diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 9610316c746..c90cff73674 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2868,7 +2868,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libp2p-plaintext"
-version = "0.40.0"
+version = "0.40.1"
 dependencies = [
  "asynchronous-codec",
  "bytes",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 75354b74596..9e662abb630 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ libp2p-muxer-test-harness = { path = "muxers/test-harness" }
 libp2p-noise = { version = "0.43.1", path = "transports/noise" }
 libp2p-perf = { version = "0.2.0", path = "protocols/perf" }
 libp2p-ping = { version = "0.43.1", path = "protocols/ping" }
-libp2p-plaintext = { version = "0.40.0", path = "transports/plaintext" }
+libp2p-plaintext = { version = "0.40.1", path = "transports/plaintext" }
 libp2p-pnet = { version = "0.23.0", path = "transports/pnet" }
 libp2p-quic = { version = "0.9.2", path = "transports/quic" }
 libp2p-relay = { version = "0.16.1", path = "protocols/relay" }
diff --git a/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs b/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
index dfdc619afb1..86f84ceab2c 100644
--- a/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
+++ b/muxers/mplex/benches/split_send_size.rs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use libp2p_core::{multiaddr::multiaddr, muxing, transport, upgrade, Multiaddr, T
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
 use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
 use libp2p_mplex as mplex;
-use libp2p_plaintext::PlainText2Config;
+use libp2p_plaintext as plaintext;
 use std::pin::Pin;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
@@ -166,30 +166,28 @@ fn run(
 }
 
 fn tcp_transport(split_send_size: usize) -> BenchTransport {
-    let key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-    let local_public_key = key.public();
-
     let mut mplex = mplex::MplexConfig::default();
     mplex.set_split_send_size(split_send_size);
 
     libp2p_tcp::async_io::Transport::new(libp2p_tcp::Config::default().nodelay(true))
         .upgrade(upgrade::Version::V1)
-        .authenticate(PlainText2Config { local_public_key })
+        .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(
+            &identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519(),
+        ))
         .multiplex(mplex)
         .timeout(Duration::from_secs(5))
         .boxed()
 }
 
 fn mem_transport(split_send_size: usize) -> BenchTransport {
-    let key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-    let local_public_key = key.public();
-
     let mut mplex = mplex::MplexConfig::default();
     mplex.set_split_send_size(split_send_size);
 
     transport::MemoryTransport::default()
         .upgrade(upgrade::Version::V1)
-        .authenticate(PlainText2Config { local_public_key })
+        .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(
+            &identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519(),
+        ))
         .multiplex(mplex)
         .timeout(Duration::from_secs(5))
         .boxed()
diff --git a/protocols/dcutr/tests/lib.rs b/protocols/dcutr/tests/lib.rs
index 6888e5914a0..a47f413f268 100644
--- a/protocols/dcutr/tests/lib.rs
+++ b/protocols/dcutr/tests/lib.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use libp2p_core::transport::{MemoryTransport, Transport};
 use libp2p_dcutr as dcutr;
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
 use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
-use libp2p_plaintext::PlainText2Config;
+use libp2p_plaintext as plaintext;
 use libp2p_relay as relay;
 use libp2p_swarm::{NetworkBehaviour, Swarm, SwarmBuilder, SwarmEvent};
 use libp2p_swarm_test::SwarmExt as _;
@@ -111,8 +111,7 @@ fn build_relay() -> Swarm<relay::Behaviour> {
 
 fn build_client() -> Swarm<Client> {
     let local_key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-    let local_public_key = local_key.public();
-    let local_peer_id = local_public_key.to_peer_id();
+    let local_peer_id = local_key.public().to_peer_id();
 
     let (relay_transport, behaviour) = relay::client::new(local_peer_id);
 
