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falco_rules.yaml
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falco_rules.yaml
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#
# Copyright (C) 2022 The Falco Authors.
#
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
# Starting with version 8, the Falco engine supports exceptions.
# However the Falco rules file does not use them by default.
- required_engine_version: 13
# Currently disabled as read/write are ignored syscalls. The nearly
# similar open_write/open_read check for files being opened for
# reading/writing.
# - macro: write
# condition: (syscall.type=write and fd.type in (file, directory))
# - macro: read
# condition: (syscall.type=read and evt.dir=> and fd.type in (file, directory))
- macro: open_write
condition: (evt.type in (open,openat,openat2) and evt.is_open_write=true and fd.typechar='f' and fd.num>=0)
- macro: open_read
condition: (evt.type in (open,openat,openat2) and evt.is_open_read=true and fd.typechar='f' and fd.num>=0)
- macro: open_directory
condition: (evt.type in (open,openat,openat2) and evt.is_open_read=true and fd.typechar='d' and fd.num>=0)
# Failed file open attempts, useful to detect threat actors making mistakes
# https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/errno.3.html
# evt.res=ENOENT - No such file or directory
# evt.res=EACCESS - Permission denied
- macro: open_file_failed
condition: (evt.type in (open,openat,openat2) and fd.typechar='f' and fd.num=-1 and evt.res startswith E)
- macro: never_true
condition: (evt.num=0)
- macro: always_true
condition: (evt.num>=0)
# In some cases, such as dropped system call events, information about
# the process name may be missing. For some rules that really depend
# on the identity of the process performing an action such as opening
# a file, etc., we require that the process name be known.
- macro: proc_name_exists
condition: (proc.name!="<NA>")
- macro: rename
condition: (evt.type in (rename, renameat, renameat2))
- macro: mkdir
condition: (evt.type in (mkdir, mkdirat))
- macro: remove
condition: (evt.type in (rmdir, unlink, unlinkat))
- macro: modify
condition: (rename or remove)
- macro: spawned_process
condition: (evt.type in (execve, execveat) and evt.dir=<)
- macro: create_symlink
condition: (evt.type in (symlink, symlinkat) and evt.dir=<)
- macro: create_hardlink
condition: (evt.type in (link, linkat) and evt.dir=<)
- macro: chmod
condition: (evt.type in (chmod, fchmod, fchmodat) and evt.dir=<)
# File categories
- macro: bin_dir
condition: (fd.directory in (/bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin))
- macro: bin_dir_mkdir
condition: >
(evt.arg.path startswith /bin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /sbin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /usr/bin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /usr/sbin/)
- macro: bin_dir_rename
condition: >
(evt.arg.path startswith /bin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /sbin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /usr/bin/ or
evt.arg.path startswith /usr/sbin/ or
evt.arg.name startswith /bin/ or
evt.arg.name startswith /sbin/ or
evt.arg.name startswith /usr/bin/ or
evt.arg.name startswith /usr/sbin/ or
evt.arg.oldpath startswith /bin/ or
evt.arg.oldpath startswith /sbin/ or
evt.arg.oldpath startswith /usr/bin/ or
evt.arg.oldpath startswith /usr/sbin/ or
evt.arg.newpath startswith /bin/ or
evt.arg.newpath startswith /sbin/ or
evt.arg.newpath startswith /usr/bin/ or
evt.arg.newpath startswith /usr/sbin/)
- macro: etc_dir
condition: (fd.name startswith /etc/)
# This detects writes immediately below / or any write anywhere below /root
- macro: root_dir
condition: (fd.directory=/ or fd.name startswith /root/)
- list: shell_binaries
items: [ash, bash, csh, ksh, sh, tcsh, zsh, dash]
- list: ssh_binaries
items: [
sshd, sftp-server, ssh-agent,
ssh, scp, sftp,
ssh-keygen, ssh-keysign, ssh-keyscan, ssh-add
]
- list: shell_mgmt_binaries
items: [add-shell, remove-shell]
- macro: shell_procs
condition: proc.name in (shell_binaries)
- list: coreutils_binaries
items: [
truncate, sha1sum, numfmt, fmt, fold, uniq, cut, who,
groups, csplit, sort, expand, printf, printenv, unlink, tee, chcon, stat,
basename, split, nice, "yes", whoami, sha224sum, hostid, users, stdbuf,
