diff --git a/errors.toml b/errors.toml
index b5d4dafdf0d8..051e1dbe02fe 100644
--- a/errors.toml
+++ b/errors.toml
@@ -761,6 +761,11 @@ error = '''
 the keyspace group id is invalid, %s
 '''
 
+["PD:tso:ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging"]
+error = '''
+the keyspace group %d is merging
+'''
+
 ["PD:tso:ErrKeyspaceGroupNotInitialized"]
 error = '''
 the keyspace group %d isn't initialized
diff --git a/pkg/errs/errno.go b/pkg/errs/errno.go
index d98b5e9dfd03..9fb6548d6747 100644
--- a/pkg/errs/errno.go
+++ b/pkg/errs/errno.go
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ var (
 	ErrKeyspaceGroupNotInitialized      = errors.Normalize("the keyspace group %d isn't initialized", errors.RFCCodeText("PD:tso:ErrKeyspaceGroupNotInitialized"))
 	ErrKeyspaceNotAssigned              = errors.Normalize("the keyspace %d isn't assigned to any keyspace group", errors.RFCCodeText("PD:tso:ErrKeyspaceNotAssigned"))
 	ErrGetMinTS                         = errors.Normalize("get min ts failed, %s", errors.RFCCodeText("PD:tso:ErrGetMinTS"))
+	ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging           = errors.Normalize("the keyspace group %d is merging", errors.RFCCodeText("PD:tso:ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging"))
 )
 
 // member errors
diff --git a/pkg/tso/allocator_manager.go b/pkg/tso/allocator_manager.go
index d6a378704d80..6e67ccf69514 100644
--- a/pkg/tso/allocator_manager.go
+++ b/pkg/tso/allocator_manager.go
@@ -1406,3 +1406,16 @@ func (am *AllocatorManager) GetLeaderAddr() string {
 	}
 	return leaderAddrs[0]
 }
+
+// Construct the timestampOracle path prefix, which is:
+//  1. for the default keyspace group:
+//     "" in /pd/{cluster_id}/timestamp
+//  2. for the non-default keyspace groups:
+//     {group}/gta in /ms/{cluster_id}/tso/{group}/gta/timestamp
+func (am *AllocatorManager) getKeyspaceGroupTSPath(groupID uint32) string {
+	tsPath := ""
+	if am.kgID != mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID {
+		tsPath = path.Join(fmt.Sprintf("%05d", groupID), globalTSOAllocatorEtcdPrefix)
+	}
+	return tsPath
+}
diff --git a/pkg/tso/global_allocator.go b/pkg/tso/global_allocator.go
index 284d7dc316ab..2c715d0cc7ce 100644
--- a/pkg/tso/global_allocator.go
+++ b/pkg/tso/global_allocator.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"path"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -89,16 +88,6 @@ func NewGlobalTSOAllocator(
 	am *AllocatorManager,
 	startGlobalLeaderLoop bool,
 ) Allocator {
-	// Construct the timestampOracle path prefix, which is:
-	// 1. for the default keyspace group:
-	//     "" in /pd/{cluster_id}/timestamp
-	// 2. for the non-default keyspace groups:
-	//     {group}/gta in /ms/{cluster_id}/tso/{group}/gta/timestamp
-	tsPath := ""
-	if am.kgID != mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID {
-		tsPath = path.Join(fmt.Sprintf("%05d", am.kgID), globalTSOAllocatorEtcdPrefix)
-	}
-
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	gta := &GlobalTSOAllocator{
 		ctx:    ctx,
@@ -107,8 +96,7 @@ func NewGlobalTSOAllocator(
 		member: am.member,
 		timestampOracle: &timestampOracle{
 			client:                 am.member.GetLeadership().GetClient(),
-			rootPath:               am.rootPath,
-			tsPath:                 tsPath,
+			tsPath:                 am.getKeyspaceGroupTSPath(am.kgID),
 			storage:                am.storage,
 			saveInterval:           am.saveInterval,
 			updatePhysicalInterval: am.updatePhysicalInterval,
diff --git a/pkg/tso/keyspace_group_manager.go b/pkg/tso/keyspace_group_manager.go
index 1ec3e7ffcc3c..6ed925f971a6 100644
--- a/pkg/tso/keyspace_group_manager.go
+++ b/pkg/tso/keyspace_group_manager.go
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/mcs/discovery"
 	mcsutils "github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/mcs/utils"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/member"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/slice"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/storage/endpoint"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/storage/kv"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/apiutil"
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/logutil"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/memberutil"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/tsoutil"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/typeutil"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/clientv3"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/mvcc/mvccpb"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -50,6 +52,9 @@ const (
 	keyspaceGroupsElectionPath = mcsutils.KeyspaceGroupsKey + "/election"
 	// primaryKey is the key for keyspace group primary election.
 	primaryKey = "primary"
+	// mergingCheckInterval is the interval for merging check to see if the keyspace groups
+	// merging process could be moved forward.
+	mergingCheckInterval = 5 * time.Second
 )
 
