internal/godoc: add versioning for links to std packages

[alexbozhenko]

It turns out that not including versions in the links to
standard library packages can be problematic.

For example, Go 1.23.0 added the iter package and the maps.Keys function.
https://pkg.go.dev/[email protected]#hdr-Standard_Library_Usage
This paragraph contains a link to https://pkg.go.dev/maps#Keys,
and that link was broken before version 1.23.0 was released.

With this change, versions will always be included in the links
to standard library packages, even when browsing the latest version.

Fixes golang/go#68755

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[gopherbot]

Message from Gopher Robot:

Patch Set 1:

(1 comment)

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Message from Alex Bozhenko:

Patch Set 1:

(1 comment)

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Message from Alex Bozhenko:

Patch Set 2:

(1 comment)

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Message from Alex Bozhenko:

Patch Set 2:

(1 comment)

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This PR (HEAD: 9236b0f) has been imported to Gerrit for code review.

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[gopherbot]

Message from Alex Bozhenko:

Patch Set 4:

(1 comment)

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