base64, unexpand, cksum, od, paste, nproc, pathchk, sha256sum, wc, test,
comm, arch, du, factor, sha512sum, md5sum, tr, runcon, env, dirname,
tsort, join, shuf, install, logname, pinky, nohup, expr, pr, tty, timeout,
tail, "[", seq, sha384sum, nl, head, id, mkfifo, sum, dircolors, ptx, shred,
tac, link, chroot, vdir, chown, touch, ls, dd, uname, "true", pwd, date,
chgrp, chmod, mktemp, cat, mknod, sync, ln, "false", rm, mv, cp, echo,
readlink, sleep, stty, mkdir, df, dir, rmdir, touch
]
# dpkg -L login | grep bin | xargs ls -ld | grep -v '^d' | awk '{print $9}' | xargs -L 1 basename | tr "\\n" ","
- list: login_binaries
items: [
login, systemd, '"(systemd)"', systemd-logind, su,
nologin, faillog, lastlog, newgrp, sg
]
# dpkg -L passwd | grep bin | xargs ls -ld | grep -v '^d' | awk '{print $9}' | xargs -L 1 basename | tr "\\n" ","
- list: passwd_binaries
items: [
shadowconfig, grpck, pwunconv, grpconv, pwck,
groupmod, vipw, pwconv, useradd, newusers, cppw, chpasswd, usermod,
groupadd, groupdel, grpunconv, chgpasswd, userdel, chage, chsh,
gpasswd, chfn, expiry, passwd, vigr, cpgr, adduser, addgroup, deluser, delgroup
]
# repoquery -l shadow-utils | grep bin | xargs ls -ld | grep -v '^d' |
# awk '{print $9}' | xargs -L 1 basename | tr "\\n" ","
- list: shadowutils_binaries
items: [
chage, gpasswd, lastlog, newgrp, sg, adduser, deluser, chpasswd,
groupadd, groupdel, addgroup, delgroup, groupmems, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv,
newusers, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr, vipw, unix_chkpwd
]
- list: sysdigcloud_binaries
items: [setup-backend, dragent, sdchecks]
- list: docker_binaries
items: [docker, dockerd, exe, docker-compose, docker-entrypoi, docker-runc-cur, docker-current, dockerd-current]
- list: k8s_binaries
items: [hyperkube, skydns, kube2sky, exechealthz, weave-net, loopback, bridge, openshift-sdn, openshift]
- list: lxd_binaries
items: [lxd, lxcfs]
- list: http_server_binaries
items: [nginx, httpd, httpd-foregroun, lighttpd, apache, apache2]
- list: db_server_binaries
items: [mysqld, postgres, sqlplus]
- list: postgres_mgmt_binaries
items: [pg_dumpall, pg_ctl, pg_lsclusters, pg_ctlcluster]
- list: nosql_server_binaries
items: [couchdb, memcached, redis-server, rabbitmq-server, mongod]
- list: gitlab_binaries
items: [gitlab-shell, gitlab-mon, gitlab-runner-b, git]
- list: interpreted_binaries
items: [lua, node, perl, perl5, perl6, php, python, python2, python3, ruby, tcl]
- macro: interpreted_procs
condition: >
(proc.name in (interpreted_binaries))
- macro: server_procs
condition: proc.name in (http_server_binaries, db_server_binaries, docker_binaries, sshd)
# The explicit quotes are needed to avoid the - characters being
# interpreted by the filter expression.
- list: rpm_binaries
items: [dnf, rpm, rpmkey, yum, '"75-system-updat"', rhsmcertd-worke, rhsmcertd, subscription-ma,
repoquery, rpmkeys, rpmq, yum-cron, yum-config-mana, yum-debug-dump,
abrt-action-sav, rpmdb_stat, microdnf, rhn_check, yumdb]
- list: openscap_rpm_binaries
items: [probe_rpminfo, probe_rpmverify, probe_rpmverifyfile, probe_rpmverifypackage]
- macro: rpm_procs
condition: (proc.name in (rpm_binaries, openscap_rpm_binaries) or proc.name in (salt-minion))
- list: deb_binaries
items: [dpkg, dpkg-preconfigu, dpkg-reconfigur, dpkg-divert, apt, apt-get, aptitude,
frontend, preinst, add-apt-reposit, apt-auto-remova, apt-key,
apt-listchanges, unattended-upgr, apt-add-reposit, apt-cache, apt.systemd.dai
]
# The truncated dpkg-preconfigu is intentional, process names are
# truncated at the falcosecurity-libs level.
- list: package_mgmt_binaries
items: [rpm_binaries, deb_binaries, update-alternat, gem, npm, pip, pip3, sane-utils.post, alternatives, chef-client, apk, snapd]
- macro: package_mgmt_procs
condition: proc.name in (package_mgmt_binaries)
- macro: package_mgmt_ancestor_procs
condition: proc.pname in (package_mgmt_binaries) or
proc.aname[2] in (package_mgmt_binaries) or
proc.aname[3] in (package_mgmt_binaries) or
proc.aname[4] in (package_mgmt_binaries)
- macro: coreos_write_ssh_dir
condition: (proc.name=update-ssh-keys and fd.name startswith /home/core/.ssh)
- macro: run_by_package_mgmt_binaries
condition: proc.aname in (package_mgmt_binaries, needrestart)
- list: ssl_mgmt_binaries
items: [ca-certificates]
- list: dhcp_binaries
items: [dhclient, dhclient-script, 11-dhclient]
