diff --git a/_tasks/download_frame_metadata.ts b/_tasks/download_frame_metadata.ts
index ef0600d8e..d2db63db7 100755
--- a/_tasks/download_frame_metadata.ts
+++ b/_tasks/download_frame_metadata.ts
@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ const outDir = path.join(Deno.cwd(), "frame_metadata", "_downloaded");
 await fs.emptyDir(outDir);
 await Promise.all(
   Object.entries({
-    acala: known.ACALA_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    kusama: known.KUSAMA_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    moonbeam: known.MOONBEAM_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    polkadot: known.POLKADOT_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    statemint: known.STATEMINT_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    subsocial: known.SUBSOCIAL_PROXY_WS_URL,
-    westend: known.WESTEND_PROXY_WS_URL,
-  }).map(async ([name, url]) => {
-    const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon([url]));
+    acala: known.acalaBeacon,
+    kusama: known.kusamaBeacon,
+    moonbeam: known.moonbeamBeacon,
+    polkadot: known.polkadotBeacon,
+    statemint: known.statemintBeacon,
+    subsocial: known.subsocialBeacon,
+    westend: known.westendBeacon,
+  }).map(async ([name, beacon]) => {
+    const client = await rpc.client(beacon);
     assert(!(client instanceof Error));
     try {
       const metadata = await client.call("state_getMetadata", []);
diff --git a/effect/std/metadata.ts b/effect/std/metadata.ts
index 3330fbb16..800ce9a3f 100644
--- a/effect/std/metadata.ts
+++ b/effect/std/metadata.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import { rpcCall } from "./rpcCall.ts";
 
 export const metadata = effector(
   "metadata",
-  (rpc: EffectorItem<rpc.AnyClient>, blockHash?: EffectorItem<U.HashHexString>) => {
+  (rpc: EffectorItem<any>, blockHash?: EffectorItem<U.HashHexString>) => {
     const rpcCall_ = rpcCall(rpc, "state_getMetadata", blockHash);
     const result = select(rpcCall_, "result");
     return metadataDecoded(result);
diff --git a/effect/std/pallet.ts b/effect/std/pallet.ts
index 8477fe82e..03365c80a 100644
--- a/effect/std/pallet.ts
+++ b/effect/std/pallet.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ export interface Pallet {
 export const pallet = effector.sync(
   "pallet",
   () =>
-    (rpc: AnyClient, name: string): Pallet => ({
+    (rpc: any, name: string): Pallet => ({
       rpc,
       name,
     }),
diff --git a/examples/balance.ts b/examples/balance.ts
index 28ddc4ba0..302dc1705 100755
--- a/examples/balance.ts
+++ b/examples/balance.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { polkadotBeacon } from "../known/mod.ts";
 import * as C from "../mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(polkadotBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(polkadotBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
 const ss58 = C.ss58FromText("13SceNt2ELz3ti4rnQbY1snpYH4XE4fLFsW8ph9rpwJd6HFC");
 const pubKey = C.pubKeyFromSs58(ss58);
diff --git a/examples/events.ts b/examples/events.ts
index 822a12c92..b9c36a52a 100644
--- a/examples/events.ts
+++ b/examples/events.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { westendBeacon } from "../known/mod.ts";
 import * as C from "../mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(westendBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(westendBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
 const $pallet = C.pallet(client, "System");
 const $entry = C.entry($pallet, "Events");
diff --git a/examples/first_ten_keys.ts b/examples/first_ten_keys.ts
index fade367f7..75441b018 100644
--- a/examples/first_ten_keys.ts
+++ b/examples/first_ten_keys.ts
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ import { polkadotBeacon } from "../known/mod.ts";
 import * as C from "../mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(polkadotBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(polkadotBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
+client;
 const pallet = C.pallet(client, "System");
 const map = C.map(pallet, "Account");
 const result = await C.mapKeys(map, 10).run();
diff --git a/examples/metadata.ts b/examples/metadata.ts
index 6b2f8bda6..0c237da9e 100644
--- a/examples/metadata.ts
+++ b/examples/metadata.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { polkadotBeacon } from "../known/mod.ts";
 import * as C from "../mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(polkadotBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(polkadotBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
 const $metadata = C.metadata(client);
 const result = await $metadata.run();
diff --git a/examples/rpc/call.ts b/examples/rpc/call.ts
index 228f6e5ad..edb6134b5 100755
--- a/examples/rpc/call.ts
+++ b/examples/rpc/call.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { assert } from "../../_deps/asserts.ts";
 import { polkadotBeacon } from "../../known/mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(polkadotBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(polkadotBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
 const result = await client.call("state_getMetadata", []);
 console.log(result);
diff --git a/examples/rpc/subscription.ts b/examples/rpc/subscription.ts
index 2a2bab6da..a4ace029e 100755
--- a/examples/rpc/subscription.ts
+++ b/examples/rpc/subscription.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { assert } from "../../_deps/asserts.ts";
 import { polkadotBeacon } from "../../known/mod.ts";
 import * as rpc from "../../rpc/mod.ts";
 
