Allow arbitrary configuration options to be overridden via the CLI

crates/ruff/Cargo.toml

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ serde_json = { workspace = true }
 shellexpand = { workspace = true }
 strum = { workspace = true, features = [] }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
+toml = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["log"] }
 walkdir = { workspace = true }
 wild = { workspace = true }

crates/ruff/src/commands/add_noqa.rs

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ use ruff_linter::warn_user_once;
 use ruff_python_ast::{PySourceType, SourceType};
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{python_files_in_path, PyprojectConfig, ResolvedFile};
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 
 /// Add `noqa` directives to a collection of files.
 pub(crate) fn add_noqa(
     files: &[PathBuf],
     pyproject_config: &PyprojectConfig,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    overrides: &ConfigArgs,
 ) -> Result<usize> {
     // Collect all the files to check.
     let start = Instant::now();

crates/ruff/src/commands/check.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use ruff_workspace::resolver::{
     match_exclusion, python_files_in_path, PyprojectConfig, ResolvedFile,
 };
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 use crate::cache::{Cache, PackageCacheMap, PackageCaches};
 use crate::diagnostics::Diagnostics;
 use crate::panic::catch_unwind;
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ use crate::panic::catch_unwind;
 pub(crate) fn check(
     files: &[PathBuf],
     pyproject_config: &PyprojectConfig,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    overrides: &ConfigArgs,
     cache: flags::Cache,
     noqa: flags::Noqa,
     fix_mode: flags::FixMode,
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ mod test {
     use ruff_workspace::resolver::{PyprojectConfig, PyprojectDiscoveryStrategy};
     use ruff_workspace::Settings;
 
-    use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+    use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 
     use super::check;
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ mod test {
             // Notebooks are not included by default
             &[tempdir.path().to_path_buf(), notebook],
             &pyproject_config,
-            &CliOverrides::default(),
+            &ConfigArgs::default(),
             flags::Cache::Disabled,
             flags::Noqa::Disabled,
             flags::FixMode::Generate,

crates/ruff/src/commands/check_stdin.rs

@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ use ruff_linter::packaging;
 use ruff_linter::settings::flags;
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{match_exclusion, python_file_at_path, PyprojectConfig, Resolver};
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 use crate::diagnostics::{lint_stdin, Diagnostics};
 use crate::stdin::{parrot_stdin, read_from_stdin};
 
 /// Run the linter over a single file, read from `stdin`.
 pub(crate) fn check_stdin(
     filename: Option<&Path>,
     pyproject_config: &PyprojectConfig,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    overrides: &ConfigArgs,
     noqa: flags::Noqa,
     fix_mode: flags::FixMode,
 ) -> Result<Diagnostics> {

crates/ruff/src/commands/format.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use ruff_text_size::{TextLen, TextRange, TextSize};
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{match_exclusion, python_files_in_path, ResolvedFile, Resolver};
 use ruff_workspace::FormatterSettings;
 
-use crate::args::{CliOverrides, FormatArguments};
+use crate::args::{ConfigArgs, FormatArguments};
 use crate::cache::{Cache, FileCacheKey, PackageCacheMap, PackageCaches};
 use crate::panic::{catch_unwind, PanicError};
 use crate::resolve::resolve;
@@ -59,18 +59,13 @@ impl FormatMode {
 /// Format a set of files, and return the exit status.
 pub(crate) fn format(
     cli: FormatArguments,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    config_args: &ConfigArgs,
     log_level: LogLevel,
 ) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
-    let pyproject_config = resolve(
-        cli.isolated,
-        cli.config.as_deref(),
-        overrides,
-        cli.stdin_filename.as_deref(),
-    )?;
+    let pyproject_config = resolve(cli.isolated, config_args, cli.stdin_filename.as_deref())?;
     let mode = FormatMode::from_cli(&cli);
     let files = resolve_default_files(cli.files, false);
-    let (paths, resolver) = python_files_in_path(&files, &pyproject_config, overrides)?;
+    let (paths, resolver) = python_files_in_path(&files, &pyproject_config, config_args)?;
 
     if paths.is_empty() {
         warn_user_once!("No Python files found under the given path(s)");

crates/ruff/src/commands/format_stdin.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use ruff_python_ast::{PySourceType, SourceType};
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{match_exclusion, python_file_at_path, Resolver};
 use ruff_workspace::FormatterSettings;
 
-use crate::args::{CliOverrides, FormatArguments};
+use crate::args::{ConfigArgs, FormatArguments};
 use crate::commands::format::{
     format_source, warn_incompatible_formatter_settings, FormatCommandError, FormatMode,
     FormatResult, FormattedSource,
@@ -19,13 +19,8 @@ use crate::stdin::{parrot_stdin, read_from_stdin};
 use crate::ExitStatus;
 
