From 25ef68fc4d89cf1d79bcc496c33c62aea29396fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexandr Guzhva <alexanderguzhva@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 23 May 2024 20:52:49 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] bitset: multiple 'and' and 'or' in a single op

Signed-off-by: Alexandr Guzhva <alexanderguzhva@gmail.com>
---
 internal/core/src/bitset/bitset.h             | 268 ++++++++---
 internal/core/src/bitset/common.h             |  13 +
 internal/core/src/bitset/detail/bit_wise.h    | 180 ++++---
 .../src/bitset/detail/element_vectorized.h    | 212 ++++----
 .../core/src/bitset/detail/element_wise.h     | 388 ++++++++++-----
 .../core/src/bitset/detail/maybe_vector.h     |  91 ++++
 .../bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-decl.h    | 120 +++++
 .../bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-impl.h    | 146 ++++++
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon.h     |  24 +
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-decl.h | 120 +++++
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-impl.h | 148 +++++-
 .../core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve.h |  24 +
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.cpp    | 180 +++++++
 .../core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.h | 192 +++++++-
 .../bitset/detail/platform/vectorized_ref.h   |  72 ++-
 .../bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-decl.h    | 120 +++++
 .../bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-impl.h    | 146 ++++++
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2.h     |  24 +
 .../bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-decl.h  | 120 +++++
 .../bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-impl.h  | 146 ++++++
 .../src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512.h   |  24 +
 internal/core/src/bitset/detail/proxy.h       |  13 +-
 internal/core/unittest/test_bitset.cpp        | 455 ++++++++++++++++++
 23 files changed, 2871 insertions(+), 355 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 internal/core/src/bitset/detail/maybe_vector.h

diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/bitset.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/bitset.h
index 27a659ae14560..0e5f75bff0bd0 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/bitset.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/bitset.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #include "common.h"
+#include "detail/maybe_vector.h"
 
 namespace milvus {
 namespace bitset {
@@ -109,7 +110,6 @@ class BitsetBase {
  public:
     using policy_type = PolicyT;
     using data_type = typename policy_type::data_type;
-    using size_type = typename policy_type::size_type;
     using proxy_type = typename policy_type::proxy_type;
     using const_proxy_type = typename policy_type::const_proxy_type;
 
@@ -128,21 +128,21 @@ class BitsetBase {
     }
 
     // Return the number of bits we're working with.
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     size() const {
         return as_derived().size_impl();
     }
 
     // Return the number of bytes which is needed to
     //   contain all our bits.
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     size_in_bytes() const {
         return policy_type::get_required_size_in_bytes(this->size());
     }
 
     // Return the number of elements which is needed to
     //   contain all our bits.
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     size_in_elements() const {
         return policy_type::get_required_size_in_elements(this->size());
     }
@@ -155,19 +155,19 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     //
     inline proxy_type
-    operator[](const size_type bit_idx) {
+    operator[](const size_t bit_idx) {
         range_checker::lt(bit_idx, this->size());
 
-        const size_type idx_v = bit_idx + this->offset();
+        const size_t idx_v = bit_idx + this->offset();
         return policy_type::get_proxy(this->data(), idx_v);
     }
 
     //
     inline bool
-    operator[](const size_type bit_idx) const {
+    operator[](const size_t bit_idx) const {
         range_checker::lt(bit_idx, this->size());
 
-        const size_type idx_v = bit_idx + this->offset();
+        const size_t idx_v = bit_idx + this->offset();
         const auto proxy = policy_type::get_proxy(this->data(), idx_v);
         return proxy.operator bool();
     }
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Set a given bit to a given value.
     inline void
-    set(const size_type bit_idx, const bool value = true) {
+    set(const size_t bit_idx, const bool value = true) {
         this->operator[](bit_idx) = value;
     }
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Set a given bit to false.
     inline void
-    reset(const size_type bit_idx) {
+    reset(const size_t bit_idx) {
         this->operator[](bit_idx) = false;
     }
 
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     // Inplace and.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline void
-    inplace_and(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_type size) {
+    inplace_and(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -225,6 +225,74 @@ class BitsetBase {
             this->data(), other.data(), this->offset(), other.offset(), size);
     }
 
+    template <bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_and(const BitsetView<PolicyT, R>* const others,
+                const size_t n_others,
+                const size_t size) {
+        range_checker::le(size, this->size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            range_checker::le(size, others[i].size());
+        }
+
+        // pick buffers
+        detail::MaybeVector<const data_type*> tmp_data(n_others);
+        detail::MaybeVector<size_t> tmp_offset(n_others);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            tmp_data[i] = others[i].data();
+            tmp_offset[i] = others[i].offset();
+        }
+
+        policy_type::op_and_multiple(this->data(),
+                                     tmp_data.data(),
+                                     this->offset(),
+                                     tmp_offset.data(),
+                                     n_others,
+                                     size);
+    }
+
+    template <bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_and(const BitsetView<PolicyT, R>* const others,
+                const size_t n_others) {
+        this->inplace_and(others, n_others, this->size());
+    }
+
+    template <typename ContainerT, bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_and(const Bitset<PolicyT, ContainerT, R>* const others,
+                const size_t n_others,
+                const size_t size) {
+        range_checker::le(size, this->size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            range_checker::le(size, others[i].size());
+        }
+
+        // pick buffers
+        detail::MaybeVector<const data_type*> tmp_data(n_others);
+        detail::MaybeVector<size_t> tmp_offset(n_others);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            tmp_data[i] = others[i].data();
+            tmp_offset[i] = others[i].offset();
+        }
+
+        policy_type::op_and_multiple(this->data(),
+                                     tmp_data.data(),
+                                     this->offset(),
+                                     tmp_offset.data(),
+                                     n_others,
+                                     size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ContainerT, bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_and(const Bitset<PolicyT, ContainerT, R>* const others,
+                const size_t n_others) {
+        this->inplace_and(others, n_others, this->size());
+    }
+
     // Inplace and. A given bitset / bitset view is expected to have the same size.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline ImplT&
@@ -238,7 +306,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     // Inplace or.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline void
-    inplace_or(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_type size) {
+    inplace_or(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -246,6 +314,74 @@ class BitsetBase {
             this->data(), other.data(), this->offset(), other.offset(), size);
     }
 
+    template <bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_or(const BitsetView<PolicyT, R>* const others,
+               const size_t n_others,
+               const size_t size) {
+        range_checker::le(size, this->size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            range_checker::le(size, others[i].size());
+        }
+
+        // pick buffers
+        detail::MaybeVector<const data_type*> tmp_data(n_others);
+        detail::MaybeVector<size_t> tmp_offset(n_others);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            tmp_data[i] = others[i].data();
+            tmp_offset[i] = others[i].offset();
+        }
+
+        policy_type::op_or_multiple(this->data(),
+                                    tmp_data.data(),
+                                    this->offset(),
+                                    tmp_offset.data(),
+                                    n_others,
+                                    size);
+    }
+
+    template <bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_or(const BitsetView<PolicyT, R>* const others,
+               const size_t n_others) {
+        this->inplace_or(others, n_others, this->size());
+    }
+
+    template <typename ContainerT, bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_or(const Bitset<PolicyT, ContainerT, R>* const others,
+               const size_t n_others,
+               const size_t size) {
+        range_checker::le(size, this->size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            range_checker::le(size, others[i].size());
+        }
+
+        // pick buffers
+        detail::MaybeVector<const data_type*> tmp_data(n_others);
+        detail::MaybeVector<size_t> tmp_offset(n_others);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_others; i++) {
+            tmp_data[i] = others[i].data();
+            tmp_offset[i] = others[i].offset();
+        }
+
+        policy_type::op_or_multiple(this->data(),
+                                    tmp_data.data(),
+                                    this->offset(),
+                                    tmp_offset.data(),
+                                    n_others,
+                                    size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ContainerT, bool R>
+    inline void
+    inplace_or(const Bitset<PolicyT, ContainerT, R>* const others,
+               const size_t n_others) {
+        this->inplace_or(others, n_others, this->size());
+    }
+
     // Inplace or. A given bitset / bitset view is expected to have the same size.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline ImplT&
@@ -264,13 +400,13 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     //
     inline BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>
-    operator+(const size_type offset) {
+    operator+(const size_t offset) {
         return this->view(offset);
     }
 
     // Create a view of a given size from the given position.
     inline BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>
-    view(const size_type offset, const size_type size) {
+    view(const size_t offset, const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(offset, this->size());
         range_checker::le(offset + size, this->size());
 
@@ -280,7 +416,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Create a const view of a given size from the given position.
     inline BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>
-    view(const size_type offset, const size_type size) const {
+    view(const size_t offset, const size_t size) const {
         range_checker::le(offset, this->size());
         range_checker::le(offset + size, this->size());
 
@@ -292,7 +428,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Create a view from the given position, which uses all available size.
     inline BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>
-    view(const size_type offset) {
+    view(const size_t offset) {
         range_checker::le(offset, this->size());
 
         return BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>(
@@ -301,7 +437,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Create a const view from the given position, which uses all available size.
     inline const BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>
-    view(const size_type offset) const {
+    view(const size_t offset) const {
         range_checker::le(offset, this->size());
 
         return BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>(
@@ -323,7 +459,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     }
 
     // Return the number of bits which are set to true.
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     count() const {
         return policy_type::op_count(
             this->data(), this->offset(), this->size());
@@ -354,7 +490,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     // Inplace xor.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline void
-    inplace_xor(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_type size) {
+    inplace_xor(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -375,7 +511,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     // Inplace sub.
     template <typename I, bool R>
     inline void
-    inplace_sub(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_type size) {
+    inplace_sub(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other, const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -394,16 +530,16 @@ class BitsetBase {
     }
 
     // Find the index of the first bit set to true.
-    inline std::optional<size_type>
+    inline std::optional<size_t>
     find_first() const {
         return policy_type::op_find(
             this->data(), this->offset(), this->size(), 0);
     }
 
     // Find the index of the first bit set to true, starting from a given bit index.
-    inline std::optional<size_type>
-    find_next(const size_type starting_bit_idx) const {
-        const size_type size_v = this->size();
+    inline std::optional<size_t>
+    find_next(const size_t starting_bit_idx) const {
+        const size_t size_v = this->size();
         if (starting_bit_idx + 1 >= size_v) {
             return std::nullopt;
         }
@@ -414,7 +550,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Read multiple bits starting from a given bit index.
     inline data_type
-    read(const size_type starting_bit_idx, const size_type nbits) {
+    read(const size_t starting_bit_idx, const size_t nbits) {
         range_checker::le(nbits, sizeof(data_type));
 
         return policy_type::op_read(
@@ -423,9 +559,9 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Write multiple bits starting from a given bit index.
     inline void
-    write(const size_type starting_bit_idx,
+    write(const size_t starting_bit_idx,
           const data_type value,
-          const size_type nbits) {
+          const size_t nbits) {
         range_checker::le(nbits, sizeof(data_type));
 
         policy_type::op_write(
@@ -437,7 +573,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     void
     inplace_compare_column(const T* const __restrict t,
                            const U* const __restrict u,
-                           const size_type size,
+                           const size_t size,
                            CompareOpType op) {
         if (op == CompareOpType::EQ) {
             this->inplace_compare_column<T, U, CompareOpType::EQ>(t, u, size);
@@ -460,7 +596,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     void
     inplace_compare_column(const T* const __restrict t,
                            const U* const __restrict u,
-                           const size_type size) {
+                           const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
 
         policy_type::template op_compare_column<T, U, Op>(
@@ -471,7 +607,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     template <typename T>
     void
     inplace_compare_val(const T* const __restrict t,
-                        const size_type size,
+                        const size_t size,
                         const T& value,
                         CompareOpType op) {
         if (op == CompareOpType::EQ) {
@@ -494,7 +630,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     template <typename T, CompareOpType Op>
     void
     inplace_compare_val(const T* const __restrict t,
-                        const size_type size,
+                        const size_t size,
                         const T& value) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
 