# A canonical set of processes that run other programs with different
# privileges or as a different user.
- list: userexec_binaries
items: [sudo, su, suexec, critical-stack, dzdo]
- list: known_setuid_binaries
items: [
sshd, dbus-daemon-lau, ping, ping6, critical-stack-, pmmcli,
filemng, PassengerAgent, bwrap, osdetect, nginxmng, sw-engine-fpm,
start-stop-daem
]
- list: user_mgmt_binaries
items: [login_binaries, passwd_binaries, shadowutils_binaries]
- list: dev_creation_binaries
items: [blkid, rename_device, update_engine, sgdisk]
- list: hids_binaries
items: [aide, aide.wrapper, update-aide.con, logcheck, syslog-summary, osqueryd, ossec-syscheckd]
- list: vpn_binaries
items: [openvpn]
- list: nomachine_binaries
items: [nxexec, nxnode.bin, nxserver.bin, nxclient.bin]
- macro: system_procs
condition: proc.name in (coreutils_binaries, user_mgmt_binaries)
- list: mail_binaries
items: [
sendmail, sendmail-msp, postfix, procmail, exim4,
pickup, showq, mailq, dovecot, imap-login, imap,
mailmng-core, pop3-login, dovecot-lda, pop3
]
- list: mail_config_binaries
items: [
update_conf, parse_mc, makemap_hash, newaliases, update_mk, update_tlsm4,
update_db, update_mc, ssmtp.postinst, mailq, postalias, postfix.config.,
postfix.config, postfix-script, postconf
]
- list: sensitive_file_names
items: [/etc/shadow, /etc/sudoers, /etc/pam.conf, /etc/security/pwquality.conf]
- list: sensitive_directory_names
items: [/, /etc, /etc/, /root, /root/]
- macro: sensitive_files
condition: >
fd.name startswith /etc and
(fd.name in (sensitive_file_names)
or fd.directory in (/etc/sudoers.d, /etc/pam.d))
# Indicates that the process is new. Currently detected using time
# since process was started, using a threshold of 5 seconds.
- macro: proc_is_new
condition: proc.duration <= 5000000000
# Network
- macro: inbound
condition: >
(((evt.type in (accept,listen) and evt.dir=<) or
(evt.type in (recvfrom,recvmsg) and evt.dir=< and
fd.l4proto != tcp and fd.connected=false and fd.name_changed=true)) and
(fd.typechar = 4 or fd.typechar = 6) and
(fd.ip != "0.0.0.0" and fd.net != "127.0.0.0/8") and
(evt.rawres >= 0 or evt.res = EINPROGRESS))
# RFC1918 addresses were assigned for private network usage
- list: rfc_1918_addresses
items: ['"10.0.0.0/8"', '"172.16.0.0/12"', '"192.168.0.0/16"']
- macro: outbound
condition: >
(((evt.type = connect and evt.dir=<) or
(evt.type in (sendto,sendmsg) and evt.dir=< and
fd.l4proto != tcp and fd.connected=false and fd.name_changed=true)) and
(fd.typechar = 4 or fd.typechar = 6) and
(fd.ip != "0.0.0.0" and fd.net != "127.0.0.0/8" and not fd.snet in (rfc_1918_addresses)) and
(evt.rawres >= 0 or evt.res = EINPROGRESS))
# Very similar to inbound/outbound, but combines the tests together
# for efficiency.
- macro: inbound_outbound
condition: >
((((evt.type in (accept,listen,connect) and evt.dir=<)) and
(fd.typechar = 4 or fd.typechar = 6)) and
(fd.ip != "0.0.0.0" and fd.net != "127.0.0.0/8") and
(evt.rawres >= 0 or evt.res = EINPROGRESS))
- macro: ssh_port
condition: fd.sport=22
# In a local/user rules file, you could override this macro to
# enumerate the servers for which ssh connections are allowed. For
# example, you might have a ssh gateway host for which ssh connections
# are allowed.
#
# In the main falco rules file, there isn't any way to know the
# specific hosts for which ssh access is allowed, so this macro just
# repeats ssh_port, which effectively allows ssh from all hosts. In
# the overridden macro, the condition would look something like
# "fd.sip="a.b.c.d" or fd.sip="e.f.g.h" or ..."
- macro: allowed_ssh_hosts
condition: ssh_port
- rule: Disallowed SSH Connection
desc: Detect any new ssh connection to a host other than those in an allowed group of hosts
condition: (inbound_outbound) and ssh_port and not allowed_ssh_hosts
enabled: false
output: Disallowed SSH Connection (command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid connection=%fd.name user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: NOTICE
tags: [network, mitre_remote_service]
