Tilemaker creates vector tiles (in Mapbox Vector Tile format) from an .osm.pbf planet extract, as typically downloaded from providers like Geofabrik. It aims to be 'stack-free': you need no database and there is only one executable to install.
Vector tiles are used by many in-browser/app renderers, and can also power server-side raster rendering. They enable on-the-fly style changes and greater interactivity, while imposing less of a storage burden. You can output them to individual files, or to a SQLite (.mbtiles) database.
Tilemaker keeps nodes and ways in RAM. If you're processing a country extract or larger, you'll need a lot of RAM. It's best suited to city and region extracts.
Tilemaker is written in C++11. The chief dependencies are:
- Google Protocol Buffers
- Boost (latest version advised, 1.56 minimum: for boost::geometry, boost::program_options, boost::filesystem, boost::variant)
- Lua 5.1
- sqlite3
- shapelib
rapidjson, sqlite_modern_cpp, clipper, kaguya and sparse-map are bundled in the include/ directory.
You can then simply install with:
make
sudo make install
For detailed installation instructions for your operating system, see INSTALL.md.
Tilemaker comes with configuration files compatible with the popular OpenMapTiles schema, and a demonstration map server. You'll run tilemaker to make vector tiles from your .osm.pbf source data. To create the tiles:
tilemaker tilemaker --input /path/to/your/input.osm.pbf \
--output /path/to/your/output.mbtiles \
--config resources/config-openmaptiles.json \
--process resources/process-openmaptiles.lua
If you want to include sea tiles, then create a directory called coastline in the same place you're running tilemaker from, and then save the files from https://osmdata.openstreetmap.de/download/water-polygons-split-4326.zip in it, such that tilemaker can find a file at coastline/water_polygons.shp.
Then, to serve your tiles using the demonstration server:
cd server
ruby server.rb /path/to/your/output.mbtiles
You can now navigate to http://localhost:8080/ and see your map!
Vector tiles contain (generally thematic) 'layers'. For example, your tiles might contain river, cycleway and railway layers. It's up to you what OSM data goes into each layer. You configure this in Tilemaker with two files:
- a JSON file listing each layer, and the zoom levels at which to apply it
- a Lua program that looks at each node/way's tags, and places it into layers accordingly
You can read more about these in CONFIGURATION.md.
At its simplest, you can create a set of vector tiles from a .pbf with this command:
tilemaker liechtenstein-latest.osm.pbf --output=liechtenstein.mbtiles
Output can be as individual files to a directory, or to an MBTiles file aka a SQLite database (with extension .mbtiles or .sqlite). Any existing MBTiles file will be deleted (if you don't want this, specify --merge).
The JSON configuration and Lua processing files are specified with --config and --process respectively. Defaults are config.json and process.lua in the current directory. If there is no config.json and process.lua in the current directory, and you do not specify --config and --process, an error will result.
You can get a run-down of available options with
tilemaker --help
When running, you may see "couldn't find constituent way" messages. This happens when the .pbf file contains a multipolygon relation, but not all the relation's members are present. Typically, this will happen when a multipolygon crosses the border of the extract - for example, a county boundary formed by a river with islands. In this case, the river will simply not be written to the tiles.
See https://github.com/mapbox/awesome-vector-tiles for a list of renderers which support vector tiles.
Bug reports, suggestions and (especially!) pull requests are very welcome on the Github issue tracker. Please check the tracker to see if your issue is already known, and be nice. For questions, please use IRC (irc.oftc.net or http://irc.osm.org, channel #osm-dev) and http://help.osm.org.
Formatting: braces and indents as shown, hard tabs (4sp). (Yes, I know.) Please be conservative about adding dependencies or increasing the memory requirement.
Richard Fairhurst and contributors, 2015-2020. The tilemaker code is licensed as FTWPL; you may do anything you like with this code and there is no warranty. The included rapidjson (Milo Yip and THL A29), sqlite_modern_cpp (Amin Roosta), and sparse-map (Tessil) libraries are MIT; kaguya is licensed under the Boost Software Licence.
If you'd like to sponsor development of Tilemaker, you can contact me at [email protected].
Thank you to the usual suspects for support and advice (you know who you are), to Mapbox for developing vector tiles, and to Dennis Luxen for the introduction to Lua and the impetus to learn C++.
(Looking for a provider to host vector tiles? I recommend Thunderforest: http://thunderforest.com/)