"\citet{}"生成的结果之间的逗号”Phillips (2001a,b)“之间的空格不需要么？

[earthmoon]

您好，
\citet命令生成的结果，中间逗号后没有空格，但是\citep命令又有空格。这是什么原因呢？

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@article{phillips2001,
  title = {Uncertainty in Source Partitioning Using Stable Isotopes},
  author = {Phillips, Donald L. and Gregg, Jillian W.},
  date = {2001-04},
  journaltitle = {Oecologia},
  shortjournal = {Oecologia},
  volume = {127},
  number = {2},
  pages = {171--179},
  issn = {0029-8549, 1432-1939},
  doi = {10.1007/s004420000578},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Read},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\IXQH7LNP\Phillips and Gregg - 2001 - Uncertainty in source partitioning using stable is.pdf}
}

@article{phillips2001a,
  title = {Mixing Models in Analyses of Diet Using Multiple Stable Isotopes: A Critique},
  shorttitle = {Mixing Models in Analyses of Diet Using Multiple Stable Isotopes},
  author = {Phillips, Donald L.},
  date = {2001-04},
  journaltitle = {Oecologia},
  shortjournal = {Oecologia},
  volume = {127},
  number = {2},
  pages = {166--170},
  issn = {0029-8549, 1432-1939},
  doi = {10.1007/s004420000571},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Read},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\C38ABJXT\Phillips - 2001 - Mixing models in analyses of diet using multiple s.pdf}
}

@article{phillips2002,
  title = {Incorporating Concentration Dependence in Stable Isotope Mixing Models},
  author = {Phillips, Donald L. and Koch, Paul L.},
  date = {2002-01},
  journaltitle = {Oecologia},
  shortjournal = {Oecologia},
  volume = {130},
  number = {1},
  pages = {114--125},
  issn = {0029-8549, 1432-1939},
  doi = {10.1007/s004420100786},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Read},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\D4BHDIF8\Phillips and Koch - 2002 - Incorporating concentration dependence in stable i.pdf}
}

@article{phillips2012,
  title = {Converting Isotope Values to Diet Composition: The Use of Mixing Models},
  shorttitle = {Converting Isotope Values to Diet Composition},
  author = {Phillips, Donald L.},
  date = {2001-04-30},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Mammalogy},
  shortjournal = {J Mammal},
  volume = {93},
  number = {2},
  pages = {342--352},
  issn = {0022-2372, 1545-1542},
  doi = {10.1644/11-MAMM-S-158.1},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Read},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\R3SRL5XN\Phillips - 2012 - Converting isotope values to diet composition the.pdf}
}



@article{wu2018t,
  title = {Temporal and Spatial Variability of Phytoplankton in {{Lake Poyang}}: {{The}} Largest Freshwater Lake in {{China}}},
  shorttitle = {Temporal and Spatial Variability of Phytoplankton in {{Lake Poyang}}},
  author = {Wu, Zhaoshi and Cai, Yongjiu and Liu, Xia and Xu, Cai Ping and Chen, Yuwei and Zhang, Lu},
  date = {2018-09},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Great Lakes Research},
  shortjournal = {Journal of Great Lakes Research},
  volume = {39},
  number = {3},
  pages = {476--483},
  issn = {03801330},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.008},
  urldate = {2023-07-19},
}

@article{wu2018c,
  title = {Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneities in Water Quality and Their Potential Drivers in {{Lake Poyang}} ({{China}}) from 2009 to 2015},
  author = {Wu, Zhaoshi and Cai, Yongjiu and Zhang, Lu and Chen, Yuwei},
  date = {2018-03},
  journaltitle = {Limnologica},
  shortjournal = {Limnologica},
  volume = {69},
  pages = {115--124},
  issn = {00759511},
  doi = {10.1016/j.limno.2017.12.001},
  urldate = {2023-07-19},
  langid = {english},
}

@article{wu2018d,
  title = {Assessing River Water Quality Using Water Quality Index in {{Lake Taihu Basin}}, {{China}}},
  author = {Wu, Zhaoshi and Wang, Xiaolong and Chen, Yuwei and Cai, Yongjiu and Deng, Jiancai},
  date = {2018-01},
  journaltitle = {Science of The Total Environment},
  shortjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},
  volume = {612},
  pages = {914--922},
  issn = {00489697},
  doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.293},
  urldate = {2023-07-19},
  langid = {english},
}


@article{chen2012,
  title = {Occurrence and Distribution of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Aquatic Environments: A Comparative Study of Regions in {{China}} with Different Urbanization Levels},
  shorttitle = {Occurrence and Distribution of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Aquatic Environments},
  author = {Chen, Hong and Li, Xiaojuan and Zhu, Saichang},
  date = {2012-07},
  journaltitle = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},
  shortjournal = {Environ Sci Pollut Res},
  volume = {19},
  number = {6},
  pages = {2381--2389},
  issn = {0944-1344, 1614-7499},
  doi = {10.1007/s11356-012-0750-2},
  langid = {english}
}

