simpledisplay.d

// Please note when compiling on Win64, you need to explicitly list
// `-Lgdi32.lib -Luser32.lib` on the build command. If you want the Windows
// subsystem too, use `-L/subsystem:windows -L/entry:mainCRTStartup`
//
// On Mac, when compiling with X11, you need XQuartz and -L-L/usr/X11R6/lib passed to dmd.
/*
	FIXME:

	Text layout needs a lot of work. Plain drawText is useful but too
	limited. It will need some kind of text context thing which it will
	update and you can pass it on and get more details out of it.

	It will need a bounding box, a current cursor location that is updated
	as drawing continues, and various changable facts (which can also be
	changed on the painter i guess) like font, color, size, background,
	etc.

	We can also fetch the carat location from it somehow.

	Should prolly be an overload of drawText

		blink taskbar / demand attention cross platform. FlashWindow and demandAttention

		WS_EX_NOACTIVATE
		WS_CHILD - owner and owned vs parent and child. Does X have something similar?
		full screen windows. Can just set the atom on X. Windows will be harder.

		moving windows. resizing windows.

		hide cursor, capture cursor, change cursor.

	REMEMBER: simpledisplay does NOT have to do everything! It just needs to make
	sure the pieces are there to do its job easily and make other jobs possible.
*/

/++
	simpledisplay.d provides basic cross-platform GUI-related functionality,
	including creating windows, drawing on them, working with the clipboard,
	timers, OpenGL, and more. However, it does NOT provide high level GUI
	widgets. See my minigui.d, an extension to this module, for that
	functionality.

	simpledisplay provides cross-platform wrapping for Windows and Linux
	(and perhaps other OSes that use X11), but also does not prevent you
	from using the underlying facilities if you need them. It has a goal
	of working efficiently over a remote X link (at least as far as Xlib
	reasonably allows.)

	simpledisplay depends on [arsd.color|color.d], which should be available from the
	same place where you got this file. Other than that, however, it has
	very few dependencies and ones that don't come with the OS and/or the
	compiler are all opt-in.

	simpledisplay.d's home base is on my arsd repo on Github. The file is:
	https://github.com/adamdruppe/arsd/blob/master/simpledisplay.d

	simpledisplay is basically stable. I plan to refactor the internals,
	and may add new features and fix bugs, but It do not expect to
	significantly change the API. It has been stable a few years already now.

	Jump_list:

	Don't worry, you don't have to read this whole documentation file!

	Check out the [#Event-example] and [#Pong-example] to get started quickly.

	The main classes you may want to create are [SimpleWindow], [Timer],
	[Image], and [Sprite].

	The main functions you'll want are [setClipboardText] and [getClipboardText].

	There are also platform-specific functions available such as [XDisplayConnection]
	and [GetAtom] for X11, among others.

	See the examples and topics list below to learn more.


	$(H2 About this documentation)

	The goal here is to give some complete programs as overview examples first, then a look at each major feature with working examples first, then, finally, the inline class and method list will follow.
	
	Scan for headers for a topic - $(B they will visually stand out) - you're interested in to get started quickly and feel free to copy and paste any example as a starting point for your program. I encourage you to learn the library by experimenting with the examples!

	All examples are provided with no copyright restrictions whatsoever. You do not need to credit me or carry any kind of notice with the source if you copy and paste from them.

	To get started, download `simpledisplay.d` and `color.d` to a working directory. Copy an example info a file called `example.d` and compile using the command given at the top of each example.

	If you need help, email me: destructionator@gmail.com or IRC us, #d on Freenode (I am destructionator or adam_d_ruppe there). If you learn something that isn't documented, I appreciate pull requests on github to this file.

	At points, I will talk about implementation details in the documentation. These are sometimes
	subject to change, but nevertheless useful to understand what is really going on. You can learn
	more about some of the referenced things by searching the web for info about using them from C.
	You can always look at the source of simpledisplay.d too for the most authoritative source on
	its specific implementation. If you disagree with how I did something, please contact me so we
	can discuss it!

	Examples:

	$(DDOC_ANCHOR Event-example)
	This program creates a window and draws events inside them as they
	happen, scrolling the text in the window as needed. Run this program
	and experiment to get a feel for where basic input events take place
	in the library.

	---
	// dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d
	import simpledisplay;
	import std.conv;

	void main() {
		auto window = new SimpleWindow(Size(500, 500), "My D App");

		int y = 0;

		void addLine(string text) {
			auto painter = window.draw();

			if(y + painter.fontHeight >= window.height) {
				painter.scrollArea(Point(0, 0), window.width, window.height, 0, painter.fontHeight);
				y -= painter.fontHeight;
			}

			painter.outlineColor = Color.red;
			painter.fillColor = Color.black;
			painter.drawRectangle(Point(0, y), window.width, painter.fontHeight);

			painter.outlineColor = Color.white;

			painter.drawText(Point(10, y), text);

			y += painter.fontHeight;
		}

		window.eventLoop(1000,
		  () {
			addLine("Timer went off!");
		  },
		  (KeyEvent event) {
			addLine(to!string(event));
		  },
		  (MouseEvent event) {
			addLine(to!string(event));
		  },
		  (dchar ch) {
			addLine(to!string(ch));
		  }
		);
	}
	---

	$(DDOC_ANCHOR Pong-example)
	This program creates a little Pong-like game. Player one is controlled
	with the keyboard.  Player two is controlled with the mouse. It demos
	the pulse timer, event handling, and some basic drawing.

	---
	// dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d
	import simpledisplay;

	enum paddleMovementSpeed = 8;
	enum paddleHeight = 48;

	void main() {
		auto window = new SimpleWindow(600, 400, "Pong game!");

		int playerOnePosition, playerTwoPosition;
		int playerOneMovement, playerTwoMovement;
		int playerOneScore, playerTwoScore;

		int ballX, ballY;
		int ballDx, ballDy;

		void serve() {
			import std.random;

			ballX = window.width / 2;
			ballY = window.height / 2;
			ballDx = uniform(-4, 4) * 3;
			ballDy = uniform(-4, 4) * 3;
			if(ballDx == 0)
				ballDx = uniform(0, 2) == 0 ? 3 : -3;
		}

		serve();

		window.eventLoop(50, // set a 50 ms timer pulls
			// This runs once per timer pulse
			delegate () {
				auto painter = window.draw();

				painter.clear();

				// Update everyone's motion
				playerOnePosition += playerOneMovement;
				playerTwoPosition += playerTwoMovement;

				ballX += ballDx;
				ballY += ballDy;

				// Bounce off the top and bottom edges of the window
				if(ballY + 7 >= window.height)
					ballDy = -ballDy;
				if(ballY - 8 <= 0)
					ballDy = -ballDy;

				// Bounce off the paddle, if it is in position
				if(ballX - 8 <= 16) {
					if(ballY + 7 > playerOnePosition && ballY - 8 < playerOnePosition + paddleHeight) {
						ballDx = -ballDx + 1; // add some speed to keep it interesting
						ballDy += playerOneMovement; // and y movement based on your controls too
						ballX = 24; // move it past the paddle so it doesn't wiggle inside
					} else {
						// Missed it
						playerTwoScore ++;
						serve();
					}
				}

				if(ballX + 7 >= window.width - 16) { // do the same thing but for player 1
					if(ballY + 7 > playerTwoPosition && ballY - 8 < playerTwoPosition + paddleHeight) {
						ballDx = -ballDx - 1;
						ballDy += playerTwoMovement;
						ballX = window.width - 24;
					} else {
						// Missed it
						playerOneScore ++;
						serve();
					}
				}

				// Draw the paddles
				painter.outlineColor = Color.black;
				painter.drawLine(Point(16, playerOnePosition), Point(16, playerOnePosition + paddleHeight));
				painter.drawLine(Point(window.width - 16, playerTwoPosition), Point(window.width - 16, playerTwoPosition + paddleHeight));

				// Draw the ball
				painter.fillColor = Color.red;
				painter.outlineColor = Color.yellow;
				painter.drawEllipse(Point(ballX - 8, ballY - 8), Point(ballX + 7, ballY + 7));

				// Draw the score
				painter.outlineColor = Color.blue;
				import std.conv;
				painter.drawText(Point(64, 4), to!string(playerOneScore));
				painter.drawText(Point(window.width - 64, 4), to!string(playerTwoScore));

			},
			delegate (KeyEvent event) {
				// Player 1's controls are the arrow keys on the keyboard
				if(event.key == Key.Down)
					playerOneMovement = event.pressed ? paddleMovementSpeed : 0;
				if(event.key == Key.Up)
					playerOneMovement = event.pressed ? -paddleMovementSpeed : 0;

			},
			delegate (MouseEvent event) {
				// Player 2's controls are mouse movement while the left button is held down
				if(event.type == MouseEventType.motion && (event.modifierState & ModifierState.leftButtonDown)) {
					if(event.dy > 0)
						playerTwoMovement = paddleMovementSpeed;
					else if(event.dy < 0)
						playerTwoMovement = -paddleMovementSpeed;
				} else {
					playerTwoMovement = 0;
				}
			}
		);
	}
	---

	If you are interested in more game writing with D, check out my gamehelpers.d which builds upon simpledisplay, and its other stand-alone support modules, simpleaudio.d and joystick.d, too.

	This program displays a pie chart. Clicking on a color will increase its share of the pie.

	---

	---

	$(H2 Topics)

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-windows) Windows)
		The $(LREF SimpleWindow) class is simpledisplay's flagship feature. It represents a single
		window on the user's screen.

		You may create multiple windows, if the underlying platform supports it. You may check
		`static if(multipleWindowsSupported)` at compile time, or catch exceptions thrown by
		SimpleWindow's constructor at runtime to handle those cases.
		
		A single running event loop will handle as many windows as needed.

		setEventHandlers function
		eventLoop function
		draw function
		title property

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-event-loops) Event loops)
		The simpledisplay event loop is designed to handle common cases easily while being extensible for more advanced cases, or replaceable by other libraries.

		The most common scenario is creating a window, then calling `window.eventLoop` when setup is complete. You can pass several handlers to the `eventLoop` method right there:

		---
		// dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d
		import simpledisplay;
		void main() {
			auto window = new SimpleWindow(200, 200);
			window.eventLoop(0,
			  delegate (dchar) { /* got a character key press */ }
			);
		}
		---

		$(TIP If you get a compile error saying "I can't use this event handler", the most common thing in my experience is passing a function instead of a delegate. The simple solution is to use the `delegate` keyword, like I did in the example above.)

		On Linux, the event loop is implemented with the `epoll` system call for efficiency an extensibility to other files. On Windows, it runs a traditional `GetMessage` + `DispatchMessage` loop, with a call to `SleepEx` in each iteration to allow the thread to enter an alertable wait state regularly, primarily so Overlapped I/O callbacks will get a chance to run.

		On Linux, simpledisplay also supports my `arsd.eventloop` module. Compile your program, including the eventloop.d file, with the `-version=with_eventloop` switch.

		It should be possible to integrate simpledisplay with vibe.d as well, though I haven't tried.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-notification-areas) Notification area (aka systray) icons)
		Notification area icons are currently only implemented on X11 targets. Windows support will come when I need it (or if someone requests it and I have some time to spend on it).

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-input-handling) Input handling)
		There are event handlers for low-level keyboard and mouse events, and higher level handlers for character events.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-2d-drawing) 2d Drawing)
		To draw on your window, use the `window.draw` method. It returns a $(LREF ScreenPainter) structure with drawing methods.

		Important: `ScreenPainter` double-buffers and will not actually update the window until its destructor is run. Always ensure the painter instance goes out-of-scope before proceeding. You can do this by calling it inside an event handler, a timer callback, or an small scope inside main. For example:

		---
		// dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d
		import simpledisplay;
		void main() {
			auto window = new SimpleWindow(200, 200);
			{ // introduce sub-scope
				auto painter = window.draw(); // begin drawing
				/* draw here */
				painter.outlineColor = Color.red;
				painter.fillColor = Color.black;
				painter.drawRectangle(Point(0, 0), 200, 200);
			} // end scope, calling `painter`'s destructor, drawing to the screen.
			window.eventLoop(0); // handle events
		}
		---

		Painting is done based on two color properties, a pen and a brush.

		At this time, the 2d drawing does not support alpha blending. If you need that, use a 2d OpenGL context instead.
		FIXME add example of 2d opengl drawing here
	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-3d-drawing) 3d Drawing (or 2d with OpenGL))
		simpledisplay can create OpenGL contexts on your window. It works quite differently than 2d drawing.

		Note that it is still possible to draw 2d on top of an OpenGL window, using the `draw` method, though I don't recommend it.

		To start, you create a `SimpleWindow` with OpenGL enabled by passing the argument `OpenGlOptions.yes` to the constructor.

		Important: the required import libraries are now packaged with dmd on 32 bit Windows for OpenGL support. You may download the necessary .libs from by github, put them in your dmd/windows/lib folder, then pass the `-version=with_opengl` flag to dmd when compiling to opt-in to this feature.

		Next, you set `redrawOpenGlScene` to a delegate which draws your frame.

		To force a redraw of the scene, call `window.redrawOpenGlSceneNow()`.

		Please note that my experience with OpenGL is very out-of-date, and the bindings in simpledisplay reflect that. If you want to use more modern functions, you may have to define the bindings yourself, or import them from another module. However, I believe the OpenGL context creation done in simpledisplay will work for any version.

		This example program will draw a rectangle on your window:

		---
		// On Windows: dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d -version=with_opengl
		//
		// When compiling a 32 bit application on Windows, be sure you
		// got opengl32.lib and glu32.lib from my github and added them
		// to your `dmd2\windows\lib` directory. When you update dmd,
		// remember to ensure those lib files are still there afterward.
		//
		// Elsewhere : dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d
		import simpledisplay;

		void main() {

		}
		---

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-images) Displaying images)
		You can also load PNG images using my `png.d`.

		---
		// dmd example.d simpledisplay.d color.d png.d
		import simpledisplay;
		import arsd.png;

		void main() {
			auto image = Image.fromMemoryImage(readPng("image.png"));
			displayImage(image);
		}
		---

		Compile with `dmd example.d simpledisplay.d png.d`.

		If you find an image file which is a valid png that `arsd.png` fails to load, please let me know. In the mean time of fixing the bug, you can probably convert the file into an easier-to-load format. Be sure to turn OFF png interlacing, as that isn't supported. Other things to try would be making the image smaller, or trying 24 bit truecolor mode with an alpha channel.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-sprites) Sprites)
		The $(LREF Sprite) class is used to make images on the display server for fast blitting to screen. This is especially important to use to support fast drawing of repeated images on a remote X11 link.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-clipboard) Clipboard)
		The free functions $(LREF getClipboardText) and $(LREF setClipboardText) consist of simpledisplay's cross-platform clipboard support at this time.

		It also has helpers for handling X-specific events.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-timers) Timers)
		There are two timers in simpledisplay: one is the pulse timeout you can set on the call to `window.eventLoop`, and the other is a customizable class, $(LREF Timer).

		The pulse timeout is used by setting a non-zero interval as the first argument to `eventLoop` function and adding a zero-argument delegate to handle the pulse.

		---
			import simpledisplay;

			void main() {
				auto window = new SimpleWindow(400, 400);
				// every 100 ms, it will draw a random line
				// on the window.
				window.eventLoop(100, {
					auto painter = window.draw();

					import std.random;
					// random color
					painter.outlineColor = Color(uniform(0, 256), uniform(0, 256), uniform(0, 256));
					// random line
					painter.drawLine(
						Point(uniform(0, window.width), uniform(0, window.height)),
						Point(uniform(0, window.width), uniform(0, window.height)));

				});
			}
		---

		The `Timer` class works similarly, but is created separately from the event loop. (It still fires through the event loop, though.) You may make as many instances of `Timer` as you wish.

		The pulse timer and instances of the $(LREF Timer) class may be combined at will.

		---
			import simpledisplay;

			void main() {
				auto window = new SimpleWindow(400, 400);
				auto timer = new Timer(1000, delegate {
					auto painter = window.draw();
					painter.clear();
				});

				window.eventLoop(0);
			}
		---

		Timers are currently only implemented on Windows, using `SetTimer` and Linux, using `timerfd_create`. These deliver timeout messages through your application event loop.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-os-helpers) OS-specific helpers)
		simpledisplay carries a lot of code to help implement itself without extra dependencies, and much of this code is available for you too, so you may extend the functionality yourself.

		See also: `xwindows.d` from my github.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-os-extension) Extending with OS-specific functionality)
		`handleNativeEvent` and `handleNativeGlobalEvent`.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-integration) Integration with other libraries)
		Integration with a third-party event loop is possible.

		On Linux, you might want to support both terminal input and GUI input. You can do this by using simpledisplay together with eventloop.d and terminal.d.

	$(H3 $(DDOC_ANCHOR topic-guis) GUI widgets)
		simpledisplay does not provide GUI widgets such as text areas, buttons, checkboxes, etc. It only gives basic windows, the ability to draw on it, receive input from it, and access native information for extension. You may write your own gui widgets with these, but you don't have to because I already did for you!

		Download `minigui.d` from my github repository and add it to your project. minigui builds these things on top of simpledisplay and offers its own Window class (and subclasses) to use that wrap SimpleWindow, adding a new event and drawing model that is hookable by subwidgets, represented by their own classes.

		Migrating to minigui from simpledisplay is often easy though, because they both use the same ScreenPainter API, and the same simpledisplay events are available, if you want them. (Though you may like using the minigui model, especially if you are familiar with writing web apps in the browser with Javascript.)

		minigui still needs a lot of work to be finished at this time, but it already offers a number of useful classes.

	$(H2 $(DDOC_ANCHOR developer-notes) Developer notes)

	I don't have a Mac, so that code isn't maintained. I would like to have a Cocoa
	implementation though.

	The NativeSimpleWindowImplementation and NativeScreenPainterImplementation both
	suck. If I was rewriting it, I wouldn't do it that way again.

	This file must not have any more required dependencies. If you need bindings, add
	them right to this file. Once it gets into druntime and is there for a while, remove
	bindings from here to avoid conflicts (or put them in an appropriate version block
	so it continues to just work on old dmd), but wait a couple releases before making the
	transition so this module remains usable with older versions of dmd.

	You may have optional dependencies if needed by putting them in version blocks or
	template functions. You may also extend the module with other modules with UFCS without
	actually editing this - that is nice to do if you can.

	Try to make functions work the same way across operating systems. I typically make
	it thinly wrap Windows, then emulate that on Linux.

	A goal of this is to keep a gui hello world to less than 250 KB. This means avoiding
	Phobos! So try to avoid it.

	See more comments throughout the source.

	I realize this file is fairly large, but over half that is just bindings at the bottom
	or documentation at the top. Some of the classes are a bit big too, but hopefully easy
	to understand. I suggest you jump around the source by looking for a particular
	declaration you're interested in, like `class SimpleWindow` using your editor's search
	function, then look at one piece at a time.

	$(H2 $(DDOC_ANCHOR about-the-author) Meta)

	Authors: Adam D. Ruppe with the help of others. If you need help, please email me with
	destructionator@gmail.com or find me on IRC. Our channel is #d on Freenode. I go by
	Destructionator or adam_d_ruppe, depending on which computer I'm logged into.

	I live in the eastern United States, so I will most likely not be around at night in
	that US east timezone.

	License: Copyright Adam D. Ruppe, 2011-2016. Released under the Boost Software License.

	Building documentation: You may wish to use the `arsd.ddoc` file from my github with
	building the documentation for simpledisplay yourself. It will give it a bit more style.
	Simply download the arsd.ddoc file and add it to your compile command when building docs.
	`dmd -c simpledisplay.d color.d -D arsd.ddoc`

	<hr />

	Macros:
		M=<a style="font-weight: bold;" href="#$0">$0</a>
		L=<a href="$1">$1</a>
		TIP=<div class="tip">$0</div>
		NOTE=<div class="note">$0</div>
		IMPORTANT=<div class="important">$0</div>
		PITFALL=<div class="pitfall">$0</div>
		WARNING=<div class="warning">$0</div>
+/
module simpledisplay;

// FIXME: icons on Windows don't look quite right, I think the transparency mask is off.

// http://wiki.dlang.org/Simpledisplay.d

// FIXME: SIGINT handler is necessary to clean up shared memory handles upon ctrl+c

// see : http://www.sbin.org/doc/Xlib/chapt_09.html section on Keyboard Preferences re: scroll lock led

// Cool stuff: I want right alt and scroll lock to do different stuff for personal use. maybe even right ctrl
// but can i control the scroll lock led


// Note: if you are using Image on X, you might want to do:
/*
	static if(UsingSimpledisplayX11) {
		if(!Image.impl.xshmAvailable) {
			// the images will use the slower XPutImage, you might
			// want to consider an alternative method to get better speed
		}
	}

	If the shared memory extension is available though, simpledisplay uses it
	for a significant speed boost whenever you draw large Images.
*/

// CHANGE FROM LAST VERSION: the window background is no longer fixed, so you might want to fill the screen with a particular color before drawing.

// WARNING: if you are using with_eventloop, don't forget to call XFlush(XDisplayConnection.get()); before calling loop()!

/*
	Biggest FIXME:
		make sure the key event numbers match between X and Windows OR provide symbolic constants on each system

		clean up opengl contexts when their windows close

		fix resizing the bitmaps/pixmaps
*/

// BTW on Windows:
// -L/SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS:5.0
// to dmd will make a nice windows binary w/o a console if you want that.

/*
	Stuff to add:

	use multibyte functions everywhere we can

	OpenGL windows
	more event stuff
	extremely basic windows w/ no decoration for tooltips, splash screens, etc.


	resizeEvent
		and make the windows non-resizable by default,
		or perhaps stretched (if I can find something in X like StretchBlt)

	take a screenshot function!

	Pens and brushes?
	Maybe a global event loop?

	Mouse deltas
	Key items
*/

/*
From MSDN:

 You can also use the GET_X_LPARAM or GET_Y_LPARAM macro to extract the x- or y-coordinate.

Important  Do not use the LOWORD or HIWORD macros to extract the x- and y- coordinates of the cursor position because these macros return incorrect results on systems with multiple monitors. Systems with multiple monitors can have negative x- and y- coordinates, and LOWORD and HIWORD treat the coordinates as unsigned quantities.

*/

version(html5) {} else {
	version(linux)
		version = X11;
	version(OSX) {
		version(OSXCocoa) {}
		else { version = X11; }
	}
		//version = OSXCocoa; // this was written by KennyTM
	version(FreeBSD)
		version = X11;
	version(Solaris)
		version = X11;
}

// these are so the static asserts don't trigger unless you want to
// add support to it for an OS
version(Windows)
	version = with_timer;
version(linux)
	version = with_timer;

/// If you have to get down and dirty with implementation details, this helps figure out if X is available you can `static if(UsingSimpledisplayX11) ...` more reliably than `version()` because `version` is module-local.
version(X11)
	enum bool UsingSimpledisplayX11 = true;
else
	enum bool UsingSimpledisplayX11 = false;

/// Does this platform support multiple windows? If not, trying to create another will cause it to throw an exception.
version(Windows)
	enum multipleWindowsSupported = true;
else version(X11)
	enum multipleWindowsSupported = true;
else
	static assert(0);


/++
	After selecting a type from $(LREF WindowTypes), you may further customize
	its behavior by setting one or more of these flags.


	The different window types have different meanings of `normal`. If the
	window type already is a good match for what you want to do, you should
	just use `WindowFlags.normal`, the default, which will do the right thing
	for your users.
+/
enum WindowFlags : int {
	normal,
	skipTaskbar,
	alwaysOnTop,
	alwaysOnBottom,
	cannotBeActivated,
}

/++
	When creating a window, you can pass a type to SimpleWindow's constructor,
	then further customize the window by changing `WindowFlags`.


	This list is based on the EMWH spec for X11.
	$(L http://standards.freedesktop.org/wm-spec/1.4/ar01s05.html#idm139704063786896)
+/
enum WindowTypes : int {
	/// An ordinary application window.
	normal,
	/// A generic window without a title bar or border. You can draw on the entire area of the screen it takes up and use it as you wish. Remember that users don't really expect these though, so don't use it where a window of any other type is appropriate.
	undecorated,
	/*
	splashScreen, /// a loading splash screen for your application
	tooltip, /// A tiny window showing temporary help text or something.
	notification, /// A popup bubble notification
	comboBoxDropdown,
	dropdownMenu,
	popupMenu,
	dialog,
	toolbar
	*/
}


private __gshared ushort sdpyOpenGLContextVersion = 0; // default: use legacy call
private __gshared bool sdpyOpenGLContextCompatible = true; // default: allow "deprecated" features

/**
	Set OpenGL context version to use. This has no effect on non-OpenGL windows.
	You may want to change context version if you want to use advanced shaders or
	other modern OpenGL techinques. This setting doesn't affect already created
	windows. You may use version 2.1 as your default, which should be supported
	by any box since 2006, so seems to be a reasonable choice.

	Note that by default version is set to `0`, which forces SimpleDisplay to use
	old context creation code without any version specified. This is the safest
	way to init OpenGL, but it may not give you access to advanced features.

	See available OpenGL versions here: $(L https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL).
*/
void setOpenGLContextVersion() (ubyte hi, ubyte lo) { sdpyOpenGLContextVersion = cast(ushort)(hi<<8|lo); }

/**
	Set OpenGL context mode. Modern (3.0+) OpenGL versions deprecated old fixed
	pipeline functions, and without "compatible" mode you won't be able to use
	your old non-shader-based code with such contexts. By default SimpleDisplay
	creates compatible context, so you can gradually upgrade your OpenGL code if
	you want to (or leave it as is, as it should "just work").
*/
@property void openGLContextCompatible() (bool v) { sdpyOpenGLContextCompatible = v; }


/++
	The flagship window class.


	SimpleWindow tries to make ordinary windows very easy to create and use without locking you
	out of more advanced or complex features of the underlying windowing system.

	For many applications, you can simply call `new SimpleWindow(some_width, some_height, "some title")`
	and get a suitable window to work with.

	From there, you can opt into additional features, like custom resizability and OpenGL support
	with the next two constructor arguments. Or, if you need even more, you can set a window type
	and customization flags with the final two constructor arguments.

	If none of that works for you, you can also create a window using native function calls, then
	wrap the window in a SimpleWindow instance by calling `new SimpleWindow(native_handle)`. Remember,
	though, if you do this, managing the window is still your own responsibility! Notably, you
	will need to destroy it yourself.
+/
class SimpleWindow : CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent {
	/++
		This creates a window with the given options. The window will be visible and able to receive input as soon as you start your event loop. You may draw on it immediately after creating the window, without needing to wait for the event loop to start if you want.

		The constructor tries to have sane default arguments, so for many cases, you only need to provide a few of them.

		Params:

		width = the width of the window's client area, in pixels
		height = the height of the window's client area, in pixels
		title = the title of the window (seen in the title bar, taskbar, etc.). You can change it after construction with the $(LREF SimpleWindow._title) property.
		opengl = $(LREF OpenGlOptions) are yes and no. If yes, it creates an OpenGL context on the window.
			$(TIP On Windows, you need to compile with `-version=with_opengl` to enable `OpenGlOptions.yes`)
		resizable = $(LREF Resizablity) has three options:
			$(P `allowResizing`, which allows the window to be resized by the user. The `windowResized` delegate will be called when the size is changed.)
			$(P `fixedSize` will not allow the user to resize the window.)
			$(P `automaticallyScaleIfPossible` will allow the user to resize, but will still present the original size to the API user. The contents you draw will be scaled to the size the user chose. If this scaling is not efficient, the window will be fixed size. The `windowResized` event handler will never be called. This is the default.)
		windowType = The type of window you want to make.
		customizationFlags = A way to make a window without a border, always on top, skip taskbar, and more. Do not use this if one of the pre-defined $(LREF WindowTypes), given in the `windowType` argument, is a good match for what you need.
		parent = the parent window, if applicable
	+/
	this(int width = 640, int height = 480, string title = null, OpenGlOptions opengl = OpenGlOptions.no, Resizablity resizable = Resizablity.automaticallyScaleIfPossible, WindowTypes windowType = WindowTypes.normal, int customizationFlags = WindowFlags.normal, SimpleWindow parent = null) {
		this._width = width;
		this._height = height;
		this.openglMode = opengl;
		this.resizability = resizable;
		this.windowType = windowType;
		this.customizationFlags = customizationFlags;
		impl.createWindow(width, height, title is null ? "D Application" : title, opengl, parent);
	}

	/// Same as above, except using the `Size` struct instead of separate width and height.
	this(Size size, string title = null, OpenGlOptions opengl = OpenGlOptions.no, Resizablity resizable = Resizablity.automaticallyScaleIfPossible) {
		this(size.width, size.height, title, opengl, resizable);
	}


	/++
		Creates a window based on the given $(LREF Image). It's client area
		width and height is equal to the image. (A window's client area
		is the drawable space inside; it excludes the title bar, etc.)
	   
		Windows based on images will not be resizable and do not use OpenGL.
	+/
	this(Image image, string title = null) {
		this(image.width, image.height, title);
		this.image = image;
	}

	/++
		Wraps a native window handle with very little additional processing - notably no destruction
		this is incomplete so don't use it for much right now. The purpose of this is to make native
		windows created through the low level API (so you can use platform-specific options and
		other details SimpleWindow does not expose) available to the event loop wrappers.
	+/
	this(NativeWindowHandle nativeWindow) {
		version(Windows)
			impl.hwnd = nativeWindow;
		else version(X11)
			impl.window = nativeWindow;
		else static assert(0);
		// FIXME: set the size correctly
		_width = 1;
		_height = 1;
		nativeMapping[nativeWindow] = this;
		CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping[nativeWindow] = this;
		_suppressDestruction = true; // so it doesn't try to close
	}

	/// This will be called when WM wants to close your window (i.e. user clicked "close" icon, for example).
	/// You'll have to call `close()` manually if you set this delegate.
	version(X11) void delegate () closeQuery;

	/// This will be called when window visibility was changed.
	void delegate (bool becomesVisible) visibilityChanged;

	/// This will be called when window becomes visible for the first time.
	/// You can do OpenGL initialization here. Note that in X11 you can't call
	/// `setAsCurrentOpenGlContext()` right after window creation, or X11 may
	/// fail to send reparent and map events (hit that with proprietary NVidia drivers).
	private bool _visibleForTheFirstTimeCalled;
	void delegate () visibleForTheFirstTime;

	/// Returns true if the window has been closed.
	final @property bool closed() { return _closed; }

	private bool _visible;
	/// Returns true if the window is visible (mapped).
	final @property bool visible() { return _visible; }

	/// Closes the window. If there are no more open windows, the event loop will terminate.
	void close() {
		impl.closeWindow();
		_closed = true;
	}

	/// Alias for `hidden = false`
	void show() {
		hidden = false;
	}

	/// Alias for `hidden = true`
	void hide() {
		hidden = true;
	}

	/// Hide cursor when it enters the window.
	void hideCursor() {
		if (!_closed) impl.hideCursor();
	}

	/// Don't hide cursor when it enters the window.
	void showCursor() {
		if (!_closed) impl.showCursor();
	}

	private bool _hidden;

	/// Returns true if the window is hidden.
	final @property bool hidden() {
		return _hidden;
	}

	/// Shows or hides the window based on the bool argument.
	final @property void hidden(bool b) {
		_hidden = b;
		version(Windows) {
			ShowWindow(impl.hwnd, b ? SW_HIDE : SW_SHOW);
		} else version(X11) {
			if(b)
				//XUnmapWindow(impl.display, impl.window);
				XWithdrawWindow(impl.display, impl.window, DefaultScreen(impl.display));
			else
				XMapWindow(impl.display, impl.window);
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	/++
		Sets your event handlers, without entering the event loop. Useful if you
		have multiple windows - set the handlers on each window, then only do eventLoop on your main window.
	+/
	void setEventHandlers(T...)(T eventHandlers) {
		// FIXME: add more events
		foreach(handler; eventHandlers) {
			static if(__traits(compiles, handleKeyEvent = handler)) {
				handleKeyEvent = handler;
			} else static if(__traits(compiles, handleCharEvent = handler)) {
				handleCharEvent = handler;
			} else static if(__traits(compiles, handlePulse = handler)) {
				handlePulse = handler;
			} else static if(__traits(compiles, handleMouseEvent = handler)) {
				handleMouseEvent = handler;
			} else static assert(0, "I can't use this event handler " ~ typeof(handler).stringof ~ "\nHave you tried using the delegate keyword?");
		}
	}

	/// The event loop automatically returns when the window is closed
	/// pulseTimeout is given in milliseconds.
	final int eventLoop(T...)(
		long pulseTimeout,    /// set to zero if you don't want a pulse.
		T eventHandlers) /// delegate list like std.concurrency.receive
	{
		setEventHandlers(eventHandlers);
		return impl.eventLoop(pulseTimeout);
	}

	/++
		This lets you draw on the window (or its backing buffer) using basic
		2D primitives.

		Be sure to call this in a limited scope because your changes will not
		actually appear on the window until ScreenPainter's destructor runs.