 /// Run the formatter over a single file, read from `stdin`.
-pub(crate) fn format_stdin(cli: &FormatArguments, overrides: &CliOverrides) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
-    let pyproject_config = resolve(
-        cli.isolated,
-        cli.config.as_deref(),
-        overrides,
-        cli.stdin_filename.as_deref(),
-    )?;
+pub(crate) fn format_stdin(cli: &FormatArguments, config_args: &ConfigArgs) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
+    let pyproject_config = resolve(cli.isolated, config_args, cli.stdin_filename.as_deref())?;
 
     let mut resolver = Resolver::new(&pyproject_config);
     warn_incompatible_formatter_settings(&resolver);
@@ -34,7 +29,7 @@ pub(crate) fn format_stdin(cli: &FormatArguments, overrides: &CliOverrides) -> R
 
     if resolver.force_exclude() {
         if let Some(filename) = cli.stdin_filename.as_deref() {
-            if !python_file_at_path(filename, &mut resolver, overrides)? {
+            if !python_file_at_path(filename, &mut resolver, config_args)? {
                 if mode.is_write() {
                     parrot_stdin()?;
                 }

crates/ruff/src/commands/show_files.rs

@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 use ruff_linter::warn_user_once;
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{python_files_in_path, PyprojectConfig, ResolvedFile};
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 
 /// Show the list of files to be checked based on current settings.
 pub(crate) fn show_files(
     files: &[PathBuf],
     pyproject_config: &PyprojectConfig,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    overrides: &ConfigArgs,
     writer: &mut impl Write,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     // Collect all files in the hierarchy.

crates/ruff/src/commands/show_settings.rs

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use ruff_workspace::resolver::{python_files_in_path, PyprojectConfig, ResolvedFile};
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 
 /// Print the user-facing configuration settings.
 pub(crate) fn show_settings(
     files: &[PathBuf],
     pyproject_config: &PyprojectConfig,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    overrides: &ConfigArgs,
     writer: &mut impl Write,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     // Collect all files in the hierarchy.

crates/ruff/src/lib.rs

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ pub fn run(
 }
 
 fn format(args: FormatCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
-    let (cli, overrides) = args.partition();
+    let (cli, overrides) = args.partition()?;
 
     if is_stdin(&cli.files, cli.stdin_filename.as_deref()) {
         commands::format_stdin::format_stdin(&cli, &overrides)
@@ -214,16 +214,12 @@ fn format(args: FormatCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
 }
 
 pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
-    let (cli, overrides) = args.partition();
+    let (cli, config_args) = args.partition()?;
 
     // Construct the "default" settings. These are used when no `pyproject.toml`
     // files are present, or files are injected from outside of the hierarchy.
-    let pyproject_config = resolve::resolve(
-        cli.isolated,
-        cli.config.as_deref(),
-        &overrides,
-        cli.stdin_filename.as_deref(),
-    )?;
+    let pyproject_config =
+        resolve::resolve(cli.isolated, &config_args, cli.stdin_filename.as_deref())?;
 
     let mut writer: Box<dyn Write> = match cli.output_file {
         Some(path) if !cli.watch => {
@@ -239,11 +235,16 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
     let files = resolve_default_files(cli.files, is_stdin);
 
     if cli.show_settings {
-        commands::show_settings::show_settings(&files, &pyproject_config, &overrides, &mut writer)?;
+        commands::show_settings::show_settings(
+            &files,
+            &pyproject_config,
+            &config_args,
+            &mut writer,
+        )?;
         return Ok(ExitStatus::Success);
     }
     if cli.show_files {
-        commands::show_files::show_files(&files, &pyproject_config, &overrides, &mut writer)?;
+        commands::show_files::show_files(&files, &pyproject_config, &config_args, &mut writer)?;
         return Ok(ExitStatus::Success);
     }
 
