terraform: add missing policies for AWS ALB

[burgerdev]

Context

Node role permissions are currently handcrafted to allow the set of use cases we identified so far. We did not consider the use of AWS LBC as an Ingress provisioner, though, and thus never checked whether the policies are sufficient.

Proposed change(s)

• Apply the recommended policy.
• Add a test to ensure ALB Ingresses can be created.
• Document considerations for using ALB Ingress with Constellation.

Related issue

• Fixes Missing permission for AWS Application Load Balancer #3056

Checklist

• Run the E2E tests that are relevant to this PR's changes
  • https://github.com/edgelesssys/constellation/actions/runs/8938280204/job/24552109686 (intermediate state)
  • https://github.com/edgelesssys/constellation/actions/runs/8968562872 (current HEAD)
• Update docs
• Add labels (e.g., for changelog category)
• Is PR title adequate for changelog?
• Link to Milestone

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[msanft]

Policy and E2E test LGTM, but I lack the proficiency in this area to give a meaningful review. So @3u13r should probably double-check before merging.

[3u13r]

LGTM