		Returns: an instance of $(LREF ScreenPainter), which has the drawing methods
		on it to draw on this window.
	+/
	ScreenPainter draw() {
		return impl.getPainter();
	}

	// This is here to implement the interface we use for various native handlers.
	NativeEventHandler getNativeEventHandler() { return handleNativeEvent; }

	// maps native window handles to SimpleWindow instances, if there are any
	// you shouldn't need this, but it is public in case you do in a native event handler or something
	public static SimpleWindow[NativeWindowHandle] nativeMapping;

	/// Width of the window's drawable client area, in pixels.
	final @property int width() { return _width; }

	/// Height of the window's drawable client area, in pixels.
	final @property int height() { return _height; }

	private int _width;
	private int _height;

	// HACK: making the best of some copy constructor woes with refcounting
	private ScreenPainterImplementation* activeScreenPainter;

	private OpenGlOptions openglMode;
	private Resizablity resizability;
	private WindowTypes windowType;
	private int customizationFlags;

	version(without_opengl) {} else {
		/// Put your code in here that you want to be drawn automatically when your window is uncovered. Set a handler here *before* entering your event loop any time you pass `OpenGlOptions.yes` to the constructor. Ideally, you will set this delegate immediately after constructing the `SimpleWindow`.
		void delegate() redrawOpenGlScene;

		/// This will allow you to change OpenGL vsync state.
		final @property void vsync (bool wait) {
		  if (this._closed) return; // window may be closed, but timer is still firing; avoid GLXBadDrawable error
		  version(X11) {
		    setAsCurrentOpenGlContext();
		    glxSetVSync(display, impl.window, wait);
		  }
		}

		/// "Lock" this window handle, to do multithreaded synchronization. You probably won't need
		/// to call this, as it's not recommended to share window between threads.
		private shared int lockCount = 0;
		void mtLock () {
			version(X11) {
				XLockDisplay(this.display);
			}
		}

		/// "Unlock" this window handle, to do multithreaded synchronization. You probably won't need
		/// to call this, as it's not recommended to share window between threads.
		void mtUnlock () {
			version(X11) {
				XUnlockDisplay(this.display);
			}
		}

		/// Set this to `false` if you don't need to do `glFinish()` after `swapOpenGlBuffers()`.
		/// Note that at least NVidia proprietary driver may segfault if you will modify texture fast
		/// enough without waiting 'em to finish their frame bussiness.
		bool useGLFinish = true;

		// FIXME: it should schedule it for the end of the current iteration of the event loop...
		/// call this to invoke your delegate. It automatically sets up the context and flips the buffer. If you need to redraw the scene in response to an event, call this.
		void redrawOpenGlSceneNow() {
		  version(X11) if (!this._visible) return; // no need to do this if window is invisible
			if (this._closed) return; // window may be closed, but timer is still firing; avoid GLXBadDrawable error
			if(redrawOpenGlScene is null)
				return;

			this.mtLock();
			scope(exit) this.mtUnlock();

			this.setAsCurrentOpenGlContext();

			redrawOpenGlScene();

			this.swapOpenGlBuffers();
			// at least nvidia proprietary crap segfaults on exit if you won't do this and will call glTexSubImage2D() too fast; no, `glFlush()` won't work.
			if (useGLFinish) glFinish();
		}


		/// Makes all gl* functions target this window until changed. This is only valid if you passed `OpenGlOptions.yes` to the constructor.
		void setAsCurrentOpenGlContext() {
			assert(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes);
			version(X11) {
				if(glXMakeCurrent(display, impl.window, impl.glc) == 0)
					throw new Exception("glXMakeCurrent");
			} else version(Windows) {
				if (!wglMakeCurrent(ghDC, ghRC))
					throw new Exception("wglMakeCurrent"); // let windows users suffer too
			}
		}

		/// Makes all gl* functions target this window until changed. This is only valid if you passed `OpenGlOptions.yes` to the constructor.
		/// This doesn't throw, returning success flag instead.
		bool setAsCurrentOpenGlContextNT() nothrow {
			assert(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes);
			version(X11) {
				return (glXMakeCurrent(display, impl.window, impl.glc) != 0);
			} else version(Windows) {
				return wglMakeCurrent(ghDC, ghRC);
			}
		}

		/// Releases OpenGL context, so it can be reused in, for example, different thread. This is only valid if you passed `OpenGlOptions.yes` to the constructor.
		/// This doesn't throw, returning success flag instead.
		bool releaseCurrentOpenGlContext() nothrow {
			assert(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes);
			version(X11) {
				return (glXMakeCurrent(display, 0, null) != 0);
			} else version(Windows) {
				return wglMakeCurrent(ghDC, null);
			}
		}

		/++
			simpledisplay always uses double buffering, usually automatically. This
			manually swaps the OpenGL buffers.


			You should not need to call this yourself because simpledisplay will do it
			for you after calling your `redrawOpenGlScene`.

			Remember that this may throw an exception, which you can catch in a multithreaded
			application to keep your thread from dying from an unhandled exception.
		+/
		void swapOpenGlBuffers() {
			assert(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes);
			version(X11) {
				if (!this._visible) return; // no need to do this if window is invisible
				if (this._closed) return; // window may be closed, but timer is still firing; avoid GLXBadDrawable error
				glXSwapBuffers(display, impl.window);
			} else version(Windows) {
				SwapBuffers(ghDC);
			}
		}
	}

	/++
		Set the window title, which is visible on the window manager title bar, operating system taskbar, etc.


		---
			auto window = new SimpleWindow(100, 100, "First title");
			window.title = "A new title";
		---

		You may call this function at any time.
	+/
	@property void title(string title) {
		_title = title;
		impl.setTitle(title);
	}

	private string _title;

	/// Gets the title
	@property string title() {
		return _title;
		/*
		version(Windows) {

		} else version(X11) {

		} else static assert(0);
		*/
	}

	/// Set the icon that is seen in the title bar or taskbar, etc., for the user.
	@property void icon(MemoryImage icon) {
		auto tci = icon.getAsTrueColorImage();
		version(Windows) {
			winIcon = new WindowsIcon(icon);
			 SendMessageA(impl.hwnd, 0x0080 /*WM_SETICON*/, 0 /*ICON_SMALL*/, cast(LPARAM) winIcon.hIcon); // there is also 1 == ICON_BIG
		} else version(X11) {
			// FIXME: ensure this is correct
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get;
			arch_ulong[] buffer;
			buffer ~= icon.width;
			buffer ~= icon.height;
			foreach(c; tci.imageData.colors) {
				arch_ulong b;
				b |= c.a << 24;
				b |= c.r << 16;
				b |= c.g << 8;
				b |= c.b;
				buffer ~= b;
			}

			XChangeProperty(
				display,
				impl.window,
				GetAtom!"_NET_WM_ICON"(display),
				GetAtom!"CARDINAL"(display),
				32 /* bits */,
				0 /*PropModeReplace*/,
				buffer.ptr,
				cast(int) buffer.length);
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	version(Windows)
		private WindowsIcon winIcon;

	bool _suppressDestruction;

	~this() {
		if(_suppressDestruction)
			return;
		impl.dispose();
	}

	private bool _closed;

	// the idea here is to draw something temporary on top of the main picture e.g. a blinking cursor
	/*
	ScreenPainter drawTransiently() {
		return impl.getPainter();
	}
	*/

	/// Draws an image on the window. This is meant to provide quick look
	/// of a static image generated elsewhere.
	@property void image(Image i) {
		version(Windows) {
			BITMAP bm;
			HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
			HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
			HBITMAP hbmOld = SelectObject(hdcMem, i.handle);

			GetObject(i.handle, bm.sizeof, &bm);

			BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, bm.bmWidth, bm.bmHeight, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

			SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
			DeleteDC(hdcMem);
			DeleteDC(hwnd);

			/*
			RECT r;
			r.right = i.width;
			r.bottom = i.height;
			InvalidateRect(hwnd, &r, false);
			*/
		} else
		version(X11) {
			if(!destroyed) {
				if(i.usingXshm)
				XShmPutImage(display, cast(Drawable) window, gc, i.handle, 0, 0, 0, 0, i.width, i.height, false);
				else
				XPutImage(display, cast(Drawable) window, gc, i.handle, 0, 0, 0, 0, i.width, i.height);
			}
		} else
		version(OSXCocoa) {
           		draw().drawImage(Point(0, 0), i);
			setNeedsDisplay(view, true);
		} else version(html5) {
			// FIXME html5
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	/// What follows are the event handlers. These are set automatically
	/// by the eventLoop function, but are still public so you can change
	/// them later. wasPressed == true means key down. false == key up.

	/// Handles a low-level keyboard event. Settable through setEventHandlers.
	void delegate(KeyEvent ke) handleKeyEvent;

	/// Handles a higher level keyboard event - c is the character just pressed. Settable through setEventHandlers.
	void delegate(dchar c) handleCharEvent;

	/// Handles a timer pulse. Settable through setEventHandlers.
	void delegate() handlePulse;

	/// called when the focus changes, param is if we have it (true) or are losing it (false)
	void delegate(bool) onFocusChange;

	private {
		int lastMouseX = int.min;
		int lastMouseY = int.min;
		void mdx(ref MouseEvent ev) {
			if(lastMouseX == int.min || lastMouseY == int.min) {
				ev.dx = 0;
				ev.dy = 0;
			} else {
				ev.dx = ev.x - lastMouseX;
				ev.dy = ev.y - lastMouseY;
			}

			lastMouseX = ev.x;
			lastMouseY = ev.y;
		}
	}

	/// Mouse event handler. Settable through setEventHandlers.
	void delegate(MouseEvent) handleMouseEvent;

	/// use to redraw child widgets if you use system apis to add stuff
	void delegate() paintingFinished;

	/// handle a resize, after it happens. You must construct the window with Resizablity.allowResizing
	/// for this to ever happen.
	void delegate(int width, int height) windowResized;

	/** Platform specific - handle any native messages this window gets.
	  *
	  * Note: this is called *in addition to* other event handlers, unless you return zero indicating that you handled it.

	  * On Windows, it takes the form of int delegate(HWND,UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM).

	  * On X11, it takes the form of int delegate(XEvent).

	  * IMPORTANT: it used to be static in old versions of simpledisplay.d, but I always used
	  * it as if it wasn't static... so now I just fixed it so it isn't anymore.
	**/
	NativeEventHandler handleNativeEvent;

	/// This is the same as handleNativeEvent, but static so it can hook ALL events in the loop.
	/// If you used to use handleNativeEvent depending on it being static, just change it to use
	/// this instead and it will work the same way.
	static NativeEventHandler handleNativeGlobalEvent;

//  private:
	/// The native implementation is available, but you shouldn't use it unless you are
	/// familiar with the underlying operating system, don't mind depending on it, and
	/// know simpledisplay.d's internals too. It is virtually private; you can hopefully
	/// do what you need to do with handleNativeEvent instead.
	///
	/// This is likely to eventually change to be just a struct holding platform-specific
	/// handles instead of a template mixin at some point because I'm not happy with the
	/// code duplication here (ironically).
	mixin NativeSimpleWindowImplementation!() impl;
}


// basic functions to make timers
/**
	A timer that will trigger your function on a given interval.


	You create a timer with an interval and a callback. It will continue
	to fire on the interval until it is destroyed.

	There are currently no one-off timers (instead, just create one and
	destroy it when it is triggered) nor are there pause/resume functions -
	the timer must again be destroyed and recreated if you want to pause it.

	auto timer = new Timer(50, { it happened!; });
	timer.destroy();

	Timers can only be expected to fire when the event loop is running.
*/
version(with_timer) {
class Timer {
	// FIXME: I might add overloads for ones that take a count of
	// how many elapsed since last time (on Windows, it will divide
	// the ticks thing given, on Linux it is just available) and
	// maybe one that takes an instance of the Timer itself too
	/// Create a timer with a callback when it triggers.
	this(int intervalInMilliseconds, void delegate() onPulse) {
		assert(onPulse !is null);

		this.onPulse = onPulse;

		version(Windows) {
			handle = SetTimer(null, handle, intervalInMilliseconds, &timerCallback);
			if(handle == 0)
				throw new Exception("SetTimer fail");

			mapping[handle] = this;

		} else version(linux) {
			static import ep = core.sys.linux.epoll;

			// static import tfd = core.sys.linux.timerfd;

			static struct tfd {
				static:
				import core.sys.posix.time;
				extern(C):
				pragma(mangle, "timerfd_create")
				int timerfd_create(int, int);
				pragma(mangle, "timerfd_settime")
				int timerfd_settime(int, int, const itimerspec*, itimerspec*);
				pragma(mangle, "timerfd_gettime")
				int timerfd_gettime(int, itimerspec*);
				enum TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME = 1 << 0;
				enum TFD_CLOEXEC       = 0x80000;
				enum TFD_NONBLOCK      = 0x800;
			}


			fd = tfd.timerfd_create(tfd.CLOCK_MONOTONIC, 0);
			if(fd == -1)
				throw new Exception("timer create failed");

			mapping[fd] = this;

			tfd.itimerspec value;
			value.it_value.tv_sec = cast(int) (intervalInMilliseconds / 1000);
			value.it_value.tv_nsec = (intervalInMilliseconds % 1000) * 1000_000;

			value.it_interval.tv_sec = cast(int) (intervalInMilliseconds / 1000);
			value.it_interval.tv_nsec = (intervalInMilliseconds % 1000) * 1000_000;

			if(tfd.timerfd_settime(fd, 0, &value, null) == -1)
				throw new Exception("couldn't make pulse timer");

			version(with_eventloop) {
				import arsd.eventloop;
				addFileEventListeners(fd, &trigger, null, null);
			} else {
				prepareEventLoop();

				ep.epoll_event ev = void;
				ev.events = ep.EPOLLIN;
				ev.data.fd = fd;
				ep.epoll_ctl(epollFd, ep.EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev);
			}
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	/// Stop and destroy the timer object.
	void destroy() {
		version(Windows) {
			if(handle) {
				KillTimer(null, handle);
				mapping.remove(handle);
				handle = 0;
			}
		} else version(linux) {
			if(fd != -1) {
				import unix = core.sys.posix.unistd;
				static import ep = core.sys.linux.epoll;

				version(with_eventloop) {
					import arsd.eventloop;
					removeFileEventListeners(fd);
				} else {
					ep.epoll_event ev = void;
					ev.events = ep.EPOLLIN;
					ev.data.fd = fd;

					ep.epoll_ctl(epollFd, ep.EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, &ev);
				}
				unix.close(fd);
				mapping.remove(fd);
				fd = -1;
			}
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	~this() {
		destroy();
	}

	private:

	void delegate() onPulse;

	void trigger() {
		version(linux) {
			import unix = core.sys.posix.unistd;
			long val;
			unix.read(fd, &val, val.sizeof); // gotta clear the pipe
		} else version(Windows) {

		} else static assert(0);

		onPulse();
	}

	version(Windows)
		extern(Windows)
		static void timerCallback(HWND, UINT, UINT_PTR timer, DWORD dwTime) {
			if(Timer* t = timer in mapping) {
				(*t).trigger();
			}
		}

	version(Windows) {
		UINT_PTR handle;
		static Timer[UINT_PTR] mapping;
	} else version(linux) {
		int fd = -1;
		static Timer[int] mapping;
	} else static assert(0, "timer not supported");
}
}

// basic functions to access the clipboard
/+


http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff729168%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649039%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649035%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649051%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649037%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649035%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms649016%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

+/

/// this does a delegate because it is actually an async call on X...
/// the receiver may never be called if the clipboard is empty or unavailable
/// gets plain text from the clipboard
void getClipboardText(SimpleWindow clipboardOwner, void delegate(in char[]) receiver) {
	version(Windows) {
		HWND hwndOwner = clipboardOwner ? clipboardOwner.impl.hwnd : null;
		if(OpenClipboard(hwndOwner) == 0)
			throw new Exception("OpenClipboard");
		scope(exit)
			CloseClipboard();
		if(auto dataHandle = GetClipboardData(1 /*CF_TEXT*/)) {
/*
Text format. Each line ends with a carriage return/linefeed (CR-LF) combination. A null character signals the end of the data. Use this format for ANSI text.

CF_UNICODETEXT
13
Unicode text format. Each line ends with a carriage return/linefeed (CR-LF) combination. A null character signals the end of the data.
*/

			if(auto data = cast(char*) GlobalLock(dataHandle)) {
				scope(exit)
					GlobalUnlock(dataHandle);

				// FIXME: CR/LF conversions
				// FIXME: wchar instead
				// FIXME: I might not have to copy it now that the receiver is in char[] instead of string
				string s;
				while(*data) {
					s ~= *data;
					data++;
				}
				receiver(s);
			}
		}
	} else version(X11) {
		getX11Selection!"CLIPBOARD"(clipboardOwner, receiver);
	} else static assert(0);
}

/// copies some text to the clipboard
void setClipboardText(SimpleWindow clipboardOwner, string text) {
	assert(clipboardOwner !is null);
	version(Windows) {
		if(OpenClipboard(clipboardOwner.impl.hwnd) == 0)
			throw new Exception("OpenClipboard");
		scope(exit)
			CloseClipboard();
		EmptyClipboard();

		auto handle = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_MOVEABLE, text.length + 1); // zero terminated
		if(handle is null) throw new Exception("GlobalAlloc");
		if(auto data = cast(char*) GlobalLock(handle)) {
			scope(failure)
				GlobalUnlock(handle);

			// FIXME: CR/LF conversions
			// FIXME: wchar instead
			data[0 .. text.length] = text[];
			data[text.length] = 0;

			GlobalUnlock(handle);
			SetClipboardData(1 /* CF_TEXT */, handle);
		}
	} else version(X11) {
		setX11Selection!"CLIPBOARD"(clipboardOwner, text);
	} else static assert(0);
}

// FIXME: functions for doing images would be nice too - CF_DIB and whatever it is on X would be ok if we took the MemoryImage from color.d, or an Image from here. hell it might even be a variadic template that sets all the formats in one call. that might be cool.

version(X11) {
	// and the PRIMARY on X, be sure to put these in static if(UsingSimpledisplayX11)

	/// Platform specific for X11
	@property Atom GetAtom(string name, bool create = false)(Display* display) {
		static Atom a;
		if(!a) {
			a = XInternAtom(display, name, !create);
		}
		if(a == None)
			throw new Exception("XInternAtom " ~ name ~ " " ~ (create ? "true":"false"));
		return a;
	}

	/// Asserts ownership of PRIMARY and copies the text into a buffer that clients can request later
	void setPrimarySelection(SimpleWindow window, string text) {
		setX11Selection!"PRIMARY"(window, text);
	}

	///
	void setX11Selection(string atomName)(SimpleWindow window, string text) {
		assert(window !is null);

		auto display = XDisplayConnection.get();
		XSetSelectionOwner(display, GetAtom!atomName(display), window.impl.window, 0 /* CurrentTime */);
		window.impl.setSelectionHandler = (XEvent ev) {
			XSelectionRequestEvent* event = &ev.xselectionrequest;
			XSelectionEvent selectionEvent;
			selectionEvent.type = EventType.SelectionNotify;
			selectionEvent.display = event.display;
			selectionEvent.requestor = event.requestor;
			selectionEvent.selection = event.selection;
			selectionEvent.time = event.time;
			selectionEvent.target = event.target;

			if(event.property == None)
				selectionEvent.property = event.target;
			if(event.target == XA_STRING) {
				selectionEvent.property = event.property;
				XChangeProperty (display,
					selectionEvent.requestor,
					selectionEvent.property,
					event.target,
					8 /* bits */, 0 /* PropModeReplace */,
					text.ptr, cast(int) text.length);
			} else if(event.target == GetAtom!"UTF8_STRING"(display)) {
				selectionEvent.property = event.property;
				XChangeProperty (display,
					selectionEvent.requestor,
					selectionEvent.property,
					event.target,
					8 /* bits */, 0 /* PropModeReplace */,
					text.ptr, cast(int) text.length);
			} else {
				selectionEvent.property = None; // I don't know how to handle this type...
			}

			XSendEvent(display, selectionEvent.requestor, false, 0, cast(XEvent*) &selectionEvent);
		};
	}

	///
	void getPrimarySelection(SimpleWindow window, void delegate(in char[]) handler) {
		getX11Selection!"PRIMARY"(window, handler);
	}

	///
	void getX11Selection(string atomName)(SimpleWindow window, void delegate(in char[]) handler) {
		assert(window !is null);

		auto display = XDisplayConnection.get();
		auto atom = GetAtom!atomName(display);

		window.impl.getSelectionHandler = handler;

		auto target = XA_STRING;
		//auto target = GetAtom!"UTF8_STRING"(display);

		// SDD_DATA is "simpledisplay.d data"
		XConvertSelection(display, atom, target, GetAtom!("SDD_DATA", true)(display), window.impl.window, 0 /*CurrentTime*/);
	}

	///
	void[] getX11PropertyData(Window window, Atom property, Atom type = AnyPropertyType) {
		Atom actualType;
		int actualFormat;
		arch_ulong actualItems;
		arch_ulong bytesRemaining;
		void* data;

		auto display = XDisplayConnection.get();
		if(XGetWindowProperty(display, window, property, 0, 0x7fffffff, false, type, &actualType, &actualFormat, &actualItems, &bytesRemaining, &data) == Success) {
			if(actualFormat == 0)
				return null;
			else {
				auto byteLength = actualItems * actualFormat / 8;
				auto d = new ubyte[](byteLength);
				d[] = cast(ubyte[]) data[0 .. byteLength];
				XFree(data);
				return d;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	/* defined in the systray spec */
	enum SYSTEM_TRAY_REQUEST_DOCK   = 0;
	enum SYSTEM_TRAY_BEGIN_MESSAGE  = 1;
	enum SYSTEM_TRAY_CANCEL_MESSAGE = 2;

	///
	class NotificationAreaIcon : CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent {
		NativeEventHandler getNativeEventHandler() {
			return delegate int(XEvent e) {
				switch(e.type) {
					case EventType.Expose:
						redraw();
					break;
					case EventType.ButtonPress:
						auto event = e.xbutton;
						if(onClick)
							onClick(event.button);
					break;
					case EventType.DestroyNotify:
						CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping.remove(nativeHandle);
					break;
					case EventType.ConfigureNotify:
						auto event = e.xconfigure;
						this.width = event.width;
						this.height = event.height;

						redraw();
					break;
					default: return 1;
				}
				return 1;
			};
		}

		void redraw() {
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get;
			auto gc = DefaultGC(display, DefaultScreen(display));
			XClearWindow(display, nativeHandle);

			XSetForeground(display, gc,
				cast(uint) 0 << 16 |
				cast(uint) 0 << 8 |
				cast(uint) 0);
			XFillRectangle(display, nativeHandle,
				gc, 0, 0, width, height);

			XSetForeground(display, gc,
				cast(uint) 0 << 16 |
				cast(uint) 127 << 8 |
				cast(uint) 0);
			XFillArc(display, nativeHandle,
				gc, width / 4, height / 4, width * 2 / 4, height * 2 / 4, 0 * 64, 360 * 64);
		}

		static Window getTrayOwner() {
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get;
			auto i = cast(int) DefaultScreen(display);
			if(i < 10 && i >= 0) {
				static Atom atom;
				if(atom == None)
					atom = XInternAtom(display, cast(char*) ("_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_S"~(cast(char) (i + '0')) ~ '\0').ptr, false);
				return XGetSelectionOwner(display, atom);
			}
			return None;
		}

		static void sendTrayMessage(arch_long message, arch_long d1, arch_long d2, arch_long d3) {
			auto to = getTrayOwner();
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get;
			XEvent ev;
			ev.xclient.type = EventType.ClientMessage;
			ev.xclient.window = to;
			ev.xclient.message_type = GetAtom!("_NET_SYSTEM_TRAY_OPCODE", true)(display);
			ev.xclient.format = 32;
			ev.xclient.data.l[0] = CurrentTime;
			ev.xclient.data.l[1] = message;
			ev.xclient.data.l[2] = d1;
			ev.xclient.data.l[3] = d2;
			ev.xclient.data.l[4] = d3;

			XSendEvent(XDisplayConnection.get, to, false, EventMask.NoEventMask, &ev);
		}

		///
		this(string name, MemoryImage icon, void delegate(int button) onClick) {
			if(getTrayOwner() == None)
				throw new Exception("No notification area found");
			// create window
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get;
			auto nativeWindow = XCreateWindow(display, RootWindow(display, DefaultScreen(display)), 0, 0, 16, 16, 0, 24, InputOutput, cast(Visual*) CopyFromParent, 0, null);
			assert(nativeWindow);

			this.onClick = onClick;

			nativeHandle = nativeWindow;

			XSelectInput(display, nativeWindow,
				EventMask.ButtonPressMask | EventMask.ExposureMask | EventMask.StructureNotifyMask);

			sendTrayMessage(SYSTEM_TRAY_REQUEST_DOCK, nativeWindow, 0, 0);
			CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping[nativeWindow] = this;
		}

		private Window nativeHandle;
		private int width = 12;
		private int height = 12;

		void delegate(int) onClick;

		@property void name(string n) {

		}

		@property void icon(MemoryImage i) {

		}
	}
}

version(D_Ddoc) {
	/// Platform-specific for Windows. Sends a string as key press and release events to the actively focused window (not necessarily your application)
	void sendSyntheticInput(wstring s);
	/// Platform-specific for Windows. Registers a global hotkey. Returns a registration ID.
	int registerHotKey(SimpleWindow window, uint modifiers, uint vk, void delegate() handler);
	/// Platform-specific for Windows. Unregisters a key. The id is the value returned by registerHotKey.
	void unregisterHotKey(SimpleWindow window, int id);
}

version(Windows) {
	/// Platform-specific
	void sendSyntheticInput(wstring s) {
		INPUT[] inputs;
		inputs.reserve(s.length * 2);

		foreach(wchar c; s) {
			INPUT input;
			input.type = INPUT_KEYBOARD;
			input.ki.wScan = c;
			input.ki.dwFlags = KEYEVENTF_UNICODE;
			inputs ~= input;

			input.ki.dwFlags |= KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
			inputs ~= input;
		}

		if(SendInput(cast(int) inputs.length, inputs.ptr, INPUT.sizeof) != inputs.length) {
			throw new Exception("SendInput failed");
		}
	}

	// global hotkey helper function

	/// Platform-specific for Windows
	int registerHotKey(SimpleWindow window, UINT modifiers, UINT vk, void delegate() handler) {
		static int hotkeyId = 0;
		int id = ++hotkeyId;
		if(!RegisterHotKey(window.impl.hwnd, id, modifiers, vk))
			throw new Exception("RegisterHotKey failed");

		static void delegate()[WPARAM][HWND] handlers;

		handlers[window.impl.hwnd][id] = handler;

		int delegate(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) oldHandler;

		auto nativeEventHandler = delegate int(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
			switch(msg) {
				// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646279%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
				case WM_HOTKEY:
					if(auto list = hwnd in handlers) {
						if(auto h = wParam in *list) {
							(*h)();
							return 0;
						}
					}
				goto default;
				default:
			}
			if(oldHandler)
				return oldHandler(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
			return 1; // pass it on
		};

		if(window.handleNativeEvent.funcptr !is nativeEventHandler.funcptr) {
			oldHandler = window.handleNativeEvent;
			window.handleNativeEvent = nativeEventHandler;
		}

		return id;
	}

	/// Platform-specific for Windows
	void unregisterHotKey(SimpleWindow window, int id) {
		if(!UnregisterHotKey(window.impl.hwnd, id))
			throw new Exception("UnregisterHotKey");
	}
}



/++
	$(LREF ScreenPainter) operations can use different operations to combine the color with the color on screen.

	See_Also:
		$(LREF ScreenPainter)
		$(LREF ScreenPainter.rasterOp)
+/
enum RasterOp {
	normal, /// Replaces the pixel.
	xor, /// Uses bitwise xor to draw.
}

// being phobos-free keeps the size WAY down
private const(char)* toStringz(string s) { return (s ~ '\0').ptr; }
private string[] split(in void[] a, char c) {
		string[] ret;
		size_t previous = 0;
		foreach(i, char ch; cast(ubyte[]) a) {
			if(ch == c) {
				ret ~= cast(string) a[previous .. i];
				previous = i + 1;
			}
		}
		if(previous != a.length)
			ret ~= cast(string) a[previous .. $];
		return ret;
	}

version(Windows) {
	// Since opengl32.lib isn't provided by default with dmd yet, OpenGL on Windows is opt in
	// rather than opt out, so simpledisplay.d just works with a stock dmd.
	version(with_opengl) {}
	else version = without_opengl;
}

version(without_opengl) {
	enum OpenGlOptions {
		no,
	}
} else {
	/++
		Determines if you want an OpenGL context created on the new window.


		Compile with `-version=with_opengl` on Windows if you want to use `yes`. See more: <a href="#topics-3d">in the 3d topic</a>.

		---
		import simpledisplay;
		void main() {
			auto window = new SimpleWindow(500, 500, "OpenGL Test", OpenGlOptions.yes);

			// Set up the matrix
			window.setAsCurrentOpenGlContext(); // make this window active

			// This is called on each frame, we will draw our scene
			window.redrawOpenGlScene = delegate() {

			};

			window.eventLoop(0);
		}
		---
	+/
	enum OpenGlOptions {
		no, /// No OpenGL context is created
		yes, /// Yes, create an OpenGL context
	}

	version(X11) {
		pragma(lib, "GL");
		pragma(lib, "GLU");
	} else version(Windows) {
		pragma(lib, "opengl32");
		pragma(lib, "glu32");
	} else
		static assert(0, "OpenGL not supported on your system yet. Try -version=X11 if you have X Windows available, or -version=without_opengl to go without.");
}

/// When you create a SimpleWindow, you can see its resizability to be one of these via the constructor...
enum Resizablity {
	fixedSize, /// the window cannot be resized
	allowResizing, /// the window can be resized. The buffer (if there is one) will automatically adjust size, but not stretch the contents. the windowResized delegate will be called so you can respond to the new size yourself.
	automaticallyScaleIfPossible, /// if possible, your drawing buffer will remain the same size and simply be automatically scaled to the new window size. If this is impossible, it will not allow the user to resize the window at all. Note: window.width and window.height WILL be adjusted, which might throw you off if you draw based on them, so keep track of your expected width and height separately. That way, when it is scaled, things won't be thrown off.

	// FIXME: automaticallyScaleIfPossible should adjust the OpenGL viewport on resize events
}


/++
	Alignment for $(ScreenPainter.drawText). Left, Center, or Right may be combined with VerticalTop, VerticalCenter, or VerticalBottom via bitwise or.
+/
enum TextAlignment : uint {
	Left = 0, ///
	Center = 1, ///
	Right = 2, ///

	VerticalTop = 0, ///
	VerticalCenter = 4, ///
	VerticalBottom = 8, ///
}

public import arsd.color; // no longer stand alone... :-( but i need a common type for this to work with images easily.


/++
	Keyboard press and release events
+/
struct KeyEvent {
	/// see table below. Always use the symbolic names, even for ASCII characters, since the actual numbers vary across platforms. See $(LREF Key)
	Key key;
	uint hardwareCode; /// A platform and hardware specific code for the key
	bool pressed; /// true if the key was just pressed, false if it was just released. note: released events aren't always sent...

	dchar character; ///

	uint modifierState; /// see enum $(LREF ModifierState). They are bitwise combined together.

	SimpleWindow window; /// associated Window
}

/// Type of a $(LREF MouseEvent)
enum MouseEventType : int {
	motion = 0, /// The mouse moved inside the window
	buttonPressed = 1, /// A mouse button was pressed or the wheel was spun
	buttonReleased = 2, /// A mouse button was released
}

// FIXME: mouse move should be distinct from presses+releases, so we can avoid subscribing to those events in X unnecessarily
/++
	Listen for this on your event listeners if you are interested in mouse action.
+/
struct MouseEvent {
	MouseEventType type; /// movement, press, release, double click. See $(LREF MouseEventType)

	int x; /// Current X position of the cursor when the event fired, relative to the upper-left corner of the window, reported in pixels. (0, 0) is the upper left, (window.width - 1, window.height - 1) is the lower right corner of the window.
	int y; /// Current Y position of the cursor when the event fired.

	int dx; /// Change in X position since last report
	int dy; /// Change in Y position since last report

	MouseButton button; /// See $(LREF MouseButton)
	int modifierState; /// See $(LREF ModifierState)

	SimpleWindow window; /// The window in which the event happened.
}

/// This gives a few more options to drawing lines and such
struct Pen {
	Color color; /// the foreground color
	int width = 1; /// width of the line
	Style style; /// See $(LREF Style) FIXME: not implemented
/+
// From X.h

#define LineSolid		0
#define LineOnOffDash		1
#define LineDoubleDash		2
       LineDou-        The full path of the line is drawn, but the
       bleDash         even dashes are filled differently from the
                       odd dashes (see fill-style) with CapButt
                       style used where even and odd dashes meet.



/* capStyle */

#define CapNotLast		0
#define CapButt			1
#define CapRound		2
#define CapProjecting		3

/* joinStyle */

#define JoinMiter		0
#define JoinRound		1
#define JoinBevel		2

/* fillStyle */

#define FillSolid		0
#define FillTiled		1
#define FillStippled		2
#define FillOpaqueStippled	3


+/
	/// NOT IMPLEMENTED
	enum Style {
		Solid, ///
		Dashed ///
	}
}


/++
	Represents an in-memory image in the format that the GUI expects, but with its raw data available to your program.


	On Windows, this means a device-independent bitmap. On X11, it is an XImage.

	$(NOTE If you are writing platform-aware code and need to know low-level details, uou may check `if(Image.impl.xshmAvailable)` to see if MIT-SHM is used on X11 targets to draw `Image`s and `Sprite`s. Use `static if(UsingSimpledisplayX11)` to determine if you are compiling for an X11 target.)

	Drawing an image to screen is not necessarily fast, but applying algorithms to draw to the image itself should be fast. An `Image` is also the first step in loading and displaying images loaded from files.

	If you intend to draw an image to screen several times, you will want to convert it into a $(LREF Sprite).

	$(IMPORTANT `Image` may represent a scarce, shared resource that persists across process termination, and should be disposed of properly. On X11, it uses the MIT-SHM extension, if available, which uses shared memory handles with the X server, which is a long-lived process that holds onto them after your program terminates if you don't free it.

	It is possible for your user's system to run out of these handles over time, forcing them to clean it up with extraordinary measures - their GUI is liable to stop working!

	Be sure these are cleaned up properly. simpledisplay will do its best to do the right thing, including cleaning them up in garbage collection sweeps (one of which is run at most normal program terminations) and catching some deadly signals. It will almost always do the right thing. But, this is no substitute for you managing the resource properly yourself. (And try not to segfault, as recovery from them is alway dicey!)

	Please call `destroy(image);` when you are done with it. The easiest way to do this is with scope:
	
	---
		auto image = new Image(256, 256);
		scope(exit) destroy(image);
	---

	As long as you don't hold on to it outside the scope.

	I might change it to be an owned pointer at some point in the future.
	
	)

	Drawing pixels on the image may be simple, using the `opIndexAssign` function, but
	you can also often get a fair amount of speedup by getting the raw data format and
	writing some custom code.