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
         if !fix_mode.is_generate() {
             warn_user!("--fix is incompatible with --add-noqa.");
         }
-        let modifications = commands::add_noqa::add_noqa(&files, &pyproject_config, &overrides)?;
+        let modifications = commands::add_noqa::add_noqa(&files, &pyproject_config, &config_args)?;
         if modifications > 0 && log_level >= LogLevel::Default {
             let s = if modifications == 1 { "" } else { "s" };
             #[allow(clippy::print_stderr)]
@@ -347,7 +348,7 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
         let messages = commands::check::check(
             &files,
             &pyproject_config,
-            &overrides,
+            &config_args,
             cache.into(),
             noqa.into(),
             fix_mode,
@@ -369,8 +370,7 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
                     if matches!(change_kind, ChangeKind::Configuration) {
                         pyproject_config = resolve::resolve(
                             cli.isolated,
-                            cli.config.as_deref(),
-                            &overrides,
+                            &config_args,
                             cli.stdin_filename.as_deref(),
                         )?;
                     }
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
                     let messages = commands::check::check(
                         &files,
                         &pyproject_config,
-                        &overrides,
+                        &config_args,
                         cache.into(),
                         noqa.into(),
                         fix_mode,
@@ -397,15 +397,15 @@ pub fn check(args: CheckCommand, log_level: LogLevel) -> Result<ExitStatus> {
             commands::check_stdin::check_stdin(
                 cli.stdin_filename.map(fs::normalize_path).as_deref(),
                 &pyproject_config,
-                &overrides,
+                &config_args,
                 noqa.into(),
                 fix_mode,
             )?
         } else {
             commands::check::check(
                 &files,
                 &pyproject_config,
-                &overrides,
+                &config_args,
                 cache.into(),
                 noqa.into(),
                 fix_mode,

crates/ruff/src/main.rs

@@ -51,6 +51,17 @@ pub fn main() -> ExitCode {
         Err(err) => {
             #[allow(clippy::print_stderr)]
             {
+                // First check whether this error has a clap error in its causes.
+                //
+                // If it's a clap error, it will already be nicely formatted,
+                // and it relates to argument parsing,
+                // so don't apply any special formatting to it:
+                for cause in err.chain() {
+                    if let Some(clap_error) = cause.downcast_ref::<clap::error::Error>() {
+                        clap_error.exit();
+                    }
+                }
+
                 // This communicates that this isn't a linter error but ruff itself hard-errored for
                 // some reason (e.g. failed to resolve the configuration)
                 eprintln!("{}", "ruff failed".red().bold());

crates/ruff/src/resolve.rs

@@ -11,19 +11,18 @@ use ruff_workspace::resolver::{
     Relativity,
 };
 
-use crate::args::CliOverrides;
+use crate::args::ConfigArgs;
 
 /// Resolve the relevant settings strategy and defaults for the current
 /// invocation.
 pub fn resolve(
     isolated: bool,
-    config: Option<&Path>,
-    overrides: &CliOverrides,
+    config_args: &ConfigArgs,
     stdin_filename: Option<&Path>,
 ) -> Result<PyprojectConfig> {
     // First priority: if we're running in isolated mode, use the default settings.
     if isolated {
-        let config = overrides.transform(Configuration::default());
+        let config = config_args.transform(Configuration::default());
         let settings = config.into_settings(&path_dedot::CWD)?;
         debug!("Isolated mode, not reading any pyproject.toml");
         return Ok(PyprojectConfig::new(
@@ -36,12 +35,13 @@ pub fn resolve(
     // Second priority: the user specified a `pyproject.toml` file. Use that
     // `pyproject.toml` for _all_ configuration, and resolve paths relative to the
     // current working directory. (This matches ESLint's behavior.)
-    if let Some(pyproject) = config
+    if let Some(pyproject) = config_args
+        .config_file()
         .map(|config| config.display().to_string())
         .map(|config| shellexpand::full(&config).map(|config| PathBuf::from(config.as_ref())))
         .transpose()?
     {
-        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Cwd, overrides)?;
+        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Cwd, config_args)?;
         debug!(
             "Using user-specified configuration file at: {}",
             pyproject.display()
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ pub fn resolve(
             "Using configuration file (via parent) at: {}",
             pyproject.display()
         );
-        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Parent, overrides)?;
+        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Parent, config_args)?;
         return Ok(PyprojectConfig::new(
             PyprojectDiscoveryStrategy::Hierarchical,
             settings,
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub fn resolve(
             "Using configuration file (via cwd) at: {}",
             pyproject.display()
         );
-        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Cwd, overrides)?;
+        let settings = resolve_root_settings(&pyproject, Relativity::Cwd, config_args)?;
         return Ok(PyprojectConfig::new(
             PyprojectDiscoveryStrategy::Hierarchical,
             settings,
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ pub fn resolve(
     // "closest" `pyproject.toml` file for every Python file later on, so these act
     // as the "default" settings.)
     debug!("Using Ruff default settings");
-    let config = overrides.transform(Configuration::default());
+    let config = config_args.transform(Configuration::default());
     let settings = config.into_settings(&path_dedot::CWD)?;
     Ok(PyprojectConfig::new(
         PyprojectDiscoveryStrategy::Hierarchical,