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ fn build_client() -> Swarm<Client> {
         .or_transport(MemoryTransport::default())
         .or_transport(libp2p_tcp::async_io::Transport::default())
         .upgrade(Version::V1)
-        .authenticate(PlainText2Config { local_public_key })
+        .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(&local_key))
         .multiplex(libp2p_yamux::Config::default())
         .boxed();
 
diff --git a/protocols/relay/tests/lib.rs b/protocols/relay/tests/lib.rs
index fa79ab67f4b..b7784d17b3a 100644
--- a/protocols/relay/tests/lib.rs
+++ b/protocols/relay/tests/lib.rs
@@ -30,9 +30,8 @@ use libp2p_core::transport::{Boxed, MemoryTransport, Transport};
 use libp2p_core::upgrade;
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
 use libp2p_identity::PeerId;
-use libp2p_identity::PublicKey;
 use libp2p_ping as ping;
-use libp2p_plaintext::PlainText2Config;
+use libp2p_plaintext as plaintext;
 use libp2p_relay as relay;
 use libp2p_swarm::{NetworkBehaviour, Swarm, SwarmBuilder, SwarmEvent};
 use std::time::Duration;
@@ -307,10 +306,9 @@ fn reuse_connection() {
 
 fn build_relay() -> Swarm<Relay> {
     let local_key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-    let local_public_key = local_key.public();
-    let local_peer_id = local_public_key.to_peer_id();
+    let local_peer_id = local_key.public().to_peer_id();
 
-    let transport = upgrade_transport(MemoryTransport::default().boxed(), local_public_key);
+    let transport = upgrade_transport(MemoryTransport::default().boxed(), &local_key);
 
     SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(
         transport,
@@ -331,13 +329,12 @@ fn build_relay() -> Swarm<Relay> {
 
 fn build_client() -> Swarm<Client> {
     let local_key = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-    let local_public_key = local_key.public();
-    let local_peer_id = local_public_key.to_peer_id();
+    let local_peer_id = local_key.public().to_peer_id();
 
     let (relay_transport, behaviour) = relay::client::new(local_peer_id);
     let transport = upgrade_transport(
         OrTransport::new(relay_transport, MemoryTransport::default()).boxed(),
-        local_public_key,
+        &local_key,
     );
 
     SwarmBuilder::with_async_std_executor(
@@ -353,14 +350,14 @@ fn build_client() -> Swarm<Client> {
 
 fn upgrade_transport<StreamSink>(
     transport: Boxed<StreamSink>,
-    local_public_key: PublicKey,
+    identity: &identity::Keypair,
 ) -> Boxed<(PeerId, StreamMuxerBox)>
 where
     StreamSink: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Unpin + 'static,
 {
     transport
         .upgrade(upgrade::Version::V1)
-        .authenticate(PlainText2Config { local_public_key })
+        .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(identity))
         .multiplex(libp2p_yamux::Config::default())
         .boxed()
 }
diff --git a/swarm-test/src/lib.rs b/swarm-test/src/lib.rs
index 819db33ba88..5cc85728b3a 100644
--- a/swarm-test/src/lib.rs
+++ b/swarm-test/src/lib.rs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use libp2p_core::{
     multiaddr::Protocol, transport::MemoryTransport, upgrade::Version, Multiaddr, Transport,
 };
 use libp2p_identity::{Keypair, PeerId};
-use libp2p_plaintext::PlainText2Config;
+use libp2p_plaintext as plaintext;
 use libp2p_swarm::dial_opts::PeerCondition;
 use libp2p_swarm::{
     dial_opts::DialOpts, NetworkBehaviour, Swarm, SwarmBuilder, SwarmEvent, THandlerErr,
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ pub trait SwarmExt {
 
