diff --git a/src/arrays.ts b/src/arrays.ts
index 07f04ea..47846e3 100644
--- a/src/arrays.ts
+++ b/src/arrays.ts
@@ -10,14 +10,7 @@ import {
  * Invalid validation result for an item in the array
  * @category Types
  */
-export interface ArrayItemValidatorResult {
-  /** The index of the item in the original array */
-  index: number;
-  /** The error message if a simple type */
-  message: string;
-  /** The errors if an object or array */
-  errors: unknown;
-}
+export type ArrayItemValidatorResult<E = unknown> = null | string | E;
 
 /**
  * Configuration for array validation.
@@ -76,10 +69,10 @@ export function applyArrayConfig<T>(
  * items. The remaining validators target the array itself.
  * @category Type Validators
  */
-export function array<T>(
-  config?: Partial<ArrayConfig> | ValidatorTest<T>,
+export function array<T, E>(
+  config?: Partial<ArrayConfig> | ValidatorTest<T, E>,
   ...tests: ValidatorTest[]
-): ValidatorTest<T[], ArrayItemValidatorResult[]> {
+): ValidatorTest<T[], string | ArrayItemValidatorResult<E>[]> {
   let allTests = tests;
   let finalConfig: ArrayConfig = {
     parser: parseArray,
@@ -123,11 +116,9 @@ export function array<T>(
 
         if (result.state === 'invalid') {
           isValid = false;
-          errors.push({
-            errors: result.errors,
-            index,
-            message: result.message,
-          });
+          errors.push(result.message || result.errors);
+        } else {
+          errors.push(null);
         }
       }
     }
@@ -139,14 +130,14 @@ export function array<T>(
       });
     }
 
-    return invalid({
+    return invalid<T[], ArrayItemValidatorResult<E>[]>({
       message:
         arrayInvalidResult?.state === 'invalid'
           ? arrayInvalidResult.message
           : '',
       value,
       field,
-      errors,
+      errors: errors as ArrayItemValidatorResult<E>[],
     });
   };
 }
diff --git a/src/objects.ts b/src/objects.ts
index 9c80238..50c7c22 100644
--- a/src/objects.ts
+++ b/src/objects.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import {
-  DeepPartial,
   ExtractError,
   ExtractValue,
   hasOwnProperty,
@@ -14,21 +13,19 @@ export type ObjectParameter = Record<string, ValidatorTest<unknown, unknown>>;
  * Validates an object.
  * @category Type Validators
  */
-export function object<P extends ObjectParameter, K extends keyof P>(
-  properties: P
-): ValidatorTest<
-  DeepPartial<{ [K in keyof P]?: ExtractValue<P[K]> }>,
-  DeepPartial<{ [K in keyof P]?: ExtractError<P[K]> }>
-> {
+export function object<
+  P extends ObjectParameter,
+  V extends { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractValue<P[K]> },
+  E extends { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractError<P[K]> }
+>(properties: P): ValidatorTest<V, E> {
   if (typeof properties !== 'object' || properties === null) {
     throw new TypeError('`properties` must be a configuration object');
   }
 
   return async (values, field) => {
-    const definedValues: { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractValue<P[K]> } =
-      (values as { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractValue<P[K]> }) ?? {};
-    const errors: { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractError<P[K]> } = {};
-    const resolvedValues: { [K in keyof P]?: ExtractValue<P[K]> } = {};
+    const definedValues = (values ?? {}) as V;
+    const errors = {} as E;
+    const resolvedValues = {} as V;
     let isValid = true;
 
     for (const key in properties) {
@@ -42,11 +39,14 @@ export function object<P extends ObjectParameter, K extends keyof P>(
             : await invalid({ field: key, message: 'No validator set', value });
         /* eslint-enable no-await-in-loop */
 
-        resolvedValues[key] = result.value as ExtractValue<P[K]>;
+        resolvedValues[key] = result.value as V[Extract<keyof P, string>];
 
         if (result.state === 'invalid') {
           isValid = false;
-          errors[key] = (result.message || result.errors) as ExtractError<P[K]>;
+          errors[key] = (result.message || result.errors) as E[Extract<
+            keyof P,
+            string
+          >];
         }
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/shared.ts b/src/shared.ts
index bd6a0a0..f42ab51 100644
--- a/src/shared.ts
+++ b/src/shared.ts
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ export function isObject(value: unknown): boolean {
 