	FIXME INSERT EXAMPLES HERE


+/
final class Image {
	///
	this(int width, int height) {
		this.width = width;
		this.height = height;

		impl.createImage(width, height);
	}

	///
	this(Size size) {
		this(size.width, size.height);
	}

	~this() {
		impl.dispose();
	}

	// these numbers are used for working with rawData itself, skipping putPixel and getPixel
	/// if you do the math yourself you might be able to optimize it. Call these functions only once and cache the value.
	pure const @system nothrow {
		/*
			To use these to draw a blue rectangle with size WxH at position X,Y...

			// make certain that it will fit before we proceed
			enforce(X + W <= img.width && Y + H <= img.height); // you could also adjust the size to clip it, but be sure not to run off since this here will do raw pointers with no bounds checks!

			// gather all the values you'll need up front. These can be kept until the image changes size if you want
			// (though calculating them isn't really that expensive).
			auto nextLineAdjustment = img.adjustmentForNextLine();
			auto offR = img.redByteOffset();
			auto offB = img.blueByteOffset();
			auto offG = img.greenByteOffset();
			auto bpp = img.bytesPerPixel();

			auto data = img.getDataPointer();

			// figure out the starting byte offset
			auto offset = img.offsetForTopLeftPixel() + nextLineAdjustment*Y + bpp * X;

			auto startOfLine = data + offset; // get our pointer lined up on the first pixel

			// and now our drawing loop for the rectangle
			foreach(y; 0 .. H) {
				auto data = startOfLine; // we keep the start of line separately so moving to the next line is simple and portable
				foreach(x; 0 .. W) {
					// write our color
					data[offR] = 0;
					data[offG] = 0;
					data[offB] = 255;

					data += bpp; // moving to the next pixel is just an addition...
				}
				startOfLine += nextLineAdjustment;
			}


			As you can see, the loop itself was very simple thanks to the calculations being moved outside.

			FIXME: I wonder if I can make the pixel formats consistently 32 bit across platforms, so the color offsets
			can be made into a bitmask or something so we can write them as *uint...
		*/

		///
		int offsetForTopLeftPixel() {
			version(X11) {
				return 0;
			} else version(Windows) {
				return (((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4) * (height - 1);
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}

		///
		int offsetForPixel(int x, int y) {
			version(X11) {
				auto offset = (y * width + x) * 4;
				return offset;
			} else version(Windows) {
				auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
				// remember, bmps are upside down
				auto offset = itemsPerLine * (height - y - 1) + x * 3;
				return offset;
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}

		///
		int adjustmentForNextLine() {
			version(X11) {
				return width * 4;
			} else version(Windows) {
				// windows bmps are upside down, so the adjustment is actually negative
				return -((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}

		/// once you have the position of a pixel, use these to get to the proper color
		int redByteOffset() {
			version(X11) {
				return 2;
			} else version(Windows) {
				return 2;
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}

		///
		int greenByteOffset() {
			version(X11) {
				return 1;
			} else version(Windows) {
				return 1;
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}

		///
		int blueByteOffset() {
			version(X11) {
				return 0;
			} else version(Windows) {
				return 0;
			} else static assert(0, "fill in this info for other OSes");
		}
	}

	///
	final void putPixel(int x, int y, Color c) {
		if(x < 0 || x >= width)
			return;
		if(y < 0 || y >= height)
			return;

		impl.setPixel(x, y, c);
	}

	///
	final Color getPixel(int x, int y) {
		if(x < 0 || x >= width)
			return Color.transparent;
		if(y < 0 || y >= height)
			return Color.transparent;

		return impl.getPixel(x, y);
	}

	///
	final void opIndexAssign(Color c, int x, int y) {
		putPixel(x, y, c);
	}

	///
	TrueColorImage toTrueColorImage() {
		auto tci = new TrueColorImage(width, height);
		convertToRgbaBytes(tci.imageData.bytes);
		return tci;
	}

	///
	static Image fromMemoryImage(MemoryImage i) {
		auto tci = i.getAsTrueColorImage();
		auto img = new Image(tci.width, tci.height);
		img.setRgbaBytes(tci.imageData.bytes);
		return img;
	}

	/// this is here for interop with arsd.image. where can be a TrueColorImage's data member
	/// if you pass in a buffer, it will put it right there. length must be width*height*4 already
	/// if you pass null, it will allocate a new one.
	ubyte[] getRgbaBytes(ubyte[] where = null) {
		if(where is null)
			where = new ubyte[this.width*this.height*4];
		convertToRgbaBytes(where);
		return where;
	}

	/// this is here for interop with arsd.image. from can be a TrueColorImage's data member
	void setRgbaBytes(in ubyte[] from ) {
		assert(from.length == this.width * this.height * 4);
		setFromRgbaBytes(from);
	}

	// FIXME: make properly cross platform by getting rgba right

	/// warning: this is not portable across platforms because the data format can change
	ubyte* getDataPointer() {
		return impl.rawData;
	}

	/// for use with getDataPointer
	final int bytesPerLine() const pure @safe nothrow {
		version(Windows)
			return ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
		else version(X11)
			return 4 * width;
		else version(OSXCocoa)
			return 4 * width;
		else version(html5)
			return 4 * width;
		else static assert(0);
	}

	/// for use with getDataPointer
	final int bytesPerPixel() const pure @safe nothrow {
		version(Windows)
			return 3;
		else version(X11)
			return 4;
		else version(OSXCocoa)
			return 4;
		else version(html5)
			return 4;
		else static assert(0);
	}

	///
	immutable int width;

	///
	immutable int height;
    //private:
	mixin NativeImageImplementation!() impl;
}

/// A convenience function to pop up a window displaying the image.
/// If you pass a win, it will draw the image in it. Otherwise, it will
/// create a window with the size of the image and run its event loop, closing
/// when a key is pressed.
void displayImage(Image image, SimpleWindow win = null) {
	if(win is null) {
		win = new SimpleWindow(image);
		{
			auto p = win.draw;
			p.drawImage(Point(0, 0), image);
		}
		win.eventLoop(0,
			(KeyEvent ev) {
				win.close();
			} );
	} else {
		win.image = image;
	}
}

/**
	The 2D drawing proxy.


	Most functions use the outlineColor instead of taking a color themselves.
	ScreenPainter is reference counted and draws its buffer to the screen when its
	final reference goes out of scope.
*/
struct ScreenPainter {
	SimpleWindow window;
	this(SimpleWindow window, NativeWindowHandle handle) {
		this.window = window;
		if(window.activeScreenPainter !is null) {
			impl = window.activeScreenPainter;
			impl.referenceCount++;
		//	writeln("refcount ++ ", impl.referenceCount);
		} else {
			impl = new ScreenPainterImplementation;
			impl.window = window;
			impl.create(handle);
			impl.referenceCount = 1;
			window.activeScreenPainter = impl;
		//	writeln("constructed");
		}
	}

	~this() {
		impl.referenceCount--;
		//writeln("refcount -- ", impl.referenceCount);
		if(impl.referenceCount == 0) {
			//writeln("destructed");
			impl.dispose();
			window.activeScreenPainter = null;
		}
	}

	// @disable this(this) { } // compiler bug? the linker is bitching about it beind defined twice

	this(this) {
		impl.referenceCount++;
		//writeln("refcount ++ ", impl.referenceCount);
	}

	///
	int fontHeight() {
		return impl.fontHeight();
	}

	///
	@property void pen(Pen p) {
		impl.pen(p);
	}

	///
	@property void outlineColor(Color c) {
		impl.outlineColor(c);
	}

	///
	@property void fillColor(Color c) {
		impl.fillColor(c);
	}

	///
	@property void rasterOp(RasterOp op) {
		impl.rasterOp(op);
	}

	private void transform(ref Point p) {
		p.x += originX;
		p.y += originY;
	}

	int originX;
	int originY;

	void updateDisplay() {
		// FIXME this should do what the dtor does
	}

	/// Scrolls the contents in the bounding rectangle by dx, dy. Positive dx means scroll left (make space available at the right), positive dy means scroll up (make space available at the bottom)
	void scrollArea(Point upperLeft, int width, int height, int dx, int dy) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		version(Windows) {
			// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb787589%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
			RECT scroll = RECT(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, upperLeft.x + width, upperLeft.y + height);
			RECT clip = scroll;
			RECT uncovered;
			HRGN hrgn;
			if(!ScrollDC(impl.hdc, -dx, -dy, &scroll, &clip, hrgn, &uncovered))
				throw new Exception("ScrollDC");

		} else version(X11) {
			// FIXME: clip stuff outside this rectangle
			XCopyArea(impl.display, impl.d, impl.d, impl.gc, upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, width, height, upperLeft.x - dx, upperLeft.y - dy);
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	///
	void clear() {
		fillColor = Color(255, 255, 255);
		outlineColor = Color(255, 255, 255);
		drawRectangle(Point(0, 0), window.width, window.height);
	}

	///
	void drawPixmap(Sprite s, Point upperLeft) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		impl.drawPixmap(s, upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y);
	}

	///
	void drawImage(Point upperLeft, Image i, Point upperLeftOfImage = Point(0, 0), int w = 0, int h = 0) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		if(w == 0 || w > i.width)
			w = i.width;
		if(h == 0 || h > i.height)
			h = i.height;
		if(upperLeftOfImage.x < 0)
			upperLeftOfImage.x = 0;
		if(upperLeftOfImage.y < 0)
			upperLeftOfImage.y = 0;

		impl.drawImage(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, i, upperLeftOfImage.x, upperLeftOfImage.y, w, h);
	}

	///
	Size textSize(string text) {
		return impl.textSize(text);
	}

	///
	void drawText(Point upperLeft, string text, Point lowerRight = Point(0, 0), uint alignment = 0) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		if(lowerRight.x != 0 || lowerRight.y != 0)
			transform(lowerRight);
		impl.drawText(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, lowerRight.x, lowerRight.y, text, alignment);
	}

	static struct TextDrawingContext {
		Point boundingBoxUpperLeft;
		Point boundingBoxLowerRight;

		Point currentLocation;

		Point lastDrewUpperLeft;
		Point lastDrewLowerRight;

		// how do i do right aligned rich text?
		// i kinda want to do a pre-made drawing then right align
		// draw the whole block.
		//
		// That's exactly the diff: inline vs block stuff.

		// I need to get coordinates of an inline section out too,
		// not just a bounding box, but a series of bounding boxes
		// should be ok. Consider what's needed to detect a click
		// on a link in the middle of a paragraph breaking a line.
		//
		// Generally, we should be able to get the rectangles of
		// any portion we draw.
		//
		// It also needs to tell what text is left if it overflows
		// out of the box, so we can do stuff like float images around
		// it. It should not attempt to draw a letter that would be
		// clipped.
		//
		// I might also turn off word wrap stuff.
	}

	void drawText(TextDrawingContext context, string text, uint alignment = 0) {
		// FIXME
	}

	/// Drawing an individual pixel is slow. Avoid it if possible.
	void drawPixel(Point where) {
		transform(where);
		impl.drawPixel(where.x, where.y);
	}


	/// Draws a pen using the current pen / outlineColor
	void drawLine(Point starting, Point ending) {
		transform(starting);
		transform(ending);
		impl.drawLine(starting.x, starting.y, ending.x, ending.y);
	}

	/// Draws a rectangle using the current pen/outline color for the border and brush/fill color for the insides
	/// The outer lines, inclusive of x = 0, y = 0, x = width - 1, and y = height - 1 are drawn with the outlineColor
	/// The rest of the pixels are drawn with the fillColor. If fillColor is transparent, those pixels are not drawn.
	void drawRectangle(Point upperLeft, int width, int height) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		impl.drawRectangle(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, width, height);
	}

	/// Arguments are the points of the bounding rectangle
	void drawEllipse(Point upperLeft, Point lowerRight) {
		transform(upperLeft);
		transform(lowerRight);
		impl.drawEllipse(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, lowerRight.x, lowerRight.y);
	}

	void drawArc(Point upperLeft, int width, int height, int start, int finish) {
		// FIXME: not actually implemented
		transform(upperLeft);
		impl.drawArc(upperLeft.x, upperLeft.y, width, height, start, finish);
	}

	/// .
	void drawPolygon(Point[] vertexes) {
		foreach(vertex; vertexes)
			transform(vertex);
		impl.drawPolygon(vertexes);
	}


	// and do a draw/fill in a single call maybe. Windows can do it... but X can't, though it could do two calls.

	//mixin NativeScreenPainterImplementation!() impl;


	// HACK: if I mixin the impl directly, it won't let me override the copy
	// constructor! The linker complains about there being multiple definitions.
	// I'll make the best of it and reference count it though.
	ScreenPainterImplementation* impl;
}

	// HACK: I need a pointer to the implementation so it's separate
	struct ScreenPainterImplementation {
		SimpleWindow window;
		int referenceCount;
		mixin NativeScreenPainterImplementation!();
	}

// FIXME: i haven't actually tested the sprite class on MS Windows

/**
	Sprites are optimized for fast drawing on the screen, but slow for direct pixel
	access. They are best for drawing a relatively unchanging image repeatedly on the screen.


	On X11, this corresponds to an `XPixmap`. On Windows, it still uses a bitmap,
	though I'm not sure that's ideal and the implementation might change.

	You create one by giving a window and an image. It optimizes for that window,
	and copies the image into it to use as the initial picture. Creating a sprite
	can be quite slow (especially over a network connection) so you should do it
	as little as possible and just hold on to your sprite handles after making them.
	simpledisplay does try to do its best though, using the XSHM extension if available,
	but you should still write your code as if it will always be slow.

	Then you can use `sprite.drawAt(painter, point);` to draw it, which should be
	a fast operation - much faster than drawing the Image itself every time.

	`Sprite` represents a scarce resource which should be freed when you
	are done with it. Use the `dispose` method to do this. Do not use a `Sprite`
	after it has been disposed. If you are unsure about this, don't take chances,
	just let the garbage collector do it for you. But ideally, you can manage its
	lifetime more efficiently.

	$(NOTE `Sprite`, like the rest of simpledisplay's `ScreenPainter`, does not
	support alpha blending in its drawing at this time. That might change in the
	future, but if you need alpha blending right now, use OpenGL instead. See
	`gamehelpers.d` for a similar class to `Sprite` that uses OpenGL: `OpenGlTexture`.)

	FIXME: you are supposed to be able to draw on these similarly to on windows.
	ScreenPainter needs to be refactored to allow that though. So until that is
	done, consider a `Sprite` to have const contents.
*/
class Sprite {
	// FIXME: we should actually be able to draw upon these, same as windows
	//ScreenPainter drawUpon();

	/// Makes a sprite based on the image with the initial contents from the Image
	this(SimpleWindow win, Image i) {
		this._width = i.width;
		this._height = i.height;

		version(X11) {
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get();
			handle = XCreatePixmap(display, cast(Drawable) win.window, width, height, 24);
			if(i.usingXshm)
			XShmPutImage(display, cast(Drawable) handle, DefaultGC(display, DefaultScreen(display)), i.handle, 0, 0, 0, 0, i.width, i.height, false);
			else
			XPutImage(display, cast(Drawable) handle, DefaultGC(display, DefaultScreen(display)), i.handle, 0, 0, 0, 0, i.width, i.height);
		} else version(Windows) {
			BITMAPINFO infoheader;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biSize = infoheader.bmiHeader.sizeof;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biWidth = width;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biHeight = height;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 24;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;

			ubyte* rawData;

			// FIXME: this should prolly be a device dependent bitmap...
			handle = CreateDIBSection(
				null,
				&infoheader,
				DIB_RGB_COLORS,
				cast(void**) &rawData,
				null,
				0);

			if(handle is null)
				throw new Exception("couldn't create pixmap");

			auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			auto arrLength = itemsPerLine * height;
			rawData[0..arrLength] = i.rawData[0..arrLength];
		} else version(OSXCocoa) {
			// FIXME: I have no idea if this is even any good
			ubyte* rawData;
        
			auto colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
			context = CGBitmapContextCreate(null, width, height, 8, 4*width,
                                            colorSpace,
                                            kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast
                                                   |kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
            		CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
            		rawData = CGBitmapContextGetData(context);

			auto rdl = (width * height * 4);
			rawData[0 .. rdl] = i.rawData[0 .. rdl];
		} else version(html5) {
			handle = nextHandle;
			nextHandle++;
			Html5.createImage(handle, i);
		} else static assert(0);
	}

	/++
		Draws the image on the specified painter at the specified point. The point is the upper-left point where the image will be drawn.
	+/
	void drawAt(ScreenPainter painter, Point where) {
		painter.drawPixmap(this, where);
	}


	/// Call this when you're ready to get rid of it
	void dispose() {
		version(X11) {
			if(handle)
				XFreePixmap(XDisplayConnection.get(), handle);
			handle = None;
		} else version(Windows) {
			if(handle)
				DeleteObject(handle);
			handle = null;
		} else version(OSXCocoa) {
			if(context)
				CGContextRelease(context);
			context = null;
		} else version(html5) {
			if(handle)
				Html5.freeImage(handle);
			handle = 0;
		} else static assert(0);

	}

	~this() {
		dispose();
	}

	///
	final @property int width() { return _width; }

	///
	final @property int height() { return _height; }

	private:

	int _width;
	int _height;
	version(X11)
		Pixmap handle;
	else version(Windows)
		HBITMAP handle;
	else version(OSXCocoa)
		CGContextRef context;
	else version(html5) {
		static int nextHandle;
		int handle;
	}
	else static assert(0);
}

/// Flushes any pending gui buffers. Necessary if you are using with_eventloop with X - flush after you create your windows but before you call loop()
void flushGui() {
	version(X11) {
		auto dpy = XDisplayConnection.get();
		XLockDisplay(dpy);
		scope(exit) XUnlockDisplay(dpy);
		XFlush(dpy);
	}
}

// Internal
interface CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent {
	NativeEventHandler getNativeEventHandler();

	private static CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent[NativeWindowHandle] nativeHandleMapping;
}

version(X11)
/++
	State of keys on mouse events, especially motion.

	Do not trust the actual integer values in this, they are platform-specific. Always use the names.
+/
enum ModifierState : uint {
	shift = 1, ///
	capsLock = 2, ///
	ctrl = 4, ///
	alt = 8, ///
	numLock = 16, ///
	windows = 64, ///

	// these aren't available on Windows for key events, so don't use them for that unless your app is X only.
	leftButtonDown = 256, ///
	middleButtonDown = 512, ///
	rightButtonDown = 1024, ///
}
else version(Windows)
enum ModifierState : uint {
	shift = 4,
	ctrl = 8,

	// i'm not sure if the next two are available
	alt = 256,
	windows = 512,

	capsLock = 1024,
	numLock = 2048,

	// not available on key events
	leftButtonDown = 1,
	middleButtonDown = 16,
	rightButtonDown = 2,
}

/// The names assume a right-handed mouse. These are bitwise combined on the events that use them
enum MouseButton : int {
	left = 1, ///
	right = 2, ///
	middle = 4, ///
	wheelUp = 8, ///
	wheelDown = 16, ///
}

version(X11) {
	// FIXME: match ASCII whenever we can. Most of it is already there,
	// but there's a few exceptions and mismatches with Windows

	/// Do not trust the numeric values as they are platform-specific. Always use the symbolic name.
	enum Key {
		Escape = 0xff1b, ///
		F1 = 0xffbe, ///
		F2 = 0xffbf, ///
		F3 = 0xffc0, ///
		F4 = 0xffc1, ///
		F5 = 0xffc2, ///
		F6 = 0xffc3, ///
		F7 = 0xffc4, ///
		F8 = 0xffc5, ///
		F9 = 0xffc6, ///
		F10 = 0xffc7, ///
		F11 = 0xffc8, ///
		F12 = 0xffc9, ///
		PrintScreen = 0xff61, ///
		ScrollLock = 0xff14, ///
		Pause = 0xff13, ///
		Grave = 0x60, /// The $(BACKTICK) ~ key
		// number keys across the top of the keyboard
		N1 = 0x31, /// Number key atop the keyboard
		N2 = 0x32, ///
		N3 = 0x33, ///
		N4 = 0x34, ///
		N5 = 0x35, ///
		N6 = 0x36, ///
		N7 = 0x37, ///
		N8 = 0x38, ///
		N9 = 0x39, ///
		N0 = 0x30, ///
		Dash = 0x2d, ///
		Equals = 0x3d, ///
		Backslash = 0x5c, /// The \ | key
		Backspace = 0xff08, ///
		Insert = 0xff63, ///
		Home = 0xff50, ///
		PageUp = 0xff55, ///
		Delete = 0xffff, ///
		End = 0xff57, ///
		PageDown = 0xff56, ///
		Up = 0xff52, ///
		Down = 0xff54, ///
		Left = 0xff51, ///
		Right = 0xff53, ///

		Tab = 0xff09, ///
		Q = 0x71, ///
		W = 0x77, ///
		E = 0x65, ///
		R = 0x72, ///
		T = 0x74, ///
		Y = 0x79, ///
		U = 0x75, ///
		I = 0x69, ///
		O = 0x6f, ///
		P = 0x70, ///
		LeftBracket = 0x5b, /// the [ { key
		RightBracket = 0x5d, /// the ] } key
		CapsLock = 0xffe5, ///
		A = 0x61, ///
		S = 0x73, ///
		D = 0x64, ///
		F = 0x66, ///
		G = 0x67, ///
		H = 0x68, ///
		J = 0x6a, ///
		K = 0x6b, ///
		L = 0x6c, ///
		Semicolon = 0x3b, ///
		Apostrophe = 0x27, ///
		Enter = 0xff0d, ///
		Shift = 0xffe1, ///
		Z = 0x7a, ///
		X = 0x78, ///
		C = 0x63, ///
		V = 0x76, ///
		B = 0x62, ///
		N = 0x6e, ///
		M = 0x6d, ///
		Comma = 0x2c, ///
		Period = 0x2e, ///
		Slash = 0x2f, /// the / ? key
		Shift_r = 0xffe2, /// Note: this isn't sent on all computers, sometimes it just sends Shift, so don't rely on it. If it is supported though, it is the right Shift key, as opposed to the left Shift key
		Ctrl = 0xffe3, ///
		Windows = 0xffeb, ///
		Alt = 0xffe9, ///
		Space = 0x20, ///
		Alt_r = 0xffea, /// ditto of shift_r
		Windows_r = 0xffec, ///
		Menu = 0xff67, ///
		Ctrl_r = 0xffe4, ///

		NumLock = 0xff7f, ///
		Divide = 0xffaf, /// The / key on the number pad
		Multiply = 0xffaa, /// The * key on the number pad
		Minus = 0xffad, /// The - key on the number pad
		Plus = 0xffab, /// The + key on the number pad
		PadEnter = 0xff8d, /// Numberpad enter key
		Pad1 = 0xff9c, /// Numberpad keys
		Pad2 = 0xff99, ///
		Pad3 = 0xff9b, ///
		Pad4 = 0xff96, ///
		Pad5 = 0xff9d, ///
		Pad6 = 0xff98, ///
		Pad7 = 0xff95, ///
		Pad8 = 0xff97, ///
		Pad9 = 0xff9a, ///
		Pad0 = 0xff9e, ///
		PadDot = 0xff9f, ///
	}
} else version(Windows) {
	// the character here is for en-us layouts and for illustration only
	// if you actually want to get characters, wait for character events
	// (the argument to your event handler is simply a dchar)
	// those will be converted by the OS for the right locale.

	enum Key {
		Escape = 0x1b,
		F1 = 0x70,
		F2 = 0x71,
		F3 = 0x72,
		F4 = 0x73,
		F5 = 0x74,
		F6 = 0x75,
		F7 = 0x76,
		F8 = 0x77,
		F9 = 0x78,
		F10 = 0x79,
		F11 = 0x7a,
		F12 = 0x7b,
		PrintScreen = 0x2c,
		ScrollLock = -2, // FIXME
		Pause = -3, // FIXME
		Grave = 0xc0,
		// number keys across the top of the keyboard
		N1 = 0x31,
		N2 = 0x32,
		N3 = 0x33,
		N4 = 0x34,
		N5 = 0x35,
		N6 = 0x36,
		N7 = 0x37,
		N8 = 0x38,
		N9 = 0x39,
		N0 = 0x30,
		Dash = 0xbd,
		Equals = 0xbb,
		Backslash = 0xdc,
		Backspace = 0x08,
		Insert = 0x2d,
		Home = 0x24,
		PageUp = 0x21,
		Delete = 0x2e,
		End = 0x23,
		PageDown = 0x22,
		Up = 0x26,
		Down = 0x28,
		Left = 0x25,
		Right = 0x27,

		Tab = 0x09,
		Q = 0x51,
		W = 0x57,
		E = 0x45,
		R = 0x52,
		T = 0x54,
		Y = 0x59,
		U = 0x55,
		I = 0x49,
		O = 0x4f,
		P = 0x50,
		LeftBracket = 0xdb,
		RightBracket = 0xdd,
		CapsLock = 0x14,
		A = 0x41,
		S = 0x53,
		D = 0x44,
		F = 0x46,
		G = 0x47,
		H = 0x48,
		J = 0x4a,
		K = 0x4b,
		L = 0x4c,
		Semicolon = 0xba,
		Apostrophe = 0xde,
		Enter = 0x0d,
		Shift = 0x10,
		Z = 0x5a,
		X = 0x58,
		C = 0x43,
		V = 0x56,
		B = 0x42,
		N = 0x4e,
		M = 0x4d,
		Comma = 0xbc,
		Period = 0xbe,
		Slash = 0xbf,
		Shift_r = -4, // FIXME Note: this isn't sent on all computers, sometimes it just sends Shift, so don't rely on it
		Ctrl = 0x11,
		Windows = 0x5b,
		Alt = -5, // FIXME
		Space = 0x20,
		Alt_r = 0xffea, // ditto of shift_r
		Windows_r = -6, // FIXME
		Menu = 0x5d,
		Ctrl_r = -7, // FIXME

		NumLock = 0x90,
		Divide = 0x6f,
		Multiply = 0x6a,
		Minus = 0x6d,
		Plus = 0x6b,
		PadEnter = -8, // FIXME
		// FIXME for the rest of these:
		Pad1 = 0xff9c,
		Pad2 = 0xff99,
		Pad3 = 0xff9b,
		Pad4 = 0xff96,
		Pad5 = 0xff9d,
		Pad6 = 0xff98,
		Pad7 = 0xff95,
		Pad8 = 0xff97,
		Pad9 = 0xff9a,
		Pad0 = 0xff9e,
		PadDot = 0xff9f,
	}

	// I'm keeping this around for reference purposes
	// ideally all these buttons will be listed for all platforms,
	// but now now I'm just focusing on my US keyboard
	version(none)
	enum Key {
		LBUTTON = 0x01,
		RBUTTON = 0x02,
		CANCEL = 0x03,
		MBUTTON = 0x04,
		//static if (_WIN32_WINNT > =  0x500) {
		XBUTTON1 = 0x05,
		XBUTTON2 = 0x06,
		//}
		BACK = 0x08,
		TAB = 0x09,
		CLEAR = 0x0C,
		RETURN = 0x0D,
		SHIFT = 0x10,
		CONTROL = 0x11,
		MENU = 0x12,
		PAUSE = 0x13,
		CAPITAL = 0x14,
		KANA = 0x15,
		HANGEUL = 0x15,
		HANGUL = 0x15,
		JUNJA = 0x17,
		FINAL = 0x18,
		HANJA = 0x19,
		KANJI = 0x19,
		ESCAPE = 0x1B,
		CONVERT = 0x1C,
		NONCONVERT = 0x1D,
		ACCEPT = 0x1E,
		MODECHANGE = 0x1F,
		SPACE = 0x20,
		PRIOR = 0x21,
		NEXT = 0x22,
		END = 0x23,
		HOME = 0x24,
		LEFT = 0x25,
		UP = 0x26,
		RIGHT = 0x27,
		DOWN = 0x28,
		SELECT = 0x29,
		PRINT = 0x2A,
		EXECUTE = 0x2B,
		SNAPSHOT = 0x2C,
		INSERT = 0x2D,
		DELETE = 0x2E,
		HELP = 0x2F,
		LWIN = 0x5B,
		RWIN = 0x5C,
		APPS = 0x5D,
		SLEEP = 0x5F,
		NUMPAD0 = 0x60,
		NUMPAD1 = 0x61,
		NUMPAD2 = 0x62,
		NUMPAD3 = 0x63,
		NUMPAD4 = 0x64,
		NUMPAD5 = 0x65,
		NUMPAD6 = 0x66,
		NUMPAD7 = 0x67,
		NUMPAD8 = 0x68,
		NUMPAD9 = 0x69,
		MULTIPLY = 0x6A,
		ADD = 0x6B,
		SEPARATOR = 0x6C,
		SUBTRACT = 0x6D,
		DECIMAL = 0x6E,
		DIVIDE = 0x6F,
		F1 = 0x70,
		F2 = 0x71,
		F3 = 0x72,
		F4 = 0x73,
		F5 = 0x74,
		F6 = 0x75,
		F7 = 0x76,
		F8 = 0x77,
		F9 = 0x78,
		F10 = 0x79,
		F11 = 0x7A,
		F12 = 0x7B,
		F13 = 0x7C,
		F14 = 0x7D,
		F15 = 0x7E,
		F16 = 0x7F,
		F17 = 0x80,
		F18 = 0x81,
		F19 = 0x82,
		F20 = 0x83,
		F21 = 0x84,
		F22 = 0x85,
		F23 = 0x86,
		F24 = 0x87,
		NUMLOCK = 0x90,
		SCROLL = 0x91,
		LSHIFT = 0xA0,
		RSHIFT = 0xA1,
		LCONTROL = 0xA2,
		RCONTROL = 0xA3,
		LMENU = 0xA4,
		RMENU = 0xA5,
		//static if (_WIN32_WINNT > =  0x500) {
		BROWSER_BACK = 0xA6,
		BROWSER_FORWARD = 0xA7,
		BROWSER_REFRESH = 0xA8,
		BROWSER_STOP = 0xA9,
		BROWSER_SEARCH = 0xAA,
		BROWSER_FAVORITES = 0xAB,
		BROWSER_HOME = 0xAC,
		VOLUME_MUTE = 0xAD,
		VOLUME_DOWN = 0xAE,
		VOLUME_UP = 0xAF,
		MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 0xB0,
		MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 0xB1,
		MEDIA_STOP = 0xB2,
		MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 0xB3,
		LAUNCH_MAIL = 0xB4,
		LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 0xB5,
		LAUNCH_APP1 = 0xB6,
		LAUNCH_APP2 = 0xB7,
		//}
		OEM_1 = 0xBA,
		//static if (_WIN32_WINNT > =  0x500) {
		OEM_PLUS = 0xBB,
		OEM_COMMA = 0xBC,
		OEM_MINUS = 0xBD,
		OEM_PERIOD = 0xBE,
		//}
		OEM_2 = 0xBF,
		OEM_3 = 0xC0,
		OEM_4 = 0xDB,
		OEM_5 = 0xDC,
		OEM_6 = 0xDD,
		OEM_7 = 0xDE,
		OEM_8 = 0xDF,
		//static if (_WIN32_WINNT > =  0x500) {
		OEM_102 = 0xE2,
		//}
		PROCESSKEY = 0xE5,
		//static if (_WIN32_WINNT > =  0x500) {
		PACKET = 0xE7,
		//}
		ATTN = 0xF6,
		CRSEL = 0xF7,
		EXSEL = 0xF8,
		EREOF = 0xF9,
		PLAY = 0xFA,
		ZOOM = 0xFB,
		NONAME = 0xFC,
		PA1 = 0xFD,
		OEM_CLEAR = 0xFE,
	}

}

/* Additional utilities */


Color fromHsl(real h, real s, real l) {
	return arsd.color.fromHsl([h,s,l]);
}



/* ********** What follows is the system-specific implementations *********/
version(Windows) {


	// helpers for making HICONs from MemoryImages
	class WindowsIcon {
		struct Win32Icon(int colorCount) {
			uint biSize;
			int biWidth;
			int biHeight;
			ushort biPlanes;
			ushort biBitCount;
			uint biCompression;
			uint biSizeImage;
			int biXPelsPerMeter;
			int biYPelsPerMeter;
			uint biClrUsed;
			uint biClrImportant;
			RGBQUAD[colorCount] biColors;
			/* Pixels:
			Uint8 pixels[]
			*/
			/* Mask:
			Uint8 mask[]
			*/

			ubyte[4096] data;

			void fromMemoryImage(MemoryImage mi, out int icon_len, out int width, out int height) {
				width = mi.width;
				height = mi.height;

				auto indexedImage = cast(IndexedImage) mi;
				if(indexedImage is null)
					indexedImage = quantize(mi.getAsTrueColorImage());

				assert(width %8 == 0); // i don't want padding nor do i want the and mask to get fancy
				assert(height %4 == 0);
				
				int icon_plen = height*((width+3)&~3);
				int icon_mlen = icon_plen / 8; // height*((((width+7)/8)+3)&~3);
				icon_len = 40+icon_plen+icon_mlen + cast(int) RGBQUAD.sizeof * colorCount;

				biSize = 40;
				biWidth = width;
				biHeight = height*2;
				biPlanes = 1;
				biBitCount = 8;
				biSizeImage = icon_plen+icon_mlen;

				int offset = 0;
				int andOff = icon_plen * 8; // the and offset is in bits
				for(int y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
					int off2 = y * width;
					foreach(x; 0 .. width) {
						auto b = indexedImage.data[off2 + x];
						data[offset] = b;
						offset++;

						auto andBit = andOff % 8;
						auto andIdx = andOff / 8;
						assert(b < indexedImage.palette.length);
						// this is anded to the destination, since and 0 means erase,
						// we want that to  be opaque, and 1 for transparent
						data[andIdx] |= ((indexedImage.palette[b].a < 127) ? (1 << (7-andBit)) : 0);

						andOff++;
					}
				}

				foreach(idx, entry; indexedImage.palette) {
					biColors[idx].rgbBlue = entry.b;
					biColors[idx].rgbGreen = entry.g;
					biColors[idx].rgbRed = entry.r;
				}

