[receiver/k8scluster] Add Node resource attributes (open-telemetry#30343

)

**Description:**
I would like to use k8s cluster receiver to get more information about
Node, such as Container Runtime Version, OS version and OS description.

This is how it looks when using kind:
```
k8s_node_allocatable_cpu_{container_runtime="containerd", container_runtime_version="1.6.9", k8s_kubelet_version="v1.25.3", k8s_node_name="kind-control-plane", k8s_node_uid="29b8a758-ac58-45e7-9091-b9ed2e285be9", os_description="Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS", os_version="6.6.10-arch1-1"}

```

**Link to tracking Issue:**

open-telemetry#30342

.chloggen/k8scluster_add-resource-attributes.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: k8sclusterreceiver
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: "add new disabled os.version, os.description, k8s.container_runtime.version resource attributes" 
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [30342]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [user]

receiver/k8sclusterreceiver/documentation.md

@@ -425,6 +425,8 @@ Current status reason of the pod (1 - Evicted, 2 - NodeAffinity, 3 - NodeLost, 4
 | container.id | The container id. | Any Str | true |
 | container.image.name | The container image name | Any Str | true |
 | container.image.tag | The container image tag | Any Str | true |
+| container.runtime | The container runtime used by Kubernetes Node. | Any Str | false |
+| container.runtime.version | The version of container runtime used by Kubernetes Node. | Any Str | false |
 | k8s.container.name | The k8s container name | Any Str | true |
 | k8s.cronjob.name | The k8s CronJob name | Any Str | true |
 | k8s.cronjob.uid | The k8s CronJob uid. | Any Str | true |
@@ -455,3 +457,5 @@ Current status reason of the pod (1 - Evicted, 2 - NodeAffinity, 3 - NodeLost, 4
 | k8s.statefulset.uid | The k8s statefulset uid. | Any Str | true |
 | openshift.clusterquota.name | The k8s ClusterResourceQuota name. | Any Str | true |
 | openshift.clusterquota.uid | The k8s ClusterResourceQuota uid. | Any Str | true |
+| os.description | The os description used by Kubernetes Node. | Any Str | false |
+| os.version | The version of operating system used by Kubernetes Node. | Any Str | false |

receiver/k8sclusterreceiver/internal/metadata/testdata/config.yaml

@@ -96,6 +96,10 @@ all_set:
       enabled: true
     container.image.tag:
       enabled: true
+    container.runtime:
+      enabled: true
+    container.runtime.version:
+      enabled: true
     k8s.container.name:
       enabled: true
     k8s.cronjob.name:
@@ -156,6 +160,10 @@ all_set:
       enabled: true
     openshift.clusterquota.uid:
       enabled: true
+    os.description:
+      enabled: true
+    os.version:
+      enabled: true
 none_set:
   metrics:
     k8s.container.cpu_limit:
@@ -253,6 +261,10 @@ none_set:
       enabled: false
     container.image.tag:
       enabled: false
+    container.runtime:
+      enabled: false
+    container.runtime.version:
+      enabled: false
     k8s.container.name:
       enabled: false
     k8s.cronjob.name:
@@ -313,3 +325,7 @@ none_set:
       enabled: false
     openshift.clusterquota.uid:
       enabled: false
+    os.description:
+      enabled: false
+    os.version:
+      enabled: false

receiver/k8sclusterreceiver/internal/node/nodes.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package node // import "github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contri
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/iancoleman/strcase"
@@ -34,8 +35,11 @@ func Transform(node *corev1.Node) *corev1.Node {
 		Status: corev1.NodeStatus{
 			Allocatable: node.Status.Allocatable,
 			NodeInfo: corev1.NodeSystemInfo{
-				KubeletVersion:   node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeletVersion,
-				KubeProxyVersion: node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeProxyVersion,
+				KubeletVersion:          node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeletVersion,
+				KubeProxyVersion:        node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeProxyVersion,
+				KernelVersion:           node.Status.NodeInfo.KernelVersion,
+				ContainerRuntimeVersion: node.Status.NodeInfo.ContainerRuntimeVersion,
+				OSImage:                 node.Status.NodeInfo.OSImage,
 			},
 		},
 	}
@@ -111,6 +115,17 @@ func CustomMetrics(set receiver.CreateSettings, rb *metadata.ResourceBuilder, no
 	rb.SetK8sNodeName(node.Name)
 	rb.SetK8sKubeletVersion(node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeletVersion)
 	rb.SetK8sKubeproxyVersion(node.Status.NodeInfo.KubeProxyVersion)
+	rb.SetOsVersion(node.Status.NodeInfo.KernelVersion)
+
+	runtime, version := getContainerRuntimeInfo(node.Status.NodeInfo.ContainerRuntimeVersion)
+	if runtime != "" {
+		rb.SetContainerRuntime(runtime)
+	}
+	if version != "" {
+		rb.SetContainerRuntimeVersion(version)
+	}
+
+	rb.SetOsDescription(node.Status.NodeInfo.OSImage)
 	rb.Emit().MoveTo(rm.Resource())
 	return rm
 }
@@ -149,6 +164,16 @@ func GetMetadata(node *corev1.Node) map[experimentalmetricmetadata.ResourceID]*m
 	}
 }
 
+func getContainerRuntimeInfo(rawInfo string) (runtime string, version string) {
+	// Kubelet reports container runtime version in the following format:
+	// <runtime-name>://<version>
+	parts := strings.Split(rawInfo, "://")
+
+	if len(parts) == 2 {
+		return parts[0], parts[1]
+	}
+	return "", ""
+}
 func getNodeConditionMetric(nodeConditionTypeValue string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("k8s.node.condition_%s", strcase.ToSnake(nodeConditionTypeValue))
 }