNode = e.childNodes[1];
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 3 : 2);
+        const spanNode = e.childNodes[render === streamRender ? 2 : 1];
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'Text');
         expect(spanNode.tagName).toBe('SPAN');
         expect(spanNode.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
@@ -147,19 +147,19 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
       itRenders('a custom element with text', async render => {
         const e = await render(<custom-element>Text</custom-element>);
         expect(e.tagName).toBe('CUSTOM-ELEMENT');
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectNode(e.firstChild, TEXT_NODE_TYPE, 'Text');
       });
 
       itRenders('a leading blank child with a text sibling', async render => {
         const e = await render(<div>{''}foo</div>);
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
       });
 
       itRenders('a trailing blank child with a text sibling', async render => {
         const e = await render(<div>foo{''}</div>);
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
       });
 
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
           render === streamRender
         ) {
           // In the server render output there's a comment between them.
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 4 : 3);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], 'bar');
         } else {
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
             render === streamRender
           ) {
             // In the server render output there's a comment between them.
-            expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(5);
+            expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 6 : 5);
             expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'a');
             expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], 'b');
             expectTextNode(e.childNodes[4], 'c');
@@ -240,11 +240,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
             e
           </div>,
         );
-        if (
-          render === serverRender ||
-          render === clientRenderOnServerString ||
-          render === streamRender
-        ) {
+        if (render === serverRender || render === clientRenderOnServerString) {
           // In the server render output there's comments between text nodes.
           expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(5);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'a');
@@ -253,6 +249,15 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[3].childNodes[0], 'c');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[3].childNodes[2], 'd');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[4], 'e');
+        } else if (render === streamRender) {
+          // In the server render output there's comments after each text node.
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(7);
+          expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'a');
+          expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], 'b');
+          expect(e.childNodes[4].childNodes.length).toBe(4);
+          expectTextNode(e.childNodes[4].childNodes[0], 'c');
+          expectTextNode(e.childNodes[4].childNodes[2], 'd');
+          expectTextNode(e.childNodes[5], 'e');
         } else {
           expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(4);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'a');
@@ -291,7 +296,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
           render === streamRender
         ) {
           // In the server markup there's a comment between.
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 4 : 3);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], '40');
         } else {
@@ -330,13 +335,13 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
 
       itRenders('null children as blank', async render => {
         const e = await render(<div>{null}foo</div>);
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
       });
 
       itRenders('false children as blank', async render => {
         const e = await render(<div>{false}foo</div>);
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
       });
 
@@ -348,7 +353,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
             {false}
           </div>,
         );
-        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(1);
+        expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 2 : 1);
         expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], 'foo');
       });
 
@@ -735,10 +740,10 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
             </div>,
           );
           expect(e.id).toBe('parent');
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 4 : 3);
           const child1 = e.childNodes[0];
           const textNode = e.childNodes[1];
-          const child2 = e.childNodes[2];
+          const child2 = e.childNodes[render === streamRender ? 3 : 2];
           expect(child1.id).toBe('child1');
           expect(child1.childNodes.length).toBe(0);
           expectTextNode(textNode, ' ');
@@ -752,10 +757,10 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
         async render => {
           // prettier-ignore
           const e = await render(<div id="parent">  <div id="child" />   </div>); // eslint-disable-line no-multi-spaces
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 5 : 3);
           const textNode1 = e.childNodes[0];
-          const child = e.childNodes[1];
-          const textNode2 = e.childNodes[2];
+          const child = e.childNodes[render === streamRender ? 2 : 1];
+          const textNode2 = e.childNodes[render === streamRender ? 3 : 2];
           expect(e.id).toBe('parent');
           expectTextNode(textNode1, '  ');
           expect(child.id).toBe('child');
@@ -778,7 +783,9 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
         ) {
           // For plain server markup result we have comments between.
           // If we're able to hydrate, they remain.
-          expect(parent.childNodes.length).toBe(5);
+          expect(parent.childNodes.length).toBe(
+            render === streamRender ? 6 : 5,
+          );
           expectTextNode(parent.childNodes[0], 'a');
           expectTextNode(parent.childNodes[2], 'b');
           expectTextNode(parent.childNodes[4], 'c');
@@ -810,7 +817,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
           render === clientRenderOnServerString ||
           render === streamRender
         ) {
-          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+          expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 4 : 3);
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[0], '<span>Text1&quot;</span>');
           expectTextNode(e.childNodes[2], '<span>Text2&quot;</span>');
         } else {
@@ -861,7 +868,7 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
           );
           if (render === serverRender || render === streamRender) {
             // We have three nodes because there is a comment between them.
-            expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(3);
+            expect(e.childNodes.length).toBe(render === streamRender ? 4 : 3);
             // Everything becomes LF when parsed from server HTML.
             // Null character is ignored.
             expectNode(e.childNodes[0], TEXT_NODE_TYPE, 'foo\nbar');
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationNewContext-test.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationNewContext-test.js
index 85c214067531b..4d1016dfdaced 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationNewContext-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationNewContext-test.js
@@ -409,12 +409,24 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
         </LoggedInUser.Provider>
       );
 
-      const streamAmy = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
-        AppWithUser('Amy'),
-      ).setEncoding('utf8');
-      const streamBob = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
-        AppWithUser('Bob'),
-      ).setEncoding('utf8');
+      let streamAmy;
+      let streamBob;
+      expect(() => {
+        streamAmy = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
+          AppWithUser('Amy'),
+        ).setEncoding('utf8');
+      }).toErrorDev(
+        'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+        {withoutStack: true},
+      );
+      expect(() => {
+        streamBob = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
+          AppWithUser('Bob'),
+        ).setEncoding('utf8');
+      }).toErrorDev(
+        'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+        {withoutStack: true},
+      );
 