				/*
				data[0..icon_plen] = getFlippedUnfilteredDatastream(png);
				data[icon_plen..icon_plen+icon_mlen] = getANDMask(png);
				//icon_win32.biColors[1] = Win32Icon.RGBQUAD(0,255,0,0);
				auto pngMap = fetchPaletteWin32(png);
				biColors[0..pngMap.length] = pngMap[];
				*/
			}
		}


		Win32Icon!(256) icon_win32;


		this(MemoryImage mi) {
			int icon_len, width, height;

			icon_win32.fromMemoryImage(mi, icon_len, width, height);

			/*
			PNG* png = readPnpngData);
			PNGHeader pngh = getHeader(png);
			void* icon_win32;
			if(pngh.depth == 4) {
				auto i = new Win32Icon!(16);
				i.fromPNG(png, pngh, icon_len, width, height);
				icon_win32 = i;
			}
			else if(pngh.depth == 8) {
				auto i = new Win32Icon!(256);
				i.fromPNG(png, pngh, icon_len, width, height);
				icon_win32 = i;
			} else assert(0);
			*/

			hIcon = CreateIconFromResourceEx(cast(ubyte*) &icon_win32, icon_len, true, 0x00030000, width, height, 0);

			if(hIcon is null) throw new Exception("CreateIconFromResourceEx");
		}

		~this() {
			DestroyIcon(hIcon);
		}

		HICON hIcon;
	}






	alias int delegate(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) NativeEventHandler;
	alias HWND NativeWindowHandle;

	extern(Windows)
	LRESULT WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT iMessage, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) nothrow {
	    try {
			if(SimpleWindow.handleNativeGlobalEvent !is null) {
				// it returns zero if the message is handled, so we won't do anything more there
				// do I like that though?
				auto ret = SimpleWindow.handleNativeGlobalEvent(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam);
				if(ret == 0)
					return ret;
			}

            if(auto window = hWnd in CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping) {
	    	if(window.getNativeEventHandler !is null) {
			auto ret = window.getNativeEventHandler()(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam);
			if(ret == 0)
				return ret;
		}
		if(auto w = cast(SimpleWindow) (*window))
	                return w.windowProcedure(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam);
		else
			return DefWindowProc(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam);
            } else {
                return DefWindowProc(hWnd, iMessage, wParam, lParam);
            }
	    } catch (Exception e) {
            	assert(false, "Exception caught in WndProc " ~ e.toString());
	    }
	}

	mixin template NativeScreenPainterImplementation() {
		HDC hdc;
		HWND hwnd;
		//HDC windowHdc;
		HBITMAP oldBmp;

		void create(NativeWindowHandle window) {
			auto buffer = this.window.impl.buffer;
			hwnd = window;
			auto windowHdc = GetDC(hwnd);

			hdc = CreateCompatibleDC(windowHdc);

			ReleaseDC(hwnd, windowHdc);

			oldBmp = SelectObject(hdc, buffer);

			// X doesn't draw a text background, so neither should we
			SetBkMode(hdc, TRANSPARENT);
		}

		// just because we can on Windows...
		//void create(Image image);

		void dispose() {
			// FIXME: this.window.width/height is probably wrong
			// BitBlt(windowHdc, 0, 0, this.window.width, this.window.height, hdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
			// ReleaseDC(hwnd, windowHdc);

			// FIXME: it shouldn't invalidate the whole thing in all cases... it would be ideal to do this right
			InvalidateRect(hwnd, cast(RECT*)null, false); // no need to erase bg as the whole thing gets bitblt'd ove

			if(originalPen !is null)
				SelectObject(hdc, originalPen);
			if(currentPen !is null)
				DeleteObject(currentPen);
			if(originalBrush !is null)
				SelectObject(hdc, originalBrush);
			if(currentBrush !is null)
				DeleteObject(currentBrush);

			SelectObject(hdc, oldBmp);

			DeleteDC(hdc);

			if(window.paintingFinished !is null)
				window.paintingFinished();
		}

		HPEN originalPen;
		HPEN currentPen;

		Pen _activePen;

		@property void pen(Pen p) {
			_activePen = p;

			HPEN pen;
			if(p.color.a == 0) {
				pen = GetStockObject(NULL_PEN);
			} else {
				pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, p.width, RGB(p.color.r, p.color.g, p.color.b));
			}
			auto orig = SelectObject(hdc, pen);
			if(originalPen is null)
				originalPen = orig;

			if(currentPen !is null)
				DeleteObject(currentPen);

			currentPen = pen;

			// the outline is like a foreground since it's done that way on X
			SetTextColor(hdc, RGB(p.color.r, p.color.g, p.color.b));

		}

		@property void outlineColor(Color c) {
			_activePen.color = c;
			pen = _activePen;
		}

		@property void rasterOp(RasterOp op) {
			int mode;
			final switch(op) {
				case RasterOp.normal:
					mode = R2_COPYPEN;
				break;
				case RasterOp.xor:
					mode = R2_XORPEN;
				break;
			}
			SetROP2(hdc, mode);
		}

		HBRUSH originalBrush;
		HBRUSH currentBrush;
		@property void fillColor(Color c) {
			// FIXME: we probably don't need to call all this if the brush
			// is already good
			HBRUSH brush;
			if(c.a == 0) {
				brush = GetStockObject(HOLLOW_BRUSH);
			} else {
				brush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(c.r, c.g, c.b));
			}
			auto orig = SelectObject(hdc, brush);
			if(originalBrush is null)
				originalBrush = orig;

			if(currentBrush !is null)
				DeleteObject(currentBrush);

			currentBrush = brush;

			// background color is NOT set because X doesn't draw text backgrounds
			//   SetBkColor(hdc, RGB(255, 255, 255));
		}

		void drawImage(int x, int y, Image i, int ix, int iy, int w, int h) {
			BITMAP bm;

			HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
			HBITMAP hbmOld = SelectObject(hdcMem, i.handle);

			GetObject(i.handle, bm.sizeof, &bm);

			BitBlt(hdc, x, y, w /* bm.bmWidth */, /*bm.bmHeight*/ h, hdcMem, ix, iy, SRCCOPY);

			SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
			DeleteDC(hdcMem);
		}

		void drawPixmap(Sprite s, int x, int y) {
			BITMAP bm;

			HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
			HBITMAP hbmOld = SelectObject(hdcMem, s.handle);

			GetObject(s.handle, bm.sizeof, &bm);

			BitBlt(hdc, x, y, bm.bmWidth, bm.bmHeight, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

			SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
			DeleteDC(hdcMem);
		}

		Size textSize(string text) {
			RECT rect;
			DrawText(hdc, text.ptr, cast(int) text.length, &rect, DT_CALCRECT);
			return Size(rect.right, rect.bottom);
		}

		void drawText(int x, int y, int x2, int y2, string text, uint alignment) {
			// FIXME: use the unicode function
			if(x2 == 0 && y2 == 0)
				TextOut(hdc, x, y, text.ptr, cast(int) text.length);
			else {
				RECT rect;
				rect.left = x;
				rect.top = y;
				rect.right = x2;
				rect.bottom = y2;

				uint mode = DT_LEFT;
				if(alignment & TextAlignment.Right)
					mode = DT_RIGHT;
				else if(alignment & TextAlignment.Center)
					mode = DT_CENTER;

				// FIXME: vcenter on windows only works with single line, but I want it to work in all cases
				if(alignment & TextAlignment.VerticalCenter)
					mode |= DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE;

				DrawText(hdc, text.ptr, cast(int) text.length, &rect, mode);
			}

			/*
			uint mode;

			if(alignment & TextAlignment.Center)
				mode = TA_CENTER;

			SetTextAlign(hdc, mode);
			*/
		}

		int fontHeight() {
			TEXTMETRIC metric;
			if(GetTextMetricsW(hdc, &metric)) {
				return metric.tmHeight;
			}

			return 16; // idk just guessing here, maybe we should throw
		}

		void drawPixel(int x, int y) {
			SetPixel(hdc, x, y, RGB(_activePen.color.r, _activePen.color.g, _activePen.color.b));
		}

		// The basic shapes, outlined

		void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
			MoveToEx(hdc, x1, y1, null);
			LineTo(hdc, x2, y2);
		}

		void drawRectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
			Rectangle(hdc, x, y, x + width, y + height);
		}

		/// Arguments are the points of the bounding rectangle
		void drawEllipse(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
			Ellipse(hdc, x1, y1, x2, y2);
		}

		void drawArc(int x1, int y1, int width, int height, int start, int finish) {
			// FIXME: start X, start Y, end X, end Y
			Arc(hdc, x1, y1, x1 + width, y1 + height, 0, 0, 0, 0);
		}

		void drawPolygon(Point[] vertexes) {
			POINT[] points;
			points.length = vertexes.length;

			foreach(i, p; vertexes) {
				points[i].x = p.x;
				points[i].y = p.y;
			}

			Polygon(hdc, points.ptr, cast(int) points.length);
		}
	}


	// Mix this into the SimpleWindow class
	mixin template NativeSimpleWindowImplementation() {
		int curHidden = 0; // counter

		void hideCursor () {
			++curHidden;
		}

		void showCursor () {
			--curHidden;
		}

		ScreenPainter getPainter() {
			return ScreenPainter(this, hwnd);
		}

		HBITMAP buffer;
		static bool classRegistered;

		void setTitle(string title) {
			SetWindowTextA(hwnd, toStringz(title));
		}

		version(without_opengl) {} else {
			HGLRC ghRC;
			HDC ghDC;
		}

		void createWindow(int width, int height, string title, OpenGlOptions opengl, SimpleWindow parent) {
			const char* cn = "DSimpleWindow";

			HINSTANCE hInstance = cast(HINSTANCE) GetModuleHandle(null);

			if(!classRegistered) {
				WNDCLASS wc;

				wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
				wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
				wc.hbrBackground = cast(HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW+1); // GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
				wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(null, IDC_ARROW);
				wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, null);
				wc.hInstance = hInstance;
				wc.lpfnWndProc = &WndProc;
				wc.lpszClassName = cn;
				wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
				if(!RegisterClass(&wc))
					throw new Exception("RegisterClass");
				classRegistered = true;
			}

			int style;

			// FIXME: windowType and customizationFlags
			final switch(windowType) {
				case WindowTypes.normal:
					style = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW;
				break;
				case WindowTypes.undecorated:
					style = WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU;
				break;
			}

			hwnd = CreateWindow(cn, toStringz(title), style,
				CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, width, height,
				parent is null ? null : parent.impl.hwnd, null, hInstance, null);

			SimpleWindow.nativeMapping[hwnd] = this;
			CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping[hwnd] = this;

			HDC hdc = GetDC(hwnd);


			version(without_opengl) {}
			else {
				if(opengl == OpenGlOptions.yes) {
					ghDC = hdc;
					PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; 

					pfd.nSize = PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR.sizeof; 
					pfd.nVersion = 1; 
					pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |  PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; 
					pfd.dwLayerMask = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; 
					pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; 
					pfd.cColorBits = 24; 
					pfd.cDepthBits = 8; 
					pfd.cAccumBits = 0; 
					pfd.cStencilBits = 0; 

					auto pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, &pfd); 

					if ((pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat(hdc, &pfd)) == 0) 
						throw new Exception("ChoosePixelFormat");

					if (SetPixelFormat(hdc, pixelformat, &pfd) == 0) 
						throw new Exception("SetPixelFormat");

					ghRC = wglCreateContext(ghDC); 
				}
			}

			if(opengl == OpenGlOptions.no) {
				buffer = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);

				auto hdcBmp = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
				// make sure it's filled with a blank slate
				auto oldBmp = SelectObject(hdcBmp, buffer);
				auto oldBrush = SelectObject(hdcBmp, GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
				auto oldPen = SelectObject(hdcBmp, GetStockObject(WHITE_PEN));
				Rectangle(hdcBmp, 0, 0, width, height);
				SelectObject(hdcBmp, oldBmp);
				SelectObject(hdcBmp, oldBrush);
				SelectObject(hdcBmp, oldPen);
				DeleteDC(hdcBmp);

				ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc); // we keep this in opengl mode since it is a class member now
			}

			// We want the window's client area to match the image size
			RECT rcClient, rcWindow;
			POINT ptDiff;
			GetClientRect(hwnd, &rcClient);
			GetWindowRect(hwnd, &rcWindow);
			ptDiff.x = (rcWindow.right - rcWindow.left) - rcClient.right;
			ptDiff.y = (rcWindow.bottom - rcWindow.top) - rcClient.bottom;
			MoveWindow(hwnd,rcWindow.left, rcWindow.top, width + ptDiff.x, height + ptDiff.y, true);

			ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
		}


		void dispose() {
			if(buffer)
				DeleteObject(buffer);
		}

		void closeWindow() {
			DestroyWindow(hwnd);
		}

		// returns zero if it recognized the event
		static int triggerEvents(HWND hwnd, uint msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam, int offsetX, int offsetY, SimpleWindow wind) nothrow {
		try {
			MouseEvent mouse;

			void mouseEvent() {
				mouse.x = LOWORD(lParam) + offsetX;
				mouse.y = HIWORD(lParam) + offsetY;
				wind.mdx(mouse);
				mouse.modifierState = cast(int) wParam;
				mouse.window = wind;

				if(wind.handleMouseEvent)
					wind.handleMouseEvent(mouse);
			}

			// hide cursor in client area if necessary
			if (wind.curHidden > 0 && msg == WM_SETCURSOR && cast(ushort)lParam == 1/*HTCLIENT*/) {
				SetCursor(null);
				return 1;
			}

			switch(msg) {
				case WM_CHAR:
					wchar c = cast(wchar) wParam;
					if(wind.handleCharEvent)
						wind.handleCharEvent(cast(dchar) c);
				break;
				  case WM_SETFOCUS:
				  case WM_KILLFOCUS:
					if(wind.onFocusChange)
						wind.onFocusChange(msg == WM_SETFOCUS);
				  break;
				case WM_KEYDOWN:
				case WM_KEYUP:
					KeyEvent ev;
					ev.key = cast(Key) wParam;
					ev.pressed = msg == WM_KEYDOWN;
					// FIXME
					// ev.hardwareCode

					if(GetKeyState(Key.Shift)&0x8000 || GetKeyState(Key.Shift_r)&0x8000)
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.shift;
					if(GetKeyState(Key.Alt)&0x8000 || GetKeyState(Key.Alt_r)&0x8000)
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.alt;
					if(GetKeyState(Key.Ctrl)&0x8000 || GetKeyState(Key.Ctrl_r)&0x8000)
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.ctrl;
					if(GetKeyState(Key.Windows)&0x8000 || GetKeyState(Key.Windows_r)&0x8000)
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.windows;
					if(GetKeyState(Key.NumLock))
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.numLock;
					if(GetKeyState(Key.CapsLock))
						ev.modifierState |= ModifierState.capsLock;

					/+
					// we always want to send the character too, so let's convert it
					ubyte[256] state;
					wchar[16] buffer;
					GetKeyboardState(state.ptr);
					ToUnicodeEx(wParam, lParam, state.ptr, buffer.ptr, buffer.length, 0, null);

					foreach(dchar d; buffer) {
						ev.character = d;
						break;
					}
					+/

					ev.window = wind;
					if(wind.handleKeyEvent)
						wind.handleKeyEvent(ev);
				break;
				case 0x020a /*WM_MOUSEWHEEL*/:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 1;
					mouse.button = cast(MouseButton) ((HIWORD(wParam) > 120) ? 16 : 8);
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 0;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
				case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 1;
					mouse.button = cast(MouseButton) 1;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_LBUTTONUP:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 2;
					mouse.button =cast(MouseButton)  1;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
				case WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 1;
					mouse.button =cast(MouseButton)  2;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_RBUTTONUP:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 2;
					mouse.button =cast(MouseButton)  2;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_MBUTTONDOWN:
				case WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 1;
					mouse.button = cast(MouseButton) 4;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				case WM_MBUTTONUP:
					mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) 2;
					mouse.button = cast(MouseButton) 4;
					mouseEvent();
				break;
				default: return 1;
			}
			return 0;
			} catch(Exception e) {
				return 0;
			}
		}

		HWND hwnd;
		int oldWidth;
		int oldHeight;
		bool inSizeMove;

		// the extern(Windows) wndproc should just forward to this
		LRESULT windowProcedure(HWND hwnd, uint msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
			assert(hwnd is this.hwnd);

			if(triggerEvents(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam, 0, 0, this))
			switch(msg) {
				case WM_CLOSE:
					DestroyWindow(hwnd);
				break;
				case WM_DESTROY:
					SimpleWindow.nativeMapping.remove(hwnd);
					CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping.remove(hwnd);
					if(SimpleWindow.nativeMapping.keys.length == 0)
						PostQuitMessage(0);
				break;
				case WM_SIZE:
					if(wParam == 1 /* SIZE_MINIMIZED */)
						break;
					_width = LOWORD(lParam);
					_height = HIWORD(lParam);

					// I want to avoid tearing in the windows (my code is inefficient
					// so this is a hack around that) so while sizing, we don't trigger,
					// but we do want to trigger on events like mazimize.
					if(!inSizeMove)
						goto size_changed;
				break;
				// I don't like the tearing I get when redrawing on WM_SIZE
				// (I know there's other ways to fix that but I don't like that behavior anyway)
				// so instead it is going to redraw only at the end of a size.
				case 0x0231: /* WM_ENTERSIZEMOVE */
					oldWidth = this.width;
					oldHeight = this.height;
					inSizeMove = true;
				break;
				case 0x0232: /* WM_EXITSIZEMOVE */
					inSizeMove = false;
					// nothing relevant changed, don't bother redrawing
					if(oldWidth == width && oldHeight == height)
						break;

					size_changed:

					// note: OpenGL windows don't use a backing bmp, so no need to change them
					// if resizability is anything other than allowResizing, it is meant to either stretch the one image or just do nothing
					if(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.no && resizability == Resizablity.allowResizing) {
						// gotta get the double buffer bmp to match the window
					// FIXME: could this be more efficient? It isn't really necessary to make
					// a new buffer if we're sizing down at least.
						auto hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
						auto oldBuffer = buffer;
						buffer = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);

						auto hdcBmp = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
						auto oldBmp = SelectObject(hdcBmp, buffer);

						auto hdcOldBmp = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
						auto oldOldBmp = SelectObject(hdcOldBmp, oldBmp);

						BitBlt(hdcBmp, 0, 0, width, height, hdcOldBmp, oldWidth, oldHeight, SRCCOPY);

						SelectObject(hdcOldBmp, oldOldBmp);
						DeleteDC(hdcOldBmp);

						SelectObject(hdcBmp, oldBmp);
						DeleteDC(hdcBmp);

						ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc);

						DeleteObject(oldBuffer);
					}

					version(with_opengl)
					if(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes && resizability == Resizablity.automaticallyScaleIfPossible) {
						glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
					}

					if(windowResized !is null)
						windowResized(width, height);
				break;
				//case WM_ERASEBKGND:
					// no need since we double buffer
				//break;
				case WM_CTLCOLORBTN:
				case WM_CTLCOLORSTATIC:
					SetBkMode(cast(HDC) wParam, TRANSPARENT);
					return cast(typeof(return)) //GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH);
					GetSysColorBrush(COLOR_3DFACE);
				break;
				case WM_SHOWWINDOW:
					this._visible = (wParam != 0);
					if (!this._visibleForTheFirstTimeCalled) {
						this._visibleForTheFirstTimeCalled = true;
						if (this.visibleForTheFirstTime !is null) this.visibleForTheFirstTime();
					}
					if (this.visibilityChanged !is null) this.visibilityChanged(this._visible);
					break;
				case WM_PAINT: {
					BITMAP bm;
					PAINTSTRUCT ps;

					HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);

					if(openglMode == OpenGlOptions.no) {

						HDC hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
						HBITMAP hbmOld = SelectObject(hdcMem, buffer);

						GetObject(buffer, bm.sizeof, &bm);

						// FIXME: only BitBlt the invalidated rectangle, not the whole thing
						if(resizability == Resizablity.automaticallyScaleIfPossible)
						StretchBlt(hdc, 0, 0, this.width, this.height, hdcMem, 0, 0, bm.bmWidth, bm.bmHeight, SRCCOPY);
						else
						BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, bm.bmWidth, bm.bmHeight, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

						SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
						DeleteDC(hdcMem);
						EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
					} else {
						EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
						version(with_opengl)
							redrawOpenGlSceneNow();
					}
				} break;
				  default:
					return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
			}
			 return 0;

		}

		int eventLoop(long pulseTimeout) {
			MSG message;
			int ret = -1;

			Timer pulser;
			scope(exit)
				if(pulser !is null)
					pulser.destroy();

			if(pulseTimeout)
				pulser = new Timer(cast(int) pulseTimeout, handlePulse);

			HANDLE[] handles;
			while(ret != 0) {
				auto waitResult = MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(
					cast(int) handles.length, handles.ptr,
					INFINITE, /* timeout */
					0x04FF, /* QS_ALLINPUT */
					0x0002 /* MWMO_ALERTABLE */ | 0x0004 /* MWMO_INPUTAVAILABLE */);

				enum WAIT_OBJECT_0 = 0;
				if(waitResult >= WAIT_OBJECT_0 && waitResult < handles.length + WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
					// process handles[waitResult - WAIT_OBJECT_0];
				} else if(waitResult == handles.length + WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
					// message ready
					if((ret = GetMessage(&message, null, 0, 0)) != 0) {
						if(ret == -1)
							throw new Exception("GetMessage failed");
						TranslateMessage(&message);
						DispatchMessage(&message);
					}
				} else if(waitResult == 0x000000C0L /* WAIT_IO_COMPLETION */) {
					SleepEx(0, true); // I call this to give it a chance to do stuff like async io
				} else if(waitResult == 258L /* WAIT_TIMEOUT */) {
					// timeout, should never happen since we aren't using it
				} else if(waitResult == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
						// failed
						throw new Exception("MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx failed");
				} else {
					// idk....
				}
			}

			// return message.wParam;
			return 0;
		}
	}

	mixin template NativeImageImplementation() {
		HBITMAP handle;
		ubyte* rawData;

	final:

		Color getPixel(int x, int y) {
			auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			// remember, bmps are upside down
			auto offset = itemsPerLine * (height - y - 1) + x * 3;

			Color c;
			c.a = 255;
			c.b = rawData[offset + 0];
			c.g = rawData[offset + 1];
			c.r = rawData[offset + 2];
			return c;
		}

		void setPixel(int x, int y, Color c) {
			auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			// remember, bmps are upside down
			auto offset = itemsPerLine * (height - y - 1) + x * 3;

			rawData[offset + 0] = c.b;
			rawData[offset + 1] = c.g;
			rawData[offset + 2] = c.r;
		}

		void convertToRgbaBytes(ubyte[] where) {
			assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			int idx = 0;
			int offset = itemsPerLine * (height - 1);
			// remember, bmps are upside down
			for(int y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
				auto offsetStart = offset;
				for(int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
					where[idx + 0] = rawData[offset + 2]; // r
					where[idx + 1] = rawData[offset + 1]; // g
					where[idx + 2] = rawData[offset + 0]; // b
					where[idx + 3] = 255; // a
					idx += 4; 
					offset += 3;
				}

				offset = offsetStart - itemsPerLine;
			}
		}

		void setFromRgbaBytes(in ubyte[] what) {
			assert(what.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			auto itemsPerLine = ((cast(int) width * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4;
			int idx = 0;
			int offset = itemsPerLine * (height - 1);
			// remember, bmps are upside down
			for(int y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
				auto offsetStart = offset;
				for(int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
					rawData[offset + 2] = what[idx + 0]; // r
					rawData[offset + 1] = what[idx + 1]; // g
					rawData[offset + 0] = what[idx + 2]; // b
					//where[idx + 3] = 255; // a
					idx += 4; 
					offset += 3;
				}

				offset = offsetStart - itemsPerLine;
			}
		}


		void createImage(int width, int height) {
			BITMAPINFO infoheader;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biSize = infoheader.bmiHeader.sizeof;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biWidth = width;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biHeight = height;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 24;
			infoheader.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;

			handle = CreateDIBSection(
				null,
				&infoheader,
				DIB_RGB_COLORS,
				cast(void**) &rawData,
				null,
				0);
			if(handle is null)
				throw new Exception("create image failed");

		}

		void dispose() {
			DeleteObject(handle);
		}
	}

	enum KEY_ESCAPE = 27;
}
version(X11) {
	/// This is the default font used. You might change this before doing anything else with
	/// the library if you want to try something else. Surround that in `static if(UsingSimpledisplayX11)`
	/// for cross-platform compatibility.
	__gshared string xfontstr = "-*-dejavu sans-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*";

	alias int delegate(XEvent) NativeEventHandler;
	alias Window NativeWindowHandle;

	enum KEY_ESCAPE = 9;

	mixin template NativeScreenPainterImplementation() {
		Display* display;
		Drawable d;
		Drawable destiny;

		// FIXME: should the gc be static too so it isn't recreated every time draw is called?
		GC gc;

		static XFontStruct* font;
		static bool fontAttempted;

		void create(NativeWindowHandle window) {
			this.display = XDisplayConnection.get();

    			auto buffer = this.window.impl.buffer;

			this.d = cast(Drawable) buffer;
			this.destiny = cast(Drawable) window;

			auto dgc = DefaultGC(display, DefaultScreen(display));

			this.gc = XCreateGC(display, d, 0, null);

			XCopyGC(display, dgc, 0xffffffff, this.gc);

			if(!fontAttempted) {
				font = XLoadQueryFont(display, xfontstr.ptr);
				// bitstream is a pretty nice font, but if it fails, fixed is pretty reliable and not bad either
				if(font is null)
					font = XLoadQueryFont(display, "-*-fixed-medium-r-*-*-13-*-*-*-*-*-*-*".ptr);

				fontAttempted = true;
			}

			if(font) {
				XSetFont(display, gc, font.fid);
			}
		}

		void dispose() {
    			auto buffer = this.window.impl.buffer;

			this.rasterOp = RasterOp.normal;

			// FIXME: this.window.width/height is probably wrong

			// src x,y     then dest x, y
			XSetClipMask(display, gc, None);
			XCopyArea(display, d, destiny, gc, 0, 0, this.window.width, this.window.height, 0, 0);

			XFreeGC(display, gc);

			version(none) // we don't want to free it because we can use it later
			if(font)
				XFreeFont(display, font);
			XFlush(display);

			if(window.paintingFinished !is null)
				window.paintingFinished();
		}

		bool backgroundIsNotTransparent = true;
		bool foregroundIsNotTransparent = true;

		Pen _pen;

		Color _outlineColor;
		Color _fillColor;

		@property void pen(Pen p) {
			_pen = p;
			_outlineColor = p.color;

			XSetLineAttributes(display, gc, p.width, 0, 0, 0);

			if(p.color.a == 0) {
				foregroundIsNotTransparent = false;
				return;
			}

			foregroundIsNotTransparent = true;

			XSetForeground(display, gc,
				cast(uint) p.color.r << 16 |
				cast(uint) p.color.g << 8 |
				cast(uint) p.color.b);
		}

		@property void outlineColor(Color c) {
			if(_pen.color == c)
				return; // don't double call for performance
			_pen.color = c;
			pen = _pen;
		}

		@property void rasterOp(RasterOp op) {
			int mode;
			final switch(op) {
				case RasterOp.normal:
					mode = GXcopy;
				break;
				case RasterOp.xor:
					mode = GXxor;
				break;
			}
			XSetFunction(display, gc, mode);
		}



		@property void fillColor(Color c) {
			if(_fillColor == c)
				return; // already good, no need to waste time calling it
			_fillColor = c;
			if(c.a == 0) {
				backgroundIsNotTransparent = false;
				return;
			}

			backgroundIsNotTransparent = true;

			XSetBackground(display, gc,
				cast(uint) c.r << 16 |
				cast(uint) c.g << 8 |
				cast(uint) c.b);

		}

		void swapColors() {
			auto tmp = _fillColor;
			fillColor = _outlineColor;
			outlineColor = tmp;
		}

		void drawImage(int x, int y, Image i, int ix, int iy, int w, int h) {
			// source x, source y
			if(i.usingXshm)
				XShmPutImage(display, d, gc, i.handle, ix, iy, x, y, w, h, false);
			else
				XPutImage(display, d, gc, i.handle, ix, iy, x, y, w, h);
		}

		void drawPixmap(Sprite s, int x, int y) {
			XCopyArea(display, s.handle, d, gc, 0, 0, s.width, s.height, x, y);
		}

		int fontHeight() {
			if(font)
				return font.max_bounds.ascent + font.max_bounds.descent;
			return 12; // pretty common default...
		}

		Size textSize(string text) {
			auto maxWidth = 0;
			auto lineHeight = fontHeight;
			int h = 0;
			foreach(line; text.split('\n')) {
				int textWidth;
				if(font)
					textWidth = XTextWidth( font, line.ptr, cast(int) line.length);
				else
					textWidth = 12 * cast(int) line.length;

				if(textWidth > maxWidth)
					maxWidth = textWidth;
				h += lineHeight + 4;
			}
			return Size(maxWidth, h);
		}

		void drawText(in int x, in int y, in int x2, in int y2, in string originalText, in uint alignment) {
			// FIXME: we should actually draw unicode.. but until then, I'm going to strip out multibyte chars
			immutable(ubyte)[] text;
			// the first 256 unicode codepoints are the same as ascii and latin-1, which is what X expects, so we can keep all those
			// then strip the rest so there isn't garbage
			foreach(dchar ch; originalText)
				if(ch < 256)
					text ~= cast(ubyte) ch;
			if(text.length == 0)
				return;


			int textHeight = 12;

			// FIXME: should we clip it to the bounding box?

			if(font) {
				textHeight = font.max_bounds.ascent + font.max_bounds.descent;
			}

			auto lines = text.split('\n');

			auto lineHeight = textHeight;
			textHeight *= lines.length;

			int cy = y;

			if(alignment & TextAlignment.VerticalBottom) {
				assert(y2);
				auto h = y2 - y;
				if(h > textHeight) {
					cy += h - textHeight;
					cy -= lineHeight / 2;
				}
			} else if(alignment & TextAlignment.VerticalCenter) {
				assert(y2);
				auto h = y2 - y;
				if(textHeight < h) {
					cy += (h - textHeight) / 2;
					cy -= lineHeight / 4;
				}
			}

			foreach(line; text.split('\n')) {
				int textWidth;
				if(font)
					textWidth = XTextWidth( font, line.ptr, cast(int) line.length);
				else
					textWidth = 12 * cast(int) line.length;

				int px = x, py = cy;

				if(alignment & TextAlignment.Center) {
					assert(x2);
					auto w = x2 - x;
					if(w > textWidth)
						px += (w - textWidth) / 2;
				} else if(alignment & TextAlignment.Right) {
					assert(x2);
					auto pos = x2 - textWidth;
					if(pos > x)
						px = pos;
				}

				XDrawString(display, d, gc, px, py + (font ? font.max_bounds.ascent : lineHeight), line.ptr, cast(int) line.length);
				cy += lineHeight + 4;
			}
		}

		void drawPixel(int x, int y) {
			XDrawPoint(display, d, gc, x, y);
		}

		// The basic shapes, outlined

		void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
			if(foregroundIsNotTransparent)
				XDrawLine(display, d, gc, x1, y1, x2, y2);
		}

		void drawRectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
			if(backgroundIsNotTransparent) {
				swapColors();
				XFillRectangle(display, d, gc, x+1, y+1, width-2, height-2); // Need to ensure pixels are only drawn once...
				swapColors();
			}
			if(foregroundIsNotTransparent)
				XDrawRectangle(display, d, gc, x, y, width - 1, height - 1);
		}

		/// Arguments are the points of the bounding rectangle
		void drawEllipse(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
			drawArc(x1, y1, x2 - x1, y2 - y1, 0, 360 * 64);
		}

		// NOTE: start and finish are in units of degrees * 64
		void drawArc(int x1, int y1, int width, int height, int start, int finish) {
			if(backgroundIsNotTransparent) {
				swapColors();
				XFillArc(display, d, gc, x1, y1, width, height, start, finish);
				swapColors();
			}
			if(foregroundIsNotTransparent)
				XDrawArc(display, d, gc, x1, y1, width, height, start, finish);
		}

		void drawPolygon(Point[] vertexes) {
			XPoint[] points;
			points.length = vertexes.length;

			foreach(i, p; vertexes) {
				points[i].x = cast(short) p.x;
				points[i].y = cast(short) p.y;
			}

			if(backgroundIsNotTransparent) {
				swapColors();
				XFillPolygon(display, d, gc, points.ptr, cast(int) points.length, PolygonShape.Complex, CoordMode.CoordModeOrigin);
				swapColors();
			}
			if(foregroundIsNotTransparent) {
				XDrawLines(display, d, gc, points.ptr, cast(int) points.length, CoordMode.CoordModeOrigin);
			}
		}
	}


	/// Platform-specific for X11. A singleton class (well, all its methods are actually static... so more like a namespace) wrapping a Display*
	class XDisplayConnection {
		private static Display* display;
    private static XIM xim;

    // Do you want to know why do we need all this horrible-looking code? See comment at the bottom.
    private static void createXIM () {
      import core.stdc.locale : setlocale, LC_ALL;
      import core.stdc.stdio : stderr, fprintf;
      import core.stdc.stdlib : free;
      import core.stdc.string : strdup;

      static immutable string[] mtry = [ null, "@im=local", "@im=" ];

      auto olocale = strdup(setlocale(LC_ALL, null));
      setlocale(LC_ALL, (sdx_isUTF8Locale ? "" : "en_US.UTF-8"));
      scope(exit) { setlocale(LC_ALL, olocale); free(olocale); }

      //fprintf(stderr, "opening IM...\n");
      foreach (string s; mtry) {
        if (s.length) XSetLocaleModifiers(s.ptr); // it's safe, as `s` is string literal
        if ((xim = XOpenIM(display, null, null, null)) !is null) return;
      }
      fprintf(stderr, "createXIM: XOpenIM failed!\n");
    }