-const client = await rpc.client(rpc.beacon(polkadotBeacon));
+const client = await rpc.client(polkadotBeacon);
 assert(!(client instanceof Error));
 const stop = await client.subscribe("chain_subscribeAllHeads", [], (message) => {
   console.log(message.params.result);
diff --git a/examples/transfer.ts b/examples/transfer.ts
index 3863ed667..9129221f9 100644
--- a/examples/transfer.ts
+++ b/examples/transfer.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
 import * as U from "../util/mod.ts";
 
 const [client, sr25519, hashers] = await Promise.all([
-  rpc.client(rpc.beacon(westendBeacon)),
+  rpc.client(westendBeacon),
   Sr25519(),
   Hashers(),
 ]);
diff --git a/known/beacons.ts b/known/beacons.ts
index 235b9f2c7..215819bd8 100644
--- a/known/beacons.ts
+++ b/known/beacons.ts
@@ -1,28 +1,13 @@
-import { EnsureLookup } from "../util/types.ts";
-import { LOOKUP } from "./generated.ts";
-
-export type EnsureKnownLookup<
-  T,
-  L extends { [N in keyof LOOKUP]: T },
-> = EnsureLookup<keyof LOOKUP, T, L>;
-
-export const ACALA_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://acala-polkadot.api.onfinality.io/public-ws";
-export const acalaBeacon = [ACALA_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const KUSAMA_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://kusama-rpc.polkadot.io";
-export const kusamaBeacon = [KUSAMA_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const MOONBEAM_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://wss.api.moonbeam.network";
-export const moonbeamBeacon = [MOONBEAM_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const POLKADOT_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://rpc.polkadot.io";
-export const polkadotBeacon = [POLKADOT_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const STATEMINT_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://statemint-rpc.polkadot.io";
-export const statemintBeacon = [STATEMINT_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const SUBSOCIAL_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://para.subsocial.network";
-export const subsocialBeacon = [SUBSOCIAL_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
-
-export const WESTEND_PROXY_WS_URL = "wss://westend-rpc.polkadot.io";
-export const westendBeacon = [WESTEND_PROXY_WS_URL] as const;
+import { beacon } from "../rpc/mod.ts";
+import { KnownRpcMethods } from "./methods.ts";
+
+// TODO: swap out `KnownRpcMethods` with narrowed lookups
+export const acalaBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>(
+  "wss://acala-polkadot.api.onfinality.io/public-ws",
+);
+export const kusamaBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://kusama-rpc.polkadot.io");
+export const moonbeamBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://wss.api.moonbeam.network");
+export const polkadotBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://rpc.polkadot.io");
+export const statemintBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://statemint-rpc.polkadot.io");
+export const subsocialBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://para.subsocial.network");
+export const westendBeacon = beacon<KnownRpcMethods>("wss://westend-rpc.polkadot.io");
diff --git a/known/mod.ts b/known/mod.ts
index 318743f02..4ba8185c6 100644
--- a/known/mod.ts
+++ b/known/mod.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,3 @@
-import { Branded } from "../util/mod.ts";
-
-// TODO: narrowly type the template literal of `ProxyWsUrlBeacon`
-declare const _proxyWsUrl: unique symbol;
-export type ProxyWsUrl = Branded<`wss://${string}`, typeof _proxyWsUrl>;
-
-// TODO: use branded type to represent validated chain spec string
-declare const _chainSpec: unique symbol;
-export type ChainSpec = Branded<string, typeof _proxyWsUrl>;
-
-export type Beacon = ProxyWsUrl | ChainSpec;
-
 export * from "./beacons.ts";
 export * from "./generated.ts";
 export * from "./methods.ts";
diff --git a/rpc/Base.ts b/rpc/Base.ts
index 6356ef08f..fb0276ca9 100644
--- a/rpc/Base.ts
+++ b/rpc/Base.ts
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ export type Subscription<NotificationResult = any> = { [_N]: NotificationResult
 
