Upgrade Python to 3.11

[jaxxstorm]

What happened?

Currently the version of python is 3.9. This is a little outdated.

Example

N/A

Output of pulumi about

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Additional context

No response

Contributing

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[justinvp]

Related to #144. I think we're going to want to do something like that, as upgrading the existing image can potentially break folks, so we try to minimize it as much as possible.

[justinvp]

For Python, we now have images for 3.9 through 3.12 https://hub.docker.com/u/pulumi?page=1&search=pulumi-python. The default image (without suffix) pulumi/pulumi-python still uses 3.9, but we will start updating this and other languages to track the latest stable version of each language in November.

If you're using the pulumi/pulumi image, you can specify the version of Python to use via a .python-version file.

For more details see https://www.pulumi.com/blog/docker-containers.