# These rules and supporting macros are more of an example for how to
# use the fd.*ip and fd.*ip.name fields to match connection
# information against ips, netmasks, and complete domain names.
#
# To use this rule, you should enable it and
# populate allowed_{source,destination}_{ipaddrs,networks,domains} with the
# values that make sense for your environment.
# Note that this can be either individual IPs or netmasks
- list: allowed_outbound_destination_ipaddrs
items: ['"127.0.0.1"', '"8.8.8.8"']
- list: allowed_outbound_destination_networks
items: ['"127.0.0.1/8"']
- list: allowed_outbound_destination_domains
items: [google.com, www.yahoo.com]
- rule: Unexpected outbound connection destination
desc: Detect any outbound connection to a destination outside of an allowed set of ips, networks, or domain names
condition: >
outbound and not
((fd.sip in (allowed_outbound_destination_ipaddrs)) or
(fd.snet in (allowed_outbound_destination_networks)) or
(fd.sip.name in (allowed_outbound_destination_domains)))
enabled: false
output: Disallowed outbound connection destination (command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid connection=%fd.name user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: NOTICE
tags: [network]
- list: allowed_inbound_source_ipaddrs
items: ['"127.0.0.1"']
- list: allowed_inbound_source_networks
items: ['"127.0.0.1/8"', '"10.0.0.0/8"']
- list: allowed_inbound_source_domains
items: [google.com]
- rule: Unexpected inbound connection source
desc: Detect any inbound connection from a source outside of an allowed set of ips, networks, or domain names
condition: >
inbound and not
((fd.cip in (allowed_inbound_source_ipaddrs)) or
(fd.cnet in (allowed_inbound_source_networks)) or
(fd.cip.name in (allowed_inbound_source_domains)))
enabled: false
output: Disallowed inbound connection source (command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid connection=%fd.name user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: NOTICE
tags: [network]
- list: bash_config_filenames
items: [.bashrc, .bash_profile, .bash_history, .bash_login, .bash_logout, .inputrc, .profile]
- list: bash_config_files
items: [/etc/profile, /etc/bashrc]
# Covers both csh and tcsh
- list: csh_config_filenames
items: [.cshrc, .login, .logout, .history, .tcshrc, .cshdirs]
- list: csh_config_files
items: [/etc/csh.cshrc, /etc/csh.login]
- list: zsh_config_filenames
items: [.zshenv, .zprofile, .zshrc, .zlogin, .zlogout]
- list: shell_config_filenames
items: [bash_config_filenames, csh_config_filenames, zsh_config_filenames]
- list: shell_config_files
items: [bash_config_files, csh_config_files]
- list: shell_config_directories
items: [/etc/zsh]
- macro: user_known_shell_config_modifiers
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Modify Shell Configuration File
desc: Detect attempt to modify shell configuration files
condition: >
open_write and
(fd.filename in (shell_config_filenames) or
fd.name in (shell_config_files) or
fd.directory in (shell_config_directories))
and not proc.name in (shell_binaries)
and not exe_running_docker_save
and not user_known_shell_config_modifiers
output: >
a shell configuration file has been modified (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid pcmdline=%proc.pcmdline file=%fd.name container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority:
WARNING
tags: [file, mitre_persistence]
# This rule is not enabled by default, as there are many legitimate
# readers of shell config files.
- rule: Read Shell Configuration File
desc: Detect attempts to read shell configuration files by non-shell programs
condition: >
open_read and
(fd.filename in (shell_config_filenames) or
fd.name in (shell_config_files) or
fd.directory in (shell_config_directories)) and
(not proc.name in (shell_binaries))
enabled: false
output: >
a shell configuration file was read by a non-shell program (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid file=%fd.name container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority:
WARNING
tags: [file, mitre_discovery]
- macro: user_known_cron_jobs
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Schedule Cron Jobs
desc: Detect cron jobs scheduled
condition: >
((open_write and fd.name startswith /etc/cron) or
(spawned_process and proc.name = "crontab")) and
not user_known_cron_jobs
enabled: false
output: >
Cron jobs were scheduled to run (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid
file=%fd.name container_id=%container.id container_name=%container.name image=%container.image.repository:%container.image.tag)
priority:
NOTICE
tags: [file, mitre_persistence]