 type state struct {
@@ -241,6 +246,9 @@ type KeyspaceGroupManager struct {
 	groupWatcher         *etcdutil.LoopWatcher
 
 	primaryPathBuilder *kgPrimaryPathBuilder
+
+	// mergeCheckerCancelMap is the cancel function map for the merge checker of each keyspace group.
+	mergeCheckerCancelMap sync.Map // GroupID -> context.CancelFunc
 }
 
 // NewKeyspaceGroupManager creates a new Keyspace Group Manager.
@@ -384,12 +392,9 @@ func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) Close() {
 }
 
 func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) isAssignedToMe(group *endpoint.KeyspaceGroup) bool {
-	for _, member := range group.Members {
-		if member.Address == kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	return slice.AnyOf(group.Members, func(i int) bool {
+		return group.Members[i].Address == kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr
+	})
 }
 
 // updateKeyspaceGroup applies the given keyspace group. If the keyspace group is just assigned to
@@ -416,9 +421,25 @@ func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) updateKeyspaceGroup(group *endpoint.KeyspaceGro
 		return
 	}
 
+	oldAM, oldGroup := kgm.getKeyspaceGroupMeta(group.ID)
+	// If this host owns a replica of the keyspace group which is the merge target,
+	// it should run the merging checker when the merge state first time changes.
+	if !oldGroup.IsMergeTarget() && group.IsMergeTarget() {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(kgm.ctx)
+		kgm.mergeCheckerCancelMap.Store(group.ID, cancel)
+		kgm.wg.Add(1)
+		go kgm.mergingChecker(ctx, group.ID, group.MergeState.MergeList)
+	}
+	// If the merge state has been finished, cancel its merging checker.
+	if oldGroup.IsMergeTarget() && !group.IsMergeTarget() {
+		if cancel, loaded := kgm.mergeCheckerCancelMap.LoadAndDelete(group.ID); loaded && cancel != nil {
+			cancel.(context.CancelFunc)()
+		}
+	}
+
 	// If this host is already assigned a replica of this keyspace group, i.e., the election member
 	// is already initialized, just update the meta.
-	if oldAM, oldGroup := kgm.getKeyspaceGroupMeta(group.ID); oldAM != nil {
+	if oldAM != nil {
 		kgm.updateKeyspaceGroupMembership(oldGroup, group, true)
 		return
 	}
@@ -738,6 +759,10 @@ func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) HandleTSORequest(
 	if err != nil {
 		return pdpb.Timestamp{}, curKeyspaceGroupID, err
 	}
+	err = kgm.checkTSOMerge(curKeyspaceGroupID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return pdpb.Timestamp{}, curKeyspaceGroupID, err
+	}
 	ts, err = am.HandleRequest(dcLocation, count)
 	return ts, curKeyspaceGroupID, err
 }
@@ -898,3 +923,180 @@ func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) finishSplitKeyspaceGroup(id uint32) error {
 	kgm.kgs[id] = splitGroup
 	return nil
 }
+
+func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) finishMergeKeyspaceGroup(id uint32) error {
+	kgm.Lock()
+	defer kgm.Unlock()
+	// Check if the keyspace group is in the merging state.
+	mergeTarget := kgm.kgs[id]
+	if !mergeTarget.IsMergeTarget() {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Check if the HTTP client is initialized.
+	if kgm.httpClient == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	statusCode, err := apiutil.DoDelete(
+		kgm.httpClient,
+		kgm.cfg.GeBackendEndpoints()+keyspaceGroupsAPIPrefix+fmt.Sprintf("/%d/merge", id))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Warn("failed to finish merging keyspace group",
+			zap.Uint32("keyspace-group-id", id),
+			zap.Int("status-code", statusCode))
+		return errs.ErrSendRequest.FastGenByArgs()
+	}
+	// Pre-update the split keyspace group split state in memory.
+	mergeTarget.MergeState = nil
+	kgm.kgs[id] = mergeTarget
+	return nil
+}
+
+// mergingChecker is used to check if the keyspace group is in merge state, and if so, it will
+// make sure the newly merged TSO keep consistent with the original ones.
+func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) mergingChecker(ctx context.Context, mergeTargetID uint32, mergeList []uint32) {
+	log.Info("start to merge the keyspace group",
+		zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+		zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+		zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList))
+	defer logutil.LogPanic()
+	defer kgm.wg.Done()
+
+	checkTicker := time.NewTicker(mergingCheckInterval)
+	defer checkTicker.Stop()
+	// Prepare the merge map.
+	mergeMap := make(map[uint32]struct{}, len(mergeList))
+	for _, id := range mergeList {
+		mergeMap[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			log.Info("merging checker is closed",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList))
+			return
+		case <-checkTicker.C:
+		}
+		// Check if current TSO node is the merge target TSO primary node.
