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emulators

Emulators for 8080-, 6502, Z80 and TMS1000-family CPUs.

All components/modules/projects are a work in progress and by no means feature complete

  • 8080: 8080/8085 Emulator (from https://github.com/hotkeysoft/pfe_cpu8085)

  • 6502

    • CPU Core, passes standard tests for documented instructions
    • PET 2001 emulation
      • BASIC v1/2/4
      • Load/Save to cassette tape (wip, barely works with raw audio files)
      • Load PRG files
      • Sound
        • 1 bit square wave
      • Video
        • 40 column models with no CRTC only
      • Compatibility
        • Loaded a lot of BASIC games and most seemed to work file
    • VIC20 emulation
      • RAM configurations: 5,8,16,24,32K
      • VIC Chip
        • Video (NTSC/PAL timings)
        • Sound
      • Load PRG files
      • Load/Save to tape (barely, see PET)
      • Compatibility
        • Tested with multiples game cartridges, a lot of games seem to work fine

  • 6809 (wip)

    • CPU Mostly complete (a few missing opcodes such as DAA)
    • Thomson Computers Emulation
      • Thomson MO5
        • Video (custom gate array)
        • Sound (1 bit square wave)
        • Light pen
        • Cartridges
        • Tape emulation, glitchy
      • Thomson TO7
        • Pretty much same features implemented as MO5
        • 8 KB + optional 16KB RAM extension
        • Light pen not working (yet)

  • 🆕68000 (wip)

    • CPU Instructions mostly complete
      • Next to no timings
      • Very not cycle accurate
    • 🆕Macintosh 128k (wip)
      • Completely boots to desktop with stock ROM
      • Some apps work
        • A lot crash with an address error... (including MacPaint)
      • Video
      • Sound (PCM)
      • Mouse (a bit glitchy)
      • No keyboard yet
      • No RTC yet
      • VIA (partial)
      • SCC (bare minimum for mouse support)
      • 400k floppy drive emulation (internal & external)
        • IWM, PWM speed control
        • Loads raw image files
        • Read speed probably not accurate
        • No write

  • Z80

    • CPU Mostly complete, passes standard test suite
    • Barebones ZX80 emulation
    • Barebones ZX Spectrum emulation
    • Amstrad CPC Emulation
      • CPC464, CPC664, CPC6128
        • 64K/128K+ configurations
      • Digital joystick (single)
      • Video (Gate Array, 6845 CRTC)
        • Graphics Modes 0-3
        • Fancy stuff probably not working
      • Sound (AY-3-8912)
        • Three square wave voices
        • Noise channel (probably not accurate nor well mixed)
        • Envelope channel, wip
      • Floppy emulation
        • Load .DSK image files (simple images formats only)
      • Tape emulation (same bad tape engine that only loads raw files)
    • Colecovision Emulation
      • Load 8/16/24/32K ROM Cartridges
      • Digital joystick (single) with keypad (keyboard numeric pad)
      • Sound (SN76489)
      • Video (TMS9918)
        • Mode 1/2 (Text and multicolor modes not implemented)
        • Sprites
      • Compatibility
        • Tested with multiples game cartridges, a lot of games seem to work fine

  • 8086: 8086/8088/80186/80286 Emulator + IBM PC components

    • Most opcodes implemented + some undocumented

    • Timing / sync between clocked components

      • No RAM wait states
      • CPU is not cycle accurate but "good enough"

    • Partial implementation of debugger/monitor in console

    • Serial Mouse emulation

      • Scroll-lock key to enable/disable capture
        • Needs to be configurable, easies to disable capture
      • Overlay status button shows capture status
        • Clicking the button enables capture (use scroll-lock to disengage)
      • This is a real low level emulation, not a bios thing, so you need a mouse driver

    • Floppy emulation

      • Most standard image sizes auto detected (160/180/320/360/720/1.2/1.44)
      • Partial command set (read/write, no format or more obscure commands)

    • Hard drive emulation

      • Two image size supported (20M/33M)
        • Recommend that two images are always loaded, otherwise boot takes ages while looking for second drive... (see if this can be fixed)
        • If not using hard disks, disable controller in config file for faster boot
      • Partial command set (read/write, no format or more obscure commands)

    • IBM PC/XT (5160)

      • Loads original BIOS ROM (passes POST except 301 error)
      • Boots various versions of PC/MS-DOS
      • Various games load from floppy & hdd
      • Partial emulation of components
        • Keyboard
        • μPD765A Floppy drive controller
        • WD1002S (or compatible rom) Hard drive controller
        • 8237 DMA controller (for floppy)
        • 8259 IRQ controller, no exotic modes
        • 8254 Timer (clock, sound. Modes 1-4)
        • 8255 Peripheral Interface
        • CGA graphics
          • 6845 CRT Controller
          • CGA text modes
          • CGA graphic modes (except 16 color composite)
        • MDA graphics (Monochrome display adapter)
        • HGC graphics (Hercules, 720x348 monochrome)
        • EGA graphics
          • Runs original IBM EGA BIOS
          • EGA native modes: 320x200x16, 640x350x16
          • Emulated modes (CGA/MDA) can be set in config file
          • Mostly complete, need more extensive tests. Some issues:
            • Glitchy scrolling in some games
        • VGA graphics
          • Runs original IBM VGA BIOS (post error)
          • Mostly complete, need more extensive tests.
        • Sound
          • PC Speaker
          • CMS/Game Blaster (wip)
          • Disney Sound Source (wip)
          • Tandy/PCjr (SN76489, see Tandy/PCjr sections)

