Properly implement support for Cosmos hierarchical partition keys

[roji]

This allow partial Cosmos hierarchical partition keys to be used properly, so that if only the 1st part of a partition key is specified by the user, it is properly lifted and passed to the Cosmos SDK (we were previously doing this only if the full partition key was specified).

Implementation notes:

1. We first do a visitation pass over the predicate to identify all JSON ID and partition key comparisons there. We do not modify the predicate at this point (we did before), since we don't yet know which partition key values are provided and which aren't.
2. We go over the partition key properties in order, and lift up comparisons found in the predicate from the above pass to the query compilation context (they flow to the Cosmos SDK from there). The moment there's a missing value, we stop.
3. If all JSON ID and all partition key properties have been specified, we transform to ReadItem.
4. Otherwise, we do a second pass to remove the partition key predicates that were lifted out in step 2.

Note that this also changes the WithPartitionKey to not use params object[]; that becomes an array parameter, which means that during compilation we can't know how many values were provided, and therefore whether all values are provided (necessary to know whether we can transform to ReadItem). Instead, we just have multiple overloads for 1, 2, and 3 partition key values.

Fixes #34553

[ajcvickers]

I think we need a way of asserting the partition key that was passed with the query. Should I file an issue for it?

[roji]

Yeah, I was thinking the same thing. I verified this by debugging in and checking what actual partition key gets constructed, but we need something better.

[ajcvickers]

I really should have caught this when I was working on these tests and looking at the baselines!

[ajcvickers]

At least we found it before shipping. :-D

[roji]

Well I should have caught this while writing all this :/

[AndriySvyryd]

Consider removing the MakeGenericMethod by leveraging the compiler.

[AndriySvyryd]

See https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/src/libraries/System.Linq.Queryable/src/System/Linq/Queryable.cs#L171

[roji]

You're referring to this pattern, right?

That's a good suggestion... Currently all of our operators work with MakeGenericMethod, so I propose to do this in a big pass for 10... Opened #34559.