Update Go devcontainer image to version 1.23

[obounaim]

Description

I would like to request an upgrade of the Go version used in the VSCode devcontainer.

Current Go Version: 1.22
Proposed Go Version: 1.23

Relations

Closes #39525

[github-actions]

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[ewbankkit]

LGTM 🚀.

[ewbankkit]

@obounaim Thanks for the contribution 🎉 👏.