# Use this to test whether the event occurred within a container.
# When displaying container information in the output field, use
# %container.info, without any leading term (file=%fd.name
# %container.info user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid, and not file=%fd.name
# container=%container.info user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid). The output will change
# based on the context and whether or not -pk/-pm/-pc was specified on
# the command line.
- macro: container
condition: (container.id != host)
- macro: container_started
condition: >
((evt.type = container or
(spawned_process and proc.vpid=1)) and
container.image.repository != incomplete)
- macro: interactive
condition: >
((proc.aname=sshd and proc.name != sshd) or
proc.name=systemd-logind or proc.name=login)
- list: cron_binaries
items: [anacron, cron, crond, crontab]
# https://github.com/liske/needrestart
- list: needrestart_binaries
items: [needrestart, 10-dpkg, 20-rpm, 30-pacman]
# Possible scripts run by sshkit
- list: sshkit_script_binaries
items: [10_etc_sudoers., 10_passwd_group]
- list: plesk_binaries
items: [sw-engine, sw-engine-fpm, sw-engine-kv, filemng, f2bmng]
# System users that should never log into a system. Consider adding your own
# service users (e.g. 'apache' or 'mysqld') here.
- macro: system_users
condition: user.name in (bin, daemon, games, lp, mail, nobody, sshd, sync, uucp, www-data)
- macro: httpd_writing_ssl_conf
condition: >
(proc.pname=run-httpd and
(proc.cmdline startswith "sed -ri" or proc.cmdline startswith "sed -i") and
(fd.name startswith /etc/httpd/conf.d/ or fd.name startswith /etc/httpd/conf))
- macro: userhelper_writing_etc_security
condition: (proc.name=userhelper and fd.name startswith /etc/security)
- macro: ansible_running_python
condition: (proc.name in (python, pypy, python3) and proc.cmdline contains ansible)
- macro: python_running_chef
condition: (proc.name=python and (proc.cmdline contains yum-dump.py or proc.cmdline="python /usr/bin/chef-monitor.py"))
- macro: python_running_denyhosts
condition: >
(proc.name=python and
(proc.cmdline contains /usr/sbin/denyhosts or
proc.cmdline contains /usr/local/bin/denyhosts.py))
# Qualys seems to run a variety of shell subprocesses, at various
# levels. This checks at a few levels without the cost of a full
# proc.aname, which traverses the full parent hierarchy.
- macro: run_by_qualys
condition: >
(proc.pname=qualys-cloud-ag or
proc.aname[2]=qualys-cloud-ag or
proc.aname[3]=qualys-cloud-ag or
proc.aname[4]=qualys-cloud-ag)
- macro: run_by_sumologic_securefiles
condition: >
((proc.cmdline="usermod -a -G sumologic_collector" or
proc.cmdline="groupadd sumologic_collector") and
(proc.pname=secureFiles.sh and proc.aname[2]=java))
- macro: run_by_yum
condition: ((proc.pname=sh and proc.aname[2]=yum) or
(proc.aname[2]=sh and proc.aname[3]=yum))
- macro: run_by_ms_oms
condition: >
(proc.aname[3] startswith omsagent- or
proc.aname[3] startswith scx-)
- macro: run_by_google_accounts_daemon
condition: >
(proc.aname[1] startswith google_accounts or
proc.aname[2] startswith google_accounts or
proc.aname[3] startswith google_accounts)
# Chef is similar.
- macro: run_by_chef
condition: (proc.aname[2]=chef_command_wr or proc.aname[3]=chef_command_wr or
proc.aname[2]=chef-client or proc.aname[3]=chef-client or
proc.name=chef-client)
- macro: run_by_adclient
condition: (proc.aname[2]=adclient or proc.aname[3]=adclient or proc.aname[4]=adclient)
- macro: run_by_centrify
condition: (proc.aname[2]=centrify or proc.aname[3]=centrify or proc.aname[4]=centrify)
# Also handles running semi-indirectly via scl
- macro: run_by_foreman
condition: >
(user.name=foreman and
((proc.pname in (rake, ruby, scl) and proc.aname[5] in (tfm-rake,tfm-ruby)) or
(proc.pname=scl and proc.aname[2] in (tfm-rake,tfm-ruby))))
- macro: java_running_sdjagent
condition: proc.name=java and proc.cmdline contains sdjagent.jar
- macro: kubelet_running_loopback
condition: (proc.pname=kubelet and proc.name=loopback)
- macro: python_mesos_marathon_scripting
condition: (proc.pcmdline startswith "python3 /marathon-lb/marathon_lb.py")
- macro: splunk_running_forwarder
condition: (proc.pname=splunkd and proc.cmdline startswith "sh -c /opt/splunkforwarder")
- macro: parent_supervise_running_multilog
condition: (proc.name=multilog and proc.pname=supervise)
- macro: supervise_writing_status
condition: (proc.name in (supervise,svc) and fd.name startswith "/etc/sb/")
- macro: pki_realm_writing_realms
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "bash /usr/local/lib/pki/pki-realm" and fd.name startswith /etc/pki/realms)
