diff --git a/contrib/tiflash-proxy b/contrib/tiflash-proxy
index 7d4e73b43e8..0878b53d78a 160000
--- a/contrib/tiflash-proxy
+++ b/contrib/tiflash-proxy
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 7d4e73b43e8ddf47946378208b6db25df8d4e1e6
+Subproject commit 0878b53d78a787bfaa40b6bcac43bbb950b685c0
diff --git a/dbms/src/Server/Server.cpp b/dbms/src/Server/Server.cpp
index 5011c07c1b8..834a058c69e 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Server/Server.cpp
+++ b/dbms/src/Server/Server.cpp
@@ -872,8 +872,7 @@ int Server::main(const std::vector<std::string> & /*args*/)
         .fn_handle_http_request = HandleHttpRequest,
         .fn_check_http_uri_available = CheckHttpUriAvailable,
         .fn_gc_raw_cpp_ptr = GcRawCppPtr,
-        .fn_gen_batch_read_index_res = GenBatchReadIndexRes,
-        .fn_insert_batch_read_index_resp = InsertBatchReadIndexResp,
+        .fn_set_pb_msg_by_bytes = SetPBMsByBytes,
     };
 
     RaftStoreProxyRunner proxy_runner(RaftStoreProxyRunner::RunRaftStoreProxyParms{&helper, proxy_conf}, log);
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ApplySnapshot.cpp b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ApplySnapshot.cpp
index 9f3b752ebd5..c8bb9ed2739 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ApplySnapshot.cpp
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ApplySnapshot.cpp
@@ -80,14 +80,24 @@ void KVStore::checkAndApplySnapshot(const RegionPtrWrap & new_region, TMTContext
 
     {
         const auto & new_range = new_region->getRange();
-        handleRegionsByRangeOverlap(new_range->comparableKeys(), [&](RegionMap region_map, const KVStoreTaskLock &) {
-            for (const auto & region : region_map)
+        handleRegionsByRangeOverlap(new_range->comparableKeys(), [&](RegionMap region_map, const KVStoreTaskLock & task_lock) {
+            for (const auto & overlapped_region : region_map)
             {
-                if (region.first != region_id)
+                if (overlapped_region.first != region_id)
                 {
-                    throw Exception(std::string(__PRETTY_FUNCTION__) + ": range of region " + std::to_string(region_id)
-                            + " is overlapped with region " + std::to_string(region.first) + ", should not happen",
-                        ErrorCodes::LOGICAL_ERROR);
+                    auto state = getProxyHelper()->getRegionLocalState(overlapped_region.first);
+                    if (state.state() != raft_serverpb::PeerState::Tombstone)
+                    {
+                        throw Exception(std::string(__PRETTY_FUNCTION__) + ": range of region " + std::to_string(region_id)
+                                + " is overlapped with " + std::to_string(overlapped_region.first) + ", state: " + state.ShortDebugString(),
+                            ErrorCodes::LOGICAL_ERROR);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        LOG_INFO(
+                            log, "range of region " << region_id << " is overlapped with `Tombstone` region " << overlapped_region.first);
+                        handleDestroy(overlapped_region.first, tmt, task_lock);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         });
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.cpp b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.cpp
index 687a6137dfa..3774692c502 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.cpp
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.cpp
@@ -240,9 +240,10 @@ EngineStoreApplyRes KVStore::handleWriteRaftCmd(const WriteCmdsView & cmds, UInt
     return res;
 }
 