		///
		static Display* get() {
			if(display is null) {
				display = XOpenDisplay(null);
				if(display is null)
					throw new Exception("Unable to open X display");
				Bool sup;
				XkbSetDetectableAutoRepeat(display, 1, &sup); // so we will not receive KeyRelease until key is really released
				createXIM();
				version(with_eventloop) {
					import arsd.eventloop;
					addFileEventListeners(display.fd, &eventListener, null, null);
				}
			}

			return display;
		}

		version(with_eventloop) {
			import arsd.eventloop;
			static void eventListener(OsFileHandle fd) {
				//this.mtLock();
				//scope(exit) this.mtUnlock();
				while(XPending(display))
					doXNextEvent(display);
			}
		}

		///
		static void close() {
			if(display is null)
				return;

			version(with_eventloop) {
				import arsd.eventloop;
				removeFileEventListeners(display.fd);
			}

			XCloseDisplay(display);
			display = null;
		}
	}

	mixin template NativeImageImplementation() {
		XImage* handle;
		ubyte* rawData;

		XShmSegmentInfo shminfo;

		static bool xshmQueryCompleted;
		static bool _xshmAvailable;
		public static @property bool xshmAvailable() {
			if(!xshmQueryCompleted) {
				int i1, i2, i3;
				xshmQueryCompleted = true;
				_xshmAvailable = XQueryExtension(XDisplayConnection.get(), "MIT-SHM", &i1, &i2, &i3) != 0;
			}
			return _xshmAvailable;
		}

		bool usingXshm;
	final:

		void createImage(int width, int height) {
			auto display = XDisplayConnection.get();
			assert(display !is null);
			auto screen = DefaultScreen(display);

			// it will only use shared memory for somewhat largish images,
			// since otherwise we risk wasting shared memory handles on a lot of little ones
			if(xshmAvailable && width > 100 && height > 100) {
				usingXshm = true;
				handle = XShmCreateImage(
					display,
					DefaultVisual(display, screen),
					24,
					ImageFormat.ZPixmap,
					null,
					&shminfo,
					width, height);
				assert(handle !is null);

				assert(handle.bytes_per_line == 4 * width);
				shminfo.shmid = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, handle.bytes_per_line * height, IPC_CREAT | 511 /* 0777 */);
				//import std.conv; import core.stdc.errno;
				assert(shminfo.shmid >= 0);//, to!string(errno));
				handle.data = shminfo.shmaddr = rawData = cast(ubyte*) shmat(shminfo.shmid, null, 0);
				assert(rawData != cast(ubyte*) -1);
				shminfo.readOnly = 0;
				XShmAttach(display, &shminfo);

			} else {
				// This actually needs to be malloc to avoid a double free error when XDestroyImage is called
				import core.stdc.stdlib : malloc;
				rawData = cast(ubyte*) malloc(width * height * 4);

				handle = XCreateImage(
					display,
					DefaultVisual(display, screen),
					24, // bpp
					ImageFormat.ZPixmap,
					0, // offset
					rawData,
					width, height,
					8 /* FIXME */, 4 * width); // padding, bytes per line
			}
		}

		void dispose() {
			// note: this calls free(rawData) for us
			if(handle) {
				if(usingXshm)
					XShmDetach(XDisplayConnection.get(), &shminfo);
				XDestroyImage(handle);
				if(usingXshm) {
					shmdt(shminfo.shmaddr);
				}
				handle = null;
			}
		}

		Color getPixel(int x, int y) {
			auto offset = (y * width + x) * 4;
			Color c;
			c.a = 255;
			c.b = rawData[offset + 0];
			c.g = rawData[offset + 1];
			c.r = rawData[offset + 2];
			return c;
		}

		void setPixel(int x, int y, Color c) {
			auto offset = (y * width + x) * 4;
			rawData[offset + 0] = c.b;
			rawData[offset + 1] = c.g;
			rawData[offset + 2] = c.r;
		}

		void convertToRgbaBytes(ubyte[] where) {
			assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			// if rawData had a length....
			//assert(rawData.length == where.length);
			for(int idx = 0; idx < where.length; idx += 4) {
				where[idx + 0] = rawData[idx + 2]; // r
				where[idx + 1] = rawData[idx + 1]; // g
				where[idx + 2] = rawData[idx + 0]; // b
				where[idx + 3] = 255; // a
			}
		}

		void setFromRgbaBytes(in ubyte[] where) {
			assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			// if rawData had a length....
			//assert(rawData.length == where.length);
			for(int idx = 0; idx < where.length; idx += 4) {
				rawData[idx + 2] = where[idx + 0]; // r
				rawData[idx + 1] = where[idx + 1]; // g
				rawData[idx + 0] = where[idx + 2]; // b
				//rawData[idx + 3] = 255; // a
			}
		}

	}

	mixin template NativeSimpleWindowImplementation() {
		GC gc;
		Window window;
		Display* display;

		Pixmap buffer;
		XIC xic; // input context
		int curHidden = 0; // counter
		Cursor blankCurPtr = 0;

		void delegate(XEvent) setSelectionHandler;
		void delegate(in char[]) getSelectionHandler;

		version(without_opengl) {} else
		GLXContext glc;

		ScreenPainter getPainter() {
			return ScreenPainter(this, window);
		}

		void hideCursor () {
			if (curHidden++ == 0) {
				if (!blankCurPtr) {
					static const(char)[1] cmbmp = 0;
					XColor blackcolor = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
					Pixmap pm = XCreateBitmapFromData(display, window, cmbmp.ptr, 1, 1);
					blankCurPtr = XCreatePixmapCursor(display, pm, pm, &blackcolor, &blackcolor, 0, 0);
					XFreePixmap(display, pm);
				}
				XDefineCursor(display, window, blankCurPtr);
			}
		}

		void showCursor () {
			if (--curHidden == 0) XUndefineCursor(display, window);
		}

		void setTitle(string title) {
			XTextProperty windowName;
			windowName.value = title.ptr;
			windowName.encoding = XA_STRING;
			windowName.format = 8;
			windowName.nitems = cast(uint) title.length;

			XSetWMName(display, window, &windowName);
		}

		void createWindow(int width, int height, string title, in OpenGlOptions opengl, SimpleWindow parent) {
			display = XDisplayConnection.get();
			auto screen = DefaultScreen(display);

			version(without_opengl) {}
			else {
				if(opengl == OpenGlOptions.yes) {
					glxInitOtherFunctions(); // load some OpenGL functions; it doesn't hurt to call this repeatedly

					GLXFBConfig fbconf = null;
					XVisualInfo* vi = null;
					bool useLegacy = false;
					if (sdpyOpenGLContextVersion != 0 && glXCreateContextAttribsARB !is null) {
						int[23] visualAttribs = [
							GLX_X_RENDERABLE , 1/*True*/,
							GLX_DRAWABLE_TYPE, GLX_WINDOW_BIT,
							GLX_RENDER_TYPE  , GLX_RGBA_BIT,
							GLX_X_VISUAL_TYPE, GLX_TRUE_COLOR,
							GLX_RED_SIZE     , 8,
							GLX_GREEN_SIZE   , 8,
							GLX_BLUE_SIZE    , 8,
							GLX_ALPHA_SIZE   , 8,
							GLX_DEPTH_SIZE   , 24,
							GLX_STENCIL_SIZE , 8,
							GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER , 1/*True*/,
							0/*None*/,
						];
						int fbcount;
						GLXFBConfig* fbc = glXChooseFBConfig(display, screen, visualAttribs.ptr, &fbcount);
						if (fbcount == 0) {
							useLegacy = true; // try to do at least something
						} else {
							// pick the FB config/visual with the most samples per pixel
							int bestidx = -1, bestns = -1;
							foreach (int fbi; 0..fbcount) {
								int sb, samples;
								glXGetFBConfigAttrib(display, fbc[fbi], GLX_SAMPLE_BUFFERS, &sb);
								glXGetFBConfigAttrib(display, fbc[fbi], GLX_SAMPLES, &samples);
								if (bestidx < 0 || sb && samples > bestns) { bestidx = fbi; bestns = samples; }
							}
							//{ import core.stdc.stdio; printf("found gl visual with %d samples\n", bestns); }
							fbconf = fbc[bestidx];
							// Be sure to free the FBConfig list allocated by glXChooseFBConfig()
							XFree(fbc);
							vi = glXGetVisualFromFBConfig(display, fbconf);
						}
					}
					if (vi is null || useLegacy) {
						static immutable GLint[] attrs = [ GLX_RGBA, GLX_DEPTH_SIZE, 24, GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER, None ];
						vi = glXChooseVisual(display, 0, attrs.ptr);
						useLegacy = true;
					}
					if (vi is null) throw new Exception("no open gl visual found");

					XSetWindowAttributes swa;
					auto root = RootWindow(display, screen);
					swa.colormap = XCreateColormap(display, root, vi.visual, AllocNone);

					window = XCreateWindow(display, parent is null ? root : parent.impl.window,
						0, 0, width, height,
						0, vi.depth, 1 /* InputOutput */, vi.visual, CWColormap, &swa);

					// now try to use `glXCreateContextAttribsARB()` if it's here
					if (!useLegacy) {
						// request fairly advanced context, even with stencil buffer!
						int[9] contextAttribs = [
							GLX_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB, (sdpyOpenGLContextVersion>>8),
							GLX_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB, (sdpyOpenGLContextVersion&0xff),
							/*GLX_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK_ARB*/0x9126, (sdpyOpenGLContextCompatible ? /*GLX_CONTEXT_COMPATIBILITY_PROFILE_BIT_ARB*/0x02 : /*GLX_CONTEXT_CORE_PROFILE_BIT_ARB*/ 0x01),
							// for modern context, set "forward compatibility" flag too
							(sdpyOpenGLContextCompatible ? None : /*GLX_CONTEXT_FLAGS_ARB*/ 0x2094), /*GLX_CONTEXT_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE_BIT_ARB*/ 0x02,
							0/*None*/,
						];
						glc = glXCreateContextAttribsARB(display, fbconf, null, 1/*True*/, contextAttribs.ptr);
						//{ import core.stdc.stdio; printf("using modern ogl v%d.%d\n", contextAttribs[1], contextAttribs[3]); }
					} else {
						// fallback to old GLX call
					useglxlegacycontext:
						glc = glXCreateContext(display, vi, null, /*GL_TRUE*/1);
					}
					// sync to ensure any errors generated are processed
					XSync(display, 0/*False*/);
					{ import core.stdc.stdio; printf("ogl is here\n"); }
					if(glc is null)
						throw new Exception("glc");
				}
			}

			if(opengl == OpenGlOptions.no) {
				window = XCreateSimpleWindow(
					display,
					parent is null ? RootWindow(display, screen) : parent.impl.window,
					0, 0, // x, y
					width, height,
					1, // border width
					BlackPixel(display, screen), // border
					WhitePixel(display, screen)); // background

				buffer = XCreatePixmap(display, cast(Drawable) window, width, height, 24);

				gc = DefaultGC(display, screen);

				// clear out the buffer to get us started...
				XSetForeground(display, gc, WhitePixel(display, screen));
				XFillRectangle(display, cast(Drawable) buffer, gc, 0, 0, width, height);
				XSetForeground(display, gc, BlackPixel(display, screen));
			}

			// input context
			//TODO: create this only for top-level windows, and reuse that?
			if (XDisplayConnection.xim !is null) {
				xic = XCreateIC(XDisplayConnection.xim,
						/*XNInputStyle*/"inputStyle".ptr, XIMPreeditNothing|XIMStatusNothing,
						/*XNClientWindow*/"clientWindow".ptr, window,
						/*XNFocusWindow*/"focusWindow".ptr, window,
						null);
				if (xic is null) {
					import core.stdc.stdio : stderr, fprintf;
					fprintf(stderr, "XCreateIC failed for window %u\n", cast(uint)window);
				}
			}

			setTitle(title);
			SimpleWindow.nativeMapping[window] = this;
			CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping[window] = this;

			// This gives our window a close button
			Atom atom = XInternAtom(display, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW".ptr, true); // FIXME: does this need to be freed?
			XSetWMProtocols(display, window, &atom, 1);


			// FIXME: windowType and customizationFlags

			try
			final switch(windowType) {
				case WindowTypes.normal:
					setNetWMWindowType(GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL"(display));
				break;
				case WindowTypes.undecorated:
					setNetWMWindowType(GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL"(display));
					motifHideDecorations();
				break;
				/+
				case WindowTypes.desktop:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DESKTOP"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.dock:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.toolbar:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.menu:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_MENU"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.utility:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.splash:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.dialog:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.dropdownMenu:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DROPDOWN_MENU"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.popupMenu:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_POPUP_MENU"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.tooltip:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLTIP"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.notification:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NOTIFICATION"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.combo:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_COMBO"(display);
				break;
				case WindowTypes.dnd:
					atoms[0] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DND"(display);
				break;
				+/
			}
			catch(Exception e) {
				// XInternAtom failed, prolly a WM
				// that doesn't support these things
			}



			if(this.resizability != Resizablity.allowResizing && opengl == OpenGlOptions.no) {
				XSizeHints sh;
				sh.min_width = width;
				sh.min_height = height;
				sh.max_width = width;
				sh.max_height = height;
				sh.flags = PMaxSize | PMinSize;
				XSetWMNormalHints(display, window, &sh);
			}

			// What would be ideal here is if they only were
			// selected if there was actually an event handler
			// for them...
			XSelectInput(display, window,
				EventMask.ExposureMask |
				EventMask.KeyPressMask |
				EventMask.KeyReleaseMask |
				EventMask.PropertyChangeMask |
				EventMask.FocusChangeMask |
				EventMask.StructureNotifyMask
				| EventMask.PointerMotionMask // FIXME: not efficient
				| EventMask.ButtonPressMask
				| EventMask.ButtonReleaseMask
			);

			XMapWindow(display, window);
		}

		void setNetWMWindowType(Atom type) {
			Atom[2] atoms;

			atoms[0] = type;
			// generic fallback
			atoms[1] = GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_NORMAL"(display);

			XChangeProperty(
				display,
				impl.window,
				GetAtom!"_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE"(display),
				XA_ATOM,
				32 /* bits */,
				0 /*PropModeReplace*/,
				atoms.ptr,
				cast(int) atoms.length);
		}

		void motifHideDecorations() {
			MwmHints hints;
			hints.flags = MWM_HINTS_DECORATIONS;

			XChangeProperty(
				display,
				impl.window,
				GetAtom!"_MOTIF_WM_HINTS"(display),
				GetAtom!"_MOTIF_WM_HINTS"(display),
				32 /* bits */,
				0 /*PropModeReplace*/,
				&hints,
				hints.sizeof / 4);
		}

		/*k8: unused
		void createOpenGlContext() {

		}
		*/

		void closeWindow() {
			if(buffer)
				XFreePixmap(display, buffer);
			if (blankCurPtr) XFreeCursor(display, blankCurPtr);
			XDestroyWindow(display, window);
			XFlush(display);
		}

		void dispose() {
		}

		bool destroyed = false;

		version(with_eventloop)
		int eventLoop(long pulseTimeout) {
			version(X11)
				XFlush(display);

			import arsd.eventloop;
			auto handle = setInterval(handlePulse, cast(int) pulseTimeout);
			scope(exit) clearInterval(handle);

			loop();
			return 0;
		}
		else
		int eventLoop(long pulseTimeout) {
			bool done = false;

			version(X11)
				XFlush(display);

			version(linux) {
				static import ep = core.sys.linux.epoll;
				static import unix = core.sys.posix.unistd;
				static import err = core.stdc.errno;

				// until this is reliably in druntime i'll use my own
				// so probably like next year i'll switch this over!
				// static import tfd = core.sys.linux.timerfd;

				static struct tfd {
					static:
					import core.sys.posix.time;
					extern(C):
					pragma(mangle, "timerfd_create")
					int timerfd_create(int, int);
					pragma(mangle, "timerfd_settime")
					int timerfd_settime(int, int, const itimerspec*, itimerspec*);
					pragma(mangle, "timerfd_gettime")
					int timerfd_gettime(int, itimerspec*);
					enum TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME = 1 << 0;
					enum TFD_CLOEXEC       = 0x80000;
					enum TFD_NONBLOCK      = 0x800;
				}

				prepareEventLoop();

				ep.epoll_event[16] events = void;

				int pulseFd = -1;
				scope(exit)
					if(pulseFd != -1)
						unix.close(pulseFd);


				{
					// adding Xlib file
					ep.epoll_event ev = void;
					{ import core.stdc.string : memset; memset(&ev, 0, ev.sizeof); } // this makes valgrind happy
					ev.events = ep.EPOLLIN;
					ev.data.fd = display.fd;
					//import std.conv;
					if(ep.epoll_ctl(epollFd, ep.EPOLL_CTL_ADD, display.fd, &ev) == -1)
						throw new Exception("add x fd");// ~ to!string(epollFd));
				}

				if(pulseTimeout) {
					pulseFd = tfd.timerfd_create(tfd.CLOCK_MONOTONIC, 0);
					if(pulseFd == -1)
						throw new Exception("pulse timer create failed");

					tfd.itimerspec value;
					value.it_value.tv_sec = cast(int) (pulseTimeout / 1000);
					value.it_value.tv_nsec = (pulseTimeout % 1000) * 1000_000;

					value.it_interval.tv_sec = cast(int) (pulseTimeout / 1000);
					value.it_interval.tv_nsec = (pulseTimeout % 1000) * 1000_000;

					if(tfd.timerfd_settime(pulseFd, 0, &value, null) == -1)
						throw new Exception("couldn't make pulse timer");
						
					ep.epoll_event ev = void;
					{ import core.stdc.string : memset; memset(&ev, 0, ev.sizeof); } // this makes valgrind happy
					ev.events = ep.EPOLLIN;
					ev.data.fd = pulseFd;
					ep.epoll_ctl(epollFd, ep.EPOLL_CTL_ADD, pulseFd, &ev);
				}

				while(!done) {
					auto nfds = ep.epoll_wait(epollFd, events.ptr, events.length, -1);
					if(nfds == -1) {
						if(err.errno == err.EINTR) {
							continue; // interrupted by signal, just try again
						}
						throw new Exception("epoll wait failure");
					}

					//version(sdddd) { import std.stdio; writeln("nfds=", nfds, "; [0]=", events[0].data.fd); }
					foreach(idx; 0 .. nfds) {
						if(done) break;
						auto fd = events[idx].data.fd;
						assert(fd != -1); // should never happen cuz the api doesn't do that but better to assert than assume.
						auto flags = events[idx].events;
						if(flags & ep.EPOLLIN) {
							if(fd == display.fd) {
								version(sdddd) { import std.stdio; writeln("X EVENT PENDING!"); }
								this.mtLock();
								scope(exit) this.mtUnlock();
								while(!done && XPending(display))
									done = doXNextEvent(this.display);
							} else if(fd == pulseFd) {
								long expirationCount;
								// if we go over the count, I ignore it because i don't want the pulse to go off more often and eat tons of cpu time...

								handlePulse();

								// read just to clear the buffer so poll doesn't trigger again
								// BTW I read AFTER the pulse because if the pulse handler takes
								// a lot of time to execute, we don't want the app to get stuck
								// in a loop of timer hits without a chance to do anything else
								//
								// IOW handlePulse happens at most once per pulse interval.
								unix.read(pulseFd, &expirationCount, expirationCount.sizeof);
							} else {
								// some other timer
								version(sdddd) { import std.stdio; writeln("unknown fd: ", fd); }

								if(Timer* t = fd in Timer.mapping)
									(*t).trigger();

								// or i might add support for other FDs too
								// but for now it is just timer
								// (if you want other fds, use arsd.eventloop and compile with -version=with_eventloop), it offers a fuller api for arbitrary stuff.
							}
						} else {
							// not interested in OUT, we are just reading here.
							//
							// error or hup might also be reported
							// but it shouldn't here since we are only
							// using a few types of FD and Xlib will report
							// if it dies.
							// so instead of thoughtfully handling it, I'll
							// just throw. for now at least

							throw new Exception("epoll did something else");
						}
					}
				}
			} else {
				// Generic fallback: yes to simple pulse support,
				// but NO timer support!

				// FIXME: we could probably support the POSIX timer_create
				// signal-based option, but I'm in no rush to write it since
				// I prefer the fd-based functions.
				while (!done) {
					while(!done &&
						(pulseTimeout == 0 || (XPending(display) > 0)))
					{
						this.mtLock();
						scope(exit) this.mtUnlock();
						done = doXNextEvent(this.display);
					}
					if(!done && !closed && pulseTimeout !=0) {
						if(handlePulse !is null)
							handlePulse();
						import core.thread;
						Thread.sleep(dur!"msecs"(pulseTimeout));
					}
				}
			}

			return 0;
		}
	}
}

version(X11) {
	/// Platform-specific, you might use it when doing a custom event loop
	bool doXNextEvent(Display* display) {
		bool done;
		XEvent e;
		XNextEvent(display, &e);
		version(sdddd) { import std.stdio, std.conv : to; writeln("event for: ", e.xany.window, "; type is ", to!string(cast(EventType)e.type)); }
    // filter out compose events
    if (XFilterEvent(&e, None)) {
      //{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("XFilterEvent filtered!\n"); }
      //NOTE: we should ungrab keyboard here, but simpledisplay doesn't use keyboard grabbing (yet)
      return false;
    }
    // process keyboard mapping changes
    if (e.type == EventType.KeymapNotify) {
      //{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("KeymapNotify processed!\n"); }
      XRefreshKeyboardMapping(&e.xmapping);
      return false;
    }

		version(with_eventloop)
			import arsd.eventloop;

		if(SimpleWindow.handleNativeGlobalEvent !is null) {
			// see windows impl's comments
			XUnlockDisplay(display);
			scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
			auto ret = SimpleWindow.handleNativeGlobalEvent(e);
			if(ret == 0)
				return done;
		}


		if(auto win = e.xany.window in CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping) {
			if(win.getNativeEventHandler !is null) {
				XUnlockDisplay(display);
				scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
				auto ret = win.getNativeEventHandler()(e);
				if(ret == 0)
					return done;
			}
		}

		switch(e.type) {
		  case EventType.SelectionClear:
		  	if(auto win = e.xselectionclear.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping)
				{ /* FIXME??????? */ }
		  break;
		  case EventType.SelectionRequest:
		  	if(auto win = e.xselectionrequest.owner in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping)
			if(win.setSelectionHandler !is null) {
				XUnlockDisplay(display);
				scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
				win.setSelectionHandler(e);
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.SelectionNotify:
		  	if(auto win = e.xselection.requestor in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping)
		  	if(win.getSelectionHandler !is null) {
				// FIXME: maybe we should call a different handler for PRIMARY vs CLIPBOARD
				if(e.xselection.property == None) { // || e.xselection.property == GetAtom!("NULL", true)(e.xselection.display)) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					win.getSelectionHandler(null);
				} else {
					Atom target;
					int format;
					arch_ulong bytesafter, length;
					void* value;
					XGetWindowProperty(
						e.xselection.display,
						e.xselection.requestor,
						e.xselection.property,
						0,
						100000 /* length */,
						false,
						0 /*AnyPropertyType*/,
						&target, &format, &length, &bytesafter, &value);

					// FIXME: it might be sent in pieces...
					// FIXME: or be other formats...
					// FIXME: I don't have to copy it now since it is in char[] instead of string

					{
						XUnlockDisplay(display);
						scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
						win.getSelectionHandler((cast(char[]) value[0 .. length]).idup);
					}
					XFree(value);
					XDeleteProperty(
						e.xselection.display,
						e.xselection.requestor,
						e.xselection.property);
				}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.ConfigureNotify:
			auto event = e.xconfigure;
		  	if(auto win = event.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
					//version(sdddd) { import std.stdio; writeln(" w=", event.width, "; h=", event.height); }
				if(event.width != win.width || event.height != win.height) {
					auto oldWidth = win.width;
					auto oldHeight = win.height;

					win._width = event.width;
					win._height = event.height;

					if(win.openglMode == OpenGlOptions.no && win.resizability == Resizablity.allowResizing) {
						// FIXME: could this be more efficient? It isn't really necessary to make
						// a new buffer if we're sizing down at least.

						// resize the internal buffer to match the window...
						auto newPixmap = XCreatePixmap(display, cast(Drawable) event.window, win.width, win.height, 24);
						XFillRectangle(display, newPixmap, (*win).gc, 0, 0, win.width, win.height);
						XCopyArea(display,
							cast(Drawable) (*win).buffer,
							cast(Drawable) newPixmap,
							(*win).gc, 0, 0,
							oldWidth < (*win).width ? oldWidth : win.width,
							oldHeight < (*win).height ? oldHeight : win.height,
							0, 0);

						XFreePixmap(display, win.buffer);
						win.buffer = newPixmap;
					}

					version(with_opengl)
					if(win.openglMode == OpenGlOptions.yes && win.resizability == Resizablity.automaticallyScaleIfPossible) {
						glViewport(0, 0, event.width, event.height);
					}

					if(win.windowResized !is null)
						XUnlockDisplay(display);
						scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
						win.windowResized(event.width, event.height);
				}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.Expose:
		  	if(auto win = e.xexpose.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
				if((*win).openglMode == OpenGlOptions.no)
					XCopyArea(display, cast(Drawable) (*win).buffer, cast(Drawable) (*win).window, (*win).gc, e.xexpose.x, e.xexpose.y, e.xexpose.width, e.xexpose.height, e.xexpose.x, e.xexpose.y);
				else {
					// need to redraw the scene somehow
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					win.redrawOpenGlSceneNow();
				}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.FocusIn:
		  case EventType.FocusOut:
		  	if(auto win = e.xfocus.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
        if (win.xic !is null) {
          //{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("XIC focus change!\n"); }
          if (e.type == EventType.FocusIn) XSetICFocus(win.xic); else XUnsetICFocus(win.xic);
        }
				if(win.onFocusChange) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					win.onFocusChange(e.type == EventType.FocusIn);
				}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.ClientMessage:
		  	if(e.xclient.data.l[0] == GetAtom!"WM_DELETE_WINDOW"(e.xany.display)) {
				// user clicked the close button on the window manager
				// FIXME: not implemented on Windows
				if(auto win = e.xclient.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					if ((*win).closeQuery !is null) (*win).closeQuery(); else (*win).close();
				}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.MapNotify:
				if(auto win = e.xmap.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
					(*win)._visible = true;
					if (!(*win)._visibleForTheFirstTimeCalled) {
						(*win)._visibleForTheFirstTimeCalled = true;
						if ((*win).visibleForTheFirstTime !is null) {
							XUnlockDisplay(display);
							scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
							(*win).visibleForTheFirstTime();
						}
					}
					if ((*win).visibilityChanged !is null) {
						XUnlockDisplay(display);
						scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
						(*win).visibilityChanged(true);
					}
				}
		  break;
		  case EventType.UnmapNotify:
				if(auto win = e.xunmap.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
					win._visible = false;
					if (win.visibilityChanged !is null) {
						XUnlockDisplay(display);
						scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
						win.visibilityChanged(false);
					}
			}
		  break;
		  case EventType.DestroyNotify:
			if(auto win = e.xdestroywindow.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
				win._closed = true; // just in case
				win.destroyed = true;
				if (win.xic !is null) {
					XDestroyIC(win.xic);
					win.xic = null; // just in calse
				}
				SimpleWindow.nativeMapping.remove(e.xdestroywindow.window);
				if(SimpleWindow.nativeMapping.keys.length == 0)
					done = true;
			}
			auto window = e.xdestroywindow.window;
			if(window in CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping)
				CapableOfHandlingNativeEvent.nativeHandleMapping.remove(window);

			version(with_eventloop) {
				if(done) exit();
			}
		  break;

		  case EventType.MotionNotify:
			MouseEvent mouse;
			auto event = e.xmotion;

			mouse.type = MouseEventType.motion;
			mouse.x = event.x;
			mouse.y = event.y;
			mouse.modifierState = event.state;

			if(auto win = e.xmotion.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
				(*win).mdx(mouse);
				if((*win).handleMouseEvent) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					(*win).handleMouseEvent(mouse);
				}
				mouse.window = *win;
			}

		  	version(with_eventloop)
				send(mouse);
		  break;
		  case EventType.ButtonPress:
		  case EventType.ButtonRelease:
			MouseEvent mouse;
			auto event = e.xbutton;

			mouse.type = cast(MouseEventType) (e.type == EventType.ButtonPress ? 1 : 2);
			mouse.x = event.x;
			mouse.y = event.y;

			switch(event.button) {
				case 1: mouse.button = MouseButton.left; break; // left
				case 2: mouse.button = MouseButton.middle; break; // middle
				case 3: mouse.button = MouseButton.right; break; // right
				case 4: mouse.button = MouseButton.wheelUp; break; // scroll up
				case 5: mouse.button = MouseButton.wheelDown; break; // scroll down
				default:
			}

			// FIXME: double check this
			mouse.modifierState = event.state;

			//mouse.modifierState = event.detail;

			if(auto win = e.xbutton.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
				(*win).mdx(mouse);
				if((*win).handleMouseEvent) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					(*win).handleMouseEvent(mouse);
				}
				mouse.window = *win;
			}
			version(with_eventloop)
				send(mouse);
		  break;

		  case EventType.KeyPress:
		  case EventType.KeyRelease:
			//if (e.type == EventType.KeyPress) { import core.stdc.stdio : stderr, fprintf; fprintf(stderr, "X11 keyboard event!\n"); }
			KeyEvent ke;
			ke.pressed = e.type == EventType.KeyPress;
			ke.hardwareCode = e.xkey.keycode;
			
			auto sym = XKeycodeToKeysym(
				XDisplayConnection.get(),
				e.xkey.keycode,
				0);

			ke.key = cast(Key) sym;//e.xkey.keycode;

			ke.modifierState = e.xkey.state;

			// import std.stdio; writefln("%x", sym);
			wchar_t[128] charbuf = void; // buffer for XwcLookupString; composed value can consist of many chars!
			int charbuflen = 0; // return value of XwcLookupString
			if (ke.pressed) {
				auto win = e.xkey.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping;
				if (win !is null && win.xic !is null) {
					//{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("using xic!\n"); }
					Status status;
					charbuflen = XwcLookupString(win.xic, &e.xkey, charbuf.ptr, cast(int)charbuf.length, &sym, &status);
					//{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("charbuflen=%d\n", charbuflen); }
				} else {
					//{ import core.stdc.stdio : printf; printf("NOT using xic!\n"); }
					// If XIM initialization failed, don't process intl chars. Sorry, boys and girls.
					char[16] buffer;
					auto res = XLookupString(&e.xkey, buffer.ptr, buffer.length, null, null);
					if (res && buffer[0] < 128) charbuf[charbuflen++] = cast(wchar_t)buffer[0];
				}
			}

			// if there's no char, subst one
			if (charbuflen == 0) {
				switch (sym) {
					case 0xff09: charbuf[charbuflen++] = '\t'; break;
					case 0xff8d: // keypad enter
					case 0xff0d: charbuf[charbuflen++] = '\n'; break;
					default : // ignore
				}
			}

			if (auto win = e.xkey.window in SimpleWindow.nativeMapping) {
				ke.window = *win;
				if (win.handleKeyEvent) {
					XUnlockDisplay(display);
					scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
					win.handleKeyEvent(ke);
				}

				// char events are separate since they are on Windows too
				// also, xcompose can generate long char sequences
				if (ke.pressed && charbuflen > 0) {
					// FIXME: I think Windows sends these on releases... we should try to match that, but idk about repeats.
					foreach (immutable dchar ch; charbuf[0..charbuflen]) {
						if (win.handleCharEvent) {
							XUnlockDisplay(display);
							scope(exit) XLockDisplay(display);
							win.handleCharEvent(ch);
						}
					}
				}
			}

			version(with_eventloop)
				send(ke);
		  break;
		  default:
		}

		return done;
	}
}

/* *************************************** */
/*      Done with simpledisplay stuff      */
/* *************************************** */

// Necessary C library bindings follow

version(Windows) {
	import core.sys.windows.windows;

	pragma(lib, "gdi32");
	pragma(lib, "user32");

	extern(Windows) {
		HWND GetConsoleWindow();

		BOOL OpenClipboard(HWND hWndNewOwner);
		BOOL CloseClipboard();
		BOOL EmptyClipboard();
		HANDLE SetClipboardData(UINT uFormat, HANDLE hMem);
		HANDLE GetClipboardData(UINT uFormat);
		LPVOID GlobalLock(HGLOBAL hMem);
		BOOL GlobalUnlock(HGLOBAL hMem);
		HGLOBAL GlobalAlloc(UINT uFlags, SIZE_T dwBytes);
		enum GMEM_MOVEABLE = 0x02;
	}

	version(without_opengl){} else {
		extern(Windows) nothrow @nogc {
			alias HANDLE HGLRC;
			BOOL wglMakeCurrent(HDC, HGLRC);
			HGLRC wglCreateContext(HDC);
			BOOL SwapBuffers(HDC);
			BOOL wglDeleteContext(HGLRC);
			int ChoosePixelFormat(HDC, in PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR*);
			BOOL SetPixelFormat(HDC hdc, int iPixelFormat, const PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR *ppfd);
			void* wglGetProcAddress (const(char)*);
			void* glGetProcAddress (const(char)* name) {
				// see https://www.opengl.org/wiki/Load_OpenGL_Functions for rationale
				auto res = wglGetProcAddress(name);
				if (res is null || res is cast(void*)(0x01) || res is cast(void*)(0x02) || res is cast(void*)(0x03) || res is cast(void*)(-1)) return null;
				return res;
			}

			struct PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR {
			  WORD  nSize;
			  WORD  nVersion;
			  DWORD dwFlags;
			  BYTE  iPixelType;
			  BYTE  cColorBits;
			  BYTE  cRedBits;
			  BYTE  cRedShift;
			  BYTE  cGreenBits;
			  BYTE  cGreenShift;
			  BYTE  cBlueBits;
			  BYTE  cBlueShift;
			  BYTE  cAlphaBits;
			  BYTE  cAlphaShift;
			  BYTE  cAccumBits;
			  BYTE  cAccumRedBits;
			  BYTE  cAccumGreenBits;
			  BYTE  cAccumBlueBits;
			  BYTE  cAccumAlphaBits;
			  BYTE  cDepthBits;
			  BYTE  cStencilBits;
			  BYTE  cAuxBuffers;
			  BYTE  iLayerType;
			  BYTE  bReserved;
			  DWORD dwLayerMask;
			  DWORD dwVisibleMask;
			  DWORD dwDamageMask;
			}

			enum PFD_TYPE_RGBA = 0;
			enum PFD_TYPE_COLORINDEX = 1;

			enum PFD_MAIN_PLANE = 0;
			enum PFD_OVERLAY_PLANE = 1;
			enum PFD_UNDERLAY_PLANE = -1;

			enum {
				PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER          = 0x00000001,
				PFD_STEREO                = 0x00000002,
				PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW        = 0x00000004,
				PFD_DRAW_TO_BITMAP        = 0x00000008,
				PFD_SUPPORT_GDI           = 0x00000010,
				PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL        = 0x00000020,
				PFD_GENERIC_FORMAT        = 0x00000040,
				PFD_NEED_PALETTE          = 0x00000080,
				PFD_NEED_SYSTEM_PALETTE   = 0x00000100,
				PFD_SWAP_EXCHANGE         = 0x00000200,
				PFD_SWAP_COPY             = 0x00000400,
				PFD_SWAP_LAYER_BUFFERS    = 0x00000800,
				PFD_GENERIC_ACCELERATED   = 0x00001000,
				PFD_SUPPORT_DIRECTDRAW    = 0x00002000,
				/* PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR flags for use in ChoosePixelFormat only */
				PFD_DEPTH_DONTCARE        = 0x20000000,
				PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER_DONTCARE = 0x40000000,
				PFD_STEREO_DONTCARE       = 0x80000000
			}



		}
	}

	extern(Windows) {
		// The included D headers are incomplete, finish them here
		// enough that this module works.

