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<html> | ||
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<head> | ||
<title>Writing reproducible articles with R Markdown and Stencila</title> | ||
<meta charset="utf-8"> | ||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> | ||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> | ||
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href="https://unpkg.com/@stencila/[email protected]/dist/themes/stencila/styles.css" | ||
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/> | ||
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<script | ||
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<body> | ||
<article itemtype="https://schema.org/Article" itemscope="true"> | ||
<h1 itemprop="headline">Writing reproducible articles with R Markdown and Stencila</h1> | ||
<h1 itemprop="headline"> | ||
Writing reproducible articles with R Markdown and Stencila | ||
</h1> | ||
<div> | ||
<ol class="authors"> | ||
<li itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope="true" itemprop="author"><span | ||
itemprop="name" content="Nokome Bentley"><span itemprop="givenName">Nokome</span><span | ||
itemprop="familyName">Bentley</span></span></li> | ||
<li | ||
itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" | ||
itemscope="true" | ||
itemprop="author" | ||
> | ||
<span itemprop="name" content="Nokome Bentley" | ||
><span itemprop="givenName">Nokome</span | ||
><span itemprop="familyName">Bentley</span></span | ||
> | ||
</li> | ||
</ol> | ||
</div> | ||
<section> | ||
<h2>Abstract</h2> | ||
<div itemprop="description">R Markdown is a popular format for reproducible research. This | ||
article provides a guide to how to write, and collaborate on, a reproducible research | ||
article using R Markdown and Stencila. As well as describing the basics of embedding R | ||
code in your article, it covers how to include meta-data (such as author names and | ||
affiliations), citations and references. Finally, we discuss how you can preview your | ||
article and convert it to other formats using Stencila. </div> | ||
<div itemprop="description"> | ||
R Markdown is a popular format for reproducible research. This article | ||
provides a guide to how to write, and collaborate on, a reproducible | ||
research article using R Markdown and Stencila. As well as describing | ||
the basics of embedding R code in your article, it covers how to | ||
include meta-data (such as author names and affiliations), citations | ||
and references. Finally, we discuss how you can preview your article | ||
and convert it to other formats using Stencila. | ||
</div> | ||
</section> | ||
<h1 id="preface">Preface</h1> | ||
<p>This is part of a series of “self-documenting” example articles, each written in a | ||
particular format, describing how to author reproducibles in that format. The canonical | ||
source for this article is <a | ||
href="https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.Rmd"><code>rmarkdown.Rmd</code></a> | ||
on Github where there is also a rendered version as a R Notebook, <a | ||
href="https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.nb.html"><code>rmarkdown.nb.html</code></a>. | ||
If you are not already, you can open this R Notebook on Stencila using <a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.nb.html">this | ||
link</a>.</p> | ||
<p> | ||
This is part of a series of “self-documenting” example articles, each | ||
written in a particular format, describing how to author reproducibles | ||
in that format. The canonical source for this article is | ||
<a | ||
href="https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.Rmd" | ||
><code>rmarkdown.Rmd</code></a | ||
> | ||
on Github where there is also a rendered version as a R Notebook, | ||
<a | ||
href="https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.nb.html" | ||
><code>rmarkdown.nb.html</code></a | ||
>. If you are not already, you can open this R Notebook on Stencila | ||
using | ||
<a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/rmarkdown/rmarkdown.nb.html" | ||
>this link</a | ||
>. | ||
</p> | ||
<p>Other articles in this series for other formats / sites:</p> | ||
<ul> | ||
<li><a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/jupyter/jupyter.ipynb">Jupyter | ||
Notebooks</a></li> | ||
<li><a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BW6MubIyDirCGW9Wq-tSqCma8pioxBI6VpeLyXn5mZA">Google | ||
Docs</a></li> | ||
<li><a href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://hackmd.io/RaFYCFoyTlODFxz5hPevLw">HackMD</a> | ||
<li> | ||
<a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://github.com/stencila/examples/tree/master/jupyter/jupyter.ipynb" | ||
>Jupyter Notebooks</a | ||
> | ||
</li> | ||
<li> | ||
<a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BW6MubIyDirCGW9Wq-tSqCma8pioxBI6VpeLyXn5mZA" | ||
>Google Docs</a | ||
> | ||
</li> | ||
<li> | ||
<a | ||
href="https://hub.stenci.la/open/https://hackmd.io/RaFYCFoyTlODFxz5hPevLw" | ||
>HackMD</a | ||
> | ||
</li> | ||
</ul> | ||
<p>Please note that this example is a work in progress.</p> | ||
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1> | ||
<p><a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">R Markdown</a> is a popular format for writing | ||
reprodubile documents. <a | ||
href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax">Markdown</a> is a simple text | ||
format, which, in the words of it’s creator, is “intended to be as easy-to-read and | ||
easy-to-write as is feasible”. R Markdown extends Markdown with some custom syntax for | ||
embedding executable R code.</p> | ||
<p>There are many resources available for how to use R Markdown for reproducible research, | ||