@article{chen2012a,
  title = {Climatic Warming and Overgrazing Induced the High Concentration of Organic Matter in {{Lake Hulun}}, a Large Shallow Eutrophic Steppe Lake in Northern {{China}}},
  author = {Chen, Xiaofeng and Chuai, Xiaoming and Yang, Liuyan and Zhao, Huiying},
  date = {2012-08-01},
  journaltitle = {Science of The Total Environment},
  shortjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},
  volume = {431},
  pages = {332--338},
  issn = {0048-9697},
  doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.052},
  abstract = {An abnormally high concentration of organic matter (OM) in Lake Hulun, a large shallow eutrophic lake located in the sparsely populated Hulun Buir Steppe, was observed in a field investigation. Little was known about the origin of the OM. To identify the source of the OM in Lake Hulun, the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, natural abundance of stable isotope and three dimensional excitation emission matrix (3DEEM) fluorescence spectroscopy techniques were employed. Furthermore, a cyanobacterial incubation and degradation experiment was conducted in the laboratory to quantify the contribution of algae to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Lake Hulun. C/N, the stable carbon isotope (δ13C) values typical of C3 plant debris in particulate organic matter (POM) and the fluorescence indices of DOM indicate that most of the OM in Lake Hulun is of terrigenous origin. It was deduced that only about 10.2\% and 7.3\% of DOM were contributed by algae in September and January, respectively, according to the linear correlation between the concentrations of algae-derived DOM and the fluorescence intensities of tyrosine-like matter. According to the stockbreeding development and climate change in Hunlun Buir Steppe, we deduced that the destruction of the grassland ecosystem by overgrazing in specific locations and trends in climatic warming and drying were the main factors causing the increase of OM and nutrient concentrations in Lake Hulun. This result highlights the need to pay more attention to the inputs of terrigenous organic matter to the lakes in northern China.},
  keywords = {Climate change,Lake Hulun,Organic matter,Overgrazing,Source identification},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\C2DU2IXI\S0048969712007346.html}
}

@article{chen2012b,
  title = {Integrated Management of Nutrients from the Watershed to Coast in the Subtropical Region},
  author = {Chen, Nengwang and Hong, Huasheng},
  date = {2012-05-01},
  journaltitle = {Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability},
  shortjournal = {Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability},
  series = {Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {233--242},
  issn = {1877-3435},
  doi = {10.1016/j.cosust.2012.03.007},
  abstract = {This paper is a brief review on nutrient variation (changes in element concentrations and ratios) and the associated aquatic ecosystem responses in the subtropical region. Human activities have significantly modified both the flux and the ratio of nutrients delivered to aquatic ecosystems. Climate perturbations influence the hydrological regime and enhance nutrient mineralization and transport from land to receiving waters. Changes in land use and damming have resulted in changes in the balance among nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon elements, thus increasing the risk of algal bloom. Nutrient variation and its ecological effects in the subtropical region could be more significant than in other areas because of rapid development and high population. Aquatic ecosystems respond to nutrient variation in complex and dynamic ways resulting in eutrophication, hypoxia/anoxia, acidification, and changes in phytoplankton and microbial communities. This review suggests that harmful algal bloom, jellyfish bloom, and serious pathogens are often associated with nutrient variations. The current challenges to scientific research and management include the facts that (1) the link between nutrient dynamics and ecosystem responses is poorly understood; (2) monitoring data to support modeling and management are scarce; (3) aquatic ecosystems are site-specific and/or situation-specific and are highly dynamic, giving greater complexity in research and management; and (4) the lack of regional coordination in traditional management causes transboundary gaps. To address these current challenges, an integrated management framework was proposed for effective nutrient management. Institutional arrangements should be developed to coordinate across multiple government agencies and other stakeholders from watershed to coast. The framework should integrate an interdisciplinary scientific approach and adaptive principles regarding nutrient management.},
  file = {D\:\\Zotero\\storage\\839A456P\\Chen and Hong - 2012 - Integrated management of nutrients from the waters.pdf;D\:\\Zotero\\storage\\4YUNDDDK\\S1877343512000395.html}
}