		HICON CreateIconFromResourceEx(
			PBYTE pbIconBits,
			DWORD cbIconBits,
			BOOL fIcon,
			DWORD dwVersion,
			int cxDesired,
			int cyDesired,
			UINT uFlags
		);
		BOOL DestroyIcon(HICON);

		DWORD SleepEx(DWORD, BOOL);
		alias GetObjectA GetObject;
		alias GetMessageA GetMessage;
		alias PeekMessageA PeekMessage;
		alias TextOutA TextOut;
		alias DispatchMessageA DispatchMessage;
		alias GetModuleHandleA GetModuleHandle;
		alias LoadCursorA LoadCursor;
		alias LoadIconA LoadIcon;
		alias RegisterClassA RegisterClass;
		alias CreateWindowA CreateWindow;
		alias DefWindowProcA DefWindowProc;
		alias DrawTextA DrawText;

		
int ToUnicodeEx(
  UINT wVirtKey,
  UINT wScanCode,
  const BYTE *lpKeyState,
  LPWSTR pwszBuff,
  int cchBuff,
  UINT wFlags,
  HKL dwhkl
);
BOOL GetKeyboardState(
  PBYTE lpKeyState
);

		enum DT_BOTTOM = 8;
		enum DT_CALCRECT = 1024;
		enum DT_CENTER = 1;
		enum DT_EDITCONTROL = 8192;
		enum DT_END_ELLIPSIS = 32768;
		enum DT_PATH_ELLIPSIS = 16384;
		enum DT_WORD_ELLIPSIS = 0x40000;
		enum DT_EXPANDTABS = 64;
		enum DT_EXTERNALLEADING = 512;
		enum DT_LEFT = 0;
		enum DT_MODIFYSTRING = 65536;
		enum DT_NOCLIP = 256;
		enum DT_NOPREFIX = 2048;
		enum DT_RIGHT = 2;
		enum DT_RTLREADING = 131072;
		enum DT_SINGLELINE = 32;
		enum DT_TABSTOP = 128;
		enum DT_TOP = 0;
		enum DT_VCENTER = 4;
		enum DT_WORDBREAK = 16;
		enum DT_INTERNAL = 4096;



		bool GetTextMetricsW(HDC hdc, TEXTMETRIC* lptm);

struct TEXTMETRIC {
  LONG tmHeight; 
  LONG tmAscent; 
  LONG tmDescent; 
  LONG tmInternalLeading; 
  LONG tmExternalLeading; 
  LONG tmAveCharWidth; 
  LONG tmMaxCharWidth; 
  LONG tmWeight; 
  LONG tmOverhang; 
  LONG tmDigitizedAspectX; 
  LONG tmDigitizedAspectY; 
  char tmFirstChar; 
  char tmLastChar; 
  char tmDefaultChar; 
  char tmBreakChar; 
  BYTE tmItalic; 
  BYTE tmUnderlined; 
  BYTE tmStruckOut; 
  BYTE tmPitchAndFamily; 
  BYTE tmCharSet; 
}

nothrow:


		uint SetTextAlign(HDC hdc, uint fMode);

		bool MoveWindow(HWND hWnd, int X, int Y, int nWidth, int nHeight, bool bRepaint);
		HBITMAP CreateDIBSection(HDC, const BITMAPINFO*, uint, void**, HANDLE hSection, DWORD);
		bool BitBlt(HDC hdcDest, int nXDest, int nYDest, int nWidth, int nHeight, HDC hdcSrc, int nXSrc, int nYSrc, DWORD dwRop);

		LRESULT CallWindowProcW(WNDPROC lpPrevWndFunc, HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) nothrow;
		alias CallWindowProcW CallWindowProc;

		alias SetWindowTextA SetWindowText;

		BOOL SetWindowTextA(HWND hWnd, LPCTSTR lpString);
		int GetWindowTextA(HWND hWnd, LPTSTR lpString, int maxCount);
		int GetWindowTextLength(HWND hwnd);


		alias SetWindowLongW SetWindowLong;
		LONG SetWindowLongW(HWND hWnd,int nIndex,LONG dwNewLong);
		enum GWL_WNDPROC = -4;

		bool DestroyWindow(HWND);
		int DrawTextA(HDC hDC, LPCTSTR lpchText, int nCount, LPRECT lpRect, UINT uFormat);
		bool Rectangle(HDC, int, int, int, int);
		HBRUSH GetSysColorBrush(int nIndex);
		DWORD GetSysColor(int nIndex);

		SHORT GetKeyState(int nVirtKey);

		BOOL IsDialogMessageA(HWND, LPMSG);

		int SetROP2(HDC, int);
		enum R2_XORPEN = 7;
		enum R2_COPYPEN = 13;

		bool Ellipse(HDC, int, int, int, int);
		bool Arc(HDC, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int);
		bool Polygon(HDC, POINT*, int);
		HBRUSH CreateSolidBrush(COLORREF);

		HBITMAP CreateCompatibleBitmap(HDC, int, int);

		uint SetTimer(HWND, UINT_PTR, uint, void*);
		bool KillTimer(HWND, UINT_PTR);


		enum BI_RGB = 0;
		enum DIB_RGB_COLORS = 0;
		enum TRANSPARENT = 1;
	}

	// Input fabrication functions

	// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646309%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
	extern(Windows) BOOL RegisterHotKey(HWND, int, UINT, UINT);
	// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms646310%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
	extern(Windows) UINT SendInput(UINT, INPUT*, int);

	extern(Windows) BOOL UnregisterHotKey(HWND, int);

	struct INPUT {
		DWORD type;
		union {
			MOUSEINPUT mi;
			KEYBDINPUT ki;
			HARDWAREINPUT hi;
		}
	}

	struct MOUSEINPUT {
		LONG      dx;
		LONG      dy;
		DWORD     mouseData;
		DWORD     dwFlags;
		DWORD     time;
		ULONG_PTR dwExtraInfo;
	}

	struct KEYBDINPUT {
		WORD      wVk;
		WORD      wScan;
		DWORD     dwFlags;
		DWORD     time;
		ULONG_PTR dwExtraInfo;
	}

	struct HARDWAREINPUT {
		DWORD uMsg;
		WORD wParamL;
		WORD wParamH;
	}

	enum INPUT_MOUSE = 0;
	enum INPUT_KEYBOARD = 1;
	enum INPUT_HARDWARE = 2;

	enum MOD_ALT = 0x1;
	enum MOD_CONTROL = 0x2;
	enum MOD_NOREPEAT = 0x4000; // unsupported
	enum MOD_SHIFT = 0x4;
	enum MOD_WIN = 0x8; // reserved

	enum WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;

	enum KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x1;
	enum KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x2;
	enum KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE = 0x8;
	enum KEYEVENTF_UNICODE = 0x4;

	extern(Windows)
	DWORD MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(
	  in       DWORD  nCount,
	  in HANDLE *pHandles,
	  in       DWORD  dwMilliseconds,
	  in       DWORD  dwWakeMask,
	  in       DWORD  dwFlags
	);

}

else version(X11) {

// X11 bindings needed here
/*
	A little of this is from the bindings project on
	D Source and some of it is copy/paste from the C
	header.

	The DSource listing consistently used D's long
	where C used long. That's wrong - C long is 32 bit, so
	it should be int in D. I changed that here.

	Note:
	This isn't complete, just took what I needed for myself.
*/

pragma(lib, "X11");
pragma(lib, "Xext");
import core.stdc.stddef : wchar_t;

extern(C) nothrow @nogc {

Cursor XCreateFontCursor(Display*, uint shape);
int XDefineCursor(Display* display, Window w, Cursor cursor);
int XUndefineCursor(Display* display, Window w);

Pixmap XCreateBitmapFromData(Display* display, Drawable d, const(char)* data, uint width, uint height);
Cursor XCreatePixmapCursor(Display* display, Pixmap source, Pixmap mask, XColor* foreground_color, XColor* background_color, uint x, uint y);
int XFreeCursor(Display* display, Cursor cursor);

int XLookupString(XKeyEvent *event_struct, char *buffer_return, int bytes_buffer, KeySym *keysym_return, void *status_in_out);

int XwcLookupString(XIC ic, XKeyPressedEvent* event, wchar_t* buffer_return, int wchars_buffer, KeySym* keysym_return, Status* status_return);

char *XKeysymToString(KeySym keysym);
KeySym XKeycodeToKeysym(
    Display*		/* display */,
    KeyCode		/* keycode */,
    int			/* index */
);


int XConvertSelection(Display *display, Atom selection, Atom target,
              Atom property, Window requestor, Time time);

int XFree(void*);
              int XDeleteProperty(Display *display, Window w, Atom property);

    int XChangeProperty(Display *display, Window w, Atom property, Atom
              type, int format, int mode, in void *data, int nelements);



       int XGetWindowProperty(Display *display, Window w, Atom property, arch_long
              long_offset, arch_long long_length, Bool del, Atom req_type, Atom
              *actual_type_return, int *actual_format_return, arch_ulong
              *nitems_return, arch_ulong *bytes_after_return, void** prop_return);

       int XSetSelectionOwner(Display *display, Atom selection, Window owner,
              Time time);

       Window XGetSelectionOwner(Display *display, Atom selection);





Display* XOpenDisplay(const char*);
int XCloseDisplay(Display*);

Bool XQueryExtension(Display*, const char*, int*, int*, int*);

// XIM and other crap
struct _XOM {}
struct _XIM {}
struct _XIC {}
alias XOM = _XOM*;
alias XIM = _XIM*;
alias XIC = _XIC*;
Bool XSupportsLocale();
char* XSetLocaleModifiers(const(char)* modifier_list);
XOM XOpenOM(Display* display, _XrmHashBucketRec* rdb, const(char)* res_name, const(char)* res_class);
Status XCloseOM(XOM om);

XIM XOpenIM(Display* dpy, _XrmHashBucketRec* rdb, const(char)* res_name, const(char)* res_class);
Status XCloseIM(XIM im);

char* XGetIMValues(XIM im, ...) /*_X_SENTINEL(0)*/;
char* XSetIMValues(XIM im, ...) /*_X_SENTINEL(0)*/;
Display* XDisplayOfIM(XIM im);
char* XLocaleOfIM(XIM im);
XIC XCreateIC(XIM im, ...) /*_X_SENTINEL(0)*/;
void XDestroyIC(XIC ic);
void XSetICFocus(XIC ic);
void XUnsetICFocus(XIC ic);
//wchar_t* XwcResetIC(XIC ic);
char* XmbResetIC(XIC ic);
char* Xutf8ResetIC(XIC ic);
char* XSetICValues(XIC ic, ...) /*_X_SENTINEL(0)*/;
char* XGetICValues(XIC ic, ...) /*_X_SENTINEL(0)*/;
XIM XIMOfIC(XIC ic);

alias XIMStyle = arch_ulong;
enum : arch_ulong {
  XIMPreeditArea      = 0x0001,
  XIMPreeditCallbacks = 0x0002,
  XIMPreeditPosition  = 0x0004,
  XIMPreeditNothing   = 0x0008,
  XIMPreeditNone      = 0x0010,
  XIMStatusArea       = 0x0100,
  XIMStatusCallbacks  = 0x0200,
  XIMStatusNothing    = 0x0400,
  XIMStatusNone       = 0x0800,
}


/* X Shared Memory Extension functions */
	//pragma(lib, "Xshm");
	alias arch_ulong ShmSeg;
	struct XShmSegmentInfo {
		ShmSeg shmseg;
		int shmid;
		ubyte* shmaddr;
		Bool readOnly;
	}
	Status XShmAttach(Display*, XShmSegmentInfo*);
	Status XShmDetach(Display*, XShmSegmentInfo*);
	Status XShmPutImage(
		Display*            /* dpy */,
		Drawable            /* d */,
		GC                  /* gc */,
		XImage*             /* image */,
		int                 /* src_x */,
		int                 /* src_y */,
		int                 /* dst_x */,
		int                 /* dst_y */,
		uint        /* src_width */,
		uint        /* src_height */,
		Bool                /* send_event */
	);

	XImage *XShmCreateImage(
		Display*            /* dpy */,
		Visual*             /* visual */,
		uint        /* depth */,
		int                 /* format */,
		char*               /* data */,
		XShmSegmentInfo*    /* shminfo */,
		uint        /* width */,
		uint        /* height */
	);

	Pixmap XShmCreatePixmap(
		Display*            /* dpy */,
		Drawable            /* d */,
		char*               /* data */,
		XShmSegmentInfo*    /* shminfo */,
		uint        /* width */,
		uint        /* height */,
		uint        /* depth */
	);

	// and the necessary OS functions
	int shmget(int, size_t, int);
	void* shmat(int, in void*, int);
	int shmdt(in void*);

	enum IPC_PRIVATE = 0;
	enum IPC_CREAT = 512;

/* MIT-SHM end */

uint XSendEvent(Display* display, Window w, Bool propagate, arch_long event_mask, XEvent* event_send);


enum MappingType:int {
	MappingModifier		=0,
	MappingKeyboard		=1,
	MappingPointer		=2
}

/* ImageFormat -- PutImage, GetImage */
enum ImageFormat:int {
	XYBitmap	=0,	/* depth 1, XYFormat */
	XYPixmap	=1,	/* depth == drawable depth */
	ZPixmap	=2	/* depth == drawable depth */
}

enum ModifierName:int {
	ShiftMapIndex	=0,
	LockMapIndex	=1,
	ControlMapIndex	=2,
	Mod1MapIndex	=3,
	Mod2MapIndex	=4,
	Mod3MapIndex	=5,
	Mod4MapIndex	=6,
	Mod5MapIndex	=7
}

enum ButtonMask:int {
	Button1Mask	=1<<8,
	Button2Mask	=1<<9,
	Button3Mask	=1<<10,
	Button4Mask	=1<<11,
	Button5Mask	=1<<12,
	AnyModifier	=1<<15/* used in GrabButton, GrabKey */
}

enum KeyOrButtonMask:uint {
	ShiftMask	=1<<0,
	LockMask	=1<<1,
	ControlMask	=1<<2,
	Mod1Mask	=1<<3,
	Mod2Mask	=1<<4,
	Mod3Mask	=1<<5,
	Mod4Mask	=1<<6,
	Mod5Mask	=1<<7,
	Button1Mask	=1<<8,
	Button2Mask	=1<<9,
	Button3Mask	=1<<10,
	Button4Mask	=1<<11,
	Button5Mask	=1<<12,
	AnyModifier	=1<<15/* used in GrabButton, GrabKey */
}

enum ButtonName:int {
	Button1	=1,
	Button2	=2,
	Button3	=3,
	Button4	=4,
	Button5	=5
}

/* Notify modes */
enum NotifyModes:int
{
	NotifyNormal		=0,
	NotifyGrab			=1,
	NotifyUngrab		=2,
	NotifyWhileGrabbed	=3
}
const int NotifyHint	=1;	/* for MotionNotify events */

/* Notify detail */
enum NotifyDetail:int
{
	NotifyAncestor			=0,
	NotifyVirtual			=1,
	NotifyInferior			=2,
	NotifyNonlinear			=3,
	NotifyNonlinearVirtual	=4,
	NotifyPointer			=5,
	NotifyPointerRoot		=6,
	NotifyDetailNone		=7
}

/* Visibility notify */

enum VisibilityNotify:int
{
VisibilityUnobscured		=0,
VisibilityPartiallyObscured	=1,
VisibilityFullyObscured		=2
}


enum WindowStackingMethod:int
{
	Above		=0,
	Below		=1,
	TopIf		=2,
	BottomIf	=3,
	Opposite	=4
}

/* Circulation request */
enum CirculationRequest:int
{
	PlaceOnTop		=0,
	PlaceOnBottom	=1
}

enum PropertyNotification:int
{
	PropertyNewValue	=0,
	PropertyDelete		=1
}

enum ColorMapNotification:int
{
	ColormapUninstalled	=0,
	ColormapInstalled		=1
}


	struct _XPrivate {}
	struct _XrmHashBucketRec {}

	alias void* XPointer;
	alias void* XExtData;

	version( X86_64 ) {
		alias ulong XID;
		alias ulong arch_ulong;
		alias long arch_long;
	} else {
		alias uint XID;
		alias uint arch_ulong;
		alias int arch_long;
	}

	alias XID Window;
	alias XID Drawable;
	alias XID Pixmap;

	alias arch_ulong Atom;
	alias int Bool;
	alias Display XDisplay;

	alias int ByteOrder;
	alias arch_ulong Time;
	alias void ScreenFormat;

	struct XImage {
	    int width, height;			/* size of image */
	    int xoffset;				/* number of pixels offset in X direction */
	    ImageFormat format;		/* XYBitmap, XYPixmap, ZPixmap */
	    void *data;					/* pointer to image data */
	    ByteOrder byte_order;		/* data byte order, LSBFirst, MSBFirst */
	    int bitmap_unit;			/* quant. of scanline 8, 16, 32 */
	    int bitmap_bit_order;		/* LSBFirst, MSBFirst */
	    int bitmap_pad;			/* 8, 16, 32 either XY or ZPixmap */
	    int depth;					/* depth of image */
	    int bytes_per_line;			/* accelarator to next line */
	    int bits_per_pixel;			/* bits per pixel (ZPixmap) */
	    arch_ulong red_mask;	/* bits in z arrangment */
	    arch_ulong green_mask;
	    arch_ulong blue_mask;
	    XPointer obdata;			/* hook for the object routines to hang on */
	    struct F {				/* image manipulation routines */
			XImage* function(
				XDisplay* 			/* display */,
				Visual*				/* visual */,
				uint				/* depth */,
				int					/* format */,
				int					/* offset */,
				byte*				/* data */,
				uint				/* width */,
				uint				/* height */,
				int					/* bitmap_pad */,
				int					/* bytes_per_line */) create_image;
			int  function(XImage *)destroy_image;
			arch_ulong function(XImage *, int, int)get_pixel;
			int  function(XImage *, int, int, uint)put_pixel;
			XImage function(XImage *, int, int, uint, uint)sub_image;
			int function(XImage *, int)add_pixel;
		}

		F f;
	}
	version(X86_64) static assert(XImage.sizeof == 136);

struct XCharStruct {
    short       lbearing;       /* origin to left edge of raster */
    short       rbearing;       /* origin to right edge of raster */
    short       width;          /* advance to next char's origin */
    short       ascent;         /* baseline to top edge of raster */
    short       descent;        /* baseline to bottom edge of raster */
    ushort attributes;  /* per char flags (not predefined) */
}

/*
 * To allow arbitrary information with fonts, there are additional properties
 * returned.
 */
struct XFontProp {
    Atom name;
    arch_ulong card32;
}

alias Atom Font;

struct XFontStruct {
   XExtData *ext_data;           /* Hook for extension to hang data */
   Font fid;                     /* Font ID for this font */
   uint direction;           /* Direction the font is painted */
   uint min_char_or_byte2;   /* First character */
   uint max_char_or_byte2;   /* Last character */
   uint min_byte1;           /* First row that exists (for two-byte
                                  * fonts) */
   uint max_byte1;           /* Last row that exists (for two-byte
                                  * fonts) */
   Bool all_chars_exist;         /* Flag if all characters have nonzero
                                  * size */
   uint default_char;        /* Char to print for undefined character */
   int n_properties;             /* How many properties there are */
   XFontProp *properties;        /* Pointer to array of additional
                                  * properties*/
   XCharStruct min_bounds;       /* Minimum bounds over all existing char*/
   XCharStruct max_bounds;       /* Maximum bounds over all existing char*/
   XCharStruct *per_char;        /* first_char to last_char information */
   int ascent;                   /* Max extent above baseline for spacing */
   int descent;                  /* Max descent below baseline for spacing */
}

	XFontStruct *XLoadQueryFont(Display *display, in char *name);
	int XFreeFont(Display *display, XFontStruct *font_struct);
	int XSetFont(Display* display, GC gc, Font font);
	int XTextWidth(XFontStruct*, in char*, int);

	int XSetLineAttributes(Display *display, GC gc, uint line_width, int line_style, int cap_style, int join_style);
	int XSetDashes(Display *display, GC gc, int dash_offset, in char* dash_list, int n);



/*
 * Definitions of specific events.
 */
struct XKeyEvent
{
	int type;			/* of event */
	arch_ulong serial;		/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;	        /* "event" window it is reported relative to */
	Window root;	        /* root window that the event occurred on */
	Window subwindow;	/* child window */
	Time time;		/* milliseconds */
	int x, y;		/* pointer x, y coordinates in event window */
	int x_root, y_root;	/* coordinates relative to root */
	KeyOrButtonMask state;	/* key or button mask */
	uint keycode;	/* detail */
	Bool same_screen;	/* same screen flag */
}
version(X86_64) static assert(XKeyEvent.sizeof == 96);
alias XKeyEvent XKeyPressedEvent;
alias XKeyEvent XKeyReleasedEvent;

struct XButtonEvent
{
	int type;		/* of event */
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;	        /* "event" window it is reported relative to */
	Window root;	        /* root window that the event occurred on */
	Window subwindow;	/* child window */
	Time time;		/* milliseconds */
	int x, y;		/* pointer x, y coordinates in event window */
	int x_root, y_root;	/* coordinates relative to root */
	KeyOrButtonMask state;	/* key or button mask */
	uint button;	/* detail */
	Bool same_screen;	/* same screen flag */
}
alias XButtonEvent XButtonPressedEvent;
alias XButtonEvent XButtonReleasedEvent;

struct XMotionEvent{
	int type;		/* of event */
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;	        /* "event" window reported relative to */
	Window root;	        /* root window that the event occurred on */
	Window subwindow;	/* child window */
	Time time;		/* milliseconds */
	int x, y;		/* pointer x, y coordinates in event window */
	int x_root, y_root;	/* coordinates relative to root */
	KeyOrButtonMask state;	/* key or button mask */
	byte is_hint;		/* detail */
	Bool same_screen;	/* same screen flag */
}
alias XMotionEvent XPointerMovedEvent;

struct XCrossingEvent{
	int type;		/* of event */
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;	        /* "event" window reported relative to */
	Window root;	        /* root window that the event occurred on */
	Window subwindow;	/* child window */
	Time time;		/* milliseconds */
	int x, y;		/* pointer x, y coordinates in event window */
	int x_root, y_root;	/* coordinates relative to root */
	NotifyModes mode;		/* NotifyNormal, NotifyGrab, NotifyUngrab */
	NotifyDetail detail;
	/*
	 * NotifyAncestor, NotifyVirtual, NotifyInferior,
	 * NotifyNonlinear,NotifyNonlinearVirtual
	 */
	Bool same_screen;	/* same screen flag */
	Bool focus;		/* Boolean focus */
	KeyOrButtonMask state;	/* key or button mask */
}
alias XCrossingEvent XEnterWindowEvent;
alias XCrossingEvent XLeaveWindowEvent;

struct XFocusChangeEvent{
	int type;		/* FocusIn or FocusOut */
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;		/* window of event */
	NotifyModes mode;		/* NotifyNormal, NotifyWhileGrabbed,
				   NotifyGrab, NotifyUngrab */
	NotifyDetail detail;
	/*
	 * NotifyAncestor, NotifyVirtual, NotifyInferior,
	 * NotifyNonlinear,NotifyNonlinearVirtual, NotifyPointer,
	 * NotifyPointerRoot, NotifyDetailNone
	 */
}
alias XFocusChangeEvent XFocusInEvent;
alias XFocusChangeEvent XFocusOutEvent;
Window XCreateSimpleWindow(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Window		/* parent */,
    int			/* x */,
    int			/* y */,
    uint		/* width */,
    uint		/* height */,
    uint		/* border_width */,
    uint		/* border */,
    uint		/* background */
);
Window XCreateWindow(Display *display, Window parent, int x, int y, uint width, uint height, uint border_width, int depth, uint class_, Visual *visual, arch_ulong valuemask, XSetWindowAttributes *attributes);

int XReparentWindow(Display*, Window, Window, int, int);
int XClearWindow(Display*, Window);
int XMoveResizeWindow(Display*, Window, int, int, uint, uint);
int XMoveWindow(Display*, Window, int, int);

       Colormap XCreateColormap(Display *display, Window w, Visual *visual, int alloc);

enum CWBackPixmap              = (1L<<0);
enum CWBackPixel               = (1L<<1);
enum CWBorderPixmap            = (1L<<2);
enum CWBorderPixel             = (1L<<3);
enum CWBitGravity              = (1L<<4);
enum CWWinGravity              = (1L<<5);
enum CWBackingStore            = (1L<<6);
enum CWBackingPlanes           = (1L<<7);
enum CWBackingPixel            = (1L<<8);
enum CWOverrideRedirect        = (1L<<9);
enum CWSaveUnder               = (1L<<10);
enum CWEventMask               = (1L<<11);
enum CWDontPropagate           = (1L<<12);
enum CWColormap                = (1L<<13);
enum CWCursor                  = (1L<<14);

struct XWindowAttributes {
	int x, y;			/* location of window */
	int width, height;		/* width and height of window */
	int border_width;		/* border width of window */
	int depth;			/* depth of window */
	Visual *visual;			/* the associated visual structure */
	Window root;			/* root of screen containing window */
	int class_;			/* InputOutput, InputOnly*/
	int bit_gravity;		/* one of the bit gravity values */
	int win_gravity;		/* one of the window gravity values */
	int backing_store;		/* NotUseful, WhenMapped, Always */
	arch_ulong	 backing_planes;	/* planes to be preserved if possible */
	arch_ulong	 backing_pixel;	/* value to be used when restoring planes */
	Bool save_under;		/* boolean, should bits under be saved? */
	Colormap colormap;		/* color map to be associated with window */
	Bool map_installed;		/* boolean, is color map currently installed*/
	int map_state;			/* IsUnmapped, IsUnviewable, IsViewable */
	arch_long all_event_masks;		/* set of events all people have interest in*/
	arch_long your_event_mask;		/* my event mask */
	arch_long do_not_propagate_mask;	/* set of events that should not propagate */
	Bool override_redirect;		/* boolean value for override-redirect */
	Screen *screen;			/* back pointer to correct screen */
}

enum IsUnmapped = 0;
enum IsUnviewable = 1;
enum IsViewable = 2;

Status XGetWindowAttributes(Display*, Window, XWindowAttributes*);

struct XSetWindowAttributes {
	Pixmap background_pixmap;/* background, None, or ParentRelative */
	arch_ulong background_pixel;/* background pixel */
	Pixmap border_pixmap;    /* border of the window or CopyFromParent */
	arch_ulong border_pixel;/* border pixel value */
	int bit_gravity;         /* one of bit gravity values */
	int win_gravity;         /* one of the window gravity values */
	int backing_store;       /* NotUseful, WhenMapped, Always */
	arch_ulong backing_planes;/* planes to be preserved if possible */
	arch_ulong backing_pixel;/* value to use in restoring planes */
	Bool save_under;         /* should bits under be saved? (popups) */
	arch_long event_mask;         /* set of events that should be saved */
	arch_long do_not_propagate_mask;/* set of events that should not propagate */
	Bool override_redirect;  /* boolean value for override_redirect */
	Colormap colormap;       /* color map to be associated with window */
	Cursor cursor;           /* cursor to be displayed (or None) */
}




XImage *XCreateImage(
    Display*		/* display */,
    Visual*		/* visual */,
    uint	/* depth */,
    int			/* format */,
    int			/* offset */,
    ubyte*		/* data */,
    uint	/* width */,
    uint	/* height */,
    int			/* bitmap_pad */,
    int			/* bytes_per_line */
);

Atom XInternAtom(
    Display*		/* display */,
    const char*	/* atom_name */,
    Bool		/* only_if_exists */
);

alias int Status;


enum EventMask:int
{
	NoEventMask				=0,
	KeyPressMask			=1<<0,
	KeyReleaseMask			=1<<1,
	ButtonPressMask			=1<<2,
	ButtonReleaseMask		=1<<3,
	EnterWindowMask			=1<<4,
	LeaveWindowMask			=1<<5,
	PointerMotionMask		=1<<6,
	PointerMotionHintMask	=1<<7,
	Button1MotionMask		=1<<8,
	Button2MotionMask		=1<<9,
	Button3MotionMask		=1<<10,
	Button4MotionMask		=1<<11,
	Button5MotionMask		=1<<12,
	ButtonMotionMask		=1<<13,
	KeymapStateMask		=1<<14,
	ExposureMask			=1<<15,
	VisibilityChangeMask	=1<<16,
	StructureNotifyMask		=1<<17,
	ResizeRedirectMask		=1<<18,
	SubstructureNotifyMask	=1<<19,
	SubstructureRedirectMask=1<<20,
	FocusChangeMask			=1<<21,
	PropertyChangeMask		=1<<22,
	ColormapChangeMask		=1<<23,
	OwnerGrabButtonMask		=1<<24
}

int XPutImage(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Drawable	/* d */,
    GC			/* gc */,
    XImage*	/* image */,
    int			/* src_x */,
    int			/* src_y */,
    int			/* dest_x */,
    int			/* dest_y */,
    uint		/* width */,
    uint		/* height */
);

int XDestroyWindow(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Window		/* w */
);

int XDestroyImage(
	XImage*);

int XSelectInput(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Window		/* w */,
    EventMask	/* event_mask */
);

int XMapWindow(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Window		/* w */
);

struct MwmHints {
    int flags;
    int functions;
    int decorations;
    int input_mode;
    int status;
}

enum {
    MWM_HINTS_FUNCTIONS = (1L << 0),
    MWM_HINTS_DECORATIONS =  (1L << 1),

    MWM_FUNC_ALL = (1L << 0),
    MWM_FUNC_RESIZE = (1L << 1),
    MWM_FUNC_MOVE = (1L << 2),
    MWM_FUNC_MINIMIZE = (1L << 3),
    MWM_FUNC_MAXIMIZE = (1L << 4),
    MWM_FUNC_CLOSE = (1L << 5)
}

Status XIconifyWindow(Display*, Window, int);
int XMapRaised(Display*, Window);
int XMapSubwindows(Display*, Window);

int XNextEvent(
    Display*	/* display */,
    XEvent*		/* event_return */
);

Bool XFilterEvent(XEvent *event, Window window);
int XRefreshKeyboardMapping(XMappingEvent *event_map);

Status XSetWMProtocols(
    Display*	/* display */,
    Window		/* w */,
    Atom*		/* protocols */,
    int			/* count */
);

void XSetWMNormalHints(Display *display, Window w, XSizeHints *hints);

       /* Size hints mask bits */

       enum   USPosition  = (1L << 0)          /* user specified x, y */;
       enum   USSize      = (1L << 1)          /* user specified width, height
                                                  */;
       enum   PPosition   = (1L << 2)          /* program specified position
                                                  */;
       enum   PSize       = (1L << 3)          /* program specified size */;
       enum   PMinSize    = (1L << 4)          /* program specified minimum
                                                  size */;
       enum   PMaxSize    = (1L << 5)          /* program specified maximum
                                                  size */;
       enum   PResizeInc  = (1L << 6)          /* program specified resize
                                                  increments */;
       enum   PAspect     = (1L << 7)          /* program specified min and
                                                  max aspect ratios */;
       enum   PBaseSize   = (1L << 8);
       enum   PWinGravity = (1L << 9);
       enum   PAllHints   = (PPosition|PSize| PMinSize|PMaxSize| PResizeInc|PAspect);
       struct XSizeHints {
            arch_long flags;         /* marks which fields in this structure are defined */
            int x, y;           /* Obsolete */
            int width, height;  /* Obsolete */
            int min_width, min_height;
            int max_width, max_height;
            int width_inc, height_inc;
            struct Aspect {
                   int x;       /* numerator */
                   int y;       /* denominator */
            }
	    
