CI: Extract godot-cpp testing into its own job #7461

Job	Run time
📊 Static checks / Code style, file formatting, and docs	38s
🍏 iOS / Template (target=template_release)	2m 31s
🍎 macOS / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	5m 6s
🍎 macOS / Template (target=template_release)	5m 5s
🐧 Linux / Editor w/ Mono (target=editor)	5m 14s
🐧 Linux / Editor with doubles and GCC sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, scu_build=yes, precision=double, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, linker=gold)	27m 57s
🐧 Linux / Editor with clang sanitizers (target=editor, tests=yes, dev_build=yes, use_asan=yes, use_ubsan=yes, use_llvm=yes, linker=lld)	7m 33s
🐧 Linux / Template w/ Mono (target=template_release)	1m 35s
🐧 Linux / Minimal template (target=template_release, everything disabled)	1m 34s
🌐 Web / Template (target=template_release)	1m 22s
🤖 Android / Template (target=template_release)	5m 4s
🏁 Windows / Editor (target=editor, tests=yes)	28m 44s
🏁 Windows / Template (target=template_release)	9m 16s
🪲 Godot CPP / Build and test Godot CPP	9m 52s
	1h 51m 31s

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