-void KVStore::handleDestroy(UInt64 region_id, TMTContext & tmt)
+void KVStore::handleDestroy(UInt64 region_id, TMTContext & tmt) { handleDestroy(region_id, tmt, genTaskLock()); }
+
+void KVStore::handleDestroy(UInt64 region_id, TMTContext & tmt, const KVStoreTaskLock & task_lock)
 {
-    auto task_lock = genTaskLock();
     const auto region = getRegion(region_id);
     if (region == nullptr)
     {
@@ -546,7 +547,7 @@ void WaitCheckRegionReady(const TMTContext & tmt, const std::atomic_size_t & ter
             }
         }
         auto read_index_res = tmt.getKVStore()->getProxyHelper()->batchReadIndex(batch_read_index_req, tmt.batchReadIndexTimeout());
-        for (auto && [resp, region_id] : *read_index_res)
+        for (auto && [resp, region_id] : read_index_res)
         {
             bool need_retry = resp.read_index() == 0;
             if (resp.has_region_error())
@@ -558,6 +559,7 @@ void WaitCheckRegionReady(const TMTContext & tmt, const std::atomic_size_t & ter
             if (!need_retry)
             {
                 // if region is able to get latest commit-index from TiKV, we should make it available only after it has caught up.
+                assert(resp.read_index() != 0);
                 regions_to_check.emplace(region_id, resp.read_index());
                 remain_regions.erase(region_id);
             }
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.h b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.h
index 743d1c7eb7d..d6842fc4aa7 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.h
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/KVStore.h
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ class KVStore final : private boost::noncopyable
         raft_cmdpb::AdminCmdType cmd_type, UInt64 curr_region_id, UInt64 index, UInt64 term, TMTContext & tmt);
 
     void persistRegion(const Region & region, const RegionTaskLock & region_task_lock, const char * caller);
+    void handleDestroy(UInt64 region_id, TMTContext & tmt, const KVStoreTaskLock &);
 
 private:
     RegionManager region_manager;
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/LearnerRead.cpp b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/LearnerRead.cpp
index 6b20c061962..0ed4721c3d5 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/LearnerRead.cpp
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/LearnerRead.cpp
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ LearnerReadSnapshot doLearnerRead(const TiDB::TableID table_id, //
             if (auto proxy_helper = kvstore->getProxyHelper(); proxy_helper)
             {
                 auto res = proxy_helper->batchReadIndex(batch_read_index_req, tmt.batchReadIndexTimeout());
-                for (auto && [resp, region_id] : *res)
+                for (auto && [resp, region_id] : res)
                 {
                     batch_read_index_result.emplace(region_id, std::move(resp));
                 }
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.cpp b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.cpp
index b726e5d631b..b33b4a47c01 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.cpp
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,17 @@
 #include <Storages/Transaction/Region.h>
 #include <Storages/Transaction/TMTContext.h>
 
+#include <ext/scope_guard.h>
+
+#define CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF_IMPL(n, a, b, c)                                              \
+    do                                                                                    \
+    {                                                                                     \
+        [[maybe_unused]] bool parse_res_##n = (a).ParseFromArray(b, static_cast<int>(c)); \
+        assert(parse_res_##n);                                                            \
+    } while (false)
+#define CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF_FWD(n, ...) CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF_IMPL(n, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(...) CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF_FWD(__LINE__, __VA_ARGS__)
+
 namespace CurrentMetrics
 {
 extern const Metric RaftNumSnapshotsPendingApply;
@@ -77,9 +88,8 @@ EngineStoreApplyRes HandleAdminRaftCmd(
     {
         raft_cmdpb::AdminRequest request;
         raft_cmdpb::AdminResponse response;
-        request.ParseFromArray(req_buff.data, (int)req_buff.len);
-        response.ParseFromArray(resp_buff.data, (int)resp_buff.len);
-
+        CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(request, req_buff.data, req_buff.len);
+        CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(response, resp_buff.data, resp_buff.len);
         auto & kvstore = server->tmt->getKVStore();
         return kvstore->handleAdminRaftCmd(
             std::move(request), std::move(response), header.region_id, header.index, header.term, *server->tmt);
@@ -193,7 +203,14 @@ void CppStrVec::updateView()
 kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse TiFlashRaftProxyHelper::readIndex(const kvrpcpb::ReadIndexRequest & req) const
 {
     auto res = batchReadIndex({req}, DEFAULT_BATCH_READ_INDEX_TIMEOUT_MS);
-    return std::move(res->at(0).first);
+    return std::move(res.at(0).first);
+}
+
+void InsertBatchReadIndexResp(RawVoidPtr resp, BaseBuffView view, uint64_t region_id)
+{
+    kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse res;
+    CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(res, view.data, view.len);
+    reinterpret_cast<BatchReadIndexRes *>(resp)->emplace_back(std::move(res), region_id);
 }
 
