[8.13](backport #39420) x-pack/filebeat/input/entityanalytics/provider/azuread: fix query handling

[mergify]

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See title.

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• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• I have added an entry in CHANGELOG.next.asciidoc or CHANGELOG-developer.next.asciidoc.

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Related issues

• Fixes [Microsoft Entra ID Entity Analytics] Adding custom options such as department do not take affect. #39419

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #39420 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

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