- macro: htpasswd_writing_passwd
condition: (proc.name=htpasswd and fd.name=/etc/nginx/.htpasswd)
- macro: lvprogs_writing_conf
condition: >
(proc.name in (dmeventd,lvcreate,pvscan,lvs) and
(fd.name startswith /etc/lvm/archive or
fd.name startswith /etc/lvm/backup or
fd.name startswith /etc/lvm/cache))
- macro: ovsdb_writing_openvswitch
condition: (proc.name=ovsdb-server and fd.directory=/etc/openvswitch)
- macro: perl_running_plesk
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "perl /opt/psa/admin/bin/plesk_agent_manager" or
proc.pcmdline startswith "perl /opt/psa/admin/bin/plesk_agent_manager")
- macro: perl_running_updmap
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "perl /usr/bin/updmap")
- macro: perl_running_centrifydc
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "perl /usr/share/centrifydc")
- macro: runuser_reading_pam
condition: (proc.name=runuser and fd.directory=/etc/pam.d)
# CIS Linux Benchmark program
- macro: linux_bench_reading_etc_shadow
condition: ((proc.aname[2]=linux-bench and
proc.name in (awk,cut,grep)) and
(fd.name=/etc/shadow or
fd.directory=/etc/pam.d))
- macro: parent_ucf_writing_conf
condition: (proc.pname=ucf and proc.aname[2]=frontend)
- macro: consul_template_writing_conf
condition: >
((proc.name=consul-template and fd.name startswith /etc/haproxy) or
(proc.name=reload.sh and proc.aname[2]=consul-template and fd.name startswith /etc/ssl))
- macro: countly_writing_nginx_conf
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "nodejs /opt/countly/bin" and fd.name startswith /etc/nginx)
- list: ms_oms_binaries
items: [omi.postinst, omsconfig.posti, scx.postinst, omsadmin.sh, omiagent]
- macro: ms_oms_writing_conf
condition: >
((proc.name in (omiagent,omsagent,in_heartbeat_r*,omsadmin.sh,PerformInventor,dsc_host)
or proc.pname in (ms_oms_binaries)
or proc.aname[2] in (ms_oms_binaries))
and (fd.name startswith /etc/opt/omi or fd.name startswith /etc/opt/microsoft/omsagent))
- macro: ms_scx_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name in (GetLinuxOS.sh) and fd.name startswith /etc/opt/microsoft/scx)
- macro: azure_scripts_writing_conf
condition: (proc.pname startswith "bash /var/lib/waagent/" and fd.name startswith /etc/azure)
- macro: azure_networkwatcher_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name in (NetworkWatcherA) and fd.name=/etc/init.d/AzureNetworkWatcherAgent)
- macro: couchdb_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=beam.smp and proc.cmdline contains couchdb and fd.name startswith /etc/couchdb)
- macro: update_texmf_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=update-texmf and fd.name startswith /etc/texmf)
- macro: slapadd_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=slapadd and fd.name startswith /etc/ldap)
- macro: openldap_writing_conf
condition: (proc.pname=run-openldap.sh and fd.name startswith /etc/openldap)
- macro: ucpagent_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=apiserver and container.image.repository=docker/ucp-agent and fd.name=/etc/authorization_config.cfg)
- macro: iscsi_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=iscsiadm and fd.name startswith /etc/iscsi)
- macro: istio_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=pilot-agent and fd.name startswith /etc/istio)
- macro: symantec_writing_conf
condition: >
((proc.name=symcfgd and fd.name startswith /etc/symantec) or
(proc.name=navdefutil and fd.name=/etc/symc-defutils.conf))
- macro: liveupdate_writing_conf
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "java LiveUpdate" and fd.name in (/etc/liveupdate.conf, /etc/Product.Catalog.JavaLiveUpdate))
- macro: rancher_agent
condition: (proc.name=agent and container.image.repository contains "rancher/agent")
- macro: rancher_network_manager
condition: (proc.name=rancher-bridge and container.image.repository contains "rancher/network-manager")
- macro: sosreport_writing_files
condition: >
(proc.name=urlgrabber-ext- and proc.aname[3]=sosreport and
(fd.name startswith /etc/pkt/nssdb or fd.name startswith /etc/pki/nssdb))
- macro: pkgmgmt_progs_writing_pki
condition: >
(proc.name=urlgrabber-ext- and proc.pname in (yum, yum-cron, repoquery) and
(fd.name startswith /etc/pkt/nssdb or fd.name startswith /etc/pki/nssdb))
- macro: update_ca_trust_writing_pki
condition: (proc.pname=update-ca-trust and proc.name=trust and fd.name startswith /etc/pki)
- macro: brandbot_writing_os_release
condition: proc.name=brandbot and fd.name=/etc/os-release
- macro: selinux_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name in (semodule,genhomedircon,sefcontext_comp) and fd.name startswith /etc/selinux)
- list: veritas_binaries