+		am, err := kgm.GetAllocatorManager(mergeTargetID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warn("unable to get the merge target allocator manager",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("keyspace-group-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+				zap.Error(err))
+			continue
+		}
+		// If the current TSO node is not the merge target TSO primary node,
+		// we still need to keep this loop running to avoid unexpected primary changes.
+		if !am.IsLeader() {
+			log.Debug("current tso node is not the merge target primary",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList))
+			continue
+		}
+		// Check if the keyspace group primaries in the merge map are all gone.
+		if len(mergeMap) != 0 {
+			for id := range mergeMap {
+				leaderPath := path.Join(kgm.primaryPathBuilder.getKeyspaceGroupIDPath(id), primaryKey)
+				val, err := kgm.tsoSvcStorage.Load(leaderPath)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Error("failed to check if the keyspace group primary in the merge list has gone",
+						zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+						zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+						zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+						zap.Uint32("merge-id", id),
+						zap.Any("remaining", mergeMap),
+						zap.Error(err))
+					continue
+				}
+				if len(val) == 0 {
+					delete(mergeMap, id)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if len(mergeMap) > 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		// All the keyspace group primaries in the merge list are gone,
+		// update the newly merged TSO to make sure it is greater than the original ones.
+		var mergedTS time.Time
+		for _, id := range mergeList {
+			ts, err := kgm.tsoSvcStorage.LoadTimestamp(am.getKeyspaceGroupTSPath(id))
+			if err != nil || ts == typeutil.ZeroTime {
+				log.Error("failed to load the keyspace group TSO",
+					zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+					zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+					zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+					zap.Uint32("merge-id", id),
+					zap.Time("ts", ts),
+					zap.Error(err))
+				mergedTS = typeutil.ZeroTime
+				break
+			}
+			if ts.After(mergedTS) {
+				mergedTS = ts
+			}
+		}
+		if mergedTS == typeutil.ZeroTime {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Update the newly merged TSO.
+		// TODO: support the Local TSO Allocator.
+		allocator, err := am.GetAllocator(GlobalDCLocation)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to get the allocator",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+				zap.Error(err))
+			continue
+		}
+		err = allocator.SetTSO(
+			tsoutil.GenerateTS(tsoutil.GenerateTimestamp(mergedTS, 1)),
+			true, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to update the newly merged TSO",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+				zap.Time("merged-ts", mergedTS),
+				zap.Error(err))
+			continue
+		}
+		// Finish the merge.
+		err = kgm.finishMergeKeyspaceGroup(mergeTargetID)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("failed to finish the merge",
+				zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+				zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+				zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+				zap.Error(err))
+			continue
+		}
+		log.Info("finished merging keyspace group",
+			zap.String("member", kgm.tsoServiceID.ServiceAddr),
+			zap.Uint32("merge-target-id", mergeTargetID),
+			zap.Any("merge-list", mergeList),
+			zap.Time("merged-ts", mergedTS))
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+// Reject any request if the keyspace group is in merging state,
+// we need to wait for the merging checker to finish the TSO merging.
+func (kgm *KeyspaceGroupManager) checkTSOMerge(
+	keyspaceGroupID uint32,
+) error {
+	_, group := kgm.getKeyspaceGroupMeta(keyspaceGroupID)
+	if !group.IsMerging() {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return errs.ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging.FastGenByArgs(keyspaceGroupID)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/tso/local_allocator.go b/pkg/tso/local_allocator.go
index 9c2867966bc2..9995d5cec3f4 100644
--- a/pkg/tso/local_allocator.go
+++ b/pkg/tso/local_allocator.go
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ func NewLocalTSOAllocator(
 		leadership:       leadership,
 		timestampOracle: &timestampOracle{
 			client:                 leadership.GetClient(),
-			rootPath:               am.rootPath,
 			tsPath:                 tsPath,
 			storage:                am.storage,
 			saveInterval:           am.saveInterval,
diff --git a/pkg/tso/tso.go b/pkg/tso/tso.go
index aa1a424d8cd5..54f0cb927be8 100644
--- a/pkg/tso/tso.go
+++ b/pkg/tso/tso.go
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ type tsoObject struct {
 
