全称:Don’t Repeat Yourself
不要写重复代码
该原则看上去很简单,但并不是字面意思中所说的,只要两段重复的代码就不符合该原则,同样,也不是两段完全不同的代码就一定符合DRY原则
public class UserAuthenticator {
public void authenticate(String username, String password) {
if (!isValidUsername(username)) {
// ...throw InvalidUsernameException...
}
if (!isValidPassword(password)) {
// ...throw InvalidPasswordException...
}
//...省略其他代码...
}
private boolean isValidUsername(String username) {
// check not null, not empty
if (StringUtils.isBlank(username)) {
return false;
}
// check length: 4~64
int length = username.length();
if (length < 4 || length > 64) {
return false;
}
// contains only lowcase characters
if (!StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(username)) {
return false;
}
// contains only a~z,0~9,dot
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
char c = username.charAt(i);
if (!(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private boolean isValidPassword(String password) {
// check not null, not empty
if (StringUtils.isBlank(password)) {
return false;
}
// check length: 4~64
int length = password.length();
if (length < 4 || length > 64) {
return false;
}
// contains only lowcase characters
if (!StringUtils.isAllLowerCase(password)) {
return false;
}
// contains only a~z,0~9,dot
for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
char c = password.charAt(i);
if (!(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '.') {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
- 虽然当前username和password的校验逻辑完全一致,但本身就是判断不同数据的逻辑,后序可能各自的变化,并不违反DRY原则
public boolean isValidIp(String ipAddress) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(ipAddress)) return false;
String regex = "^(1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[1-9]\\d|[1-9])\\."
+ "(1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[1-9]\\d|\\d)\\."
+ "(1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[1-9]\\d|\\d)\\."
+ "(1\\d{2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5]|[1-9]\\d|\\d)$";
return ipAddress.matches(regex);
}
public boolean checkIfIpValid(String ipAddress) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(ipAddress)) return false;
String[] ipUnits = StringUtils.split(ipAddress, '.');
if (ipUnits.length != 4) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
int ipUnitIntValue;
try {
ipUnitIntValue = Integer.parseInt(ipUnits[i]);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
return false;
}
if (ipUnitIntValue < 0 || ipUnitIntValue > 255) {
return false;
}
if (i == 0 && ipUnitIntValue == 0) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
- 上面是功能语义重复的例子,两段代码虽然实现不同,但对于调用方来说是一致的,所以重复了
public class UserService {
private UserRepo userRepo;//通过依赖注入或者IOC框架注入
public User login(String email, String password) {
boolean existed = userRepo.checkIfUserExisted(email, password);
if (!existed) {
// ... throw AuthenticationFailureException...
}
User user = userRepo.getUserByEmail(email);
return user;
}
}
public class UserRepo {
public boolean checkIfUserExisted(String email, String password) {
if (!EmailValidation.validate(email)) {
// ... throw InvalidEmailException...
}
if (!PasswordValidation.validate(password)) {
// ... throw InvalidPasswordException...
}
//...query db to check if email&password exists...
}
public User getUserByEmail(String email) {
if (!EmailValidation.validate(email)) {
// ... throw InvalidEmailException...
}
//...query db to get user by email...
}
}
- login中,校验email的逻辑重复了,没必要进行多次校验,可以统一放到service中
- login方法中,判断用户是否存在的逻辑也是重复的,没必要执行
- 提高代码复用性、可读性、可维护性