@@ -508,7 +644,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_within_range_column(const T* const __restrict lower,
                                 const T* const __restrict upper,
                                 const T* const __restrict values,
-                                const size_type size,
+                                const size_t size,
                                 const RangeType op) {
         if (op == RangeType::IncInc) {
             this->inplace_within_range_column<T, RangeType::IncInc>(
@@ -532,7 +668,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_within_range_column(const T* const __restrict lower,
                                 const T* const __restrict upper,
                                 const T* const __restrict values,
-                                const size_type size) {
+                                const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
 
         policy_type::template op_within_range_column<T, Op>(
@@ -545,7 +681,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_within_range_val(const T& lower,
                              const T& upper,
                              const T* const __restrict values,
-                             const size_type size,
+                             const size_t size,
                              const RangeType op) {
         if (op == RangeType::IncInc) {
             this->inplace_within_range_val<T, RangeType::IncInc>(
@@ -569,7 +705,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_within_range_val(const T& lower,
                              const T& upper,
                              const T* const __restrict values,
-                             const size_type size) {
+                             const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
 
         policy_type::template op_within_range_val<T, Op>(
@@ -582,7 +718,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_arith_compare(const T* const __restrict src,
                           const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& right_operand,
                           const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& value,
-                          const size_type size,
+                          const size_t size,
                           const ArithOpType a_op,
                           const CompareOpType cmp_op) {
         if (a_op == ArithOpType::Add) {
@@ -765,7 +901,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
     inplace_arith_compare(const T* const __restrict src,
                           const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& right_operand,
                           const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& value,
-                          const size_type size) {
+                          const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
 
         policy_type::template op_arith_compare<T, AOp, CmpOp>(
@@ -775,9 +911,9 @@ class BitsetBase {
     //
     // Inplace and. Also, counts the number of active bits.
     template <typename I, bool R>
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     inplace_and_with_count(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other,
-                           const size_type size) {
+                           const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -787,9 +923,9 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
     // Inplace or. Also, counts the number of inactive bits.
     template <typename I, bool R>
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     inplace_or_with_count(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other,
-                          const size_type size) {
+                          const size_t size) {
         range_checker::le(size, this->size());
         range_checker::le(size, other.size());
 
@@ -799,7 +935,7 @@ class BitsetBase {
 
  private:
     // Return the starting bit offset in our container.
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     offset() const {
         return as_derived().offset_impl();
     }
@@ -829,7 +965,6 @@ class BitsetView : public BitsetBase<PolicyT,
  public:
     using policy_type = PolicyT;
     using data_type = typename policy_type::data_type;
-    using size_type = typename policy_type::size_type;
     using proxy_type = typename policy_type::proxy_type;
     using const_proxy_type = typename policy_type::const_proxy_type;
 
@@ -849,11 +984,11 @@ class BitsetView : public BitsetBase<PolicyT,
         : Data{bitset.data()}, Size{bitset.size()}, Offset{bitset.offset()} {
     }
 
-    BitsetView(void* data, const size_type size)
+    BitsetView(void* data, const size_t size)
         : Data{reinterpret_cast<data_type*>(data)}, Size{size}, Offset{0} {
     }
 
-    BitsetView(void* data, const size_type offset, const size_type size)
+    BitsetView(void* data, const size_t offset, const size_t size)
         : Data{reinterpret_cast<data_type*>(data)}, Size{size}, Offset{offset} {
     }
 
@@ -861,9 +996,9 @@ class BitsetView : public BitsetBase<PolicyT,
     // the referenced bits are [Offset, Offset + Size)
     data_type* Data = nullptr;
     // measured in bits
-    size_type Size = 0;
+    size_t Size = 0;
     // measured in bits
-    size_type Offset = 0;
+    size_t Offset = 0;
 
     inline data_type*
     data_impl() {
@@ -873,11 +1008,11 @@ class BitsetView : public BitsetBase<PolicyT,
     data_impl() const {
         return Data;
     }
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     size_impl() const {
         return Size;
     }
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     offset_impl() const {
         return Offset;
     }
@@ -896,10 +1031,11 @@ class Bitset
  public:
     using policy_type = PolicyT;
     using data_type = typename policy_type::data_type;
-    using size_type = typename policy_type::size_type;
     using proxy_type = typename policy_type::proxy_type;
     using const_proxy_type = typename policy_type::const_proxy_type;
 
+    using view_type = BitsetView<PolicyT, IsRangeCheckEnabled>;
+
     // This is the container type.
     using container_type = ContainerT;
     // This is how the data is stored. For example, we may operate using
@@ -914,11 +1050,11 @@ class Bitset
     Bitset() {
     }
     // Allocate the given number of bits.
-    Bitset(const size_type size)
+    Bitset(const size_t size)
         : Data(get_required_size_in_container_elements(size)), Size{size} {
     }
     // Allocate the given number of bits, initialize with a given value.
-    Bitset(const size_type size, const bool init)
+    Bitset(const size_t size, const bool init)
         : Data(get_required_size_in_container_elements(size),
                init ? data_type(-1) : 0),
           Size{size} {
@@ -964,8 +1100,8 @@ class Bitset
 
     // Resize.
     void
-    resize(const size_type new_size) {
-        const size_type new_size_in_container_elements =
+    resize(const size_t new_size) {
+        const size_t new_size_in_container_elements =
             get_required_size_in_container_elements(new_size);
         Data.resize(new_size_in_container_elements);
         Size = new_size;
@@ -973,8 +1109,8 @@ class Bitset
 
     // Resize and initialize new bits with a given value if grown.
     void
-    resize(const size_type new_size, const bool init) {
-        const size_type old_size = this->size();
+    resize(const size_t new_size, const bool init) {
+        const size_t old_size = this->size();
         this->resize(new_size);
 
         if (new_size > old_size) {
@@ -989,11 +1125,11 @@ class Bitset
     template <typename I, bool R>
     void
     append(const BitsetBase<PolicyT, I, R>& other,
-           const size_type starting_bit_idx,
-           const size_type count) {
+           const size_t starting_bit_idx,
+           const size_t count) {
         range_checker::le(starting_bit_idx, other.size());
 
-        const size_type old_size = this->size();
+        const size_t old_size = this->size();
         this->resize(this->size() + count);
 
         policy_type::op_copy(other.data(),
@@ -1020,8 +1156,8 @@ class Bitset
 
     // Reserve
     inline void
-    reserve(const size_type capacity) {
-        const size_type capacity_in_container_elements =
+    reserve(const size_t capacity) {
+        const size_t capacity_in_container_elements =
             get_required_size_in_container_elements(capacity);
         Data.reserve(capacity_in_container_elements);
     }
@@ -1048,7 +1184,7 @@ class Bitset
     // the container
     container_type Data;
     // the actual number of bits
-    size_type Size = 0;
+    size_t Size = 0;
 
     inline data_type*
     data_impl() {
@@ -1058,19 +1194,19 @@ class Bitset
     data_impl() const {
         return reinterpret_cast<const data_type*>(Data.data());
     }
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     size_impl() const {
         return Size;
     }
-    inline size_type
+    inline size_t
     offset_impl() const {
         return 0;
     }
 
     //
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_container_elements(const size_t size) {
-        const size_type size_in_bytes =
+        const size_t size_in_bytes =
             policy_type::get_required_size_in_bytes(size);
         return (size_in_bytes + sizeof(container_data_type) - 1) /
                sizeof(container_data_type);
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/common.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/common.h
index 662813e91c2bf..1d4bb8186b456 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/common.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/common.h
@@ -27,6 +27,19 @@ namespace bitset {
 // this option is only somewhat supported
 // #define BITSET_HEADER_ONLY
 
+// `always inline` hint.
+// It is introduced to deal with clang's behavior to reuse
+//   once generated code. But if it is needed to generate
+//   different machine code for multiple platforms based on
+//   a single template, then such a behavior is undesired.
+// `always inline` is applied for PolicyT methods. It is fine,
+//   because they are not used directly and are wrapped
+//   in BitsetBase methods. So, a compiler may decide whether
+//   to really inline them, but it forces a compiler to
+//   generate specialized code for every hardward platform.
+// todo: MSVC has its own way to define `always inline`.
+#define BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE __attribute__((always_inline))
+
 // a supporting utility
 template <class>
 inline constexpr bool always_false_v = false;
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/bit_wise.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/bit_wise.h
index 5e8c1a37914c0..f3d08dc5be5c4 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/bit_wise.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/bit_wise.h
@@ -32,55 +32,53 @@ namespace detail {
 template <typename ElementT>
 struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     using data_type = ElementT;
-    constexpr static auto data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
-
-    using size_type = size_t;
+    constexpr static size_t data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
 
     using self_type = BitWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>;
 
     using proxy_type = Proxy<self_type>;
     using const_proxy_type = ConstProxy<self_type>;
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_element(const size_t idx) {
         return idx / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_shift(const size_t idx) {
         return idx % data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_elements(const size_t size) {
         return (size + data_bits - 1) / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_bytes(const size_t size) {
         return get_required_size_in_elements(size) * sizeof(data_type);
     }
 
     static inline proxy_type
-    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline const_proxy_type
-    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         const data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return const_proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline data_type
     op_read(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type nbits) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t nbits) {
         data_type value = 0;
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
             const auto proxy = get_proxy(data, start + i);
             value += proxy ? (data_type(1) << i) : 0;
         }
@@ -90,10 +88,10 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static void
     op_write(data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type nbits,
+             const size_t start,
+             const size_t nbits,
              const data_type value) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < nbits; i++) {
             auto proxy = get_proxy(data, start + i);
             data_type mask = data_type(1) << i;
             if ((value & mask) == mask) {
@@ -105,10 +103,8 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_flip(data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    op_flip(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy = get_proxy(data, start + i);
             proxy.flip();
         }
@@ -122,7 +118,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t size) {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -130,6 +126,27 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
     }
 