 // timestampOracle is used to maintain the logic of TSO.
 type timestampOracle struct {
-	client   *clientv3.Client
-	rootPath string
+	client *clientv3.Client
 	// When tsPath is empty, it means that it is a global timestampOracle.
 	tsPath  string
 	storage endpoint.TSOStorage
diff --git a/tests/integrations/mcs/tso/keyspace_group_manager_test.go b/tests/integrations/mcs/tso/keyspace_group_manager_test.go
index 22c131be252d..d265d8fc73bb 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/mcs/tso/keyspace_group_manager_test.go
+++ b/tests/integrations/mcs/tso/keyspace_group_manager_test.go
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
 	pd "github.com/tikv/pd/client"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/election"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/errs"
 	mcsutils "github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/mcs/utils"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/member"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/storage/endpoint"
@@ -263,7 +264,7 @@ func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupSplit() {
 		err error
 	)
 	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
-		ts, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 1, 222, 1)
+		ts, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 222, 1)
 		return err == nil && tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&ts, &pdpb.Timestamp{}) > 0
 	})
 	ts.Physical += time.Hour.Milliseconds()
@@ -282,22 +283,22 @@ func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupSplit() {
 	// Check the split TSO from keyspace group 2.
 	var splitTS pdpb.Timestamp
 	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
-		splitTS, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 1, 222, 2)
+		splitTS, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 222, 2)
 		return err == nil && tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&splitTS, &pdpb.Timestamp{}) > 0
 	})
-	splitTS, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 1, 222, 2)
+	splitTS, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 222, 2)
+	re.NoError(err)
 	re.Greater(tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&splitTS, &ts), 0)
 }
 
 func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) requestTSO(
 	re *require.Assertions,
-	count, keyspaceID, keyspaceGroupID uint32,
+	keyspaceID, keyspaceGroupID uint32,
 ) (pdpb.Timestamp, error) {
 	primary := suite.tsoCluster.WaitForPrimaryServing(re, keyspaceID, keyspaceGroupID)
 	kgm := primary.GetKeyspaceGroupManager()
 	re.NotNil(kgm)
-	ts, _, err := kgm.HandleTSORequest(keyspaceID, keyspaceGroupID, tsopkg.GlobalDCLocation, count)
-	re.NoError(err)
+	ts, _, err := kgm.HandleTSORequest(keyspaceID, keyspaceGroupID, tsopkg.GlobalDCLocation, 1)
 	return ts, err
 }
 
