diff --git a/docs/rules.md b/docs/rules.md
index 858827e3..87eb3bf2 100644
--- a/docs/rules.md
+++ b/docs/rules.md
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ Below is a complete list of rules that Repolinter can run, along with their conf
   - [`license-detectable-by-licensee`](#license-detectable-by-licensee)
   - [`best-practices-badge-present`](#best-practices-badge-present)
   - [`any-file-contents`](#any-file-contents)
+  - [`file-or-directory-existence`](#file-or-directory-existence)
 
 ## Reference
 
@@ -218,3 +219,13 @@ Checks if the contents of at least one file in a given list match a given regula
 | `flags`                  | No       | `string`   | `""`                                | The flags to use for the regular expression in `content` (ex. `"i"` for case insensitivity).                                                                                                                                     |
 | `human-readable-content` | No       | `string`   | The regular expression in `content` | The string to print instead of the regular expression when generating human-readable output.                                                                                                                                     |
 | `fail-on-non-existent`      | No       | `boolean`  | `false`                             | Set to `true` to disable passing if no files are found from `globsAll`.                                                                                                                                                          |
+
+### `file-or-directory-existence`
+
+Checks the existence of a given file OR directory.
+
+| Input          | Required | Type       | Default | Description                                                                                        |
+| -------------- | -------- | ---------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `globsAny`     | **Yes**  | `string[]` |         | A list of globs to search for. This rule passes if at least one glob returns a file or directory.  |
+| `nocase`       | No       | `boolean`  | `false` | Set to `true` to perform an case insensitive search.                                               |
+| `fail-message` | No       | `string`   | `""`    | The string to print if file or directory does not exist, used to create human-readable error messages. |
diff --git a/rules/file-or-directory-existence-config.json b/rules/file-or-directory-existence-config.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f12452b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules/file-or-directory-existence-config.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema",
+    "$id": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/todogroup/repolinter/master/rules/file-or-directory-existence-config.json",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "nocase": {
+        "type": "boolean",
+        "default": false
+      },
+      "globsAny": {
+        "type": "array",
+        "items": { "type": "string" }
+      },
+      "fail-message": { "type": "string" }
+    },
+    "oneOf": [
+      { "required": ["globsAny"] }
+    ]
+  }
+  
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rules/file-or-directory-existence.js b/rules/file-or-directory-existence.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6436ce9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules/file-or-directory-existence.js
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright 2017 TODO Group. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+const Result = require('../lib/result')
+
+async function fileOrDirectoryExistence(fs, options) {
+  const fileOrDirectoryExists = await fs.findFirst(
+    options.globsAny,
+    options.nocase
+  )
+
+  const passed = !!fileOrDirectoryExists
+
+  return passed
+    ? new Result(
+        '',
+        [
+          {
+            passed: true,
+            path: fileOrDirectoryExists,
+            message: 'Found file or directory matching the specified patterns'
+          }
+        ],
+        true
+      )
+    : new Result(
+        `${
+          options['fail-message'] !== undefined
+            ? options['fail-message'] + '. '
+            : ''
+        }Did not find a file or directory matching the specified patterns`,
+        options.globsAny.map(f => {
+          return { passed: false, pattern: f }
+        }),
+        false
+      )
+}
+
+module.exports = fileOrDirectoryExistence
diff --git a/rules/rules.js b/rules/rules.js
index 6d9708bf..eeaee352 100644
--- a/rules/rules.js
+++ b/rules/rules.js