+    static inline void
+    op_and_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                    const data_type* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
+
+            bool value = proxy_left;
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < n_rights; j++) {
+                auto proxy_right = get_proxy(rights[j], start_rights[j] + i);
+
+                value &= proxy_right;
+            }
+
+            proxy_left = value;
+        }
+    }
+
     static inline void
     op_or(data_type* const left,
           const data_type* const right,
@@ -138,7 +155,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
           const size_t size) {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -147,26 +164,43 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_type start, const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    op_or_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                   const data_type* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
+
+            bool value = proxy_left;
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < n_rights; j++) {
+                auto proxy_right = get_proxy(rights[j], start_rights[j] + i);
+
+                value |= proxy_right;
+            }
+
+            proxy_left = value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static inline void
+    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) = true;
         }
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_reset(data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    op_reset(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) = false;
         }
     }
 
     static inline bool
-    op_all(const data_type* const data,
-           const size_type start,
-           const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    op_all(const data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             if (!get_proxy(data, start + i)) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -177,9 +211,9 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static inline bool
     op_none(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             if (get_proxy(data, start + i)) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -190,11 +224,11 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static void
     op_copy(const data_type* const src,
-            const size_type start_src,
+            const size_t start_src,
             data_type* const dst,
-            const size_type start_dst,
-            const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            const size_t start_dst,
+            const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             const auto src_p = get_proxy(src, start_src + i);
             auto dst_p = get_proxy(dst, start_dst + i);
             dst_p = src_p.operator bool();
@@ -203,22 +237,22 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static void
     op_fill(data_type* const dst,
-            const size_type start_dst,
-            const size_type size,
+            const size_t start_dst,
+            const size_t size,
             const bool value) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto dst_p = get_proxy(dst, start_dst + i);
             dst_p = value;
         }
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     op_count(const data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
-        size_type count = 0;
+             const size_t start,
+             const size_t size) {
+        size_t count = 0;
 
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy = get_proxy(data, start + i);
             count += (proxy) ? 1 : 0;
         }
@@ -232,7 +266,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
           const size_t start_left,
           const size_t start_right,
           const size_t size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             const auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             const auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -252,7 +286,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t size) {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             const auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -268,7 +302,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t size) {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             const auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -277,12 +311,12 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     //
-    static inline std::optional<size_type>
+    static inline std::optional<size_t>
     op_find(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
-            const size_type starting_idx) {
-        for (size_type i = starting_idx; i < size; i++) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
+            const size_t starting_idx) {
+        for (size_t i = starting_idx; i < size; i++) {
             const auto proxy = get_proxy(data, start + i);
             if (proxy) {
                 return i;
@@ -296,11 +330,11 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, typename U, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                      const size_type start,
+                      const size_t start,
                       const T* const __restrict t,
                       const U* const __restrict u,
-                      const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                      const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) =
                 CompareOperator<Op>::compare(t[i], u[i]);
         }
@@ -310,11 +344,11 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                   const size_type start,
+                   const size_t start,
                    const T* const __restrict t,
-                   const size_type size,
+                   const size_t size,
                    const T& value) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) =
                 CompareOperator<Op>::compare(t[i], value);
         }
@@ -323,12 +357,12 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                           const size_type start,
+                           const size_t start,
                            const T* const __restrict lower,
                            const T* const __restrict upper,
                            const T* const __restrict values,
-                           const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                           const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) =
                 RangeOperator<Op>::within_range(lower[i], upper[i], values[i]);
         }
@@ -338,12 +372,12 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                        const size_type start,
+                        const size_t start,
                         const T& lower,
                         const T& upper,
                         const T* const __restrict values,
-                        const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                        const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) =
                 RangeOperator<Op>::within_range(lower, upper, values[i]);
         }
@@ -353,12 +387,12 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static inline void
     op_arith_compare(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                     const size_type start,
+                     const size_t start,
                      const T* const __restrict src,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& right_operand,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& value,
-                     const size_type size) {
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                     const size_t size) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             get_proxy(data, start + i) =
                 ArithCompareOperator<AOp, CmpOp>::compare(
                     src[i], right_operand, value);
@@ -375,7 +409,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
         size_t active = 0;
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
@@ -397,7 +431,7 @@ struct BitWiseBitsetPolicy {
         // todo: check if intersect
 
         size_t inactive = 0;
-        for (size_type i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
             auto proxy_left = get_proxy(left, start_left + i);
             auto proxy_right = get_proxy(right, start_right + i);
 
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_vectorized.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_vectorized.h
index e21aca883bbbc..93668904abedd 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_vectorized.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_vectorized.h
@@ -32,53 +32,49 @@ namespace detail {
 template <typename ElementT, typename VectorizedT>
 struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     using data_type = ElementT;
-    constexpr static auto data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
-
-    using size_type = size_t;
+    constexpr static size_t data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
 
     using self_type = VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT, VectorizedT>;
 
     using proxy_type = Proxy<self_type>;
     using const_proxy_type = ConstProxy<self_type>;
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_element(const size_t idx) {
         return idx / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_shift(const size_t idx) {
         return idx % data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_elements(const size_t size) {
         return (size + data_bits - 1) / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_bytes(const size_t size) {
         return get_required_size_in_elements(size) * sizeof(data_type);
     }
 
     static inline proxy_type
-    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline const_proxy_type
-    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         const data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return const_proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_flip(data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
+    op_flip(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_flip(data, start, size);
     }
 
@@ -88,8 +84,25 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t start_left,
            const size_t start_right,
            const size_t size) {
-        ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_and(
-            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_and<ElementT>(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_and(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static inline void
+    op_and_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                    const data_type* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_and_multiple<ElementT>(
+                left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_and_multiple(
+                left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+        }
     }
 
     static inline void
@@ -98,59 +111,72 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
           const size_t start_left,
           const size_t start_right,
           const size_t size) {
-        ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_or(
-            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_or<ElementT>(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_or(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        }
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_type start, const size_type size) {
+    op_or_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                   const data_type* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_or_multiple<ElementT>(
+                left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_or_multiple(
+                left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static inline void
+    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_set(data, start, size);
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_reset(data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
+    op_reset(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_reset(data, start, size);
     }
 
     static inline bool
-    op_all(const data_type* const data,
-           const size_type start,
-           const size_type size) {
+    op_all(const data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         return ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_all(data, start, size);
     }
 
     static inline bool
     op_none(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size) {
         return ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_none(data, start, size);
     }
 
     static void
     op_copy(const data_type* const src,
-            const size_type start_src,
+            const size_t start_src,
             data_type* const dst,
-            const size_type start_dst,
-            const size_type size) {
+            const size_t start_dst,
+            const size_t size) {
         ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_copy(
             src, start_src, dst, start_dst, size);
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     op_count(const data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
+             const size_t start,
+             const size_t size) {
         return ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_count(data, start, size);
     }
 
     static inline bool
     op_eq(const data_type* const left,
           const data_type* const right,
-          const size_type start_left,
-          const size_type start_right,
-          const size_type size) {
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
         return ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_eq(
             left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
     }
@@ -161,8 +187,11 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t start_left,
            const size_t start_right,
            const size_t size) {
-        ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_xor(
-            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_xor<ElementT>(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_xor(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        }
     }
 
     static inline void
@@ -171,24 +200,27 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
            const size_t start_left,
            const size_t start_right,
            const size_t size) {
-        ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_sub(
-            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        if (!VectorizedT::template forward_op_sub<ElementT>(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size)) {
+            ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_sub(
+                left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+        }
     }
 
     static void
     op_fill(data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
             const bool value) {
         ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_fill(data, start, size, value);
     }
 
     //
-    static inline std::optional<size_type>
+    static inline std::optional<size_t>
     op_find(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
-            const size_type starting_idx) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
+            const size_t starting_idx) {
         return ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::op_find(
             data, start, size, starting_idx);
     }
@@ -197,16 +229,16 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, typename U, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                      const size_type start,
+                      const size_t start,
                       const T* const __restrict t,
                       const U* const __restrict u,
-                      const size_type size) {
+                      const size_t size) {
         op_func(
             start,
             size,
-            [data, t, u](const size_type starting_bit,
-                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, t, u](const size_t starting_bit,
+                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                         const size_t nbits) {
                 ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::
                     template op_compare_column<T, U, Op>(data,
                                                          starting_bit,
@@ -214,9 +246,9 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                                                          u + ptr_offset,
                                                          nbits);
             },
-            [data, t, u](const size_type starting_element,
-                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, t, u](const size_t starting_element,
+                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                         const size_t nbits) {
                 return VectorizedT::template op_compare_column<T, U, Op>(
                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(data + starting_element),
                     t + ptr_offset,
@@ -229,23 +261,23 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                   const size_type start,
+                   const size_t start,
                    const T* const __restrict t,
-                   const size_type size,
+                   const size_t size,
                    const T& value) {
         op_func(
             start,
             size,
-            [data, t, value](const size_type starting_bit,
-                             const size_type ptr_offset,
-                             const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, t, value](const size_t starting_bit,
+                             const size_t ptr_offset,
+                             const size_t nbits) {
                 ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::template op_compare_val<T,
                                                                            Op>(
                     data, starting_bit, t + ptr_offset, nbits, value);
             },
-            [data, t, value](const size_type starting_element,
-                             const size_type ptr_offset,
-                             const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, t, value](const size_t starting_element,
+                             const size_t ptr_offset,
+                             const size_t nbits) {
                 return VectorizedT::template op_compare_val<T, Op>(
                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(data + starting_element),
                     t + ptr_offset,
@@ -258,17 +290,17 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                           const size_type start,
+                           const size_t start,
                            const T* const __restrict lower,
                            const T* const __restrict upper,
                            const T* const __restrict values,
-                           const size_type size) {
+                           const size_t size) {
         op_func(
             start,
             size,
-            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_type starting_bit,
-                                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_t starting_bit,
+                                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                         const size_t nbits) {
                 ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::
                     template op_within_range_column<T, Op>(data,
                                                            starting_bit,
@@ -277,9 +309,9 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                                                            values + ptr_offset,
                                                            nbits);
             },
-            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_type starting_element,
-                                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_t starting_element,
+                                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                         const size_t nbits) {
                 return VectorizedT::template op_within_range_column<T, Op>(
                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(data + starting_element),
                     lower + ptr_offset,
@@ -293,17 +325,17 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                        const size_type start,
+                        const size_t start,
                         const T& lower,
                         const T& upper,
                         const T* const __restrict values,
-                        const size_type size) {
+                        const size_t size) {
         op_func(
             start,
             size,
-            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_type starting_bit,
-                                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_t starting_bit,
+                                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                         const size_t nbits) {
                 ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::
                     template op_within_range_val<T, Op>(data,
                                                         starting_bit,
@@ -312,9 +344,9 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                                                         values + ptr_offset,
                                                         nbits);
             },
-            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_type starting_element,
-                                         const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                         const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, lower, upper, values](const size_t starting_element,
+                                         const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                         const size_t nbits) {
                 return VectorizedT::template op_within_range_val<T, Op>(
                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(data + starting_element),
                     lower,
@@ -328,17 +360,17 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static inline void
     op_arith_compare(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                     const size_type start,
+                     const size_t start,
                      const T* const __restrict src,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& right_operand,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& value,
-                     const size_type size) {
+                     const size_t size) {
         op_func(
             start,
             size,
-            [data, src, right_operand, value](const size_type starting_bit,
-                                              const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                              const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, src, right_operand, value](const size_t starting_bit,
+                                              const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                              const size_t nbits) {
                 ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>::
                     template op_arith_compare<T, AOp, CmpOp>(data,
                                                              starting_bit,
@@ -347,9 +379,9 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                                                              value,
                                                              nbits);
             },
-            [data, src, right_operand, value](const size_type starting_element,
-                                              const size_type ptr_offset,
-                                              const size_type nbits) {
+            [data, src, right_operand, value](const size_t starting_element,
+                                              const size_t ptr_offset,
+                                              const size_t nbits) {
                 return VectorizedT::template op_arith_compare<T, AOp, CmpOp>(
                     reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(data + starting_element),
                     src + ptr_offset,
@@ -380,12 +412,12 @@ struct VectorizedElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
             left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
     }
 