@article{chen2013,
  title = {Environmental Changes in {{Chaohu Lake}} (Southeast, {{China}}) since the Mid 20th Century: {{The}} Interactive Impacts of Nutrients, Hydrology and Climate},
  shorttitle = {Environmental Changes in {{Chaohu Lake}} (Southeast, {{China}}) since the Mid 20th Century},
  author = {Chen, Xu and Yang, Xiangdong and Dong, Xuhui and Liu, Enfeng},
  date = {2013-01},
  journaltitle = {Limnologica},
  shortjournal = {Limnologica},
  volume = {43},
  number = {1},
  pages = {10--17},
  issn = {00759511},
  doi = {10.1016/j.limno.2012.03.002},
  langid = {english}
}

@article{chen2016b,
  title = {Groundwater {{Nitrate Contamination}} and {{Associated Health Risk}} for the {{Rural Communities}} in an {{Agricultural Area}} of {{Ningxia}}, {{Northwest China}}},
  author = {Chen, Jie and Wu, Hao and Qian, Hui},
  date = {2016-09-01},
  journaltitle = {Exposure and Health},
  shortjournal = {Expo Health},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {349--359},
  issn = {2451-9685},
  doi = {10.1007/s12403-016-0208-8},
  abstract = {The present study was carried out to evaluate the nitrate contamination in the shallow groundwater and to ascertain the associated health impact on the rural communities in the agricultural area of northwest China. A total of 86 groundwater samples were collected from private wells in rural areas where the groundwater is the main source of drinking water. Statistical analysis indicates that the concentrations of NO3–N in groundwater range from 0.49 to 62.20~mg/L with a mean of 12.15~±~12.92~mg/L. 40.7~\% of groundwater samples are unfit for drinking purpose because of high nitrate concentrations that have exceeded the permissible limits recommended by the WHO and Chinese drinking water standards. Elevated NO3–N levels found in the study area may be attributed to the increased fertilizer rate, intensive irrigation, shallow groundwater depth, high permeability of soil, poor sanitation facilities, and bare infrastructures. Furthermore, non-carcinogenic risk of nitrate incurred by drinking contaminated groundwater in the area was estimated by using the USEPA human health risk assessment method. Only eight and four samples with high nitrate concentrations belong to the domains of the hazard index~{$>$}1 for infants and adults, respectively, indicating the higher health risk in these sampling sites. This study will be useful to develop effective strategies for improving rural drinking water supply and provide scientific evidence for decision and management of the groundwater.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Drinking water,Groundwater,Health risks,Nitrate,Northwest China,Rural area},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\LUZSJP8R\Chen et al. - 2016 - Groundwater Nitrate Contamination and Associated H.pdf}
}

@article{chen2017,
  title = {Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Sources of {{Pb}} Identified by Stable Isotopic Ratios in Sediments from the {{Yangtze River Estuary}} and Adjacent Areas},
  author = {Chen, Bin and Liu, Jian and Hu, Limin and Liu, Ming and Wang, Liang and Zhang, Xilin and Fan, Dejiang},
  date = {2017-02},
  journaltitle = {Science of The Total Environment},
  shortjournal = {Science of The Total Environment},
  volume = {580},
  pages = {936--945},
  issn = {00489697},
  doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.042},
  langid = {english}
}

@article{chen2017a,
  title = {Mangroves as a Major Source of Soil Carbon Storage in Adjacent Seagrass Meadows},
  author = {Chen, Guangcheng and Azkab, Muhammad Husni and Chmura, Gail L. and Chen, Shunyang and Sastrosuwondo, Pramudji and Ma, Zhiyuan and Dharmawan, I. Wayan Eka and Yin, Xijie and Chen, Bin},
  date = {2017-02-10},
  journaltitle = {Scientific Reports},
  shortjournal = {Sci Rep},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {42406},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2045-2322},
  doi = {10.1038/srep42406},
  abstract = {Mangrove forests have the potential to export carbon to adjacent ecosystems but whether mangrove-derived organic carbon (OC) would enhance the soil OC storage in seagrass meadows adjacent to mangroves is unclear. In this study we examine the potential for the contribution of mangrove OC to seagrass soils on the coast of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. We found that seagrass meadows adjacent to mangroves had significantly higher soil OC concentrations, soil OC with lower δ 13C, and lower bulk density than those at the non-mangrove adjacent meadows. Soil OC storage to 30\,cm depth ranged from 3.21 to 6.82\,kg\,C m−2, and was also significantly higher at the mangrove adjacent meadows than those non-adjacent meadows. δ13C analyses revealed that mangrove OC contributed 34 to 83\% to soil OC at the mangrove adjacent meadows. The δ13C value of seagrass plants was also different between the seagrasses adjacent to mangroves and those which were not, with lower values measured at the seagrasses adjacent to mangroves. Moreover, we found significant spatial variation in both soil OC concentration and storage, with values decreasing toward sea, and the contribution of mangrove-derived carbon also reduced with distance from the forest.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Carbon cycle,Ecosystem services,Tropical ecology},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\K992HR4T\Chen et al. - 2017 - Mangroves as a major source of soil carbon storage.pdf}
}

