Fix: Handle traces sampler exception

[denrase]

📜 Description

Closes #1025

💡 Motivation and Context

• Capture and log exception in options' traces sampler.

💚 How did you test it?

Unit tests.

📝 Checklist

• I reviewed submitted code
• I added tests to verify changes
• I updated the docs if needed
• All tests passing
• No breaking changes

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Base: 90.48% // Head: 91.37% // Increases project coverage by +0.88% 🎉

Coverage data is based on head (b9bd35c) compared to base (b016e63).
Patch has no changes to coverable lines.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1040      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.48%   91.37%   +0.88%     
==========================================
  Files         114        9     -105     
  Lines        3572      197    -3375     
==========================================
- Hits         3232      180    -3052     
+ Misses        340       17     -323     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
dart/lib/src/sentry_traces_sampler.dart
dart/lib/src/http_client/breadcrumb_client.dart
dart/lib/src/protocol/breadcrumb.dart
dart/lib/src/transport/rate_limiter.dart
dart/lib/src/sentry_user_feedback.dart
dart/lib/src/utils.dart
dart/lib/src/protocol/span_status.dart
dart/lib/src/transport/http_transport.dart
dart/lib/src/sentry_options.dart
dart/lib/src/sentry_span_interface.dart
... and 95 more

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