-    // void FuncBaseline(const size_t starting_bit, const size_type ptr_offset, const size_type nbits)
-    // bool FuncVectorized(const size_type starting_element, const size_type ptr_offset, const size_type nbits)
+    // void FuncBaseline(const size_t starting_bit, const size_t ptr_offset, const size_t nbits)
+    // bool FuncVectorized(const size_t starting_element, const size_t ptr_offset, const size_t nbits)
     template <typename FuncBaseline, typename FuncVectorized>
     static inline void
-    op_func(const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
+    op_func(const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
             FuncBaseline func_baseline,
             FuncVectorized func_vectorized) {
         if (size == 0) {
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_wise.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_wise.h
index 62e49b5a93ae1..91b40692063b8 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_wise.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/element_wise.h
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include "ctz.h"
 #include "popcount.h"
 
+#include "maybe_vector.h"
+
 namespace milvus {
 namespace bitset {
 namespace detail {
@@ -33,53 +35,51 @@ namespace detail {
 template <typename ElementT>
 struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     using data_type = ElementT;
-    constexpr static auto data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
-
-    using size_type = size_t;
+    constexpr static size_t data_bits = sizeof(data_type) * 8;
 
     using self_type = ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<ElementT>;
 
     using proxy_type = Proxy<self_type>;
     using const_proxy_type = ConstProxy<self_type>;
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_element(const size_t idx) {
         return idx / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_shift(const size_t idx) {
         return idx % data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_elements(const size_t size) {
         return (size + data_bits - 1) / data_bits;
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     get_required_size_in_bytes(const size_t size) {
         return get_required_size_in_elements(size) * sizeof(data_type);
     }
 
     static inline proxy_type
-    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline const_proxy_type
-    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_type idx) {
+    get_proxy(const data_type* const __restrict data, const size_t idx) {
         const data_type& element = data[get_element(idx)];
-        const size_type shift = get_shift(idx);
+        const size_t shift = get_shift(idx);
         return const_proxy_type{element, shift};
     }
 
     static inline data_type
     op_read(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type nbits) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t nbits) {
         if (nbits == 0) {
             return 0;
         }
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static inline void
     op_write(data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type nbits,
+             const size_t start,
+             const size_t nbits,
              const data_type value) {
         if (nbits == 0) {
             return;
@@ -168,9 +168,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_flip(data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
+    op_flip(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return;
         }
@@ -210,7 +208,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             data[i] = ~data[i];
         }
 
@@ -227,7 +225,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
     }
 
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_and(data_type* const left,
            const data_type* const right,
            const size_t start_left,
@@ -243,7 +241,25 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 });
     }
 
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
+    op_and_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                    const data_type* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        op_func(left,
+                rights,
+                start_left,
+                start_rights,
+                n_rights,
+                size,
+                [](const data_type left_v, const data_type right_v) {
+                    return left_v & right_v;
+                });
+    }
+
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_or(data_type* const left,
           const data_type* const right,
           const size_t start_left,
@@ -259,8 +275,26 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 });
     }
 
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
+    op_or_multiple(data_type* const left,
+                   const data_type* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        op_func(left,
+                rights,
+                start_left,
+                start_rights,
+                n_rights,
+                size,
+                [](const data_type left_v, const data_type right_v) {
+                    return left_v | right_v;
+                });
+    }
+
     static inline data_type
-    get_shift_mask_begin(const size_type shift) {
+    get_shift_mask_begin(const size_t shift) {
         // 0 -> 0b00000000
         // 1 -> 0b00000001
         // 2 -> 0b00000011
@@ -272,7 +306,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     static inline data_type
-    get_shift_mask_end(const size_type shift) {
+    get_shift_mask_end(const size_t shift) {
         // 0 -> 0b11111111
         // 1 -> 0b11111110
         // 2 -> 0b11111100
@@ -280,21 +314,17 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_type start, const size_type size) {
+    op_set(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         op_fill(data, start, size, true);
     }
 
     static inline void
-    op_reset(data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
+    op_reset(data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         op_fill(data, start, size, false);
     }
 
     static inline bool
-    op_all(const data_type* const data,
-           const size_type start,
-           const size_type size) {
+    op_all(const data_type* const data, const size_t start, const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return true;
         }
@@ -328,7 +358,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             if (data[i] != data_type(-1)) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -350,8 +380,8 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static inline bool
     op_none(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return true;
         }
@@ -385,7 +415,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             if (data[i] != data_type(0)) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -407,27 +437,27 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static void
     op_copy(const data_type* const src,
-            const size_type start_src,
+            const size_t start_src,
             data_type* const dst,
-            const size_type start_dst,
-            const size_type size) {
+            const size_t start_dst,
+            const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return;
         }
 
         // process big blocks
-        const size_type size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
+        const size_t size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
 
         if ((start_src % data_bits) == 0) {
             if ((start_dst % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // plain memcpy
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type src_v = src[(start_src + i) / data_bits];
                     dst[(start_dst + i) / data_bits] = src_v;
                 }
             } else {
                 // easier read
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type src_v = src[(start_src + i) / data_bits];
                     op_write(dst, start_dst + i, data_bits, src_v);
                 }
@@ -435,14 +465,14 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         } else {
             if ((start_dst % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // easier write
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type src_v =
                         op_read(src, start_src + i, data_bits);
                     dst[(start_dst + i) / data_bits] = src_v;
                 }
             } else {
                 // general case
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type src_v =
                         op_read(src, start_src + i, data_bits);
                     op_write(dst, start_dst + i, data_bits, src_v);
@@ -460,8 +490,8 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     static void
     op_fill(data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
             const bool value) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return;
@@ -503,7 +533,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             data[i] = new_v;
         }
 
@@ -519,15 +549,15 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
     }
 
-    static inline size_type
+    static inline size_t
     op_count(const data_type* const data,
-             const size_type start,
-             const size_type size) {
+             const size_t start,
+             const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return 0;
         }
 
-        size_type count = 0;
+        size_t count = 0;
 
         auto start_element = get_element(start);
         const auto end_element = get_element(start + size);
@@ -557,7 +587,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             count += PopCountHelper<data_type>::count(data[i]);
         }
 
@@ -576,24 +606,23 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     static inline bool
     op_eq(const data_type* const left,
           const data_type* const right,
-          const size_type start_left,
-          const size_type start_right,
-          const size_type size) {
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return true;
         }
 
         // process big chunks
-        const size_type size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
+        const size_t size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
 
         if ((start_left % data_bits) == 0) {
             if ((start_right % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // plain "memcpy"
-                size_type start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
-                size_type start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
+                size_t start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
+                size_t start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     const data_type left_v = left[start_left_idx + j];
                     const data_type right_v = right[start_right_idx + j];
                     if (left_v != right_v) {
@@ -602,10 +631,9 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 }
             } else {
                 // easier left
-                size_type start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
+                size_t start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     const data_type left_v = left[start_left_idx + j];
                     const data_type right_v =
                         op_read(right, start_right + i, data_bits);
@@ -617,10 +645,9 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         } else {
             if ((start_right % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // easier right
-                size_type start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
+                size_t start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     const data_type left_v =
                         op_read(left, start_left + i, data_bits);
                     const data_type right_v = right[start_right_idx + j];
@@ -630,7 +657,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 }
             } else {
                 // general case
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type left_v =
                         op_read(left, start_left + i, data_bits);
                     const data_type right_v =
@@ -656,7 +683,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         return true;
     }
 
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_xor(data_type* const left,
            const data_type* const right,
            const size_t start_left,
@@ -672,7 +699,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 });
     }
 
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_sub(data_type* const left,
            const data_type* const right,
            const size_t start_left,
@@ -689,11 +716,11 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     }
 
     //
-    static inline std::optional<size_type>
+    static inline std::optional<size_t>
     op_find(const data_type* const data,
-            const size_type start,
-            const size_type size,
-            const size_type starting_idx) {
+            const size_t start,
+            const size_t size,
+            const size_t starting_idx) {
         if (size == 0) {
             return std::nullopt;
         }
@@ -705,7 +732,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         const auto start_shift = get_shift(start + starting_idx);
         const auto end_shift = get_shift(start + size);
 
-        size_type extra_offset = 0;
+        size_t extra_offset = 0;
 
         // same element?
         if (start_element == end_element) {
@@ -717,7 +744,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
             const data_type value = existing_v & existing_mask;
             if (value != 0) {
                 const auto ctz = CtzHelper<data_type>::ctz(value);
-                return size_type(ctz) + start_element * data_bits - start;
+                return size_t(ctz) + start_element * data_bits - start;
             } else {
                 return std::nullopt;
             }
@@ -732,7 +759,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
             if (value != 0) {
                 const auto ctz = CtzHelper<data_type>::ctz(value) +
                                  start_element * data_bits - start;
-                return size_type(ctz);
+                return size_t(ctz);
             }
 
             start_element += 1;
@@ -740,11 +767,11 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process the middle
-        for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+        for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
             const data_type value = data[i];
             if (value != 0) {
                 const auto ctz = CtzHelper<data_type>::ctz(value);
-                return size_type(ctz) + i * data_bits - start;
+                return size_t(ctz) + i * data_bits - start;
             }
         }
 
@@ -756,7 +783,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
             const data_type value = existing_v & existing_mask;
             if (value != 0) {
                 const auto ctz = CtzHelper<data_type>::ctz(value);
-                return size_type(ctz) + end_element * data_bits - start;
+                return size_t(ctz) + end_element * data_bits - start;
             }
         }
 