	    Aspect min_aspect;
	    Aspect max_aspect;
            int base_width, base_height;
            int win_gravity;
            /* this structure may be extended in the future */
       }



enum EventType:int
{
	KeyPress			=2,
	KeyRelease			=3,
	ButtonPress			=4,
	ButtonRelease		=5,
	MotionNotify		=6,
	EnterNotify			=7,
	LeaveNotify			=8,
	FocusIn				=9,
	FocusOut			=10,
	KeymapNotify		=11,
	Expose				=12,
	GraphicsExpose		=13,
	NoExpose			=14,
	VisibilityNotify	=15,
	CreateNotify		=16,
	DestroyNotify		=17,
	UnmapNotify		=18,
	MapNotify			=19,
	MapRequest			=20,
	ReparentNotify		=21,
	ConfigureNotify		=22,
	ConfigureRequest	=23,
	GravityNotify		=24,
	ResizeRequest		=25,
	CirculateNotify		=26,
	CirculateRequest	=27,
	PropertyNotify		=28,
	SelectionClear		=29,
	SelectionRequest	=30,
	SelectionNotify		=31,
	ColormapNotify		=32,
	ClientMessage		=33,
	MappingNotify		=34,
	LASTEvent			=35	/* must be bigger than any event # */
}
/* generated on EnterWindow and FocusIn  when KeyMapState selected */
struct XKeymapEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	byte[32] key_vector;
}

struct XExposeEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	int x, y;
	int width, height;
	int count;		/* if non-zero, at least this many more */
}

struct XGraphicsExposeEvent{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Drawable drawable;
	int x, y;
	int width, height;
	int count;		/* if non-zero, at least this many more */
	int major_code;		/* core is CopyArea or CopyPlane */
	int minor_code;		/* not defined in the core */
}

struct XNoExposeEvent{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Drawable drawable;
	int major_code;		/* core is CopyArea or CopyPlane */
	int minor_code;		/* not defined in the core */
}

struct XVisibilityEvent{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	VisibilityNotify state;		/* Visibility state */
}

struct XCreateWindowEvent{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window parent;		/* parent of the window */
	Window window;		/* window id of window created */
	int x, y;		/* window location */
	int width, height;	/* size of window */
	int border_width;	/* border width */
	Bool override_redirect;	/* creation should be overridden */
}

struct XDestroyWindowEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;		/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
}

struct XUnmapEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;		/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	Bool from_configure;
}

struct XMapEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;		/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	Bool override_redirect;	/* Boolean, is override set... */
}

struct XMapRequestEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window parent;
	Window window;
}

struct XReparentEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	Window parent;
	int x, y;
	Bool override_redirect;
}

struct XConfigureEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	int x, y;
	int width, height;
	int border_width;
	Window above;
	Bool override_redirect;
}

struct XGravityEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	int x, y;
}

struct XResizeRequestEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	int width, height;
}

struct  XConfigureRequestEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window parent;
	Window window;
	int x, y;
	int width, height;
	int border_width;
	Window above;
	WindowStackingMethod detail;		/* Above, Below, TopIf, BottomIf, Opposite */
	arch_ulong value_mask;
}

struct XCirculateEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window event;
	Window window;
	CirculationRequest place;		/* PlaceOnTop, PlaceOnBottom */
}

struct XCirculateRequestEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window parent;
	Window window;
	CirculationRequest place;		/* PlaceOnTop, PlaceOnBottom */
}

struct XPropertyEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	Atom atom;
	Time time;
	PropertyNotification state;		/* NewValue, Deleted */
}

struct XSelectionClearEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	Atom selection;
	Time time;
}

struct XSelectionRequestEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window owner;
	Window requestor;
	Atom selection;
	Atom target;
	Atom property;
	Time time;
}

struct XSelectionEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window requestor;
	Atom selection;
	Atom target;
	Atom property;		/* ATOM or None */
	Time time;
}
version(X86_64) static assert(XSelectionClearEvent.sizeof == 56);

struct XColormapEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	Colormap colormap;	/* COLORMAP or None */
	Bool new_;		/* C++ */
	ColorMapNotification state;		/* ColormapInstalled, ColormapUninstalled */
}
version(X86_64) static assert(XColormapEvent.sizeof == 56);

struct XClientMessageEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;
	Atom message_type;
	int format;
	union Data{
		byte[20] b;
		short[10] s;
		arch_ulong[5] l;
	}
	Data data;
	
}
version(X86_64) static assert(XClientMessageEvent.sizeof == 96);

struct XMappingEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;		/* unused */
	MappingType request;		/* one of MappingModifier, MappingKeyboard,
				   MappingPointer */
	int first_keycode;	/* first keycode */
	int count;		/* defines range of change w. first_keycode*/
}

struct XErrorEvent
{
	int type;
	Display *display;	/* Display the event was read from */
	XID resourceid;		/* resource id */
	arch_ulong serial;	/* serial number of failed request */
	ubyte error_code;	/* error code of failed request */
	ubyte request_code;	/* Major op-code of failed request */
	ubyte minor_code;	/* Minor op-code of failed request */
}

struct XAnyEvent
{
	int type;
	arch_ulong serial;	/* # of last request processed by server */
	Bool send_event;	/* true if this came from a SendEvent request */
	Display *display;/* Display the event was read from */
	Window window;	/* window on which event was requested in event mask */
}

union XEvent{
    int type;		/* must not be changed; first element */
	XAnyEvent xany;
	XKeyEvent xkey;
	XButtonEvent xbutton;
	XMotionEvent xmotion;
	XCrossingEvent xcrossing;
	XFocusChangeEvent xfocus;
	XExposeEvent xexpose;
	XGraphicsExposeEvent xgraphicsexpose;
	XNoExposeEvent xnoexpose;
	XVisibilityEvent xvisibility;
	XCreateWindowEvent xcreatewindow;
	XDestroyWindowEvent xdestroywindow;
	XUnmapEvent xunmap;
	XMapEvent xmap;
	XMapRequestEvent xmaprequest;
	XReparentEvent xreparent;
	XConfigureEvent xconfigure;
	XGravityEvent xgravity;
	XResizeRequestEvent xresizerequest;
	XConfigureRequestEvent xconfigurerequest;
	XCirculateEvent xcirculate;
	XCirculateRequestEvent xcirculaterequest;
	XPropertyEvent xproperty;
	XSelectionClearEvent xselectionclear;
	XSelectionRequestEvent xselectionrequest;
	XSelectionEvent xselection;
	XColormapEvent xcolormap;
	XClientMessageEvent xclient;
	XMappingEvent xmapping;
	XErrorEvent xerror;
	XKeymapEvent xkeymap;
	arch_ulong[24] pad;
}


	struct Display {
		XExtData *ext_data;	/* hook for extension to hang data */
		_XPrivate *private1;
		int fd;			/* Network socket. */
		int private2;
		int proto_major_version;/* major version of server's X protocol */
		int proto_minor_version;/* minor version of servers X protocol */
		char *vendor;		/* vendor of the server hardware */
	    	XID private3;
		XID private4;
		XID private5;
		int private6;
		XID function(Display*)resource_alloc;/* allocator function */
		ByteOrder byte_order;		/* screen byte order, LSBFirst, MSBFirst */
		int bitmap_unit;	/* padding and data requirements */
		int bitmap_pad;		/* padding requirements on bitmaps */
		ByteOrder bitmap_bit_order;	/* LeastSignificant or MostSignificant */
		int nformats;		/* number of pixmap formats in list */
		ScreenFormat *pixmap_format;	/* pixmap format list */
		int private8;
		int release;		/* release of the server */
		_XPrivate *private9;
		_XPrivate *private10;
		int qlen;		/* Length of input event queue */
		arch_ulong last_request_read; /* seq number of last event read */
		arch_ulong request;	/* sequence number of last request. */
		XPointer private11;
		XPointer private12;
		XPointer private13;
		XPointer private14;
		uint max_request_size; /* maximum number 32 bit words in request*/
		_XrmHashBucketRec *db;
		int function  (Display*)private15;
		char *display_name;	/* "host:display" string used on this connect*/
		int default_screen;	/* default screen for operations */
		int nscreens;		/* number of screens on this server*/
		Screen *screens;	/* pointer to list of screens */
		arch_ulong motion_buffer;	/* size of motion buffer */
		arch_ulong private16;
		int min_keycode;	/* minimum defined keycode */
		int max_keycode;	/* maximum defined keycode */
		XPointer private17;
		XPointer private18;
		int private19;
		byte *xdefaults;	/* contents of defaults from server */
		/* there is more to this structure, but it is private to Xlib */
	}

	// I got these numbers from a C program as a sanity test
	version(X86_64) {
		static assert(Display.sizeof == 296);
		static assert(XPointer.sizeof == 8);
		static assert(XErrorEvent.sizeof == 40);
		static assert(XAnyEvent.sizeof == 40);
		static assert(XMappingEvent.sizeof == 56);
		static assert(XEvent.sizeof == 192);
	} else {
		static assert(Display.sizeof == 176);
		static assert(XPointer.sizeof == 4);
		static assert(XEvent.sizeof == 96);
	}

struct Depth
{
	int depth;		/* this depth (Z) of the depth */
	int nvisuals;		/* number of Visual types at this depth */
	Visual *visuals;	/* list of visuals possible at this depth */
}

alias void* GC;
alias int VisualID;
alias XID Colormap;
alias XID Cursor;
alias XID KeySym;
alias uint KeyCode;
enum None = 0;
}

version(without_opengl) {}
else {
extern(C) nothrow @nogc {

enum GLX_USE_GL=            1;       /* support GLX rendering */
enum GLX_BUFFER_SIZE=       2;       /* depth of the color buffer */
enum GLX_LEVEL=             3;       /* level in plane stacking */
enum GLX_RGBA=              4;       /* true if RGBA mode */
enum GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER=      5;       /* double buffering supported */
enum GLX_STEREO=            6;       /* stereo buffering supported */
enum GLX_AUX_BUFFERS=       7;       /* number of aux buffers */
enum GLX_RED_SIZE=          8;       /* number of red component bits */
enum GLX_GREEN_SIZE=        9;       /* number of green component bits */
enum GLX_BLUE_SIZE=         10;      /* number of blue component bits */
enum GLX_ALPHA_SIZE=        11;      /* number of alpha component bits */
enum GLX_DEPTH_SIZE=        12;      /* number of depth bits */
enum GLX_STENCIL_SIZE=      13;      /* number of stencil bits */
enum GLX_ACCUM_RED_SIZE=    14;      /* number of red accum bits */
enum GLX_ACCUM_GREEN_SIZE=  15;      /* number of green accum bits */
enum GLX_ACCUM_BLUE_SIZE=   16;      /* number of blue accum bits */
enum GLX_ACCUM_ALPHA_SIZE=  17;      /* number of alpha accum bits */



XVisualInfo* glXChooseVisual(Display *dpy, int screen, in int *attrib_list);



enum GL_TRUE = 1;
enum GL_FALSE = 0;
alias int GLint;

alias XID GLXContextID;
alias XID GLXPixmap;
alias XID GLXDrawable;
alias XID GLXPbuffer;
alias XID GLXWindow;
alias XID GLXFBConfigID;
alias void* GLXContext;

	 XVisualInfo* glXChooseVisual(Display *dpy, int screen,
			int *attrib_list);

	 void glXCopyContext(Display *dpy, GLXContext src,
			GLXContext dst, arch_ulong mask);

	 GLXContext glXCreateContext(Display *dpy, XVisualInfo *vis,
			GLXContext share_list, Bool direct);

	 GLXPixmap glXCreateGLXPixmap(Display *dpy, XVisualInfo *vis,
			Pixmap pixmap);

	 void glXDestroyContext(Display *dpy, GLXContext ctx);

	 void glXDestroyGLXPixmap(Display *dpy, GLXPixmap pix);

	 int glXGetConfig(Display *dpy, XVisualInfo *vis,
			int attrib, int *value);

	 GLXContext glXGetCurrentContext();

	 GLXDrawable glXGetCurrentDrawable();

	 Bool glXIsDirect(Display *dpy, GLXContext ctx);

	 Bool glXMakeCurrent(Display *dpy, GLXDrawable drawable,
			GLXContext ctx);

	 Bool glXQueryExtension(Display *dpy, int *error_base, int *event_base);

	 Bool glXQueryVersion(Display *dpy, int *major, int *minor);

	 void glXSwapBuffers(Display *dpy, GLXDrawable drawable);

	 void glXUseXFont(Font font, int first, int count, int list_base);

	 void glXWaitGL();

	 void glXWaitX();


	enum AllocNone = 0;
	struct XVisualInfo {
		Visual *visual;
		VisualID visualid;
		int screen;
		int depth;
		int c_class;                                  /* C++ */
		arch_ulong red_mask;
		arch_ulong green_mask;
		arch_ulong blue_mask;
		int colormap_size;
		int bits_per_rgb;
	}
}
}

extern(C) nothrow @nogc {
struct Screen{
	XExtData *ext_data;		/* hook for extension to hang data */
	Display *display;		/* back pointer to display structure */
	Window root;			/* Root window id. */
	int width, height;		/* width and height of screen */
	int mwidth, mheight;	/* width and height of  in millimeters */
	int ndepths;			/* number of depths possible */
	Depth *depths;			/* list of allowable depths on the screen */
	int root_depth;			/* bits per pixel */
	Visual *root_visual;	/* root visual */
	GC default_gc;			/* GC for the root root visual */
	Colormap cmap;			/* default color map */
	uint white_pixel;
	uint black_pixel;		/* White and Black pixel values */
	int max_maps, min_maps;	/* max and min color maps */
	int backing_store;		/* Never, WhenMapped, Always */
	bool save_unders;
	int root_input_mask;	/* initial root input mask */
}

struct Visual
{
	XExtData *ext_data;	/* hook for extension to hang data */
	VisualID visualid;	/* visual id of this visual */
	int class_;			/* class of screen (monochrome, etc.) */
	uint red_mask, green_mask, blue_mask;	/* mask values */
	int bits_per_rgb;	/* log base 2 of distinct color values */
	int map_entries;	/* color map entries */
}

	alias Display* _XPrivDisplay;

	Screen* ScreenOfDisplay(Display* dpy, int scr) {
		assert(dpy !is null);
		return &dpy.screens[scr];
	}

	Window	RootWindow(Display *dpy,int scr) {
		return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy,scr).root;
	}

	struct XWMHints {
		arch_long flags;
		Bool input;
		int initial_state;
		Pixmap icon_pixmap;
		Window icon_window;
		int icon_x, icon_y;
		Pixmap icon_mask;
		XID window_group;
	}

	struct XClassHint {
		char* res_name;
		char* res_class;
	}

	Status XInitThreads();
	void XLockDisplay (Display* display);
	void XUnlockDisplay (Display* display);

	void XSetWMProperties(Display*, Window, XTextProperty*, XTextProperty*, char**, int, XSizeHints*, XWMHints*, XClassHint*);

	Status XInternAtoms(Display*, in char**, int, Bool, Atom*);

	// this requires -lXpm
	int XpmCreatePixmapFromData(Display*, Drawable, in char**, Pixmap*, Pixmap*, void*); // FIXME: void* should be XpmAttributes

	int DefaultScreen(Display *dpy) {
		return dpy.default_screen;
	}

	int DefaultDepth(Display* dpy, int scr) { return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy, scr).root_depth; }
	int DisplayWidth(Display* dpy, int scr) { return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy, scr).width; }
	int DisplayHeight(Display* dpy, int scr) { return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy, scr).height; }
	auto DefaultColormap(Display* dpy, int scr) { return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy, scr).cmap; }

	int ConnectionNumber(Display* dpy) { return dpy.fd; }

	enum int AnyPropertyType = 0;
	enum int Success = 0;

	enum int RevertToNone = None;
	enum int PointerRoot = 1;
	enum Time CurrentTime = 0;
	enum int RevertToPointerRoot = PointerRoot;
	enum int RevertToParent = 2;

	Visual* DefaultVisual(Display *dpy,int scr) {
		return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy,scr).root_visual;
	}

	GC DefaultGC(Display *dpy,int scr) {
		return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy,scr).default_gc;
	}

	uint BlackPixel(Display *dpy,int scr) {
		return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy,scr).black_pixel;
	}

	uint WhitePixel(Display *dpy,int scr) {
		return ScreenOfDisplay(dpy,scr).white_pixel;
	}

	// check out Xft too: http://www.keithp.com/~keithp/render/Xft.tutorial
	int XDrawString(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, in char*, int);
	int XDrawLine(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, int, int);
	int XDrawRectangle(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint);
	int XDrawArc(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint, int, int);
	int XFillRectangle(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint);
	int XFillArc(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint, int, int);
	int XDrawPoint(Display*, Drawable, GC, int, int);
	int XSetForeground(Display*, GC, uint);
	int XSetBackground(Display*, GC, uint);

	int XSetFunction(Display*, GC, int);
	enum GXcopy = 0x3;
	enum GXxor = 0x6;

	GC XCreateGC(Display*, Drawable, uint, void*);
	int XCopyGC(Display*, GC, uint, GC);
	int XFreeGC(Display*, GC);

	bool XCheckWindowEvent(Display*, Window, int, XEvent*);
	bool XCheckMaskEvent(Display*, int, XEvent*);

	int XPending(Display*);

	Pixmap XCreatePixmap(Display*, Drawable, uint, uint, uint);
	int XFreePixmap(Display*, Pixmap);
	int XCopyArea(Display*, Drawable, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint, int, int);
	int XFlush(Display*);
	int XBell(Display*, int);
	int XSync(Display*, bool);

	struct XPoint {
		short x;
		short y;
	}

	int XDrawLines(Display*, Drawable, GC, XPoint*, int, CoordMode);
	int XFillPolygon(Display*, Drawable, GC, XPoint*, int, PolygonShape, CoordMode);

	enum CoordMode:int {
		CoordModeOrigin = 0,
		CoordModePrevious = 1
	}

	enum PolygonShape:int {
		Complex = 0,
		Nonconvex = 1,
		Convex = 2
	}

	struct XTextProperty {
		const(char)* value;		/* same as Property routines */
		Atom encoding;			/* prop type */
		int format;				/* prop data format: 8, 16, or 32 */
		arch_ulong nitems;		/* number of data items in value */
	}

	version( X86_64 ) {
		static assert(XTextProperty.sizeof == 32);
	}


	struct XGCValues { 
		int function_;           /* logical operation */ 
		arch_ulong plane_mask;/* plane mask */ 
		arch_ulong foreground;/* foreground pixel */ 
		arch_ulong background;/* background pixel */ 
		int line_width;         /* line width */ 
		int line_style;         /* LineSolid, LineOnOffDash, LineDoubleDash */ 
		int cap_style;          /* CapNotLast, CapButt, 
					   CapRound, CapProjecting */ 
		int join_style;         /* JoinMiter, JoinRound, JoinBevel */ 
		int fill_style;         /* FillSolid, FillTiled, 
					   FillStippled, FillOpaeueStippled */ 
		int fill_rule;          /* EvenOddRule, WindingRule */ 
		int arc_mode;           /* ArcChord, ArcPieSlice */ 
		Pixmap tile;            /* tile pixmap for tiling operations */ 
		Pixmap stipple;         /* stipple 1 plane pixmap for stipping */ 
		int ts_x_origin;        /* offset for tile or stipple operations */ 
		int ts_y_origin; 
		Font font;              /* default text font for text operations */ 
		int subwindow_mode;     /* ClipByChildren, IncludeInferiors */ 
		Bool graphics_exposures;/* boolean, should exposures be generated */ 
		int clip_x_origin;      /* origin for clipping */ 
		int clip_y_origin; 
		Pixmap clip_mask;       /* bitmap clipping; other calls for rects */ 
		int dash_offset;        /* patterned/dashed line information */ 
		char dashes; 
	}

	struct XColor {
		arch_ulong pixel;
		ushort red, green, blue;
		byte flags;
		byte pad;
	}
	Status XAllocColor(Display*, Colormap, XColor*);

	int XWithdrawWindow(Display*, Window, int);
	int XUnmapWindow(Display*, Window);
	int XLowerWindow(Display*, Window);
	int XRaiseWindow(Display*, Window);

	int XGetInputFocus(Display*, Window*, int*);
	int XSetInputFocus(Display*, Window, int, Time);
	alias XErrorHandler = int function(Display*, XErrorEvent*);
	XErrorHandler XSetErrorHandler(XErrorHandler);

  /* WARNING, this type not in Xlib spec */
  extern(C) alias XIOErrorHandler = int function (Display* display);
  XIOErrorHandler XSetIOErrorHandler (XIOErrorHandler handler);

  Bool XkbSetDetectableAutoRepeat(Display* dpy, Bool detectable, Bool* supported);

	int XCopyPlane(Display*, Drawable, Drawable, GC, int, int, uint, uint, int, int, arch_ulong);

	Status XGetGeometry(Display*, Drawable, Window*, int*, int*, uint*, uint*, uint*, uint*);
	int XSetClipMask(Display*, GC, Pixmap);
	int XSetClipOrigin(Display*, GC, int, int);

	void XSetClipRectangles(Display*, GC, int, int, XRectangle*, int, int);

	struct XRectangle {
		short x;
		short y;
		ushort width;
		ushort height;
	}

	void XSetWMName(Display*, Window, XTextProperty*);

	enum ClipByChildren = 0;
	enum IncludeInferiors = 1;

	enum Atom XA_STRING = 31;
	enum Atom XA_CARDINAL = 6;
	enum Atom XA_WM_NAME = 39;
	enum Atom XA_ATOM = 4;
	enum Atom XA_WINDOW = 33;
	enum Atom XA_WM_HINTS = 35;
	enum int PropModeAppend = 2;
	enum int PropModeReplace = 0;
	enum int PropModePrepend = 1;

	enum int CopyFromParent = 0;
	enum int InputOutput = 1;

	// XWMHints
	enum InputHint = 1 << 0;
	enum StateHint = 1 << 1;
	enum IconPixmapHint = (1L << 2);
	enum IconWindowHint = (1L << 3);
	enum IconPositionHint = (1L << 4);
	enum IconMaskHint = (1L << 5);
	enum WindowGroupHint = (1L << 6);
	enum AllHints = (InputHint|StateHint|IconPixmapHint|IconWindowHint|IconPositionHint|IconMaskHint|WindowGroupHint);
	enum XUrgencyHint = (1L << 8);

	// GC Components
	enum GCFunction           =   (1L<<0);
	enum GCPlaneMask         =    (1L<<1);
	enum GCForeground       =     (1L<<2);
	enum GCBackground      =      (1L<<3);
	enum GCLineWidth      =       (1L<<4);
	enum GCLineStyle     =        (1L<<5);
	enum GCCapStyle     =         (1L<<6);
	enum GCJoinStyle   =          (1L<<7);
	enum GCFillStyle  =           (1L<<8);
	enum GCFillRule  =            (1L<<9);
	enum GCTile     =             (1L<<10);
	enum GCStipple           =    (1L<<11);
	enum GCTileStipXOrigin  =     (1L<<12);
	enum GCTileStipYOrigin =      (1L<<13);
	enum GCFont               =   (1L<<14);
	enum GCSubwindowMode     =    (1L<<15);
	enum GCGraphicsExposures=     (1L<<16);
	enum GCClipXOrigin     =      (1L<<17);
	enum GCClipYOrigin    =       (1L<<18);
	enum GCClipMask      =        (1L<<19);
	enum GCDashOffset   =         (1L<<20);
	enum GCDashList    =          (1L<<21);
	enum GCArcMode    =           (1L<<22);
	enum GCLastBit   =            22;


	enum int WithdrawnState = 0;
	enum int NormalState = 1;
	enum int IconicState = 3;

}
} else version (OSXCocoa) {
private:
    alias void* id;
    alias void* Class;
    alias void* SEL;
    alias void* IMP;
    alias void* Ivar;
    alias byte BOOL;
    alias const(void)* CFStringRef;
    alias const(void)* CFAllocatorRef;
    alias const(void)* CFTypeRef;
    alias const(void)* CGContextRef;
    alias const(void)* CGColorSpaceRef;
    alias const(void)* CGImageRef;
    alias uint CGBitmapInfo;
    
    struct objc_super {
        id self;
        Class superclass;
    }
    
    struct CFRange {
        int location, length;
    }

    struct NSPoint {
        float x, y;
        
        static fromTuple(T)(T tupl) {
            return NSPoint(tupl.tupleof);
        }
    }
    struct NSSize {
        float width, height;
    }
    struct NSRect {
        NSPoint origin;
        NSSize size;
    }
    alias NSPoint CGPoint;
    alias NSSize CGSize;
    alias NSRect CGRect;

    struct CGAffineTransform {
        float a, b, c, d, tx, ty;
    }

    enum NSApplicationActivationPolicyRegular = 0;
    enum NSBackingStoreBuffered = 2;
    enum kCFStringEncodingUTF8 = 0x08000100;

    enum : size_t {
        NSBorderlessWindowMask = 0,
        NSTitledWindowMask = 1 << 0,
        NSClosableWindowMask = 1 << 1,
        NSMiniaturizableWindowMask = 1 << 2,
        NSResizableWindowMask = 1 << 3,
        NSTexturedBackgroundWindowMask = 1 << 8
    }
    
    enum : uint {
        kCGImageAlphaNone,
        kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast,
        kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst,
        kCGImageAlphaLast,
        kCGImageAlphaFirst,
        kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipLast,
        kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipFirst
    }
    enum : uint {
        kCGBitmapAlphaInfoMask = 0x1F,
        kCGBitmapFloatComponents = (1 << 8),
        kCGBitmapByteOrderMask = 0x7000,
        kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault = (0 << 12),
        kCGBitmapByteOrder16Little = (1 << 12),
        kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little = (2 << 12),
        kCGBitmapByteOrder16Big = (3 << 12),
        kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big = (4 << 12)
    }
    enum CGPathDrawingMode {
        kCGPathFill,
        kCGPathEOFill,
        kCGPathStroke,
        kCGPathFillStroke,
        kCGPathEOFillStroke
    }
    enum objc_AssociationPolicy : size_t {
        OBJC_ASSOCIATION_ASSIGN = 0,
        OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC = 1,
        OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC = 3,
        OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN = 0x301, //01401,
        OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY = 0x303 //01403
    }

    extern(C) {
        id objc_msgSend(id receiver, SEL selector, ...);
        id objc_msgSendSuper(objc_super* superStruct, SEL selector, ...);
        id objc_getClass(const(char)* name);
        SEL sel_registerName(const(char)* str);
        Class objc_allocateClassPair(Class superclass, const(char)* name,
                                     size_t extra_bytes);
        void objc_registerClassPair(Class cls);
        BOOL class_addMethod(Class cls, SEL name, IMP imp, const(char)* types);
        id objc_getAssociatedObject(id object, void* key);
        void objc_setAssociatedObject(id object, void* key, id value,
                                      objc_AssociationPolicy policy);
        Ivar class_getInstanceVariable(Class cls, const(char)* name);
        id object_getIvar(id object, Ivar ivar);
        void object_setIvar(id object, Ivar ivar, id value);
        BOOL class_addIvar(Class cls, const(char)* name,
                           size_t size, ubyte alignment, const(char)* types);

        extern __gshared id NSApp;
            
        void CFRelease(CFTypeRef obj);
            
        CFStringRef CFStringCreateWithBytes(CFAllocatorRef allocator,
                                            const(char)* bytes, int numBytes,
                                            int encoding,
                                            BOOL isExternalRepresentation);
        int CFStringGetBytes(CFStringRef theString, CFRange range, int encoding,
                             char lossByte, bool isExternalRepresentation,
                             char* buffer, int maxBufLen, int* usedBufLen);
        int CFStringGetLength(CFStringRef theString);
        
        CGContextRef CGBitmapContextCreate(void* data,
                                           size_t width, size_t height,
                                           size_t bitsPerComponent,
                                           size_t bytesPerRow,
                                           CGColorSpaceRef colorspace,
                                           CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo);
        void CGContextRelease(CGContextRef c);
        ubyte* CGBitmapContextGetData(CGContextRef c);
        CGImageRef CGBitmapContextCreateImage(CGContextRef c);
        size_t CGBitmapContextGetWidth(CGContextRef c);
        size_t CGBitmapContextGetHeight(CGContextRef c);
                
        CGColorSpaceRef CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
        void CGColorSpaceRelease(CGColorSpaceRef cs);
        
        void CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(CGContextRef c,
                                        float red, float green, float blue,
                                        float alpha);
        void CGContextSetRGBFillColor(CGContextRef c,
                                      float red, float green, float blue,
                                      float alpha);
        void CGContextDrawImage(CGContextRef c, CGRect rect, CGImageRef image);
        void CGContextShowTextAtPoint(CGContextRef c, float x, float y,
                                      const(char)* str, size_t length);
        void CGContextStrokeLineSegments(CGContextRef c,
                                         const(CGPoint)* points, size_t count);
        
        void CGContextBeginPath(CGContextRef c);
        void CGContextDrawPath(CGContextRef c, CGPathDrawingMode mode);
        void CGContextAddEllipseInRect(CGContextRef c, CGRect rect);
        void CGContextAddArc(CGContextRef c, float x, float y, float radius,
                             float startAngle, float endAngle, int clockwise);
        void CGContextAddRect(CGContextRef c, CGRect rect);
        void CGContextAddLines(CGContextRef c,
                               const(CGPoint)* points, size_t count);
        void CGContextSaveGState(CGContextRef c);
        void CGContextRestoreGState(CGContextRef c);
        void CGContextSelectFont(CGContextRef c, const(char)* name, float size,
                                 uint textEncoding);
        CGAffineTransform CGContextGetTextMatrix(CGContextRef c);
        void CGContextSetTextMatrix(CGContextRef c, CGAffineTransform t);
        
        void CGImageRelease(CGImageRef image);
    }
    
private:
    // A convenient method to create a CFString (=NSString) from a D string.
    CFStringRef createCFString(string str) {
        return CFStringCreateWithBytes(null, str.ptr, str.length,
                                             kCFStringEncodingUTF8, false);
    }
    
    // Objective-C calls.
    RetType objc_msgSend_specialized(string selector, RetType, T...)(id self, T args) {
        auto _cmd = sel_registerName(selector.ptr);
        alias extern(C) RetType function(id, SEL, T) ExpectedType;
        return (cast(ExpectedType)&objc_msgSend)(self, _cmd, args);
    }
    RetType objc_msgSend_classMethod(string selector, RetType, T...)(const(char)* className, T args) {
        auto _cmd = sel_registerName(selector.ptr);
        auto cls = objc_getClass(className);
        alias extern(C) RetType function(id, SEL, T) ExpectedType;
        return (cast(ExpectedType)&objc_msgSend)(cls, _cmd, args);
    }
    RetType objc_msgSend_classMethod(string className, string selector, RetType, T...)(T args) {
        return objc_msgSend_classMethod!(selector, RetType, T)(className.ptr, args);
    }
    
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setNeedsDisplay:", void, BOOL) setNeedsDisplay;
    alias objc_msgSend_classMethod!("alloc", id) alloc;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("initWithContentRect:styleMask:backing:defer:",
                                    id, NSRect, size_t, size_t, BOOL) initWithContentRect;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setTitle:", void, CFStringRef) setTitle;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("center", void) center;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("initWithFrame:", id, NSRect) initWithFrame;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setContentView:", void, id) setContentView;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("release", void) release;
    alias objc_msgSend_classMethod!("NSColor", "whiteColor", id) whiteNSColor;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setBackgroundColor:", void, id) setBackgroundColor;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("makeKeyAndOrderFront:", void, id) makeKeyAndOrderFront;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("invalidate", void) invalidate;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("close", void) close;
    alias objc_msgSend_classMethod!("NSTimer", "scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:target:selector:userInfo:repeats:",
                                    id, double, id, SEL, id, BOOL) scheduledTimer;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("run", void) run;
    alias objc_msgSend_classMethod!("NSGraphicsContext", "currentContext",
                                    id) currentNSGraphicsContext;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("graphicsPort", CGContextRef) graphicsPort;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("characters", CFStringRef) characters;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("superclass", Class) superclass;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("init", id) init;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("addItem:", void, id) addItem;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setMainMenu:", void, id) setMainMenu;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("initWithTitle:action:keyEquivalent:",
                                    id, CFStringRef, SEL, CFStringRef) initWithTitle;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setSubmenu:", void, id) setSubmenu;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setDelegate:", void, id) setDelegate;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("activateIgnoringOtherApps:",
                                    void, BOOL) activateIgnoringOtherApps;
    alias objc_msgSend_classMethod!("NSApplication", "sharedApplication",
                                    id) sharedNSApplication;
    alias objc_msgSend_specialized!("setActivationPolicy:", void, ptrdiff_t) setActivationPolicy;
} else version(html5) {} else static assert(0, "Unsupported operating system");


version(OSXCocoa) {
	// I don't know anything about the Mac, but a couple years ago, KennyTM on the newsgroup wrote this for me
	//
	// http://forum.dlang.org/thread/innr0v$1deh$1@digitalmars.com?page=4#post-int88l:24uaf:241:40digitalmars.com
	// https://github.com/kennytm/simpledisplay.d/blob/osx/simpledisplay.d
	//
	// and it is about time I merged it in here. It is available with -version=OSXCocoa until someone tests it for me!
	// Probably won't even fully compile right now

    import std.math : PI;
    import std.algorithm : map;
    import std.array : array;
    
    alias SimpleWindow NativeWindowHandle;
    alias void delegate(id) NativeEventHandler;

    static Ivar simpleWindowIvar;
    
    enum KEY_ESCAPE = 27;

    mixin template NativeImageImplementation() {
        CGContextRef context;
        ubyte* rawData;
    final:

	void convertToRgbaBytes(ubyte[] where) {
		assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

		// if rawData had a length....
		//assert(rawData.length == where.length);
		for(int idx = 0; idx < where.length; idx += 4) {
			auto alpha = rawData[idx + 3];
			if(alpha == 255) {
				where[idx + 0] = rawData[idx + 0]; // r
				where[idx + 1] = rawData[idx + 1]; // g
				where[idx + 2] = rawData[idx + 2]; // b
				where[idx + 3] = rawData[idx + 3]; // a
			} else {
				where[idx + 0] = cast(ubyte)(rawData[idx + 0] * 255 / alpha); // r
				where[idx + 1] = cast(ubyte)(rawData[idx + 1] * 255 / alpha); // g
				where[idx + 2] = cast(ubyte)(rawData[idx + 2] * 255 / alpha); // b
				where[idx + 3] = rawData[idx + 3]; // a

			}
		}
	}

	void setFromRgbaBytes(in ubyte[] where) {
		// FIXME: this is probably wrong
		assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