items: [vxconfigd, sfcache, vxclustadm, vxdctl, vxprint, vxdmpadm, vxdisk, vxdg, vxassist, vxtune]
- macro: veritas_driver_script
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "perl /opt/VRTSsfmh/bin/mh_driver.pl")
- macro: veritas_progs
condition: (proc.name in (veritas_binaries) or veritas_driver_script)
- macro: veritas_writing_config
condition: (veritas_progs and (fd.name startswith /etc/vx or fd.name startswith /etc/opt/VRTS or fd.name startswith /etc/vom))
- macro: nginx_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name in (nginx,nginx-ingress-c,nginx-ingress) and (fd.name startswith /etc/nginx or fd.name startswith /etc/ingress-controller))
- macro: nginx_writing_certs
condition: >
(((proc.name=openssl and proc.pname=nginx-launch.sh) or proc.name=nginx-launch.sh) and fd.name startswith /etc/nginx/certs)
- macro: chef_client_writing_conf
condition: (proc.pcmdline startswith "chef-client /opt/gitlab" and fd.name startswith /etc/gitlab)
- macro: centrify_writing_krb
condition: (proc.name in (adjoin,addns) and fd.name startswith /etc/krb5)
- macro: sssd_writing_krb
condition: (proc.name=adcli and proc.aname[2]=sssd and fd.name startswith /etc/krb5)
- macro: cockpit_writing_conf
condition: >
((proc.pname=cockpit-kube-la or proc.aname[2]=cockpit-kube-la)
and fd.name startswith /etc/cockpit)
- macro: ipsec_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=start-ipsec.sh and fd.directory=/etc/ipsec)
- macro: exe_running_docker_save
condition: >
proc.name = "exe"
and (proc.cmdline contains "/var/lib/docker"
or proc.cmdline contains "/var/run/docker")
and proc.pname in (dockerd, docker, dockerd-current, docker-current)
# Ideally we'd have a length check here as well but
# filterchecks don't have operators like len()
- macro: sed_temporary_file
condition: (proc.name=sed and fd.name startswith "/etc/sed")
- macro: python_running_get_pip
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "python get-pip.py")
- macro: python_running_ms_oms
condition: (proc.cmdline startswith "python /var/lib/waagent/")
- macro: gugent_writing_guestagent_log
condition: (proc.name=gugent and fd.name=GuestAgent.log)
- macro: dse_writing_tmp
condition: (proc.name=dse-entrypoint and fd.name=/root/tmp__)
- macro: zap_writing_state
condition: (proc.name=java and proc.cmdline contains "jar /zap" and fd.name startswith /root/.ZAP)
- macro: airflow_writing_state
condition: (proc.name=airflow and fd.name startswith /root/airflow)
- macro: rpm_writing_root_rpmdb
condition: (proc.name=rpm and fd.directory=/root/.rpmdb)
- macro: maven_writing_groovy
condition: (proc.name=java and proc.cmdline contains "classpath /usr/local/apache-maven" and fd.name startswith /root/.groovy)
- macro: chef_writing_conf
condition: (proc.name=chef-client and fd.name startswith /root/.chef)
- macro: kubectl_writing_state
condition: (proc.name in (kubectl,oc) and fd.name startswith /root/.kube)
- macro: java_running_cassandra
condition: (proc.name=java and proc.cmdline contains "cassandra.jar")
- macro: cassandra_writing_state
condition: (java_running_cassandra and fd.directory=/root/.cassandra)
# Istio
- macro: galley_writing_state
condition: (proc.name=galley and fd.name in (known_istio_files))
- list: known_istio_files
items: [/healthready, /healthliveness]
- macro: calico_writing_state
condition: (proc.name=kube-controller and fd.name startswith /status.json and k8s.pod.name startswith calico)
- macro: calico_writing_envvars
condition: (proc.name=start_runit and fd.name startswith "/etc/envvars" and container.image.repository endswith "calico/node")
- list: repository_files
items: [sources.list]
- list: repository_directories
items: [/etc/apt/sources.list.d, /etc/yum.repos.d, /etc/apt]
- macro: access_repositories
condition: (fd.directory in (repository_directories) or
(fd.name pmatch (repository_directories) and
fd.filename in (repository_files)))
- macro: modify_repositories
condition: (evt.arg.newpath pmatch (repository_directories))
- macro: user_known_update_package_registry
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Update Package Repository
desc: Detect package repositories get updated
condition: >
((open_write and access_repositories) or (modify and modify_repositories))
and not package_mgmt_procs
and not package_mgmt_ancestor_procs
and not exe_running_docker_save
and not user_known_update_package_registry
output: >
Repository files get updated (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid pcmdline=%proc.pcmdline file=%fd.name newpath=%evt.arg.newpath container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority:
NOTICE
tags: [filesystem, mitre_persistence]