@@ -767,11 +794,11 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, typename U, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                      const size_type start,
+                      const size_t start,
                       const T* const __restrict t,
                       const U* const __restrict u,
-                      const size_type size) {
-        op_func(data, start, size, [t, u](const size_type bit_idx) {
+                      const size_t size) {
+        op_func(data, start, size, [t, u](const size_t bit_idx) {
             return CompareOperator<Op>::compare(t[bit_idx], u[bit_idx]);
         });
     }
@@ -780,11 +807,11 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, CompareOpType Op>
     static inline void
     op_compare_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                   const size_type start,
+                   const size_t start,
                    const T* const __restrict t,
-                   const size_type size,
+                   const size_t size,
                    const T& value) {
-        op_func(data, start, size, [t, value](const size_type bit_idx) {
+        op_func(data, start, size, [t, value](const size_t bit_idx) {
             return CompareOperator<Op>::compare(t[bit_idx], value);
         });
     }
@@ -793,13 +820,13 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_column(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                           const size_type start,
+                           const size_t start,
                            const T* const __restrict lower,
                            const T* const __restrict upper,
                            const T* const __restrict values,
-                           const size_type size) {
+                           const size_t size) {
         op_func(
-            data, start, size, [lower, upper, values](const size_type bit_idx) {
+            data, start, size, [lower, upper, values](const size_t bit_idx) {
                 return RangeOperator<Op>::within_range(
                     lower[bit_idx], upper[bit_idx], values[bit_idx]);
             });
@@ -809,13 +836,13 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, RangeType Op>
     static inline void
     op_within_range_val(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                        const size_type start,
+                        const size_t start,
                         const T& lower,
                         const T& upper,
                         const T* const __restrict values,
-                        const size_type size) {
+                        const size_t size) {
         op_func(
-            data, start, size, [lower, upper, values](const size_type bit_idx) {
+            data, start, size, [lower, upper, values](const size_t bit_idx) {
                 return RangeOperator<Op>::within_range(
                     lower, upper, values[bit_idx]);
             });
@@ -825,15 +852,15 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static inline void
     op_arith_compare(data_type* const __restrict data,
-                     const size_type start,
+                     const size_t start,
                      const T* const __restrict src,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& right_operand,
                      const ArithHighPrecisionType<T>& value,
-                     const size_type size) {
+                     const size_t size) {
         op_func(data,
                 start,
                 size,
-                [src, right_operand, value](const size_type bit_idx) {
+                [src, right_operand, value](const size_t bit_idx) {
                     return ArithCompareOperator<AOp, CmpOp>::compare(
                         src[bit_idx], right_operand, value);
                 });
@@ -889,7 +916,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
     // data_type Func(const data_type left_v, const data_type right_v);
     template <typename Func>
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_func(data_type* const left,
             const data_type* const right,
             const size_t start_left,
@@ -901,16 +928,15 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
 
         // process big blocks
-        const size_type size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
+        const size_t size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
         if ((start_left % data_bits) == 0) {
             if ((start_right % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // plain "memcpy".
                 // A compiler auto-vectorization is expected.
-                size_type start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
-                size_type start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
+                size_t start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
+                size_t start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     data_type& left_v = left[start_left_idx + j];
                     const data_type right_v = right[start_right_idx + j];
 
@@ -919,10 +945,9 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 }
             } else {
                 // easier read
-                size_type start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
+                size_t start_right_idx = start_right / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     const data_type left_v =
                         op_read(left, start_left + i, data_bits);
                     const data_type right_v = right[start_right_idx + j];
@@ -934,10 +959,9 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         } else {
             if ((start_right % data_bits) == 0) {
                 // easier write
-                size_type start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
+                size_t start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
 
-                for (size_type i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
-                     i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
                     data_type& left_v = left[start_left_idx + j];
                     const data_type right_v =
                         op_read(right, start_right + i, data_bits);
@@ -947,14 +971,14 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
                 }
             } else {
                 // general case
-                for (size_type i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
                     const data_type left_v =
                         op_read(left, start_left + i, data_bits);
                     const data_type right_v =
                         op_read(right, start_right + i, data_bits);
 
                     const data_type result_v = func(left_v, right_v);
-                    op_write(left, start_right + i, data_bits, result_v);
+                    op_write(left, start_left + i, data_bits, result_v);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -971,11 +995,145 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         }
     }
 
-    // bool Func(const size_type bit_idx);
+    // data_type Func(const data_type left_v, const data_type right_v);
     template <typename Func>
-    static inline void
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
+    op_func(data_type* const left,
+            const data_type* const* const rights,
+            const size_t start_left,
+            const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+            const size_t n_rights,
+            const size_t size,
+            Func func) {
+        if (size == 0 || n_rights == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (n_rights == 1) {
+            op_func<Func>(
+                left, rights[0], start_left, start_rights[0], size, func);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // process big blocks
+        const size_t size_b = (size / data_bits) * data_bits;
+
+        // check a specific case
+        bool all_aligned = true;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n_rights; i++) {
+            if (start_rights[i] % data_bits != 0) {
+                all_aligned = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // all are aligned
+        if (all_aligned) {
+            MaybeVector<const data_type*> tmp(n_rights);
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < n_rights; i++) {
+                tmp[i] = rights[i] + (start_rights[i] / data_bits);
+            }
+
+            // plain "memcpy".
+            // A compiler auto-vectorization is expected.
+            const size_t start_left_idx = start_left / data_bits;
+            data_type* left_ptr = left + start_left_idx;
+
+            auto unrolled = [left_ptr, &tmp, func, size_b](const size_t count) {
+                for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                    data_type& left_v = left_ptr[j];
+                    data_type value = left_v;
+
+                    for (size_t k = 0; k < count; k++) {
+                        const data_type right_v = tmp[k][j];
+
+                        value = func(value, right_v);
+                    }
+
+                    left_v = value;
+                }
+            };
+
+            switch (n_rights) {
+                // case 1: unrolled(1); break;
+                case 2:
+                    unrolled(2);
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    unrolled(3);
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    unrolled(4);
+                    break;
+                case 5:
+                    unrolled(5);
+                    break;
+                case 6:
+                    unrolled(6);
+                    break;
+                case 7:
+                    unrolled(7);
+                    break;
+                case 8:
+                    unrolled(8);
+                    break;
+                default: {
+                    for (size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < size_b;
+                         i += data_bits, j += 1) {
+                        data_type& left_v = left_ptr[j];
+                        data_type value = left_v;
+
+                        for (size_t k = 0; k < n_rights; k++) {
+                            const data_type right_v = tmp[k][j];
+
+                            value = func(value, right_v);
+                        }
+
+                        left_v = value;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+        } else {
+            // general case. Unoptimized.
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < size_b; i += data_bits) {
+                const data_type left_v =
+                    op_read(left, start_left + i, data_bits);
+
+                data_type value = left_v;
+                for (size_t k = 0; k < n_rights; k++) {
+                    const data_type right_v =
+                        op_read(rights[k], start_rights[k] + i, data_bits);
+
+                    value = func(value, right_v);
+                }
+
+                op_write(left, start_left + i, data_bits, value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // process leftovers
+        if (size_b != size) {
+            const data_type left_v =
+                op_read(left, start_left + size_b, size - size_b);
+
+            data_type value = left_v;
+            for (size_t k = 0; k < n_rights; k++) {
+                const data_type right_v =
+                    op_read(rights[k], start_rights[k] + size_b, size - size_b);
+
+                value = func(value, right_v);
+            }
+
+            op_write(left, start_left + size_b, size - size_b, value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // bool Func(const size_t bit_idx);
+    template <typename Func>
+    static BITSET_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void
     op_func(data_type* const __restrict data,
-            const size_type start,
+            const size_t start,
             const size_t size,
             Func func) {
         if (size == 0) {
@@ -990,7 +1148,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
         if (start_element == end_element) {
             data_type bits = 0;
-            for (size_type j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < size; j++) {
                 const bool bit = func(j);
                 // // a curious example where the compiler does not optimize the code properly
                 // bits |= (bit ? (data_type(1) << j) : 0);
@@ -1008,10 +1166,10 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
         // process the first element
         if (start_shift != 0) {
-            const size_type n_bits = data_bits - start_shift;
+            const size_t n_bits = data_bits - start_shift;
 
             data_type bits = 0;
-            for (size_type j = 0; j < n_bits; j++) {
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < n_bits; j++) {
                 const bool bit = func(j);
                 bits |= (data_type(bit ? 1 : 0) << j);
             }
@@ -1025,9 +1183,9 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
 
         // process the middle
         {
-            for (size_type i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
+            for (size_t i = start_element; i < end_element; i++) {
                 data_type bits = 0;
-                for (size_type j = 0; j < data_bits; j++) {
+                for (size_t j = 0; j < data_bits; j++) {
                     const bool bit = func(ptr_offset + j);
                     bits |= (data_type(bit ? 1 : 0) << j);
                 }
@@ -1040,7 +1198,7 @@ struct ElementWiseBitsetPolicy {
         // process the last element
         if (end_shift != 0) {
             data_type bits = 0;
-            for (size_type j = 0; j < end_shift; j++) {
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < end_shift; j++) {
                 const bool bit = func(ptr_offset + j);
                 bits |= (data_type(bit ? 1 : 0) << j);
             }
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/maybe_vector.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/maybe_vector.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b9770971f20d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/maybe_vector.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Licensed to the LF AI & Data foundation under one
+// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace milvus {
+namespace bitset {
+namespace detail {
+
+// A structure that allocates an array of elements.
+// No ownership is implied.
+// If the number of elements is small,
+//     then an allocation will be done on the stack.
+// If the number of elements is large,
+//     then an allocation will be done on the heap.
+template <typename T>
+struct MaybeVector {
+ public:
+    static_assert(std::is_scalar_v<T>);
+
+    static constexpr size_t num_array_elements = 64;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<T[]> maybe_memory;
+    std::array<T, num_array_elements> maybe_array;
+
+    MaybeVector(const size_t n_elements) {
+        m_size = n_elements;
+
+        if (n_elements < num_array_elements) {
+            m_data = maybe_array.data();
+        } else {
+            maybe_memory = std::make_unique<T[]>(m_size);
+            m_data = maybe_memory.get();
+        }
+    }
+
+    MaybeVector(const MaybeVector&) = delete;
+    MaybeVector(MaybeVector&&) = delete;
+    MaybeVector&
+    operator=(const MaybeVector&) = delete;
+    MaybeVector&
+    operator=(MaybeVector&&) = delete;
+
+    inline size_t
+    size() const {
+        return m_size;
+    }
+    inline T*
+    data() {
+        return m_data;
+    }
+    inline const T*
+    data() const {
+        return m_data;
+    }
+
+    inline T&
+    operator[](const size_t idx) {
+        return m_data[idx];
+    }
+    inline const T&
+    operator[](const size_t idx) const {
+        return m_data[idx];
+    }
+
+ private:
+    size_t m_size = 0;
+
+    T* m_data = nullptr;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+}  // namespace bitset
+}  // namespace milvus
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-decl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-decl.h
index c92bb37c0fc45..ca0dd20fef734 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-decl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-decl.h
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ namespace neon {
     FUNC(float);              \
     FUNC(double);
 
+// a facility to run through all acceptable forward types
+#define ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);                \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // the default implementation does nothing
@@ -192,7 +197,122 @@ ALL_DATATYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE)
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+// forward ops
+template <typename ElementT>
+struct ForwardOpsImpl {
+    static inline bool
+    op_and(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                    const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or(ElementT* const left,
+          const ElementT* const right,
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS(ELEMENTTYPE)                     \
+    template <>                                                      \
+    struct ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE> {                             \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                     \
+                        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,      \
+                        const size_t start_left,                     \
+                        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights, \
+                        const size_t n_rights,                       \
+                        const size_t size);                          \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                               \
+              const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                        \
+              const size_t start_left,                               \
+              const size_t start_right,                              \
+              const size_t size);                                    \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                      \
+                       const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,       \
+                       const size_t start_left,                      \
+                       const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,  \
+                       const size_t n_rights,                        \
+                       const size_t size);                           \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+    };
+
+ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS)
+
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 #undef ALL_DATATYPES_1
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1
 
 }  // namespace neon
 }  // namespace arm
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-impl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-impl.h
index 0547665d9f6ce..b8423272dc048 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-impl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon-impl.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "neon-decl.h"
 