@@ -19,5 +19,6 @@ module.exports = [
   'git-working-tree',
   'license-detectable-by-licensee',
   'json-schema-passes',
-  'any-file-contents'
+  'any-file-contents',
+  'file-or-directory-existence'
 ]
diff --git a/rulesets/schema.json b/rulesets/schema.json
index ec95b3b6..b3762fd9 100644
--- a/rulesets/schema.json
+++ b/rulesets/schema.json
@@ -243,6 +243,18 @@
                       }
                     }
                   }
+                },
+                {
+                  "if": {
+                    "properties": { "type": { "const": "file-or-directory-existence" } }
+                  },
+                  "then": {
+                    "properties": {
+                      "options": {
+                        "$ref": "../rules/file-or-directory-existence-config.json"
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
                 }
               ]
             },
diff --git a/tests/rules/file_or_directory_existence_tests.js b/tests/rules/file_or_directory_existence_tests.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7a35b810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rules/file_or_directory_existence_tests.js
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2017 TODO Group. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+const chai = require('chai')
+const path = require('path')
+const FileSystem = require('../../lib/file_system')
+
+const expect = chai.expect
+
+describe('rule', () => {
+  describe('file_or_directory_existence', () => {
+    const fileOrDirectoryExistence = require('../../rules/file-existence')
+    const fs = new FileSystem(path.resolve('./tests/rules'), [])
+
+    it('returns a passed result if both files and directories exist matching the given pattern', async () => {
+      /** @type {any} */
+      const ruleoptsImageFirst = {
+        globsAny: ['image_for_test.png', 'markup_test_files/']
+      }
+
+      const ruleoptsDirFirst = {
+        globsAny: ['markup_test_files/', 'image_for_test.png']
+      }
+
+      const actualImageFirst = await fileOrDirectoryExistence(
+        fs,
+        ruleoptsImageFirst
+      )
+
+      expect(actualImageFirst.passed).to.equal(true)
+      expect(actualImageFirst.targets).to.have.length(1)
+      expect(actualImageFirst.targets[0]).to.deep.include({
+        passed: true,
+        path: 'image_for_test.png'
+      })
+
+      const actualDirFirst = await fileOrDirectoryExistence(
+        fs,
+        ruleoptsDirFirst
+      )
+
+      expect(actualDirFirst.passed).to.equal(true)
+      expect(actualDirFirst.targets).to.have.length(1)
+      expect(actualDirFirst.targets[0]).to.deep.include({
+        passed: true,
+        path: 'markup_test_files/'
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('returns a passed result if only files exist matching the given pattern', async () => {
+      /** @type {any} */
+      const ruleopts = {
+        globsAny: ['markup_test_files_nonexistent/', 'image_for_test.png']
+      }
+
+      const actual = await fileOrDirectoryExistence(fs, ruleopts)
+
+      expect(actual.passed).to.equal(true)
+      expect(actual.targets).to.have.length(1)
+      expect(actual.targets[0]).to.deep.include({
+        passed: true,
+        path: 'image_for_test.png'
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('returns a passed result if only directories exist matching the given pattern', async () => {
+      /** @type {any} */
+      const ruleopts = {
+        globsAny: [
+          'image_for_test_nonexistent.png',
+          'another_nonexistent_image.jpg',
+          'markup_test_files/'
+        ]
+      }
+
+      const actual = await fileOrDirectoryExistence(fs, ruleopts)
+
+      expect(actual.passed).to.equal(true)
+      expect(actual.targets).to.have.length(1)
+      expect(actual.targets[0]).to.deep.include({
+        passed: true,
+        path: 'markup_test_files/'
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('returns a failed result if neither files or directories exist matching the given pattern', async () => {
+      /** @type {any} */
+      const ruleopts = {
+        globsAny: [
+          'image_for_test_nonexistent.png',
+          'a_nonexistent_directory/',
+          'another_nonexistent_image.jpg',
+          'markup_test_files_nonexistent/'
+        ]
+      }
+
+      const actual = await fileOrDirectoryExistence(fs, ruleopts)
+
+      expect(actual.passed).to.equal(false)
+      expect(actual.targets).to.have.length(4)
+      expect(actual.targets[0]).to.deep.include({
+        passed: false,
+        pattern: 'image_for_test_nonexistent.png'
+      })
+    })
+  })
+})