Backport of lang/funcs: Redact sensitive values from function errors into v1.1

[teamterraform]

Backport

This PR is auto-generated from #30067 to be assessed for backporting due to the inclusion of the label 1.1-backport.

The below text is copied from the body of the original PR.

---

Some function errors include values derived from arguments. This commit is the result of a manual audit of these errors, which resulted in:

• Adding a helper function to redact sensitive values;
• Applying that helper function where errors include values derived from possibly-sensitive arguments;
• Cleaning up other errors which need not include those values, or were otherwise incorrect.

Fixes #30033

Example

$ echo 'base64decode("wheee")' | terraform console
╷
│ Error: Error in function call
│
│   on <console-input> line 1:
│   (source code not available)
│
│ Call to function "base64decode" failed: failed to decode base64 data "wheee".
╵

$ echo 'base64decode(sensitive("wheee"))' | terraform console
╷
│ Error: Error in function call
│
│   on <console-input> line 1:
│   (source code not available)
│
│ Call to function "base64decode" failed: failed to decode base64 data (sensitive value).
╵

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