diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 386bc4f..531531d 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Package: clinfun
 Title: Clinical Trial Design and Data Analysis Functions
-Version: 1.1.4
+Version: 1.1.5
 Depends: R (>= 3.0.0), graphics, stats
 Imports: mvtnorm
 Suggests: knitr, rmarkdown, survival
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 0262dce..04f6ae5 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+# clinfun 1.1.5 (10/19/2023)
+
+* clarified one-sided vs two-sided futility boundary for gsdesign functions
+
 # clinfun 1.1.4 (10/12/2023)
 
 * added check for n; since it is for stopping early at least two values should be given
diff --git a/man/gsdesign.Rd b/man/gsdesign.Rd
index 373bca9..2963136 100644
--- a/man/gsdesign.Rd
+++ b/man/gsdesign.Rd
@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@ gsdesign.survival(ifrac, haz.ratio, r = 1, sig.level = 0.05,
 }
 \value{
   a list with ifrac, sig.level, power, alternative, delta.eb, delta.fb and:
-  \item{efbdry}{the critical value to use at the different looks.}
-  \item{futbdry}{the critical value to use at the different looks.}
+  \item{efbdry}{the critical value to use at the different looks. For
+  two-sided alternative the absolute test statistic should exceed this.}
+  \item{futbdry}{the critical value to use at the different looks. For
+  two-sided alternative the absolute test statistic should be below this.}
   \item{sample.size}{the sample size per arm for binomial/normal data.}
   \item{num.events}{the total number of failures which should be
     converted to number of subjects using censoring proportion.}  
@@ -59,11 +61,24 @@ gsdesign.survival(ifrac, haz.ratio, r = 1, sig.level = 0.05,
   The futility boundary is not returned when delta.fb is not specified
   i.e. stopping for futility is not requested.  The futility boundary is
   non-binding.  That is the significance level is not adjusted to account
-  for early stopping for utility.  This makes the test a bit conservative
+  for early stopping for futility.  This makes the test a bit conservative 
   in that the true size is less than the nominal level.
 
+  If the alternative is two-sided by default the futility boundary will
+  also be two-sided i.e. continuation region is wedge shaped. However,
+  if the goal is to show the superiority of the experimental treatment
+  then futility boundary should be one sided. This can be achieved by
+  deriving the boundaries for one-sided alternative and significance
+  level set at half of the value used for two sided alternative. See the
+  examples section for a representative design for which the trial
+  cannot be stopped at the first look for futility.
+
   The Casagrande-Pike-Smith type continuity correction is obtained using
   the formula \deqn{n*[1 + \sqrt{1+4/(|pC-pE|*n)}]^2} where n is
   the uncorrected sample size.
 }
+\examples{
+  gsdesign.normal(1:4/4, 0.25, sig.level=0.05, alt="t", delta.fb=0.5)
+  gsdesign.normal(1:4/4, 0.25, sig.level=0.025, alt="o", delta.fb=0.5)
+}
 \keyword{design}