 BatchReadIndexRes TiFlashRaftProxyHelper::batchReadIndex(const std::vector<kvrpcpb::ReadIndexRequest> & req, uint64_t timeout_ms) const
@@ -207,7 +224,9 @@ BatchReadIndexRes TiFlashRaftProxyHelper::batchReadIndex(const std::vector<kvrpc
     CppStrVec data(std::move(req_strs));
     assert(req_strs.empty());
     auto outer_view = data.intoOuterView();
-    BatchReadIndexRes res(reinterpret_cast<BatchReadIndexRes::pointer>(fn_handle_batch_read_index(proxy_ptr, outer_view, timeout_ms)));
+    BatchReadIndexRes res;
+    res.reserve(req.size());
+    fn_handle_batch_read_index(proxy_ptr, outer_view, &res, timeout_ms, InsertBatchReadIndexResp);
     return res;
 }
 
@@ -240,10 +259,19 @@ RawCppPtr PreHandleSnapshot(
     try
     {
         metapb::Region region;
-        region.ParseFromArray(region_buff.data, (int)region_buff.len);
+        CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(region, region_buff.data, region_buff.len);
         auto & tmt = *server->tmt;
         auto & kvstore = tmt.getKVStore();
         auto new_region = kvstore->genRegionPtr(std::move(region), peer_id, index, term);
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        {
+            auto & kvstore = server->tmt->getKVStore();
+            auto state = kvstore->getProxyHelper()->getRegionLocalState(new_region->id());
+            assert(state.state() == raft_serverpb::PeerState::Applying);
+        }
+#endif
+
         switch (kvstore->applyMethod())
         {
             case TiDB::SnapshotApplyMethod::Block:
@@ -320,7 +348,7 @@ void ApplyPreHandledSnapshot(EngineStoreServerWrap * server, RawVoidPtr res, Raw
     }
 }
 
-void GcRawCppPtr(EngineStoreServerWrap *, RawVoidPtr ptr, RawCppPtrType type)
+void GcRawCppPtr(RawVoidPtr ptr, RawCppPtrType type)
 {
     if (ptr)
     {
@@ -354,20 +382,45 @@ const char * IntoEncryptionMethodName(EncryptionMethod method)
     return EncryptionMethodName[static_cast<uint8_t>(method)];
 }
 
-RawVoidPtr GenBatchReadIndexRes(uint64_t cap)
-{
-    auto res = new BatchReadIndexRes::element_type();
-    res->reserve(cap);
-    return res;
-}
+RawCppPtr GenRawCppPtr(RawVoidPtr ptr_, RawCppPtrTypeImpl type_) { return RawCppPtr{ptr_, static_cast<RawCppPtrType>(type_)}; }
 
-void InsertBatchReadIndexResp(RawVoidPtr resp, BaseBuffView view, uint64_t region_id)
+void SetPBMsByBytes(MsgPBType type, RawVoidPtr ptr, BaseBuffView view)
 {
-    kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse res;
-    res.ParseFromArray(view.data, view.len);
-    reinterpret_cast<BatchReadIndexRes::pointer>(resp)->emplace_back(std::move(res), region_id);
+    switch (type)
+    {
+        case MsgPBType::ReadIndexResponse:
+            CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(*reinterpret_cast<kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse *>(ptr), view.data, view.len);
+            break;
+        case MsgPBType::RegionLocalState:
+            CHECK_PARSE_PB_BUFF(*reinterpret_cast<raft_serverpb::RegionLocalState *>(ptr), view.data, view.len);
+            break;
+        default:
+            throw Exception(
+                std::string(__FUNCTION__) + ": meet unknown type " + std::to_string(static_cast<int>(type)), ErrorCodes::LOGICAL_ERROR);
+    }
 }
 
-RawCppPtr GenRawCppPtr(RawVoidPtr ptr_, RawCppPtrTypeImpl type_) { return RawCppPtr{ptr_, static_cast<RawCppPtrType>(type_)}; }
+raft_serverpb::RegionLocalState TiFlashRaftProxyHelper::getRegionLocalState(uint64_t region_id) const
+{
+    assert(this->fn_get_region_local_state);
 