 #include "bitset/common.h"
+#include "bitset/detail/element_wise.h"
 
 namespace milvus {
 namespace bitset {
@@ -1810,6 +1811,151 @@ OpArithCompareImpl<double, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare(
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// forward ops
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or(uint8_t* const left,
+                               const uint8_t* const right,
+                               const size_t start_left,
+                               const size_t start_right,
+                               const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_xor(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_sub(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or(uint64_t* const left,
+                                const uint64_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_xor(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_sub(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 }  // namespace neon
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon.h
index 004547506e405..4fdd6688b672e 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/neon.h
@@ -55,6 +55,30 @@ struct VectorizedNeon {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static constexpr inline auto op_arith_compare =
         neon::OpArithCompareImpl<T, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and_multiple =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or_multiple =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_xor =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_xor;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_sub =
+        neon::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_sub;
 };
 
 }  // namespace arm
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-decl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-decl.h
index f563041e15054..b1a346d1e6d65 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-decl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-decl.h
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ namespace sve {
     FUNC(float);              \
     FUNC(double);
 
+// a facility to run through all acceptable forward types
+#define ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);                \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // the default implementation does nothing
@@ -192,7 +197,122 @@ ALL_DATATYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE)
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+// forward ops
+template <typename ElementT>
+struct ForwardOpsImpl {
+    static inline bool
+    op_and(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                    const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or(ElementT* const left,
+          const ElementT* const right,
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS(ELEMENTTYPE)                     \
+    template <>                                                      \
+    struct ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE> {                             \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                     \
+                        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,      \
+                        const size_t start_left,                     \
+                        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights, \
+                        const size_t n_rights,                       \
+                        const size_t size);                          \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                               \
+              const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                        \
+              const size_t start_left,                               \
+              const size_t start_right,                              \
+              const size_t size);                                    \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                      \
+                       const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,       \
+                       const size_t start_left,                      \
+                       const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,  \
+                       const size_t n_rights,                        \
+                       const size_t size);                           \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+    };
+
+ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS)
+
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 #undef ALL_DATATYPES_1
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1
 
 }  // namespace sve
 }  // namespace arm
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-impl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-impl.h
index dfc84f2824d8a..c5cd456659445 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-impl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve-impl.h
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@
 #include "sve-decl.h"
 
 #include "bitset/common.h"
-
-// #include <stdio.h>
+#include "bitset/detail/element_wise.h"
 
 namespace milvus {
 namespace bitset {
@@ -1623,6 +1622,151 @@ OpArithCompareImpl<double, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare(
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// forward ops
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or(uint8_t* const left,
+                               const uint8_t* const right,
+                               const size_t start_left,
+                               const size_t start_right,
+                               const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_xor(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_sub(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or(uint64_t* const left,
+                                const uint64_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_xor(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_sub(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 }  // namespace sve
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve.h
index 615431373dcf2..7144d2ed094ee 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/arm/sve.h
@@ -55,6 +55,30 @@ struct VectorizedSve {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static constexpr inline auto op_arith_compare =
         sve::OpArithCompareImpl<T, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and_multiple =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or_multiple =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_xor =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_xor;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_sub =
+        sve::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_sub;
 };
 
 }  // namespace arm
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.cpp b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.cpp
index 8341dede55de5..1e78428ff998b 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.cpp
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.cpp
@@ -88,6 +88,11 @@ using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::arm;
     FUNC(__VA_ARGS__, Mod, LT);      \
     FUNC(__VA_ARGS__, Mod, NE);
 
+// a facility to run through all possible forward ElementT
+#define ALL_FORWARD_OPS(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);            \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 //
 namespace milvus {
 namespace bitset {
@@ -235,6 +240,7 @@ ALL_RANGE_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_IMPL, float)
 ALL_RANGE_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_IMPL, double)
 
 #undef DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_IMPL
+
 }  // namespace dynamic
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -282,6 +288,8 @@ ALL_RANGE_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_IMPL, int64_t)
 ALL_RANGE_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_IMPL, float)
 ALL_RANGE_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_IMPL, double)
 
+#undef DISPATCH_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_IMPL
+
 }  // namespace dynamic
 
 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -332,6 +340,108 @@ ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_ARITH_COMPARE, int64_t)
 ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_ARITH_COMPARE, float)
 ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(DISPATCH_OP_ARITH_COMPARE, double)
 
+#undef DISPATCH_OP_ARITH_COMPARE
+
+}  // namespace dynamic
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// forward_ops
+
+template <typename ElementT>
+using ForwardOpsOp2 = bool (*)(ElementT* const left,
+                               const ElementT* const right,
+                               const size_t start_left,
+                               const size_t start_right,
+                               const size_t size);
+
+template <typename ElementT>
+using ForwardOpsOpMultiple2 =
+    bool (*)(ElementT* const left,
+             const ElementT* const* const rights,
+             const size_t start_left,
+             const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+             const size_t n_rights,
+             const size_t size);
+
+#define DECLARE_FORWARD_OPS_OP2(ELEMENTTYPE)                                   \
+    ForwardOpsOp2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE =                  \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_and<ELEMENTTYPE>;                   \
+    ForwardOpsOpMultiple2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE = \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_and_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    ForwardOpsOp2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE =                   \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_or<ELEMENTTYPE>;                    \
+    ForwardOpsOpMultiple2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =  \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_or_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;           \
+    ForwardOpsOp2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE =                  \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_xor<ELEMENTTYPE>;                   \
+    ForwardOpsOp2<ELEMENTTYPE> forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE =                  \
+        VectorizedRef::template forward_op_sub<ELEMENTTYPE>;
+
+ALL_FORWARD_OPS(DECLARE_FORWARD_OPS_OP2)
+
+#undef DECLARE_FORWARD_OPS_OP2
+
+//
+namespace dynamic {
+
+#define DISPATCH_FORWARD_OPS_OP_AND(ELEMENTTYPE)                             \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,        \
+                                             const ELEMENTTYPE* const right, \
+                                             const size_t start_left,        \
+                                             const size_t start_right,       \
+                                             const size_t size) {            \
+        return forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE(                                 \
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);                     \
+    }                                                                        \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_and_multiple(                       \
+        ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                                             \
+        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,                              \
+        const size_t start_left,                                             \
+        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,                         \
+        const size_t n_rights,                                               \
+        const size_t size) {                                                 \
+        return forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE(                        \
+            left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);         \
+    }                                                                        \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,         \
+                                            const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,  \
+                                            const size_t start_left,         \
+                                            const size_t start_right,        \
+                                            const size_t size) {             \
+        return forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE(                                  \
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);                     \
+    }                                                                        \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_or_multiple(                        \
+        ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                                             \
+        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,                              \
+        const size_t start_left,                                             \
+        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,                         \
+        const size_t n_rights,                                               \
+        const size_t size) {                                                 \
+        return forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE(                         \
+            left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);         \
+    }                                                                        \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,        \
+                                             const ELEMENTTYPE* const right, \
+                                             const size_t start_left,        \
+                                             const size_t start_right,       \
+                                             const size_t size) {            \
+        return forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE(                                 \
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);                     \
+    }                                                                        \
+    bool ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE>::op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,        \
+                                             const ELEMENTTYPE* const right, \
+                                             const size_t start_left,        \
+                                             const size_t start_right,       \
+                                             const size_t size) {            \
+        return forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE(                                 \
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);                     \
+    }
+
+ALL_FORWARD_OPS(DISPATCH_FORWARD_OPS_OP_AND)
+
+#undef DISPATCH_FORWARD_OPS_OP_AND
+
 }  // namespace dynamic
 
 }  // namespace detail
@@ -402,11 +512,28 @@ init_dynamic_hook() {
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX512, float)
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX512, double)
 
+#define SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX512(ELEMENTTYPE)                              \
+    forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                       \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_and<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                              \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_and_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>; \
+    forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                        \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_or<ELEMENTTYPE>;           \
+    forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                               \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_or_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;  \
+    forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                       \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_xor<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                       \
+        VectorizedAvx512::template forward_op_sub<ELEMENTTYPE>;
+
+        ALL_FORWARD_OPS(SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX512)
+
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_COLUMN_AVX512
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_VAL_AVX512
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_AVX512
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_AVX512
 #undef SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX512
+#undef SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX512
 
         return;
     }
@@ -467,11 +594,28 @@ init_dynamic_hook() {
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX2, float)
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX2, double)
 
+#define SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX2(ELEMENTTYPE)                              \
+    forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_and<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                            \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_and_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>; \
+    forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                      \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_or<ELEMENTTYPE>;           \
+    forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                             \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_or_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;  \
+    forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_xor<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedAvx2::template forward_op_sub<ELEMENTTYPE>;
+
+        ALL_FORWARD_OPS(SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX2)
+
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_COLUMN_AVX2
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_VAL_AVX2
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_AVX2
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_AVX2
 #undef SET_ARITH_COMPARE_AVX2
+#undef SET_FORWARD_OPS_AVX2
 
         return;
     }
@@ -535,15 +679,33 @@ init_dynamic_hook() {
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_SVE, float)
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_SVE, double)
 
+#define SET_FORWARD_OPS_SVE(ELEMENTTYPE)                              \
+    forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                    \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_and<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                           \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_and_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>; \
+    forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_or<ELEMENTTYPE>;           \
+    forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                            \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_or_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;  \
+    forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                    \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_xor<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                    \
+        VectorizedSve::template forward_op_sub<ELEMENTTYPE>;
+
+        ALL_FORWARD_OPS(SET_FORWARD_OPS_SVE)
+
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_COLUMN_SVE
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_VAL_SVE
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_SVE
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_SVE
 #undef SET_ARITH_COMPARE_SVE
+#undef SET_FORWARD_OPS_SVE
 
         return;
     }
 #endif
+
     // neon ?
     {
 #define SET_OP_COMPARE_COLUMN_NEON(TTYPE, UTYPE, OP)              \
@@ -600,11 +762,28 @@ init_dynamic_hook() {
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_NEON, float)
         ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS(SET_ARITH_COMPARE_NEON, double)
 
+#define SET_FORWARD_OPS_NEON(ELEMENTTYPE)                              \
+    forward_op_and_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_and<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_and_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                            \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_and_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>; \
+    forward_op_or_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                      \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_or<ELEMENTTYPE>;           \
+    forward_op_or_multiple_##ELEMENTTYPE =                             \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_or_multiple<ELEMENTTYPE>;  \
+    forward_op_xor_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_xor<ELEMENTTYPE>;          \
+    forward_op_sub_##ELEMENTTYPE =                                     \
+        VectorizedNeon::template forward_op_sub<ELEMENTTYPE>;
+
+        ALL_FORWARD_OPS(SET_FORWARD_OPS_NEON)
+
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_COLUMN_NEON
 #undef SET_OP_COMPARE_VAL_NEON
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_COLUMN_NEON
 #undef SET_OP_WITHIN_RANGE_VAL_NEON
 #undef SET_ARITH_COMPARE_NEON
+#undef SET_FORWARD_OPS_NEON
 
         return;
     }
@@ -616,6 +795,7 @@ init_dynamic_hook() {
 #undef ALL_COMPARE_OPS
 #undef ALL_RANGE_OPS
 #undef ALL_ARITH_CMP_OPS
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_OPS
 