     /// Create a new [`Swarm`] with an ephemeral identity.
     ///
-    /// The swarm will use a [`MemoryTransport`] together with [`PlainText2Config`] authentication layer and
-    /// yamux as the multiplexer. However, these details should not be relied upon by the test
+    /// The swarm will use a [`MemoryTransport`] together with a [`plaintext::Config`] authentication layer and
+    /// [`yamux::Config`] as the multiplexer. However, these details should not be relied upon by the test
     /// and may change at any time.
     fn new_ephemeral(behaviour_fn: impl FnOnce(Keypair) -> Self::NB) -> Self
     where
@@ -211,9 +211,7 @@ where
         let transport = MemoryTransport::default()
             .or_transport(libp2p_tcp::async_io::Transport::default())
             .upgrade(Version::V1)
-            .authenticate(PlainText2Config {
-                local_public_key: identity.public(),
-            })
+            .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(&identity))
             .multiplex(yamux::Config::default())
             .timeout(Duration::from_secs(20))
             .boxed();
diff --git a/swarm/src/lib.rs b/swarm/src/lib.rs
index e9f08d4c14c..44dc3c8da66 100644
--- a/swarm/src/lib.rs
+++ b/swarm/src/lib.rs
@@ -1848,9 +1848,7 @@ mod tests {
         let local_public_key = id_keys.public();
         let transport = transport::MemoryTransport::default()
             .upgrade(upgrade::Version::V1)
-            .authenticate(plaintext::PlainText2Config {
-                local_public_key: local_public_key.clone(),
-            })
+            .authenticate(plaintext::Config::new(&id_keys))
             .multiplex(yamux::Config::default())
             .boxed();
         let behaviour = CallTraceBehaviour::new(MockBehaviour::new(dummy::ConnectionHandler));
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/CHANGELOG.md b/transports/plaintext/CHANGELOG.md
index 63fd538f6ba..dbbc04b5003 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/transports/plaintext/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+## 0.40.1 - unreleased
+
+- Rename `Plaintext2Config` to `Config` to follow naming conventions across repository.
+  See [PR 4535](https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p/pull/4535).
+
 ## 0.40.0 
 
 - Raise MSRV to 1.65.
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/Cargo.toml b/transports/plaintext/Cargo.toml
index 1f15004d3f4..573114672da 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/Cargo.toml
+++ b/transports/plaintext/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name = "libp2p-plaintext"
 edition = "2021"
 rust-version = { workspace = true }
 description = "Plaintext encryption dummy protocol for libp2p"
-version = "0.40.0"
+version = "0.40.1"
 authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 license = "MIT"
 repository = "https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p"
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/src/error.rs b/transports/plaintext/src/error.rs
index 23f196f147f..a1e4d8660df 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/src/error.rs
+++ b/transports/plaintext/src/error.rs
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ use std::fmt;
 use std::io::Error as IoError;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum PlainTextError {
+pub enum Error {
     /// I/O error.
-    IoError(IoError),
+    Io(IoError),
 
     /// Failed to parse the handshake protobuf message.
     InvalidPayload(DecodeError),
@@ -55,52 +55,52 @@ impl error::Error for DecodeError {
     }
 }
 
-impl error::Error for PlainTextError {
+impl error::Error for Error {
     fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn error::Error> {
         match *self {
-            PlainTextError::IoError(ref err) => Some(err),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPayload(ref err) => Some(err),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPublicKey(ref err) => Some(err),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPeerId(ref err) => Some(err),
+            Error::Io(ref err) => Some(err),
+            Error::InvalidPayload(ref err) => Some(err),
+            Error::InvalidPublicKey(ref err) => Some(err),
+            Error::InvalidPeerId(ref err) => Some(err),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl fmt::Display for PlainTextError {
+impl fmt::Display for Error {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
         match self {
-            PlainTextError::IoError(e) => write!(f, "I/O error: {e}"),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPayload(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode protobuf"),
-            PlainTextError::PeerIdMismatch => f.write_str(
+            Error::Io(e) => write!(f, "I/O error: {e}"),
+            Error::InvalidPayload(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode protobuf"),
+            Error::PeerIdMismatch => f.write_str(
                 "The peer id of the exchange isn't consistent with the remote public key",
             ),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPublicKey(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode public key"),
-            PlainTextError::InvalidPeerId(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode PeerId"),
+            Error::InvalidPublicKey(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode public key"),
+            Error::InvalidPeerId(_) => f.write_str("Failed to decode PeerId"),
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl From<IoError> for PlainTextError {
-    fn from(err: IoError) -> PlainTextError {
-        PlainTextError::IoError(err)
+impl From<IoError> for Error {
+    fn from(err: IoError) -> Error {
+        Error::Io(err)
     }
 }
 
-impl From<DecodeError> for PlainTextError {
-    fn from(err: DecodeError) -> PlainTextError {
-        PlainTextError::InvalidPayload(err)
+impl From<DecodeError> for Error {
+    fn from(err: DecodeError) -> Error {
+        Error::InvalidPayload(err)
     }
 }
 
