Large Language Models for Expansion of Spoken Language Understanding Systems to New Languages

Abstract

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) models are a core component of voice assistants (VA), such as Alexa, Bixby, and Google Assistant. In this paper, we introduce a pipeline designed to extend SLU systems to new languages, utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) that we fine-tune for machine translation of slot-annotated SLU training data. Our approach improved on the MultiATIS++ benchmark, a primary multi-language SLU dataset, in the cloud scenario using an mBERT model. Specifically, we saw an improvement in the Overall Accuracy metric: from 53% to 62.18%, compared to the existing state-of-the-art method, Fine and Coarse-grained Multi-Task Learning Framework (FC-MTLF). In the on-device scenario (tiny and not pretrained SLU), our method improved the Overall Accuracy from 5.31% to 22.06% over the baseline Global-Local Contrastive Learning Framework (GL-CLeF) method. Contrary to both FC-MTLF and GL-CLeF, our LLM-based machine translation does not require changes in the production architecture of SLU. Additionally, our pipeline is slot-type independent: it does not require any slot definitions or examples.

HuggingFace

Fine tuned version of BigTranslate for slot translation on multiAtis++ languages can be found on HuggingFace:

https://huggingface.co/Samsung/BigTranslateSlotTranslator

How to run

BigTranslate slot-translation finetuning

Enter the BigTranslateFineTuning/ dir

1. Prepare MASSIVE dataset

python prepare_massive_data.py --output-dir massive

2. Run BigTranslate LoRA finetuning

bash deepspeed_bigtranslate_train.sh

Translate multiATIS++ dataset

To get the dataset go to https://github.com/amazon-research/multiatis and then put the train_EN.tsv file into BigTranslateFineTuning/multiATIS folder.

Model will be automatically downloaded from huggingface hub. You can also specify path to the model in translate_mulitatis.sh script (--model-name argument)

bash translate_multiatis.sh

Training input data preparation

cd MT/
python prepare_multiatis_jointnlu_traindata.py \
    $TRANSLATED_DATA_DIR \
    False \
    False \
    True \
    True \
    False \
    $OUTPUT_TRAINING_DATA_DIR \
    5 \
    $SOURCE_LANG \
    $TARGET_LANG \
    0.95

Training input data postprocessing

bash multiatis_data_postprocess.sh $OUTPUT_TRAINING_DATA_DIR

Run training and evaluation

cd JointBERT
mkdir eval_results fails data
cp -r $OUTPUT_TRAINING_DATA_DIR data
python3 main.py \
    --task $(basename $OUTPUT_TRAINING_DATA_DIR) \
    --model_type ${MODEL_TYPE} \
    --patience 5 \
    --train_batch_size 500 \
    --do_train \
    --do_eval \
    --ratio 1.0 \
    --device_name cuda:0 \
    --validation loss \
    --lang $TARGET_LANG \
    --model_dir $MODEL_OUTPUT_DIR \
    --percent_broken 0 \
    --num_train_epochs 50

where:

• MODEL_TYPE - multibert, xlmr_scratch or any other model type defined in utils.py