 /**
  * Safe hasOwnProperty check
- * @param obj Object to check
- * @param prop Property to look for
+ * @param object Object to check
+ * @param property Property to look for
  */
 export function hasOwnProperty(
   object: unknown,
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ const formatPattern = /{(\w+)}/g;
 /**
  * Formats a message using a squiggly bracket `{}` template.
  * @param template Message template as string or function
- * @param params Params to inject into template
+ * @param parameters Params to inject into template
  * @category Helpers
  */
 export function formatMessage<T, P extends ValidatorMessageParameters<T>>(
@@ -198,7 +198,11 @@ export async function valid<T, E = never>({
  * @param extras Extra message params
  * @category Helpers
  */
-export async function invalid<T, E, P extends ValidatorMessageParameters<T>>({
+export async function invalid<
+  T,
+  E,
+  P extends ValidatorMessageParameters<T> = ValidatorMessageParameters<T>
+>({
   errors,
   field,
   message,
@@ -229,10 +233,10 @@ export async function invalid<T, E, P extends ValidatorMessageParameters<T>>({
  * @param applyConfig Function that applies configuration to value.
  * @category Helpers
  */
-export function createTypeValidatorTest<T, C extends ConfigBase<T>, E>(
+export function createTypeValidatorTest<T, C extends ConfigBase<T>>(
   defaultConfig: C,
   applyConfig: (value: unknown, config: C) => T | null | undefined
-): ValidatorFactory<C, T, E> {
+): ValidatorFactory<C, T, string> {
   return (config, ...tests) => {
     const cache: Record<string, ValidatorResult<T>> = {};
     let finalConfig = defaultConfig;
diff --git a/test/arrays.test.ts b/test/arrays.test.ts
index fe4e350..dc65fb2 100644
--- a/test/arrays.test.ts
+++ b/test/arrays.test.ts
@@ -58,13 +58,7 @@ test('array', async () => {
     state: 'invalid',
     value: ['foo', 'ba'],
     message: '',
-    errors: [
-      {
-        message: 'min:3',
-        index: 1,
-        errors: undefined,
-      },
-    ],
+    errors: [null, 'min:3'],
     isValid: false,
     field: undefined,
   });
@@ -84,18 +78,11 @@ test('array with object', async () => {
     message: '',
     errors: [
       {
-        index: 0,
-        message: '',
-        errors: {
-          username: 'required',
-        },
+        username: 'required',
       },
+      null,
       {
-        index: 2,
-        message: '',
-        errors: {
-          username: 'min:3',
-        },
+        username: 'min:3',
       },
     ],
     isValid: false,
@@ -110,24 +97,7 @@ test('nested array', async () => {
     state: 'invalid',
     message: '',
     value: [['', 'foo', null]],
-    errors: [
-      {
-        index: 0,
-        message: '',
-        errors: [
-          {
-            index: 0,
-            message: 'required',
-            errors: undefined,
-          },
-          {
-            index: 2,
-            message: 'required',
-            errors: undefined,
-          },
-        ],
-      },
-    ],
+    errors: [['required', null, 'required']],
     isValid: false,
     field: undefined,
   });
diff --git a/test/kitchen-sink.test.ts b/test/kitchen-sink.test.ts
index fa4f30b..690b19a 100644
--- a/test/kitchen-sink.test.ts
+++ b/test/kitchen-sink.test.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import {
   date,
   email,
   exact,
+  ExtractError,
   integer,
+  invalid,
+  InvalidResult,
   matches,
   max,
   maxDate,
@@ -18,9 +21,8 @@ import {
   required,
   string,
   url,
-  ValidatorTest,
   valid,
-  invalid,
+  ValidatorTest,
 } from '../src/index';
 
 const ONE_DAY = 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ const TEN_DAYS = ONE_DAY * 10;
 const now = new Date();
 const tenDaysFromNow = new Date(now.getTime() + TEN_DAYS);
 
-const customValidator: ValidatorTest<string> = async (value, field) => {
+const customValidator: ValidatorTest<string, string> = async (value, field) => {
   if (value === 'hello') {
     return valid({ value, field });
   }
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ const validate = object({
       ({ values }) => `Must be ${values[0]}, ${values[1]} or ${values[2]}.`
     )
   ),
-  favoriteCarMakers: array<string>(
+  favoriteCarMakers: array(
     { default: [] },
     string(
       required('Car brand is required.'),
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ const validate = object({
   custom: customValidator,
 });
 
-test('kitchen sink', async () => {
+test('kitchen sink valid', async () => {
   const startDate = new Date(now.getTime() + ONE_DAY);
 
   const result = await validate({
@@ -132,3 +134,49 @@ test('kitchen sink', async () => {
     startDate,
   });
 });
+
+test('kitchen sink invalid', async () => {
+  const startDate = new Date(now.getTime() - ONE_DAY);
+
+  const result = await validate({
+    age: 10,
+    custom: 'goodbye',
+    emailAddress: 'invalid-email',
+    favoriteCarMakers: ['Nissan', 'Volvo'],
+    firstName: '',
+    fruit: 'strawberry',
+    homepage: 'invalid-url',
+    notRobot: 10,
+    postalCode: '1234',
+    startDate,
+  });
+
+  assert.is(result.state, 'invalid');
+  assert.equal(result.value, {
+    age: 10,
+    custom: 'goodbye',
+    emailAddress: 'invalid-email',
+    favoriteCarMakers: ['Nissan', 'Volvo'],
+    firstName: '',
+    fruit: 'strawberry',
+    homepage: 'invalid-url',
+    notRobot: 10,
+    postalCode: '1234',
+    startDate,
+  });
+  const invalidResult = result as InvalidResult<ExtractError<typeof validate>>;
+  assert.equal(invalidResult.errors, {
+    firstName: 'First name is required.',
+    emailAddress: 'Must be a valid email address.',
+    age: 'Must be at least 18 years old.',
+    homepage: 'Must be a valid URL.',
+    fruit: 'Must be apple, orange or banana.',
+    // Note that this would be a string if the error is from the array validator.
+    favoriteCarMakers: ['Must be a known car brand.', null],
+    startDate: 'Must be on or after today.',
+    notRobot: 'This is the answer.',
+    optIn: 'Must decide to opt in or out.',
+    postalCode: 'Must be a five-digit number.',
+    custom: 'Must be "hello".',
+  });
+});