-impl From<libp2p_identity::DecodingError> for PlainTextError {
-    fn from(err: libp2p_identity::DecodingError) -> PlainTextError {
-        PlainTextError::InvalidPublicKey(err)
+impl From<libp2p_identity::DecodingError> for Error {
+    fn from(err: libp2p_identity::DecodingError) -> Error {
+        Error::InvalidPublicKey(err)
     }
 }
 
-impl From<libp2p_identity::ParseError> for PlainTextError {
-    fn from(err: libp2p_identity::ParseError) -> PlainTextError {
-        PlainTextError::InvalidPeerId(err)
+impl From<libp2p_identity::ParseError> for Error {
+    fn from(err: libp2p_identity::ParseError) -> Error {
+        Error::InvalidPeerId(err)
     }
 }
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/src/handshake.rs b/transports/plaintext/src/handshake.rs
index 46dd6119d92..05e3b9085a0 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/src/handshake.rs
+++ b/transports/plaintext/src/handshake.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 // FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 // DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-use crate::error::{DecodeError, PlainTextError};
+use crate::error::{DecodeError, Error};
 use crate::proto::Exchange;
-use crate::PlainText2Config;
+use crate::Config;
 
 use asynchronous_codec::{Framed, FramedParts};
 use bytes::{Bytes, BytesMut};
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use std::io::{Error as IoError, ErrorKind as IoErrorKind};
 use unsigned_varint::codec::UviBytes;
 
 struct HandshakeContext<T> {
-    config: PlainText2Config,
+    config: Config,
     state: T,
 }
 
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ pub(crate) struct Remote {
 }
 
 impl HandshakeContext<Local> {
-    fn new(config: PlainText2Config) -> Self {
+    fn new(config: Config) -> Self {
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let exchange = Exchange {
             id: Some(config.local_public_key.to_peer_id().to_bytes()),
             pubkey: Some(config.local_public_key.encode_protobuf()),
@@ -69,10 +70,7 @@ impl HandshakeContext<Local> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn with_remote(
-        self,
-        exchange_bytes: BytesMut,
-    ) -> Result<HandshakeContext<Remote>, PlainTextError> {
+    fn with_remote(self, exchange_bytes: BytesMut) -> Result<HandshakeContext<Remote>, Error> {
         let mut reader = BytesReader::from_bytes(&exchange_bytes);
         let prop = Exchange::from_reader(&mut reader, &exchange_bytes).map_err(DecodeError)?;
 
@@ -81,7 +79,7 @@ impl HandshakeContext<Local> {
 
         // Check the validity of the remote's `Exchange`.
         if peer_id != public_key.to_peer_id() {
-            return Err(PlainTextError::PeerIdMismatch);
+            return Err(Error::PeerIdMismatch);
         }
 
         Ok(HandshakeContext {
@@ -94,10 +92,7 @@ impl HandshakeContext<Local> {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) async fn handshake<S>(
-    socket: S,
-    config: PlainText2Config,
-) -> Result<(S, Remote, Bytes), PlainTextError>
+pub(crate) async fn handshake<S>(socket: S, config: Config) -> Result<(S, Remote, Bytes), Error>
 where
     S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Unpin,
 {
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/src/lib.rs b/transports/plaintext/src/lib.rs
index 76e70a025b7..fa7cba6b8ff 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/src/lib.rs
+++ b/transports/plaintext/src/lib.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]
 
-use crate::error::PlainTextError;
+use crate::error::Error;
 
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use futures::future::BoxFuture;
@@ -46,14 +46,29 @@ mod proto {
     pub(crate) use self::structs::Exchange;
 }
 
-/// `PlainText2Config` is an insecure connection handshake for testing purposes only, implementing
-/// the libp2p plaintext connection handshake specification.
+#[deprecated(note = "Has been renamed to `Config`.")]
+pub type PlainText2Config = Config;
+
+#[deprecated(note = "Has been renamed to `Output`.")]
+pub type PlainTextOutput<T> = Output<T>;
+
+/// [`Config`] is an insecure connection handshake for testing purposes only.
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct PlainText2Config {
+pub struct Config {
+    #[deprecated(note = "Will be made private in the future, please use `Config::new` instead!")]
     pub local_public_key: identity::PublicKey,
 }
 
