Add missing overloads for thrust::pow

[miscco]

Also add proper type checks for all of those overloads so that we can ensure that we are

this fixes nvbug[4397241

[github-actions]

Backport failed for branch/2.3.x, because it was unable to cherry-pick the commit(s).

Please cherry-pick the changes locally.

git fetch origin branch/2.3.x
git worktree add -d .worktree/backport-1222-to-branch/2.3.x origin/branch/2.3.x
cd .worktree/backport-1222-to-branch/2.3.x
git checkout -b backport-1222-to-branch/2.3.x
ancref=$(git merge-base a2efabac4d78dc1f29c40fe71f46db56b8411667 d24f9e99be708190fb998aebfd0bda3cd7d62956)
git cherry-pick -x $ancref..d24f9e99be708190fb998aebfd0bda3cd7d62956