 export interface ClientProps<
   M extends AnyMethods,
-  Beacon,
+  DiscoveryValue,
   ParsedError extends Error,
 > {
-  beacon: Beacon;
+  discoveryValue: DiscoveryValue;
   hooks?: {
     send?: (message: InitMessage<M>) => void;
     receive?: (message: IngressMessage<M>) => void;
@@ -51,7 +51,17 @@ export abstract class Client<
    *
    * @param egressMessage the message you wish to send to the RPC server
    */
-  abstract send: (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>) => void;
+  send = (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>): void => {
+    this.props.hooks?.send?.(egressMessage);
+    this._send(egressMessage);
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * The provider-specific send implementation
+   *
+   * @param egressMessage the message you wish to send to the RPC server
+   */
+  abstract _send: (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>) => void;
 
   /**
    * Parse messages returned from the RPC server (this includes RPC server errors)
diff --git a/rpc/Beacon.ts b/rpc/Beacon.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9694e06e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rpc/Beacon.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as rpc from "../rpc/mod.ts";
+
+export type DiscoveryValues = [string, ...string[]];
+
+declare const _M: unique symbol;
+
+export class Beacon<M extends rpc.AnyMethods> {
+  declare [_M]: M;
+  discoveryValues;
+
+  constructor(...discoveryValues: DiscoveryValues) {
+    this.discoveryValues = discoveryValues;
+  }
+}
+export function beacon<M extends rpc.AnyMethods>(...discoveryValues: DiscoveryValues): Beacon<M> {
+  return new Beacon(...discoveryValues);
+}
diff --git a/rpc/auto.ts b/rpc/auto.ts
index 60841ff55..3c6716018 100644
--- a/rpc/auto.ts
+++ b/rpc/auto.ts
@@ -1,51 +1,35 @@
-import { ErrorCtor } from "../util/mod.ts";
+import { ErrorCtor, isWsUrl } from "../util/mod.ts";
 import { AnyMethods } from "./Base.ts";
+import { Beacon } from "./Beacon.ts";
 import { FailedToAddChainError, FailedToStartSmoldotError, SmoldotClient } from "./smoldot.ts";
 import { FailedToOpenConnectionError, ProxyWsUrlClient } from "./ws.ts";
 
-type DiscoveryValues = readonly [string, ...string[]];
-// TODO: replace with better branded types
-type Beacon<M extends AnyMethods> = DiscoveryValues & { _beacon: { supported: M } };
-export function beacon<Supported extends AnyMethods>(
-  discoveryValues: DiscoveryValues,
-): Beacon<Supported> {
-  return discoveryValues as Beacon<Supported>;
-}
-
-// TODO: use branded beacon types instead of string
-// TODO: dyn import smoldot and provider if chain spec is provided
-// TODO: handle retry
-// TODO: narrow to `[string, ...string[]]`
-export async function client<M extends AnyMethods>(beacon: Beacon<M>): Promise<
+export async function client<M extends AnyMethods>(
+  beacon: Beacon<M>,
+  currentDiscoveryValueI = 0,
+): Promise<
   | SmoldotClient<M>
   | ProxyWsUrlClient<M>
   | FailedToOpenConnectionError
   | FailedToStartSmoldotError
   | FailedToAddChainError
-  | AllBeaconsErroredError
+  | BeaconFailedError
 > {
-  const [e0, ...rest] = beacon;
-  const result = await (async () => {
-    if (isWsUrl(e0)) {
-      return ProxyWsUrlClient.open({ beacon: e0 });
-    } else {
-      return SmoldotClient.open({ beacon: e0 });
-    }
-  })();
-  if (result instanceof Error) {
-    if (rest.length > 0) {
-      return await client(rest as unknown as Beacon<M>);
+  const currentDiscoveryValue = beacon.discoveryValues[currentDiscoveryValueI];
+  if (currentDiscoveryValue) {
+    const result = await (async () => {
+      if (isWsUrl(currentDiscoveryValue)) {
+        return ProxyWsUrlClient.open<M>({ discoveryValue: currentDiscoveryValue });
+      } else {
+        return SmoldotClient.open<M>({ discoveryValue: currentDiscoveryValue });
+      }
+    })();
+    if (result instanceof Error) {
+      return await client(beacon, currentDiscoveryValueI + 1);
     }
-    return new AllBeaconsErroredError();
+    return result;
   }
-  // TODO: fix
-  return result as any;
-}
-
-// TODO: validate chain spec as well
-// TODO: better validation
-function isWsUrl(inQuestion: string): boolean {
-  return inQuestion.startsWith("wss://");
+  return new BeaconFailedError();
 }
 
