New prompting examples

docs/cookbook/examples/prompting/follow_up_questions.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+title: 'Generate Follow-Up Questions'
+docname: 'follow_up_questions'
+---
+
+## Overview
+
+Models can sometimes correctly answer sub-problems but incorrectly answer the overall query. This is known as the compositionality gap1.
+
+How can we encourage a model to use the answers to sub-problems to correctly generate the overall solution?
+
+Self-Ask is a technique which use a single prompt to:
+ - decide if follow-up questions are required
+ - generate the follow-up questions
+ - answer the follow-up questions
+ - answer the main query
+
+## Example
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+$loader = require 'vendor/autoload.php';
+$loader->add('Cognesy\\Instructor\\', __DIR__ . '../../src/');
+
+use Cognesy\Instructor\Instructor;
+use Cognesy\Instructor\Schema\Attributes\Description;
+
+class FollowUp {
+    #[Description("The follow-up question")]
+    public string $question;
+    #[Description("The answer to the follow-up question")]
+    public string $answer;
+}
+
+class Response {
+    public bool $followUpsRequired;
+    /** @var FollowUp[] */
+    public array $followUps;
+    public string $finalAnswer;
+}
+
+class RespondWithFollowUp {
+    private $prompt = <<<QUERY
+        Query: {query}
+        Are follow-up questions needed?
+        If so, generate follow-up questions, their answers, and then the final answer to the query.
+    QUERY;
+
+    public function __invoke(string $query) : Response {
+        return (new Instructor)->respond(
+            messages: str_replace('{query}', $query, $this->prompt),
+            responseModel: Response::class,
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+$response = (new RespondWithFollowUp)(
+    query: "Who was president of the U.S. when superconductivity was discovered?",
+);
+
+echo "Answer:\n";
+dump($response);
+?>
+```
+
+## References
+
+ 1. [Measuring and Narrowing the Compositionality Gap in Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03350)

docs/mint.json

@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@
                 "cookbook/examples/prompting/clarify_ambiguity",
                 "cookbook/examples/prompting/define_style",
                 "cookbook/examples/prompting/emotional_stimuli",
+                "cookbook/examples/prompting/follow_up_questions",
                 "cookbook/examples/prompting/repeat_query",
                 "cookbook/examples/prompting/simulate_perspective"
             ]