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itstack-demo-netty-1 |
netty案例,netty4.1基础入门篇十二《简单实现一个基于Netty搭建的Http服务》 |
by 付政委 |
|
need |
作者:小傅哥
博客:https://bugstack.cn
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Netty不仅可以搭建Socket服务,也可以搭建Http、Https服务。本章节我们通过一个简单的入门案例,来了解Netty搭建的Http服务,在我们后续的Netty网关服务中会使用到这样的功能点。
超文本传输协议(HTTP,HyperText Transfer Protocol)是互联网上应用最为广泛的一种网络协议。
在后端开发中接触HTTP协议的比较多,目前大部分都是基于Servlet容器实现的Http服务,往往有一些核心子系统对性能的要求非常高,这个时候我们可以考虑采用NIO的网络模型来实现HTTP服务,以此提高性能和吞吐量,Netty除了开发网络应用非常方便,还内置了HTTP相关的编解码器,让用户可以很方便的开发出高性能的HTTP协议的服务,Spring Webflux默认是使用的Netty。
- jdk1.8【jdk1.7以下只能部分支持netty】
- Netty4.1.36.Final【netty3.x 4.x 5每次的变化较大,接口类名也随着变化】
- Postman接口调试器,可以从网上下载也可以联系我,微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 关注回复你的邮箱
itstack-demo-netty-1-12
└── src
├── main
│ └── java
│ └── org.itstack.demo.netty
│ └── server
│ ├── MyChannelInitializer.java
│ ├── MyClientHandler.java
│ └── NettyServer.java
└── test
└── java
└── org.itstack.demo.netty.test
└── ApiTest.java
server/MyChannelInitializer.java | 添加了Http的处理协议
/**
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*/
public class MyChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) {
// 数据解码操作
channel.pipeline().addLast(new HttpResponseEncoder());
// 数据编码操作
channel.pipeline().addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder());
// 在管道中添加我们自己的接收数据实现方法
channel.pipeline().addLast(new MyServerHandler());
}
}
server/MyClientHandler.java | 模版代码基本没变,和其他的代码类似
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* 公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 {获取学习源码}
* Create by fuzhengwei on 2019
*/
public class MyServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
if (msg instanceof HttpRequest) {
DefaultHttpRequest request = (DefaultHttpRequest) msg;
System.out.println("URI:" + request.getUri());
System.err.println(msg);
}
if (msg instanceof HttpContent) {
LastHttpContent httpContent = (LastHttpContent) msg;
ByteBuf byteData = httpContent.content();
if (!(byteData instanceof EmptyByteBuf)) {
//接收msg消息
byte[] msgByte = new byte[byteData.readableBytes()];
byteData.readBytes(msgByte);
System.out.println(new String(msgByte, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
}
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FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,
HttpResponseStatus.OK,
Unpooled.wrappedBuffer(sendMsg.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8"))));
response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_TYPE, "text/plain;charset=UTF-8");
response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONTENT_LENGTH, response.content().readableBytes());
response.headers().set(HttpHeaderNames.CONNECTION, HttpHeaderValues.KEEP_ALIVE);
ctx.write(response);
ctx.flush();
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
ctx.flush();
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
ctx.close();
cause.printStackTrace();
}
}
server/NettyServer.java | 模版代码基本没变,和其他的代码类似
/**
* 虫洞栈:https://bugstack.cn
* 公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 {获取学习源码}
* Create by fuzhengwei on 2019
*/
public class NettyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new NettyServer().bing(7397);
}
private void bing(int port) {
//配置服务端NIO线程组
EventLoopGroup parentGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); //NioEventLoopGroup extends MultithreadEventLoopGroup Math.max(1, SystemPropertyUtil.getInt("io.netty.eventLoopThreads", NettyRuntime.availableProcessors() * 2));
EventLoopGroup childGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(parentGroup, childGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) //非阻塞模式
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
.childHandler(new MyChannelInitializer());
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();
System.out.println("itstack-demo-netty server start done. {关注公众号:bugstack虫洞栈,获取源码}");
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
childGroup.shutdownGracefully();
parentGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
启动NettyServer
itstack-demo-netty server start done. {关注公众号:bugstack虫洞栈,获取源码}
URI:/
DefaultHttpRequest(decodeResult: success, version: HTTP/1.1)
GET / HTTP/1.1
cache-control: no-cache
Postman-Token: 28f37dfb-bb5a-4cb2-ae7a-87cf6cda900c
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.6.0
Accept: */*
Host: localhost:7397
accept-encoding: gzip, deflate
content-type: multipart/form-data; boundary=--------------------------359056973355668947377349
content-length: 226
Connection: keep-alive
----------------------------359056973355668947377349
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="msg"
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----------------------------359056973355668947377349--
Process finished with exit code -1
Postman访问;http://localhost:7397 并设置参数
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