-impl UpgradeInfo for PlainText2Config {
+impl Config {
+    #[allow(deprecated)]
+    pub fn new(identity: &identity::Keypair) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            local_public_key: identity.public(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl UpgradeInfo for Config {
     type Info = &'static str;
     type InfoIter = iter::Once<Self::Info>;
 
@@ -62,12 +77,12 @@ impl UpgradeInfo for PlainText2Config {
     }
 }
 
-impl<C> InboundUpgrade<C> for PlainText2Config
+impl<C> InboundUpgrade<C> for Config
 where
     C: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Unpin + 'static,
 {
-    type Output = (PeerId, PlainTextOutput<C>);
-    type Error = PlainTextError;
+    type Output = (PeerId, Output<C>);
+    type Error = Error;
     type Future = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
     fn upgrade_inbound(self, socket: C, _: Self::Info) -> Self::Future {
@@ -75,12 +90,12 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-impl<C> OutboundUpgrade<C> for PlainText2Config
+impl<C> OutboundUpgrade<C> for Config
 where
     C: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Unpin + 'static,
 {
-    type Output = (PeerId, PlainTextOutput<C>);
-    type Error = PlainTextError;
+    type Output = (PeerId, Output<C>);
+    type Error = Error;
     type Future = BoxFuture<'static, Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;
 
     fn upgrade_outbound(self, socket: C, _: Self::Info) -> Self::Future {
@@ -88,8 +103,8 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-impl PlainText2Config {
-    async fn handshake<T>(self, socket: T) -> Result<(PeerId, PlainTextOutput<T>), PlainTextError>
+impl Config {
+    async fn handshake<T>(self, socket: T) -> Result<(PeerId, Output<T>), Error>
     where
         T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + Unpin + 'static,
     {
@@ -99,7 +114,7 @@ impl PlainText2Config {
 
         Ok((
             remote.peer_id,
-            PlainTextOutput {
+            Output {
                 socket,
                 remote_key: remote.public_key,
                 read_buffer,
@@ -109,7 +124,7 @@ impl PlainText2Config {
 }
 
 /// Output of the plaintext protocol.
-pub struct PlainTextOutput<S>
+pub struct Output<S>
 where
     S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin,
 {
@@ -123,7 +138,7 @@ where
     read_buffer: Bytes,
 }
 
-impl<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> AsyncRead for PlainTextOutput<S> {
+impl<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> AsyncRead for Output<S> {
     fn poll_read(
         mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
@@ -139,7 +154,7 @@ impl<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> AsyncRead for PlainTextOutput<S> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> AsyncWrite for PlainTextOutput<S> {
+impl<S: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin> AsyncWrite for Output<S> {
     fn poll_write(
         mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
         cx: &mut Context<'_>,
diff --git a/transports/plaintext/tests/smoke.rs b/transports/plaintext/tests/smoke.rs
index 7147ed56686..ed18fb44cba 100644
--- a/transports/plaintext/tests/smoke.rs
+++ b/transports/plaintext/tests/smoke.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 use futures::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
 use libp2p_core::InboundUpgrade;
 use libp2p_identity as identity;
-use libp2p_plaintext::PlainText2Config;
+use libp2p_plaintext as plaintext;
 use log::debug;
 use quickcheck::QuickCheck;
 
@@ -34,10 +34,7 @@ fn variable_msg_length() {
         let msg_to_receive = msg;
 
         let server_id = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-        let server_id_public = server_id.public();
-
         let client_id = identity::Keypair::generate_ed25519();
-        let client_id_public = client_id.public();
 
         let (server, client) = futures_ringbuf::Endpoint::pair(100, 100);
 
@@ -46,14 +43,8 @@ fn variable_msg_length() {
                 (received_client_id, mut server_channel),
                 (received_server_id, mut client_channel),
             ) = futures::future::try_join(
-                PlainText2Config {
-                    local_public_key: server_id_public,
-                }
-                .upgrade_inbound(server, ""),
-                PlainText2Config {
-                    local_public_key: client_id_public,
-                }
-                .upgrade_inbound(client, ""),
+                plaintext::Config::new(&server_id).upgrade_inbound(server, ""),
+                plaintext::Config::new(&client_id).upgrade_inbound(client, ""),
             )
             .await
             .unwrap();