fix(targets): Safely skip parsing record field as date-time if it is missing in schema

[edgarrmondragon]

Closes #1836

• Add tests

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://meltano-sdk--1844.org.readthedocs.build/en/1844/

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1844 (20ca4b1) into main (fe7d7d6) will increase coverage by 0.22%.
The diff coverage is 83.33%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1844      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   87.16%   87.39%   +0.22%     
==========================================
  Files          59       59              
  Lines        5120     5123       +3     
  Branches      827      828       +1     
==========================================
+ Hits         4463     4477      +14     
+ Misses        463      451      -12     
- Partials      194      195       +1     

Files	Coverage Δ
singer_sdk/sinks/core.py	93.33% <83.33%> (+4.44%)	⬆️

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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[edgarrmondragon]

Using the in operator is a bit faster than try-except:

import timeit

setup = """
big_dict = {
    i: i * i
    for i in range(50_000)
}
"""

try_except = """
for i in range(70_000):
    try:
        x = big_dict[i]
    except KeyError:
        continue
"""

in_operator = """
for i in range(70_000):
    if i in big_dict:
        x = big_dict[i]
"""

print(timeit.timeit(setup=setup, stmt=try_except, number=1000))   # 4.430988875003095
print(timeit.timeit(setup=setup, stmt=in_operator, number=1000))  # 2.137157458000729