 //
 static int init_dynamic_ = []() {
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.h
index 3a050a5e83aac..6d638392bb2ce 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/dynamic.h
@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ namespace dynamic {
     FUNC(float);              \
     FUNC(double);
 
+// a facility to run through all acceptable forward types
+#define ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);                \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // the default implementation
 template <typename T, typename U, CompareOpType Op>
@@ -176,11 +181,125 @@ struct OpArithCompareImpl {
 
 ALL_DATATYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE)
 
-//
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// the default implementation
+template <typename ElementT>
+struct ForwardOpsImpl {
+    static inline bool
+    op_and(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                    const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or(ElementT* const left,
+          const ElementT* const right,
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS(ELEMENTTYPE)                     \
+    template <>                                                      \
+    struct ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE> {                             \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                     \
+                        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,      \
+                        const size_t start_left,                     \
+                        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights, \
+                        const size_t n_rights,                       \
+                        const size_t size);                          \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                               \
+              const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                        \
+              const size_t start_left,                               \
+              const size_t start_right,                              \
+              const size_t size);                                    \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                      \
+                       const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,       \
+                       const size_t start_left,                      \
+                       const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,  \
+                       const size_t n_rights,                        \
+                       const size_t size);                           \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+    };
+
+ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS)
+
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 #undef ALL_DATATYPES_1
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1
 
 }  // namespace dynamic
 
@@ -248,6 +367,77 @@ struct VectorizedDynamic {
         return dynamic::OpArithCompareImpl<T, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare(
             bitmask, src, right_operand, value, size);
     }
+
+    // The following functions just forward parameters to the reference code,
+    //   generated for a particular platform.
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_and(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and(
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                            const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                            const size_t start_left,
+                            const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                            const size_t n_rights,
+                            const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and_multiple(
+            left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_or(ElementT* const left,
+                  const ElementT* const right,
+                  const size_t start_left,
+                  const size_t start_right,
+                  const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or(
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                           const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                           const size_t start_left,
+                           const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                           const size_t n_rights,
+                           const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or_multiple(
+            left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_xor(
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return dynamic::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_sub(
+            left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    }
 };
 
 }  // namespace detail
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/vectorized_ref.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/vectorized_ref.h
index 20da65406f1f1..39041f84f7c24 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/vectorized_ref.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/vectorized_ref.h
@@ -27,9 +27,13 @@ namespace bitset {
 namespace detail {
 
 // The default reference vectorizer.
-// Its every function returns a boolean value whether a vectorized implementation
+// Functions return a boolean value whether a vectorized implementation
 //   exists and was invoked. If not, then the caller code will use a default
 //   non-vectorized implementation.
+// Certain functions just forward the parameters to the platform code. Basically,
+//   sometimes compiler can do a good job on its own, we just need to make sure
+//   that it uses available appropriate hardware instructions. No specialized
+//   implementation is used under the hood.
 // The default vectorizer provides no vectorized implementation, forcing the
 //   caller to use a defaut non-vectorized implementation every time.
 struct VectorizedRef {
@@ -88,6 +92,72 @@ struct VectorizedRef {
                      const size_t size) {
         return false;
     }
+
+    // The following functions just forward parameters to the reference code,
+    //   generated for a particular platform.
+    // The reference 'platform' is just a default platform.
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_and(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                            const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                            const size_t start_left,
+                            const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                            const size_t n_rights,
+                            const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_or(ElementT* const left,
+                  const ElementT* const right,
+                  const size_t start_left,
+                  const size_t start_right,
+                  const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                           const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                           const size_t start_left,
+                           const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                           const size_t n_rights,
+                           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static inline bool
+    forward_op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const right,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t start_right,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
 };
 
 }  // namespace detail
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-decl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-decl.h
index cdac2b9713f31..97811eef6d0c9 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-decl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-decl.h
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ namespace avx2 {
     FUNC(float);              \
     FUNC(double);
 
+// a facility to run through all acceptable forward types
+#define ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);                \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // the default implementation does nothing
@@ -192,7 +197,122 @@ ALL_DATATYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE)
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+// forward ops
+template <typename ElementT>
+struct ForwardOpsImpl {
+    static inline bool
+    op_and(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                    const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or(ElementT* const left,
+          const ElementT* const right,
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS(ELEMENTTYPE)                     \
+    template <>                                                      \
+    struct ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE> {                             \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                     \
+                        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,      \
+                        const size_t start_left,                     \
+                        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights, \
+                        const size_t n_rights,                       \
+                        const size_t size);                          \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                               \
+              const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                        \
+              const size_t start_left,                               \
+              const size_t start_right,                              \
+              const size_t size);                                    \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                      \
+                       const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,       \
+                       const size_t start_left,                      \
+                       const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,  \
+                       const size_t n_rights,                        \
+                       const size_t size);                           \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+    };
+
+ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS)
+
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 #undef ALL_DATATYPES_1
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1
 
 }  // namespace avx2
 }  // namespace x86
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-impl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-impl.h
index 3b74749d2a637..51af01047a379 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-impl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2-impl.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "avx2-decl.h"
 
 #include "bitset/common.h"
+#include "bitset/detail/element_wise.h"
 #include "common.h"
 
 namespace milvus {
@@ -1649,6 +1650,151 @@ OpArithCompareImpl<double, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare(
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// forward ops
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or(uint8_t* const left,
+                               const uint8_t* const right,
+                               const size_t start_left,
+                               const size_t start_right,
+                               const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_xor(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_sub(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or(uint64_t* const left,
+                                const uint64_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_xor(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_sub(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 }  // namespace avx2
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2.h
index 711b9f2b8f513..8cd398eba7151 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx2.h
@@ -55,6 +55,30 @@ struct VectorizedAvx2 {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static constexpr inline auto op_arith_compare =
         avx2::OpArithCompareImpl<T, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and_multiple =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or_multiple =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_xor =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_xor;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_sub =
+        avx2::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_sub;
 };
 
 }  // namespace x86
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-decl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-decl.h
index 3ad5173cda370..df3a5f110cda0 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-decl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-decl.h
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ namespace avx512 {
     FUNC(float);              \
     FUNC(double);
 
+// a facility to run through all acceptable forward types
+#define ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(FUNC) \
+    FUNC(uint8_t);                \
+    FUNC(uint64_t);
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // the default implementation does nothing
@@ -192,7 +197,122 @@ ALL_DATATYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_OP_ARITH_COMPARE)
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+// forward ops
+template <typename ElementT>
+struct ForwardOpsImpl {
+    static inline bool
+    op_and(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_and_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                    const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                    const size_t start_left,
+                    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                    const size_t n_rights,
+                    const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or(ElementT* const left,
+          const ElementT* const right,
+          const size_t start_left,
+          const size_t start_right,
+          const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_or_multiple(ElementT* const left,
+                   const ElementT* const* const rights,
+                   const size_t start_left,
+                   const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+                   const size_t n_rights,
+                   const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_xor(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    static inline bool
+    op_sub(ElementT* const left,
+           const ElementT* const right,
+           const size_t start_left,
+           const size_t start_right,
+           const size_t size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+#define DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS(ELEMENTTYPE)                     \
+    template <>                                                      \
+    struct ForwardOpsImpl<ELEMENTTYPE> {                             \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_and_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                     \
+                        const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,      \
+                        const size_t start_left,                     \
+                        const size_t* const __restrict start_rights, \
+                        const size_t n_rights,                       \
+                        const size_t size);                          \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                               \
+              const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                        \
+              const size_t start_left,                               \
+              const size_t start_right,                              \
+              const size_t size);                                    \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_or_multiple(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                      \
+                       const ELEMENTTYPE* const* const rights,       \
+                       const size_t start_left,                      \
+                       const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,  \
+                       const size_t n_rights,                        \
+                       const size_t size);                           \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_sub(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+                                                                     \
+        static bool                                                  \
+        op_xor(ELEMENTTYPE* const left,                              \
+               const ELEMENTTYPE* const right,                       \
+               const size_t start_left,                              \
+               const size_t start_right,                             \
+               const size_t size);                                   \
+    };
+
+ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1(DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS)
+
+#undef DECLARE_PARTIAL_FORWARD_OPS
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 #undef ALL_DATATYPES_1
+#undef ALL_FORWARD_TYPES_1
 
 }  // namespace avx512
 }  // namespace x86
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-impl.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-impl.h
index b460d257ecda6..ca78585e1b12b 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-impl.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512-impl.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "avx512-decl.h"
 
 #include "bitset/common.h"
+#include "bitset/detail/element_wise.h"
 #include "common.h"
 
 namespace milvus {
@@ -1451,6 +1452,151 @@ OpArithCompareImpl<double, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare(
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// forward ops
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or(uint8_t* const left,
+                               const uint8_t* const right,
+                               const size_t start_left,
+                               const size_t start_right,
+                               const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint8_t* const left,
+    const uint8_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_xor(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint8_t>::op_sub(uint8_t* const left,
+                                const uint8_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint8_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+//
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_and_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or(uint64_t* const left,
+                                const uint64_t* const right,
+                                const size_t start_left,
+                                const size_t start_right,
+                                const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+    uint64_t* const left,
+    const uint64_t* const* const rights,
+    const size_t start_left,
+    const size_t* const __restrict start_rights,
+    const size_t n_rights,
+    const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_or_multiple(
+        left, rights, start_left, start_rights, n_rights, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_xor(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_xor(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+ForwardOpsImpl<uint64_t>::op_sub(uint64_t* const left,
+                                 const uint64_t* const right,
+                                 const size_t start_left,
+                                 const size_t start_right,
+                                 const size_t size) {
+    ElementWiseBitsetPolicy<uint64_t>::op_sub(
+        left, right, start_left, start_right, size);
+    return true;
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 }  // namespace avx512
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512.h
index 2582efd7c3800..836e65a771ae7 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/platform/x86/avx512.h
@@ -55,6 +55,30 @@ struct VectorizedAvx512 {
     template <typename T, ArithOpType AOp, CompareOpType CmpOp>
     static constexpr inline auto op_arith_compare =
         avx512::OpArithCompareImpl<T, AOp, CmpOp>::op_arith_compare;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_and_multiple =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_and_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_or_multiple =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_or_multiple;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_xor =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_xor;
+
+    template <typename ElementT>
+    static constexpr inline auto forward_op_sub =
+        avx512::ForwardOpsImpl<ElementT>::op_sub;
 };
 
 }  // namespace x86
diff --git a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/proxy.h b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/proxy.h
index efcdc0994e571..82e0922a55ad6 100644
--- a/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/proxy.h
+++ b/internal/core/src/bitset/detail/proxy.h
@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ namespace detail {
 template <typename PolicyT>
 struct ConstProxy {
     using policy_type = PolicyT;
-    using size_type = typename policy_type::size_type;
     using data_type = typename policy_type::data_type;
     using self_type = ConstProxy;
 
     const data_type& element;
     data_type mask;
 
-    inline ConstProxy(const data_type& _element, const size_type _shift)
+    inline ConstProxy(const data_type& _element, const size_t _shift)
         : element{_element} {
         mask = (data_type(1) << _shift);
     }
 