@article{chen2017c,
  title = {Assessing {{Nitrate}} and {{Fluoride Contaminants}} in {{Drinking Water}} and {{Their Health Risk}} of {{Rural Residents Living}} in a {{Semiarid Region}} of {{Northwest China}}},
  author = {Chen, Jie and Wu, Hao and Qian, Hui and Gao, Yanyan},
  date = {2017-09-01},
  journaltitle = {Exposure and Health},
  shortjournal = {Expo Health},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {183--195},
  issn = {2451-9685},
  doi = {10.1007/s12403-016-0231-9},
  abstract = {High levels of nitrate and fluoride in drinking water can affect human health. In the present study, statistical and correlation analyses were carried out to assess nitrate and fluoride contamination in groundwater in Zhongning area, Northwest China, where rural residents totally depend on groundwater for drinking. The associated health risks for different age groups (infants, children, adult female, and male) were assessed based on the USEPA model. Results show that NO3–N and F− concentrations in groundwater are in the ranges of 2.66–103 and 0.11–6.33~mg/L, respectively. Of the 50 samples, 30 and four samples have high NO3–N and F− levels exceeding the acceptable limits for drinking purpose recommended by the WHO (10 and 1.5~mg/L), respectively. Enrichment of nitrate contamination is primarily due to the human activities, and dissolution of fluorite is the primary source of fluoride in the groundwater. Correlation values of NO3–N and F− with other chemicals have further confirmed the sources of contaminant in groundwater. Infants are the most vulnerable groups through ingestion pathway. As per the obtained hazard index, majority of the samples (72 and 60~\%) may pose adverse effects on infants and children, but the proportions are relatively lower for adult female and male (28 and 22~\%). These finding suggest that there is an instant need to take ameliorative steps in this region to prevent the residents from nitrate and fluoride exposure through ingestion.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Drinking water safety,Fluoride,Groundwater,Health risk,Nitrate,Rural resident},
  file = {D:\Zotero\storage\3GRIS593\Chen et al. - 2017 - Assessing Nitrate and Fluoride Contaminants in Dri.pdf}
}

@article{yue2013,
  title = {Using Dual Isotopes to Evaluate Sources and Transformation of Nitrogen in the {{Liao River}}, Northeast {{China}}},
  author = {Yue, Fu-Jun and Li, Si-Liang and Liu, Cong-Qiang and Zhao, Zhi-Qi and Hu, Jian},
  date = {2013-09-01},
  journaltitle = {Applied Geochemistry},
  shortjournal = {Applied Geochemistry},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {1--9},
  issn = {0883-2927},
  doi = {10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.06.009},
  abstract = {The Liao River Basin is one of seven primary river Basins in China. The concentration of dissolved inorganic N (DIN), dual isotopes of NO3- using the denitrifier method, the N isotopes of NH4+ and the N flux in the basin were determined to identify the sources of N and their transformation. The results show that NO3- ranges from 0.3μmol/L to 1316μmol/L. In general, NO3- is the dominant inorganic N species during both flow seasons, but the fraction of NO3-/DIN is variable and high NH4+ is present in some waters. Samples collected from the up-stream portion of the Liao River typically had N isotope values of {$<$}+8‰, while those from the middle and lower portions had values of {$>$}+8‰ during the high flow season. Most water samples had O isotope values of {$<$}+10‰ during the high flow season. During the low flow season, the ranges of N and O isotopic values were limited, with average values of +10.3‰ and +4.9‰, respectively. There is a wider isotopic range of NO3- during the high flow season than the low flow season. The isotopic pattern of NO3- suggests that wastewater and soil organic N are the sources of NO4+ during the high flow season, while wastewater is the main source during low flow season. It appears that no intense denitrification occurs in the river according to the isotopic and chemical data. The N flux of the Liao River system entering the Liao Dong Bay annually is nearly 7.0×104tons, which amounts to 5.0\% of the N from chemical fertilizers used in this basin.},
}

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\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}


\begin{document}

\citet{phillips2001, phillips2001a, phillips2002, phillips2012}

\cite{wu2018t} %Wu, Zhaoshi and Cai, Yongjiu and Liu, Xia

\citep{wu2018d} %Wu, Zhaoshi and Wang, Xiaolong and Chen, Yuwei

\citep{wu2018c} %Wu, Zhaoshi and Cai, Yongjiu and Zhang, Lu


\citep{yue2013}

\citet{chen2012, chen2012a, chen2012b, chen2013, chen2016b, chen2017, chen2017a, chen2017c}

\printbibliography

 \end{document} 

谢谢！