		// if rawData had a length....
		//assert(rawData.length == where.length);
		for(int idx = 0; idx < where.length; idx += 4) {
			auto alpha = rawData[idx + 3];
			if(alpha == 255) {
				rawData[idx + 0] = where[idx + 0]; // r
				rawData[idx + 1] = where[idx + 1]; // g
				rawData[idx + 2] = where[idx + 2]; // b
				rawData[idx + 3] = where[idx + 3]; // a
			} else {
				rawData[idx + 0] = cast(ubyte)(where[idx + 0] * 255 / alpha); // r
				rawData[idx + 1] = cast(ubyte)(where[idx + 1] * 255 / alpha); // g
				rawData[idx + 2] = cast(ubyte)(where[idx + 2] * 255 / alpha); // b
				rawData[idx + 3] = where[idx + 3]; // a

			}
		}
	}

        
        void createImage(int width, int height) {
            auto colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
            context = CGBitmapContextCreate(null, width, height, 8, 4*width,
                                            colorSpace,
                                            kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast
                                                   |kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
            CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
            rawData = CGBitmapContextGetData(context);
        }
        void dispose() {
            CGContextRelease(context);
        }
        
        void setPixel(int x, int y, Color c) {
            auto offset = (y * width + x) * 4;
            if (c.a == 255) {
                rawData[offset + 0] = c.r;
                rawData[offset + 1] = c.g;
                rawData[offset + 2] = c.b;
                rawData[offset + 3] = c.a;
            } else {
                rawData[offset + 0] = cast(ubyte)(c.r*c.a/255);
                rawData[offset + 1] = cast(ubyte)(c.g*c.a/255);
                rawData[offset + 2] = cast(ubyte)(c.b*c.a/255);
                rawData[offset + 3] = c.a;
            }
        }
    }
    
    mixin template NativeScreenPainterImplementation() {
        CGContextRef context;
        ubyte[4] _outlineComponents;
        
        void create(NativeWindowHandle window) {
            context = window.drawingContext;
        }
        
        void dispose() {
        }
        
        @property void outlineColor(Color color) {
            float alphaComponent = color.a/255.0f;
            CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context,
                                       color.r/255.0f, color.g/255.0f, color.b/255.0f, alphaComponent);

            if (color.a != 255) {
                _outlineComponents[0] = cast(ubyte)(color.r*color.a/255);
                _outlineComponents[1] = cast(ubyte)(color.g*color.a/255);
                _outlineComponents[2] = cast(ubyte)(color.b*color.a/255);
                _outlineComponents[3] = color.a;
            } else {
                _outlineComponents[0] = color.r;
                _outlineComponents[1] = color.g;
                _outlineComponents[2] = color.b;
                _outlineComponents[3] = color.a;
            }
        }
        
        @property void fillColor(Color color) {
            CGContextSetRGBFillColor(context,
                                     color.r/255.0f, color.g/255.0f, color.b/255.0f, color.a/255.0f);
        }
        
        void drawImage(int x, int y, Image image) {
            auto cgImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(image.context);
            auto size = CGSize(CGBitmapContextGetWidth(image.context),
                               CGBitmapContextGetHeight(image.context));
            CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRect(CGPoint(x, y), size), cgImage);
            CGImageRelease(cgImage);
        }
 
        void drawPixmap(Sprite image, int x, int y) {
		// FIXME: is this efficient?
            auto cgImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(image.context);
            auto size = CGSize(CGBitmapContextGetWidth(image.context),
                               CGBitmapContextGetHeight(image.context));
            CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRect(CGPoint(x, y), size), cgImage);
            CGImageRelease(cgImage);
        }

        
        void drawText(int x, int y, int x2, int y2, string text, uint alignment) {
		// FIXME: alignment
            if (_outlineComponents[3] != 0) {
                CGContextSaveGState(context);
                auto invAlpha = 1.0f/_outlineComponents[3];
                CGContextSetRGBFillColor(context, _outlineComponents[0]*invAlpha,
                                                  _outlineComponents[1]*invAlpha,
                                                  _outlineComponents[2]*invAlpha,
                                                  _outlineComponents[3]/255.0f);
                CGContextShowTextAtPoint(context, x, y, text.ptr, text.length);
// auto cfstr = cast(id)createCFString(text);
// objc_msgSend(cfstr, sel_registerName("drawAtPoint:withAttributes:"),
// NSPoint(x, y), null);
// CFRelease(cfstr);
                CGContextRestoreGState(context);
            }
        }

        void drawPixel(int x, int y) {
            auto rawData = CGBitmapContextGetData(context);
            auto width = CGBitmapContextGetWidth(context);
            auto height = CGBitmapContextGetHeight(context);
            auto offset = ((height - y - 1) * width + x) * 4;
            rawData[offset .. offset+4] = _outlineComponents;
        }
        
        void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
            CGPoint[2] linePoints;
            linePoints[0] = CGPoint(x1, y1);
            linePoints[1] = CGPoint(x2, y2);
            CGContextStrokeLineSegments(context, linePoints.ptr, linePoints.length);
        }

        void drawRectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
            CGContextBeginPath(context);
            auto rect = CGRect(CGPoint(x, y), CGSize(width, height));
            CGContextAddRect(context, rect);
            CGContextDrawPath(context, CGPathDrawingMode.kCGPathFillStroke);
        }
        
        void drawEllipse(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
            CGContextBeginPath(context);
            auto rect = CGRect(CGPoint(x1, y1), CGSize(x2-x1, y2-y1));
            CGContextAddEllipseInRect(context, rect);
            CGContextDrawPath(context, CGPathDrawingMode.kCGPathFillStroke);
        }
        
        void drawArc(int x1, int y1, int width, int height, int start, int finish) {
            // @@@BUG@@@ Does not support elliptic arc (width != height).
            CGContextBeginPath(context);
            CGContextAddArc(context, x1+width*0.5f, y1+height*0.5f, width,
                            start*PI/(180*64), finish*PI/(180*64), 0);
            CGContextDrawPath(context, CGPathDrawingMode.kCGPathFillStroke);
        }
        
        void drawPolygon(Point[] intPoints) {
            CGContextBeginPath(context);
            auto points = array(map!(CGPoint.fromTuple)(intPoints));
            CGContextAddLines(context, points.ptr, points.length);
            CGContextDrawPath(context, CGPathDrawingMode.kCGPathFillStroke);
        }
    }
    
    mixin template NativeSimpleWindowImplementation() {
        void createWindow(int width, int height, string title) {
            synchronized {
                if (NSApp == null) initializeApp();
            }
            
            auto contentRect = NSRect(NSPoint(0, 0), NSSize(width, height));
            
            // create the window.
            window = initWithContentRect(alloc("NSWindow"),
                                         contentRect,
                                         NSTitledWindowMask
                                            |NSClosableWindowMask
                                            |NSMiniaturizableWindowMask
                                            |NSResizableWindowMask,
                                         NSBackingStoreBuffered,
                                         true);

            // set the title & move the window to center.
            auto windowTitle = createCFString(title);
            setTitle(window, windowTitle);
            CFRelease(windowTitle);
            center(window);
            
            // create area to draw on.
            auto colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
            drawingContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(null, width, height,
                                                   8, 4*width, colorSpace,
                                                   kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast
                                                      |kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
            CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
            CGContextSelectFont(drawingContext, "Lucida Grande", 12.0f, 1);
            auto matrix = CGContextGetTextMatrix(drawingContext);
            matrix.c = -matrix.c;
            matrix.d = -matrix.d;
            CGContextSetTextMatrix(drawingContext, matrix);
            
            // create the subview that things will be drawn on.
            view = initWithFrame(alloc("SDGraphicsView"), contentRect);
            setContentView(window, view);
            object_setIvar(view, simpleWindowIvar, cast(id)this);
            release(view);

            setBackgroundColor(window, whiteNSColor);
            makeKeyAndOrderFront(window, null);
        }
        void dispose() {
            closeWindow();
            release(window);
        }
        void closeWindow() {
            invalidate(timer);
            .close(window);
        }
        
        ScreenPainter getPainter() {
		return ScreenPainter(this, this);
	}
        
        int eventLoop(long pulseTimeout) {
            if (handlePulse !is null && pulseTimeout != 0) {
                timer = scheduledTimer(pulseTimeout*1e-3,
                                       view, sel_registerName("simpledisplay_pulse"),
                                       null, true);
            }
            
            setNeedsDisplay(view, true);
            run(NSApp);
            return 0;
        }
        
        id window;
        id timer;
        id view;
        CGContextRef drawingContext;
    }
    
    extern(C) {
    private:
        BOOL returnTrue3(id self, SEL _cmd, id app) {
            return true;
        }
        BOOL returnTrue2(id self, SEL _cmd) {
            return true;
        }
        
        void pulse(id self, SEL _cmd) {
            auto simpleWindow = cast(SimpleWindow)object_getIvar(self, simpleWindowIvar);
            simpleWindow.handlePulse();
            setNeedsDisplay(self, true);
        }
        void drawRect(id self, SEL _cmd, NSRect rect) {
            auto simpleWindow = cast(SimpleWindow)object_getIvar(self, simpleWindowIvar);
            auto curCtx = graphicsPort(currentNSGraphicsContext);
            auto cgImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(simpleWindow.drawingContext);
            auto size = CGSize(CGBitmapContextGetWidth(simpleWindow.drawingContext),
                               CGBitmapContextGetHeight(simpleWindow.drawingContext));
            CGContextDrawImage(curCtx, CGRect(CGPoint(0, 0), size), cgImage);
            CGImageRelease(cgImage);
        }
        void keyDown(id self, SEL _cmd, id event) {
            auto simpleWindow = cast(SimpleWindow)object_getIvar(self, simpleWindowIvar);

            // the event may have multiple characters, and we send them all at
            // once.
            if (simpleWindow.handleCharEvent || simpleWindow.handleKeyEvent) {
                auto chars = characters(event);
                auto range = CFRange(0, CFStringGetLength(chars));
                auto buffer = new char[range.length*3];
                int actualLength;
                CFStringGetBytes(chars, range, kCFStringEncodingUTF8, 0, false,
                                 buffer.ptr, buffer.length, &actualLength);
                foreach (dchar dc; buffer[0..actualLength]) {
                    if (simpleWindow.handleCharEvent)
                        simpleWindow.handleCharEvent(dc);
                    if (simpleWindow.handleKeyEvent)
                        simpleWindow.handleKeyEvent(dc, true); // FIXME: what about keyUp?
                }
            }
            
            // the event's 'keyCode' is hardware-dependent. I don't think people
            // will like it. Let's leave it to the native handler.
            
            // perform the default action.
            auto superData = objc_super(self, superclass(self));
            alias extern(C) void function(objc_super*, SEL, id) T;
            (cast(T)&objc_msgSendSuper)(&superData, _cmd, event);
        }
    }
    
    // initialize the app so that it can be interacted with the user.
    // based on http://cocoawithlove.com/2010/09/minimalist-cocoa-programming.html
    private void initializeApp() {
        // push an autorelease pool to avoid leaking.
        init(alloc("NSAutoreleasePool"));
        
        // create a new NSApp instance
        sharedNSApplication;
        setActivationPolicy(NSApp, NSApplicationActivationPolicyRegular);
        
        // create the "Quit" menu.
        auto menuBar = init(alloc("NSMenu"));
        auto appMenuItem = init(alloc("NSMenuItem"));
        addItem(menuBar, appMenuItem);
        setMainMenu(NSApp, menuBar);
        release(appMenuItem);
        release(menuBar);
        
        auto appMenu = init(alloc("NSMenu"));
        auto quitTitle = createCFString("Quit");
        auto q = createCFString("q");
        auto quitItem = initWithTitle(alloc("NSMenuItem"),
                                      quitTitle, sel_registerName("terminate:"), q);
        addItem(appMenu, quitItem);
        setSubmenu(appMenuItem, appMenu);
        release(quitItem);
        release(appMenu);
        CFRelease(q);
        CFRelease(quitTitle);

        // assign a delegate for the application, allow it to quit when the last
        // window is closed.
        auto delegateClass = objc_allocateClassPair(objc_getClass("NSObject"),
                                                    "SDWindowCloseDelegate", 0);
        class_addMethod(delegateClass,
                        sel_registerName("applicationShouldTerminateAfterLastWindowClosed:"),
                        &returnTrue3, "c@:@");
        objc_registerClassPair(delegateClass);
    
        auto appDelegate = init(alloc("SDWindowCloseDelegate"));
        setDelegate(NSApp, appDelegate);
        activateIgnoringOtherApps(NSApp, true);

        // create a new view that draws the graphics and respond to keyDown
        // events.
        auto viewClass = objc_allocateClassPair(objc_getClass("NSView"),
                                                "SDGraphicsView", (void*).sizeof);
        class_addIvar(viewClass, "simpledisplay_simpleWindow",
                      (void*).sizeof, (void*).alignof, "^v");
        class_addMethod(viewClass, sel_registerName("simpledisplay_pulse"),
                        &pulse, "v@:");
        class_addMethod(viewClass, sel_registerName("drawRect:"),
                        &drawRect, "v@:{NSRect={NSPoint=ff}{NSSize=ff}}");
        class_addMethod(viewClass, sel_registerName("isFlipped"),
                        &returnTrue2, "c@:");
        class_addMethod(viewClass, sel_registerName("acceptsFirstResponder"),
                        &returnTrue2, "c@:");
        class_addMethod(viewClass, sel_registerName("keyDown:"),
                        &keyDown, "v@:@");
        objc_registerClassPair(viewClass);
        simpleWindowIvar = class_getInstanceVariable(viewClass,
                                                     "simpledisplay_simpleWindow");
    }
}

version(html5) {
	import arsd.cgi;

	alias int NativeWindowHandle;
	alias void delegate() NativeEventHandler;

	mixin template NativeImageImplementation() {
		static import arsd.image;
		arsd.image.TrueColorImage handle;

		void createImage(int width, int height) {
			handle = new arsd.image.TrueColorImage(width, height);
		}

		void dispose() {
			handle = null;
		}

		void setPixel(int x, int y, Color c) {
			auto offset = (y * width + x) * 4;
			handle.data[offset + 0] = c.b;
			handle.data[offset + 1] = c.g;
			handle.data[offset + 2] = c.r;
			handle.data[offset + 3] = c.a;
		}

		void convertToRgbaBytes(ubyte[] where) {
			if(where is handle.data)
				return;
			assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			where[] = handle.data[];
		}

		void setFromRgbaBytes(in ubyte[] where) {
			if(where is handle.data)
				return;
			assert(where.length == this.width * this.height * 4);

			handle.data[] = where[];
		}

	}

	mixin template NativeScreenPainterImplementation() {
		void create(NativeWindowHandle window) {
		}

		void dispose() {
		}
		@property void outlineColor(Color c) {
		}

		@property void fillColor(Color c) {
		}

		void drawImage(int x, int y, Image i) {
		}

		void drawPixmap(Sprite s, int x, int y) {
		}

		void drawText(int x, int y, int x2, int y2, string text, uint alignment) {
		}

		void drawPixel(int x, int y) {
		}

		void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
		}

		void drawRectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height) {
		}

		/// Arguments are the points of the bounding rectangle
		void drawEllipse(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
		}

		void drawArc(int x1, int y1, int width, int height, int start, int finish) {
			// FIXME: start X, start Y, end X, end Y
			//Arc(hdc, x1, y1, x1 + width, y1 + height, 0, 0, 0, 0);
		}

		void drawPolygon(Point[] vertexes) {
		}

	}

	/// on html5 mode you MUST set this socket up
	WebSocket socket;

	mixin template NativeSimpleWindowImplementation() {
		ScreenPainter getPainter() {
			return ScreenPainter(this, 0);
		}

		void createWindow(int width, int height, string title) {
			Html5.createCanvas(width, height);
		}

		void closeWindow() { /* no need, can just leave it on the page */ }

		void dispose() { }

		bool destroyed = false;

		int eventLoop(long pulseTimeout) {
			bool done = false;
			import core.thread;

			while (!done) {
			while(!done &&
				(pulseTimeout == 0 || socket.recvAvailable()))
			{
			}
				if(!done && pulseTimeout !=0) {
					if(handlePulse !is null)
						handlePulse();
					Thread.sleep(dur!"msecs"(pulseTimeout));
				}
			}

			return 0;
		}
	}

	struct JsImpl { string code; }

	struct Html5 {
		@JsImpl(q{

		})
		static void createImage(int handle, Image i) {

		}

		static void freeImage(int handle) {

		}

		static void createCanvas(int width, int height) {

		}
	}
}


version(without_opengl) {} else
extern(System) nothrow @nogc {
  version(X11) {
		struct __GLXFBConfigRec {}
		alias GLXFBConfig = __GLXFBConfigRec*;

		enum GLX_X_RENDERABLE = 0x8012;
		enum GLX_DRAWABLE_TYPE = 0x8010;
		enum GLX_RENDER_TYPE = 0x8011;
		enum GLX_X_VISUAL_TYPE = 0x22;
		enum GLX_TRUE_COLOR = 0x8002;
		enum GLX_WINDOW_BIT = 0x00000001;
		enum GLX_RGBA_BIT = 0x00000001;
		enum GLX_COLOR_INDEX_BIT = 0x00000002;
		enum GLX_SAMPLE_BUFFERS = 0x186a0;
		enum GLX_SAMPLES = 0x186a1;
		enum GLX_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_ARB = 0x2091;
		enum GLX_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_ARB = 0x2092;

		GLXFBConfig* glXChooseFBConfig (Display*, int, int*, int*);
		int glXGetFBConfigAttrib (Display*, GLXFBConfig, int, int*);
		XVisualInfo* glXGetVisualFromFBConfig (Display*, GLXFBConfig);

		char* glXQueryExtensionsString (Display*, int);
		void* glXGetProcAddress (const(char)*);

		alias glGetProcAddress = glXGetProcAddress;

		// GLX_EXT_swap_control
		alias glXSwapIntervalEXT = void function (Display* dpy, /*GLXDrawable*/Drawable drawable, int interval);
		private __gshared glXSwapIntervalEXT _glx_swapInterval_fn = null;

		alias glXCreateContextAttribsARB_fna = GLXContext function (Display *dpy, GLXFBConfig config, GLXContext share_context, /*Bool*/int direct, const(int)* attrib_list);
		__gshared glXCreateContextAttribsARB_fna glXCreateContextAttribsARB = null; // this made public so we don't have to get it again and again; it will become valid after window creation
		
		void glxInitOtherFunctions () {
			if (glXCreateContextAttribsARB is null) {
				glXCreateContextAttribsARB = cast(glXCreateContextAttribsARB_fna)glGetProcAddress("glXCreateContextAttribsARB");
			}
		}

		void glxSetVSync (Display* dpy, /*GLXDrawable*/Drawable drawable, bool wait) {
		  if (cast(void*)_glx_swapInterval_fn is cast(void*)1) return;
		  if (_glx_swapInterval_fn is null) {
		    _glx_swapInterval_fn = cast(glXSwapIntervalEXT)glXGetProcAddress("glXSwapIntervalEXT");
		    if (_glx_swapInterval_fn is null) {
		      _glx_swapInterval_fn = cast(glXSwapIntervalEXT)1;
		      return;
		    }
		    version(sdddd) { import std.stdio; writeln("glXSwapIntervalEXT found!"); }
		  }
		  _glx_swapInterval_fn(dpy, drawable, (wait ? 1 : 0));
		}
	}

	void glGetIntegerv(int, void*);
	void glMatrixMode(int);
	void glPushMatrix();
	void glLoadIdentity();
	void glOrtho(double, double, double, double, double, double);
	void glFrustum(double, double, double, double, double, double);

	void gluLookAt(double, double, double, double, double, double, double, double, double);
	void gluPerspective(double, double, double, double);

	void glPopMatrix();
	void glEnable(int);
	void glDisable(int);
	void glClear(int);
	void glBegin(int);
	void glVertex2f(float, float);
	void glVertex3f(float, float, float);
	void glEnd();
	void glColor3b(byte, byte, byte);
	void glColor3ub(ubyte, ubyte, ubyte);
	void glColor4b(byte, byte, byte, byte);
	void glColor4ub(ubyte, ubyte, ubyte, ubyte);
	void glColor3i(int, int, int);
	void glColor3ui(uint, uint, uint);
	void glColor4i(int, int, int, int);
	void glColor4ui(uint, uint, uint, uint);
	void glColor3f(float, float, float);
	void glColor4f(float, float, float, float);
	void glTranslatef(float, float, float);
	void glScalef(float, float, float);

	void glDrawElements(int, int, int, void*);

	void glRotatef(float, float, float, float);

	uint glGetError();

	void glDeleteTextures(int, uint*);

	char* gluErrorString(uint);

	void glRasterPos2i(int, int);
	void glDrawPixels(int, int, uint, uint, void*);
	void glClearColor(float, float, float, float);



	void glGenTextures(uint, uint*);
	void glBindTexture(int, int);
	void glTexParameteri(uint, uint, int);
	void glTexParameterf(uint/*GLenum*/ target, uint/*GLenum*/ pname, float param);
	void glTexImage2D(int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, in void*);
	void glTexSubImage2D(uint/*GLenum*/ target, int level, int xoffset, int yoffset,
                       /*GLsizei*/int width, /*GLsizei*/int height,
                       uint/*GLenum*/ format, uint/*GLenum*/ type, in void* pixels);
	void glTextureSubImage2D(uint texture, int level, int xoffset, int yoffset,
                           /*GLsizei*/int width, /*GLsizei*/int height,
                           uint/*GLenum*/ format, uint/*GLenum*/ type, in void* pixels);
	void glTexEnvf(uint/*GLenum*/ target, uint/*GLenum*/ pname, float param);


	void glTexCoord2f(float, float);
	void glVertex2i(int, int);
	void glBlendFunc (int, int);
	void glDepthFunc (int);
	void glViewport(int, int, int, int);

	void glClearDepth(double);

	void glReadBuffer(uint);
	void glReadPixels(int, int, int, int, int, int, void*);

	void glFlush();
	void glFinish();

	enum uint GL_FRONT = 0x0404;

	enum uint GL_BLEND = 0x0be2;
	enum uint GL_SRC_ALPHA = 0x0302;
	enum uint GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA = 0x0303;
	enum uint GL_LEQUAL = 0x0203;


	enum uint GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE = 0x1401;
	enum uint GL_RGB = 0x1907;
	enum uint GL_BGRA = 0x80e1;
	enum uint GL_RGBA = 0x1908;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_2D =   0x0DE1;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER = 0x2801;
	enum uint GL_NEAREST = 0x2600;
	enum uint GL_LINEAR = 0x2601;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER = 0x2800;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S = 0x2802;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T = 0x2803;
	enum uint GL_REPEAT = 0x2901;
	enum uint GL_CLAMP = 0x2900;
	enum uint GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE = 0x812F;
	enum uint GL_DECAL = 0x2101;
	enum uint GL_MODULATE = 0x2100;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_ENV = 0x2300;
	enum uint GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE = 0x2200;
	enum uint GL_REPLACE = 0x1E01;
	enum uint GL_LIGHTING = 0x0B50;
	enum uint GL_DITHER = 0x0BD0;

	enum uint GL_NO_ERROR = 0;



	enum int GL_VIEWPORT = 0x0BA2;
	enum int GL_MODELVIEW = 0x1700;
	enum int GL_TEXTURE = 0x1702;
	enum int GL_PROJECTION = 0x1701;
	enum int GL_DEPTH_TEST = 0x0B71;

	enum int GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT = 0x00004000;
	enum int GL_ACCUM_BUFFER_BIT = 0x00000200;
	enum int GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT = 0x00000100;

	enum int GL_POINTS = 0x0000;
	enum int GL_LINES =  0x0001;
	enum int GL_LINE_LOOP = 0x0002;
	enum int GL_LINE_STRIP = 0x0003;
	enum int GL_TRIANGLES = 0x0004;
	enum int GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP = 5;
	enum int GL_TRIANGLE_FAN = 6;
	enum int GL_QUADS = 7;
	enum int GL_QUAD_STRIP = 8;
	enum int GL_POLYGON = 9;
}

version(linux) {
	version(with_eventloop) {} else {
		private int epollFd = -1;
		void prepareEventLoop() {
			if(epollFd != -1)
				return; // already initialized, no need to do it again
			import ep = core.sys.linux.epoll;

			epollFd = ep.epoll_create1(ep.EPOLL_CLOEXEC);
			if(epollFd == -1)
				throw new Exception("epoll create failure");
		}
	}

}

version(X11) {
	__gshared bool sdx_isUTF8Locale;

	// This whole crap is used to initialize X11 locale, so that you can use XIM methods later.
	// Yes, there are people with non-utf locale (it's me, Ketmar!), but XIM (composing) will
	// not work right if app/X11 locale is not utf. This sux. That's why all that "utf detection"
	// anal magic is here. I (Ketmar) hope you like it.
	// We will use `sdx_isUTF8Locale` on XIM creation to enforce UTF-8 locale, so XCompose will
	// always return correct unicode symbols. The detection is here 'cause user can change locale
	// later.
	shared static this () {
		import core.stdc.locale : setlocale, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE;

		// this doesn't hurt; it may add some locking, but the speed is still
		// allows doing 60 FPS videogames; also, ignore the result, as most
		// users will probably won't do mulththreaded X11 anyway (and I (ketmar)
		// never seen this failing).
		if (XInitThreads() == 0) { import core.stdc.stdio; fprintf(stderr, "XInitThreads() failed!\n"); }

		setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
		// check if out locale is UTF-8
		auto lct = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, null);
		if (lct is null) {
			sdx_isUTF8Locale = false;
		} else {
			for (size_t idx = 0; lct[idx] && lct[idx+1] && lct[idx+2]; ++idx) {
				if ((lct[idx+0] == 'u' || lct[idx+0] == 'U') &&
						(lct[idx+1] == 't' || lct[idx+1] == 'T') &&
						(lct[idx+2] == 'f' || lct[idx+2] == 'F'))
				{
					sdx_isUTF8Locale = true;
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//{ import core.stdc.stdio : stderr, fprintf; fprintf(stderr, "UTF8: %s\n", sdx_isUTF8Locale ? "tan".ptr : "ona".ptr); }
	}
}


// Don't use this yet. When I'm happy with it, I will move it to the
// regular module namespace.
mixin template ExperimentalTextComponent() {

	alias Rectangle = arsd.color.Rectangle;

	// FIXME remove this
	import std.string : split;

	struct ForegroundColor {
		Color color;
		alias color this;

		this(Color c) {
			color = c;
		}

		this(int r, int g, int b, int a = 255) {
			color = Color(r, g, b, a);
		}

		static ForegroundColor opDispatch(string s)() if(__traits(compiles, ForegroundColor(mixin("Color." ~ s)))) {
			return ForegroundColor(mixin("Color." ~ s));
		}
	}

	struct BackgroundColor {
		Color color;
		alias color this;

		this(Color c) {
			color = c;
		}

		this(int r, int g, int b, int a = 255) {
			color = Color(r, g, b, a);
		}

		static BackgroundColor opDispatch(string s)() if(__traits(compiles, BackgroundColor(mixin("Color." ~ s)))) {
			return BackgroundColor(mixin("Color." ~ s));
		}
	}

	struct InlineElement {
		string text;

		Color color = Color.black;
		Color backgroundColor = Color.transparent;
		ushort styles;

		string font;
		int fontSize;

		int lineHeight;

		void* identifier;

		Rectangle boundingBox;
		int[] letterXs; // FIXME: maybe i should do bounding boxes for every character

		int xOfIndex(size_t index) {
			if(index < letterXs.length)
				return letterXs[index];
			else
				return boundingBox.right;
		}
	}

	// Block elements are used entirely for positioning inline elements,
	// which are the things that are actually drawn.
	class BlockElement {
		InlineElement[] parts;
		uint alignment;

		int whiteSpace; // pre, pre-wrap, wrap

		// inputs
		Point where;
		Size minimumSize;
		Size maximumSize;
		Rectangle[] excludedBoxes; // like if you want it to write around a floated image or something. Coordinates are relative to the bounding box.
		void* identifier;

		Rectangle margin;
		Rectangle padding;

		// outputs
		Rectangle[] boundingBoxes;
	}

	struct TextIdentifyResult {
		InlineElement* element;
		size_t offset;
	}

	class TextLayout {
		BlockElement[] blocks;
		Rectangle boundingBox;

		BlockElement[] getBlocks() {
			return blocks;
		}

		InlineElement[] getTexts() {
			InlineElement[] elements;
			foreach(block; blocks)
				elements ~= block.parts;
			return elements;
		}

		string getPlainText() {
			string text;
			foreach(block; blocks)
				foreach(part; block.parts)
					text ~= part.text;
			return text;
		}

		string getHtml() {
			return null; // FIXME
		}

		this(Rectangle boundingBox) {
			this.boundingBox = boundingBox;
		}

		BlockElement addBlock(Rectangle margin = Rectangle(0, 0, 0, 0), Rectangle padding = Rectangle(0, 0, 0, 0)) {
			auto be = new BlockElement();
			blocks ~= be;
			return be;
		}

		void clear() {
			blocks = null;
		}

		void addText(Args...)(Args args) {
			if(blocks.length == 0)
				addBlock();

			InlineElement ie;
			foreach(idx, arg; args) {
				static if(is(typeof(arg) == ForegroundColor))
					ie.color = arg;
				else static if(is(typeof(arg) == TextFormat)) {
					if(arg & 0x8000) // ~TextFormat.something turns it off
						ie.styles &= arg;
					else
						ie.styles |= arg;
				} else static if(is(typeof(arg) == string)) {
					static if(idx == 0 && args.length > 1)
						static assert(0, "Put styles before the string.");
					size_t lastLineIndex;
					foreach(cidx, char a; arg) {
						if(a == '\n') {
							ie.text = arg[lastLineIndex .. cidx];
							lastLineIndex = cidx + 1;
							blocks[$-1].parts ~= ie;
							ie.text = "\n";
							blocks[$-1].parts ~= ie;
							addBlock();
						} else {

						}
					}

					ie.text = arg[lastLineIndex .. $];
					blocks[$-1].parts ~= ie;
				}
			}
		}

		/// Call this if the inputs change. It will reflow everything
		void redoLayout() {

		}

		TextIdentifyResult identify(int x, int y) {
			foreach(block; blocks) {
				foreach(ref part; block.parts) {
					if(x >= part.boundingBox.left && x < part.boundingBox.right && y >= part.boundingBox.top && y < part.boundingBox.bottom) {

						// FIXME binary search
						size_t tidx;
						foreach_reverse(idx, lx; part.letterXs)
							if(lx <= x) {
								tidx = idx;
								break;
							}

						return TextIdentifyResult(&part, tidx);
					}
				}
			}

			return TextIdentifyResult(null, 0);
		}

		void drawInto(ScreenPainter painter) {
			auto pos = Point(boundingBox.left, boundingBox.top);

			int lastHeight;
			foreach(block; blocks) {
				pos.x = boundingBox.left;
				pos.y += lastHeight;
				foreach(ref part; block.parts) {
					painter.outlineColor = part.color;
					painter.fillColor = part.backgroundColor;
					if(part.text == "\n")
						continue;
					auto size = painter.textSize(part.text);

					painter.drawText(pos, part.text);
					if(part.styles & TextFormat.underline)
						painter.drawLine(Point(pos.x, pos.y + size.height - 1), Point(pos.x + size.width, pos.y + size.height - 1));
					if(part.styles & TextFormat.strikethrough)
						painter.drawLine(Point(pos.x, pos.y + size.height/2), Point(pos.x + size.width, pos.y + size.height/2));

					part.boundingBox = Rectangle(pos.x, pos.y, pos.x + size.width, pos.y + size.height);

					part.letterXs = null;
					foreach(idx, char c; part.text) {
							// FIXME: unicode
						part.letterXs ~= painter.textSize(part.text[0 .. idx]).width + pos.x;
					}

					pos.x += size.width;
					if(pos.x >= boundingBox.right) {
						pos.y += size.height;
						pos.x = boundingBox.left;
						lastHeight = 0;
					} else {
						lastHeight = size.height;
					}
				}
			}

		}

		/// Carat movement api
		/// These should give the user a logical result based on what they see on screen...
		/// thus they locate predominately by *pixels* not char index. (These will generally coincide with monospace fonts tho!)
		void moveUp(ref Carat carat) {}
		void moveDown(ref Carat carat) {}
		void moveLeft(ref Carat carat) {}
		void moveRight(ref Carat carat) {}
		void moveHome(ref Carat carat) {}
		void moveEnd(ref Carat carat) {}
		void movePageUp(ref Carat carat) {}
		void movePageDown(ref Carat carat) {}

		/// Plain text editing api. These work at the current carat inside the selected inline element.
		void insertText(string text) {}
		void backspace() {}
		void delete_() {}
		void overstrike() {}

		/// Selection API. See also: carat movement.
		void selectAll() {}
		void selectNone() {}

		/// Rich text editing api. These allow you to manipulate the meta data of the current element and add new elements.
		/// They will modify the current selection if there is one and will splice one in if needed.
		void changeAttributes() {}


		/// Text search api. They manipulate the selection and/or carat.
		void findText(string text) {}
		void findIndex(size_t textIndex) {}

		// sample event handlers

		void handleEvent(KeyEvent event) {
			//if(event.type == KeyEvent.Type.KeyPressed) {

			//}
		}

		void handleEvent(dchar ch) {

		}

		void handleEvent(MouseEvent event) {

		}

		bool contentEditable; // can it be edited?
		bool contentCaratable; // is there a carat/cursor that moves around in there?
		bool contentSelectable; // selectable?

		Carat carat;
		Carat selectionStart;
		Carat selectionEnd;

		bool insertMode;
	}

	struct Carat {
		TextLayout layout;
		InlineElement* inlineElement;
		int offset;
	}

	enum TextFormat : ushort {
		// decorations
		underline = 1,
		strikethrough = 2,

		// font selectors

		bold = 0x4000 | 1, // weight 700
		light = 0x4000 | 2, // weight 300
		veryBoldOrLight = 0x4000 | 4, // weight 100 with light, weight 900 with bold
		// bold | light is really invalid but should give weight 500
		// veryBoldOrLight without one of the others should just give the default for the font; it should be ignored.

		italic = 0x4000 | 8,
		smallcaps = 0x4000 | 16,
	}

	void* findFont(string family, int weight, TextFormat formats) {
		return null;
	}

}