       // Testing by filling the buffer using internal _read() with a small
       // number of bytes to avoid a test case which needs to align to a
@@ -449,9 +461,14 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
       const streamCount = 34;
 
       for (let i = 0; i < streamCount; i++) {
-        streams[i] = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
-          NthRender(i % 2 === 0 ? 'Expected to be recreated' : i),
-        ).setEncoding('utf8');
+        expect(() => {
+          streams[i] = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
+            NthRender(i % 2 === 0 ? 'Expected to be recreated' : i),
+          ).setEncoding('utf8');
+        }).toErrorDev(
+          'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+          {withoutStack: true},
+        );
       }
 
       // Testing by filling the buffer using internal _read() with a small
@@ -468,9 +485,14 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegration', () => {
 
       // Recreate those same streams.
       for (let i = 0; i < streamCount; i += 2) {
-        streams[i] = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
-          NthRender(i),
-        ).setEncoding('utf8');
+        expect(() => {
+          streams[i] = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(
+            NthRender(i),
+          ).setEncoding('utf8');
+        }).toErrorDev(
+          'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+          {withoutStack: true},
+        );
       }
 
       // Read a bit from all streams again.
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTextarea-test.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTextarea-test.js
index 261b6c041495a..1d8b388c4b3a8 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTextarea-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTextarea-test.js
@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ describe('ReactDOMServerIntegrationTextarea', () => {
     expect(e.value).toBe('foo');
   });
 
+  itRenders('a textarea with a value of undefined', async render => {
+    const e = await render(<textarea value={undefined} />);
+    expect(e.getAttribute('value')).toBe(null);
+    expect(e.value).toBe('');
+  });
+
   itRenders('a textarea with a value and readOnly', async render => {
     const e = await render(<textarea value="foo" readOnly={true} />);
     // textarea DOM elements don't have a value **attribute**, the text is
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactServerRendering-test.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactServerRendering-test.js
index 6489151b05504..0c057c5fade05 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactServerRendering-test.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/ReactServerRendering-test.js
@@ -569,7 +569,13 @@ describe('ReactDOMServer', () => {
   describe('renderToNodeStream', () => {
     it('should generate simple markup', () => {
       const SuccessfulElement = React.createElement(() => <img />);
-      const response = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(SuccessfulElement);
+      let response;
+      expect(() => {
+        response = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(SuccessfulElement);
+      }).toErrorDev(
+        'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+        {withoutStack: true},
+      );
       expect(response.read().toString()).toMatch(new RegExp('<img' + '/>'));
     });
 
@@ -577,7 +583,13 @@ describe('ReactDOMServer', () => {
       const FailingElement = React.createElement(() => {
         throw new Error('An Error');
       });
-      const response = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(FailingElement);
+      let response;
+      expect(() => {
+        response = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(FailingElement);
+      }).toErrorDev(
+        'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+        {withoutStack: true},
+      );
       return new Promise(resolve => {
         response.once('error', () => {
           resolve();
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/utils/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTestUtils.js b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/utils/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTestUtils.js
index 8714059bb3861..9f23d7aa96ae0 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/utils/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTestUtils.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/__tests__/utils/ReactDOMServerIntegrationTestUtils.js
@@ -154,8 +154,11 @@ module.exports = function(initModules) {
       () =>
         new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
           const writable = new DrainWritable();
-          const s = ReactDOMServer.renderToNodeStream(reactElement);
-          s.on('error', e => reject(e));
+          const s = ReactDOMServer.renderToPipeableStream(reactElement, {
+            onErrorShell(e) {
+              reject(e);
+            },
+          });
           s.pipe(writable);
           writable.on('finish', () => resolve(writable.buffer));
         }),
@@ -168,7 +171,12 @@ module.exports = function(initModules) {
   // Does not render on client or perform client-side revival.
   async function streamRender(reactElement, errorCount = 0) {
     const markup = await renderIntoStream(reactElement, errorCount);
-    return getContainerFromMarkup(reactElement, markup).firstChild;
+    let firstNode = getContainerFromMarkup(reactElement, markup).firstChild;
+    if (firstNode && firstNode.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE) {
+      // Skip document type nodes.
+      firstNode = firstNode.nextSibling;
+    }
+    return firstNode;
   }
 
   const clientCleanRender = (element, errorCount = 0) => {
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMLegacyServerNode.js b/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMLegacyServerNode.js
index 71ebab5ac0f0f..fd55b2b0a5ceb 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMLegacyServerNode.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMLegacyServerNode.js
@@ -93,6 +93,11 @@ function renderToNodeStream(
   children: ReactNodeList,
   options?: ServerOptions,
 ): Readable {
+  if (__DEV__) {
+    console.error(
+      'renderToNodeStream is deprecated. Use renderToPipeableStream instead.',
+    );
+  }
   return renderToNodeStreamImpl(children, options, false);
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMServerFormatConfig.js b/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMServerFormatConfig.js
index f623556bb62de..0b87521c185c2 100644
--- a/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMServerFormatConfig.js
+++ b/packages/react-dom/src/server/ReactDOMServerFormatConfig.js
@@ -1001,7 +1001,17 @@ function pushStartTextArea(
     target.push(leadingNewline);
   }
 
-  return value;
+  // ToString and push directly instead of recurse over children.
+  // We don't really support complex children in the value anyway.
+  // This also currently avoids a trailing comment node which breaks textarea.
+  if (value !== null) {
+    if (__DEV__) {
+      checkAttributeStringCoercion(value, 'value');
+    }
+    target.push(stringToChunk(encodeHTMLTextNode('' + value)));
+  }
+
+  return null;
 }
 
 function pushSelfClosing(