inlcuding:</p> | ||
<p> | ||
<a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">R Markdown</a> is a popular | ||
format for writing reprodubile documents. | ||
<a href="https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax" | ||
>Markdown</a | ||
> | ||
is a simple text format, which, in the words of it’s creator, is | ||
“intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible”. R | ||
Markdown extends Markdown with some custom syntax for embedding | ||
executable R code. | ||
</p> | ||
<p> | ||
There are many resources available for how to use R Markdown for | ||
reproducible research, inlcuding: | ||
</p> | ||
<ul> | ||
<li> | ||
<p>Chris Hartgerink (2017) <em>Composing reproducible manuscripts using R Markdown</em> <a | ||
href="https://elifesciences.org/labs/cad57bcf/composing-reproducible-manuscripts-using-r-markdown">https://elifesciences.org/labs/cad57bcf/composing-reproducible-manuscripts-using-r-markdown</a> | ||
<p> | ||
Chris Hartgerink (2017) | ||
<em>Composing reproducible manuscripts using R Markdown</em> | ||
<a | ||
href="https://elifesciences.org/labs/cad57bcf/composing-reproducible-manuscripts-using-r-markdown" | ||
>https://elifesciences.org/labs/cad57bcf/composing-reproducible-manuscripts-using-r-markdown</a | ||
> | ||
</p> | ||
</li> | ||
<li> | ||
<p>Daniel Nüst, Vicky Steeves, Rémi Rampin, Markus Konkol, Edzer Pebesma (2018)<em>Writing | ||
reprocible geoscience papers using R Markdown, Docker, and GitLab</em> <a | ||
href="https://vickysteeves.gitlab.io/repro-papers/index.html">https://vickysteeves.gitlab.io/repro-papers/index.html</a> | ||
<p> | ||
Daniel Nüst, Vicky Steeves, Rémi Rampin, Markus Konkol, Edzer | ||
Pebesma (2018)<em | ||
>Writing reprocible geoscience papers using R Markdown, Docker, | ||
and GitLab</em | ||
> | ||
<a href="https://vickysteeves.gitlab.io/repro-papers/index.html" | ||
>https://vickysteeves.gitlab.io/repro-papers/index.html</a | ||
> | ||
</p> | ||
</li> | ||
<li> | ||
<p>Paul Bauer (2018) <em>Writing a Reproducible Paper in R Markdown</em> <a | ||
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3175518">https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3175518</a> | ||
<p> | ||
Paul Bauer (2018) | ||
<em>Writing a Reproducible Paper in R Markdown</em> | ||
<a | ||
href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3175518" | ||
>https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3175518</a | ||
> | ||
</p> | ||
</li> | ||
</ul> | ||
<h1 id="code-chunks">Code chunks</h1> | ||
<p>At the heart of R Markdown are “code chunks”. Code chunks can produce outputs, or they can | ||
be used to execute arbitrary R code. For example, here we assign a variable called | ||
<code>randoms</code> which will be an array of 1000 random numbers sampled from a normal | ||
distribution:</p> | ||
<p> | ||
At the heart of R Markdown are “code chunks”. Code chunks can produce | ||
outputs, or they can be used to execute arbitrary R code. For example, | ||
here we assign a variable called <code>randoms</code> which will be an | ||
array of 1000 random numbers sampled from a normal distribution: | ||
</p> | ||
<stencila-code-chunk> | ||
<pre slot="text"><code class="language-r">randoms <- rnorm(1000) | ||
</code></pre> | ||
</stencila-code-chunk> | ||
<p>When you assign a variable in a code chunk you can reuse it in another chunk, later in the | ||
document. For example, we can plot the frequency distribution of the random numbers we | ||
assigned to the <code>randoms</code> variable earlier:</p> | ||
<p> | ||
When you assign a variable in a code chunk you can reuse it in another | ||
chunk, later in the document. For example, we can plot the frequency | ||
distribution of the random numbers we assigned to the | ||
<code>randoms</code> variable earlier: | ||
</p> | ||
<stencila-code-chunk> | ||
<pre slot="text"><code class="language-r">hist(randoms, breaks=30, col="grey", main="") | ||
<pre | ||
slot="text" | ||
><code class="language-r">hist(randoms, breaks=30, col="grey", main="") | ||
</code></pre> | ||
<figure slot="outputs"><img src="article-rmarkdown.html.media/0" itemprop="image"></figure> | ||
<figure slot="outputs"> | ||
<img src="article-rmarkdown.html.media/0" itemprop="image" /> | ||
</figure> | ||
</stencila-code-chunk> | ||
<h1 id="inline-code-chunks">Inline code chunks</h1> | ||
<p>In R Markdown you can also inline “inline” code chunks within paragraphs and other text | ||
content. For example, here is the mean of the <code>randoms</code> variable that we assigned | ||
earlier: <stencila-code-expression programming-language="r"><code class="r" | ||
slot="text">mean(randoms)</code><output slot="output">6.077451710^{-4}</output> | ||
</stencila-code-expression>. In Stencila, we call these <code>CodeExpression</code>s, | ||
because they are intended to display a calculated value, and shouldn’t be used for | ||
statements, such as assigning a variable.</p> | ||
<p> | ||
In R Markdown you can also inline “inline” code chunks within paragraphs | ||
and other text content. For example, here is the mean of the | ||
<code>randoms</code> variable that we assigned earlier: | ||
<stencila-code-expression programming-language="r" | ||
><code class="r" slot="text">mean(randoms)</code | ||
><output slot="output" | ||
>6.077451710^{-4}</output | ||
> </stencila-code-expression | ||
>. In Stencila, we call these <code>CodeExpression</code>s, because they | ||
are intended to display a calculated value, and shouldn’t be used for | ||
statements, such as assigning a variable. | ||
</p> | ||
</article> | ||
</body> | ||
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</html> | ||
</html> |
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