-export class AllBeaconsErroredError extends ErrorCtor("AllBeaconsErrored") {}
+export class BeaconFailedError extends ErrorCtor("AllBeaconsErrored") {}
diff --git a/rpc/mod.ts b/rpc/mod.ts
index 39e30315a..de12a3dc7 100644
--- a/rpc/mod.ts
+++ b/rpc/mod.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ export type AnyClient = ProxyWsUrlClient<AnyMethods> | SmoldotClient<AnyMethods>
 
 export * from "./auto.ts";
 export * from "./Base.ts";
+export * from "./Beacon.ts";
 export * from "./messages.ts";
 export * from "./smoldot.ts";
 export * from "./ws.ts";
diff --git a/rpc/smoldot.ts b/rpc/smoldot.ts
index ba67f73db..f986e12e9 100644
--- a/rpc/smoldot.ts
+++ b/rpc/smoldot.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export class SmoldotClient<M extends B.AnyMethods>
       const client = new SmoldotClient(props);
       // TODO: wire up `onError`
       client.#chain = await inner.addChain({
-        chainSpec: props.beacon,
+        chainSpec: props.discoveryValue,
         jsonRpcCallback: client.onMessage,
       });
       return client;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export class SmoldotClient<M extends B.AnyMethods>
     }
   };
 
-  send = (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>): void => {
+  _send = (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>): void => {
     this.#chain?.sendJsonRpc(JSON.stringify(egressMessage));
   };
 
diff --git a/rpc/ws.ts b/rpc/ws.ts
index 23d2c8226..71dd556fc 100644
--- a/rpc/ws.ts
+++ b/rpc/ws.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export class ProxyWsUrlClient<M extends B.AnyMethods>
     props: B.ClientProps<M, string, WebSocketInternalError>,
   ): Promise<ProxyWsUrlClient<M> | FailedToOpenConnectionError> => {
     const client = new ProxyWsUrlClient(props);
-    const ws = new WebSocket(props.beacon);
+    const ws = new WebSocket(props.discoveryValue);
     client.#ws = ws;
     ws.addEventListener("error", client.onError);
     ws.addEventListener("message", client.onMessage);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export class ProxyWsUrlClient<M extends B.AnyMethods>
     return pending;
   };
 
-  send = (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>): void => {
+  _send = (egressMessage: InitMessage<M>): void => {
     this.#ws?.send(JSON.stringify(egressMessage));
   };
 
diff --git a/util/discovery_value_validation.ts b/util/discovery_value_validation.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98ca8ec34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/util/discovery_value_validation.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// TODO: validate chain spec as well
+// TODO: better ws validation
+
+export function isWsUrl(inQuestion: string): boolean {
+  return inQuestion.startsWith("wss://");
+}
diff --git a/util/load_env.ts b/util/loadEnv.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from util/load_env.ts
rename to util/loadEnv.ts
diff --git a/util/mod.ts b/util/mod.ts
index d8357b93e..71d4eca2e 100644
--- a/util/mod.ts
+++ b/util/mod.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 export * from "./branded.ts";
+export * from "./discovery_value_validation.ts";
 export * from "./ErrorCtor.ts";
 export * from "./fn.ts";
 export * as hex from "./hex.ts";
-export * from "./load_env.ts";
 export * from "./types.ts";