New CLI node selectors

[jtcohen6]

Describe the feature

Additional node selectors to be available on the CLI, including but not limited to:

• package or model_dir selectors (though both are included in the fqn)
• configs
  • We already have a tags selector
  • A generic model config selector (config.materialized, config.bind, config.full_refresh)
    • make this work for tests too (config.severity)
• a schema test type selector (test_type)
• a test type selector (in place of --schema and --data)

Additional context

• Powers the spec proposed in (#1724) bump docs site for 0.14.2 #1726

Who will this benefit?

• dbt users who want greater control over specific dbt invocations and deployments
• Future work around advanced node selection and complex workflows