@@ -357,36 +358,58 @@ func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupSplitElection
 	re.Equal(member1.GetLeaderListenUrls(), member2.GetLeaderListenUrls())
 	// Finish the split.
 	handlersutil.MustFinishSplitKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 2)
+	// Wait for the keyspace groups to finish the split.
+	waitFinishSplit(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 1, 2, []uint32{111}, []uint32{222, 333})
+}
+
+func waitFinishSplit(
+	re *require.Assertions,
+	server *tests.TestServer,
+	splitSourceID, splitTargetID uint32,
+	splitSourceKeyspaces, splitTargetKeyspaces []uint32,
+) {
+	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
+		kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, server, splitTargetID)
+		re.Equal(splitTargetID, kg.ID)
+		re.Equal(splitTargetKeyspaces, kg.Keyspaces)
+		return !kg.IsSplitTarget()
+	})
+	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
+		kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, server, splitSourceID)
+		re.Equal(splitSourceID, kg.ID)
+		re.Equal(splitSourceKeyspaces, kg.Keyspaces)
+		return !kg.IsSplitSource()
+	})
 }
 
 func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupSplitClient() {
 	re := suite.Require()
 	// Enable the failpoint to slow down the system time to test whether the TSO is monotonic.
 	re.NoError(failpoint.Enable("github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/tso/systemTimeSlow", `return(true)`))
-	// Create the keyspace group 1 with keyspaces [111, 222, 333].
+	// Create the keyspace group 1 with keyspaces [444, 555, 666].
 	handlersutil.MustCreateKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, &handlers.CreateKeyspaceGroupParams{
 		KeyspaceGroups: []*endpoint.KeyspaceGroup{
 			{
 				ID:        1,
 				UserKind:  endpoint.Standard.String(),
 				Members:   suite.tsoCluster.GetKeyspaceGroupMember(),
-				Keyspaces: []uint32{111, 222, 333},
+				Keyspaces: []uint32{444, 555, 666},
 			},
 		},
 	})
 	kg1 := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 1)
 	re.Equal(uint32(1), kg1.ID)
-	re.Equal([]uint32{111, 222, 333}, kg1.Keyspaces)
+	re.Equal([]uint32{444, 555, 666}, kg1.Keyspaces)
 	re.False(kg1.IsSplitting())
-	// Make sure the leader of the keyspace group 2 is elected.
-	member, err := suite.tsoCluster.WaitForPrimaryServing(re, 222, 2).GetMember(222, 2)
+	// Make sure the leader of the keyspace group 1 is elected.
+	member, err := suite.tsoCluster.WaitForPrimaryServing(re, 555, 1).GetMember(555, 1)
 	re.NoError(err)
 	re.NotNil(member)
-	// Prepare the client for keyspace 222.
-	tsoClient, err := pd.NewClientWithKeyspace(suite.ctx, 222, []string{suite.pdLeaderServer.GetAddr()}, pd.SecurityOption{})
+	// Prepare the client for keyspace 555.
+	tsoClient, err := pd.NewClientWithKeyspace(suite.ctx, 555, []string{suite.pdLeaderServer.GetAddr()}, pd.SecurityOption{})
 	re.NoError(err)
 	re.NotNil(tsoClient)
-	// Request the TSO for keyspace 222 concurrently.
+	// Request the TSO for keyspace 555 concurrently.
 	var (
 		wg                        sync.WaitGroup
 		ctx, cancel               = context.WithCancel(suite.ctx)
@@ -426,15 +449,10 @@ func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupSplitClient()
 	// Split the keyspace group 1 to 2.
 	handlersutil.MustSplitKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 1, &handlers.SplitKeyspaceGroupByIDParams{
 		NewID:     2,
-		Keyspaces: []uint32{222, 333},
-	})
-	// Wait for the keyspace group 2 to finish the split.
-	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
-		kg2 := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 2)
-		re.Equal(uint32(2), kg2.ID)
-		re.Equal([]uint32{222, 333}, kg2.Keyspaces)
-		return !kg2.IsSplitTarget()
+		Keyspaces: []uint32{555, 666},
 	})
+	// Wait for the keyspace groups to finish the split.
+	waitFinishSplit(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 1, 2, []uint32{444}, []uint32{555, 666})
 	// Stop the client.
 	cancel()
 	wg.Wait()
@@ -540,10 +558,9 @@ func TestTwiceSplitKeyspaceGroup(t *testing.T) {
 	// Trigger checkTSOSplit to ensure the split is finished.
 	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
 		_, _, err = clientB.(pd.Client).GetTS(ctx)
-		re.NoError(err)
-		kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, leaderServer, 0)
-		return !kg.IsSplitting()
+		return err == nil
 	})
+	waitFinishSplit(re, leaderServer, 0, 1, []uint32{mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceID, 1}, []uint32{2})
 	clientB.(pd.Client).Close()
 