# Users should overwrite this macro to specify conditions under which a
# write under the binary dir is ignored. For example, it may be okay to
# install a binary in the context of a ci/cd build.
- macro: user_known_write_below_binary_dir_activities
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Write below binary dir
desc: an attempt to write to any file below a set of binary directories
condition: >
bin_dir and evt.dir = < and open_write
and not package_mgmt_procs
and not exe_running_docker_save
and not python_running_get_pip
and not python_running_ms_oms
and not user_known_write_below_binary_dir_activities
output: >
File below a known binary directory opened for writing (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid
command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid file=%fd.name parent=%proc.pname pcmdline=%proc.pcmdline gparent=%proc.aname[2] container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: ERROR
tags: [filesystem, mitre_persistence]
# If you'd like to generally monitor a wider set of directories on top
# of the ones covered by the rule Write below binary dir, you can use
# the following rule and lists.
- list: monitored_directories
items: [/boot, /lib, /lib64, /usr/lib, /usr/local/lib, /usr/local/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /root/.ssh]
- macro: user_ssh_directory
condition: (fd.name contains '/.ssh/' and fd.name glob '/home/*/.ssh/*')
- macro: directory_traversal
condition: (fd.nameraw contains '../' and fd.nameraw glob '*../*../*')
# google_accounts_(daemon)
- macro: google_accounts_daemon_writing_ssh
condition: (proc.name=google_accounts and user_ssh_directory)
- macro: cloud_init_writing_ssh
condition: (proc.name=cloud-init and user_ssh_directory)
- macro: mkinitramfs_writing_boot
condition: (proc.pname in (mkinitramfs, update-initramf) and fd.directory=/boot)
- macro: monitored_dir
condition: >
(fd.directory in (monitored_directories)
or user_ssh_directory)
and not mkinitramfs_writing_boot
# Add conditions to this macro (probably in a separate file,
# overwriting this macro) to allow for specific combinations of
# programs writing below monitored directories.
#
# Its default value is an expression that always is false, which
# becomes true when the "not ..." in the rule is applied.
- macro: user_known_write_monitored_dir_conditions
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Write below monitored dir
desc: an attempt to write to any file below a set of monitored directories
condition: >
evt.dir = < and open_write and monitored_dir
and not package_mgmt_procs
and not coreos_write_ssh_dir
and not exe_running_docker_save
and not python_running_get_pip
and not python_running_ms_oms
and not google_accounts_daemon_writing_ssh
and not cloud_init_writing_ssh
and not user_known_write_monitored_dir_conditions
output: >
File below a monitored directory opened for writing (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid
command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid file=%fd.name parent=%proc.pname pcmdline=%proc.pcmdline gparent=%proc.aname[2] container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: ERROR
tags: [filesystem, mitre_persistence]
# ******************************************************************************
# * "Directory traversal monitored file read" requires FALCO_ENGINE_VERSION 13 *
# ******************************************************************************
- rule: Directory traversal monitored file read
desc: >
Web applications can be vulnerable to directory traversal attacks that allow accessing files outside of the web app's root directory (e.g. Arbitrary File Read bugs).
System directories like /etc are typically accessed via absolute paths. Access patterns outside of this (here path traversal) can be regarded as suspicious.
This rule includes failed file open attempts.
condition: (open_read or open_file_failed) and (etc_dir or user_ssh_directory or fd.name startswith /root/.ssh or fd.name contains "id_rsa") and directory_traversal and not proc.pname in (shell_binaries)
enabled: true
output: >
Read monitored file via directory traversal (username=%user.name useruid=%user.uid user_loginuid=%user.loginuid program=%proc.name exe=%proc.exepath
command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid parent=%proc.pname file=%fd.name fileraw=%fd.nameraw parent=%proc.pname
gparent=%proc.aname[2] container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository returncode=%evt.res cwd=%proc.cwd)
priority: WARNING
tags: [filesystem, mitre_discovery, mitre_exfiltration, mitre_credential_access]
# This rule is disabled by default as many system management tools
# like ansible, etc can read these files/paths. Enable it using this macro.
- macro: user_known_read_ssh_information_activities
condition: (never_true)
- rule: Read ssh information
desc: Any attempt to read files below ssh directories by non-ssh programs
condition: >
((open_read or open_directory) and
(user_ssh_directory or fd.name startswith /root/.ssh) and
not user_known_read_ssh_information_activities and
not proc.name in (ssh_binaries))
enabled: false
output: >
ssh-related file/directory read by non-ssh program (user=%user.name user_loginuid=%user.loginuid
command=%proc.cmdline pid=%proc.pid file=%fd.name parent=%proc.pname pcmdline=%proc.pcmdline container_id=%container.id image=%container.image.repository)
priority: ERROR
tags: [filesystem, mitre_discovery]
- list: safe_etc_dirs
items: [/etc/cassandra, /etc/ssl/certs/java, /etc/logstash, /etc/nginx/conf.d, /etc/container_environment, /etc/hrmconfig, /etc/fluent/configs.d]
- macro: fluentd_writing_conf_files