Unresolvable dependency resolving [Parameter #0 [ $auth_key ]]

[progamer]

• Laravel Version: 5.3.*
• PHP Version:7.0.8
• Database Driver & Version:
  DB_CONNECTION=mysql

Description:

Unresolvable dependency resolving [Parameter #0 [ $auth_key ]] in class Pusher in /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:850

Steps To Reproduce:

My env file
BROADCAST_DRIVER=pusher
PUSHER_APP_ID=xxxxxx
PUSHER_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
PUSHER_SECRET=xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

I create a notification and trigger it

full error trace

[2016-12-07 20:29:28] local.ERROR: Illuminate\Contracts\Container\BindingResolutionException: Unresolvable dependency resolving [Parameter #0 [ $auth_key ]] in class Pusher in vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:850
Stack trace:
#0 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php(817): Illuminate\Container\Container->resolveNonClass(Object(ReflectionParameter))
#1 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php(788): Illuminate\Container\Container->getDependencies(Array, Array)
#2 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php(644): Illuminate\Container\Container->build('pusher', Array)
#3 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Application.php(709): Illuminate\Container\Container->make('pusher', Array)
#4 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Notifications/ChannelManager.php(233): Illuminate\Foundation\Application->make('pusher')
#5 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Manager.php(63): Illuminate\Notifications\ChannelManager->createDriver('pusher')
#6 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Notifications/ChannelManager.php(79): Illuminate\Support\Manager->driver('pusher')
#7 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Notifications/ChannelManager.php(43): Illuminate\Notifications\ChannelManager->sendNow(Object(Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection), Object(App\Notifications\CommentOnYourPost))
#8 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Facades/Facade.php(237): Illuminate\Notifications\ChannelManager->send(Object(Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection), Object(App\Notifications\CommentOnYourPost))
#9 app/Services/NotificationService.php(31): Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade::__callStatic('send', Array)
#10 app/Observers/CommentObserver.php(37): App\Services\NotificationService->notifyNewCommentAdded(Object(App\Comment))
#11 [internal function]: App\Observers\CommentObserver->updating(Object(App\Comment))
#12 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(348): call_user_func_array(Array, Array)
#13 [internal function]: Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->Illuminate\Events{closure}(Object(App\Comment))
#14 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(221): call_user_func_array(Object(Closure), Array)
#15 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(164): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->fire('eloquent.updati...', Array, true)
#16 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php(1664): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->until('eloquent.updati...', Object(App\Comment))
#17 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php(1525): Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model->fireModelEvent('eloquent.updati...')
#18 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php(1464): Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model->performUpdate(Object(Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder), Array)
#19 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/HasOneOrMany.php(225): Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model->save()
#20 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Relations/MorphOneOrMany.php(95): Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOneOrMany->save(Object(App\Comment))
#21 app/Http/Controllers/Front/CommentsController.php(60): Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\MorphOneOrMany->save(Object(App\Comment))
#22 [internal function]: App\Http\Controllers\Front\CommentsController->store(Object(App\Http\Requests\StoreComment), Object(App\Post))
#23 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php(55): call_user_func_array(Array, Array)
#24 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php(44): Illuminate\Routing\Controller->callAction('store', Array)
#25 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php(189): Illuminate\Routing\ControllerDispatcher->dispatch(Object(Illuminate\Routing\Route), Object(App\Http\Controllers\Front\CommentsController), 'store')
#26 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php(144): Illuminate\Routing\Route->runController()
#27 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php(642): Illuminate\Routing\Route->run(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#28 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(53): Illuminate\Routing\Router->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#29 vendor/xinax/laravel-gettext/src/Xinax/LaravelGettext/Middleware/GettextMiddleware.php(27): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#30 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Xinax\LaravelGettext\Middleware\GettextMiddleware->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#31 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#32 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php(41): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#33 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\SubstituteBindings->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#34 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#35 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Auth/Middleware/Authenticate.php(43): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#36 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\Authenticate->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#37 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#38 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php(65): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#39 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#40 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#41 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Middleware/ShareErrorsFromSession.php(49): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#42 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#43 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#44 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(64): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#45 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#46 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#47 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cookie/Middleware/AddQueuedCookiesToResponse.php(37): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#48 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#49 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#50 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cookie/Middleware/EncryptCookies.php(59): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#51 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\EncryptCookies->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#52 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#53 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(104): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#54 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php(644): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#55 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php(618): Illuminate\Routing\Router->runRouteWithinStack(Object(Illuminate\Routing\Route), Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#56 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php(596): Illuminate\Routing\Router->dispatchToRoute(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#57 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(268): Illuminate\Routing\Router->dispatch(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#58 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(53): Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel->Illuminate\Foundation\Http{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#59 vendor/barryvdh/laravel-debugbar/src/Middleware/Debugbar.php(51): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#60 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Barryvdh\Debugbar\Middleware\Debugbar->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#61 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#62 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/CheckForMaintenanceMode.php(46): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#63 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(137): Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request), Object(Closure))
#64 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Pipeline.php(33): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#65 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php(104): Illuminate\Routing\Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing{closure}(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#66 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(150): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#67 vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(117): Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel->sendRequestThroughRouter(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#68 public/index.php(53): Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel->handle(Object(Illuminate\Http\Request))
#69 {main}

[dwightwatson]

What code are you using that causes this error?

Have you upgraded your version from Laravel from a version earlier than 5.3? Can you confirm you have Illuminate\Broadcasting\BroadcastServiceProvider::class in your providers array?

[progamer]

@dwightwatson dwightwatson yes i have that service provider in my providers and yes i upgraded from 5.2 to 5.3

the code case this issue

Notification::send($postSubscribers, new CommentOnPostYouSubscribeOn($comment));
`<?php

namespace App\Notifications;

use App\Comment;
use App\Transformers\CommentTransformer;
use App\Transformers\PostTransformer;
use App\Transformers\UserTransformer;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;

class CommentOnPostYouSubscribeOn extends Notification implements ShouldQueue
{
use Queueable;

protected $comment;
protected $post;

/**
 * Create a new notification instance.
 *
 * @param Comment $comment
 */
public function __construct(Comment $comment)
{
    $this->comment = $comment;
    $this->post = $comment->commentable;
}

/**
 * Get the notification's delivery channels.
 *
 * @param  mixed $notifiable
 * @return array
 */
public function via($notifiable)
{
    return ['database'];
}

/**
 * Get the mail representation of the notification.
 *
 * @param  mixed $notifiable
 * @return \Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage
 */
public function toMail($notifiable)
{
    return (new MailMessage)
        ->line('New Comment added to post you watch.')
        ->action('View', 'https://laravel.com')
        ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
}

/**
 * Get the array representation of the notification.
 *
 * @param  mixed $notifiable
 * @return array
 */
public function toArray($notifiable)
{
    return [
        'comment' => $this->comment,
        'post' => $this->post,
        'user' =>$this->comment->user,
        'description' => __('%s commented on post you watch %s ', $this->comment->user->name, substr($this->post->body, 0, 50))

    ];
}

}
`