 	// Then split keyspace group 0 to 2 with keyspace 1.
@@ -555,10 +572,9 @@ func TestTwiceSplitKeyspaceGroup(t *testing.T) {
 	// Trigger checkTSOSplit to ensure the split is finished.
 	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
 		_, _, err = clientA.(pd.Client).GetTS(ctx)
-		re.NoError(err)
-		kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, leaderServer, 0)
-		return !kg.IsSplitting()
+		return err == nil
 	})
+	waitFinishSplit(re, leaderServer, 0, 2, []uint32{mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceID}, []uint32{1})
 	clientA.(pd.Client).Close()
 
 	// Check the keyspace group 0 is split to 1 and 2.
@@ -574,3 +590,139 @@ func TestTwiceSplitKeyspaceGroup(t *testing.T) {
 
 	re.NoError(failpoint.Disable("github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/keyspace/acceleratedAllocNodes"))
 }
+
+func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupMerge() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+	// Create the keyspace group 1 and 2 with keyspaces [111, 222] and [333].
+	handlersutil.MustCreateKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, &handlers.CreateKeyspaceGroupParams{
+		KeyspaceGroups: []*endpoint.KeyspaceGroup{
+			{
+				ID:        1,
+				UserKind:  endpoint.Standard.String(),
+				Members:   suite.tsoCluster.GetKeyspaceGroupMember(),
+				Keyspaces: []uint32{111, 222},
+			},
+			{
+				ID:        2,
+				UserKind:  endpoint.Standard.String(),
+				Members:   suite.tsoCluster.GetKeyspaceGroupMember(),
+				Keyspaces: []uint32{333},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	// Get a TSO from the keyspace group 1.
+	var (
+		ts  pdpb.Timestamp
+		err error
+	)
+	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
+		ts, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 222, 1)
+		return err == nil && tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&ts, &pdpb.Timestamp{}) > 0
+	})
+	ts.Physical += time.Hour.Milliseconds()
+	// Set the TSO of the keyspace group 1 to a large value.
+	err = suite.tsoCluster.GetPrimaryServer(222, 1).GetHandler().ResetTS(tsoutil.GenerateTS(&ts), false, true, 1)
+	re.NoError(err)
+	// Merge the keyspace group 1 and 2 to the default keyspace group.
+	handlersutil.MustMergeKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID, &handlers.MergeKeyspaceGroupsParams{
+		MergeList: []uint32{1, 2},
+	})
+	// Check the keyspace group 1 and 2 are merged to the default keyspace group.
+	kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID)
+	re.Equal(mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID, kg.ID)
+	for _, keyspaceID := range []uint32{111, 222, 333} {
+		re.Contains(kg.Keyspaces, keyspaceID)
+	}
+	re.True(kg.IsMergeTarget())
+	// Check the merged TSO from the default keyspace group is greater than the TSO from the keyspace group 1.
+	var mergedTS pdpb.Timestamp
+	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
+		mergedTS, err = suite.requestTSO(re, 333, mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID)
+		if err != nil {
+			re.ErrorIs(err, errs.ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging)
+		}
+		return err == nil && tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&mergedTS, &pdpb.Timestamp{}) > 0
+	}, testutil.WithTickInterval(5*time.Second), testutil.WithWaitFor(time.Minute))
+	re.Greater(tsoutil.CompareTimestamp(&mergedTS, &ts), 0)
+}
+
+func (suite *tsoKeyspaceGroupManagerTestSuite) TestTSOKeyspaceGroupMergeClient() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+	// Create the keyspace group 1 with keyspaces [111, 222, 333].
+	handlersutil.MustCreateKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, &handlers.CreateKeyspaceGroupParams{
+		KeyspaceGroups: []*endpoint.KeyspaceGroup{
+			{
+				ID:        1,
+				UserKind:  endpoint.Standard.String(),
+				Members:   suite.tsoCluster.GetKeyspaceGroupMember(),
+				Keyspaces: []uint32{111, 222, 333},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	kg1 := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, 1)