-    inline operator bool() const {
+    inline
+    operator bool() const {
         return ((element & mask) != 0);
     }
     inline bool
@@ -47,19 +47,18 @@ struct ConstProxy {
 template <typename PolicyT>
 struct Proxy {
     using policy_type = PolicyT;
-    using size_type = typename policy_type::size_type;
     using data_type = typename policy_type::data_type;
     using self_type = Proxy;
 
     data_type& element;
     data_type mask;
 
-    inline Proxy(data_type& _element, const size_type _shift)
-        : element{_element} {
+    inline Proxy(data_type& _element, const size_t _shift) : element{_element} {
         mask = (data_type(1) << _shift);
     }
 
-    inline operator bool() const {
+    inline
+    operator bool() const {
         return ((element & mask) != 0);
     }
     inline bool
diff --git a/internal/core/unittest/test_bitset.cpp b/internal/core/unittest/test_bitset.cpp
index a5f93a9f83c85..dd21d05781bef 100644
--- a/internal/core/unittest/test_bitset.cpp
+++ b/internal/core/unittest/test_bitset.cpp
@@ -257,6 +257,22 @@ using Ttypes1 = ::testing::Types<
 #endif
     >;
 
+// combinations to run
+using Ttypes0 = ::testing::Types<
+#if FULL_TESTS == 1
+    std::tuple<uint8_t, uint8_t>,
+#endif
+
+    std::tuple<uint64_t, uint8_t>
+
+#if FULL_TESTS == 1
+    ,
+    std::tuple<uint8_t, uint64_t>,
+
+    std::tuple<uint64_t, uint64_t>
+#endif
+    >;
+
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 struct StopWatch {
@@ -1660,6 +1676,445 @@ TEST(CountElement, f) {
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+enum class TestInplaceOp { AND, OR, XOR, SUB };
+
+//
+template <typename BitsetT>
+void
+TestInplaceOpImpl(BitsetT& bitset, BitsetT& bitset_2, const TestInplaceOp op) {
+    const size_t n = bitset.size();
+    const size_t max_v = 3;
+
+    std::default_random_engine rng(123);
+    std::uniform_int_distribution<int8_t> u(0, max_v);
+
+    // populate first bitset
+    std::vector<bool> ref_bitset(n, false);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        bool enabled = (u(rng) == 0);
+
+        ref_bitset[i] = enabled;
+        bitset[i] = enabled;
+    }
+
+    // populate second bitset
+    std::vector<bool> ref_bitset_2(n, false);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        bool enabled = (u(rng) == 0);
+
+        ref_bitset_2[i] = enabled;
+        bitset_2[i] = enabled;
+    }
+
+    // evaluate
+    StopWatch sw;
+    if (op == TestInplaceOp::AND) {
+        bitset.inplace_and(bitset_2, n);
+    } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::OR) {
+        bitset.inplace_or(bitset_2, n);
+    } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::XOR) {
+        bitset.inplace_xor(bitset_2, n);
+    } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::SUB) {
+        bitset.inplace_sub(bitset_2, n);
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(false) << "Not implemented";
+    }
+
+    if (print_timing) {
+        printf("elapsed %f\n", sw.elapsed());
+    }
+
+    // validate
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        if (op == TestInplaceOp::AND) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], ref_bitset[i] & ref_bitset_2[i]);
+        } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::OR) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], ref_bitset[i] | ref_bitset_2[i]);
+        } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::XOR) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], ref_bitset[i] ^ ref_bitset_2[i]);
+        } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::SUB) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], ref_bitset[i] & (~ref_bitset_2[i]));
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(false) << "Not implemented";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename BitsetT>
+void
+TestInplaceOpImpl() {
+    const auto inplace_ops = {TestInplaceOp::AND,
+                              TestInplaceOp::OR,
+                              TestInplaceOp::XOR,
+                              TestInplaceOp::SUB};
+
+    for (const size_t n : typical_sizes) {
+        for (const auto op : inplace_ops) {
+            BitsetT bitset(n);
+            bitset.reset();
+            BitsetT bitset_2(n);
+            bitset_2.reset();
+
+            if (print_log) {
+                printf("Testing bitset, n=%zd, op=%zd\n", n, (size_t)op);
+            }
+
+            TestInplaceOpImpl<BitsetT>(bitset, bitset_2, op);
+
+            for (const size_t offset : typical_offsets) {
+                if (offset >= n) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                bitset.reset();
+                auto view = bitset.view(offset);
+                bitset_2.reset();
+                auto view_2 = bitset_2.view(offset);
+
+                if (print_log) {
+                    printf("Testing bitset view, n=%zd, offset=%zd, op=%zd\n",
+                           n,
+                           offset,
+                           (size_t)op);
+                }
+
+                TestInplaceOpImpl<decltype(view)>(view, view_2, op);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//
+template <typename T>
+class InplaceOpSuite : public ::testing::Test {};
+
+TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpSuite);
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, BitWise) {
+    using impl_traits = RefImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                      std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, ElementWise) {
+    using impl_traits = ElementImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                          std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, Avx2) {
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::x86;
+
+    if (cpu_support_avx2()) {
+        using impl_traits =
+            VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                 std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                                 milvus::bitset::detail::x86::VectorizedAvx2>;
+        TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, Avx512) {
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::x86;
+
+    if (cpu_support_avx512()) {
+        using impl_traits =
+            VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                 std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                                 milvus::bitset::detail::x86::VectorizedAvx512>;
+        TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, Neon) {
+#if defined(__aarch64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::arm;
+
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::arm::VectorizedNeon>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, Sve) {
+#if defined(__aarch64__) && defined(__ARM_FEATURE_SVE)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::arm;
+
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::arm::VectorizedSve>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, Dynamic) {
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::VectorizedDynamic>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpSuite, VecRef) {
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::VectorizedRef>;
+    TestInplaceOpImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+//
+REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpSuite,
+                            BitWise,
+                            ElementWise,
+                            Avx2,
+                            Avx512,
+                            Neon,
+                            Sve,
+                            Dynamic,
+                            VecRef);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpTest, InplaceOpSuite, Ttypes0);
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+//
+template <typename BitsetT>
+void
+TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl(BitsetT& bitset,
+                          std::vector<BitsetT>& bitset_others,
+                          const TestInplaceOp op) {
+    const size_t n = bitset.size();
+    const size_t n_others = bitset_others.size();
+    const size_t max_v = 3;
+
+    std::default_random_engine rng(123);
+    std::uniform_int_distribution<int8_t> u(0, max_v);
+
+    // populate first bitset
+    std::vector<bool> ref_bitset(n, false);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        bool enabled = (u(rng) == 0);
+
+        ref_bitset[i] = enabled;
+        bitset[i] = enabled;
+    }
+
+    // populate others
+    std::vector<std::vector<bool>> ref_others;
+    for (size_t j = 0; j < n_others; j++) {
+        std::vector<bool> ref_other(n, false);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            bool enabled = (u(rng) == 0);
+
+            ref_other[i] = enabled;
+            bitset_others[j][i] = enabled;
+        }
+
+        ref_others.push_back(std::move(ref_other));
+    }
+
+    // evaluate
+    StopWatch sw;
+    if (op == TestInplaceOp::AND) {
+        bitset.inplace_and(bitset_others.data(), n_others, n);
+    } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::OR) {
+        bitset.inplace_or(bitset_others.data(), n_others, n);
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(false) << "Not implemented";
+    }
+
+    if (print_timing) {
+        printf("elapsed %f\n", sw.elapsed());
+    }
+
+    // validate
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        if (op == TestInplaceOp::AND) {
+            bool b = ref_bitset[i];
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < n_others; j++) {
+                b &= ref_others[j][i];
+            }
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], b);
+        } else if (op == TestInplaceOp::OR) {
+            bool b = ref_bitset[i];
+            for (size_t j = 0; j < n_others; j++) {
+                b |= ref_others[j][i];
+            }
+            ASSERT_EQ(bitset[i], b);
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(false) << "Not implemented";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename BitsetT>
+void
+TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl() {
+    const auto inplace_ops = {TestInplaceOp::AND, TestInplaceOp::OR};
+
+    for (const size_t n : typical_sizes) {
+        for (const size_t n_ngb : {1, 2, 4, 8}) {
+            for (const auto op : inplace_ops) {
+                BitsetT bitset(n);
+                bitset.reset();
+
+                std::vector<BitsetT> bitset_others;
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < n_ngb; i++) {
+                    BitsetT bitset_other(n);
+                    bitset_other.reset();
+
+                    bitset_others.push_back(std::move(bitset_other));
+                }
+
+                if (print_log) {
+                    printf("Testing bitset, n=%zd, op=%zd\n", n, (size_t)op);
+                }
+
+                TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<BitsetT>(bitset, bitset_others, op);
+
+                for (const size_t offset : typical_offsets) {
+                    if (offset >= n) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    bitset.reset();
+                    auto view = bitset.view(offset);
+
+                    std::vector<typename BitsetT::view_type> view_others;
+                    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_ngb; i++) {
+                        bitset_others[i].reset();
+                        auto view_other = bitset_others[i].view(offset);
+
+                        view_others.push_back(std::move(view_other));
+                    }
+
+                    if (print_log) {
+                        printf(
+                            "Testing bitset view, n=%zd, offset=%zd, op=%zd\n",
+                            n,
+                            offset,
+                            (size_t)op);
+                    }
+
+                    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<decltype(view)>(
+                        view, view_others, op);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+//
+template <typename T>
+class InplaceOpMultipleSuite : public ::testing::Test {};
+
+TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite);
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, BitWise) {
+    using impl_traits = RefImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                      std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, ElementWise) {
+    using impl_traits = ElementImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                          std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, Avx2) {
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::x86;
+
+    if (cpu_support_avx2()) {
+        using impl_traits =
+            VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                 std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                                 milvus::bitset::detail::x86::VectorizedAvx2>;
+        TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, Avx512) {
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::x86;
+
+    if (cpu_support_avx512()) {
+        using impl_traits =
+            VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                                 std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                                 milvus::bitset::detail::x86::VectorizedAvx512>;
+        TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, Neon) {
+#if defined(__aarch64__)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::arm;
+
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::arm::VectorizedNeon>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, Sve) {
+#if defined(__aarch64__) && defined(__ARM_FEATURE_SVE)
+    using namespace milvus::bitset::detail::arm;
+
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::arm::VectorizedSve>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+#endif
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, Dynamic) {
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::VectorizedDynamic>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite, VecRef) {
+    using impl_traits =
+        VectorizedImplTraits<std::tuple_element_t<0, TypeParam>,
+                             std::tuple_element_t<1, TypeParam>,
+                             milvus::bitset::detail::VectorizedRef>;
+    TestInplaceOpMultipleImpl<typename impl_traits::bitset_type>();
+}
+
+//
+REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpMultipleSuite,
+                            BitWise,
+                            ElementWise,
+                            Avx2,
+                            Avx512,
+                            Neon,
+                            Sve,
+                            Dynamic,
+                            VecRef);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(InplaceOpMultipleTest,
+                               InplaceOpMultipleSuite,
+                               Ttypes0);
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 int
 main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);