    • IBM PC/AT (5170)

      • Loads original BIOS ROM (passes POST, except for some config mismatches)
      • Boots various versions of PC/MS-DOS
      • Various games load from floppy & hdd
      • Fixed ~8MHz CPU speed for now (IBM BIOS does a speed test...)
        • A bit slower than fastest XT (~14MHz) so choose wisely
      • Partial emulation of components
        • 80286 CPU
          • Real mode: mostly complete
          • Protected mode: Enough to pass POST + a bit more
          • LOADALL
        • 8042 Keyboard Controller
        • 2nd DMA Controller (unused)
        • Video: CGA/MDA/HGC/EGA/VGA (see XT section)
        • Sound: PC Speaker / CMS / DSS
          • No Tandy/PCjr sound on AT (port conflict)

    • IBM PCjr

      • Loads original BIOS ROM (passes POST)
      • Shares many components w/XT (8254, 8255, 8259, fdc, speaker)
      • Some cartridge games work
      • Floppy loads some booter games
      • Many versions of DOS give COMMAND.COM memory error, TODO
      • Additional or PCjr-specific components
        • 8250 UART, only for POST test at the moment
        • Cartridges (no dynamic load)
        • Floppy (no DMA/IRQ, watchdog)
        • Keyboard (serial data stream)
        • PCjr graphics
          • Map B800 window in main memory
          • Special modes, indexed colors

    • Tandy 1000

      • Loads original Tandy 1000 (base model) BIOS ROM (passes POST)
      • Shares components w/XT (8254, 8255, 8259, fdc, hdd, speaker)
      • 360Kx2 floppy drives
      • Loads MS-DOS 2.11 (Tandy version)
      • Loads and runs Deskmate 1.01
      • Runs many games from floppy or hard disk
      • Additional Tandy 1000 components
        • Base/video RAM relocation
        • Keyboard (different mapping, busy flag)
        • TGA graphics (mostly compatible with CGA and PCjr)

    • Sound module: SN76489

      • PCjr, Tandy (usable in XT, but disabled)
      • 3 voices + noise channel
      • Mostly working

    • Joystick support

      • Uses first connected game controller
      • X-Y analog stick, A-B buttons

  • TMS1000: TMS1000/1100/1400/1700 Emulator (used in old electronic games)

    • Simple monitor
    • Simple front-end to test for the following games:
      • Simon (Milton Bradley)
      • Merlin / Master Merlin (Parker Brothers)
      • Split Second (Parker Brothers)
      • Pocket Repeat (Radio Shack)
    • Emulator core is portable and used in three Arduino Atmega328p projects

  • Common (shared between projects)

    • Config file support (config/config.ini)
      • architecture, base ram, video mode, monitor, log levels
    • Terminal window + Display in separate SDL window
    • Snapshots of CPU+RAM+Most component states
      • Exception: storage (floppy/hdd) not persisted
      • Restore snapshots with different hardware configuration
        • Minimally tested
    • GUI Overlay
      • Frame rate indicator
      • Soft/hard restart (shift for hard)
      • Load/eject floppies
      • Swap hard drives (need reboot)
      • Load/Restore snapshot
        • Can browse all snapshots (shift-click restore button)
        • Edit snapshot: Add description, delete
      • Toggle clock speed, warp mode
      • Joystick trimming/fine adjust

Compatibility (PC emulator)

(I need to make a compatibility grid)

A lot of old XT games work fine:

  • Bootable floppies
    • Mostly old arcade games (Montezuma, Tapper, etc)
  • DOS Games
    • Most AGI/SCI Sierra games (CGA/EGA/Tandy)
      • Save states are awesome for annoying "arcade" sections, quicker than F5/F7 spamming
      • Space Quest I-III (100%)
      • Leisure Suit Larry I-III (100%)
      • King's Quest I-IV (not played through)
      • Police Quest I-IV (not played through)
      • Quest For Glory I-II (not played through)
      • Some VGA Games booted (SQ1VGA, PQ1VGA, SQ4, LSL5, etc)
        • A bit too slow on to be fun
    • A lot of Apogee games
      • Jerky scroll issues in Commander Keen
    • Misc other games in no particular order (not thoroughly tested but seem to work fine): Another World, Prince of Persia, Ys, Monkey Island (both CGA/EGA + VGA versions), Arkanoid 1&2, Thexder 1&2, Bard's Tales 1&2, Les Manley Lost in LA/Search for the King, Eye of the Beholder, Rick Dangerous, Lemmings, Simpsons Arcade Game, Jill of the Jungle, Tunnels of Armageddon, Moon Base, SimCity (original), FlixMix, Populous, Kyrandia
    • The "fanciest" games it runs on AT/286:
      • Wolfenstein 3D (AT/286)
      • Alone in the Dark
        • Both are slow and need Adlib to be fun...
    • Windows
      • Windows 1&2 seem to work
      • Unable to make Windows 3.0+ working at the moment

TODO

  • Merge common code
    • Started
  • Document the installation, files/directories required
    • Maybe make an installer for the PC emulator
    • Make emulator more robust/verbose when basics things are missing (roms, directories, etc)
  • PC: Fix annoying crash on soft reboot, only hard reboot works at the moment (shift-reboot in the GUI overlay)
  • Split emulators in different repositories (still debating)
  • Adlib... started, I hate FM sound (well, not the sound, but the understanding/coding part)
  • Compatibility grid for PC games
  • Screenshots and stuff
  • Window scaling is... not the best. Certainly not pixel accurate. Need to take borders into account in calculations