+	re.Equal(uint32(1), kg1.ID)
+	re.Equal([]uint32{111, 222, 333}, kg1.Keyspaces)
+	re.False(kg1.IsMerging())
+	// Make sure the leader of the keyspace group 1 is elected.
+	member, err := suite.tsoCluster.WaitForPrimaryServing(re, 222, 1).GetMember(222, 1)
+	re.NoError(err)
+	re.NotNil(member)
+	// Prepare the client for keyspace 222.
+	tsoClient, err := pd.NewClientWithKeyspace(suite.ctx, 222, []string{suite.pdLeaderServer.GetAddr()}, pd.SecurityOption{})
+	re.NoError(err)
+	re.NotNil(tsoClient)
+	// Request the TSO for keyspace 222 concurrently.
+	var (
+		wg                        sync.WaitGroup
+		ctx, cancel               = context.WithCancel(suite.ctx)
+		lastPhysical, lastLogical int64
+	)
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				// Make sure at least one TSO request is successful.
+				re.NotEmpty(lastPhysical)
+				return
+			default:
+			}
+			physical, logical, err := tsoClient.GetTS(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				errMsg := err.Error()
+				// Ignore the errors caused by the merge and context cancellation.
+				if strings.Contains(errMsg, "context canceled") ||
+					strings.Contains(errMsg, "not leader") ||
+					strings.Contains(errMsg, "not served") ||
+					strings.Contains(errMsg, "ErrKeyspaceNotAssigned") ||
+					strings.Contains(errMsg, "ErrKeyspaceGroupIsMerging") {
+					continue
+				}
+				re.FailNow(errMsg)
+			}
+			if physical == lastPhysical {
+				re.Greater(logical, lastLogical)
+			} else {
+				re.Greater(physical, lastPhysical)
+			}
+			lastPhysical, lastLogical = physical, logical
+		}
+	}()
+	// Merge the keyspace group 1 to the default keyspace group.
+	handlersutil.MustMergeKeyspaceGroup(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID, &handlers.MergeKeyspaceGroupsParams{
+		MergeList: []uint32{1},
+	})
+	// Wait for the default keyspace group to finish the merge.
+	testutil.Eventually(re, func() bool {
+		kg := handlersutil.MustLoadKeyspaceGroupByID(re, suite.pdLeaderServer, mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID)
+		re.Equal(mcsutils.DefaultKeyspaceGroupID, kg.ID)
+		for _, keyspaceID := range []uint32{111, 222, 333} {
+			re.Contains(kg.Keyspaces, keyspaceID)
+		}
+		return !kg.IsMergeTarget()
+	})
+	// Stop the client.
+	cancel()
+	wg.Wait()
+}
diff --git a/tests/server/apiv2/handlers/testutil.go b/tests/server/apiv2/handlers/testutil.go
index b638f1bbba4e..900cd84b8293 100644
--- a/tests/server/apiv2/handlers/testutil.go
+++ b/tests/server/apiv2/handlers/testutil.go
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func MustDeleteKeyspaceGroup(re *require.Assertions, server *tests.TestServer, i
 	re.Equal(http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, string(data))
 }
 
-// MustSplitKeyspaceGroup updates a keyspace group with HTTP API.
+// MustSplitKeyspaceGroup splits a keyspace group with HTTP API.
 func MustSplitKeyspaceGroup(re *require.Assertions, server *tests.TestServer, id uint32, request *handlers.SplitKeyspaceGroupByIDParams) {
 	data, err := json.Marshal(request)
 	re.NoError(err)
@@ -232,3 +232,18 @@ func MustFinishSplitKeyspaceGroup(re *require.Assertions, server *tests.TestServ
 	re.NoError(err)
 	re.Equal(http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, string(data))
 }
+
+// MustMergeKeyspaceGroup merges keyspace groups with HTTP API.
+func MustMergeKeyspaceGroup(re *require.Assertions, server *tests.TestServer, id uint32, request *handlers.MergeKeyspaceGroupsParams) {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(request)
+	re.NoError(err)
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, server.GetAddr()+keyspaceGroupsPrefix+fmt.Sprintf("/%d/merge", id), bytes.NewBuffer(data))
+	re.NoError(err)
+	// Send request.
+	resp, err := dialClient.Do(httpReq)
+	re.NoError(err)
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	data, err = io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	re.NoError(err)
+	re.Equal(http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode, string(data))
+}