docs(yellowpaper): avm tree-access operations

[dbanks12]

AVM section of yp is previewed here, with instruction set is previewed here

Blocked by #4554

Follow-up work:

1. Clean up mentions of contractCalls and decide whether it belongs in the world state access trace.
2. Formally define clk and callPointer as part of state
3. Define counter/endLifetime and explain their initialization
4. Clean up Circuit I/O
5. Redo (or add detail) to call and return instructions
6. Reevaluate whether HEADERMEMBER should really revert when specified leaf index does not exist.
7. Decide whether we need SessionState for things like clk and also for accrued substate and traces. How can we enforce rules on max accrued substate entries if each call only tracks its own?

[AztecBot]

Benchmark results

No metrics with a significant change found.

Detailed results

All benchmarks are run on txs on the Benchmarking contract on the repository. Each tx consists of a batch call to create_note and increment_balance, which guarantees that each tx has a private call, a nested private call, a public call, and a nested public call, as well as an emitted private note, an unencrypted log, and public storage read and write.

This benchmark source data is available in JSON format on S3 here.

Values are compared against data from master at commit 1fe674b0 and shown if the difference exceeds 1%.

L2 block published to L1

Each column represents the number of txs on an L2 block published to L1.

Metric	8 txs	32 txs	128 txs
l1_rollup_calldata_size_in_bytes	45,956	181,604	724,196
l1_rollup_calldata_gas	227,240	888,356	3,535,796
l1_rollup_execution_gas	320,431	1,006,804	3,756,174
l2_block_processing_time_in_ms	1,153	4,617 (+6%)	17,205 (-1%)
note_successful_decrypting_time_in_ms	310 (-1%)	1,002 (+2%)	3,590 (-3%)
note_trial_decrypting_time_in_ms	22.4 (-3%)	32.2 (-70%)	142 (-7%)
l2_block_building_time_in_ms	18,179	71,832	288,821
l2_block_rollup_simulation_time_in_ms	13,503	53,342	214,773
l2_block_public_tx_process_time_in_ms	4,645	18,414	73,785 (-1%)

L2 chain processing

Each column represents the number of blocks on the L2 chain where each block has 16 txs.

Metric	5 blocks	10 blocks
node_history_sync_time_in_ms	14,322 (-3%)	27,752 (-7%)
note_history_successful_decrypting_time_in_ms	2,435 (-2%)	4,535 (-3%)
note_history_trial_decrypting_time_in_ms	84.2 (-7%)	159 (-11%)
node_database_size_in_bytes	17,289,296	33,206,352
pxe_database_size_in_bytes	29,923	59,478

Circuits stats

Stats on running time and I/O sizes collected for every circuit run across all benchmarks.

Circuit	circuit_simulation_time_in_ms	circuit_input_size_in_bytes	circuit_output_size_in_bytes
private-kernel-init	326 (-1%)	44,528	25,313
private-kernel-ordering	196	43,633	16,193
base-rollup	1,457 (-3%)	129,774	933
root-rollup	82.1 (-1%)	4,192	729
private-kernel-inner	435	70,819	25,313
public-kernel-private-input	238 (-4%)	33,663	26,945
public-kernel-non-first-iteration	237 (-4%)	33,705	26,945
merge-rollup	7.84 (-2%)	2,712	933

Tree insertion stats

The duration to insert a fixed batch of leaves into each tree type.

Metric	1 leaves	2 leaves	8 leaves	16 leaves	32 leaves	128 leaves	64 leaves	512 leaves	1024 leaves	2048 leaves	8192 leaves
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_16_depth_ms	10.2 (-1%)	10.9 (-3%)	12.6 (-1%)	16.9	22.7	63.8 (-1%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_16_depth_hash_count	16.9	17.5	23.0	31.6	47.0	143	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_16_depth_hash_ms	0.592 (-1%)	0.608 (-3%)	0.537 (-1%)	0.524	0.476	0.441	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_32_depth_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	75.0	47.3 (-1%)	238	459 (-1%)	895	3,544
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_32_depth_hash_count	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	159	96.0	543	1,055	2,079	8,223
batch_insert_into_append_only_tree_32_depth_hash_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.464	0.486	0.435	0.431 (-1%)	0.427	0.426
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_20_depth_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	102 (-3%)	56.5 (-1%)	349 (-1%)	684 (-1%)	1,360 (-1%)	5,399 (-1%)
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_20_depth_hash_count	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	197	104	691	1,363	2,707	10,771
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_20_depth_hash_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.490 (-2%)	0.495	0.473	0.471 (-1%)	0.474	0.471
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_40_depth_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	56.3 (-1%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_40_depth_hash_count	N/A	N/A	N/A	94.1	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
batch_insert_into_indexed_tree_40_depth_hash_ms	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.577	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

Miscellaneous

Transaction sizes based on how many contracts are deployed in the tx.

Metric	0 deployed contracts	1 deployed contracts
tx_size_in_bytes	16,859	39,794

Transaction processing duration by data writes.

Metric	0 new commitments	1 new commitments
tx_pxe_processing_time_ms	551 (-1%)	1,437 (-1%)

Metric	0 public data writes	1 public data writes
tx_sequencer_processing_time_ms	0.505 (-6%)	572 (-4%)