diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/parse.spec.ts b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/parse.spec.ts
index 22fb209cfb9..37e81e64924 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/parse.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/__tests__/parse.spec.ts
@@ -1358,7 +1358,27 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
         name: 'on',
         rawName: 'v-on.enter',
         arg: undefined,
-        modifiers: ['enter'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'enter',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 16,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 15,
+              },
+              source: 'enter',
+              start: {
+                column: 11,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 10,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: undefined,
         loc: {
           start: { offset: 5, line: 1, column: 6 },
@@ -1377,7 +1397,46 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
         name: 'on',
         rawName: 'v-on.enter.exact',
         arg: undefined,
-        modifiers: ['enter', 'exact'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'enter',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 16,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 15,
+              },
+              source: 'enter',
+              start: {
+                column: 11,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 10,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'exact',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 22,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 21,
+              },
+              source: 'exact',
+              start: {
+                column: 17,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 16,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: undefined,
         loc: {
           start: { offset: 5, line: 1, column: 6 },
@@ -1406,7 +1465,46 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
             source: 'click',
           },
         },
-        modifiers: ['enter', 'exact'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'enter',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 22,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 21,
+              },
+              source: 'enter',
+              start: {
+                column: 17,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 16,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'exact',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 28,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 27,
+              },
+              source: 'exact',
+              start: {
+                column: 23,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 22,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: undefined,
         loc: {
           start: { offset: 5, line: 1, column: 6 },
@@ -1435,7 +1533,27 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
             source: '[a.b]',
           },
         },
-        modifiers: ['camel'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'camel',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 22,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 21,
+              },
+              source: 'camel',
+              start: {
+                column: 17,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 16,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: undefined,
         loc: {
           start: { offset: 5, line: 1, column: 6 },
@@ -1530,7 +1648,27 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
             source: 'a',
           },
         },
-        modifiers: ['prop'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 0,
+            content: 'prop',
+            isStatic: false,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 1,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 0,
+              },
+              source: '',
+              start: {
+                column: 1,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 0,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: {
           type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
           content: 'b',
@@ -1569,7 +1707,27 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
             source: 'a',
           },
         },
-        modifiers: ['sync'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'sync',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 13,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 12,
+              },
+              source: 'sync',
+              start: {
+                column: 9,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 8,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: {
           type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
           content: 'b',
@@ -1649,7 +1807,27 @@ describe('compiler: parse', () => {
             source: 'a',
           },
         },
-        modifiers: ['enter'],
+        modifiers: [
+          {
+            constType: 3,
+            content: 'enter',
+            isStatic: true,
+            loc: {
+              end: {
+                column: 14,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 13,
+              },
+              source: 'enter',
+              start: {
+                column: 9,
+                line: 1,
+                offset: 8,
+              },
+            },
+            type: 4,
+          },
+        ],
         exp: {
           type: NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION,
           content: 'b',
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
index 8116f532b79..cfd5fee2569 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/ast.ts
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ export interface DirectiveNode extends Node {
   rawName?: string
   exp: ExpressionNode | undefined
   arg: ExpressionNode | undefined
-  modifiers: string[]
+  modifiers: SimpleExpressionNode[]
   /**
    * optional property to cache the expression parse result for v-for
    */
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/parser.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/parser.ts
index cac943dd63d..304807d076a 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/parser.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/parser.ts
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ const tokenizer = new Tokenizer(stack, {
         rawName: raw,
         exp: undefined,
         arg: undefined,
-        modifiers: raw === '.' ? ['prop'] : [],
+        modifiers: raw === '.' ? [createSimpleExpression('prop')] : [],
         loc: getLoc(start),
       }
       if (name === 'pre') {
@@ -273,7 +273,8 @@ const tokenizer = new Tokenizer(stack, {
         setLocEnd(arg.loc, end)
       }
     } else {
-      ;(currentProp as DirectiveNode).modifiers.push(mod)
+      const exp = createSimpleExpression(mod, true, getLoc(start, end))
+      ;(currentProp as DirectiveNode).modifiers.push(exp)
     }
   },
 
@@ -379,7 +380,9 @@ const tokenizer = new Tokenizer(stack, {
           if (
             __COMPAT__ &&
             currentProp.name === 'bind' &&
-            (syncIndex = currentProp.modifiers.indexOf('sync')) > -1 &&
+            (syncIndex = currentProp.modifiers.findIndex(
+              mod => mod.content === 'sync',
+            )) > -1 &&
             checkCompatEnabled(
               CompilerDeprecationTypes.COMPILER_V_BIND_SYNC,
               currentOptions,
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/transformElement.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/transformElement.ts
index c917436ea91..76ca1d44353 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/transformElement.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/transformElement.ts
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ export function buildProps(
       }
 
       // force hydration for v-bind with .prop modifier
-      if (isVBind && modifiers.includes('prop')) {
+      if (isVBind && modifiers.some(mod => mod.content === 'prop')) {
         patchFlag |= PatchFlags.NEED_HYDRATION
       }
 
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vBind.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vBind.ts
index 76a36145c06..233ed1e7e86 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vBind.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vBind.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export const transformBind: DirectiveTransform = (dir, _node, context) => {
   }
 
   // .sync is replaced by v-model:arg
-  if (modifiers.includes('camel')) {
+  if (modifiers.some(mod => mod.content === 'camel')) {
     if (arg.type === NodeTypes.SIMPLE_EXPRESSION) {
       if (arg.isStatic) {
         arg.content = camelize(arg.content)
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ export const transformBind: DirectiveTransform = (dir, _node, context) => {
   }
 
   if (!context.inSSR) {
-    if (modifiers.includes('prop')) {
+    if (modifiers.some(mod => mod.content === 'prop')) {
       injectPrefix(arg, '.')
     }
-    if (modifiers.includes('attr')) {
+    if (modifiers.some(mod => mod.content === 'attr')) {
       injectPrefix(arg, '^')
     }
   }
diff --git a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vModel.ts b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vModel.ts
index 60c7dc63bd1..f168c181803 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vModel.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-core/src/transforms/vModel.ts
@@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ export const transformModel: DirectiveTransform = (dir, node, context) => {
   // modelModifiers: { foo: true, "bar-baz": true }
   if (dir.modifiers.length && node.tagType === ElementTypes.COMPONENT) {
     const modifiers = dir.modifiers
+      .map(m => m.content)
       .map(m => (isSimpleIdentifier(m) ? m : JSON.stringify(m)) + `: true`)
       .join(`, `)
     const modifiersKey = arg
diff --git a/packages/compiler-dom/src/transforms/vOn.ts b/packages/compiler-dom/src/transforms/vOn.ts
index 335b84a2ed1..618d12f7153 100644
--- a/packages/compiler-dom/src/transforms/vOn.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler-dom/src/transforms/vOn.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ const isKeyboardEvent = /*@__PURE__*/ makeMap(
 
 const resolveModifiers = (
   key: ExpressionNode,
-  modifiers: string[],
+  modifiers: SimpleExpressionNode[],
   context: TransformContext,
   loc: SourceLocation,
 ) => {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ const resolveModifiers = (
   const eventOptionModifiers = []
 
   for (let i = 0; i < modifiers.length; i++) {
-    const modifier = modifiers[i]
+    const modifier = modifiers[i].content
 
     if (
       __COMPAT__ &&