+    raft_serverpb::RegionLocalState state;
+    RawCppStringPtr error_msg_ptr{};
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ delete error_msg_ptr; });
+    auto res = this->fn_get_region_local_state(this->proxy_ptr, region_id, &state, &error_msg_ptr);
+    switch (res)
+    {
+        case KVGetStatus::Ok:
+            break;
+        case KVGetStatus::Error:
+        {
+            throw Exception(std::string(__FUNCTION__) + ": meet internal error: " + *error_msg_ptr, ErrorCodes::LOGICAL_ERROR);
+        }
+        case KVGetStatus::NotFound:
+            // make not found as `Tombstone`
+            state.set_state(raft_serverpb::PeerState::Tombstone);
+            break;
+    }
+    return state;
+}
 } // namespace DB
diff --git a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.h b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.h
index 022b67e9b1e..ed50c35e9ce 100644
--- a/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.h
+++ b/dbms/src/Storages/Transaction/ProxyFFI.h
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ namespace kvrpcpb
 class ReadIndexResponse;
 class ReadIndexRequest;
 } // namespace kvrpcpb
+namespace raft_serverpb
+{
+class RegionLocalState;
+}
 
 namespace DB
 {
@@ -28,8 +32,7 @@ struct EngineStoreServerWrap
     std::atomic<EngineStoreServerStatus> status{EngineStoreServerStatus::Idle};
 };
 
-using BatchReadIndexRes = std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::pair<kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse, uint64_t>>>;
-static_assert(std::is_same_v<BatchReadIndexRes::pointer, BatchReadIndexRes::element_type *>);
+using BatchReadIndexRes = std::vector<std::pair<kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse, uint64_t>>;
 
 struct FileEncryptionInfo;
 
@@ -54,6 +57,7 @@ struct TiFlashRaftProxyHelper : RaftStoreProxyFFIHelper
     FileEncryptionInfo linkFile(const std::string &, const std::string &) const;
     kvrpcpb::ReadIndexResponse readIndex(const kvrpcpb::ReadIndexRequest &) const;
     BatchReadIndexRes batchReadIndex(const std::vector<kvrpcpb::ReadIndexRequest> &, uint64_t) const;
+    raft_serverpb::RegionLocalState getRegionLocalState(uint64_t region_id) const;
 };
 
 extern "C" {
@@ -72,8 +76,8 @@ RawCppPtr PreHandleSnapshot(
 void ApplyPreHandledSnapshot(EngineStoreServerWrap * server, void * res, RawCppPtrType type);
 HttpRequestRes HandleHttpRequest(EngineStoreServerWrap *, BaseBuffView);
 uint8_t CheckHttpUriAvailable(BaseBuffView);
-void GcRawCppPtr(EngineStoreServerWrap *, void * ptr, RawCppPtrType type);
-RawVoidPtr GenBatchReadIndexRes(uint64_t cap);
-void InsertBatchReadIndexResp(RawVoidPtr, BaseBuffView, uint64_t);
+void GcRawCppPtr(void * ptr, RawCppPtrType type);
+void SetPBMsByBytes(MsgPBType type, RawVoidPtr ptr, BaseBuffView view);
 }
+
 } // namespace DB
diff --git a/tests/fullstack-test/sample.test b/tests/fullstack-test/sample.test
index bff1d2f326d..2e575888816 100644
--- a/tests/fullstack-test/sample.test
+++ b/tests/fullstack-test/sample.test
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 mysql> drop table if exists test.t
 
 mysql> create table if not exists test.t(s varchar(256), i int)
-mysql> alter table test.t set tiflash replica 1 location labels 'rack', 'host', 'abc';
 mysql> delete from test.t
 mysql> insert into test.t values('Hello world', 666)
 
+mysql> alter table test.t set tiflash replica 1 location labels 'rack', 'host', 'abc';
+
 func> wait_table test t
 
 mysql> set session tidb_isolation_read_engines='tiflash'; select s, i from test.t
@@ -14,6 +15,16 @@ mysql> set session tidb_isolation_read_engines='tiflash'; select s, i from test.
 | Hello world | 666  |
 +-------------+------+
 
+mysql> insert into test.t values('test', -1)
+
+mysql> set session tidb_isolation_read_engines='tiflash'; select s, i from test.t
++-------------+------+
+| s           | i    |
++-------------+------+
+| Hello world | 666  |
+| test        |  -1  |
++-------------+------+
+
 mysql> delete from test.t
 
 mysql> drop table if exists test.t